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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43017	The family-physician, and the house-apothecary containing I. Medicines against all such diseases people usually advise with apothecaries to be cured of, II. Instructions, whereby to prepare at your own houses all kinds of necessary medicines that are prepared by apothecaries, or prescribed by physicians, III. The exact prices of all drugs, herbs, seeds, simple and compound medicines, as they are sold at the druggists, or may be sold by the apothecaries, IV. That it's plainly made to appear, that in preparing medicines thus at your own houses, that it's not onely a far safer way, but you shall also save nineteen shillings in twenty, comparing it with the extravagant rates of many apothecaries / by Gideon Harvey ...	Harvey, Gideon, 1640?-1700?	1678 (1678)	Wing H1065; ESTC R13943	43,731	199

such are Comfrey Knot-grass Ladies-Mantle and such like as you may read in Chap. 20. of my Treatise of Consumptions 3. By moistening and restoring the solid and other parts that are consumed and dried up by the absorbing heat of an Hectick Fever This Effect is expected from Asses Milk which they say doth cleanse cool moisten and nourish the consumed parts 4. By Fontanels or Issues shaving off the Hair of the Head and applying Attractive Plaisters on it likewise by cramming the Patient with Conserve and Sugar of Roses all which shall serve to intercept the defluxion of corroding Humours falling down from the Brain to the Lungs Now when all these means have been used a very considerable time look upon the Weekly Bills of Mortality and you shall soon know the pretended effects of those ordinary Medicines In the first place I must agree that some of those Indications are well enough proposed and the Indicata in respect of the Materia Medica there set down do sometimes though seldom accomplish a happy Cure But in the second place I must also tell you that there is another sort of a Materia Medica being artificially prepared and not according to the Rules of the slovenish Cookery of Country-Apothecaries that doth very oft and always if timely and methodically applied answer the expectation of the Physician and the hopes of the Sick not only in Pulmonick Consumptions but also in those other Diseases before recited Touching those great Medicines it is very fortunate they are not yet arrived to the knowledge of the little Apothecaries or the prescribing Surgeons who using them without Method though sometimes they might do good yet for want of capacity in the Applicative would certainly at most times do great mischiefs with them and therefore every Physician ought to reserve them secret by preparing them himself and when necessary to be used to send them to the Apothecary to be exhibited or to give them to his Patients with what Directions are requisite In conclusion though the practice by the said great Medicines is by me here proposed as necessary yet I am not to be understood by that to exclude the use of Apothecaries or the Medicines of the Dispensatory that are to be prepared by them for most schetical and moveable or slight commencing Diseases those ordinary Medicines are experienced so capable to remove that to make use of great Medicines in those cases would seem as if you laid hold of a Club to knock down a Louse The second necessary use of the said ordinary Medicines is either to serve the great Medicines for Vehicles or to be substituted in their stead when some circumstances may countermand their use so long until occasion or opportunity shall require the aid of the said great Medicines and the forementioned circumstances be abated Now Reader if I finde this Essay doth receive that acceptance from you which its real Use and consequently the certain Advantage that you will acquire thence doth merit you may expect a further pursuit of this so profitable design that tends to no other end than the Preservation of your Health and Purse Farewel Hatton-Garden March 10. 1675. Pre-Instructions touching Weights Measures WEIGHTS A Physical Pound which is Troy-weight contains onely twelve Ounces The Druggist and Grocers Pound being Aver-de-poiz-weight contains sixteen Ounces An Ounce contains eight Drams A Dram contains three Scruples A Scruple contains twenty Grains MEASURES A Pint measure in most watery Liquors weighs twelve Ounces Two Quarts make a Pottle two Pottles make a Gallon A Fascicle signifies an Armful One Handful is as much as a moderate hand can take up A Pugil is as much as you can take up with your Thumb and two next Fingers Observe That Roots Barks Woods small Fruits Berries Seeds Gums and Rosins are set down by weight Herbs by handfuls and fascicles Flowers and the tops of some Herbs by pugils THE Family-Physician AND THE House-Apothecary CHAP. I. Of the most useful Simple distilled Waters and the manner how to distil them AMong the vast number of distilled simple Waters none are more useful than those four mentioned below which may serve to answer that intention which the best of simple Waters are used for viz. for Cordial Juleps and Cordial Potions What concerns alterative Waters they contain so weak a vertue as I said afore in the Introduction that Decoctions Infusions and Juices made or Spirits drawn from the same alterative Simples are infinitely more effectual and therefore when occasion doth require the use of them may be prescribed and easily taught you how to prepare them by your Family-Physician The Four Simple Waters are 1. Baume Water 2. Black-Cherry Water 3. Carduus Benedictus Water 4. Red Poppey Water that is Water distilled of red Poppey flowers The Herbs namely Baume and Carduus Benedictus are to be bought in Newgate-Market Stocks-Market Gutter-lane or Covent-Garden of the Physical Herb-women by the Basket the Red Poppey Flowers by the Peck Violet Flowers and some others are sold by the pint or quart measure Scurvey-grass is sold by the Basket also by the Bushel or Peck For most Herbs if you buy them by the handful you must pay a Groat a dozen or if you have occasion for less than a dozen a half-penny the handful is the usual rate The value of twelve Pence in Herbs or Flowers will yield three Pints of Water or more in some Herbs it may yield two Quarts or five Pints or if you have not the convenience of distilling them you may buy them from the Apothecaries at a Shilling the Pint or if you are onely mindful to buy them when your occasions require you need pay but a Penny for the Ounce being the common price of almost all distilled Waters The common price of most English Roots among the Herb-women is a Groat for a Pound The manner of distilling the said Simple Waters Put as many of those Herbs being separated from the greater Stalks or Flowers pull'd from their Husks as will only fill two Thirds or at most three Fourth parts of the body of a Pewter Alembick or a Copper Alembick with a Bucket head without adding any Water to the Herbs which too many Apothecaries do and having closed the head to the body by pasting slips of Paper of the breadth of an Inch or a little more round about the juncture with Starch or Yest kindle your fire gradually and continue it to a heat so gentle that your hand may endure it on any part of the Head and so you will distill your Waters without smelling of being burned provided you have put ashes to the thickness of an Inch and half between the plate and the body or bottom of your Pewter Alembick If you make use of a Copper Alembick you must fill the bucket with cold Water and assoon as you finde the Water to be hot in the said bucket head you must tap it off and fill it up again with cold Water The reason

handful being bruised in a Mortar put them into a glass Retort-Receiver and pour on them as much sharp Vinegar as will cover them and two inches over let them stand in digestion in the Sun in the Summer or in warm water in the Winter for seven days then strain and press the Vinegar hard from them 2. Take of the best green Copperas two pound put it into a thick blackish earthen Melting-pipkin of no greater bigness than will just contain the Vitriol This place between Bricks laid so as to make a square Tower about two inches larger than the Pipkin and two inches higher Fill this kind of open Furnace with Charcoal up to the top and kindle it gradually which in less than half an hour will make the Pipkin red-hot continue this heat until the Copperas be calcined or burned into a deep red Then take out the Pipkin and being grown cold break it and take out the red Copperas or Colchothar which beat to powder and put into a new Pipkin pour on it one quart of River or Spring-water and one pint of Vinegar boil them until half be consumed away then after it is setled pour off the tinctured Liquor into a flat earthen pan This done pour another quart of Spring-water upon the same red Vitriol boil it away half and after it is setled pour off the tinctured Liquor to the other Liquor in the earthen pan this repeat with fresh water until the red Copperas will colour the water no longer Place the earthen pan between two Bricks set edge-wise and kindle a very moderate fire under it and let the water evaporate or dry away until the red Vitriol that was dissolved in the said water be left dry in the bottom of the pan This red dried Vitriol put into a new Pipkin and calcine or burn it over again as you did at first that put in into another Pipkin and pour fresh water on it and boil it as you did before to extract the tincture or dissolve the purest of the red Vitriol then pour it off into your earthen pan and pour more fresh water on the red Vitriol or Copperas in the Pipkin and boil it to extract more of the tincture thus continue until all is extracted throwing away the remaining dregs on the bottom the tinctured Liquors evaporate again to a driness and then calcine or burn the red Copperas remaining on the bottom a third time and extract and evaporate it over again in the same manner as before which done then the Copperas is prepared 3. Take Verdigriese one ounce and half powder it and put it into a glass pour on it half a pint of sharp distill'd Vinegar let it stand in the Sun four or five days or 24 hours in warm water then pour off the Vinegar being tinctured green and evaporate it in an earthen pan until it be dry The proportion of these prepared Ingredients for to make the foresaid Brown Oyntment is as followeth Take of the above-mentioned prepared Copperas powdered two ounces of the prepared Verdigriese one ounce and a quarter clarified Honey six ounces of the Vinegar that was pressed from the Herbs three ounces of the Flegm of Vitriol two ounces boil them to the thickness of an Oyntment in the same manner as was told you in the preparation of the Unguentum Aegyptiacum This Brown Oyntment as it is here described the preparation is very tedious and troublesome which you may make shorter thus Calcine the Vitriol six hours then powder it and extract the tincture with three quarts of water and one pint of sharp Vinegar evaporate it and then it is sufficiently prepared The Verdigriese must be prepared as it is set down before The Herbs need not be extracted with Vinegar only press out their juices and mix them with the Tincture of Verdigriese The Honey need not be clarified only take off the scum as it is boiling with the juices then put in the other Ingredients according as you have been informed before But far beyond this I have formerly prescribed an Oyntment that in malignant or sordid Ulcers Joynt-waters Fistula's and other desperate cases doth the greatest Effects imaginable which I here impart to you Take of the Vitriol of Venus of the Vitriol of Mars of each half an ounce Sugar of Lead two drams Honey boiled up to a consistency three ounces and half Mithridate half an ounce mix them together in the Mortar without putting them over the fire If your Oyntment happen to be too thick either by over-boiling the Honey or by driness of the weather drying the Oyntment after it is made you may soften it with a little Honey of Roses or rather Iuice of Celandine The Description of Vnguentum Althaeae or Oyntment of Marsh-mallows TAke of the Oyl of Mucilages which is described in the foregoing Chapter one pound Wax half a pound Rosin one ounce and half Terebinthin six drams make them up into an Oyntment The manner of Preparing First melt the Wax and Rosin together afterward put in the Terebinthin and Oyl and let them boil gently to the thickness of an Oyntment stirring it oft with your Spatula until it be ready to be taken off the fire The Prices It will stand you in something less than three farthings an ounce The Apothecaries sell it the ounce at two pence The Description of Vnguentum Basilicon I wittingly omit in regard that Tarre and Firre-Terrebinthin being mixt together in equal proportions doth digest and ripen far beyond it The Description of Unguentum Populeon or Poppy-Oyntment TAke of the fresh Buds of black Poplar half a pound Violet-leaves and Venus Navil of each three ounces new unsalted Hogs grease three pound Bruise and mix them and let them steep together in the Hogs grease in the month of May adde to them of the tops of young Bramble-bush of the leaves of black Poppey Mandrake Henbane Night-shade Lettice of the greater and lesser Housleek and of the greater Burdock of each three ounces Bruise them again and mix them all together letting them stand and ferment ten days then pour on them a pint Rose-water and boil them until all the superfluous moisture be consumed Strain and press them hard through a Canvas-strainer The manner of Preparing The Poplar-buds Violet-leaves and Venus navil must be bruised together in a stone Mortar in the month of May. The Hogs grease must be freed from its little skins and wash'd in this manner Cut it into small pieces and melt it with a little water over a charcoal-Charcoal-fire in a clean flat earthen pan stirring it oft with a Spatula Being melted strain it through a clean piece of Linnen and pour on it some luke-warm water put it over a very gentle fire stirring it oft with a Spatula for an hour then letting the grease settle pour off the water and pour on again some fresh warm water and stir it oft for half an hour then let it settle and shift the water again washing of the

together and pour on them the Wine and Briony-juice This Water when it is distilled as it ought to be is not good enough to wash your hands and consequently of little vertue to be taken inwardly for not a quarter of the strength of the Ingredients doth come over the Helm Wherefore let me advise you rather to prepare this Water against Fits thus Instead of the Juice of Briony Take dried Briony-roots beaten to a gross powder two ounces the rest of the Herbs being all dried and the other Ingredients poudered gross and in the same quantity as they are set down before Instead of three pints of Canary take a quart of the best Nants Brandy Put them into a Glass and let them steep six days in warm Ashes then strain the liquor off and keep it in a glass Bottle cork'd up for your use An half ounce of this Liquor doth contain more vertue than half a pint of the other distilled Water What this Liquor or Water will stand you in is not difficult to compute by what is informed you before therefore I shall spare the pains of summing it up here The Apothecaries prices are three shillings six pence or four shillings the pint and three pence or four pence the ounce The Description of Aqua Limacum Magistralis or the London Snail-water against Consumptions THis compound Water is so ridiculous that I am ashamed to see it in any Dispensatory for the chief thing aimed at is through the cool clammy and glutinous substance of the liquor of Snails 1. To cool the heat of the Hectick Fever 2. To repair the parts consumed 3. To facilitate Expectoration that is to make the matter come up easie by Cough through its lenifying quality whereby it sweeteneth the humors by allaying those gnawing Salts that prey on the Lungs Now in distilling of the Snails there is no part of their unctuous or glutinous Liquor passeth the Alembick but a meer Elementary Water The same may be said also of the Hogs Blood For this and other reasons I do commend to you this following Liquor of Snails Take of Garden-snails especially those off a Vine with their shells a pound first wash them well with water and a little salt then wash them once or twice more with fair water to wash off the salt bruise them with their shells in a stone Mortar to a mash adde to them Ground-Ivie Speedwell Lungwort Scabious Burnet Coltsfoot and Nettle-tops of each a handful English Liquoris half an ounce Dates stoned twelve in number of the four greater cold Seeds and Marshmallow seeds of each one dram and half Saffron a scruple Put them into a new glazed Pipkin and pour on them a quart of Spring-water fasten the Cover close to the Pipkin by pasting it round with Dough. Let it stand twelve hours upon hot Cinders or rather in a Kettle of hot water over the fire then strain and press out the Liquor dissolving into it while it 's warm a quarter of a pound of clarified Honey put it into a Glass and keep it in the Cellar Note That the Herbs must be shred the Seeds bruised and the Liquoris cut small What concerns the other compound Waters described in the Dispensatory they either agreeing in vertue with some of these forementioned or being not very aptly composed or other Medicines being at hand that instead of them may immediately according to the Prescription of your Family-Physician be prepared with far greater profit and benefit to the Patient for those reasons I have omitted setting down any more of the said Dispensatory-Waters CHAP. III. Of Syrups The Description of Syrupus Altheae or Syrup of Marshmallows TAke Marshmallow-roots two ounces Grass-roots Asparagus-roots Liquoris raspt and Raisins stoned of each half an ounce red Cicers one ounce the tops of Marsh-mallows Mallows Pellitory Burnet Plantane Wall-rue and Maidenhair of each one handful the four greater cold Seeds and the four lesser cold Seeds of each three drams Boil them in three quarts of fair water unto two quarts strain the Liquor into your Syrup-pan and dissolve into it three pounds and half of good Bahi Sugar which will go as far as four pounds of Barbadoes and preserve the Syrup much better The manner of Preparing The Marshmallow-roots by scraping with a knife must be freed from those strings that hang about them likewise their hard cordy substance must be taken away from them then wash them well and bruise them in the Mortar Also wash the Grass-roots and Asparagus-roots and bruise them scrape off the black outside from the Liquoris and bruise it into strings or rasp it wash the Herbs clean for cleanliness in preparing of Medicines is wholsome and no less commendable than it is in Cookery First then put into your Pipkin being placed on a clear fire and containing three quarts of water the Marshmallow Asparagus and Grass-roots because they require longest boiling a while after put in the Cicers and not long after that put in the Herbs being shred the next you must put in are the Seeds Liquoris and Raisins being sufficiently boil'd strain and press the Liquor out and then clarifie it The manner how to clarifie Decoctions and Apozemes you shall be informed of at the end of this Chapter Having dissolved your Sugar to the Decoction boil it gently until it comes to the due thickness of a Syrup Note The four greater cold Seeds are these 1. Pompion 2. Cucumber 3. Gourge 4. Melon-seeds The four lesser cold Seeds are 1. Succory 2. Endive 3. Lettice 4. Purslain-seeds The Prices The Ingredients come to 9 d. The Sugar 21 d. Fire 3 d. or 4 d. The whole amounts to 2 s. 10 d. For which you have five pints eight ounces allowing the fourth part waste which evaporates in the boiling it up to a Syrup so that it will stand you in about three farthings the ounce The Apothecaries prices By the pint two shillings By the ounce three pence The Description of Syrupus Garyophyllorum or Syrup of Gilliflowers TAke fragrant Gilli flowers cut off from their white strings one pound pour on them a quart of Spring-water and let them stand all night Then strain the Liquor and being gently warmed dissolve therein four pound of the whitest Sugar without boiling it The manner of preparing 1. Buy the most fragrant Gilliflowers that are newly gathered at ten or twelve pence the peck 2. Put them into a large pewter Flagon or a new earthen glased Pipkin and pour the Water being warmed upon them then stop your Flagon or earthen Vessel very close and place it all night in the Cellar 3. Strain off your tinctured liquor without much pressing the Strainer in regard you are not to clarifie it as other Liquors are for Syrups for that would occasion a great loss of those fragrant Cordial Spirits 4. Place your Syrup-pan over a very gentle Charcoal-fire burning clear without the least smoak and let your liquor be only luke-warm then put in the Sugar being

The manner of Preparation Note Instead of putting Sand into the Sand pan of your portable Furnace you must put in ashes or rather Saw-dust for to set the glass Alembick in to distil You must bruise the Roots in a Stone or Lignum Vitae Mortar shred the leaves and bruise them also in a Mortar and put them into such a glass stopt close and fixt in warm Water as was exprest in the Preparation of the foregoing Water The Prices The Roots at a half penny the half ounce come to 2 d. ½ d. The Leaves at a half penny the handful 8 d. The Wine at 4 s. Charcoal to burn in the furnace 4 d. The whole distillation will stand you in just 5 s. 2 d. d. The Pint of this Plague Water costs you seven pence in regard the whole Distillation will yield somewhat more than eight Pints the Ounce will come to less than three farthings computing Physically twelve ounces onely to the Pint. The Apothecaries Prices of Plague-Water By the Pint three Shillings six Pence and some sell it at four Shillings By the Ounce three Pence and some four Pence The Description of Aqua Mirabilis TAke of Cloves Galangal Cubebs Mace Cardamoms Nutmegs Ginger of each a dram juice of Celandine half a pint Spirits of Wine one pint Whitewine three pints Steep them four and twenty hours and then distil them in ashes in a glass Alembick The manner of Preparing The manner of steeping and distilling of this Water is the same with the foregoing Most Apothecaries and Distillers draw this Water off in a Copper Still with a Bucket Head or with one that goeth with a Worm The Spices before mentioned must be beaten to a course powder only for if you endeavour to bring them into a fine powder their principal vertue is apt to fly away in powdering By Spirits of Wine is here meant the best Nants Brandy Observe You are to distil this Water only half off and leave the other half in the Still because the first half will contain all the Spirits and vertue of the Ingredients whereas the other remaining half is found to be flat and sit for no other use than to wash your hands though it is to be feared that such as are greedy of gain distil it almost quite off The Prices The Spices all at 6 d. or 7 d. The juice of Celandine at 3 d. or 4 d. The best Nants Brandy the pint at 5½ d. or 6 d. Whitewine at 18 d. Charcoal 2 d. or 3 d. The whole Distillation which is two pints and a quarter comes to 2 s. 10 ½ d. or 3 s. 2 d. The Pint comes to seventeen or eighteen pence The Ounce comes to five farthings or a little less The Apothecaries Prices By the pint three shillings six pence and some four shillings By the ounce three pence and some four pence The Description of Cinnamon-Water according to the Dispensatory TAke a quarter of a Pound of Cinnamon steep it four and twenty hours in three Quarts of Brandy then distil it in ashes in a glass Alembick which renders a purer Water by much than a copper Still The manner of Preparation Observe You are to bruise the Cinnamon gross and into every Pint of the distilled Water you must dissolve two Ounces of the best white Sugar Here is a great deal of hot burning Brandy to a little Cinnamon wherefore you will do better in preparing it thus Take three quarters of a pound of Cinnamon bruised steep it eight and forty hours in a quart of Rose-Water and a pint of Whitewine then distil it as long as it drops milkie in a glass Alembick in Balneo that is in Water poured into your Sand-pan instead of Sand or Ashes but if your Pan be not large enough to contain a sufficient quantity of Water you may make use of Saw-dust instead of the Water and keep a very moderate fire in the Furnace What this Water will stand you in you may easily compute your self The Description of Aqua Raphani composita or the common compound Water against the Scurvey TAke of Garden and Sea-Scurvey-grass leaves of each three pound press the juice out of them and thereunto mix of the juices of Water-cresses and Brooklime three quarters of a pint the best White-wine two quarts Limons cut into small slices six in number Briony roots newly taken out of the ground two pound Hors-radishes one pound Winters bark a quarter of a pound Nutmegs two ounces steep them three days and distil them in Ashes in a glass Alembick or copper Still with a Bucket Head The manner of Preparation The Briony and Horse-radish Roots must be bruised together in a stone Mortar the Winters bark and the Nutmegs are to be beaten to a gross powder in a brass Mortar The juices are to be pressed out of the said Herbs in the same manner as was told you in the preparation of Treacle-water Put the Ing●●dients into a glass Receiver and pour the Juices on them stop the Glass very close with a Cork and a Bladder and place it in a cool Cellar for two or three days Observe 1. If you should let those Ingredients stand in steep in hot Ashes Sand or warm Water that would certainly diminish the vertue of those light flying Salts and Spirits 2. The juice of Limons mortifying the said light flying Salts and Spirits may be more conveniently left out than added 3. When this Water hath been kept a month or two though never so close stopt you may be certain it hath lost very much of its vertue 4. This Water being distilled as exactly as may be yet is not half so effectual as some Spirits which are published in my last Treatise of the Scurvie The Prices Upon the valuation of the Herbs Roots and Bark according to the Rates I have already informed you before you shall finde that this Water may be prepared at six or eight pence the pint and at a half penny the ounce The Apothecaries commonly sell this Water at three shillings six pence the Pint and three pence the Ounce The Description of Aqua Brioniae composita or the London Water against Fits of the Mother TAke of the Iuice of Briony-roots one pint of the leaves of Rue and Mugwort of each half a pound Savin dryed a little less than a handful Fetherfew Nip Penny-royal Basil of each half a handful of the outside of fresh Orange-peel one ounce Myrrhe half an ounce Castor a quarter of an ounce Canary-wine three pints steep them four days in a Glass well stopt and then distil them off in a glass Alembick in Balneo or warm water The manner of Preparation The dryed Herbs which are the Savin and Penny-royal may be beaten together to a gross powder The other Herbs which must be green and fresh are to be shred small or beaten to mash in a wooden or stone Mortar The Myrrhe must be poudered by it self and the Castor cut into small thin slices mix all these

pulp 5. The manner of preparing Sugar of Violets Take two ounces of the juice of Violets and as much Violet-water therein dissolve one pound of white Sugar Boil them in a Preserving-pan over a Chafing-dish of Charcoal until they come to a just thickness which you shall know by these several trials 1. By dropping a drop off the point of a Knife or steel Slice on a Plate and let it grow cold if it prove hard enough so that you may take it off the Plate without sticking it is boil'd enough 2. By taking some of it on the point of a knife and let it drop into the Pan again which if it be enough it will drop a top of the surface and continue raised on it like a knob 3. By letting a little cool on the point of a knife and then see whether it be hard enough Lastly observe while the Violet-juice Water and Sugar are boiling you must oft stir it with a steel Slice or long-handled spoon or knife to prevent it from burning at the bottom The manner of preparing Sugar of Roses Because of the Affinity of this Preparation with the foregoing and that a little father information will serve I thought fit to set down the manner of preparing Sugar of Roses Dissolve a pound of the best white Sugar being powdered and sifted into four ounces of red Rose-water or into two ounces of red Rose-water and as much of the juice of red Roses boil it to a just body mixing it with one ounce of red Rose-leaves dried in the Sun and powdered a little before it be ready to be taken off from the fire How to make the foresaid Sugar of Roses or Violets into Lozenges When your Sugar of Roses or Violets is taken off from the Fire and hath stood a little for to cool put it on a clean smooth Marble-stone whereon you must have dusted a little fine Flour by tying it up in a fine rag and then beating the said rag all over the stone this being done to prevent the sticking of the Lozenges to the Stone afterwards take a small Rolling-pin such as is used for Paste and dust it likewise over with fine Flour with this Rolling-pin smooth the top of the Sugar being almost grown cold then with a Knife cut it into Lozenges of such shape and bigness you fancie best The Prices of Electuary Lenitive The Ingredients of the Decoct 18 d. The white Sugar and Sugar of Violets for the Syrup 18 d. The Pulps 3 s. 2 d. The Sena and Anniseeds 8 d. The whole 6 s. 10 d. For which you shall have five pounds and somewhat more of Electuary Lenitive so that it will not stand you in above sixteen pence farthing the pound and the ounce will come but to one penny The Apothecaries prices The pound four shillings The ounce four pence CHAP. IX Of Pills The Description of Pilulae Rudii or Extractum Catholicon TAke of the pulp of Colocynth six drams Agarick black Hellebore-root Scammony Turbith of each half an ounce Aloës Succotrine one ounce of the powder of Diarrhodon Abbatis half an ounce All these excepting the powder or Species of Diarrhodon Abbatis must be beaten into a gross powder and put into a digesting-Glass viz. a glass Body and blinde Head or into a bolt Head with a wide neck pouring upon them as much Brandy as will cover them and eight fingers breadth higher so let them stand in the Sun to steep for eight days Afterwards in the same manner infuse the powder of Diarrhodon Abbatis in Brandy for four days then strain and press the Liquor or Tincture hard from both the Infusions and mix them pouring them into a glass Body covered with a glass Head and distill off as much of the moisture until the remainder in the bottom of the glass Body come to the thickness of Honey whereof make a mass of Pills and put it up into a stone Pill-pot Exceptions against this Prescription 1. Whoever caused this description to be inserted into the Dispensatory discovered himself very much unexperienced in Chymical Pharmacy by directing the Aloës and Scammony to be infused with the other Ingredients for the Aloës and Scammony immediately saturating or clogging the body of the Brandy hinder its Spirits in attracting the virtue out of the other purgative Ingredients there being not a third part of their virtue extracted 2. The Powder of Diarrhodon Abbatis is not only troublesome but chargeable to be prepared and when it is prepared signifies no more to the correcting of those strong Purgatives than water to the washing a Blackmore white Wherefore instead of this Fobcorrective rather adde to those Purgatives one dram of Cinnamon Clove-bark two scruples both reduced to a gross powder and put in with the other Ingredients The volatile Salts and Spirits of those Spices being united with the Spirits of the Brandy do not only render them more potent to extract the virtue of the other Simples but also qualifie them through their subtile particles to maturate and digest the gross impure Sulphurs of those violent Purgatives whereby they become more milde and less offensive to Nature and heightned in their virtues The true manner of preparing the foresaid Pilulae Rudii 1. BReak the Colocynth-Apples and take out the white soft Marrow flinging away the grains or kernels Then put the said Marrow into your brass Mortar dropping into it a few drops of Oyl of sweet Almonds or of sweet Salade-oyl and beat it to powder 2. The Agarick will not be beaten into powder but must be grated on a Tin Grater 3. The black Hellebore and Turbith may be beaten together into a powder 4. Put all these Ingredients together with the Spices beaten to a gross powder into a digesting-Glass and then pour the Brandy upon them having dissolved into it one dram and a half of Salt of Tartar When the Liquor is sufficiently tinctured strain it and press it hard out into a low glass Body to which you are then to adde the best Scammony and Succotrine Aloës which needs no other purification each by it self grosly powdered and sifted from the stalks and other heterogeneous bodies that are usually incorporated with them After this distil off the moisture until it comes to the thickness of Honey Twenty grains of this Preparation is more safe and yet not less effectual than fourty grains of the other The Prices The Colocynth 5 d. or 6 d. Agarick 3 d. Black Hellebore ½ d. Scammony 5 d. Turbith 3 d. Aloës Suc. 6 d. Spec. Diarrhodon Abbatis 6 d. Bourdeaux Brandy 15 d. Charcoal 4 d. The whole 3 s. 11 d. ½ d. For which you shall have about two ounces of Pil. Rudii The ounce comes to one shilling eleven pence three farthings The dram comes to three pence The Apothecaries prices The ounce at four shillings The dram at six pence The Description of the Mass of Pills of Hiera with Agarick TAke of the powder of Hiera Picra the preparation whereof hath

said grease thus twice or thrice is sufficient for this Oyntment but for the Oyntment of Roses Vnguentum Album and Vnguentum Pomatum where whiteness is required to make the Oyntment look neat and very white you must wash it in the manner aforesaid eight or nine times The Hogs grease being wash'd put it into the Mortar and mix the aforesaid Herbs with it by stirring the Pestil oft about then put them into a clean Pipkin and let them stand about a month or so long until the other Herbs can be got which then must be also bruised in the Mortar and mixed with the grease and Poplar-buds this done set them in the Sun for eight or nine days stirring them now and then about with a Spatula At last put them into your Pan pour the Rose-water upon them and let them boil until the superfluous moisture be boil'd away then strain and press them hard out and put them into an Oyntment-pot The Apothecaries sell this Oyntment for two pence an ounce The Description of Unguentum Album TAke Oyl of Roses nine ounces White Lead three ounces Wax two ounces Camphor two drams make them up into an Oyntment The manner of preparing this White Oyntment Cut your Wax into lumps and melt it together with the Oyl of Roses in a glas'd earthen Pan or a tinn'd Pan but not in one of brass because that will spoil the whiteness of the Oyntment Being melted and mixed together with a Spatula take it off when it 's grown half cold put in the White Lead being washed and very finely powdred gradually mixing it as it 's put in by stirring it about with a wooden Spatula Being grown almost quite cold mix in like manner the Camphor being powdred and grownd into a smooth even powder dropping a few drops of Oyl of sweet Almonds into the Mortar to anoint the bottom and end of the Pestle Note Oyl of Roses is prepared by steeping four ounces of red Roses before they are quite opened in a pint of Oyl of Olives that was pressed out before the Olives were ripe and setting it in the Sun six or eight days Then strain and press the Oyl from the Roses and put fresh red Roses to the Oyl and steep it again in the Sun the same do again the third time This Oyntment will not stand you in two farthings the ounce Apothecaries sell it at two pence the ounce and some at three pence CHAP. XII Of Emplasters The Description of Emplastrum Diachylon cum Gummi TAke of the Oyl of Mucilages two pound Lithargyr of gold one pound pouring to them about a pint of water boil them until they come to the thickness of a Plaister then adde to them yellow Wax a quarter of a pound Gum-ammoniac Galbanum Opopanax Sagapenum all dissolved in Vinegar of each two ounces Therebinthin a quarter of a pound make them up into an Emplaster The manner of preparing this Plaister The Lithargyr must be powdred very fine and sifted then put it to the Oyl and Water and boil them stirring them continually until they come to the thickness of a Plaister then put to them the Wax cut into lumps which being melted put in also the Gums which you must first have dissolved over the fire in as much Vinegar as will swim a-top two fingers breadth this strain through a Canvas and evaporate it until it come to the thickness of Honey These being well mixt with the Oyl and Wax adde to them the Therebinthin which being also well mixt take them off and keep constantly stirring gently with your Spatula until it is almost grown cold then make it up into great Rowls between your hands being anointed with a little Oyl of Roses or other sweet Oyl Observe That the Gums will not mix so well unless the Oyl of Mucilages be a little cooled The Description of Emplastrum Sticticum Paracelsi TAke Oyl of Olives six ounces yellow Wax one ounce and half Lithargyr powdered four ounces and a half Gum-ammoniac Bdellium of each half an ounce Galbanum Opopanax Oyl of Bays Lapis Calaminaris of both the sorts of Aristolochia Myrrhe Frankincense of each a quarter of an ounce Therebinthin one ounce The Oyl Wax and Lithargyr must be boil'd together until it doth not stick to your fingers Afterwards the mass being a little cooled put the Gums to it being dissolved in Vinegar which by boiling let evaporate from it being strained and pressed hard through the Strainer at last put in the Powders Therebinthin and Oyl of Bays so make it up to an Emplaster I need not adde any thing for the instructing you in making of the Plaister since the directions set down in the manner of preparing the Diachylon cum Gummi will sufficiently guide you The Description of Emplastrum Diapalma or Diachalciteos TAke unsalted Hogs grease cleansed from its skins one pound Oyl of Olives pressed out before the Olives are ripe Lithargyr of Gold powdered fine and sifted of each one pound and half white Vitriol burn'd and powder'd two ounces the Lithargyr Grease and Oyl must be boil'd together on a gentle fire pouring to them a little plantane-Plantane-water and stirring them continually with a Spatula until they come to the body of a Plaister wherewith being almost cold you are to mix the Vitriol and so make it up into a Mass. Besides the instructions given you before you are onely to observe when this or any other Emplaster is boiling to drop now and then off of the Spatula wherewith you stir the melted Mass of Emplaster a drop thereof upon the backside of a Plate and let it cool and thereby you may judge whether your Plaister be boil'd enough This Plaister is sold by the Apothecaries at two pence the ounce Observe That in defect of the foregoing Paracelsus Plaister melting of two thirds of Diachylon with one third of Diapalma will very well serve for the same intent and purpose if not better The Description of the Emplastrum Opodeldoch of Felix Wurtz so much cryed up among Surgeons beyond-Sea TAke of the best Wax two pound Venice Therebinthin one pound Genoa Oyl of Olives three ounces melt them together pouring thereunto of the Iuices of Celandine Oak-leaves Starwort and Speedwel of each one ounce and half boil these until all the moisture be consumed then put to them Gum-ammoniac Galbanum Opopanax dissolved in Vinegar strained and evaporated in the same manner as was directed in preparing the Diachylon of each six drams Colophony one ounce and half Amber half an ounce Mastich Myrrhe Frankincense Sarcocolla of each three drams prepar'd Magnet one ounce and half Crocus Martis two ounces Crocus Veneris one ounce prepared Tuthia Lapis Calaminaris of each ten drams of the red sweet Earth of Vitriol as much as will make the Plaister red The manner of Preparing Observe That the Crocus Martis and Veneris Tuthia Lapis Calaminaris and Earth of Vitriol must be put in last when the Plaister is almost grown cold 2. The Magnet is

prepared thus Being powder'd make it red-hot in a Crucible and pour to it of well-dulcified Oyl of Mars the same quantity let them continue over the fire until they be dry 3. The Oyl of Mars is prepared thus Take of Allom one pound of common Salt four ounces distil an Aqua fortis from them in a reverberatory Furnace with this water imbibe the Filings of Steel several times a day and a rust will stick which must be washt off clean let the water evaporate from it to an oyliness which must be dulcified by evaporating common water from it once or twice The manner of preparing Lapis Calaminaris Powder it very small and heat it red-hot in a Crucible and quench it by pouring Vinegar a-top it this repeat thrice The Tuthia is prepared in the same manner excepting that instead of Vinegar it must be quenched with Fenil or Celandine-water The Preparation of Crocus Veneris Take Copper beaten into very thin Plates put them into a Crucible in Layes which is termed among Chymists Stratum supra stratum one over the other strewing some common Salt between every Lay then cause them to be nealed together which done cast the Plates and Salt into cold water and wash them clean from their blackness then put them again in Lays with Salt as before neal them and then cast them into cold water This nealing and washing repeat three or four times or oftner The water wherein the Plates were washed being setled decant or pour off from the setlings on the bottom which must be sweetned by oft pouring warm water on them and letting them settle and then pouring it off again repeat the washing so oft until the aforesaid settlings taste free of the Salt Crocus Martis prepare thus Put Filings of Steel into a Crucible which set in a reveberatory-Furnace for four and twenty hours then cast the red-hot Steel into a large earthen Pan that 's full of water stir it well together and pour it off into another earthen Pan then evaporate the water and on the bottom you will finde the Crocus Martis The Preparation of the Earth of Vitriol Calcine Vitriol in an earthen Pot to a red colour powder it and pour water on it which let stand four and twenty hours to settle then pour off the water This repeat so often until it 's sweetned and all the sharpness is taken off These Emplasters are sufficient for all intentions however those that desire to make use of some other common Emplasters they may buy them from the Druggists that keep Journey-men Apothecaries for the same purpose at as cheap a rate as they can prepare them themselves which is far cheaper than you buy them from the Apothecaries who oft by keeping them too long in their Shops or not preparing them exactly sell Emplasters far worse and of much less vertue than those that are sold by the Druggists who commonly take great care that their Medicaments shall be well and exactly prepared THe Rates of Emplasters at the Druggists you may see at the end of the ensuing Table of Rates and Prices of Druggs The Rates and Prices current of Drugs and other Commodities belonging to Physick as they are commonly sold at by the Druggists in London Radices or Roots A Corus the pound 2 Shillings Angelica the pound 6 d. Aristolochia rotunda the pound 1 s. Aristolochia longa the pound 1 s. Asarum the pound 2 s. 8 d. Behen Album the pound 2 s. 8 d. Behen Rubrum the pound 2 s. 8 d. Bistort the pound 9 d. Carlina the pound 8 d. China according to its goodness the pound from 4 s. to 6 s. China lapid or Flinty China the pound 2 s. 8 d. Contrayerva the pound 12 s. Costus dulcis the pound 2 s. 8 d. Costus amarus the pound 2 s. 8 d. Curcuma Turmerick the pound 8 d. Cyperus longus the pound 1 s. Cyperus rotundus the pound 1 s. 4 d. Dictamnum album the pound 1 s. 6 d. Doronicum Romanum the pound 5 s. 4 d. Elicampane the pound 1 s. Eringo the pound 1 s. 4 d. Galanga Galingal the pound 4 s. Gentian the pound 8 d. Glycyrrhiza Angl. or English Liquoris the pound 1 s. Glycyrrhiza Hisp. or Spanish Liquoris the pound 6 d. Hellebore white the pound 1 s. Hellebore black the pound 1 s. Hermodactyls the pound 1 s. Ialap the pound 3 s. 4 d. Iris Flor. Orris of Florence the pound 8 d. Mechoacan the pound 5 s. 4 d. Meum the pound 5 s. Rad. phu maj the pound 4 s. Polypodium of the Oak the pound 8 d. Pyrethrum the pound 1 s. Rhapontic the pound 2 s. 8 d. Rhubarb the best the pound 14 s. Rubia tinctorum the pound 1 s. 6 d. Sarsaparil according to its goodness the pound from 4 s. to 5 s. Scorzonera the pound 2 s. 8 d. Serpentaria Virginiana the pound 8 s. Squils the pound 6 d. Spikenard Celt the pound 2 s. 8 d. Spikenard Indian the pound 8 s. Thapsia the pound 6 s. Tormentil the pound 10 d. Turbith the pound 6 s. Zedoary the pound 2 s. Cortices or Barks CAssia lignea the pound 1 s. 8 d. Cortex Elatheriae the ounce 5 d. Clove-bark the pound 2 s. Caper-bark the pound 1 s. 4 d. Guaiacum-bark the pound 6 d. Iesuits bark the ounce 4 s. Pomgranat-bark the pound 1 s. 4 d. Tamarise-bark the pound 1 s. 4 d. Winters-bark the pound 2 s. Ligna or Woods LIgnum Aloës the ounce 9 d. Lignum Aspalathi the ounce 1 s. Lignum Colubrinum the pound 5 s. Lignum Guaiaci or Lignum Vitae the pound 2 d. Lignum Iuniperi the pound 1 s. Lignum Mastichinum the pound 2 s. Lignum Nephriticum the pound 8 s. Lignum Rhodii the pound 6 d. Santalum album white Sanders the pound 3 s. 4 d. Santalum citrinum yellow Sanders the pound 2. s. 8 d. Santalum rubrum red Sanders the pound 8 d. Sassafras cut the pound 6 d. Folia or Leaves ADianthum album the pound 1 s. 8 d. Adianthum nigrum the pound 1 s. 4 d Dictamnum Creticum leaves the pound 5 s. 4 d. Cuscuta the pound 1 s. Ceterach the pound 1 s. 6 d. Epithymum the pound 2 s. 8 d. Chamaepitys the pound 1 s. 8 d. Malabathr leaves the pound 8 s. Soldanella the pound 1 s. 6 d. Scordium Creticum the pound 1 s 4. d. Scordium common the pound 1 s. Senna Alexandr the best the pound 4 s. Senna of Aleppo the pound 3 s. Flores or Flowers BAlaustia the pound 5 s. 4 d. Chamomel-flow the pound 1 s. 2 d. Crocus Angl. English-Saffron according to its goodness the pound at present is from 50 s. to 54 s. Crocus Hisp. Spanish-Saffron the pound 24 s. Crocus Orient India-Saffron the ounce 3 s. 6 d. Melilot-flowers the pound 1 s. Flor. Origani the pound 2 s. 8 d. Flor. Polii montani the pound 2 s. 8 d. Red Rose-flow dried the pound 4 s. Flor. Staechados the pound 2