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A20450 A boke named Tectonicon briefely shewynge the exacte measurynge, and speady reckenynge all maner lande, squared tymber, stone, steaples, pyllers, globes. [et]c. Further, declaringe the perfecte makinge and large vse of the carpenters ruler, conteyninge a quadrant geometricall: comprehendinge also the rare vse of the squire. And in thende a lyttle treatise adioyned, openinge the composicion and appliancie of an instrument called the profitable staffe. With other thinges pleasaunt and necessary, most conducible for surueyers, landemeaters, ioyners, carpenters, and masons. Published by Leonarde Digges gentleman, in the yere of our Lorde. 1556.; Tectonicon Digges, Leonard, d. 1571? 1562 (1562) STC 6850; ESTC S116098 36,034 67

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threde euer fallinge on the lyne n. o. excede that place the cōueinge of your water is possible otherwise not Nowe by the waye brieflie ye shall be enstructed howe ye maye knowe the holesomnes of water TAke a cleane pot and put water in it so set it on the fyre after a little boiling poure it owte if thē no filthie remaine in the bottome of the potte it maye be iudged the houlsomer Or thus Let fall droppes vpon metel or rather on glasse any of them beinge polished and suffer that to drye by it selfe if after there remayne no spot or sygne it is a good token Moreouer if your water be swete pure clere light or of littel weight it followeth y e water to be holesome for the vse of man Of the line of Heigt WHen so euer the threde and plommet do chaūce iustly on the heigt which is n p the altitude or height that ye see is euen with the distāce from the Middle of your fote to y e nether parte directly vnder the toppe equal with your standinge addinge the heigt of your eye downewarde Know that ye must euer stande vpright with body and necke your fete iuste to gether the one eye closed c. The line of vpright Altitudes IVdge also any thing plumbe vpright when the thickenes of your Ruler i. l. is closely theron the plummet then at libertie fallynge on q. n named the line of Heightes vpright Nowe foloweth the vse of the Scale To searche out heightes by the Scale with the ayde of two places THE XVIII CHAPTER LEt the threade and plummet fal in the one on the .12 poyntes in thother stacion on the .6 of the right shadowe double the distāce betwene the two places the summitie appeareth from that part of y e thing measured which is equall in hight with your eye Or the one in the .12 the other in .8 of right shadow then tryple the distāce The one in the .12 the other in .6 of right quaduplate the space The one in the .12 the other in .6 of the contrary shadowe then the space betwene bothe y e stacions is equall with that ye measure euer vnderstandinge from your eye vpwarde Euen that same cometh to passe if in the one the threde be founde vpon the .6 of the contrary in the other one the .4 of the same or the .4 and .3 of the cōtrary In all thes the Spaces are equall with the altitudes So then in measurynge the distaunce betwene the two places ye haue the heyght from your eye vpwarde puttyng to it the length from your syght downewarde the whole Altitude appeareth the base beynge equall wyth your standinge I Woulde not haue you ignorant here howe to knowe lengthes which be in height not easy to come vnto Fyrste as before get the height of the toppe the altitude of the base or longest parte of your lengthe Subduct the lesse heighte out of the more of force your desyred lengthe remayneth Or thus Let the plummet and threde fall in the .12 marke your place go in towarde the thinge the threde as it was vntyll ye see the base of that lengthe the distaunce betwene the two standinges is vndoubtedly the lengthe Howe with the Scale director vpright heightes by theyr shadowes are declared THE XIX CHAPTER TVrne your leftsyde vnto the Sunne sufferinge his beames to pearce both your syghtes q. r. placed as afore is sayed in the thycknes or lyne k. l. The threde or plummet then hangynge at lybertye out of the Centre n. sheweth aswel the degrees of height to be compted from o. as the partes of the Scale cut If your threde be founde in the .12 parte or lyne of leauell shadowes of all thinges being perpendiculer eleuated are equall with theyr bodyes If the plummet with the threde be perceyued cuttinge the partes nexte to the syghtes whiche I name pointes of the right shadowe then euery thinge direct is more then his shadowe by that proporcion which .12 exceadeth the parts where the threde was founde If yt fall in .1 that is the fyrste parte of the ryght shadowe take the shadowe twelue tymes to make the height In two that is the seconde parte Sixe tymes In the thyrde foure tymes In the fourth thre tymes In the fyfte twyse and ⅖ of the shadowe In the syxte twyse In the seuenth once and .5 7. In the eyght once and ½ In the nynthe once and ⅓ In the tenthe once and ⅕ In the eleuenth ye shal take the shadow once and 1 11. parte of it If the arte of numbring were had I woulde will you to multiply the lengthe of the shadowe by .12 and the product diuide by the parts in the whiche ye founde the threde But and yf yt be in the partes of the contrary shadowe augment the lengthe of the shadowe wyth the partes declared by the plummet and the encrease diuide by .12 so commeth the altitude also Thus the composition and whole appliance of the Carpenters ruler is shewed therfore somewhat shal be now sayde of the squire I am not ignorant that the cōmune vse of him is better knowen than I can wyth many wordes expresse wherfore I leaue to write in that behalfe Notwithstandynge I wyll declare how Heightes Lenghtes are taken c. matters rare and knowen of few Artificers Also by tables to get a true knowledge of the daye houre and that diuers wayes wyth the helpe of the squyre as is opened in my generall Prognostication augmented in the yere of our Lord. 1556. Vvhat length the sides of thy Squyre ought to be and the diuision of him THE XX. CHAPTER I Nede not to put forthe the exacte making of this Instrument so wel knowen Loe therfore thefygure One side supposed two fote from the inwarde angle and the other a iuste fote from the same The longer a b. inwardly diuided from the angle ▪ a. vnto b. into .24 equall principall partes and euery of them into a lesse if ye lyst ech conteynyng .10 minutes Also the side c. d. in the outward contrary plain from the toppe c. vnto d is diuided into .12 euen porcions and again if ye require exactnes euery of thē into .6 eche of value .10 minutes Behold a line plūmet falling from e. to f. a parallel to cd and a. b. Thus this squire is well framed for the vse of diuers tables put forthe in my general prognostication also for y e findyng of Altitudes and Longitudes which here I purpose now brieflye to open Howe by this Squire heightes are knowen ALtitudes or heghtes are founde the line or plūmet centred in the .6 poynte cuttynge h. the middle of a. g. The moueable sightes placed in a. g or a parallel from that line not vnelike as is opened of the line of heigte in the backe of my ruler How Lengthes in pleine grounde are searched by the Carpenters or Masons Squire THE XXI CHAPTER TAke a staffe deuided into certaine porcions as ye