consult to attaque the Cardinal Nephew in the most sensible part of his Nepotisme they resolve to take no more notice of him in the Affairs of their Ministery to deprive him of the honour they do him in communicating to him the result of their ordinary Audiences and in fine to look upon him no other wayes but as another private Cardinal of the Colledge With this Project they intend to acquaint their Masters and that it may not seem a thing affected to gratifie a private Passion or to put a trick upon the Nephew they all engage to signe the Copy of the Relation which they should send to their several Masters with this formality that the Relation which should go to France should be signed by Cardinal Langrave the Emperors Ambassador Cardinal Nitard the Spanish Ambassador and the Ambassador of Venice that that which was to be sent to Spain should be signed by the Duke d'Estrees and the others and in the same manner the rest that should be sent to Germany and Venice That was an expedient to avoid the difficulty of Signing all the same Relation which could not be done because the Ambassador of Spain would not have Signed under the French Ambassadour who is in possession of the first place These things thus performed and the Ministers being approved by their Masters as to what they had resolved in the first Audience which they had at the Palace they represented to the Pope the causes which they had of discontent the Actions of the Nephew in prejudice of their Priviledges the abuses to which he engaged the authority as well as goodness of his Holiness the Injury done to their Character and the resentment they were forced to testifie of it without hurting their respect and duty towards the Holy See which their Masters knew well to distinguish from the bad Government of Cardinal Altieri they declared to his Holiness that they pretended not to do violence to his inclination and to the affection he had for Cardinal Altieri but that they could do very well without depending on him in the exercise of their ministery whereof he had evidenced so small esteem by all his proceedings in what had already past The Pope laboured as much as in him lay to pacifie them and to Justifie the Edict he represented to them the great necessities of the Apostolick Chamber engaged in more than Eight and forty Millions of Gold at his coming to the Pontificat that the suspension of the Priviledges and Exemptions was onely for the Holy year which engaged the Chamber still to more extraordinary charges and that moreover Cardinal Altieri and he had shewen their Moderation because that under his Reign the Ecclesiastick State had not been charged with any new imposition a thing which has not happened under many Popes of these last Ages These and such like Discourses of the Pope which tended onely to Justifie the Nephew had not the effect which he could have wished The Audiences being ended the Ambassadours returned home without going to the Apartment of the Nephew as the custom is treated no more with him about any business and took from him the name of Altieri calling him onely Paluzzi in the Titles they gave him when occasion offered of speaking to him This continued for some time but the Nephew fearing the consequences of an affair of that nature and finding that it drew upon him the contempt of all the Roman Court and even of the People who when they are discontented many times imitate the more powerful that they may shake off their obedience that Potentates gave no more answers to his Letters wherewith he accompanied the Briefs of his Holiness that in fine being no more respected of the great Men he became the object of the Peoples derision or the compassion of his Friends he caused a Congregation to be established of unsuspected Cardinals to consider of the means of giving satisfaction to the Forreign Ministers with as much safety to his honour as possibly could be had I may say by the by that they commonly refer to Congregations affairs that they would have prolonged and I never saw any thing determined by them they are composed of Men that affect neutrality but who are however naturally more inclined to those who have given them the Commission if any of them absent themselves whole moneths pass over before they meet again and if death or any accident carry any one of them off time is required to agree upon another to be put into the place of him that is gone in a word the Papacy commonly expires before they conclude any thing let the matter of their Deputation be never so easie The Congregation that Altieri appointed for the satisfaction of the Ambassadors proposed several expedients to which they agreed not when the revocation of the Edict was proposed they said that that would be reckoned no satisfaction to them seeing the Pope was obliged to do so in Justice and that though he would not revoke it yet there were but few Officers of the Customs that durst yenture to put it in execution against the Ministers In effect whether the Customers had orders from the Palace to desist from executing it or that they feared some harsh usage they altered nothing in the matter of exemptions And one day some Packs and Boxes being sent to Cardinal Sforza and the Carriers being gone to discharge and put them into the Custom-house his Eminence was offended that they were not sent soon enough home to him he himself went to the Custom-house and caused them to be carried away threatning the Popes Officers without any notice taken thereof in the Palace Whilst the Congregation was busie in managing some accommodation the Ambassadours contrived among themselves wayes to highten more and more their pretensions and vex the Nephew they not onely forbore treating with him but also if they met him in the Town they caused not their Coaches to stop as the custom is but went on without compliment or ceremony So that Cardinal Altieri being one day gone abroad to make some visit and perceiving the French Ambassadors Coach coming at a distance he caused the Tossels to be quickly taken off his Horses that he might pass incognito and so avoid the shame of seeing the Ambassador pass by without receiving the usual civility That which surprised him most was the stedfastness of all the Ministers linked together to cross him in a time when the Princes their Masters were so hot in action against one another he could not comprehend how the Ambassadors of the Emperor and Spain continued so addicted to second the French Minister who was the most incensed of all and who drave the matter farthest He let the debate rest some time to see if they would give over but perceiving that he gained nothing by that course he endeavoured underhand to draw off from the party the Cardinals of Hesse and Nitard they desired time to communicate the propositions that were
Altieri to let matters alone as they were to wit the young Lady in the Nunnery and the Duke of Sonino and his Lady in the hopes of enjoying the Estate However they gained somewhat by the intervention of the Ambassador they might promise themselves that no more would be done in the affair without acquainting the French Minister and that in the mean time they might have leisure either to perswade the Lady to becaome Nun or in case she would needs marry to make her resolve to accept of D. Lelio which seemed to them the less prejudice because there was but small appearance that he could leave any children after him of so unequal a marriage They made therefore the best use of their time for attaining their ends by prevailing with the French Ambassador to write to France that he might obtain favourable resolutions as to the party he had espoused whilst they on their side attacqued the Lady with all the Engines which authority mingled with Artifice could imploy to gain her but the Answers that came from France were but very general because the S'forza's on their side sollicited at Court and were assisted by their friends for obtaining the approbation of the King and besides the Lady was still constant and immoveable in her resolution of marrying In so much that they could get no more of her but an indifferency at least in words and appearance for either of the two Matches though if her heart had been consulted there would have been found there a formed Declartion in favour of Don. Frederick But she was willing to give her Mother and Uncle that satisfaction to free here self from their importunities as she told Cardinal Altieri expecting till time should bring a remedy to her troubles That indifferency signified but little to the Colonna's but it was too much for Cardinal Altieri he feared that that step might be followed by another and he could not promise himself any thing of a Sex that is as dissembling as weak which way soever that Maid bent her thoughts having through the persecutions of her Relations forsaken D. Frederick he found no satisfaction therein if she should embrace the Nunnery and a Religious life his contrived revenge would prove in vain if she declared her self for D. Lelio the Inheritance of the Vrsini was snatched from his Family In this disquiet of thoughts he represented to the Lady Cesarini that she should have a special care of what she did that she should distrust the perswasions of her Relations as being acted by meer Interest whereas his Holyness and himself had no designes but for her repose and advantage that if the Holy Father should come to know that she failed in a sutable correspondence to his good intentions as it seemed she had by becoming more slack in her good resolution he would abandon her to the discretion of her Relations She could not at that time forbear to complain of the persecutions of her Mother Uncle and of those of their party she besought Cardinal Altieri to assist her and to think on means to rid her from the trouble wherein she was and from so many importunities wherewith she was overwhelmed that moreover she continued still in a firm resolution to depend absolutely on his Holiness and his Eminence who could not want means to overcome all the apparent difficulties that had been started by the Ministry of the French Ambassador that she well perceived it to be an Artifice of the Colonna's and which would take no effect so soon as she should make her reasons known to the King with due submission both on the part of her self and of him who was designed for her Husband Altieri was exceedingly well satisfied with that sincere declaration and that he might comply with what she said as well as to make sure of her Person he gave Orders in his Holinesses name that none should be admitted to speak to her in the Nunnery without express permission from him Thâ—s prohibition gave occasion to her Relations and to those of the party of the Colonna's to clamour and complain openly that it was contrary to the promise which Altieri had given of leaving the Lady at liberty to make what choice she pleased that they used violence towards her and kept her shut up without speaking to any body that they might make her say whatever they pleased and draw from her a forced consent This was not all they engaged the French Ambassador in the quarrel with threats that if the Lady Cesarini were not left in the same liberty as formerly they would be obliged to repel force by force and that they would carry her from the place where she was and put her into the hands of such as might be able to answer for her These complaints were not carried t the Palace but they made noise enough to come to the ears of Cardinal Altieri He had no suspicion of the Nuns of the Convent nor of those that served them abroad the Pope is too absolute over such kind of persons and especially at home and under his Nose but he was afraid lest the Mother of the Lady who was of the contrary party might by the intelligence of the Colonna's and the assistance of the Ambassador play him a trick So that he caused the Lady to be removed from the Convent of St. Catherine of Sienna seated on the Hill of Wagnanopoli in sight of the Palace of Montecavallo to the content of St. Aure beyond the Tyber where Don. Frederick S'forza had an Aunt and put guards upon her with the same prohibition to let none speak with her without his express permission This action made great noise at Rome though it was carried on with much prudence and dexterity and to the satisfactiof the Lady Cesarini The Mother complained that her Daughter was snatched away from her embraces Duke Cesarini that his Neece was stolen the French Ambassador that promise was not kept to him D. Lelio that his Mistriss was carried away the Colonna's that the most illustrious Families of Rome were used as slaves and seeing the whole Intrigue was devised against them their share was likewise greatest in the Catastrophe they spared not to say that they would all perish first rather than suffer such an injury and affront The Sforza's wisely perceived that these menaces were directed to them and that they were unequally matched with the Colonna's they took advice therefore of Cardinal Altieri what they had best do to avoid these contests with honor Altieri advised D. Paolo Sforza the Father of D. Frederick and his Uncle the Cardinal to send D. Frederick abroad for some time under pretext of travelling and seeing the Italians begin their travels commonly by Germany that they should send him to Vienna and give him Orders to remain there until new advice that in the mean time they might have time to negotiate in France for obtaining the Kings positive approbation that they should keep the affair dormant and that
by the removal of D. Frederick the Colonna's would have no more cause of Umbrage since they should thereby make shew of mending the matter no more This counsel was followed and had very good success as to the Sforza's they give it out that D. Frederick in a desperate fit of a Lover who saw himself frustrated of the hopes of enjoying the sole object of his his affections was gone to Germany to follow the wars that by a generous death he might put an end to his torments and leave his Familie in repose they pretended to complain of Cardinal Altieri who had been the cause of the loss of that young Gentleman and who had only embarked him for his ruine On that side matters went very well but still Cardinal Altieri stood in need of a person faithful to his Interests to make sure now more than ever of the perseverance of the Lady Cesarini D. Frederick was absent and as the Italians say Lontano da glocchi lontano dal cuore Far from the eyes far from the heart The Pope could not refuse Duke Cesarini the liberty to send to see his Neece because he always kept his Chamber or Bed lame and unable to move through the Gout and Catharres So that there was need of a faithful Trucheman to entertain the correspondence between Cardinal Altieri and the Lady Cesarini No man was so fit for that as Mr. Altoviti Patriarch of Alexandria he was a Prelate of integrity and much experience in the Roman Court he had the direction and superintendence of the Convent of St. Anne and of several others in Rome and was besides intirely at the disposal of those of the Palace so that neither could others doubt of his fidelity nor the adversaries take offence at his Negotiations which were to pass for assistances of the Convent to which his charge engaged him And thus for a long time matters were carried on without noise all things seemed to be stifled and that the marriage of the Lady Cesarini was one of those very common Romances which bring the Lover at length to seek for death to cure his despair and the Lady to shut her self up in a cloyster having lost what she loved in the world But these appearances husht not the passion of the Colonna's on the contrary they grew very watchful to observe all that passed they had intelligence enough in France to know all that the Sforza's did there for obtaining the King's consent to the marriage of D. Frederick and began already to perceive their credit because the French Ambassador seemed not so much concerned in the matter as he had formerly been sticking only in the general proposition that the Lady Cesarini might be free in her choice of a Husband that should please his Majesty At Rome where one may say that Spies do Reign as Men Reign by Spies there wanted not some to discover the Intrigue of Mr. Altoviti with the Sforza's and Altieri besides that the frequent comings and goings and the assiduities of that Prelate at the Convent of St. Anne his interviews and visits to the Sforza's were much suspected by them They were even told that D. Frederick since his departure had been secretly introduced to the Lady Cesarini some went further and said that there was no more wanting to the Marriage but the consummation and that it had been performed by the Ministry of Mr. Altieri with all the necessary dispensations on the part of the Pope The Colonna's affected as much silence as their adversaries they testified no resentment against Mr. Altoviti they seemed insensible of all these Intrigues but the greatest calm is commonly followed by some furious storme There were but two persons that with the Intelligence of Cardinal Altieri had the conduct of the affair to wit the Aunt of D. Frederick a Nun in the Convent of St. Anne and Mr. Altoviti who was the Director of the same Nothing could be done to the Nun and it seemed that even Mr. Altoviti ought to have been secured from any attempt by his character of Patriarch his habit of a Prelate and many other qualities that rendred him venerable not to speak of the express Orders which he had from the Palace for all that he did Nevertheless one evening as that Prelate returning from St. Anne passed over the Ponte sixto some men unknown discharged two Carabine shot at him through the back of his Coach with so much justness that they retired believing that he could not but die before he went far for he was indeed shot behind in the neck and the bullet came out side-ways under his Shoulders he called out for help and causing himself to be carried to the next house which belonged to a friend of his called Falconieri he prepared himself for death but the shot was not so dangerous for in a few weeks he was cured There were few that did not regret the mischance of Mr. Altoviti he received in crouds the testimonies thereof from the greatest part of the Court and even from those who were most to be suspected for having a hand in that black action A friend of mine at that time made a Latine Distick which went through the hands of all the Court and thus was it Barbare quid violas violento tingere tentas Sanguine quas tingi murice Roma dabat But the Authors of this crime were talked of with great reserve Cardinal Altieri himself against whom this blow directly rebounded seemed not very eager in the search of the offenders perhaps he expected that they should have discovered themselves and that fear which betrays most part of criminals would make them take some resolution from whence they might draw evidence so that spies were set to observe what countenance men had in the Palaces of the Colonna's if they were more upon their guard than usually if there was no talk of retiring under some pretext into the Countrey and such like things which are signes of distrust and by consequence of a guilty conscience Though the Constable or his Brother were upon better grounds suspected than any body else and in manner the only persons that were believed capable of such an enterprise through the passion which with some reason did animate them against those who endeavoured the ruine of the younger Brother yet nothing appeared of it and next morning after the action was committed the Constable was seen at his windows beholding some young men who after the usual manner were riding the great Horse in his Court. Information was taken but very slowly for the discovery of the assassinats without attacquing those on whom fell the common suspicion whence it was easily concluded that Cardinal Altieri would not engage any deeper with them because it would have drawn upon him too many enemies to encounter and have occasioned too much noise besides it would have been in vain to have indicted them criminally having no evidence to prove the manner of the action nor what persons had committed it
However Cardinal Altieri triumphed in this that his adversaries were blamed and reproached by all men for so unworthy an action though no body durst speak freely especially since it was known that even in the Palace there was no great appearance of resentment yet people moved by compassion for a Prelate of that merit or by the horror of such an assassination conceived an aversion for the Colonna's who were believed to be the Authors thereof On the other hand the Colonna's were not vexed in their minds that the action was believed to proceed from them because Cardinal Altieri not daring to shew any publick resentment it rendred them the more formidable they were not vexed that there adherents published through Rome that the Colonna's were powerful Lords that they were able enough to hold the Bason to the Nephews Beard that is there way of speaking tenere il bacile all a barba that they could arm such a number of men for their defence and call them to Rome with a whistle that they had the protection of Crowns and many other discourses of Romish bravery Though such discourses were ridiculous with those that know what the power of a Pope is in his States and of Princes who are reckoned upon but as his Subjects especially now adays yet still they made some impressions on the minds of the Roman people who are alike inclinable to admire and to despise This made Cardinal Altieri send for several Troops of Horse to come to Rome under pretext of a Muster to the end he might awe the People by letting them see that the Pope for all he is so peaceable a Prince yet is never without Armed Men ready to obey the least Signal Some imagined that they were called to back some enterprise against the Collonna's but it was more probable that these men were assembled at Rome to observe the countenance of the Collonna's and to be ready to take some advantage upon them if they had armed or gone out of Town since no new thing happening some dayes after the Soldiers were sent back to their Quarters And this was all the satisfaction that Mr. Altoviti had for having sacrifised himself to the Intrigues of the Palace and all the consequence of an action of so much noise Some other Nephew of a Pope would not perhaps have stopt there but it was enough for Altieri to gain the chief end which he proposed to himself and he thought it would sufficiently humble the Colonna's if he succeeded in the Marriage of the Lady Cesarini The Colonna's and Sforza's laboured to gain the French Ambassadour and the Duke Cesarini the one to hinder and the others to get the Marriage concluded in their favours for D. Lelio appeared no more upon the Stage and that point Cardinal Altieri had already gained but the Sforza's had this advantage besides upon the Colonna's that the young Lady had an inclination for D. Frederick that the French Ambassadour gave them good words and bid them make friends at Court for obtaining the Kings approbation and that he would not oppose it He did the same with the Colonna's which put Duke Cesarini to that pass that he knew not what to do nor what side to take being besides moved by the sighs of a Neece though by his promise engaged to the Colonna's As he was one day complaining of the importunities that were made to him upon the account of that Marriage and that it was an addition to the trouble he suffered of being alwayes sick a Bed a person of merry humour that was present told him ' Ysaith my Lord Duke to make them all friends I advise you to Marry and to take a Lady that has wit and industry enough to give you a Child in Nine Months time This he said familiarly and laughing because Duke Cesarini could not so much as stir himself In fine the Colonna's perceiving that all their Engines were fruitless that Madamoisell Cesarini continued constant in her resolution that the French Ambassador stood neutral that the King gave the Lady her liberty to take D. Frederick upon the conditions mentioned in the Testament that the Sforza's were engaged in the French Faction their last recourse was to the Canon-Law Madamoisel Cesarini had made a Vow of Stability in the Convent where she was bred It must be decided if that Vow hindered her to marry and if there was need of a Dispensation His Holiness at the desire of the Colonna's named Commissioners to examine the quality of that Vow who having consulted written and deliberated thereupon Judged that kind of Bond was but a simple Promise before God which had not the force of a Solemn Vow and from which her Confessor Authorised by the Pope might absolve her So that there remained no more to put an end to that perplexity but to Joyn the two Parties by the Bond of Marriage D. Frederick was already recalled from Germany and had been some time at Rome without appearing publickly that he might not expose himself to some insult of his Adversaries The French Ambassador and Duke Cesarini consented to the Marriage but to pacifie the Colonna's and comfort the Duke of Sonino as Justice did require having married the younger Sister upon the good faith and promise of the elder it was agreed upon that under the protection of the King of France the childen of the two Sisters should share amongst them the Estate of the Duke Cesarini their Unckle after his Death or whensoever he should be pleased to resign it And thus ye have the Catastrophe of a Play that made so much shew upon the most illustrious Theater of Christendom and though the Intrigue of a Marriage made the Plot yet Love had a far less share in it than Interest and this is not to be wondred at seeing the Scene is laid in a Countrey where galantry yields commonly to policy Since the Marriage the two Sisters and their Husbands are made good Friends by the authority of the most Christian King who hath taken these two Houses into his Protection whereof he hath given them an illustrious Mark by the blew Ribbon wherewith he hath honoured them as a testimony that they are the worthy inheritours of the Zeal which the late Duke Cesarini had for the Interests of the French Crown CHAP. III. The Intrigues of Cardinal Palazzi Altieri in the Promotion of several Cardinals IF Men reflected on the Dignity of the Cardinalship methinks that other wayes should be thought on for attaining to it than most part of those who have advanced to that dignity have followed Whatsoever People are pleased to say of that dignity yet it is by it that one enters into a Society out of which for a long time have been chosen the Popes who in the Language of the Court are the visible heads of the Church the Successors of St. Peter and the Vicars of Jesus Christ So that there is none of those who constitute that Sacred Colledge that may not pretend
made them to Madrid and Vienna that they might thereupon have the opinions of their Princes who had concerned themselves in the difference Nevertheless the matter coming into negotiation on each side they yielded all of a sudden and condescended to the accommodation which they had disputed and wherein they found no other advantage at least that hath been apparent but a weak protestation of Cardinal Nitard that it was never in his thoughts to offend them and that he was displeased at what had passed which he did in a visit that was rendered him by the Ambassadors of the Emperor and Spain where they owned him for the Popes Nephew and in that quality treated with him They proceeded not in that without imparting their resolution to the Ambassadors of France and Venice and it was no difficult matter for them to draw the latter into their party who might very lawfully rest contented with the satisfaction that pleased the other two But the Duke d'Estrees let them take their course and told them that his Master had other pretensions and motives not to be content with the conduct of Altieri that though the satisfaction which they accepted were sufficient to repare what had happened upon the account of the â—dict which nevertheless he could hardly be perswaded of yet he would not admit of it unless he had the other satisfactions which the King pretended to be his due It is not known by what Maxim of policy the Ministers of Spain so suddenly remitted their pretensions seeing they have the esteem not to let go their hold easily and to be more firm and stedfast than the French especially in matter of resentment and revenge the Politicks of that change after so publick and solemn declarations cannot be observed All that can be said of it is that by so low a compliance they intended to make their Court and leave the Duke d'Estrees in the lurch Some without any ground have been pleased to say that Cardinal Altieri gained the Spaniards by giving them hopes of assisting them under-hand for the recovery of Messina or that at least they yielded easily to him that by gaining the Pope in condescending to Altieri they believed they might hamper the Duke d'Estrees and put him in the wrong giving out that the French Nation is never content that they are troublesome every where and insupportable in all places where they can have footing This they put the Italians in head of but they are not now adayes so apt to believe these suggestions seeing it is a Proverb with them that Sono morti tutti i mutti francesi e tutti i savy spagnuoli That all the French Fooles are dead and all the Wise Spaniards They have proofes of this by the reputation and wise conduct which the King has held at Rome for some time wherein that Court has perceived that there is nothing now to be got of the French by the Maxim heretofore observed of tiring them out by length of time and so prevailing on their natural impatience This hath made Cardinal Altieri yield and to use the recommendations and intercessions of Friends with his Majesty in the present affaires from which good success may be expected if the Pope live any time and when he shall die it will give a great stroak for the satisfaction of his Majesty in a Court which is wholly governed by example and in the most important deliberations looks alwayes back to what hath been done in times past CHAP. VI. Of the Conduct of Cardinals and Ministers and on what foot they stand in the Court of Rome IT was my desire to have continued my reflexions on the Conduct of Cardinal Altieri but just as I was thinking to trace his proceedings the death of Clement the X. which gives another face to the whole Court of Rome hath likewise put that Cardinal and his affairs in a different posture from what they were before so that the first designe which related to matters that are not of this time would be useless and could not now be performed That obliges me to turn mine eyes on that which in my opinion is most remarkable at all times in the Court of Rome and especially during the vacancy of the See This will be a diversion full of Instruction for those who either have not seen that Court or who have spent some time there without reflecting on what occurs in it as it is the case of many men That Court as we have said is composed of Cardinals and Ministers The Cardinals may be divided into a certain number of Parties which have their several Heads The Ministers are divided into Domestick and Forreign A LIST of the CARDINALS according to their Factions in the year 1676. The First Division of Cardinals I. The Barbarini Faction or the Faction of the Old Colledge 1. FRancis Barbarini Nephew of Pope VRBIN VIII a Florentine Bishop of Ostia Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church Dean of the Sacred Colledge promoted in the year 1623. 2. Vlderick Carpegna of Vrbin Bishop of Porto in the year 1633. 3. Julius Gabrieli a Roman Bishop of Sabina in the year 1641. 4. Cesar Fachinetti a Bolonian Bishop of Palestrina in the year 1643. 5 Charles Rossetti of Ferara Bishop of Faenza First Priest Cardinal 1643. 6. Charles Barbarini a Roman of the Creation of Innocent the X. in the year 1653. II. The Faction of Innocent X. called the Squadron Volant NIcholas Ludovisio a Bolonian great Penitentiary promoted in the year 1645. Alderan Cibo of the Princes of Massa of Carrara 1645. Bennet Odescalchi of Coma in the Duchy of Milan 1645. Louis Homodei a Milanese 1652. Peter Ottoboni a Vonetian 1652. Francis Albrizi of Catena in Romania 1655. Decius Azzolini of Fermo in the Marque 1654. All these are of the Creation of Innocent the X. III. The Faction called the Faction of Chigi FLavius Chigi a Sienese Nephew of Alexander VII the Head 1657. Jerome Bonvisi of Luca 1657. Anthony Bichi a Sienese 1657. James Franzone a Genoese 1658. Peter Vidoni of Cremona 1660. Gregory Barbrigo a Venetian Bishop of Padua 1660. Jerome Boncampagni a Bolonian Archbishop of Bolonia 1664. Alfonsus Litta a Milanese Archbishop of Milan 1664. Nerius Corsini a Florentine 1664. Charles Bonelli a Roman 1664. Celius Picolomini a Sienese Archbishop of Siena 1664. Charles Caraffa a Neopolitan 1664. John Nicolas Conti a Roman Bishop of Aucona 1664. John Savelli a Roman 1664. James Nini a Sienese 1664. Julius Spinola a Genoese 1666. Innigo Caraccioli a Neopolitan Archbishop of Naples 1666. John Delphini a Venetian Patriarch of Aquilea 1667. Sigismond Chigi a Sienese 1667. They are all of the Creation of Alexander the VII except Sigismond Chigi who was promoted by Clement IX IV. The Faction of the Rospigliosi's JAmes Rospigliosi of Pistria Nephew to Clement the IX Head of the Party 1667. Charles Cerri a Roman Bishop of Ferrara 1669. Lazarus Palavicini a Genoese 1669. Nicholas Acciaioli a Florentine 1669. Bonacorso Bonacorsi of