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A89952 Reasons why the supreme authority of the three nations (for the time) is not in the Parliament, but in the new-established Councel of State, consisting of His Excellence the Lord General Cromvvel, and his honourable assessors. Written in answer to a letter sent from a gentleman in Scotland to a friend of his in London. To which is added the letter it self. C. N. 1653 (1653) Wing N6; Thomason E697_19; ESTC R202945 18,691 32

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REASONS WHY THE Supreme Authority OF THE THREE NATIONS For the time Is not in the PARLIAMENT BUT In the new-established Councel of State CONSISTING OF His Excellence the Lord General CROMVVEL And his honourable Assessors Written in answer to a Letter sent from a Gentleman in Scotland to a friend of his in London To which is added the Letter it self Printed at London and are to be sold by Rich. Moone at the seven Stars in Pauls Church-yard neer the great North-door 1653. The LETTER THis late dissolution of the Parliament puts us all here in a maze and the most of this Country conceive themselves thereby to be in a worse condition then ever both for that the little blossoming hopes which the People here especially the Clergy were beginning to entertaine of some favour from the Presbyterian party sitting in the House are now quite blasted and blown away as likewise because we apprehend how justly I cannot tell that the unexperiencedness and illiteracie of military men in the disquisition of divine or legal concernments will by all appearance bring us to submit our necks to the absolute uncontroulable and arbitrary yoak of the sword into which jealousies we are the more forcibly driven that we think that act whereby a rupture was made into the sacred authority of England to have been both rash unlawfull and strange and that so much the more that those Parliamentary men were accounted the refuge and sanctuary of the People the Representatives of the Nation the braines of that politick body whereof the Army is but the hands and chusers and preferrers of these very men to their respective places that were the extruders of them I pray you Sir let me have your opinion of this great and sudden change by the next Post whether you think the proceeding illegal or no if conducible or destructive to the good of Scotland and how England and Ireland stand affected to the now established Councel This Tuesday May 10. 1653. Your most humble servant C.N. The ANSWER Sir SOme other returnes from me to former Letters of yours upon subjects of the nature of that which came to my hands this Munday the 16 of May having as often as they were sent received from you that acceptance which by spirits of your ingenuity is usually bestowed on men of such unprejudicate opinions as out of my affection to truth without by-endes of my own I have oftentimes very freely laid before you do now encourage me in answer to your last of the date of the 10 of May by which you are pleased to demand my sentiment concerning the new established authority after the abrupt dissolution of the late tridecennial Parliament to give my pen as much scope for your satisfaction and the undeceiving of those that possibly are mis-informed of my Lord General his honorable Councel of Officers as in the interval betwixt the time of Mundays coming packet that of Tuesdays going one I can get snatched from my other too too urgent occasions Therefore do I expect of your courtesie in case no more pressing busines deprive me of leisure that you would be pleased to pardon the contingence of my excursion beyond the ordinary limits of an Epistle the prolixity will undoubtedly prove to you the less tedious that you be thereby informed of the lawfulness of the change of the Nations of England and Irelands approbation of it and of Scotlands greater apparent happiness under it then the former Government of all being mentioned in your Letter I am obliged in answer thereto to give you the best account I can Here do I intend to propound little or nothing of Necessity although the most of the Parliamentary writers make that to be the main reason of turning the Monarchy of this Land unto a State and that many others have said that the preservation of both the Army and Country did totally depend upon this late resolute action of breaking up the Parliament it shall suffice me and I hope not displease you that I endeavour to justifie the deed by the mildest and most moderate arguments can be devised and of a nature averse from aspersing but as little as may be any former Judicatory Now if the question be stated whether the Supreme authority be in the Parliament or the Army and that for the establishment thereof both power and lawfulness be necessarily required I doubt me all reason will carry it for the Army Here would I intreat such as are of another opinion to make appear what it is they mean by the word Parliament whether it be that kind of convention which the army did allow to sit at Westm or the preceding one consisting of King Lords and Commons which as the soul of man is said to comprehend the rational sensitive and vegetative faculties was first constituted triennial and afterwards by vertue of the same Royal source from whence the former grant did flow prolonged or perpetuated at the pleasure and discretion of the sitters I believe that those who having declared against Monarchy do cordially decline it will rather admit of the former acception of the word though perhaps it be said that the army derived its power from the Parliament and not the Parliament from it for I may say that the Lords and Commons chose the Army which Army when the Lords many of the Commons had by pressing too hard upon the Liberty of the subject forfeited their places took into their protection that part of the House which voted down Monarchy and was called the Representatives of England by which means I take it to be clear enough that the Supremacy is in the Army till they be pleased to resigne it in the fovour of new Representatives for Parliaments were never hithereto called but by Kings or Queens of a regal power and that to parley with them and advise them in difficult matters so that the very word thereof seemeth to savour of malignancy and probably ought to have been altered as the terme of the lower House was turned to that of the House of Commons Nevertheless passing by meer words there being nothing more certain then that the thing signified by the word Parliament was nothing else but the Kings great Councel there being no more King such a Counsel by infallible consequence is a non-entitie and therefore Monarchy being extinct the government of the Nation is inherent for the time in the persons of my Lord General and his Councel of Officers Let not the Nation or any one therein startle at this for as it is just where the power of Protection is that there should be the Authority all of us owing obedience to those that do protect us so is it no new thing that so legal a right be practically exerced is it not plainly set down in the Judges how Ehud after having killed King Eglon ruled all Israel for the space of many years did not the Empire of Rome enlarge it self farther under the command of the