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A50263 A very useful manual, or, The young mans companion containing plain and easy directions for spelling, reading, and uniting English, with easy rules, for their attaining to writing, and arithmetick, and the Englishing of the Latin Bible without a tutor, likewise the plotting and measuring of land, globes, steeples, walls, barrels, timber, stone, boards, glass, &c. ... : and several other considerable and necessary matters, intended for the good of all, and for promoting love to one another : as by the table annexed particularly appears / collected by William Mather. Mather, W. (William), fl. 1695. 1681 (1681) Wing M1286; ESTC R36919 124,932 462

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Beer in winter dissolve the Sirup in posset Ale Terms provoked About the full moon take a draught of White wine wherein a small handful of stinking Arach hath been boiled and sweat upon it For the Stone Get into Bed and sweat and every quarter of an hour take one spoonful of the Sirup of Cammamile for an hour and an halfs time For Madness Hold the Party under Water a litle and often and after give them of the sneezing powder Sciatica Take white Wine and Vineger one quart house Snails one pint or more boil them together until half the Vinegar be wasted strain it then add of Neats foot Oil but Badger's grease is better one quarter of a pint and boil it a little and anoint the place often and wear a Flannel upon the place till well Whitloe before it break to put it back Wrap Sorrel in brown paper and rost it in Embers lay it on hot Sore Throat Take sometimes the Sirup of Orpin or the powder mixt with Hony Swelling sudden That it may not break Take Cammamile Smallage and Mallows boil them in milk and Water to a pultice add a little Hogs Lard lay it on warm twice in a day For the Blood Flux Take red Oak bark beaten small a quarter of a pound and of Cinnamon one ounce and a few Cloves mix them together and put about one ounce into a Pancake and fry it it 's best eaten with Oil. Forehead pained Boil Cammamile and Penyroyal in water till it 's tender lay it on at night Juices of any hearb How to preserve it all the year Gather them dry and before they flower stamp them in a wooden Mortar and take the Juice and on a gentle fire take off the skum you may keep it in a Glass by putting some sweet Oil on it or you may keep it another way by boiling the juice till it will be the thickness of Hony being cold Sirups How to make and keep them Sirups made of Flowers is made by the often steeping of Flowers in water covered by the Fire the water being boiled before by itself when it is strong enough of the Flowers strain it and to every pint add two pound of Sugar set it over the Fire but not boil it and scum it well and to make the Sirup of any hearbs you must boil out their vertue in water and let it run of itself through a woollen cloath with the weight in Sugar boil it to a Sirup Scum it often cover the Bottles only with paper both Sirups and distilled Waters A Sneezing Pouder good for the vertigo or madness Take Marjorane Sage and Rosemary in pouder of each half a Dragm Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore of each one scruple Musk Grains 3. Rot in Sheep for 100 of them Take Grains and Coriander seed of each one ounce Long peper half an ounce Box leaves and Rue of each one handful Savin half a handful boil these in Ale and give to every Sheep three spoonfuls blood warm keep the Sheep fasting the night before and 3 hours after they be drenched if any of the Ews be with young leave out the Savin and put in Crumbs of Rye Bread as much as an Egg the best oil one pint put in when it 's from the fire stir it well when you use it give them Hey often The names of the Medicines that purges Choler Phlegm watry and Melancholy humours severally Choler purged gently by Wormwood Century Aloes Hops Mercury Mallows Peach leaves and Flowers Damask Roses blew violets Cassia fistula Citron Mirobalans Prunes Tamarinds Rubarb with red Dock roots Rhapontick Manna Purges Plegm gently by Hysop Hedge Hysop Bastard Saffron Broom flowers Elder flowers Myrobalans Bellerick Chebs and Emblicks the seed of Bastard Saffron and Broom Jallap and Mechoacan Purges watry humours gently are the Leaves Bark and Roots of Elder and Dwarf Elder or Walwort Elder flowers Broom flowers Agrick Jallap Mechoacan Orris or Flower-de-luce Roots Melancholy purged gently by Senna Fumitory Dodder Epithimum Indian Mirobalans Polipodium or Fearn of the Oak Whey Lapis Lazuli c. Choler purged violently by the seed of Spurge the Bark and Root of the same Scammony Elaterium Flegm and Water purged violently by Elaterium Euphorbium Spurge Opopanax Sarcocolla Briony roots Turbith Hermodactiles Colocynthis wild Cucumers Sowbread Mezereon Squils Melancholly by Hellebore white and black Take none of these violent purges alone without a right Composition among others to correct them Purging the manner and way thereof 1. If the humours be to be drawn from remote parts of the Body as the Head Arms Feet or the like let the Purges be made up in a hard form as Pills are for by that means it stays the longer in the Body and is in all reason therefore the better able to perform its Office 2. If the afflicting humour lie in the Bowels or near to those parts use liquid Medicines for they operate speediest and the Bowels are soon hurt by purging Medicines if the matter be tough and of long continuance it is impossible to carry it away all at once therefore take gentle Purges and take them often for strong Purges weaken Nature A good Purge Take Rubarb and Senna of each ʒi Jallap ℈ i Cream of Tartar and Anaseed of each 16 grains Ginger 10 Grains all in pouder let them steep in a draught of white Wine or water all night in the morning drink the Liquor and keep house and take posset drink as in other Purges it is very safe for many distempers taken as often as need shall require this quantity is enough for a man or Woman Observations Monthly for a Country-man January Breed Calves remove Bees 30. prune the Vine dung Pastures and prune Fruit-Trees February Dress Bees stools lay fresh Earth to the Roots of Fruit-Trees 14. sow Carrot seed 28 graft set quicksets sow Pease and Oats March Set Turneps Beans and Pease lay good Earth in Gardens scour Ditches sow Barly graft slip Gilly flowers and Garden seeds April Purge lop Ashes set Willows being cut and set in Water 6 weeks before kill Moulds May. 1. Set Kidney Beans and sow Purslane kill Caterpillars kill Weeds June Set Garden Beans again 30. clip the Vine branches and Leaves that the Grapes may be seen set Rosemary cut worm-eaten Bark from Fruit-Trees July Cut off suckers and needless buds from Fruit-Trees 20. mow Meadows 24. inoculate the Apricock drive Bees 1. August Sow Turnep seed all the last Month 16. take up Bees and leave the other but a little Door 10. sow Cabish seed September 20. Gather Carrots sow Wheat and Rye remove young Trees and Rose bushes purge October 1. Gather Apples and make Cyder take Earth from the Roots of Fruit-Trees cut Hedges November Cut Timber mose the Fruit-Trees buy Wheat and prune the Trees by cutting off whole Arms. December To keep Hares from Barking of young Trees anoint them with Hog's dung Soot and Blood 30. prune the Vines and nail it close
water to a little less than a pint strain it and sweeten the Liquor and drink it fasting and now and then drink Posset drink For Childrens sore Feet that the skin is off with Chilblains If the Feet itch much with Chills and is hot the best is to hold them to a Fire very hot a quarter of an hour at a time which allays the itching and keeps them from breaking but if they are broke and be as sore as can be one Plaister of Burgundy Pitch cureth if it do but stick and it is very safe lay it on in the morning A Balsom to cure Burnings and Scaldings Head-ach the Temples and Nostrils anointed biting of a mad Dog use nothing else in Wounds Stitches and Pains in the Sides being rubb'd in and apply a Tobacco Leaf for inward bruises or Ulcers in the Bladder or Kidneys taken like Pills night and morning c. It is made as followeth Take Venice Turpentine washed in Rose water one pound oil Olive three pound yellow Wax one pound then cut the wax and melt it on the Fire and put in the Turpentine Oil and six spoonfuls of Sack stir them till they begin to boil and take it off the Fire and when it is cold melt it again the Sack being from it and put to it one ounce of Natural Balsom price four or five shillings Oil of St. John's wort and red Sanders in fine pouder of each one ounce give it a boil and take it from the Fire and stir it till its cold almost Note that the hotter you make this Balsom when you apply it to wounds Burns Inflamations Ulcers or Fistula's the better it is Another Anoint with Linseed Oil ground with white Lead or Cerus which is also good for the chops and sores on Cows Teets or others Bleeding at the Nose c. Let the party sit upright and stuff into the Nose Rabbets wool which hath been rouled in fine Bole-armony and Dragons Blood and sprinkle cold water in his Face and a cloth wet in Vinegar to the Forehead Bleeding at the Nose in the beginning of a Disease is a bad sign Directions for Health 1. Keep from evil Company 2. Virtue lengthens Life Vice shortneth 3. Use moderate Labour of Body 4. Keep thy Feet dry except used to do it 5. In morning wash Face Ears Teeth and Hands 6. Drink not when sweating except Labour immediately follows or in Bed 7. For sudden pain or cold sweat in Bed 8. Keep constant hours for meat and Sleep 9. Anger and Worldly Cares avoid 10. Little Supper or drink at Evening 11. Use Gardening to labour in it 12. Let little wind come upwards 13. Tobacco prevents much Physick 14. Give Children for worms every Full Moon 15. Cut hair the Moon increasing 16. Cut Nails the Moon decreasing 17. Scrape the Teeth clean often 18. Sleep on the Right Side 19. The Feet sweating wholsom 20. Use no Venery when stomach full or Body dry or aged or big with or when sleep doth not immediately follow Signs of Complexion or Constitution Sanguine heat and moisture Overcome Cholerick heat and driness Overcome Phlegmatick cold moisture Overcome Melancholy cold driness Overcome If none of these four overcome then the Body is in health Philosopher's Stone so called something thereof Hermes Plato Aristotle and other Philosophers in former times flourishing the original Spring of Sciences and the Inventors of Liberal Arts so called earnestly approving the vertues of things under the Heavens did enquire with great desire if any thing was amongst the Creatures that might save Man's Body from all Corruption and preserve it alive for ever In which search in vain they wearied themselves by seeking that in the Creature which is only in the Creator calling it a Stone or Medicine extracted or to be by them created out of Elementary things that shall have power of itself to change melted Lead into fine Gold and also to cure all diseases in Man or Woman and having not found such a thing yet have found many Secrets of Alchymy as the Oils and Salts of Animals Vegetables and Minerals c. But their pretending to transmute or change the filing of Tin which they call Jupiter into Silver called Luna and part of Coper called Venus into Gold called by them Sol put in Lime 24 hours in a flame which only makes them the more malleable or harder though there is some Gold and Silver both in Tin and Lead of which some it 's to be feared makes course Silver of and having not found such a thing as I said before and being ashamed in themselves having spent so many years in toiling cost and study in seeking will not say they cannot or have not found it but have still led others in the dark to search by their writings as if they had known or did possess such a Stone or secret and that it would lose its vertue if they make it known to others For Saith Morien Who hath it that is this Stone possesseth all things and shall need the help of no body in any thing because in it is all temporal Felicity corporal Health and earthly prosperity And further the Philosophers saith that by this Stone or Spirit Moses made the Vessels of the Temple and the Tabernacle Noah built the Ark Esdras recovered the Law Abraham Isaac and Jacob obtained length of days and abundance of Riches c. This many do seek say they but few do find it for the defiled with vices or polluted are unworthy to know such things Therefore it is not shewn but to the devout because it is incomparable to all prices c. O how the Gentiles hearts have been darkned and become vain in their imaginations Rom. 1.21 as at this day to think to find that healing vertue in the Life or vertue of earthly things that 's only in God's Spirit Mal. 4.2 Jer. 30.17 For saith the Lord if thou wilt diligently hearken O Israel unto the voice of the Lord thy God c. Then will I put none of these diseases upon thee which I brought upon the Egyptians c. notwithstanding the Astrologers say that the Planets cause Diseases either by Sympathy or Antipathy as Mars causeth diseases in the head c. Venus deforms the Beauty of the Face by Antipathy to Mars c. Isa 3.24 Both Riches and Honour come of the Lord. 1 Chron. 29. Psal 103.3 For by Faith Noah being warned of God prepared the Ark by Faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come Heb. 11. Unto the pure all things are pure but unto them that are defiled and unbelieving is nothing pure Tit. 1.15 So that it was by Faith in God that Noah Moses Isaac and Jacob and all other the Righteous walked but not by Philosophy or Astrology or any other created thing not like the Gentiles and Astrologers who are become vain in their Imaginations Rom. 1.21 and Observers of times for which Sin the Lord drove out the Canaanites out of
Hearbs may be planted any time in Summer if it be a rainy time Of Mans Eye The Muscles of a mans Eye are six which gives the motion with the Optick Nerves ascending to the brain In the Eye there are three humours as 1. Watry 2. Glassy 3. Christalline First The Christalline humour is the sight in the middle of a pretty hard substance Second The Glassy humour is seen behind like melten Glass softer than the Chrystalline and is five times bigger and twice as big as the Watry humour it nourisheth the Christalline Third The Watry humour is behind the last and thin for it is sometimes consumed in Diseases and lost with wounds in the Eye The Christalline is nourished of the most lightful part of Seed The Hairs of the Eye-lid being lost the Party cannot see things afar off Those whose Ears stand out hear the best and some are dull of hearing by lying hard upon their Ears and also by Nurses binding them A tickling noise in the Ears denotes a thin humour A stiff humour often hindereth the hearing then they want cleansing with a Syringe the way you may find in this Book To break an Impostume in the Ear. Tie a thread to a piece of an Onion and prick it full of holes when it is broke cleanse it with Basilicon with Lint For a blew or gray Web in the Eye Take Thunderbolt Stone one part and as much Ginger and half as much as one of these of Allum and a little Loaf Sugar For a white Web put in Salt for a Horse put to it Turmerack and make it like Salve with butter and put in a Pill twice a day into the end of his Eye or when his Eyes are thick with humours For the Pearl or Web in the Eye Take the juice or the distilled water of the hearbs Mouse-ear and half Moon Grass it may be made milder with Eye bright water or Sugar drop into the Eye a little twice a day for two Months if need be Another Take the Juice of Celandine Ground Ivy and field Dasy or let these be distilled in May c. After the smart is over the Eye being drest with Pouders wash them with Eye bright water mixt with snow water But if you cannot get these waters then boil the juice of Houseleek in an Egg shell with the white Eyes that are clogged with humours or filthy flesh Put into them three Lice and lay on a Plaister of the white of an Egg beaten with Honey upon Flax all night Or every night put in a Seed or two of wild Clary and lay to the wrests Plaisters of Burgundy Pitch and also to back of the Neck and Temple patches of the same and read in no book quickly after Meat Sunshine the heat of Fire or smoak not good for weak Eyes except the Smoak of Tobacco Stifness of the Eye-lids Anoint them at night with Deer Suet. Bloodshot Eyes and black bruises Boil Hysop and Wormwood together and lay it on or bruise them together Eye-Salve or Ointment of Tutty It cools and dries up salt and hot humours that flow into the Eys from the heat of the brain the Eye lids only being anointed at nights Is thus made Take Tutty prepared 2 ounces Lapis Calaminaris 1 ounce being in fine powder make it up with 1 pound and an half of the Ointment of Roses Now to prepare the Lapis Calaminaris quench it six times in Plantane or Rose water with this water wash the Tutty and let the Durt run through a Cloath and make each into Balls for use And to make the Ointment of Roses take fresh Hogs Grease cleansed one l. fresh red Roses Buds half a pound juice of the same three-ounces on a gentle fire make it into an Ointment If Dimness of Sight come from the brain Take a spoonful of blew Sows called Wood-lice wash them and stamp them and let them lie all night in Ale strain it and drink the Ale in the morning take the same quantity till thou art well Physick for the Poor Or an universal Medicine to be taken about the quantity of a Pease in a Pill or Powder drinking a draught of strong drink after it at going to Bed for one man or Woman but less for Children It purges by Sweat and Urine causes ease in sleep and sickness it cures Agues by getting into a sweat by one of them half an hour before the fit is expected to come I need not write but little of it's Commendation it being so well known by the name of Matthews his Pill which if rightly prepared is an excellent thing I had it from one of my Uncles who was a Chymist who said he had it of a Servant of the said Matthews and therefore I commend it to all who are able and well inclined to do their poor Neighbours good when in sickness and may dwell far from an honest Physician Take of the best white Tartar or Lees of Wine and Salt-Peter of each one pound make them together into fine pouder and put them in a well glassed pot that 's upon hot Coals stir them in the pot with a red hot Iron until they have done flaming let it cool by degrees and take it out and beat it into fine pouder and put it into a wide mouth Glass with one pint of the best oil of Turpentine stir it in the Glass once or twice a day pretty much for two or three weeks the longer the better and set it in a Seller to moisten the Pill when need is Then take of Corn poppy heads before they open but white Garden Poppy is the best a good quantity beat them and strain the juice into a well glassed Platter and let it stand in the Sun till it is as hard as wax Take of this and Juniper berries and Liquorish of each one ounce and black Hellebore and Saffron a quarter of an ounce but instead of Poppy juice you may take as much Opium make these into as fine pouder as you can and in a Mortar with the aforesaid mixture work them like Dough for Bread then knead it hard into a wide mouth Glass and cover it with a Bladder and it will keep many years Here may be Doses for about one thousand times for little more than two shillings charge which an able and charitable Neighbour will not grudge to have in store at all times for themselves and the Poor near them But if you are willing to make it of very great vertue then add to it of the best Chymical oil of Juniper Berries and of Sulphur of Antimony of each one ounce which may cost if rightly prepared about ten shillings I have made this Pill about twenty years Put a little of this Pill into an aching Tooth A Purge for a Country-man Take Grunsel Mallow the hearb Mercury Endive and Succory and Red dock Roots of each about a quarter of a handful Fennel seed a little spoonful and a little Ginger boil them in almost a quart of
will he on a 3 d. for a Child in mornings To cause spitting in a Feaver TAke Hony 2 l. Spring water and Vinegar of each 1. l. boyl it and skim it till it 's like a Syrup take it often on a Liquorish-stick fazed To purge Choler TAke best Rubarb one dram or Munks Rubarb one ounce and Ginger one Scruple For a Bloody Flux or other dangerous Fluxes TAke in the morning or oftner if need shall require as much of the pouder o● Dyers Galls as will lie on a 6 d. at a time take heed it bind not too fast some take the hard boyled white of an Egg roled in Bole-Armoniack For the Itch. SHread Rosemary and strow it on Butter that 's spread upon Bread and Butter an● eat often of it and to anoint take Soap Hog Seam and Brimstone and anoint the palms 〈◊〉 the hands and some other joynts or the water wherein Roman Vitriol hath been dissolved will kill Itch and great Scabs and a slight rash is helpt by thin milk wherein Willow leaves have been boyled To cleanse from the obstruction in the Stomach and Reins TAke Cream of Tartar one ounce and Hony a quarter of a pound take as much as a Nutmeg night and morning Scurvy in the Gums DIssolve Roman Vitriol in water and dip a cloath therein and rub the Teeth night and morning and after that with Sage and Salt For the Shingles or Ringworm TAke the green bark of Elm boughs an ounce and an half Housleek 6 heads a piece of Tobacco leaf the breadth of a shilling boyl these in half a pint of Cream to an oyl stir it often anoint with it Scurvy and Dropsy BAke a peck of Elder-berries then strain them boyl it to a Syrup with Hony the same weight thereof take some often Mother-fits TAke Cypris Turpentine one ounce red Amber a dram and an half Rubarb 2 Scruples make them into pills the dose one dram and an half going to bed hang Assa Faetida about the Neck For a Rupture TRess it well take Cumfrey any way and lay on a plaister of Diaculum strowed with the filings of Iron at which time take inwardly 8 or 10 Grain of the pouder of a Load-stone anoint the place with oyl of St. Johns wort For a sore throat TAke on a knife point the pouder of Orpin or white Dogs-Turd gathered in March April or May mixt with Hony as need shall require Wind on the Stomach TAke the pouder of dryed Hipes of Wild-bryers gather them for all the year after a Frost to one spoonful of them take half a spoonful of Nutmeg in any thing but often or this when the other cannot be had Take Rue Gentury Wormwood Bettony and Peny-Royal of each a handful being in pouder mix them with Hony like a conserve take some often A Surfeit Water TAke Mints Carduus Poppy Wormwood and Liverwort of each a handful let them steep all night in 2 quarts of new Milk and distil them drink some night and morning Melilot Salve made in June good for all sores it healeth very fast when the dead flesh is eaten out by Burnt Allum c. TAke Melilot Pimpernel and Scabious of each 2 handfuls beat them small then beat them with 2 l. of tryed Hogs-Seam so let it stand in the Sun 4 or 5 days then melt it and strain it well add as many more hearbs and so let it stand in the Sun then melt it again and strain it and boyl it till the Juice is consumed take it off the fire and add Rozen Wax and Venice Turpentine of each one ounce stir it till it cool but before put in one dram of Musk keep it in a pot or rolls To clsanse any foul sore either in Man or Beast called Egyptiacum TAke Ver-degreace in pouder and three times the weight in Hony and Vinega● half the weight of the Hony boyl them in a ●ot to a Salve or redish colour it taketh away dead flesh and for the biting of a mad Dog first spread a plaister of Melilot aforesaid and a little of this on Lint against the dead flesh wash the sore with Lime water Lime-water to wash and dry sores TAke a pottle of new Lime put water to it an inch above the Lime in the morning pour off the water for use Consumption COleworts boyled and eaten often Rosemary smoakt with Tobacco Red Cow-milk wherein mints have been steept Eat Bread and Butter with Hony thereon Dig up Garden Earth Pease-pottage of blew Pease Mix Elecompany Lquorish Carraway Seed and Conserve of Roses together with some Hony take a little every night The purging Syrup of Roses good in Feavers and hot Diseases TAke Damask Roses 1 l. water 4 l. steep them all night then strain them do thus 8 time if you will to the last infusion boyl it with 4 l. of Sugar to a Syrup take a spoonful at a time To allay the heat of the stomach in a Feaver BOyl 1 spoonful of French Barly in half a pint of water put to the water only when cold 2 ounces of the Syrup of Violets in the beginning of this Disease and all that comes o● cold with pains take a sweat for 2 hours especially in a morning by a Treacle Posset and Carduus boyled therein The Lead plaister being laid to the back for the running of the Reins heat in the Liver or weakness in the Back for bruises in the Legs o●… plaister often cures as also for Fellons Imposthumes Spreans and draweth out running humors without breaking the skin and several other things made as follows TAke 1 l. and 2 ounces of good Sallet oil and red and white Lead of each half a pound searced finely and of Castle Soap six ounces beat all these together in a pot that the Soap may come uppermost set it over a gentle fire the space of one hour always stirring it with an Iron slice then make your fire bigger until it be turned into a gray colour then drop some on a board and if it stick not to the finger when cold it is enough make it into rolls or dip linnen cloaths therein For the Rickets there are several but this if followed only may serve TAke six house Snails wash them and boyl them in almost a pint of new milk almost half away put a little bread and Sugar to the milk and give it the Child in the morning and at 4 a Clock pick out the Snails shread them with Butter and Salt and give them the Child as other meat do so almost every day then anoint the Child night morning Back Brest other Joints with this fill a pint pot almost with Sallet oil with as much Cammamile as can be trust in with a pennyworth of Mace bake this with Bread and the oil is ready For shortness of breath TAke one ounce of the oil of sweet Almonds and half an ounce of Sugar Candy take now and then a little To keep from being too fat TAke a little of the