with a generous and Hospitable Person THE LIFE of BIAS BIAS of Priene was the Son of Teutamus and by Satyrus preferred before all the rest of the seven Wiseman Doris will not allow him to be born at Priene but says he was a Stranger But several affirm him to have been very Rich and Phanodicus tells us That he redeem'd the Messenian Virgins being taken Captive bred 'em at home as his own Daughters and then sent 'em back to their Parents with every one a Portion in mony Soon after the Golden Tripos being found as we have already declar'd with this Inscription To the Wisest Satyrus relates how that the Messenian Virgins but others and among the rest Phanodicus that their Parents came into the Assembly and declaring what he had done pronounced him the Wisest Man. Whereupon the Tripos was sent to Bias who beholding it declar'd Apollo to be wiser than himself and so refus'd it Others report that he Consecrated it to Theban Hercules for that either he was there born or else because Priene was a Colony of the Thebans which Phanodicus also testifies It is reported when Priene his native Country was besieged by Alyattes that Bias fatted two Mules for the nonce and drave 'em into the Enemies Camp. Which Alyattes seeing began to be amaz'd to see the pamper'd Beasts so plump and smooth However before he rais'd his Siege he resolv'd to send some person under the pretence of certain Propositions to spy the condition of the City But Bias well aware of the King's design having caus'd several heaps of Sand to be cover'd with Wheat led the Messenger about to satisfie his Curiosity Which being reported to the King he presently made a Peace with the Prieneans Soon after when the King sent for Bias to come to him Bid him said he go eat Onions and that would make him weep He is reported to have been a most notable pleader of Causes but that still he us'd the force of his Eloquence on the right side Which Demodocus intimated when he said that an Orator was to imitate the Prienaean manner of Pleading And Hipponax when he gave this applause to any one That he pleaded better than Bias of Priene His death happen'd after this manner He had in his old Age pleaded a Cause for a friend of his After he had done being tired with declaming he rested his Head in the Bosom of his Sister's Son. In the mean time his Adversary having pleaded against him the Judges gave Sentence for his Client But then so soon as the Court rose he was found dead in the Bosom of his Nephew The City however made a sumptuous Funeral for him and caus'd this Anagram to be inscrib'd upon his Monument This Marble by the fam'd Priene rear'd Iona's Glory covers here interr'd To which we may add another of our own For Bias this whom in a gentle Dream Hermes convey'd to the Elysian stream Yet not till Age upon his Hair had snow'd When spent with pleading in the sultry Crowd His friend's just Cause he went aside to rest His drooping Head against his Nephew's Breast Whence in a Trance expiring his last Breath He fell asleep into the Arms of Death He wrote concerning the Affairs of Iona more especially by what means it might preserve it self in a happy and flourishing condition to the number of two Thousand Verses in Heroic Measure The choicest of his Sentences were these To be complaisant and familiar among the People where we live as being that which begat both love and respect Whereas a haughty demeanour prov'd many times the occasion of much mischief That to be stout was the gift of Nature to advise what was profitable to a Man's Country was the gift of a Prudent Mind but that Wealth was to many the benignity of Fortune He accounted him unfortunate that could not brook misfortune and said it was a disease of the Soul to love and desire impossibilities and to be unmindful of other Mens miseries Being ask'd what was difficult He answer'd Generously to brook an alteration for the worse Going a Voyage once with certain irreligious Persons who in the height of a raging Tempest loudly invok'd the Gods Peace said he lest they come to understand that you are here Being ask'd by an irreligious person what irreligion was To a second question why he made no answer He reply'd Because thou askest me that which nothing concerns thee To the question what was pleasing to Men He answer'd Hope He said it was more easie to determine differences between Enemies than Friends For that of two Friends the one would prove an Enemy but of two Enemies the other would become a Friend To the question What was most delightful for a Man to do He answer'd To be always gaining He advis'd Men so to measure their lives as they that were to live either a long or a short time and so to love as if we were to hate His Admonitions were Slowly to undertake an intended design but to persist in what a Man has once resolv'd upon Not to let the Tongue run before the Wit as being a sign of madness To love Prudence To discourse of the Gods as they are Not to praise an unworthy person for the sake of his wealth To receive perswading not constraining Whatever good we do to ascribe it to the Gods To take wisdom for our provision in our Journey from Youth to Old Age as being the most certain and durable of all other Possessions Hipponax also makes mention of Bias and the morose Heraclitus gives him the highest Applause in these words Bias the Son of Teutamus was born at Priene much more esteem'd than all the rest And the Prienaeans consecrated a Temple to him by the name of Tentameion THE LIFE of CLEOBULUS CLeobulus the Lindian was the Son of Evagoras but as Doris relates a Carian And some there are who derive his descent from Hercules but that he excell'd the Hero in strength and beauty That he learn'd his Philosophy in Egypt and that he had a Daughter Cleobuline who compos'd several Enigmaes in Hexameter Verse Of whom also Cratinus makes mention in a Poem of the same name writing in the Plural Number Farther it is reported That he repair'd the Temple of Minerva at Athens built by Danaus He also compos'd several Songs and obscure Problems to the number of three thousand Verses And some affirm that he made the following Epigram upon Midas I am that Brazen Virgin fixed here To Midas Tomb that never hence must stir Who till the liquid waters cease to flow And the tall Trees in Woods forbear to grow Till Phoebus once forget his course to run And the pale Moon for sake her Mate the Sun Till springs of Rivers stopt their Streams no more Into the dry'd up Sea shall headlong pour Must here remain by a perpetual Doom To tell that Midas lies beneath this Tomb. This they confirm by the Testimony of Simonides where he cries out What Man
safe for thee However 't is my opinion that a Monarch is not always safe at home and therefore I account him to be the most happy Tyrant that escapes the stab of Conspiracy and dies at last in his own Bed. THE LIFE of PITTACUS PIttacus born at Mitylene was the Son of Hyrrhadius yet Doris asserts his Father to have been a Thracian This was he who together with the Brothers of Alcanus utterly ruined Melancher the Tyrant of Lesbos And in the Contest between the Athenians and Mityleneans about the Territory of Achillitis he being General of the Mityleneans challenged Phryno the Athenian Chieftain to fight with him Hand to Hand at what time carrying a Net under his Buckler he threw it over Phryno's Shoulders when he least dreamed of any such thing and by that means having slain his Antagonist he recovered the Land to the Mityleneans Afterwards according to the relation of Apollodorus in his Chronicle another dispute happening between the Mityleneans and Athenians about the same Land Periander who was made Judg of the Controversy gave it for the Athenians But then it was that the Mityleneans held Pittacus in high Esteem and surrender'd the Supream Government into his Hands which after he had managed for ten Years and established those Orders and Regulations that he thought convenient he again resigned into the Hands of the People and lived ten Years after that For these great Benefits done to his Country the Mityleneans conferred on him a quantity of Land which he towards his latter End consecrated to Pious Uses Sosicrates writes that he restored back the one half of the Land saying at the same time That the half was more than the whole Sometime after when Croesus sent him a Summ of Money he refused to accept it saying that he had twice as much more as he desired For his Brother dying without Issue the Estate fell to him Pamphilus in his first Book of Memorandums relates that he had a Son whose name was Pyrrhaeus who was kill'd as he was sitting in a Barbers Chair at Cumae by a Smith that threw a Hatchet into the Shop for which the Murtherer was sent in Fetters by the Cumans to Pittaeus that he might punish him as he pleased himself But Pittacus after he had fully examined the Matter released and pardoned the Prisoner with this Saying that Indulgence was to be preferred before Repentance Heraclitus also relates that when he had taken Alcaeus Prisoner he let him go saying that Pardon was to be preferred before Punishment He ordained that Drunkards offending in their Drink should be doubly Punished to make Men the more wary how they got tipsy for the Island abounds in Wine Among his Apothegms these were some of the choicest That it was a difficult thing to be Vertuous Of which Simonides and Plato in Protagoras make mention That the Gods could not withstand Necessity That Command and Rule declare the Genius of the Man. Being demanded what was best he answered To do well what a Man is about To Croesus's Question which was the largest Dominion he answered That of the Varie-coloured Wood meaning the Laws written upon wooden Tables He applauded those Victories that were obtained without Bloodshed To Phocaicus who told him they wanted a diligent frugal Man We may seek said he long enough before we find one To them that asked him what was most desirable He answered Time. To what was most obscure Futurity To what was most Faithful The Earth To what was most Faithless The Sea. He was wont to say that it was the Duty of Prudent Men before Misfortunes happened to foresee and prevent ' em Of Stout and Couragious Men to bear their adversity Patiently Never said he talk of thy designs beforehand lest thy miscarriage be derided never to upbraid the misfortunes of any Man for fear of just Reprehension always to restore a Trust committed to thy Care never to backbite an Enemy much less a Friend to practise Piety and honour Temperance to love Truth Fidelity Experience Urbanity Friendship and Diligence His Axioms were chiefly these to encounter a wicked Man with a Bow and Quiver full of Arrows for that there was no truth to be expected from a loquacious Tongue where the Breast conceal'd a double Heart He composed about six hundred Elegiac Verses and several Laws in Prose for the Benefit of his Fellow-Citizens He flourished in the forty second Olympiad and died in the third Year of the fifty second Olympiad during the Reign of Aristomenes after he had lived above seventy Years worn out and broken with old Age and being buried in Lesbos this Epitaph was engrav'd upon his Monument Here lies the far fam'd Pittacus for whom The mournful Lesbians made this sacred Tomb. This was he whose general Admonition it was To observe the Season There was also another Pittacus a Legislator likewise according to Favorinus in his first Book of Commentaries and Demetrius in his Homonyma who was surnamed the Little. But as for the Great Pittacus who was also the Wise Pittacus he is reported when a young Gentleman came to take his Advice about Marriage to have returned the same answer which we find recorded by Callimachus in the following Epigram Hyrrhadius Son the far fam'd Pittacus An Atarnaean once demanded thus My Friends said he a double match propose The one a noble and Wealthy Spouse In both my equal t'other now advise My Youth what Choice to make for thou art Wise The Weapons of old Age the Ancient Seer His Staff then raising go said he and hear What yonder Children say for as he spoke The Children in the Street with nimble stroke Their Tops were scourging round to them he goes Go see your Match cries one for equal Blows Which when he heard the Stranger went his way Left Birth and Wealth resolving to obey The Sportive Documents of Childrens Play. But this Councel he seems to have given from woful Experience For he himself had married a noble Dame the Sister of Draco the Son of Penthelus who was a Woman of an insufferable Pride This Pittacus was variously nicknamed by Alcaeus who sometimes called him Splay-Foot and Flatfooted sometimes Cloven-footed because of the Clefts in his Feet sometimes Gauric as being perhaps too much affected in his Gate Sometimes Physcon and Gastron by reason of his prominent Belly Sometimes Bat-Eyed because he was dim-sighted and sometimes Agasyrtus as one that was nasty and careless in his Habit. His usual Exercise was grinding of Wheat with a Hand-Mill There is also extant a short Epistle of his to Croesus Pittacus to Croesus THOU send'st for me into Lydia to behold thy vast Wealth but altho'I never yet beheld it I am contented to believe the Son of Alyattis to be the richest of Monarchs without desiring to be ever the better for coming to Sardis For we want no Gold as having sufficient both for our selves and Friends Nevertheless I intend to visit thee were it only to be acquainted
And beware that none of his friends do light upon thee by the way lest mischief befall thee Some there are by the report of Demetrius who affirm that he receiv'd his Food from the Nymphs which he preserv'd in the Hoof of an Ox of which he took a little at Times never needing Evacuation but that he was never seen to Eat Timaeus also makes mention of him in his Second Book Others there are who say that the Cretans offer'd Sacrifices to him as a God for they aver him to have been most skillful in Divination And therefore observing the Munictrian Port among the Athenians he told 'em that if they knew what Calamities that place would bring upon their City they would tear it up with their Teeth He is said to be the first who call'd himself Aeacus and foretold the Lacedaemonians the Bondage which they should endure under the Arcadians often pretending that he rose from death to life Theopompus also relates That when he was laying the Foundations of a Temple to the Nymphs a voice was heard from Heaven Not to the Nymphs but to Jove himself He likewise foretold the Cretans the issue of the War between the Lacedaemonians and Arcadians in which War being deserted by the Orchomenians they fell into the power of their Enemies There are not wanting some who affirm That he waxed old in so many days as he slept years which Theopompus also testifies And Murianus asserts That he was by the Cretans call'd Curetes The Lacedaemonians preserv'd his Body within their City being advis'd so to do by a certain Oracle as Sosibius the Lacedaemonian reports There were two more of the same name besides the one a writer of Genealogies and the second one that writ the History of Rhodes in the Doric Dialect THE LIFE of PHERECYDES THE Syrian Pherecydes was the Son of Badys as Alexander in his Successions reports and a Hearer of Pittacus He was the first as Theopompus testifies that wrote among the Greeks concerning Nature and the Gods more than that he is famous for many wonderful things for as he was walking near the Sea-shoar upon the Sand seeing a Ship under Sail right afore the Wind he foretold that the Vessel would sink in a short time which soon after happen'd in his sight Another time after he had drank a draught of Water drawn out of a Well he foretold an Earthquake within three days which fell out as he said Travelling thro' Messana to Olympia he advis'd his Friend and Host Perilaus to depart from thence with all his Family which he neglecting to do Messana was soon after taken by the Enemy He was wont to tell the Lacedemonians that neither Gold or Silver were to be valu'd or admir'd And the same night that Hercules commanded the Kings to obey Pherecydes the Deity gave him notice of it in a Dream However some there are do ascribe these things to Pythagoras But Hermippus hath this further of Pherecydes that in the War between the Magnesians and Ephesians he being desirous that the Ephesians should have the better demanded of one that travel'd upon the Road of what place he was who answering of Ephesus Then draw me said he by the Legs and lay me in the Territory of the Magnesians and bid thy fellow Citizens after they have obtain'd the Victory take care to bury me in that place adding withal that he was Pherecydes which when the Passenger had related to his Neighbours they were in great hopes of victory The next day they overthrew the Magnesians and being Victors found Pherecydes dead whom they not only honourably interr'd but held in great veneration afterwards Some say that going to Delphos from Corycium he threw himself from the top of a Mountain But Aristoxenus writing of Pythagoras and his familiar Acquaintance affirms that he dy'd of a sickness and was buried by Pythagoras Some say that he ended his days of the Lowsie Disease and that when Pythagoras coming to visit him ask'd him how he felt himself he answer'd thrusting his finger through the door my skin will tell thee Whence the Expression was ever afterwards taken by the Philosophers in a bad sence Andro the Ephesian asserts that there were two of the same name both Syrians One an Astrologer the other a Theologist whom Pythagoras admir'd On the other side Eratosthenes denies that there was any more than one Syrian but that the other was an Athenian and a writer of Genealogies Moreover there is yet extant a little Treatise written by Pherecydes the Syrian concerning the first Principle of all things which begins thus Jupiter and Time are the same and the Earth was always Upon his Tomb as Doris testifies this Epigram was inscrib'd In me all Wisdom ends if there be more And that Pythagoras enjoys this store Tell him the Truth that Pherecydes speaks It springs again in him among the Greeks Ion the Chiote writes also thus concerning him How sweetly lives his incorrupted Soul Who all the Vertues did himself controul Credit the wise Pythagoras who had seen The Customs and the Manners of most Men. To which we may add that which follows being one of our own in Pherecratian Measure The Learned Pherecyde Whom Syria boasts her own So Fame reports it dy'd By Vermin over-run To the Ephesians kind His Body to Magnesian Land He willingly resign'd The Pledge of Glory gain'd By Victory next day 'T was th' Oracles Command Which he that only knew Resolved to obey And thus to friendship true He dy'd to save his friends So sure it is that where The Wise Men have their Ends They no less useful dye Than when they living were This happen'd about the fifty ninth Olympiad leaving behind this Letter to Thales Pherecydes to Thales MAyest thou dy well when thy fatal day approaches I was taken desperately ill when I receiv'd thy Letters I was cover'd over with Vermin and a Quotidian Ague shook my Bones besides However I left it in charge with some of my Servants that so soon as they had interr'd me they should convey the enclosed to thee Which if thou do'st approve shew it to the rest of the Wise Men if not conceal it for my part I cannot say it pleased me very much I cannot commend it for infallibility for I neither promis'd it neither do I profess to know the Truth of all things Something perhaps of the Theology thou may'st make use of the rest must be consider'd For I rather chose to propose obscurely than to determine But my Distemper every day increasing I am unwilling to lose either any of my Physicians or any of my Friends And to those that ask me how I do I shew my finger through the Door to let 'em see my condition and bid 'em all be sure to come next day to Pherecydes's Funeral And these are they who were call'd the Wise Men to the number of which there are some who add Pisistratus the Tyrant Now we come to the Philosophers and therefore first
and Diana which begins Diana Hail and Thou bright Delian Youth Apollo Hail renowned Off-spring Both. Though Dionysodorus will not allow it to be his He also wrote an Aesopian Fable highly significant and to the purpose which thus began The wise Aesopus his Corinthians taught Not to trust Vertue with the common Rout. This was the Exit which Socrates made out of the World. But soon after the Athenians so sorely repented of what they had done that they shut up for a time all their Places of Public Sports and Exercises And for his Judges some they Exil'd and condemn'd Melitus to Death But the Memory of Socrates they honour'd with a Brazen Statue the Workmanship of Lysippus which they erected in the chiefest Street of the City Anytus also being then beyond the Seas the Heracleots exterminated the same day Nor were the Athenians thus unkind to Socrates alone but to several other Illustrious Persons also For as Heraclides reports they Fin'd Homer fifty Drachma's as being a mad Man and condemn'd Tyrtaeus for a Fool though they honour'd Astydamas the first of Aeschylus's Scholars with a Brazen Statue Which Euripides throws upon 'em as a reproach in his Palamedes Y'have slain y'have slain the Wise sweet-singing Muse That liv'd among ye free from all abuse However Philochorus affirms that Enripides dy'd before Socrates He was born as Apollodorus relates in his Chronicle under the Government of Aphsephion in the fourth year of the 77th Olympiad upon the sixth day of the Month Thargelion or April when the Athenians purifie their City with a Solemn Procession the very same day that the Delians affirm Diana to have been born He dy'd in the first year of the ninety fifth Olympiad in the seventieth year of his Age Which Demetrius Phalereus also testifies in opposition to others who will not allow him to have liv'd above sixty However they were Disciples of Anaxagoras both he and Euripides who was born in the first year of the seventy fifth Olympiad under the Government of Callias Now it seems to me that Socrates apply'd himself also to Natural Philosophy which appears by his Discourses of Providence mention'd by Xenophon though he never made any set Orations but such as concern'd Morality and the well ordering of Humane Life And Plato in his Apology making mention of Anaxagoras and other Philosophers discourses of those things which Socrates is said not to have deny'd as attributing all to Socrates Aristotle also reports that a certain Magician coming out of Syria to Athens reprehended Socrates for many things and foretold his violent Death As for any Epigrams that were made upon him we find no other but this of our own Now Nectar sip among the Gods for thee Great Socrates the Delphian Deity Pronounc'd the Man and sure the God was wise Whom he for wisdom above all did prize Ingrateful Athens in a poyson'd Bowl To Starry Mansions sent thy swimming Soul The more ingrateful they and vile much more That drank such Wisdom from thy Lips before Aristotle tells us in his Poetics that Antiochus of Lemnos and Antiopho an expounder of Prodigies labour'd highly to be his Emulaters as Onatas and Kydo vy'd with Pythagoras Sagaris with Homer living and Xenophanes after his death Cecrops with Hesiod Pindar with Amphimenes the Coan Thales with Pherecydes Bias with Salarus of Priene Pittacus with Antimenides and Alceus Sosibius with Anaxagoras Simonides with Timocreon Now of those that succeeded Socrates and were called Socratics the most eminent were Plato Xenophon and Antisthenes Of those that were call'd the Ten the most famous were Aesthines Phaedo Euclid and Aristippus There was also another Socrates who was an Historian and wrote the History of Argos another a Bithynian and a Peripatetic a third a writer of Epigrams and a fourth a Coan who set down several Forms of Supplications to the Gods. The LIFE of XENOPHON XEnophon an Athenian was the Son of Gryllus Born in the Village of Argeus modest to Excess and the most lovely Person living It is reported that meeting Socrates in a narrow Passage he held up his Stick and having stopped him from going forward asked him where he might purchase such and such things that were necessary for humane Use to which when Socrates had returned him an Answer Socrates asked him again where good and vertuous Men were to be found which sudden question putting Xenophon to a non-plus Follow me then said Socrates and Learn and so from thenceforth Xenophon became a Hearer of Socrates and was the first who taking Notes of what he heard afterwards made his Observations public in writing to all the World being also the first that wrote the History of the Philosophers He was in Love with Cliniâ—s as Aristippus relates in his fourth Book of the delights of the Ancients to whom he is said to have used these Expressions And now Clinias I behold thee with more delight than all things else whatever that are accounted Beautiful among Men. Nor would I value my being Blind as to all other Objects so I might enjoy the Sight of Clinias only But I am perplexed all Night and disquieted in my Dreams because I see not Him. But I return the choicest of my Thanks to Day and to the Suâ— because they shew me Clinias again As for his Friendship with Cyrus he gained it in this manner There was then in the Persian Court a familiar Friend of his Proxenus by Name by Birth a Boeotian the Disciple of Gorgius Leontinus well known to Cyrus and by him highly beloved He remaining at Sardis with Cyrus sent an Epistle to Xenophon and then at Athens inviting him to an Acquaintance with the Prince Xenophon shewed the Letter to Socrates and asked his Advice who sent him to Delphos to consult the Oracle Thither Xenophon went in obedience to Socrates and enquires of the Deity not whether he should go to Cyrus but after what manner For which tho' Socrates modestly blamed him yet he advised him to go Thereupon he went and ingratiated himself in such a manner with the young Prince that he became no less his Friend than Proxenus As for what happened in the ascent of Cyrus and the return of the Greeks he himself has given us a perfect account with his own Pen. But he hated Meno the Pharsalian at the time of the Ascent Commander of the Foreign Troops who among other Reproaches upbraided him with his Excess of Male-Venery Moreover he was wont to scoff at Apollonides and tell him that his Ears were bored After the Ascent his misfortunes in Pontus and the violation of the Leagues he had made with Seuthus King of the Odrysians he marched into Asia and join'd with Agesilaus King of the Lacedemonians and listing under his Command the Souldiers that he brought along with him he became his familiar Acquaintance at what time because he seemed to take part with the Lacedemonians he was Condemn'd and Exil'd by the Athenians Marching then to Ephesus and being full of
King's Presents both accepted of his Invitation and held private Conferences with him he would neither do one nor t'other Neither indeed was it for Philip's interest to admit him Wherefore when the Ambassadors return'd to Athens they complain'd Xenocrates had done 'em no Service upon which the Senate was ready to have Fin'd him But being inform'd by himself when he came to plead in his own justification how much it behov'd 'em at that time more than ever to take care of the City in regard that Philip had corrupted his Accusers already but could never bring him over to his Designs then they gave him double honour And Philip himself afterwards confess'd that of all the Ambassadors that were sent to his Court only Xenocrates was the Person whom no Gold could dazle Another time being sent Ambassador to Antipater for the Redemption of the Athenian Captives taken in the Lamiac War and invited by the Prince to a Banquet he return'd him these Verses in answer O Circe thy allurements tempt in vain The Man whose Vertue prudent thoughts sustain For who can come with pleasure to a Feast Before he see his Captive Friends releas'd Which was so well taken by the Prince that he presently order'd all the Captives their liberty Another time a Sparrow being pursu'd by a Hawk flew into his Bosom where he secur'd the Bird saying withal That it was not generous to betray a Suppliant Being sharply reprimanded by Bion he would make him no return saying That Tragedy when injur'd by Comedy never vouchsafed her any answer To one who neither understanding Music Geometry nor Astronomy would yet frequent his School Be gone said he for thou want's◠the supports of Philosophy Others report that he thus reprov'd him For this is no place to hatchel Wooll in Dionysius threatning Plato in these words Some body will take off thy head Xenocrates being present and shewing his own No body said he before he take off this Farther they report of him that Antipater coming to Athens and saluting him he return'd no answer to the Prince until he had finish'd the discourse which he had begun Lastly being a great contemner of Pomp and Vain-glory many times he spent the day time in Contemplation and dedicated one hour particularly to Silence The most of the Commentaries proverbial Verses and Exhortations which he left behind him were these Of Nature six Books Of Philosophy six Of Riches one Arcas one Of Infinity one Of a Boy one Of Continency one Of Profitable one Of a Freeman One Of Death one Of Voluntary Acts one Of Friendship two Of Writing one Of Memory one Of Modesty one Of Contrary two Of Felicity two Of a Lye one One inscrib'd Callicles Of Prudence two One Oeconomic Of Frugality one Of the Power of the Law one Of a Common-wealth one Of Sanctity one That Vertue is subject to Treachery one Of that which is one Of Fate one Of Perturbations one Of Lives one Of Concord one Of Disciples one Of Justice one Of Vertue two Of Specios one Of Pleasure two Of Life one Of Knowledge one One Political Of Fortitude one Of the Number one Of Idea's one Of Art one Of the Gods two Of the Soul two Of Skill one One call'd Parmenides Archedemus or of Justice one Of Good one Of those things that belong to the mind eight A solution of those things that happen to discourse one Of Natural Hearing six One entitl'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Head Of Kinds and Species one Pythagories one Solution two Divisions eight Books of Positions thirty three Of the study and practice of Discourse fourteen After this fifteen Books and sixteen more Of Logical Instructions concerning reading six Of things relating to the Mind other two Books Of Geometricians five Books Of Commentaries one Of Contraries one Of Numbers one Of the Theory of Numbers one Of Intervals one Of those things that belong to Astrology six Elements to Alexander concerning Rule four To Arybas To Ephestion Of Geometry 345 Verses Nevertheless as great a person as he was the Athenians sold him once thinking to break his heart by Exilement He was bought by Demetrius Phalereus who salv'd up the matter between both to their satisfaction by restoring Xenocrates to his liberty and ordering the Athenians to receive their Exile This is recorded by Myronianus the Amastrian in the first of his Historical similar Chapters He succeeded Speusippus and govern'd his School five and twenty years beginning under Lysimachus in the second year of the 110th Olympiad He dy'd in the night-time stumbling at a Platter in the fourscore and second year of his age Whose death produc'd these following Lines of ours Xenocrates so learned and so grave Mark what a strange Fate brought him to his Grave 'T was late and dark and in his way a Platter Now whether toapt or sober 't is no matter But stumbling down he fell and broke his forehead And what was yet far more to be deplored Depriv'd of time to speak he only groan'd His Soul abhorring such a Scullion wound There were five others of the same name the first very ancient and both a Kinsman to the forementioned Philosopher and his Fellow-Citizen There goes about in public a Poem of his Entitl'd Arsinoetica upon Arsinoe deceas'd Another a Philosopher and a writer of Elegies but little taken notice of For so it happens that Poets endeavouring to write in Prose fortunately succeed but writers of Prose when they give themselves to Poetry unhappily falter And the reason is because the one is the Gift of Nature the other the Toyl of Art. The other was a Statuary and the last by the testimony of Aristoxenes a Writer of Odes The LIFE of POLEMO POlemo an Athenian the Son of Philostratus and born in the Village called Oeta when he was a young Man was so dissolute and profuse that it was his custom to carry summs of Money along with him where-ever he went that he might be provided still with sufficient supplies for the satisfaction of his pleasures Nay he would hide his money up and down in holes and corners of the streets in so much that some of his Cash was found in the Academy near a certain Pillar laid there to be ready when he had occasion to fetch it for his private uses Now it happen'd that one time among the rest as had been agreed between him and his companions in the height of their Carousing that in a drunken frolick with his Garland upon his head he brake into Xenocrates's School Who nothing disturb'd at the rudeness of such Roysters pursu'd his discourse which then fell out to be concerning Temperance the more vigorously And this Oration it was which so prevail'd at first upon the list'ning Debauchee that stopping the Career of his Extravagance at length he became quite reclaim'd And such were the effects of his laborious and industrious studies that he surpassed all others and himself succeeded in the School beginning from the hundred