circumspection_n if_o â—o_o he_o occur_v a_o great_a affluence_n of_o word_n he_o â—resumes_v not_o to_o expose_v it_o he_o restrain_v himself_o in_o a_o word_n he_o be_v â—o_o rigorous_a a_o censurer_n of_o himself_o that_o he_o be_v not_o aâ—_n rest_v when_o his_o word_n correspond_v not_o to_o his_o actionsâ—_n and_o his_o action_n to_o his_o word_n now_o the_o way_n cry_v he_o by_o which_o a_o man_n arrive_v at_o this_o perfection_n be_v a_o solid_a and_o constant_a virtue_n to_o this_o his_o master_n doctrine_n cusâ—_n here_o add_v a_o moral_a worthy_a of_o their_o meditation_n who_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o perfect_v themselves_o the_o perfect_a man_n say_v this_o worthy_a disciple_n of_o so_o great_a a_o philosopher_n the_o perfect_a man_n govern_v himself_o according_a to_o his_o present_a state_n and_o coveâ—s_v nothing_o beyond_o it_o if_o he_o find_v himself_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o riches_n he_o act_v like_o a_o rich_a man_n but_o addict_v not_o himself_o to_o unlawful_a pleasure_n he_o avoid_v luxury_n detest_v pride_n offend_v no_o body_n if_o he_o be_v in_o a_o poor_a and_o contemptible_a state_n he_o act_v as_o a_o poor_a and_o mean_a man_n ought_v to_o act_n but_o he_o do_v nothing_o unworthy_a of_o a_o grave_a and_o worthy_a manâ—_n if_o he_o be_v remoâ—e_v from_o his_o own_o country_n he_o behave_v himself_o as_o a_o stranger_n ought_v to_o do_v but_o he_o be_v always_o like_o himself_o if_o he_o be_v in_o affliction_n and_o adversity_n he_o do_v not_o insolent_o affront_v his_o destiny_n but_o have_v courage_n and_o resolution_n nothing_o can_v shake_v his_o constancy_n if_o he_o be_v advanc'dâ—_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o state_n he_o keep_v his_o rank_n but_o never_o treat_v his_o inferior_n with_o severity_n and_o if_o he_o see_v himself_o below_o other_o â—e_z be_v humble_a he_o never_o depart_v from_o the_o respect_n he_o owe_v to_o his_o superior_n but_o he_o never_o purchase_v their_o favour_n with_o flattery_n he_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o perfect_v himself_o and_o exact_v nothing_o of_o other_o with_o severity_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o he_o express_v no_o discontent_n or_o anger_n to_o any_o person_n if_o he_o liâ—ts_v up_o his_o eye_n towards_o heaven_n it_o be_v not_o to_o complain_v for_o that_o it_o have_v not_o send_v he_o prosperity_n or_o to_o murmur_v for_o that_o it_o afflict_v he_o if_o he_o look_v down_o towards_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v not_o to_o reproach_v man_n and_o attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o misery_n and_o necessity_n unto_o they_o it_o be_v to_o testify_v his_o humility_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v always_o contend_v with_o his_o condition_n that_o he_o desire_v nothing_o beyond_o and_o that_o with_o submission_n and_o a_o even_a spirit_n he_o expect_v whatever_o heaven_n shall_v ordain_v concern_v he_o thus_o he_o rejoice_v in_o a_o certain_a tranquillity_n which_o may_v well_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o top_n of_o those_o mountain_n which_o be_v high_a than_o the_o region_n where_o the_o thunder_n and_o tempest_n be_v form_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o book_n he_o discourse_v of_o the_o profound_a respect_n which_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n and_o especial_o the_o king_n and_o emperor_n have_v for_o their_o parent_n and_o of_o the_o exact_a obedience_n which_o they_o pay_v they_o if_o a_o king_n say_v they_o honour_n and_o obey_v his_o father_n and_o mother_n certain_o he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o excite_v his_o subject_n to_o follow_v his_o example_n for_o brieâ—ly_o a_o man_n that_o love_v virtue_n desire_v that_o all_o other_o shall_v likewise_o esteem_v it_o especial_o if_o it_o be_v his_o interest_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v virtuous_a now_o it_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o a_o king_n that_o his_o subject_n do_v love_n virtue_n and_o practice_n it_o indeed_o how_o can_v he_o hope_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o his_o subject_n if_o himself_o refuse_v to_o obey_v those_o that_o give_v he_o life_n after_o all_o if_o a_o prince_n desire_v to_o bring_v his_o subject_n to_o be_v obedient_a to_o their_o parent_n he_o must_v show_v kindness_n towards_o they_o and_o treat_v they_o with_o that_o tenderness_n which_o father_n have_v for_o their_o child_n for_o we_o willing_o imitate_v those_o who_o we_o love_v and_o of_o who_o we_o think_v we_o be_v belove_v but_o if_o this_o prince_n by_o his_o conduct_n excite_v his_o subject_n to_o give_v obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n and_o afterward_o obey_v he_o as_o their_o common_a father_n most_o certain_o they_o will_v obey_v heaven_n from_o whence_o crown_n and_o empire_n do_v come_v heaven_n which_o be_v the_o sovereign_a father_n of_o all_o and_o what_o will_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o this_o obedience_n it_o will_v happen_v that_o heaven_n will_v diffuse_v its_o blessing_n on_o those_o that_o shall_v thus_o well_o acquit_v themselves_o it_o will_v abundant_o recompense_v so_o admirable_a a_o virtue_n it_o will_v make_v peace_n and_o concord_n every_o where_o to_o reign_v so_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n will_v seem_v as_o one_o single_a family_n where_o the_o subject_n obey_v their_o king_n as_o their_o father_n and_o the_o king_n love_v his_o subject_n as_o his_o child_n they_o will_v all_o lead_v as_o in_o a_o single_a but_o rich_a magnificent_a regular_a and_o convenient_a house_n the_o happy_a and_o most_o peaceable_a life_n imaginable_a to_o return_v to_o confucius_n as_o he_o know_v that_o the_o example_n of_o king_n make_v a_o great_a impression_n on_o man_n mind_n so_o he_o propose_v that_o of_o the_o emperor_n xun_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o obedience_n which_o child_n owe_v to_o their_o parent_n oh_o how_o great_a have_v the_o obedience_n of_o this_o emperor_n be_v cry_v confucius_n thus_o continue_v he_o if_o he_o have_v obtain_v from_o heaven_n the_o imperial_a crown_n it_o be_v the_o recompense_n of_o this_o virtue_n it_o be_v this_o virtue_n that_o procure_v he_o so_o many_o revenue_n those_o immense_a riches_n and_o vast_a kingdom_n which_o be_v only_o limit_v by_o the_o ocean_n it_o be_v this_o virtue_n that_o have_v render_v his_o name_n so_o famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n in_o fine_a i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o long_a and_o peaceable_a life_n which_o he_o enjoy_v aught_o to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o recompense_n of_o this_o virtue_n to_o hear_v this_o philosopher_n speak_v will_v it_o not_o be_v say_v that_o he_o have_v read_v the_o decalogue_n and_o understand_v the_o promise_n which_o god_n have_v there_o make_v to_o those_o that_o honour_n their_o father_n and_o mother_n but_o if_o by_o what_o confucius_n declare_v it_o seem_v that_o the_o decalogue_n be_v not_o unknown_a to_o he_o it_o will_v rather_o seem_v that_o he_o know_v the_o maxim_n of_o the_o gospel_n when_o we_o shall_v see_v what_o he_o teach_v concern_v charity_n which_o he_o say_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v for_o all_o men._n that_o love_n say_v he_o which_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o all_o man_n to_o have_v be_v not_o a_o stranger_n to_o man_n it_o be_v man_n himself_o or_o if_o you_o will_v it_o be_v a_o natural_a property_n of_o man_n which_o dictate_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o ought_v general_o to_o love_v all_o men._n nevertheless_o above_o all_o man_n to_o love_v his_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v his_o main_a and_o principal_a duty_n from_o the_o practice_n of_o which_o he_o afterward_o proceed_v as_o by_o degree_n to_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o universal_a love_n who_o object_n be_v all_o mankind_n it_o be_v from_o this_o universal_a love_n that_o distributive_a justice_n come_v that_o justice_n which_o make_v we_o to_o render_v to_o every_o one_o his_o due_a and_o more_o especial_o to_o cherish_v and_o honour_v wise_a and_o upright_a man_n and_o to_o advance_v they_o to_o the_o dignity_n and_o office_n of_o state_n that_o difference_n which_o be_v between_o the_o love_n we_o have_v for_o our_o parent_n and_o that_o we_o have_v for_o other_o between_o the_o love_n we_o bear_v to_o virtuous_a and_o learned_a man_n and_o that_o we_o bear_v to_o those_o which_o have_v not_o so_o much_o virtue_n or_o ability_n that_o difference_n i_o say_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o harmony_n a_o symmetry_n of_o duty_n which_o the_o reason_n of_o heaven_n have_v protect_v and_o in_o which_o nothing_o must_v be_v change_v for_o the_o conduct_n of_o life_n confucius_n propose_v five_o rule_n which_o he_o call_v universal_a the_o first_o regard_v the_o justice_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v practise_v between_o a_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n the_o second_o respect_n the_o love_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v between_o a_o father_n and_o his_o child_n the_o three_o recommend_v conjugal_a fidelity_n to_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o four_o concern_v the_o subordination_n that_o ought_v to_o appear_v between_o elder_a and_o young_a brother_n the_o five_o
he_o make_v it_o a_o duty_n and_o delight_n to_o weigh_v the_o answer_n that_o be_v give_v he_o how_o common_a so_o ever_o they_o appear_v when_o any_o thing_n be_v propose_v to_o he_o which_o after_o a_o strict_a examination_n he_o be_v convince_v be_v repugnant_a to_o right_a reason_n he_o acquiesce_v not_o but_o with_o a_o open_a heart_n represent_v what_o be_v amiss_o in_o the_o counsel_n that_o be_v give_v he_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o make_v his_o subject_n to_o place_v a_o confidence_n in_o he_o and_o accustom_v themselves_o â—reely_o to_o give_v he_o advertisement_n â—rom_o time_n to_o time_n as_o for_o the_o good_a and_o judicious_a counsel_n he_o follow_v magnify_v and_o extol_v they_o and_o thereby_o every_o one_o be_v encourage_v joyful_o to_o declare_v his_o opinion_n but_o if_o among_o the_o counsel_n that_o be_v give_v he_o he_o find_v that_o some_o plain_o contradict_v other_o he_o attentive_o consider_v they_o and_o after_o have_v examine_v they_o he_o always_o take_v â—_o mean_o especial_o when_o it_o concern_v â—he_v public_a interest_n confucius_n here_o deplore_v the_o false_a prudence_n of_o the_o man_n of_o his_o time_n it_o have_v indeed_o very_o much_o degenerate_v from_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n there_o be_v not_o say_v he_o any_o person_n at_o present_a who_o declare_v not_o i_o have_v prudence_n i_o know_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v do_v and_o what_o be_v not_o but_o because_o that_o now_o profit_n and_o particular_a advantage_n be_v the_o only_a object_n delight_v in_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o think_v not_o on_o the_o evil_n which_o may_v thence_o ensue_v on_o the_o peril_n to_o which_o this_o gain_n and_o profit_n expose_v we_o and_o that_o the_o precipice_n be_v not_o perceive_v by_o we_o there_o be_v some_o that_o perfect_o understand_v the_o nature_n and_o value_n of_o mediocrity_n who_o châ—sâ—_n it_o for_o their_o rule_n and_o square_v their_o action_n thereby_o but_o who_o afterward_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v overcome_v by_o sloth_n have_v not_o the_o power_n to_o persist_v to_o what_o end_n in_o these_o sort_n of_o person_n do_v the_o knowledge_n and_o resolution_n they_o have_v form_v tend_v to_o alas_o it_o be_v not_o thus_o with_o my_o disciple_n hâ—ri_n he_o have_v a_o exquisite_a discern_a faculty_n he_o remark_v all_o the_o difference_n that_o occur_v in_o thing_n he_o always_o choose_v a_o mean_a and_o never_o forsake_v it_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n add_v confucius_n it_o be_v not_o a_o very_a easy_a thing_n to_o acquire_v that_o medium_fw-la which_o i_o so_o much_o commend_v alas_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o difficult_a it_o be_v a_o affair_n which_o require_v great_a pain_n and_o industry_n you_o will_v find_v man_n capable_a of_o govern_v happy_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n you_o will_v see_v some_o that_o will_v have_v magnanimity_n enough_o to_o refuse_v the_o most_o considerable_a dignity_n and_o advantage_n there_o will_v be_v some_o also_o that_o will_v have_v courage_n enough_o to_o walk_v on_o naked_a sword_n but_o you_o will_v find_v few_o that_o be_v capable_a of_o keep_v a_o just_a mean_a that_o to_o arrive_v hereat_o art_n labour_n courage_n and_o virtue_n be_v require_v it_o be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o this_o moâ—al_a that_o one_o of_o his_o disciple_n who_o be_v of_o a_o warlike_a and_o ambitious_a temper_n ask_v he_o wherein_o valour_n consist_v and_o what_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o do_v to_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o valiant_a have_v you_o â—eâ—rd_n ses_fw-fr confucius_n of_o the_o valour_n of_o those_o in_o the_o south_n or_o those_o that_o dwell_v in_o the_o north_n or_o rather_o of_o the_o valour_n of_o my_o disciple_n who_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o study_n of_o wisdom_n to_o act_v mild_o in_o the_o education_n of_o child_n and_o disciple_n to_o be_v indulgent_a to_o they_o patient_o to_o bear_v their_o disobedience_n and_o defect_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o southern_a people_n consist_v by_o this_o valour_n they_o conquer_v their_o violent_a temper_n and_o submit_v their_o passion_n which_o be_v general_o violent_a to_o right_o reason_n to_o lie_v down_o courageous_o in_o a_o camp_n to_o repose_v quiet_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o terrible_a army_n to_o see_v a_o thousand_o death_n before_o his_o eye_n without_o daunt_v not_o to_o be_v disquiet_v but_o make_v a_o pleasure_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o life_n behold_v what_o i_o call_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o northern_a man_n but_o as_o general_o therâ—_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o rashness_n in_o all_o this_o and_o that_o oftentimes_o man_n regulate_v not_o themselves_o according_o to_o that_o mean_a which_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o seek_v after_o it_o be_v not_o this_o sort_n of_o valour_n which_o i_o require_v of_o my_o disciple_n behold_v what_o his_o character_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o perfect_a man_n for_o in_o short_a the_o perfect_a man_n only_o can_v have_v a_o true_a valour_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v busy_v in_o conquer_a himself_o he_o must_v suit_v himself_o to_o the_o manner_n and_o temper_n of_o other_o but_o he_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v master_n of_o his_o own_o heart_n and_o action_n he_o must_v not_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v corrupt_v by_o the_o conversation_n or_o example_n of_o loose_a and_o effeminate_a person_n he_o must_v never_o obey_v till_o he_o have_v first_o examine_v what_o be_v command_v he_o he_o must_v never_o imitate_v other_o without_o judgement_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o many_o mad_a and_o blind_a person_n which_o go_v at_o random_n he_o must_v walk_v aright_o and_o not_o incline_v to_o any_o party_n this_o be_v the_o true_a valour_n moreover_o if_o this_o very_a person_n be_v call_v to_o the_o magistracy_n in_o a_o kingdom_n where_o virtue_n be_v consider_v and_o he_o change_v not_o his_o moral_n how_o great_a soever_o the_o honour_n be_v to_o which_o he_o be_v advance_v if_o he_o there_o preserve_v all_o the_o good_a habit_n which_o he_o have_v when_o only_o a_o private_a man_n if_o he_o permit_v not_o himself_o to_o be_v lead_v away_o with_o pride_n and_o vanity_n this_o man_n be_v true_o valiant_a ah_o how_o great_a be_v this_o valour_n but_o if_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o be_v in_o a_o kingdom_n where_o virtue_n and_o law_n be_v conâ—emned_v and_o that_o in_o the_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n which_o there_o prevail_v he_o himself_o be_v depress_v with_o poverty_n afflict_a reduce_v even_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n but_o yet_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o many_o misery_n he_o remain_v constant_a preserve_v all_o the_o innocency_n of_o his_o manner_n and_o never_o change_v his_o opinion_n ah_o how_o great_a and_o illustrious_a be_v this_o valour_n instead_o therefore_o of_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o southern_a or_o northern_a country_n i_o require_v and_o expect_v from_o you_o my_o dear_a disciple_n a_o valour_n of_o the_o nature_n abovementioned_a behold_v something_o which_o confucius_n speak_v which_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a there_o be_v some_o man_n say_v he_o which_o surpass_v the_o bound_n of_o mediocrity_n by_o affect_v to_o have_v extraordinary_a virtue_n they_o covet_v always_o to_o have_v something_o marvellous_a in_o their_o action_n to_o the_o end_n that_o posterity_n may_v praise_v and_o extol_v they_o certain_o as_o for_o myself_o i_o shall_v never_o be_v enamour_v with_o theâ—e_n glitter_v action_n where_o vanity_n and_o self-love_n have_v ever_o a_o great_a shaâ—e_n than_o virtue_n i_o will_v only_o know_v and_o practice_v what_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v and_o practice_v every_o where_o there_o be_v four_o rule_n according_a to_o which_o the_o perfect_a man_n ought_v to_o square_v himself_o 1._o he_o himself_o ought_v to_o practice_v in_o respect_n of_o his_o father_n what_o he_o require_v from_o his_o son_n 2._o in_o the_o service_n of_o his_o prince_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o show_v the_o â—ame_n fidelity_n which_o he_o demand_v of_o those_o that_o be_v under_o he_o 3_o he_o must_v act_v in_o respect_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o he_o wouâ—d_v that_o his_o young_a brother_n shall_v act_v towards_o he_o 4._o and_o last_o he_o ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o towards_o his_o friend_n as_o he_o desire_v that_o his_o friend_n shall_v carry_v themselves_o to_o he_o the_o perfect_a man_n continual_o acquit_v himself_o of_o these_o duty_n how_o common_a soever_o they_o may_v appear_v if_o he_o happen_v to_o perceive_v that_o he_o have_v do_v amiss_o in_o any_o thing_n he_o be_v not_o at_o rest_n till_o he_o have_v repair_v his_o fault_n if_o he_o find_v that_o he_o have_v omit_v any_o considerable_a duty_n there_o be_v not_o any_o violence_n which_o he_o do_v not_o to_o himself_o perfect_o to_o accomplish_v it_o he_o be_v moderate_a and_o reserve_v in_o his_o discourse_n he_o speak_v with_o
oblige_v friend_n to_o live_v in_o concord_n in_o great_a unity_n and_o mutual_a kindness_n behold_v add_v he_o the_o five_o general_a rule_n which_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o observe_v behold_v as_o it_o be_v the_o five_o public_a road_n by_o which_o man_n ought_v to_o pass_v but_o after_o all_o we_o can_v observe_v these_o rule_n if_o these_o three_o virtue_n be_v want_v prudence_n which_o make_v we_o discern_v good_a from_o evil_a universal_a love_n which_o make_v we_o love_v all_o man_n and_o that_o resolution_n which_o make_v we_o constant_o to_o persevere_v in_o the_o adhesion_n to_o good_a and_o aversion_n to_o evil._n but_o for_o fear_v lest_o some_o fearful_a person_n not_o well_o verse_v in_o morality_n shall_v imagine_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o they_o to_o acquire_v these_o three_o virtue_n he_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o person_n incapable_a of_o acquire_v they_o that_o the_o impotence_n of_o the_o man_n be_v voluâ—tary_a how_o dull_a soever_o a_o man_n be_v shall_v he_o say_v he_o be_v without_o any_o experience_n yet_o if_o he_o desire_v to_o learn_v and_o grow_v not_o weary_a in_o the_o study_n of_o virtue_n he_o be_v not_o very_o far_o from_o prudence_n if_o a_o man_n although_o full_a of_o self-love_n endeavour_n to_o perform_v good_a action_n behold_v he_o already_o very_o near_o that_o universal_a love_n which_o engage_v he_o to_o do_v good_a to_o all_o in_o fine_a if_o a_o man_n feel_v a_o secret_a shame_n when_o he_o hear_v impure_a and_o unchaste_a discourse_n if_o he_o can_v forbear_v blush_v thereat_o he_o be_v not_o far_o from_o that_o resolution_n of_o spirit_n which_o make_v he_o constant_o to_o seek_v after_o good_a and_o to_o have_v a_o aversion_n for_o evil._n after_o that_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n have_v treat_v of_o these_o five_o universal_a rule_n he_o propose_v nine_o particular_a one_o for_o king_n because_o that_o he_o consider_v their_o conduct_n as_o a_o public_a source_n of_o happiness_n or_o misery_n they_o be_v these_o 1._o a_o king_n ought_v incessant_o to_o labour_n to_o adorn_v his_o person_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o virtue_n 2._o he_o ought_v to_o honour_n and_o cherish_v the_o wise_a and_o virtuous_a 3._o he_o ought_v to_o respect_n and_o love_n those_o that_o give_v he_o birth_n 4._o he_o ought_v to_o honour_n and_o esteem_v those_o minister_n that_o distinguish_v themselves_o by_o their_o ability_n and_o those_o which_o exercise_v the_o principal_a office_n of_o the_o magistracy_n 5._o he_o ought_v to_o accommodate_v himself_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o the_o sentiment_n and_o mind_n of_o other_o minister_n and_o as_o for_o those_o that_o have_v less_o considerable_a employ_v he_o ought_v to_o consider_v they_o as_o his_o member_n 6._o he_o ought_v to_o love_v his_o people_n even_o the_o mean_a as_o his_o own_o child_n and_o to_o share_v in_o the_o various_a subject_n of_o joy_n or_o sorrow_n which_o they_o may_v have_v 7._o he_o ought_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a to_o bring_v into_o his_o kingdom_n several_a able_a artificer_n in_o all_o sort_n of_o art_n for_o the_o advantage_n and_o conveniency_n of_o his_o subject_n 8._o he_o ought_v kind_o and_o courteous_o to_o receive_v stranger_n and_o traveller_n and_o full_o to_o protect_v they_o 9_o last_o he_o ought_v tender_o to_o love_v the_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n of_o his_o empire_n and_o so_o hearty_o to_o study_v their_o interest_n that_o they_o may_v love_v he_o and_o be_v ever_o faithful_a to_o he_o right_o to_o understand_v the_o moral_n of_o confucius_n it_o be_v here_o necessary_a to_o speak_v one_o word_n concern_v the_o distinction_n which_o he_o make_v between_o the_o saint_n and_o wise._n to_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o he_o attribute_n certain_a thing_n in_o common_a but_o to_o the_o saint_n he_o give_v some_o quality_n and_o advantage_n which_o he_o say_v that_o the_o wise_a have_v not_o he_o say_v that_o reason_n and_o innocence_n have_v be_v equal_o communicate_v to_o the_o wise_a and_o to_o the_o saint_n and_o likewise_o to_o all_o other_o man_n but_o that_o the_o saint_n have_v never_o in_o the_o least_o decline_v from_o right_a reason_n and_o have_v constant_o preserve_v his_o integrity_n whereas_o the_o wise_a have_v not_o always_o preserve_v it_o have_v not_o always_o follow_v the_o light_n of_o reason_n because_o of_o several_a obstacle_n he_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o virtue_n and_o especial_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o passion_n whereunto_o he_o be_v a_o slave_n so_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o do_v his_o utmost_a that_o he_o use_v great_a pain_n and_o endeavour_n to_o put_v his_o heart_n in_o a_o good_a posture_n and_o to_o govern_v himself_o according_a â—o_o the_o light_n of_o right_a reason_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o virtue_n cusu_n reason_v hereon_o the_o better_a to_o illustrate_v his_o master_n doctrine_n compare_v those_o that_o have_v lose_v their_o first_o integrity_n and_o desire_n to_o regain_v it_o to_o those_o wither_a and_o almost_o dead_a tree_n that_o notwithstanding_o have_v in_o the_o trunk_n and_o root_n a_o certain_a juice_n a_o certain_a principle_n of_o life_n which_o make_v they_o cast_v forth_o shoot_v if_o say_v he_o we_o take_v care_n of_o these_o tree_n if_o we_o cultivate_v they_o water_v they_o and_o prune_n off_o the_o dead_a branch_n it_o will_v happen_v that_o this_o tree_n will_v reassume_a its_o former_a state_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n although_o one_o have_v lose_v his_o first_o integrity_n and_o innocence_n he_o need_v only_o excite_v the_o good_a that_o remain_v use_v pain_n and_o industry_n and_o he_o will_v infallible_o arrive_v at_o the_o high_a virtue_n this_o last_o state_n say_v cusu_n this_o state_n of_o the_o wise_a be_v call_v giantao_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o road_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o man_n or_o rather_o the_o way_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o first_o perfection_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o saint_n be_v call_v tientao_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o reason_n of_o heaven_n or_o the_o first_o rule_n which_o heaven_n have_v equal_o distribute_v to_o all_o man_n and_o which_o the_o saint_n have_v always_o observe_v without_o turn_v either_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o on_o the_o left_a as_o rule_n do_v in_o brief_a contain_v the_o principal_a duty_n and_o that_o we_o may_v easy_o retain_v they_o confucius_n give_v five_o to_o those_o that_o desire_v to_o choose_v the_o good_a and_o adhere_v thereto_o 1._o it_o be_v necessary_a after_o a_o exact_a and_o extensive_a manner_n to_o know_v the_o cause_n property_n and_o difference_n of_o all_o thing_n 2._o because_o that_o among_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v know_v there_o may_v be_v some_o which_o be_v not_o perfect_o know_v it_o be_v necessary_a careful_o to_o examine_v they_o to_o weigh_v they_o minutely_o and_o in_o every_o circumstance_n and_o thereon_o to_o consult_v wise_a intelligent_a and_o experience_a men._n 3._o although_o it_o seem_v that_o we_o clear_o apprehend_v certain_a thing_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o transgress_v through_o precipitancy_n in_o the_o too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o meditate_v afterward_o in_o particular_a on_o the_o thing_n we_o believe_v we_o know_v and_o to_o weigh_v every_o thing_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o reason_n with_o all_o the_o attentiveness_n of_o spirit_n and_o with_o the_o utmost_a exactness_n whereof_o we_o be_v capable_a 4._o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o endeavour_v not_o to_o apprehend_v thing_n after_o a_o confuse_a manner_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v some_o clear_a idea_n thereof_o so_o that_o we_o may_v true_o discern_v the_o good_a from_o the_o bad_a thâ—_n true_a from_o the_o false_a 5._o last_o after_o that_o we_o shall_v have_v observe_v all_o these_o thing_n we_o must_v reduce_v to_o action_n sincere_o and_o constant_o perform_v and_o execute_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o power_n the_o good_a resolution_n which_o we_o have_v take_v we_o can_v better_o conclude_v this_o book_n than_o with_o these_o excellent_a word_n of_o cuâ—u_n take_v heed_n say_v he_o how_o you_o act_n when_o you_o be_v alone_o although_o you_o shall_v be_v retire_v into_o the_o most_o solitary_a and_o most_o private_a place_n of_o thy_o house_n you_o ought_v to_o do_v nothing_o whereof_o you_o will_v be_v ashamed_a if_o you_o be_v in_o company_n or_o in_o public_a have_v you_o a_o desire_n continue_v he_o that_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o after_o what_o manner_n he_o that_o have_v acquire_v some_o perfection_n govern_v himself_o why_o he_o keep_v a_o continual_a watch_n upon_o himself_o he_o undertake_v nothing_o begin_v nothing_o pronounce_v no_o word_n whereon_o he_o have_v not_o meditate_a before_o he_o raise_v any_o motion_n in_o his_o heart_n he_o careful_o observe_v himself_o he_o reflect_v on_o every_o thing_n