Selected quad for the lemma: fire_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
fire_n	pound_n	put_v	sugar_n	3,526	5	11.0524	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A48447	A true & exact history of the island of Barbados illustrated with a mapp of the island, as also the principall trees and plants there, set forth in their due proportions and shapes, drawne out by their severall and respective scales : together with the ingenio that makes the sugar, with the plots of the severall houses, roomes, and other places that are used in the whole processe of sugar-making ... / by Richard Ligon, Gent.	Ligon, Richard.	1657 (1657)	Wing L2075; ESTC R5114	151,046	156

the Platforme or Superficies of an Ingenio that grinds or squeezes the Sugar A THe ground-plat upon which the Posts or Pillars stand that bear up the house or the Intercolumniation between those Pillars B The Pillars or Posts themselves C The wall between the Mill-house and Boyling-house D The Circle or Circumference where the Horses and Cattle go which draw the Rollers about E The Sweeps to which the Horses and Cattle are fastned that draw about the Rollers F The Frame of the Ingenio G The Brackets or Butteresses that support that Frame H The Dore that goes down stairs to the Boyling-house I The Cistern into which the Liquor runs from the Ingenio immediately after it is ground and is carried in a Pipe under ground to this Cistern where it remaines not above a day at most K The Cistern that holds the Temper which is a Liquor made with ashes steept in water and is no other than the Lye we wash withall in England This Temper we straw in the three last Coppers as the Sugar boyles without which it would never Corn or be any thing but a Syrope but the salt and tartarousnesse of this Temper causes it to turn as Milk does when any soure or sharp liquor is put into it and a very small quantity does the work L The Boyling-house The five black Rounds are the Coppers in which the Sugar is boyled of which the largest is called the Clarifying Copper and the least the Tatch M The Cooling Cistern which the Sugar is put into presently after it is taken off the fire and there kept till it be Milk-warm and then it is to be put into Pots made of boards sixteen inches square above and so grow taper to a point downward the Pot is commonly about thirty inches long and will hold thirty or thirty five pounds of Sugar N The Dore of the Filling-room O The Room it selfe into which the Pots are set being fild till the Sugar grow cold and hard which will be in two daies and two nights and then they are carried away to the Cureing-house P The tops of the Pots of sixteen inches square and stand between two stantions of timber which are girded together in severall places with wood or iron and are thirteen or fourteen inches assunders so that the tops of the Pots being sixteen inches cannot slip between but are held up four foot from the ground Q The Frame where the Coppers stand which is raised above the flowre or levell of the room about a foot and a halfe and is made of Dutch Bricks which they call Klinkers and plaister of Paris And besides the Coppers there are made small Gutters which convey the skimmings of the three lesser Coppers down to the Still-house whereof the strong Spirit is made which they call kill-devill and the skimmings of the two greater Coppers are conveyed another way as worthlesse and good for nothing R The Dore that goes down the stairs to the fire-room where the Furnaces are which cause the Coppers to boyl and though they cannot be exprest here by reason they are under the Coppers yet I have made small semi-circles to let you see where they are behinde the partition-wall which divides the fire-room from the boyling-house which wall goes to the top of the house and is mark'd with the Letter c as the other walls are S A little Gutter made in the wall from the Cistern that holds the first Liquor to the clarifying Copper and from thence is conveyed to the other Coppers with Ladles that hold a gallon a piece by the hands of Negres that attend that work day and night shifting both Negres and Cattle every four hours who also convey the skimmings of the three lesser Coppers down to the Still-house there to be twice distill'd the first time it comes over the helme it is but small and is called Low-wines but the second time it comes off the strongest Spirit or Liquor that is potable T All Windowes U The Fire-room where the Furnaces are that make the Coppers boyl W The Still-house X The Cistern that holds the skimmings till it begin to be soure till when it will not come over the helme Y The two Stills in the Still-house Z The Semi-circles that shew where about the Furnaces stand Place this after Folio 84. The superfities or Plottforme of the Ingenio that grinds or squeeses the canes which make the suger A scales of 40 foote The upright of the Ingenio or Mill that squeeses or grinds the Suger Canes ● a. the foundation or plates of the house which must be of massey and lasting timber b. the frame of the Ingenio c. the planks that be are up the Rollers d. the suporter or propp that beares upp those planks e. the Rollers themselves f. the shaft that is grafted into the midle roller which turnes both the other g. the swepes that come over all the worke and reach to the Circle where the horses and Cattle draw h. the Bracketts that keepe the frame from shakeing whereof there must be 8. i. the sides of the house which are strong posts or studds whic● beare up the house and are plact att ten foote distance with Bracke● above and below to strengthen them forbearing up the plates of the house aboue k. the out Brackets that keepe the posts from starting orbuc● l. the great Beame to which the Shaft of the midle Roller is let in by a goudg in a sockett and goes cross the midle of the house m. the Brackets that support the great beame and likewise all the Roofe of the house n. the Roofe or cover of the house A scale of 40 foote The first Storie of the Cureing house where the potts stand which hold the Suger and is 8. foote a inches from the ground haveing 14. steps to rise of 7. inches to a stepp In this storie is 924 potts and they use to have another storie above this which will hold above 600. potts more The Index of the Cureing house a. the roome where they knock out the suger when it is cured or made into whites and is called the knocking roome when they knock it out for muscavados they finde the midle of the pott well coloured but the upper and nether parts of a bro●●er colour the topp frothy and light the bottom verie browne and full of Molosses both which they sett aside to be boyld againe with the Mosses in the Cisterns of which they make Penneles which though it be a worse kinde of suger in the spending yet you will hardly know it from the second sort of Muscove suger b. the two dores c. the passages betweene the potts upon the flour above d. the great passage in the midle of the rome from end to end e. the topps of the potts which are 16. inches square and hang betweene stantions of timber borne up by verie strong and Massy studs or posts and girded or bract togither with Iron plates or wood the length of

and whosoever deales in them without speciall license forfeits both Ship and Goods if they have power to compell them But I believe they have not being partly informed by the Hermite who came often to us to hear newes and beg somewhat of us which being obtained he would not stick to impart somewhat of the weaknesse of the Iland that would have cost him dear if it had been known to the Padre And some of that which he enformed us was that the Forts and Block-houses on either side the Prye on which we saw the appearance of Ordnances good store and large but we understood by him that those Forts were neither regular nor the Guns Brasse or Iron but such as Henry the Eighth took Bulloyne with and this we found by experience to be true For upon our first difference with Barnardo and the Padre we weyed Anchor and removed our selves out of the distance of the Castle which stood in the bottom of the Prye and expected to have been shot at from those Forts and Block-houses but saw no fire given and if they had been furnish'd with such Artillery as would have reach'd us we should certainly have heard from them We also enquired of our Intelligencer the Hermite what Trades or Manufactures were practised there but were answered that they were few and inconsiderable Sugar Sweet-meats and Coco-nuts being the greatest trade they had Yet by the Padres leave we carried away with us 50 head of Cattle and 8 Horses which Barnardo made us pay double for the usuall price being 25 s. a piece for which he made us pay 50 s. and for Horses 10 l. a piece which others have had for 4 or 5 l. But he was content we should rate our commodities accordingly and so we were no great losers by the exchange Having dispatch'd our businesse we got leave to go ashoar upon the little Iland at the entrance of the Prye there to cut and pull grasse for our Horses and Cattle which we made up into hay a work quickly done where so much Sun-shine was our helper It being perfectly dried we stowed it in the ship which was our last work and so wayed Anchor and hoysed Saile steering our course for the Barbadoes leaving Bernardo according to his own desire behinde us having but 2 Degrees to the southward to varie in the running of 620 Leagues Westward St. Jago lying in 15. and the Barbadoes in 13 Degrees and 30 Minutes to the Northward of the Line There are seven more Ilands which are called the Ilands of Cape Verd viz. S. Michaels St. Vincents St. Anthonies St. Lucia Bravo Fogo and Soll Some of which are much larger but none so considerable as this of St. Jago As we lay at Anchor in the entrance of the Prye we perceived at Sun-set between the Sun and us the Iland called Fogo which was at such a distance as none of us could discern it all the day till that houre and then the Iland interposing between the Sun and us we saw it perfectly shap'd like the neather half of a Sugar loafe the upper half being cut off eeven and in the midst of the top of that a smoak and fire rising out from which we guest it took its name About the tenth of August we put out to Sea and as we sayled we left the Iland of our Starbord-side and did not part with the sight of it till we discern'd a little Town near to the shoar which we were told was the best in the Iland and a place meant for the chief Port for all Traffick in the Iland but by means of a great mischiefe that Ships were subject to in that Harbour it was almost totally deserted For the Sea there was so rocky in the bottome and those rocks so thick together and sharp withall as they cut the Cables off neer to the Anchor and so the Anchor often left in the bottom There was a Dutchman that lay there but three daies and in that little stay lost two Anchors From this Iland to the Barbadoes we account 620 Leagues which by reason of the constancy of the Windes which blow seldome in any other point than Nore-east and By-east they have usually sayled it in 16 or 17 daies But we for that it was the time of Tornado when the windes chop about into the South were somewhat retarded in our passage and made it twenty two daies ere we came thither and many have made it a far longer time For in the time of Tornado the clouds interpose so thick and darken the skie so much as we are not able to make an observation for a fortnight together and so being doubtfull of our Latitude dare not make the best use of our Sayles and way for fear of slipping by the Island and being past it can hardly beat it up again without putting out into the Main and so by painfull traverses recover our selves to the Eastward of the Iland and then fall back again by the due Latitude upon it at 13 Degrees and 30 Minutes Besides this paines and losse of time when we misse the Iland we many times run hazards by falling upon the Leeward Ilands in the night of which the Bay of Merixo is well stor'd In this long reach which may be call'd a voyage it selfe I had only two things to make the way seem short the one was Pleasure the other Businesse that of Pleasure was to view the Heavens and the beauty of them which were objects of so great glory as the Inhabitants of the World from 40 Degrees to either Pole can never be witnesse of And this happens at the time when the Turnado is with those of that Latitude where we were For the clouds being exhal'd in great quantities some thick and grosse some thin and aeriall and being hurl'd and roll'd about with great and lesser curles the Sun then and there being far brighter then with us here in England caused such glorious colours to rest upon those Clouds as 't is not possible to be believed by him that hath not seen it nor can imagination frame so great a beauty And the reason is the neernesse and propinquity of the place we are in which makes us see the glory of the Sun and of those Stars too which move in that Horizon much more perfectly then at a further distance The proof of this I found by looking on the Stars that appear large and bright to us in England which being seen there do not only lose much of their light but of their magnitude For instance There is little Star called Auriga neer the Charles Wain which in England I have seen very perfectly in bright nights but at that distance I could never see it in the clearest night though I have often attempted it And upon my return to England I found it as I left it which argues that it was no decay or impediment in my sight that made me lose it but only the distance of place I deny not but a