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A77689 Hydriotaphia, urne-buriall, or, a discourse of the sepulchrall urnes lately found in Norfolk. Together with the garden of Cyrus, or the quincunciall, lozenge, or net-work plantations of the ancients, artificially, naturally, mystically considered. With sundry observations. / By Thomas Browne D. of Physick. Browne, Thomas, Sir, 1605-1682. 1658 (1658) Wing B5154; Thomason E1821_3; ESTC R202039 74,321 222

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Books Printed for Hen. Broome at the Gun in Ivy-Lane The Souls Conflict Being Eight Sermons six whereof were preached at Oxford The Queens Exchange A Comedy By Richard Brome Two Essays of Love and Marriage The Grand Impostor Examined Or the life and Triall of James Nayler The Souls Tournkey Being a Conference betwixt M r Hanum and M r Tuke Moderator of Gr. Coll. in London Books now in the Presse which will shortly be extant The Affinity of sacred Liturgies By Hamon L'Estrage Esq Five New Comedies which were never before publisht By Richard Brome A Learned and much desired Commentary on the whole Epistle to the Philippians By Nath. Tucker Late Preacher of the Gospel at Portsmouth a Pomp●●os juvenes Asia atque Europa sed ipsum terra tegit Lyb●● b Little directly but Sea between your house ad Greenland c Brought back by Cimon Plutarch d The great Urnes in the Hippodrome at Rome conceived to resound the voices of people at their shows e Worthily possessed by that true Gellrleman Sir Horatio Townshend my honored Friend f Abiit ad plures g Which makes the world so many years old h Wherein M. Dugdale hath excellently well endeavoured and worthy to be countenanced by ingenuous and noble persons i In the time of Henry the second Cambden k Adamas de rupe veteri praestantissim●s a Plempius Cabeus c. b D. Harvy c Besleri Hortus Eystetensis d Bauhini Theatrum Bo●anicum c. e My worthy friend M. Goodier an ancient and learned Botanist f As in London and divers parts whereof we mention none lest we seem to omit any g Hippocrates de superfoetatione de dentitione h Rules without exceptions i Tulipo mania Narrencru●id La●renberg Pet. Hondius in lib. Belg. k Of the most worthy S t Edmund Bacon prime Baronet my true and noble Friend a The rich Mountain of Per● b Q. Calaber lib. 1. c Ammianus Marellinus Gumbrates King of Chionia a Countrey near Persia * Arnoldis Montanis not in Caes Commetar L. L. Gvraldus Kirkmannus d 12. Tabul part 1. de jure s●cro Hominem mortuum in urbe ne sepelito neve urito tom 2. Rogum asciâ ne polito to 4. Item vigeneri Annotat. in Livium Alex. ab Alex. cum Tiraquello Roscinus cum dempstero e Ultima prolato subdita flamma ●ogo De Fast lib. 4. cum Car. Neapol anaptyxi f And therefore the Inscription of his Tomb w●s made accordingly Nic. Damasc g Which Magius reades 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Diodorus Siculus * Ramusius in Navigat Martialis the Bishop Cyprian h Amos 6. 10. i Sueton. in vita Jul. Caes k As that magnificent sepulchral Monument erected by Simon Mach. 1. 13. l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whereof a Jewish Priest had alwayes the custody unto Josephus his dayes Jos Lib. 10. Antiq. * In one sent me by my worthy friend D r Thomas Witherley of Walsingham m Hominum ivfinita multitudo est creber ' imaque aedisicia ferè Gallicis consimilia Caes de bello Gal. l. 5. n In the ground of my worthy Friend Rob Jegon Esq wherein some things contained were preserved by the most worthy Sir William Past●n Bt. o From Castor to Thetford the Romanes accounted thirty two miles and from thence observed not our common road to London but passed by Combretonium ad Ansam Canonium Caesaromagus c. by Bretenham Coggesh all Chelmesord Burntwood c. p Most at Caster by Yarmouth found in a place called East-bloudy-burgh furlong belonging to M r Thomas Wood a person of civility industry and knowledge in this way who hath made observation of remarkable things about him and from whom we have received divers Silver and Copper Coynes q Belonging to that Noble Gentleman and true example of worth Sir Ralph Hare Baronet my honoured Friend a A peece of Maud the Empresse said to be found in Buckenham Castle with this Inscription Elle n'a elle b At Thorpe c Brampron Abbas Journallensis d Plut. in vita Lycur● Stowes Survey of London e Execrantur rogos damnant ignium sepulturam Min. in Oct. f Sidon Apollinaris g Vigeneri Annot in 4. Liv. h Chisslet in Anast Childer i Dionis excerpta per Xiphilin in Sever● Roisold Brendetiide I ld tyde l Olai Wormii monumenta Antiquitat Dan. m Adolphus Cyprius in Annal. Sleswic urnis adeo abundabat collis c. n In Oxfordshire Cambden o In Cheshire Twinus de rebus Albionicis p In Norfolk Hollingshead a Mat. 23. b Eurspides c Psa 63. d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dion c Cum lacrymis posuere * Laziu● f About five hundred years Plato g Vinum Opimi● ian●m annorum centum Petron. h 12. Tabul l. xi de Jure sacro Neve aurum addito ast quoi curo dentes vincti e●unt im cum illo sepelire urer● se frau●e esto i Plin. l. xvi In●er 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 numera● Theophras●us k Su●ius l Gorop Becanus in Niloscopio m Of Beringuccio nella pyrotechnia n At Elmeham * Sueton. in vitâ Tib. in Amphitheatro semiustu●andum not Casaub b Sueton. in vitâ Domitian c S. the most learned and worthy M r M. Casaubon upon Antoninus d Sic erimus cuncti c. Ergo dum vivimus vivamus e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A barbarous pastime at Feasts when men stood upon a rolling Globe with their necks in a Rope and a knife in their hands ready to cut it when the stone was rolled away wherein if they failed they lost their lives to the laughter of their specators Athenaeus f Diis manibus g Bosio h Pausan in A●●icis i Lamprid. in vit Alexand Severi k Trajanus Dion l Plut. in vit Marcelli The Commission of the Gothish King Theodoric for finding out sepulchrall treasure Cassiodor Var. l. 4. a Britannia hodie eam attonitè celebrat tantis ceremoniis ut dedisse Persis videri possit Plin. l. 29. b Topygraphiae Roma ex Martiaano Erat vas ustrinum appellatum quod in eo cadavera comburerentur Cap. de Campo Es quilino c To be seen in Licet de reconditis veterum lucernis a Old bones according to Lyserus Those of young persons not tal● nor fat according to Columbus b In vita Gracc. c Thucydides d Laurent Valla. e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 f Speran Alb. Ovot g The brain Hippocrates e Amos 2. 1. e As Artemisia of her Husband Mansolus a Siste viator Kirckman nus de funer c Of Thomas Marquesse of Dorset whose body being buried 1530. was 1608 up on the cutting open of the Cerecloth found perfect and nothing corrupted the flesh not hardened but in colour proportion and solmesse like an ordinary corps newly to be interred Burtons descript of Leicestershire d In his Map of Russia e The Poet Dante in his view of Purgatory sound gluttons so meagre and extenuated
subject of so entire a Resurrection nor fully answered the types of Enoch Eliah or Jonah which yet to prevent or restore was of equall facility unto that rising power able to break the fasciations and bands of death to get clear out of the Cere-cloth and an hundred pounds of oyntment and out of the Sepulchre before the stone was rolled from it But though they embraced not this practice of burning yet entertained they many ceremonies agreeable unto Greeke and Romane obsequies And he that observeth their funerall Feasts their Lamentations at the grave their musick and weeping mourners how they closed the eyes of their friends how they washed anointed and kissed the dead may easily conclude these were not meere Pagan-Civilities But whether that mournfull burthen and treble calling out after Absalom had any reference unto the last conclamation and triple valediction used by other Nations we hold but a wavering conjecture Civilians make sepulture but of the Law of Nations others doe naturally found it and discover it also in animals They that are so thick skinned as still to credit the story of the Phoenix may say something for animall burning More serious conjectures finde some examples of sepulture in Elephants Cranes the Sepulchrall Cells of Pismires and practice of Bees which civill society carrieth out their dead and hath exequies if not interrments CHAP. II. THE Solemnities Ceremonies Rites of their Cremation or enterrment so solemnly delivered by Authours we shall not disparage our Reader to repeat Only the last and lasting part in their Urns collected bones and Ashes we cannot wholly omit or decline that Subject which occasion lately presented in some discovered among us In a Field of old Walsingham not many moneths past were digged up between fourty and fifty Vrnes deposited in a dry and sandy soile not a yard deep nor farre from one another Not all strictly of one figure but most answering these described Some containing two pounds of bones distinguishable in skulls ribs jawes thigh-bones and teeth with fresh impressions of their combustion Besides the extraneous substances like peeces of small boxes or combes handsomely wrought handles of small brasse instruments brazen nippers and in one some kinde of Opale Near the same plot of ground for about six yards compasse were digged up coals and incinerated substances which begat conjecture that this was the Vstrina or place of burning their bodies or some sacrificing place unto the Manes which was properly below the surface of the ground as the Arae and Altars unto the gods and Heroes above it That these were the Vrnes of Romanes from the common custome and place where they were found is no obscure conjecture not farre from a Romane Garrison and but five Miles from Brancaster set down by ancient Record under the name of Brannodunum And where the adjoyning Towne containing seven Parishes in no very different sound but Saxon Termination still retains the Name of Burnham which being an early station it is not improbable the neighbour parts were filled with habitations either of Romanes themselves or Britains Romanised which observed the Romane customes Nor is it improbable that the Romanes early possessed this Countrey for though we meet not with such strict particulars of these parts before the new Institution of Constantine and military charge of the Count of the Saxon shore and that about the Saxon Invasions the Dalmatian Horsemen were in the Garrison of Brancaster Yet in the time of Claudius Vespasian and Severus we finde no lesse then three Legions dispersed through the Province of Brittain And as high as the Reign of Claudius a great overthrow was given unto the Iceni by the Romane Lieutenant Ostorius Not long after the Countrey was so molested that in hope of a better state Prastaagus bequeathed his Kingdome unto Nero and his Daughters and Boadicea his Queen fought the last decisive Battle with Paulinus After which time and Conquest of Agricola the Lieutenant of Vespasian probable it is they wholly possessed this Countrey ordering it into Garrisons or Habitations best suitable with their securities And so some Romane Habitations not improbable in these parts as high as the time of Vespasian where the Saxons after seated in whose thin-fill'd Mappes we yet finde the Name of Walsingham Now if the Iceni were but Gammadims Anconians or men that lived in an Angle wedge or Elbow of Brittain according to the Originall Etymologie this countrey will challenge the Emphaticall appellation as most properly making the Elbow or Iken of Icenia That Britain was notably populous is undeniable from that expression of Caesar That the Romans themselves were early in no small Numbers Seventy Thousand with their associats slain by Boadicea affords a sure account And though many Roman habitations are now knowne yet some by old works Rampiers Coynes and Urnes doe testifie their Possessions Some Urnes have been found at Castor some also about Southcreake and not many years past no lesse then ten in a Field at Buxton not near any recorded Garison Nor is it strange to finde Romane Coynes of Copper and Silver among us of Vespasian Trajan Adrian Commodus Antoninus Severus c. But the greater number of Dioclesian Constantine Constans Valens with many of Victorinus Posthumius Tetricus and the thirty Tyrants in the Reigne of GalliÄ—nus and some as high as Adrianus have been found about Thetford or Sitomagus mentioned in the itinerary of Antoninus as the way from Venta or Castor unto London But the most frequent discovery is made at the two Casters by Norwich and Yarmouth at Burghcastle and Brancaster Besides the Norman Saxon and Danish peeces of Cuthred Canutus William Matilda and others som Brittish Coynes of gold have been dispersedly found And no small number of silver peeces near Norwich with a rude head upon the obverse and an ill formed horse on the reverse with Inscriptions Ic. Duro T. whether implying Iceni Durotriges Tascia or Trinobantes we leave to higher conjecture Vulgar Chronology will have Norwich Castle as old as Julius Caesar but his distance from these parts and its Gothick form of structure abridgeth such Antiquity The British Coyns afford conjecture of early habitation in these parts though the City of Norwich arose from the ruines of Venta and though perhaps not without some habitation before was enlarged builded and nominated by the Saxons In what bulk or populosity it stood in the old East-angle Monarchy tradition and history are silent Considerable it was in the Danish Eruptions when Sueno burnt Thetford and Norwich and Vlfketel the Governour thereof was able to make some resistance and after endeavoured to burn the Danish Navy How the Romanes left so many Coynes in Countreys of their Conquests seems of hard resolution except we consider how they buried them under ground when upon barbarous invasions they were fain to desert their habitations in most part of their Empire and the strictnesse of their laws forbidding to transfer them to