Selected quad for the lemma: friend_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
friend_n	army_n	king_n	time_n	955	5	3.4241	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A89620	Bellum Tartaricum, or The conquest of the great and most renowned empire of China, by the invasion of the Tartars, who in these last seven years, have wholy subdued that vast empire. Together with a map of the provinces, and chief cities of the countries, for the better understanding of the story. / Written originally in Latine by Martin Martinius, present in the country at most of the passages herein related, and now faithfully translated into English.; De bello Tartarico historia. English	Martini, Martino, 1614-1661.	1654 (1654)	Wing M858; Thomason E1499_2; ESTC R208642	67,043	251

whereupon_o depose_v the_o person_n of_o a_o thief_n he_o become_v a_o general_n and_o with_o a_o bold_a attempt_n presume_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o have_v wage_v many_o war_n against_o they_o obtain_v many_o singular_a victory_n so_o as_o in_o the_o year_n 1368._o he_o final_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n receive_v for_o so_o memorable_a a_o action_n the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n as_o a_o worthy_a reward_n of_o his_o heroical_a action_n it_o be_v he_o first_o erect_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o taiminge_n and_o be_v he_o be_v the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o race_n style_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o hunguus_fw-la which_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o famous_a warrior_n after_o such_o a_o illustrious_a action_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o all_o the_o province_n submit_v to_o he_o both_o as_o to_o one_o that_o be_v a_o native_a of_o their_o country_n and_o also_o because_o they_o look_v on_o he_o as_o a_o man_n who_o have_v redeem_v they_o from_o thraldom_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n of_o china_n to_o love_n and_o esteem_v their_o own_o as_o much_o as_o they_o hate_v and_o vilify_v stranger_n wherefore_o he_o first_o place_v his_o court_n at_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n which_o the_o chineses_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o huge_a mountain_n of_o water_n which_o it_o discharge_v into_o the_o ocean_n call_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v speedy_o order_v and_o establish_v that_o empire_n fear_v no_o insurrection_n from_o these_o new_a redeem_a creature_n he_o be_v not_o content_v to_o have_v chase_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n but_o he_o make_v a_o irruption_n into_o tartary_n itself_o and_o so_o follow_v the_o point_n of_o his_o victory_n as_o that_o he_o rout_v they_o several_a time_n waste_v all_o their_o territory_n and_o final_o bring_v the_o oriental_a tartar_n to_o such_o strait_n as_o he_o force_v they_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o even_o beg_v a_o ignominious_a peace_n this_o storm_n of_o war_n fall_v chief_o on_o the_o tartar_n of_o the_o province_n of_o niuche_n whither_o the_o tartar_n of_o china_n be_v expel_v be_v retire_v and_o those_o tartar_n every_o year_n either_o as_o subject_n or_o friend_n come_v into_o china_n by_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_a to_o traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o be_v bring_v to_o poverty_n and_o misery_n they_o think_v no_o more_o of_o make_v war_n against_o china_n the_o merchandise_n they_o bring_v be_v several_a as_o the_o root_n call_v ginsem_n so_o much_o esteem_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o precious_a skin_n as_o those_o of_o castor_n martais_fw-fr &_o zibellens_n and_o also_o horsehair_n of_o which_o the_o chineses_n make_v their_o net_n and_o the_o man_n though_o mad_o use_v it_o in_o tie_v up_o their_o hair_n as_o the_o handsome_a dress_n they_o can_v appear_v in_o but_o those_o tartar_n multiply_v so_o fast_o as_o they_o grow_v quick_o into_o seven_o government_n which_o they_o call_v horde_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v into_o seven_o lordship_n and_o these_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o at_o length_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n mdl_o come_v to_o erect_v a_o kingdom_n which_o they_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o niuche_n thus_o stand_v china_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o eastern_a tartar_n but_o to_o the_o western_a tartar_n they_o pay_v tribute_n mask_v under_o the_o title_n of_o present_n that_o they_o may_v desist_v from_o war_n for_o the_o chineses_n esteem_v it_o very_o unhansom_a to_o make_v war_n against_o any_o if_o by_o any_o other_o mean_v their_o country_n can_v be_v conserve_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n be_v teach_v this_o by_o their_o philosopher_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v over_o jealous_a of_o the_o enemy_n to_o their_o ancient_a riches_n tartar_n a_o great_a garrison_n upon_o the_o wall_n against_o the_o tartar_n they_o never_o leave_v that_o great_a wall_n which_o extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n without_o a_o million_o of_o sorelgers_n to_o guard_v it_o therefore_o this_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v thus_o establish_v in_o the_o taimingian_n family_n china_n a_o long_a peace_n in_o china_n enjoy_v a_o constant_a peace_n and_o quietness_n for_o ccl_o year_n and_o whilst_o the_o seven_o lord_n or_o governor_n make_v civil_a war_n that_o renown_a emperor_n of_o china_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vanley_n be_v the_o thirteen_o emperor_n of_o taiminge_n family_n govern_v happy_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n from_o the_o year_n 1573._o to_o the_o year_n 1620._o with_o as_o much_o prudence_n as_o justice_n and_o equity_n but_o in_o this_o time_n the_o tartar_n of_o niuche_n have_v so_o multiply_v and_o spread_v themselves_o china_n the_o tartar_n think_v of_o invade_v china_n as_o that_o be_v incorporate_v into_o a_o kingdom_n they_o become_v daily_o more_o formidable_a to_o china_n and_o therefore_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o border_a country_n consult_v private_o among_o themselves_o how_o they_o may_v curb_v and_o restrain_v these_o people_n within_o their_o limit_n for_o their_o governor_n have_v so_o much_o power_n and_o authority_n that_o although_o they_o live_v as_o slave_n to_o their_o prince_n yet_o when_o there_o be_v question_n of_o a_o common_a and_o public_a good_a they_o govern_v absolute_o and_o uncontrollable_o unless_o by_o some_o high_a power_n their_o order_n be_v restrain_v first_o therefore_o the_o prefect_n or_o governor_n war_n the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o tartarian_a war_n do_v abuse_v the_o merchant_n tartar_n of_o niuche_n when_o they_o come_v into_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o province_n confine_v next_o to_o they_o cause_n the_o second_o cause_n then_o again_o when_o the_o king_n of_o niuche_n will_v have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o another_o king_n of_o the_o tartar_n they_o hinder_v this_o marriage_n by_o represent_v some_o pretend_a reason_n of_o state_n cause_n the_o three_o cause_n and_o final_o when_o the_o king_n of_o niuche_n suspect_v nothing_o from_o they_o he_o conceive_v his_o friend_n they_o take_v he_o by_o deceit_n and_o kill_v he_o perfidious_o wherefore_o to_o revenge_v these_o injury_n china_n the_o first_o irruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n into_o china_n the_o king_n son_n gather_v a_o strong_a army_n &_o take_v his_o time_n find_v mean_n to_o get_v over_o the_o great_a wall_n i_o mention_v and_o the_o great_a river_n be_v freeze_v he_o present_o set_v upon_o the_o great_a city_n kaiyven_v or_o as_o other_o call_v it_o taxun_v which_o lie_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o tartary_n which_o he_o take_v in_o the_o year_n mdcxvi_o from_o this_o city_n he_o write_v a_o letter_n in_o tartarian_a character_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n which_o though_o write_v in_o barbarian_a character_n china_n the_o tartar_n protestation_n against_o china_n yet_o contain_v nothing_o barbarous_a by_o this_o letter_n which_o he_o send_v by_o one_o of_o their_o indian_a priest_n who_o they_o call_v lama_n in_o a_o very_a humble_a and_o submissive_a manner_n he_o declare_v to_o he_o that_o he_o have_v invade_v his_o country_n to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n but_o yet_o that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o restore_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o depose_v his_o arm_n if_o his_o complaint_n may_v be_v hear_v and_o satisfaction_n give_v he_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n call_v vanley_n have_v receive_v this_o letter_n though_o otherways_o of_o a_o eminent_a wisdom_n and_o of_o as_o great_a experience_n yet_o be_v now_o break_v with_o age_n in_o this_o business_n seem_v to_o have_v proceed_v with_o less_o prudence_n than_o that_o which_o accompany_v the_o former_a action_n of_o his_o life_n for_o think_v it_o not_o to_o be_v a_o business_n of_o that_o moment_n as_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v treat_v before_o he_o in_o his_o own_o court_n he_o remit_v the_o business_n to_o the_o chief_a governor_n and_o commander_n and_o these_o man_n puff_v up_o with_o their_o usual_a pride_n think_v it_o not_o sit_v so_o much_o as_o to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o barbarian_a king_n but_o resent_v it_o very_o high_o that_o any_o dare_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o complain_v to_o the_o emperor_n of_o any_o injury_n receive_v the_o tartarian_a king_n see_v they_o vouchsafe_v no_o answer_n to_o his_o just_a demand_n king_n the_o barbarous_a and_o superstitious_a vow_n of_o the_o tartarian_a king_n turn_v his_o anger_n into_o rage_n vow_v to_o celebrate_v his_o father_n funeral_n with_o the_o life_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o tartar_n when_o any_o man_n of_o quality_n die_v to_o cast_v into_o that_o fire_n which_o consume_v the_o dead_a

lest_o he_o shall_v bring_v his_o army_n into_o the_o city_n with_o he_o yvenus_n therefore_o know_v he_o have_v many_o chief_a man_n about_o the_o emperor_n person_n who_o be_v both_o his_o favourite_n and_o friend_n and_o that_o none_o of_o they_o give_v he_o the_o least_o sign_n of_o any_o distaste_n the_o emperor_n may_v conceive_v against_o he_o he_o bold_o and_o secure_o present_v himself_o at_o court_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o appear_v he_o be_v present_o arrest_v and_o after_o some_o few_o question_n the_o emperor_n command_v he_o to_o be_v kill_v kill_v the_o perfidious_a general_n kill_v the_o tartar_n hear_v of_o his_o death_n before_o the_o china_n army_n have_v a_o new_a general_n assign_v ransack_v all_o the_o country_n round_o about_o and_o after_o they_o have_v make_v excursion_n to_o the_o next_o border_v province_n of_o xantung_n depart_v the_o tartar_n forage_v all_o the_o country_n of_o peking_n and_o depart_v rich_o lade_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o spoil_n they_o return_v to_o their_o first_o residence_n in_o leaotung_n and_o from_o these_o time_n till_o the_o year_n 1636._o the_o event_n of_o their_o war_n be_v very_o various_a but_o in_o general_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o tartar_n can_v never_o fix_v a_o foot_n in_o china_n succeed_v the_o king_n of_o tartary_n die_v another_o succeed_v but_o they_o be_v present_o beat_v out_o again_o in_o this_o same_o year_n thienzungus_n king_n of_o the_o tartar_n die_v after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n zungteus_n father_n to_o he_o that_o now_o govern_v china_n of_o who_o we_o now_o must_v begin_v to_o treat_v this_o prince_n before_o his_o reign_n express_v much_o judgement_n in_o several_a occurrence_n mild_a zungteus_n the_o new_a king_n of_o tartary_n prudent_a &_o mild_a surpass_v all_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n in_o humanity_n and_o oblige_a courtesy_n for_o when_o he_o be_v young_a he_o be_v send_v by_o his_o father_n into_o china_n where_o he_o live_v secret_o and_o learn_v the_o china_n manner_n doctrine_n and_o language_n and_o when_o he_o come_v to_o be_v emperor_n of_o china_n he_o change_v and_o far_o surpass_v all_o the_o example_n of_o his_o predecessor_n for_o have_v observe_v that_o their_o too_o hard_a and_o cruel_a usage_n of_o the_o chinese_n have_v be_v the_o principal_a obstacle_n of_o their_o advancement_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v conquer_v that_o empire_n he_o so_o much_o thirst_v after_o as_o well_o by_o love_n as_o by_o arm_n he_o courteous_o entertain_v and_o cherish_v all_o those_o of_o china_n which_o come_v unto_o he_o nation_n mildeness_n and_o gentleness_n to_o be_v use_v in_o conquer_a nation_n use_v all_o prisoner_n with_o great_a sweetness_n and_o invite_v they_o either_o to_o submit_v free_o to_o his_o government_n or_o take_v their_o course_n with_o full_a freedom_n the_o fame_n of_o his_o humanity_n be_v spread_v far_o and_o near_o which_o induce_v many_o commander_n and_o chief_a officer_n to_o fly_v unto_o he_o by_o who_o mean_n and_o help_n he_o become_v emperor_n of_o that_o spacious_a and_o flourish_a country_n for_o experience_n show_v we_o that_o love_n and_o humanity_n do_v work_v more_o upon_o man_n heart_n in_o conquer_a and_o conserve_n kingdom_n than_o arm_n and_o cruelty_n of_o the_o conqueror_n have_v lose_v that_o which_o strength_n of_o arm_n have_v happy_o subdue_v wherefore_o when_o the_o chineses_n come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n do_v not_o only_o afford_v they_o a_o sanctuary_n but_o a_o favourable_a haven_n many_o great_a person_n fly_v the_o indignation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o tartar_n protection_n for_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o china_n avarice_n and_o perfidiousness_n it_o be_v a_o necessary_a but_o a_o most_o inhuman_a maxim_n chinese_n a_o barbarous_a principle_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o those_o officer_n perish_v who_o have_v manage_v the_o kingdom_n affair_n with_o less_o success_n for_o they_o easy_o be_v bring_v to_o believe_v that_o such_o unhappy_a event_n do_v not_o proceed_v so_o much_o from_o the_o frown_n of_o a_o scornful_a goddess_n call_v fortune_n as_o it_o do_v from_o the_o perfidy_n and_o negligence_n of_o the_o commander_n so_o as_o if_o any_o fight_v unhappy_o or_o if_o he_o lose_v the_o country_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n if_o any_o sedition_n or_o rebellion_n happen_v the_o governor_n hardly_o ever_o escape_v alive_a see_v therefore_o they_o find_v so_o much_o humanity_n in_o the_o tartar_n and_o so_o much_o inhumanity_n in_o the_o emperor_n they_o rather_o choose_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o former_a by_o this_o occasion_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o relate_v what_o happen_v to_o that_o incomparable_a commander_n renown_v both_o for_o fidelity_n and_o fortitude_n call_v ignatius_n kill_v ignatius_n the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o christian_n unjust_o kill_v this_o heroic_a mind_n prefer_v his_o fidelity_n to_o his_o prince_n before_o his_o life_n before_o the_o tartarian_n protection_n yea_o even_o before_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o formidable_a army_n and_o choose_v rather_o with_o his_o unparalleled_a fidelity_n to_o submit_v his_o head_n to_o a_o block_n by_o a_o unjust_a sentence_n than_o to_o abandon_v his_o country_n or_o once_o accuse_v the_o least_o default_n in_o his_o sovereign_n judgement_n fidelity_n ignatius_n his_o fidelity_n though_o prevent_v by_o very_o unjust_a impression_n he_o may_v perchance_o have_v sway_v the_o sovereign_a sceptre_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v have_v hearken_v to_o his_o soldier_n but_o he_o rather_o choose_v to_o die_v glorious_o than_o to_o be_v brand_v with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o traitor_n in_o posterity_n this_o man_n therefore_o after_o he_o have_v gain_v several_a victory_n against_o the_o tartar_n and_o recover_v many_o city_n from_o their_o possession_n so_o as_o he_o hope_v short_o whole_o to_o extirpate_v they_o out_o of_o china_n his_o soldier_n be_v long_o without_o pay_n seditious_o plunder_v and_o pillage_v a_o town_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o k._n ignatius_n by_o several_a petition_n and_o remonstrance_n to_o the_o emperor_n have_v declare_v his_o want_n of_o money_n and_o their_o want_n of_o pay_n but_o because_o he_o feed_v not_o those_o venal_a soul_n that_o manage_v the_o business_n with_o money_n and_o present_n they_o always_o suppress_v his_o humble_a address_n for_o relief_n beside_o this_o man_n be_v a_o very_a pious_a christian_a he_o do_v nothing_o in_o his_o government_n piety_n ignatius_n his_o piety_n but_o what_o be_v conform_v to_o reason_n and_o justice_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n he_o incur_v the_o hatred_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a prefect_n who_o usual_o receive_v bribe_n from_o the_o contest_a party_n demand_v favour_n of_o ignatius_n for_o their_o client_n but_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o intercede_v for_o any_o unless_o the_o justness_n of_o the_o cause_n do_v also_o balance_v their_o petition_n and_o these_o man_n attribute_v this_o proceed_n not_o to_o virtue_n but_o to_o his_o pride_n think_v themselves_o undervalue_v by_o he_o deal_v underhand_o with_o the_o prefect_n in_o the_o court_n to_o stop_v the_o army_n pay_v that_o so_o they_o may_v destroy_v this_o innocent_a man_n moreover_o he_o be_v envy_v the_o commander_n in_o the_o very_a court_n because_o he_o come_v to_o this_o eminent_a dignity_n by_o his_o own_o valour_n and_o industry_n which_o they_o imagine_v be_v only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o doctor_n and_o ignatius_n be_v but_o a_o bachelor_n as_o if_o the_o most_o learned_a must_v needs_o be_v also_o the_o most_o valorous_a in_o this_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n the_o soldier_n not_o content_v with_o the_o seditious_a pillage_n see_v the_o most_o imminent_a danger_n hang_v over_o their_o most_o esteem_a and_o belove_a governor_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o folly_n they_o go_v about_o to_o persuade_v he_o to_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o that_o country_n nay_o more_o to_o take_v the_o whole_a empire_n to_o himself_o as_o a_o thing_n due_a to_o his_o prowess_n and_o merit_n promise_v their_o whole_a strength_n to_o effect_v the_o business_n and_o also_o to_o extirpate_v those_o man_n about_o the_o emperor_n that_o aim_v more_o to_o compass_v their_o malicious_a end_n than_o to_o promote_v the_o general_a affair_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o ignatius_n by_o pious_a admonition_n stave_v they_o off_o from_o further_a violence_n make_v they_o obedient_a and_o quiet_a command_v all_o to_o stand_v faithful_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o punish_v the_o chief_a of_o that_o fedition_n this_o supreme_a act_n of_o fidelity_n deserve_v a_o better_a esteem_n and_o acceptance_n than_o that_o which_o be_v frame_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o court_n who_o slight_v this_o his_o allegiance_n send_v another_o viceroy_n in_o his_o place_n and_o command_v he_o to_o appear_v in_o court_n he_o than_o perceive_v they_o aim_v at_o his_o life_n and_o the_o

soldier_n be_v either_o of_o his_o affinity_n or_o whole_o at_o his_o command_n and_o obedience_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o he_o find_v a_o easy_a admittance_n into_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n of_o which_o they_o present_o make_v he_o king_n pingnan_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v pacifier_n of_o the_o south_n and_o they_o add_v many_o other_o dignity_n and_o office_n of_o trust_n that_o they_o may_v more_o specious_o illude_v he_o for_o either_o they_o know_v his_o aspire_a mind_n art_n the_o tartar_n deceive_v the_o pirate_n and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n by_o mere_a art_n or_o else_o his_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v suspicious_a and_o formidable_a to_o they_o but_o yet_o all_o the_o while_n the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n remain_v in_o fokien_n they_o never_o express_v the_o least_o diffidence_n in_o he_o but_o both_o with_o favour_n courtesy_n present_n and_o honour_n they_o study_v how_o further_o to_o engage_v he_o and_o promise_v the_o 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mission_n of_o jesuit_n about_o he_o by_o who_o painful_a endeavour_n many_o have_v embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o among_o other_o the_o very_a mother_n of_o this_o emperor_n his_o wife_n christian_n the_o heir_n to_o the_o empire_n become_v christian_n and_o his_o elder_a son_n heir_n of_o the_o empire_n call_v constantin_n do_v all_o embrace_n christianity_n may_v this_o man_n by_o the_o prayer_n of_o all_o christian_n prove_v another_o constantine_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n the_o emperor_n himself_o be_v not_o averse_a from_o christiany_n but_o hitherto_o he_o have_v defer_v his_o baptism_n but_o yet_o he_o permit_v his_o wife_n to_o send_v a_o father_n of_o the_o society_n to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a as_o all_o europe_n have_v hear_v god_n of_o his_o goodness_n grant_v he_o that_o felicity_n which_o may_v redound_v to_o the_o universal_a good_a of_o china_n and_o god_n great_a glory_n but_o it_o be_v not_o only_o in_o quangsi_n that_o the_o chineses_n begin_v to_o resume_v their_o courage_n fokien_n thief_n infest_v the_o province_n of_o fokien_n but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n also_o for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o tartarian_a army_n call_v back_o to_o peking_n but_o a_o petty_a heathen_a priest_n break_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o fokien_n with_o a_o band_n of_o seditious_a fellow_n and_o subdue_a the_o tartarian_a garrison_n he_o take_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o kienning_n and_o many_o other_o from_o their_o subjection_n and_o other_o which_o lie_v lurk_v in_o the_o mountain_n follow_v his_o example_n recover_v also_o many_o other_o city_n about_o which_o time_n also_o the_o friend_n and_o kindred_n of_o the_o captive_a iquon_n do_v extreme_o infest_v the_o sea_n and_o make_v descent_n upon_o the_o land_n vex_v the_o province_n extreme_o about_o the_o quarter_n of_o sivencheu_o and_o changcheu_fw-la at_o this_o time_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n be_v viceroy_n of_o two_o province_n who_o hear_v of_o these_o commotion_n come_v present_o by_o night_n in_o great_a haste_n with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v make_v towards_o the_o mountain_n of_o fokien_n for_o he_o with_o reason_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o those_o place_n which_o if_o they_o have_v do_v the_o whole_a province_n have_v be_v regain_v but_o when_o this_o viceroy_n call_v changus_n find_v the_o mountain_n and_o passage_n clear_a and_o no_o opposition_n make_v in_o such_o difficult_a place_n he_o then_o proclaim_v himself_o victorious_a and_o his_o enemy_n perfidious_a rebel_n vain_a changus_n the_o commander_n of_o the_o tartar_n besiege_n kien_v in_o vain_a wherefore_o come_v without_o resistance_n into_o the_o country_n he_o besiege_v the_o city_n kienning_n which_o be_v defend_v by_o vangus_n this_o siege_n hold_v some_o week_n but_o he_o never_o can_v take_v the_o place_n by_o force_n and_o therefore_o have_v lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n by_o assault_n he_o judge_v it_o best_o rather_o to_o block_n up_o the_o place_n a_o far_o of_o than_o to_o besiege_v it_o so_o close_a and_o near_o but_o yet_o by_o this_o he_o hinder_v other_o force_n from_o join_v with_o vangus_n so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o sally_v out_o upon_o they_o when_o the_o noise_n of_o these_o commotion_n come_v to_o peking_n ra●●d_v it_o be_v at_o length_n take_v and_o ra●●d_v the_o emperor_n present_o send_v a_o new_a supply_n to_o appease_v these_o tumult_n and_o this_o fresh_a army_n come_v to_o join_v with_o the_o other_o bring_v the_o city_n to_o great_a strait_n but_o yet_o they_o can_v not_o win_v it_o till_o at_o length_n they_o find_v mean_n by_o a_o rare_a invention_n to_o transport_v their_o canon_n over_o the_o mountain_n upon_o porter_n shoulder_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o dismantle_v the_o town_n and_o put_v all_o whatsoever_o to_o the_o sword_n to_o the_o number_n

show_v he_o fear_v nothing_o but_o for_o all_o this_o the_o commander_n house_n besiege_n this_o city_n a_o far_o off_o which_o be_v three_o league_n compass_n and_o out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o artillery_n and_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v make_v a_o show_n of_o great_a force_n than_o indeed_o he_o have_v he_o join_v to_o his_o army_n a_o company_n of_o dull_a head_a clown_n by_o which_o mean_v he_o make_v up_o a_o body_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n see_v such_o a_o army_n as_o appear_v believe_v they_o all_o to_o be_v soldier_n and_o lest_o his_o citizen_n shall_v join_v with_o they_o he_o think_v again_o of_o cut_v all_o their_o throat_n but_o his_o friend_n ever_o divert_v he_o from_o this_o outrageous_a cruelty_n and_o therefore_o to_o divert_v himself_o from_o such_o horrid_a project_n he_o use_v to_o walk_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o recreate_v himself_o in_o see_v the_o chineses_n under_o his_o colour_n fight_v so_o valiant_o against_o house_n for_o when_o he_o see_v this_o he_o use_v to_o cry_v out_o in_o their_o language_n ho_o manzu_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v o_o good_a barbarian_n for_o so_o the_o tartar_n call_v the_o chinaes_n as_o conquer_a nation_n use_v to_o expose_v the_o conquer_a to_o scorn_n and_o derision_n and_o he_o crown_v this_o scoff_n with_o these_o word_n mauzuxa_n manzu_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v let_v the_o barbarous_a kill_v the_o barbarous_a yet_o notwithstanding_o when_o they_o return_v victorious_a he_o do_v not_o only_o praise_v they_o but_o give_v they_o money_n and_o other_o precious_a reward_n which_o be_v expose_v to_o public_a view_n upon_o the_o wall_n to_o animate_v they_o to_o high_a and_o generous_a exploit_n so_o as_o house_n find_v no_o body_n stir_v in_o the_o city_n as_o he_o expect_v can_v do_v nothing_o beside_o their_o come_v new_a succour_n to_o the_o tartarian_a army_n which_o when_o house_n understand_v by_o his_o spy_v he_o present_o retire_v but_o yet_o this_o flight_n do_v not_o serve_v his_o turn_n nor_o can_v he_o whole_o escape_v the_o tartar_n hand_n for_o the_o horseman_n pursue_v they_o fall_v upon_o the_o rear_n and_o kill_v many_o carrying_z away_o great_a store_n of_o riches_n which_o the_o commander_n distribute_v in_o such_o proportion_n as_o he_o give_v most_o to_o such_o as_o be_v wound_v what_o become_v of_o house_n after_o this_o action_n be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o these_o northern_a revolt_n produce_v no_o other_o effect_n but_o the_o spoil_n rapine_n and_o plunder_n of_o all_o those_o quarter_n as_o it_o have_v produce_v the_o like_a in_o the_o southern_a part_n the_o tartar_n have_v happy_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n hitherto_o danger_n the_o tartar_n insolence_n produce_v great_a danger_n fall_v into_o another_o by_o their_o own_o insolency_n from_o the_o year_n mdcxlix_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v now_o grow_v up_o to_o man_n estate_n desire_v to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o tayngu_n who_o be_v prince_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n hope_v by_o this_o match_n to_o conserve_v the_o friendship_n of_o he_o who_o force_n he_o fear_v for_o this_o end_n he_o send_v his_o uncle_n to_o he_o who_o be_v king_n of_o pavang_n this_o prince_n pass_v by_o the_o impregnable_a city_n of_o taitung_n which_o as_o it_o be_v the_o last_o city_n towards_o the_o north_n so_o also_o it_o be_v the_o key_n and_o bulwark_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la against_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n for_o it_o command_v all_o the_o soldier_n which_o keep_v the_o many_o fortification_n of_o those_o quarter_n where_o a_o fair_a level_n down_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o that_o famous_a wall_n i_o mention_v heretofore_o give_v a_o fit_a occasion_n for_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o woman_n of_o this_o city_n be_v hold_v the_o most_o beautiful_a of_o all_o china_n and_o therefore_o it_o happen_v that_o some_o of_o the_o ambassador_n follower_n do_v ravish_v some_o of_o they_o and_o also_o carry_v away_o by_o a_o rape_n a_o person_n of_o quality_n as_o she_o be_v carry_v home_o to_o her_o spouse_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n never_o hear_v of_o heretofore_o among_o the_o chinese_n the_o people_n have_v recourse_n for_o these_o injury_n to_o kiangus_n who_o govern_v those_o quarter_n for_o the_o tartar_n who_o hear_v of_o this_o gross_a abuse_n send_v to_o that_o petty_a prince_n pavang_n to_o demand_v the_o new_a marry_a lady_n to_o be_v restore_v and_o to_o desire_v he_o to_o prevent_v future_a disorder_n in_o that_o nature_n but_o he_o give_v a_o very_a slight_a ear_n to_o such_o complant_v and_o therefore_o kiangus_n himself_o go_v unto_o he_o who_o be_v not_o only_o slight_v but_o even_o cast_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n his_o anger_n be_v quick_o turn_v into_o rage_n tartar_n kiangus_n rise_v against_o the_o tartar_n which_o make_v he_o resolve_v to_o revenge_v that_o injury_n by_o the_o tartar_n blood_n he_o therefore_o muster_n his_o soldier_n and_o present_o fall_v on_o the_o tartar_n kill_v all_o he_o can_v encounter_v the_o ambassador_n himself_o be_v let_v down_o by_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n hardly_o escape_v by_o swift_a horse_n then_o kiangus_n display_v a_o banner_n wherein_o he_o declare_v himself_o a_o subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n but_o name_v no_o emperor_n in_o particular_a because_o perchance_o he_o have_v hear_v nothing_o of_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n by_o reason_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o distance_n force_n kiangus_n gather_v great_a force_n but_o however_o he_o invite_v all_o the_o chinese_n to_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o tartar_n and_o many_o captain_n as_o well_o as_o soldier_n come_v in_o to_o he_o yea_o even_o the_o very_a western_a tartar_n against_o who_o he_o have_v ever_o bear_v arm_n be_v promise_v great_a reward_n send_v he_o the_o force_n which_o he_o demand_v this_o accident_n extreme_o trouble_v the_o court_n for_o they_o know_v well_o that_o the_o western_a tartar_n do_v both_o aspire_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o also_o be_v envious_a at_o their_o prosperous_a course_n of_o fortune_n they_o also_o know_v that_o they_o be_v more_o abundant_a man_n and_o horse_n than_o they_o be_v for_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v they_o buy_v all_o their_o best_a horse_n and_o they_o fear_v that_o now_o they_o shall_v have_v no_o more_o and_o therefore_o they_o resolve_v to_o send_v present_o a_o good_a strong_a army_n against_o he_o before_o he_o shall_v gather_v a_o great_a strength_n but_o kiangus_n who_o be_v as_o valiant_a as_o crafty_a and_o one_o who_o by_o long_a experience_n know_v how_o to_o deal_v with_o the_o tartar_n first_o feign_v to_o fly_v with_o his_o army_n but_o in_o the_o rear_n he_o place_v very_o many_o cart_n and_o wagon_n which_o be_v all_o cover_v very_o careful_o as_o if_o they_o have_v carry_v the_o rich_a treasure_n they_o possess_v but_o in_o real_a truth_n they_o carry_v nothing_o but_o many_o great_a and_o lesser_a piece_n of_o artillery_n with_o their_o mouth_n turn_v upon_o the_o enemy_n all_o which_o the_o tartar_n perceive_v present_o pursue_v they_o fight_v without_o any_o order_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o prey_n with_o great_a avidity_n but_o those_o that_o accompany_v the_o wagon_n stratagem_n kiangus_n overthrow_v the_o tartar_n by_o a_o stratagem_n fire_v the_o artillery_n take_v off_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n and_o withal_o kiangus_n wheel_v about_o come_v up_o upon_o they_o and_o make_v a_o strange_a carnage_n among_o they_o and_o after_o this_o he_o show_v himself_o no_o less_o admirable_a in_o stratagem_n than_o in_o fortitude_n and_o courage_n again_o he_o beat_v the_o tartar_n again_o when_o he_o fight_v a_o set_v pitch_a field_n with_o a_o new_a recruit_v army_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o which_o he_o obtain_v so_o noble_a and_o renown_v a_o victory_n that_o he_o fill_v all_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n with_o fear_n and_o tremble_a for_o by_o this_o mean_n victorious_a kiangus_n have_v gather_v so_o vast_a a_o army_n as_o he_o count_v no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n all_o man_n have_v recourse_n to_o he_o to_o defend_v their_o country_n against_o the_o tartarian_a army_n and_o therefore_o amavangus_n tutor_n to_o the_o emperor_n think_v it_o not_o fit_a to_o commit_v this_o business_n to_o any_o but_o to_o himself_o resolve_v himself_o to_o go_v against_o kiangus_n and_o try_v the_o last_o turn_n of_o fortune_n for_o the_o tartar_n kiangus_n amavangus_n himself_o go_v against_o kiangus_n he_o therefore_o draw_v out_o all_o the_o eight_o colour_n that_o be_v the_o whole_a force_n that_o be_v then_o in_o peking_n for_o under_o these_o eight_o colour_n be_v comprehend_v all_o the_o force_n

captive_a priest_n which_o they_o have_v find_v in_o chain_n as_o a_o present_a most_o acceptable_a to_o the_o tartarian_a emperor_n there_o i_o see_v then_o and_o leave_v they_o in_o great_a veneration_n and_o honour_n in_o the_o year_n mdcl_o but_o this_o victorious_a conqueror_n return_v crown_v with_o laurel_n receive_v one_o of_o the_o emperor_n uncle_n be_v ill_o receive_v be_v ill_o receive_v and_o worse_o recompense_v by_o his_o brother_n the_o great_a amavangus_n who_o be_v the_o emperor_n tutor_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o deserve_a triumph_n he_o receive_v a_o unworthy_a death_n for_o be_v to_o make_v a_o march_n of_o many_o month_n to_o undergo_v much_o labour_n and_o many_o trouble_n it_o happen_v so_o as_o he_o lose_v more_o man_n in_o march_v than_o in_o fight_v he_o be_v accuse_v of_o great_a negligence_n in_o govern_v his_o army_n and_o be_v of_o a_o generous_a nature_n he_o think_v he_o deserve_v high_a praise_n but_o no_o blame_n and_o therefore_o he_o take_v his_o tartarian_a cap_n and_o scornful_o trample_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v the_o great_a sign_n of_o indignation_n which_o they_o can_v express_v upon_o which_o fact_n he_o be_v commit_v to_o a_o prison_n proper_a to_o those_o of_o the_o blood_n royal_a which_o he_o accuse_v of_o any_o crime_n but_o he_o scorn_v to_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o tartarian_a family_n which_o shall_v suffer_v this_o first_o opprobry_n in_o china_n and_o therefore_o before_o he_o be_v carry_v to_o this_o prison_n call_v by_o the_o chinese_n coaciang_n he_o hang_v himself_o miserable_o in_o his_o own_o palace_n himself_o he_o hang_v himself_o a_o gallant_a prince_n and_o worthy_a of_o a_o better_a fortune_n many_o think_v this_o disgrace_n to_o have_v grow_v from_o amavangus_n his_o eldests_a brother_n emulation_n but_o i_o think_v that_o amavangus_n be_v afraid_a that_o this_o man_n want_v neither_o courage_n nor_o wit_n will_v quick_o ruin_v the_o tartarian_a affair_n by_o his_o rash_a proceed_n and_o here_o i_o will_v put_v a_o period_n rather_o than_o a_o end_n to_o this_o brief_a narration_n of_o the_o tartar_n war_n to_o the_o year_n mdcli_o in_o which_o year_n i_o be_v send_v to_o europe_n by_o those_o that_o may_v command_v i_o in_o which_o relation_n if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n yet_o it_o seem_v admirable_a to_o consider_v that_o in_o seven_o year_n space_n they_o conquer_v more_o ground_n in_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n than_o a_o army_n can_v have_v walk_v in_o that_o space_n of_o time_n for_o they_o overrun_v twelve_o vast_a province_n of_o china_n beside_o the_o immense_a extent_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o corea_n what_o since_o have_v pass_v in_o such_o vicissitude_n of_o fortune_n i_o know_v not_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o god_n shall_v bless_v i_o with_o a_o prosperous_a return_n into_o my_o belove_a china_n or_o that_o my_o friend_n acquaint_v i_o with_o any_o new_a occurrence_n by_o letter_n i_o will_v procure_v all_o europe_n shall_v understand_v the_o issue_n of_o these_o prodigious_a revolution_n finis_fw-la a_o addition_n to_o the_o former_a history_n take_v out_o of_o the_o last_o letter_n from_o china_n write_v in_o the_o year_n 1651._o 52._o and_o 53._o after_o the_o print_n of_o this_o our_o history_n of_o the_o tartarian_a war_n return_v to_o brussels_n from_o amsterdam_n where_o i_o use_v all_o possible_a expedition_n to_o bring_v my_o atlas_n sinieus_fw-la to_o the_o press_n i_o there_o receive_v my_o long_a desire_a letter_n from_o china_n send_v by_o my_o friend_n from_o rome_n some_o of_o which_o be_v date_v the_o 14._o of_o november_n 1651._o be_v write_v by_o a_o sicilian_a call_v father_n francis_n brancatus_fw-la who_o sojurn_v in_o the_o city_n of_o xanchai_n in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v and_o reflect_v that_o happy_o it_o will_v not_o be_v ungrateful_a to_o our_o european_n if_o i_o make_v a_o private_a relation_n of_o public_a use_n i_o resolve_v to_o draw_v out_o this_o little_a ensue_a narration_n from_o those_o letter_n write_v in_o several_a year_n the_o empire_n of_o china_n be_v now_o grow_v to_o a_o more_o fix_v and_o settle_a estate_n 165._o see_v fol._n 165._o since_o the_o death_n of_o amavangus_n uncle_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o as_o he_o be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o suggest_v to_o the_o tartar_n the_o emperor_n invasion_n so_o also_o it_o be_v to_o his_o care_n and_o vigilancy_n they_o owe_v the_o happy_a success_n of_o all_o and_o its_o conservation_n but_o yet_o the_o opinion_n frame_v of_o he_o after_o his_o death_n be_v far_o different_a from_o the_o authority_n and_o power_n he_o carry_v in_o his_o life_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o power_n of_o reign_v by_o his_o death_n devolve_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o nephew_n call_v xunchi_n but_o that_o this_o emperor_n though_o a_o youth_n in_o year_n begin_v his_o reign_n by_o the_o approbation_n of_o all_o estate_n and_o order_n with_o such_o maturity_n of_o judgement_n and_o council_n as_o he_o seem_v to_o surpass_v the_o gray_a and_o hoary_a head_n of_o his_o wise_a councillor_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o enthrone_v than_o he_o express_v a_o strange_a ripeness_n of_o judgement_n and_o justice_n join_v together_o in_o the_o same_o action_n death_n amavangus_n suspect_v and_o punish_v after_o his_o death_n for_o have_v discover_v his_o uncle_n wicked_a counsel_n and_o design_n and_o trace_v the_o obscure_a tract_n of_o his_o abominable_a vice_n which_o be_v hide_v during_o his_o life_n he_o do_v so_o much_o resent_v those_o detestable_a act_n as_o he_o command_v his_o body_n to_o be_v dig_v up_o and_o his_o magnificent_a sepulchre_n to_o be_v beat_v down_o chinese_n the_o veneration_n of_o dead_a man_n tomb_n among_o the_o chinese_n which_o kind_n of_o punishment_n among_o the_o chinese_n it_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o great_a that_o can_v be_v inflict_v be_v teach_v by_o their_o religion_n to_o carry_v all_o veneration_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o tomb_n of_o dead_a person_n the_o carcase_n be_v drag_v out_o they_o first_o beat_v it_o with_o club_n than_o they_o scourge_v it_o with_o rod_n and_o final_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n they_o make_v it_o a_o spectacle_n to_o all_o criminal_a opproby_n thus_o the_o splendour_n of_o his_o tomb_n be_v bring_v to_o dust_n and_o fortune_n pay_v he_o after_o his_o death_n the_o turn_n she_o owe_v he_o in_o his_o life_n he_o punish_v also_o all_o the_o officer_n and_o prefect_n which_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o counsel_n put_v some_o to_o death_n and_o deprive_v other_o of_o their_o dignity_n among_o all_o which_o i_o find_v the_o fortune_n of_o general_n fung_n to_o have_v be_v very_o various_a who_o though_o he_o be_v no_o christian_n yet_o be_v a_o singular_a friend_n protector_n of_o my_o order_n and_o particular_o know_v to_o myself_o i_o can_v but_o rejoice_v to_o hear_v he_o restore_v to_o his_o place_n and_o dignity_n after_o his_o discover_a innocency_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o emperor_n xunchius_n custom_n the_o emperor_n of_o the_o tartar_n marriage_n and_o their_o custom_n grow_v up_o to_o man_n estate_n and_o solicitous_a to_o propagate_v his_o august_n offspring_n resolve_v to_o accomplish_v his_o long_a intend_a marriage_n with_o the_o daughter_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o occidental_a tartar_n in_o which_o action_n the_o tartar_n imitate_v the_o european_a custom_n for_o they_o take_v a_o lady_n of_o some_o illustrious_a blood_n or_o descent_n but_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n seem_v little_a to_o value_v the_o nobility_n of_o blood_n but_o select_a the_o prime_a beauty_n nor_o will_v they_o refuse_v a_o person_n of_o a_o mean_a fortune_n if_o she_o be_v but_o grace_v with_o beauty_n in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o late_a emperor_n of_o china_n be_v daughter_n to_o a_o man_n that_o get_v his_o live_n by_o make_v straw_n shoe_n so_o king_n ahasuerus_n raise_v a_o poor_a captive_a maid_n to_o be_v comfort_n with_o he_o in_o his_o royal_a throne_n which_o kind_n of_o custom_n happy_o the_o chineses_n draw_v from_o the_o persian_n or_o else_o the_o persian_n have_v it_o from_o they_o but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o subject_n that_o cause_v this_o little_a digression_n the_o emperor_n wedding_n be_v perform_v with_o a_o pomp_n and_o splendour_n proportionable_a to_o such_o a_o empire_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o magnificence_n want_v on_o the_o spouse_n part_n for_o according_a to_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o nation_n she_o come_v accompany_v with_o whole_a army_n of_o man_n and_o so_o many_o troop_n of_o horse_n as_o they_o seem_v innumerable_a nature_n seem_v to_o have_v frame_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o tartar_n more_o for_o warlike_a affair_n than_o for_o pleasure_n nor_o be_v this_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o horse_n incredible_a for_o i_o myself_o have_v see_v eighty_o thousand_o horse_n all_o at_o