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A13572	The strangest aduenture that euer happened: either in the ages passed or present Containing a discourse concerning the successe of the King of Portugall Dom Sebastian, from the time of his voyage into Affricke, when he was lost in the battell against the infidels, in the yeare 1578. vnto the sixt of Ianuary this present 1601. In which discourse, is diuerse curious histories, some auncient prophesies, and other matters, whereby most euidently appeareth: that he whom the Seigneurie of Venice hath held as prisoner for the space of two yeres and twentie two dayes, is the right and true king of Portugall Dom Sebastian. More, a letter that declareth, in what maner he was set at libertie the xv. of December last. And beside, how he parted from Venice and came to Florence. All first done in Spanish, then in French, and novv lastly translated into English.; Adventure admirable, par dessus toutes autres des siecles passez & present. English	Teixeira, José, 1543-1604.; Munday, Anthony, 1553-1633.	1601 (1601)	STC 23864; ESTC S118296	67,947	90

The sentence pronounced he was immediatly set at libertie betweene eleuen and twelue of the clocke in the night Some letters from certaine of Italie speaking in this manner say This was but a boxe of coriander comfites to please the Spaniard withall because he is their neigbour the gazetes affirme the same A French Archbishop resident in those quarters a man of ●es great authoritie and vertue writing in his own language ●ne of his friends dwelling in this citie The Portuguezes saith ●hat were here to demand their King in the end had him knew 〈◊〉 saluted him and caried him hence The first signe of acknow●ement giuen by them was that he had one hand longer then the ●r The Lords of this Seigneury thinke they dealt wisely in wash● their hands of him ●he king went from the Senate without anie suffered to keep ● companie and came all alone to the house of one maister ●unces his ancent host a Greeke by birth with whom he found ●ged two gentlemen Portuguezes Rodrigo Marques and Se●an Figuera These men hauing well beheld and noted him ●t they found him mightily changed and differing from him ●m they saw in Affrick on the battaile day yet they knew him ●ques ran speedily to the lodgings of the Lord Dom Cristo●o and of Dom Iohn de Castro to aduertise them of what had ●ed the king remained in conferēce of Portugal affaires with ●era It was thoght good to remoue the king out of that house ●o lodge him where D. Iohn lay as being more capable and 〈◊〉 publique Then came the Lord Dom Christophero and the ●e Portuguezes that came with him from Rome to see him all the three knew the king Manuel de Brito hauing seen him ●ortugall Pantaleon Pessoa and Frances Antoine hauing like● seene him in Portugal and since then in the day of Affricke ●e Portugueses being thus come to the lodging of D. Iohn with ●m Diego Manuel abode the king in presence of some stran● tooke occasion of speech with them in this manner Portuguezes you haue done a verie great good to your coun●●nd a seruice verie signall to me that am your Lord and king ●re my vastalles and subiects and seeing you haue performed ● you ought both in your respect to God and your owne ob● dutie you shal not find me ingrateful for it I am your father 〈◊〉 you shal be my children Now that I am in your hands I pray 〈◊〉 order your proceedings with discretion because you stand ●d to satisfie such as shalll question you how you know me 〈◊〉 our Lord and king And if you find that I am not he but an ●er chastice me accordingly throw me into the sea There are some amōg you possessed with writings of the marks which I haue on my bodie as well those secret as the other apparant them the father doctor de Sampayo and the Channon brought from Portugall proued authenticall by publique instruments of credite from the Notaries Apostolique I know those instruments to be made iudicially and witnessed by persons of qualitie that nursed me and manie times saw me naked when I was a child Behold I pray you for your owne satisfying whether it be so that I haue al those markes or no. And as he would haue vnclothed himself to be more perfectly knowne to them the Portug●●zes would not suffer him but desired that he would discourse to them some matter of his aduentures Whereto he replied that he would therein resolue them an other time in meane while he requested them to pleasure him so much as to tell him some newes of his friends and countrie Herevpon he began to enquire of Dom Iohn de Castro concerning his brethren his vncles and other kinred of Dom Christophero for his brother Dom Emanuel And after he had conferred a long while with him well considering and noting his face and countenance You resemble very much Dom Antonio your father quoth he to him but I pray God giue you grace to resemble in deedes your Grandfather the infant Dom Lewes Duke of Beja Here we haue manie things worthie Sir to speake of and let me tell you that this king neuer loued some actions of the Lord Dom Antonio who was cousin germaine to his father the Prince D. Iohn because he was a man addicted to women loftie somewhat vnquiet and he had demaunded of the Queene D. Catharine and of the Cardinal D. Henriques brother to his grandfather the king D. Iohn and to the infant D. Lewes father to Antonio somewhat that they would not giue him as finding they were not so much beholding to him Some few daies before he departed on his Affrick voyage in verie much choler he had some sharp and rough speech with Dom Antonio and thereupon the said Lord was not shipped in the same Gallion with the king but in that of Dom Alphonso de Portugall Earle of Vimieuse father to D. Frances de Portugall who came into France with the title of Constable to whom he was a verie great friend So much for the Lord Dom Antonio and so much likewise for the infant whom D. Sebastian neuer knew for when he died in the end of the ● 1555. Sebastian was but two yeeres olde he was a Prince great in vertue and wisedome of whom Duarte Nunes de ● albeit in the booke he writ against me he speakes euill of al ●of him he saies well enough This infant was a Prince verie ●tie valiant practised in the art militarie addicted to armes ●xcellent horseman loued hunting and the Mathematiques ●y religious And being endued with so manie rare and heroi●●ertues the Princes and councell of the Realme of England ●ested and made choise of him to ioyne in mariage with ●ry their Queene to reigne with her ouer them In summe infant was so wise discreete and skilfull as anie prince ●d not bee accomplished with better partes For this ● Sebastian although he knew him not but by fame only yet ●spected his name greatly loued and made reckening of his ●ns ●ow your Lordship may consider how proper these wordes ●o the King Dom Sebastian After two and twentie yeeres and ●e he discouered in publique what he had kept hidden in his ●e breast and which could not be manifested by anie other 〈◊〉 by himselfe onely because God alone knowes the inward ●ghts of men He hath made knowne to diuers the markes of ●nds receiued on his head in the battaile of Affricke causing 〈◊〉 to put their fingers therein and to them shewed beside the 〈◊〉 signes naturally caractered on his bodie Thus spēt he about ●e houres space wirh the said Portuguezes demanding diuers ●ers of them shewing himselfe so familiar and friendly as he ●cted each of them verie choicely and louingly But yet he ●ot off the cariage of royall maiestie which seemed in him ●esse then if he were sitting in his seate of iustice with the ●ne on his head and scepter in his hand in the citie of Lis● Afterward when euerie one was

THE STRANGEST ADVENTVRE THAT EVER HAPPENED EITHER in the ages passed or present Containing a discourse concerning the successe of the King of Portugall Dom Sebastian from the time of his voyage into 〈…〉 battell against the 〈…〉 vnto the sixt of 〈…〉 1601. In which Discourse is diuerse curious histories some auncient Prophesies and other matters whereby most euidently appeareth that he whom the Seigneurie of Venice hath held as prisoner for the space of two yeres and twentie two dayes is the right and true king of Portugall Dom Sebastian More a Letter that declareth in what maner he was set at libertie the IV. of December last And beside how he parted from Venice and came to Florence All first done in Spanish then in French and novv lastly translated into English PSAL. CXVII By the Lord is this thing done and it is miraculous in our eyes LONDON Printed for Frances Henson dwelling in the Black-Friers 1601. TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE VVILLIAM RIder Lord Maior of this famous Citie of London and to all the rest of the worshipfull Senatours and Aldermen his brethren particularly by name as bound by some fauours Sir Stephen Soame knight M. Iohn Garrard Alderman with the two worshipfull Sheriffes M. Cambell and M. Crauen THe translation of this straunge and admirable discourse right Honorable and right Worshipfull being committed to my trust and I finding it in the French to bee commended from Venice to the most Christian King of France as a matter of truth and absolute assurance lest in his English attire he should wander vnregarded through the wor● I was the bolder in loue and humble dutie to ●o● 〈◊〉 generall to make your names and titles the 〈◊〉 ●nance to his free passage the same hauing bene● 〈◊〉 before and sufficiently authorised To tell yo● 〈◊〉 poore opinion of it were needlesse because the m● sufficiently commends it selfe and in reading it 〈◊〉 satisfie anie curious questioner Onely my humble 〈◊〉 ●uest is that my boldnesse to you may be held blame●esse and my poore goodwill accepted but in indiffe●t worth So shal I rest yours in anie greater employment and remaine readie at all times with my verie vttermost seruice Your Honours and Worships in all dutie A. M. To the Reader IN the end of the moneth of August last past gentle Reader I receiued a packet of Letters ●n the Italian tongue wherein one was written in fa●●● of the king of Portugal Dom Sebastian who was as then said to be prisoner in Venice This letter was directed to the most Christian king and I caried it with all possible diligence I could vse and caused it to be deliuered to his Maiestie In the same packet there was also a further traduction of the same letter which hauing thus happened to my hands I acquainted diuerse of my friends therewith who made such reckening and esteeme thereof as it were a matter beyond all other most rare and maruellous This letter was of such power as it prouoked and kindled in the hearts of my said friends an extreme loue and affection towards the Prince and begot in them likewise a vehement desire to see him in libertie and peaceable possession of his kingdome as if themselues had bene subiects thereto belonging So referring that to such as were more obliged by dutie and had more particular interest in such businesse after the receipt of this leeter I laboured all I might to vnderstand some tydings of his estate and successe Hauing then learned that a Religious man of the order of the preaching Friers named brother Ioseph Texere a Portuguese one knowne to the greatest and meanest in Europe as also here very well had writtē to this Citie to a Bishop a friend of his a discourse of matters happening since the said king began to enterprise his Affricke voyage I so much importuned a nephew to the sayd Bishop who kept this discourse in his hands to send to his vncle as no excuses might serue from transferring it to mine The reading thereof was to me so pleasing and agreeable as both it encouraged and cut off all supposition of labour in the speedie writing and copying it out Hauing by this meanes this version in mine owne power I thought I should commit an inexcusable fault if I should reserue to my proper vse such a strange accident and worthy regard Hereupon attending could get conuenient oportunity to the end that euery one might 〈◊〉 the excellent occasions contained in this discourse I concluded ●mit it to the presse accompanied with a letter of the sayd ●s written by him since the sending of the Discourse to the same 〈◊〉 and wherewith it pleased his Lordship to acquaint me Thou 〈◊〉 find courteous Reader at the beginning of this discourse a ●lation of the letter written to his most Christian Maiestie 〈◊〉 is annexed hereunto because it containes some points that are 〈◊〉 subiect of this worke and which deserue both to be seene and 〈◊〉 And ere thou enter into it be not abashed at the title we haue 〈◊〉 it for so soone as thou hast but stept a litle into it thou wilt ●e it to be most apt and conuenable Now because I would con● I intreat thee not onely gently to make acceptance hereof but ●end in all parts and places the right of a king whom God and ●e hath endued with infinite graces wise valiant good iust 〈◊〉 though lost in a cause no lesse honorable then Christian Farewell From Lyons this 30. of Ianuarie 1601. The copie of a Letter written by a Venetian Gentleman to his most Christian Maiesty translated out of Italian into French and out of French into English To the most Christian King Henry the fourth King of Fraunce and Nauarre THat great God whose iudgements are alwayes diuerse and contrary to ours disposeth and ordereth al things on earth by different meanes not being comprehensible to our capacities and no body but himselfe can attaine to any certaine knowledge of their issues and effects But as he is full of soueraigne goodnesse of infinite wisedome and admirable prouidence he knowes how to draw good out of euill exalting and raising vp those things which the ignorant world taxes in his imaginations with titles base and abiect That this is most infallible none knowes or hath better approoued then your most Christian Maiestie whose enemies bred and borne in your owne proper kingdome being your liege people vassals and subiects accompanied with strange and forreine aduersaries most vniustly trauersing and persecuting you till you obtained that whereto God and nature had ordained you Neuerthelesse by the assistance of the same God albeit to further effect the better their damnable intentions they tooke the couerture and pretext of Religion your Maiestie did manage those affaires with such wisedome and speed as entring into the whole and lawfull possession of the kingdome their owne eyes could witnesse the vanitie of their pretences and how ill shaped the cloke was that ●id their loose purposes So that the

same difficultie which serued them as their principall obiect to abuse the world withall being broken and disappointed stopt the mouth of their reasons alleaged and wasting their forces and strength held their noses to the ground till they came to knowledge of their owne errors although somewhat too late And much more late had they bene in finding remedie if your most Christian Maiestie moued by your owne ●ind nature and accustomed benignitie had not receiued them ●to grace and fauour So that hence them selues may discerne ●oth what I haue before nowe againe say that the iudgements ●f God are diuerse contrarie to mens who seldome attaine to ●ny perfect accomplishment of their plots and imaginations Nor ●ake I so long a preamble most Christian king to any other ●nd but to serue my selfe with that which I finde fit in my verie ●ule as standing some way bound to speake to your Maiestie in ●uour of the poore and vnfortunate neuerthelesse most happie ●ne day when God shall so please Dom Sebastian the true and ●wfull king of Portugal And to this attempt I bind my selfe the ●ther through the malice of some who for the interest of their e●ate onely giue it out in the world and it may be likewise before ●our Maiestie that he is but a sillie foolish Calabrois Wherefore ●ntend by this my letter to make knowne to your Highnesse the ●uth of the matter that when he shall come to the acquaintance 〈◊〉 a king a king so Christian and magnanimous as your Maiestie 〈◊〉 one not to learne what it is to suffer outragious persecutions ●osses and iniustices it may be a meanes to vrge assistaunce to a ●ore prisoned king who desiring this illustrious Seigneurie to ●t him but be seene to such Portegueses as were in this Citie for ●knowledgement of some secret markes which he had naturally ●aractered on his body it might by no meanes be so permitted ●ither he shewed to the world in any sort At length there came ●her a Gentleman of qualitie a Portugueze that brought the ●me markes proued as authenticall vnder the hands of the pub●e Notaries and Peeres of Portugal but the honorable Lords of ●s Estate were resolute not to let him see him albeit the prisoner ●de this protestation ensuing to them You say my Lords that ●m not Sebastian king of Portugal let me be seene to my Portu●eses yea to all the world and if you find that I am not such as I ●intaine my selfe to be let my head be smitten of Vpon which words I thought good to signifie to your most ●ristian Maiestie some particularities touching the prisoner He ●h the same shape the same hands and feete to wit the right ●re long then the left he beares the same age the same markes ●d gate with the knees bowing inward as Dom Sebastians king 〈◊〉 Portugal did Whereby of diuerse in this citie and other places he hath bene knowne for they accompanied in his voyage to Affricke and had seene him in his kingdome with whom discoursing he put them in mind of sundrie particulars which they had had as then together and were impossible that any other but the King himselfe should know Of all which particular notes I most humbly intreat your Maiestie to heare onely but two There is a merchant here who some fiue and twentie yeres since was wont to trade into Portugall this man being at Lisbon before king Sebastian passed into Affrick mark what befell him As he was vpon the sea shoare stopping his shippe that had receiued a leake he saw a farre off the King comming making a goodly horse wheron he rid to mount and coruet very sprightly vnder him and he not knowing him to be the King this beast quoth he what will he breake his owne necke The King and others of the traine hearing these words gallopped the horse so mainely toward the merchant and made him in such a fearefull taking as the poore man verily thought he should loose his life But when he knew him to be the King he fell to the ground and weeping on his knees desired pardon for he feared lest his lauish tongue might haue made him to be trussed vp The King as he was euer full of clemencie commaunded him to stand vp intreating him verie honorably and bestowing sundrie fauours vpon him Sebastian seeing the same merchant here in our citie before he was arrested as a prisoner demaunded of him vnasked if he remembred such a matter and so acknowledging the one the other diuerse things passed betweene them which happened at that present occasion Moreouer this King I would say this prisoner when he was at Messina knowing that there dwelt a gentleman of a verie famous familie who had accompanied him in his voyage to Affricke he went and found out his house and vpon some priuate passages betweene them they kindly renewed their former acquaintance Besides since his arriuall here in our citie and before his imprisonment he writ diuerse letters to the said gentleman and receiued likewise letters backe againe from him And by his expresse meanes was a man and letters sent into Portugall to sundrie faithfull Lords of that kingdome but we heare that this man so sent to Portugall died in those parts but vnknowne how ●●ter he had deliuered all or the most part of his letters Notwith●anding as afflictions and miseries alters mens minds making ●em forget or lay aside all kindnesse and friendship euen so this ●entleman toucht in this case and to become a subiect to the ●ng of Castile hearing Sebastian was held as a prisoner gaue o●er and left off all former acquaintance But I most humbly in●eat your Maiestie that in this case you would not stand aloofe ●t beholding the occurrences of this vnhappie King though prisoner yet passing in such sound forme of truth that you ●ould interpose your authoritie and manage this waighty cause ●ith such diligence and dexteritie as your Highnesse hath here●fore giuen accomplishment to affaires much more hote and ●fficult wherein you shall do a worke worthie the name of a ●odly and most Christian King and for which I pray the omni●otent Creator to crowne your Maiestie with perpetuall glorie ●d felicitie From Venice this 28. of Iuly M.D.C. The most humble and affectionate seruant in duty to your Maiestie most Christian GIOVANNE CAPVGNANO The Copie of a Discourse concerning the successe of Dom Sebastian King of Portugall since he began his enterprised voyage into Affricke vntill the sixt of Ianuarie this present yeare 1601. Sent by the reuerend Father brother Ioseph Texere Portugueze to a Bishop his friend More a letter of the said Fathers to the same Bishop wherein he declares how the Venetians deliuered out of prison the sayd King of Portugall Dom Sebastian MOST worthie Lord post habitam benedictionem I receiued foure letters from your most worthie Lordship since the end of September hitherto with this last which was deliuered me the two and twentieth of the passed moneth

himselfe flatly foyled in the field and out of all hope of making head any more fled to Morocco whence he passed to the mountaines called Montes Claros and by this retraite Muley Maluco made himselfe sole Lord of Barbary By this historie is apparantly to be seene with what small helpe a man may game those kingdomes whereto he hath any right In like manner and with much more ease may king Sebastian recouer his because it appertaines to no other but him for he is true Lord and King thereof From the mountaines Muley Mahamet sent his Embassadors to the king Dom Sebastian and desired succour at his hands making him such large offers as were very profitable and greatly for the aduantage of Christendome He gaue him as I haue learned from diuerse credible persons all the shoares which he held on the Ocean sea and sixe leagues into firme land with the townes and cities thereto belonging among which were the cities of Arzile Saphin Larache all very strong places of great importance Some say that he gaue him the abounding Alcacarquibir Tituan and other places more he caused in the field a plaine deliuerie of Arzile to be made by Cid Albequerin brother to his wife who was the gouernour of the sayd city And granted him moreouer that the faith of Iesus Christ should be preached in Barbarie and full power to crowne himselfe Emperour of Morocco This was the reason that made the King Dom Sebastian lo●ke vp his crowne which the Kings his predecessours and himselfe euen vntill that time had openly worne I saw that Crowne lockt vp into peeces of Artillerie which were newly and purposely made for that voyage in like maner I saw the Banners Standards and the ships vnder saile for that armie And I know that the king Dom Sebastian tooke with him an vnkle of mine my mothers brother who was iudge of the Armories in the kingdomes of Portugall to serue him as maister of those ceremonies which were to be vsed in the act of his coronation as Emperour The king Dom Sebastian seeing so great offers and being a Prince of the loftiest enterprises desirous to winne honour and such reputation as should wait on due merit knowing what vertues consisted in himselfe accompanied with such forces couragious fearelesse hardie actiue ●nd presuming in himselfe that he onely was borne to breake downe and squander the infidelles impieties accepted the conditions that were made vnto him And thus iustly deserued the sinnes of Portugall that he should put his person in daunger of losse his kingdomes and Monarchie in the ballance as a pray to strange nations Hence may your worthinesse gather what you desire to know out of the first demand An answere to the second demaund I answere to the second demaund negatiuely that king Sebastian did not die in the battell and that the body which was buried in Bethlehem was none of his But before by manifest reasons I approue my sayings let me intreate your sacred fatherhood to vnderstand that when he began to make his preparation for this voyage I was then a man of yeares and in some authority which admit as spoken betweene our selues because that which oftentimes contenteth friends displeaseth and raiseth a repining nature in such as are not so When he parted from Lisbone to passe into affricke being the yeare 1578. and in the moneth of Iune I was in the 35. yeare of mine age and had the vse of very honorable charges gouerning some couents of mine order and had preached in diuerse places of Portugall with applause and satisfaction of mine auditors The same yeare I was in Lent called from my couent at Santeren where I then aboade to Lisbone by Dom Alphonso de Chasteaublan● chiefe Almoner to the king and Commissary generall of the Bull for the Croisade to preach in the townes of Esbernos Borba Villaricosa Landroal Terena Moncaras Moran Mora and Portel and I was enrolled in the register of them who were appointed to accompany the king in his present voyage which could not by my selfe be performed because my Prelates that had commaund ouer me had consigned me to the gouernement of the Couent of Santeren which is the fourth of our order and the chiefest in Portugall because the Priour there ruling began to find himselfe not well and had accōplished his three yeares iurisdiction in which respect my Prelates prayed the king to pardon me from bearing him company in his purposed voyage and at their requests it was obtained Thus I stayed at home although against my will in Portugal without passing into Affricke I hold the rather this kind of discoursing with your Lordship because you may the better perceiue that I had yeares and authority as before I declared sufficient to know great men and what belonged to state affaires The king parted from Lisbone taking with him about thirty religious persons of my order to whom he bare very kind affection and reposed trust inough in them for he vsed to call them his brethren One of their number was our Prouinciall of Portugal who commanded the orders through all the gouernement of the kingdome and as well in Europe as in Affricke Asia and America named brother Iohn de Silue graund-child or sonne to the Gouernour of Portugal brother to the Bishop of the city called the Port of Portugall and to Fernand de Silue who at that very time was Embassador into Castile brother Manuell de Bosa brother Vincent Afonseca and other religious men of very good discent There was also mine vnckle Manuell Texere of whom I made mention in my first answere a brother of mine likewise called brother Diego Cardose de Mirande that maried with a sister of mine and diuers others of my kindred King Sebastian hauing ioyned with his army in Affricke at the city of Arzile and leauing Larache was gone toward the city of Alcacarquibir there in the field thereto belonging he put his men in order the fourth of the moneth of August When the heauy newes was brought to Portugal and that I had intelligence therof because of the intrest I had in the iourney I was constrained to go to Lisbone being fourteene leagues distant from Santeren to vnderstand whether they were true or no. Where arriuing the 25. of the sayd moneth I met with mine vnckle who was the selfe same day returned from Affricke He by commandement of the Generall of the army that remained behind as Lieutenant generall for the king had brought thither with him vnto Lisbone Cid Albequerin and his nephew the young Xarifa sonne to his sister and Muley Mahamet Xarifa which young Xarifa is now a Christian and liues in Spaine bearing the title of the Prince of Morocco and is commander of the order of Saint Iames a Prince of many excellent partes and singular hope Being thus with mine vncle he told me that king Sebastian withdrew himselfe from the battell embarqued in his Galliot but for certaintie that he was aliue If I would know

I speake of the king Dom Sebastian I iustifie him not to be dead and that the bodie which was buried in Bethlehem as his was the bodie of a Swizzer In the said yeare because it was so long since the matter had past I held it as no inconuenience to speake the contrarie to what I had said before wherefore I intreat that this may serue as an answere and satisfaction to the alleaged argument As for the bodie worthie sir whether it were his or no I say once again that it was not that the body buried in Bethlehem in the moneth of Ianuarie 1583. I then being prisoner in Lisbon with 40. pound waight of yron on my feete by the commaundement of D. Philip II. king of Castile was the bodie of a Swizzer for so the Portuguezes commonly called him They that visited me in prison the number was but small but they were people of great authoritie mockt such as said it was the bodie of Dom Sebastian and often spake thus to me Oh happie Swizzer to haue thy bodie buried with so much honou● fa●g and solemne pompe King Philip dealt herein very industriously as well by thrusting a dead man into the mouthes of the Portuguezes who ●ustified their king to be liuing as also thereby to deceiue others who knowing litle or nothing herein might the better be em●oldened in following his course Our king worthie Lord is liuing according to the newes that we haue of him which are correspondent to sundrie prophecies whereto in times past albeit that I hold it as most assured that my Lord and King could not be dead and that the bodie which king Philip caused to be brought from Affricke and enterred at Bethlehem was the body of a Swizzer though they came neither from a Dauid nor an Esay nor a Daniell or any like Prophet yet no man at all but would giue both faith and credit to them If herein I deceiue my selfe I desire that my infirmitie may be pardoned confessing that much more grea● is the desire I haue to see so straunge a maruell in my time then any hope I haue at all of accomplishmēt of those Prophecies which your holy fatherhood may behold in the discourse annexed to the end of this answere and that discourse the reuerend Father Doctor Sampayo intituled Diuinum Oraculum c. To prooue that that bodie was not the bodie of our king Dom Sebastian 〈◊〉 sufficeth to know that many saw him liuing who at this very day are dwelling foure fiue and sixe leagues distant from the field of battell Moreouer I remember that being by Gods grace escaped from the rigorous imprisonment wherein I was conferring of this matter with some religious persons of my Order who had endured bondage and slauerie they all told me that the king Dom Sebastian was in Barbarie with the Arabes and liued in the mountaines And I call to mind that as the reuerend Father brother Thomas Sequera Superiour of Ebora and my auncient friend came to visite me I saying to him that I was much bound to Father Vincent of Aphonseca who was then Archbishop of Goa for the kind fauours he had done me during my captiuitie he answered me If brother Vincent shewed himselfe courteous to your fatherhoode I beleeue he did it because he was your kinsman as indeed he was but very farre off not in respect he was any good Portugueze Vnderstand my worthie Lord that this man was a very cunning craftie Spaniard and was one of them we sent for Barbarie He was so bad a man and of so vile a conscience that he durst maintaine for certaintie that the bodie of a Swizzer was the very true bodie of our king Dom Sebastian when all other else affirmed the contrarie He lies buried in Bethlehem by commaundement of the King of Castile but I trust in God that one day a king shall come into Portugal who shall disinterre him out of Bethlehem and send him to be buried in the Escuriall This brother Vincent of Afonseca when the king of Castile began to recompence the seruices of some of his partakers but scarce faithfull friends to their owne countrie was made Archbishop of Goa which is Primate of all the East Indies and D. Edward de Meneses Viceroy of the said Indies Moreouer the Portuguezes did so certainly assure themselues of their king Dom Sebastians life that a Portugall Mason was so bold as to publish himselfe to be the said king Dom Sebastian and found in the action very many followers who went with him straight to Lisbon and if he had entred the euen of S. Iohn Baptist he had bene receiued in seate of the same king Dom Sebastian But being badly councelled he lodged that night a league off the citie whither sallied foorth diuerse Castilian souldies and good store of Portuguezes that knew him to be a meere seducer Whereupon being forsaken of his associates that followed him like vnarmed fooles he was taken and hanged and caused diuers others to be hanged likewise of royall authoritie among whom to his owne great ill hap was a President hanged Likewise in a certaine Prouince of Portugall called Beyra a poore Portugueze of meane condition gaue out himselfe to be the King Dom Sebastian and this was deliuered for a matter so true and confident as the Cardinall of Austria who at this day is Archduke and earle of Flaunders being Viceroy in Portugall determined to withdraw himselfe thence into Castile Neuerthelesse following the counsell of the fiue Gouernours of Portugall who gouerned the kingdome conioyntly with him he sent to Captaine Gil de Mesa who now is one of the gentlemen of the chamber to the most christian King that he should go with his companie of two hundred men and to take the man there and bring him thither with all honour and reuerence because if he chaunced to be that man he named himselfe to be he would redeliuer into his hands the scepter and the Crowne belonging to the Portugall Kings and their kingdomes Gil de Mesa went on his iourney and arriuing in the Prouince of Beyra came to the towne of Penamacor and finding the man tooke him very easily and brought him along with him to Lisbon where being knowne for an impostor he was publickely whipped with rods and after sent to the gallies he was liuing still not many yeares since and euerie one called him sober Sebastian He was not hanged because in his triall he could not be charged with any other crime then this which was but of his owne inuention Lastly we know that in Spaine a Cooke or Pye-baker of Madrigall made himselfe to be held for the king Sebastian and in secret caused it so to be giuen foorth but afterward as each of this false opinion had found before he was knowne to be an abuser and for he had committed other very hainous offences was executed according to iustice These examples do witnesse perfectly to our eyes that since the losse of their king

an vnity together rent forth of his hands whatsoeuer he had insulted on and chased him out of the kingdome after they had ouerthrowne him in the battell of Aljibarota albeit he had in his army foure and thirty thousand men and they were but 7. thousand onely afterward they gaue him defiance againe at Valverde at Trancoso and elsewhere as is to be seene in our histories if your reuerend selfe but please to reade you shall there find it agreeing with my words and in pursuite they gaue him law at their owne pleasure as anon we shall tell you more in this answere Thus we may easily perceiue that it consists not in the strengh of the king Catholicke Dom Philip both to guard Portugall and keepe all the kingdome thereof vnder bridle though he assembled all Spaine and all his other commaund Wherefore I am of the mind most worthy Lord that so soone as his Maiesty Catholicke is giuen to vnderstand how that the King Dom Sebastian is come into Fraunce he will immediatly send his Embassadours to him and offer him the reintegration of his realme in quiet swept cleane already of corne and chaffe as much as to say as without pretending any thing to him but loue and kindnesse And I thinke his Councel wil therto aduise him if they haue any feare of God if they be wise discreet or friends to the seruice welfare of their king For if king Sebastian come with strong hand to the restauration of Portugall no way can hinder him the entrance of Portugall then into Castile and from thence through all Sapine whereby he will bring Dom Philip into such distresse as doubtlesse he will go neare to make ruine of all And when he shall come to vrge his agreement Dom Sebastian not onely will bind him to pay all his dispence domages and wrongs endured by occasion of the warre but likewise to restore him those reuenues and profits which the king his father and himselfe haue hald out of Portugall for the space of more then twenty yeares which will amount to more then forty millions Nay that which is more to destroy him and be gratefull to his friends and them that aided him in the recouerie of his kingdome he will constraine him to render the realme of Nauarre to the king most Christian that of Aragon to the Duke of Lorraine those of Naples and Sicilie to his holinesse and likewise to the other Princes of Europe all that he hath held from them perforce for the flower they are in comming to peace and concord the swifter ensues the great losse and mishap of Spaine This which I say reuerend Sir is not in bare and simple words onely nor shall this be the first time that Portugall hath taught law to Castile such as are pleased in reading histories shall find this very true and of many that we might report and set downe in account we will alleadge but onely one Dom Peter King of Castile sirnamed the cruell who was slaine by his bastard brother that came to raigne afterward and named himselfe Henry the II. left two daughters the first called Constance the second Isabel wife to Edmond of Langley brother to Iohn of Gaunt the husband to the elder daughter Constance of whom was borne a daughter named Catharine The sayd Iohn of Gaunt in the regard of his wife Constance qualified the king of Castile and Leon and made his direct passage from Gascoigne which then was in the rule of the English into Spaine with eighteene thousand foote and two thousand horse and tooke the Groigne with the ayde of Iohn the bastard elected King of Portugall receiued sworne confirmed and obeyed by the Portuguezes who were to him very good friends Thence he went on to Portugall whence he entred into Castile and so on to the City of Burgos distant from the place where he parted more then twentie sixe leagues tooke it at his arriuall and made himselfe maister of all the cities townes and castles he came to moreouer they that were further off came and for feare submitted themselues And easily had he attained to a larger aduantage but that his men died who through their neglect in ordering thēselues and small prouidence in good husbandry were ouertaken by famine whereon a pestilence ensued among thē and they were brought to such scarsity of victuals as they were forced to run to the enemies campe which was vnder the guide of Lewes Duke of Bourbon who in fauor of king Iohn of Castile came thither well accōpanied with the Frēch to request wherewithal to saue their liues Which the sayd Iohn of Portugall beholding complained to the Duke saying that it was not good for his souldiers to treate with the enemy affirming that they would cause more preiudice then all the other therefore he should repeale them presently forbid all community of speech with the contrary part Otherwise when they should enter fight all would by the edge of the sword be destroyed the one in regard of loue to the other Thomas Walsingham an English historian deliuers it in the selfe same termes and sayth that the king of Portugall had with him foure thousand Portuguezes and all of them very well armed Within few dayes after certaine Embassadors sent by the king of Castile came to the Duke desiring peace of him in all humility to whom the Duke wold giue no audience Notwithstanding the hunger pestilēce did enforce him to withdraw thēce into Portugall to the towne of Trancoso whither they came againe seeking to him being sent the second time from the said Iohn king of Castile to vrge once more the same request shewing the Duke by many reasons the great profit might be drawne out of a kind peace betweene them The Duke then gaue them the hearing condiscended to their demand although it was greatly against his will chiefly because he heard that the king hf Portugall was willing thereto and then being touched therein by a more effectuall cause namely the intelligēce of the troubles beginning in France among the French and English and some seditions at home in England all which shewed him that he could draw no fresh supplies thence because that there seemed to be greater need and the mortality in his army did most of all require it The accord betweene the King and the Duke was made in this manner That Henrie eldest sonne to King Iohn named Prince of Castile should espouse Catherine the onely daughter of the sayd Duke Iohn of Gaunt and Constance his wife and should succeed in the kingdomes of Castile Leon and other Seigneuries that the king should endowe the mother and daughter and so he did giuing to the mother the citie of Guadalajata Medina del Campo and Olmiedo afterward being with her in the sayd Medina he gaue her likewise Hueta To the daughter he gaue the Esturies creating and naming her Princesse and his sonne Prince thereof So from thence forward the eldest sonne euer bare the