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water_n into_o earth_n though_o it_o be_v not_o so_o perfect_a as_o i_o wish_v and_o as_o i_o hope_v by_o god_n blessing_n to_o make_v it_o the_o first_o occasion_n afford_v i_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n about_o this_o matter_n be_v my_o be_v consult_v by_o a_o gentleman_n a_o ancient_a chemist_n but_o not_o at_o all_o a_o philosopher_n who_o relate_v to_o i_o how_o much_o he_o have_v with_o the_o wont_a success_n of_o such_o attempt_n labour_v after_o the_o grand_fw-fr arcana_fw-la complain_v to_o i_o among_o other_o thing_n that_o have_v occasion_n to_o employ_v great_a quantity_n of_o purify_a rain-water_n he_o obtain_v from_o it_o much_o less_o than_o he_o wish_v of_o the_o substance_n that_o he_o look_v for_o but_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o a_o certain_a whitish_a excrementitious_a matter_n which_o he_o know_v not_o what_o to_o make_v of_o this_o give_v i_o the_o curiosity_n first_o to_o desire_v a_o sight_n of_o it_o in_o case_n he_o have_v not_o throw_v it_o away_o which_o by_o 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i_o have_v more_o frequent_o reiterated_a my_o experiment_n which_o then_o i_o have_v not_o opportunity_n to_o do_v though_o i_o have_v thought_n of_o do_v it_o also_o with_o snow-water_n that_o i_o have_v put_v into_o chemical_a glass_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o with_o liquor_n of_o melt_a hail_n which_o i_o have_v likewise_o provide_v and_o thereby_o also_o obtain_v some_o more_o of_o this_o virgin_n earth_n as_o divers_a chemist_n will_v call_v it_o to_o make_v far_a trial_n with_o have_v retain_v great_a suspicion_n if_o i_o have_v not_o afterward_o accidental_o fall_v into_o discourse_n of_o this_o matter_n with_o a_o learned_a physician_n who_o have_v deal_v much_o in_o rain-water_n but_o he_o much_o confirm_v i_o in_o my_o conjecture_n by_o assure_v i_o that_o he_o have_v frequent_o find_v such_o a_o white_a earth_n as_o i_o mention_v in_o distil_a rain_n water_n after_o he_o have_v distil_v the_o same_o numerical_a liquor_n careful_o gather_v at_o first_o i_o know_v not_o 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corpuscle_n so_o exceed_v not_o to_o say_v unimaginable_o small_a that_o in_o two_o or_o three_o choice_a microscope_n both_o i_o and_o other_o have_v occasion_n to_o admire_v it_o and_o their_o extreme_a littleness_n be_v much_o more_o sensible_o discern_v by_o mingle_v some_o few_o grain_n of_o sand_n among_o they_o which_o make_v a_o mixture_n that_o look_v like_o that_o of_o pibble_n stone_n and_o of_o the_o fine_a flower_n for_o our_o earth_n even_o in_o the_o microscope_n appear_v to_o consist_v of_o as_o small_a particle_n as_o the_o fine_a hair-powder_n to_o the_o naked_a eye_n nor_o can_v we_o discern_v this_o dust_n to_o be_v transparent_a though_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o it_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o microscope_n to_o have_v some_o particle_n a_o little_a glister_n which_o yet_o appear_v but_o in_o a_o glare_a light_n we_o be_v not_o sure_a to_o be_v no_o deceptio_fw-la visûs_fw-la 2._o i_o find_v that_o our_o white_a powder_n be_v cast_v into_o water_n will_v 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pair_n of_o gold_n scales_n and_o a_o method_n that_o will_v be_v too_o long_o here_o to_o describe_v i_o find_v that_o this_o powder_n weigh_v somewhat_o though_o not_o much_o more_o than_o twice_o so_o much_o common_a water_n as_o be_v equal_a to_o it_o in_o bulk_n and_o lest_o some_o corollary_n that_o seem_v obvious_o contain_v in_o the_o common_a but_o groundless_a conceit_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n about_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o element_n in_o density_n etc._n etc._n shall_v make_v you_o expect_v that_o this_o powder_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v much_o more_o ponderous_a i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v have_v the_o curiosity_n which_o i_o wonder_v no_o body_n shall_v have_v before_o i_o to_o examine_v the_o gravity_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o seem_v the_o most_o elementary_a of_o any_o we_o have_v i_o take_v some_o sift_v wood-ash_n which_o i_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v three_o or_o four_o time_n boil_v in_o a_o plentiful_a proportion_n of_o water_n to_o free_v they_o from_o salt_n and_o have_v put_v they_o very_o dry_a into_o common_a water_n i_o find_v they_o but_o little_o heavy_a than_o our_o new_o mention_a powder_n surpass_v in_o weight_n water_n of_o the_o same_o bulk_n but_o twice_o and_o a_o little_a more_o than_o a_o 6_o part_n water_n and_o it_o be_v very_o little_o more_o than_o as_o 1_o to_o 2_o 1_o 6._o and_o that_o you_o may_v the_o less_o doubt_n of_o this_o i_o will_v yet_o subjoin_v that_o examine_v the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o white_a glass_n itself_o i_o find_v that_o compact_a body_n to_o be_v very_o little_a if_o at_o all_o more_o than_o 2_o time_n and_o a_o half_a as_o heavy_a as_o water_n of_o equal_a bigness_n to_o it_o so_o that_o the_o gravity_n of_o that_o powder_n which_o borrow_v a_o
they_o the_o several_a thing_n that_o concur_v to_o constitute_v the_o body_n as_o matter_n shape_n situation_n and_o motion_n ordinantur_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la &_o intrinsecè_fw-la to_o constitute_v one_o natural_a body_n but_o if_o this_o answer_n satisfy_v not_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o for_o my_o part_n that_o which_o i_o be_o solicitous_a about_o be_v what_o nature_n have_v make_v thing_n to_o be_v in_o themselves_o not_o what_o a_o logician_n or_o metaphysician_n will_v call_v they_o in_o the_o term_n of_o his_o art_n it_o be_v much_o fit_a in_o my_o judgement_n to_o alter_v word_n that_o they_o may_v better_o fit_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n then_o to_o affix_v a_o wrong_a nature_n to_o thing_n that_o they_o may_v be_v accommodate_v to_o form_n of_o word_n that_o be_v probable_o devise_v when_o the_o thing_n themselves_o be_v not_o know_v or_o well_o understand_v if_o at_o all_o thought_n on_o wherefore_o i_o shall_v but_o add_v one_o argument_n more_o of_o this_o sort_n 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substantial_a definition_n of_o any_o natural_a compositum_fw-la except_o man._n but_o it_o may_v suffice_v we_o to_o have_v instead_o of_o substantial_a essential_a definition_n of_o thing_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v take_v from_o the_o essential_a difference_n of_o thing_n which_o constitute_v they_o in_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o natural_a body_n and_o discriminate_a they_o from_o all_o those_o of_o any_o other_o sort_n these_o three_o argument_n pyrophilus_n for_o substantial_a form_n you_o may_v possible_o as_o well_o as_o i_o find_v various_o propose_v and_o perhaps_o with_o some_o light_a alteration_n multiply_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n and_o schoolman_n but_o all_o the_o argument_n of_o this_o kind_n that_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o may_z if_o i_o mistake_v not_o be_v sufficient_o solve_v by_o the_o answer_v we_o have_v give_v to_o these_o or_o at_o least_o by_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o those_o answer_n be_v build_v those_o seem_o various_a argument_n 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the_o water_n be_v communicate_v the_o agitation_n of_o its_o part_n to_o the_o contiguous_a air_n or_o to_o the_o vesseâ—_n that_o contain_v it_o till_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o surplusage_n of_o motion_n or_o by_o the_o ingress_n oâ—_n those_o frigorifick_a atom_n wherewith_o iâ—_n any_o such_o be_v to_o be_v grant_v the_o air_n iâ—_n these_o climate_n be_v wont_a to_o abound_v and_o so_o be_v reduce_v into_o its_o former_a temperature_n which_o may_v as_o well_o be_v do_v without_o a_o substantial_a form_n as_o if_o a_o shiâ—_n swim_v slow_o down_o a_o river_n shall_v by_o a_o sudden_a gust_n of_o wind_n blow_v the_o same_o way_n the_o stream_n run_v be_v drive_v oâ—_n much_o fast_a than_o before_o the_o vessel_n upoâ—_n the_o cease_n of_o the_o wind_n may_v without_o any_o such_o internal_a principle_n return_v after_o a_o while_n to_o its_o former_a slowness_n of_o motion_n so_o that_o in_o this_o phaenomenon_n we_o need_v not_o have_v recourse_n to_o a_o internal_a principle_n 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melt_v metal_n i_o shall_v mean_v that_o this_o fusion_n be_v effect_v by_o fire_n or_o some_o other_o body_n which_o by_o the_o various_a and_o vehement_a motion_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n do_v to_o we_o appear_v hot._n and_o hence_o by_o the_o way_n i_o presume_v you_o will_v easy_o guess_v at_o what_o i_o think_v of_o the_o controversy_n so_o hot_o dispute_v of_o late_a betwixt_o two_o party_n of_o learned_a man_n whereof_o the_o one_o will_v have_v all_o accident_n to_o work_v only_o in_o virtue_n of_o the_o matter_n they_o reside_v in_o and_o the_o other_o will_v have_v the_o matter_n to_o act_v only_o in_o virtue_n of_o its_o accident_n for_o consider_v that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o quality_n we_o here_o speak_v of_o do_v so_o depend_v upon_o matter_n that_o they_o can_v so_o much_o as_o have_v a_o be_v but_o in_o and_o by_o it_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o all_o matter_n be_v but_o quite_o devoid_a of_o motion_n to_o name_n now_o no_o other_o accident_n i_o 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call_v first_o the_o element_n have_v divers_a other_o as_o gravity_n and_o levity_n firmness_n and_o fluidity_n opacousnesse_n and_o transparency_n etc._n etc._n why_o shall_v the_o favourer_n of_o this_o opinion_n deny_v that_o in_o other_o body_n beside_o the_o element_n quality_n may_v be_v preserve_v and_o keep_v unite_v to_o the_o matter_n they_o belong_v to_o without_o the_o band_n or_o support_n of_o a_o substantial_a form_n and_o as_o when_o there_o be_v no_o competent_a destructive_a cause_n the_o accident_n of_o a_o body_n will_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n remain_v such_o as_o they_o be_v so_o if_o there_o be_v it_o can_v with_o reason_n be_v pretend_v that_o the_o substantial_a form_n be_v able_a to_o preserve_v all_o those_o accident_n of_o a_o body_n that_o be_v say_v to_o slow_a from_o it_o and_o to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v under_o its_o care_n and_o tuition_n for_o if_o for_o instance_n you_o expose_v a_o sphere_n or_o bullet_n of_o lead_n to_o a_o strong_a fire_n it_o 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oil_n that_o will_v not_o mix_v with_o it_o this_o sort_n of_o experiment_n i_o say_v i_o may_v here_o annex_v if_o i_o think_v fit_a in_o this_o place_n either_o to_o lay_v any_o stress_n upon_o those_o that_o i_o can_v myself_o make_v out_o or_o to_o transfer_v hither_o those_o experiment_n of_o change_n among_o body_n not_o metalline_a that_o belong_v to_o another_o chemist_n treatise_n but_o over_o and_o above_o what_o the_o past_a note_n and_o the_o experiment_n that_o be_v to_o follow_v they_o contain_v towards_o the_o make_n of_o what_o we_o teach_v concern_v form_n we_o will_v here_o for_o further_a confirmation_n proceed_v to_o add_v two_o sort_n of_o experiment_n beside_o the_o three_o already_o mention_v the_o one_o wherein_o it_o appear_v that_o body_n of_o very_a differ_a nature_n be_v put_v together_o like_o the_o wheel_n and_o other_o piece_n of_o a_o watch_n and_o by_o their_o connection_n acquire_v a_o new_a texture_n and_o so_o new_a quality_n may_v without_o have_v 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a_o nitrous_a spirit_n though_o not_o so_o strong_a and_o though_o by_o call_v the_o liquor_n that_o must_v make_v a_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la b_o whereas_o he_o have_v call_v that_o which_o be_v to_o make_v his_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o sal_fw-la mirabilis_fw-la a_o he_o seem_v plain_o to_o make_v they_o differ_v thing_n yet_o rely_v on_o the_o experiment_n i_o have_v make_v and_o put_v to_o a_o solution_n of_o nitre_n as_o much_o of_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n as_o i_o have_v take_v last_o though_o that_o be_v double_a the_o quantity_n he_o prescribe_v for_o the_o make_n of_o his_o sal_fw-la mirabilis_fw-la i_o obtain_v out_o of_o a_o low_a glass_n body_n and_o head_n place_v in_o sand_n a_o indifferent_a good_a spiritus_fw-la nitri_fw-la that_o even_o before_o rectification_n will_v ready_o enough_o dissolve_v silver_n though_o it_o be_v dilute_v with_o as_o much_o of_o the_o common_a water_n wherein_o salt-petre_a have_v be_v dissolve_v as_o amount_v at_o least_o to_o double_a 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then_o with_o a_o very_a gentle_a fire_n abstract_a the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n that_o will_v first_o ascend_v and_o when_o the_o drop_n begin_v to_o come_v over_o sowrish_n shift_v the_o receiver_n and_o continue_v the_o distillation_n with_o great_a care_n that_o the_o matter_n boil_v not_o over_o and_o when_o you_o judge_v that_o about_o half_a the_o acid_a liquor_n be_v come_v over_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o though_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o change_v the_o receiver_n once_o more_o but_o whether_o you_o do_v this_o or_o no_o your_o distillation_n must_v be_v continue_v increase_v the_o fire_n towards_o the_o latter_a end_n till_o you_o have_v bring_v over_o all_o you_o can_v and_o what_o remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cucurbite_n must_v be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n well_o stop_v to_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o air._n n_o b._n 1._o that_o to_o the_o production_n of_o most_o if_o not_o of_o all_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o so_o long_a a_o digestion_n not_o to_o say_v not_o any_o be_v premise_v though_o if_o the_o time_n above_o prescribe_v be_v allow_v the_o experiment_n will_v succeed_v the_o better_a 2._o that_o i_o remember_v i_o have_v sometime_o make_v use_n of_o oil_n of_o sulphur_n per_fw-la campanam_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o instead_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n to_o produce_v the_o recite_v phaenomena_n and_o though_o the_o attempt_n succeed_v not_o ill_o as_o to_o divers_a particular_n yet_o i_o afterward_o choose_v rather_o to_o employ_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n both_o because_o it_o do_v in_o some_o point_n better_o answer_v my_o expectation_n then_o the_o other_o liquor_n and_o because_o i_o will_v not_o give_v occasion_n to_o suspect_v that_o the_o odour_n hereafter_o to_o be_v mention_v as_o phaenomena_n of_o our_o experiment_n be_v due_a to_o the_o common_a sulphur_n whence_o the_o unctuous_a liquor_n make_v per_fw-la campanam_fw-la be_v obtain_v as_o such_o and_o do_v no_o way_n proceed_v from_o the_o acid_a vitriolate_a salt_n which_o that_o oil_n as_o it_o be_v improper_o call_v do_v abound_v with_o 3._o that_o i_o have_v likewise_o the_o curiosity_n to_o digest_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n with_o spanish_a wine_n instead_o of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n by_o which_o mean_v i_o obtain_v a_o odd_a spirit_n and_o residence_n and_o some_o other_o phaenomena_n which_o i_o content_v myself_o to_o have_v in_o this_o place_n give_v hint_n of_o in_o regard_n that_o wine_n be_v a_o liquor_n of_o a_o much_o less_o simple_a nature_n then_o its_o spirit_n the_o phaenomena_n afford_v i_o by_o this_o be_v much_o fit_a for_o my_o present_a purpose_n 4._o that_o great_a care_n must_v be_v have_v in_o regulate_v the_o fire_n when_o once_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o acid_n spirit_n mention_v in_o the_o process_n be_v come_v over_o for_o if_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o increase_v the_o rest_n will_v scarce_o ascend_v and_o if_o it_o be_v increase_v but_o a_o little_a too_o much_o the_o matter_n will_v be_v more_o apt_a than_o one_o will_v suspect_v to_o swell_v exceed_o in_o the_o cucurbite_n and_o perhaps_o run_v over_o into_o the_o receiver_n and_o spoil_v what_o it_o find_v there_o as_o it_o have_v more_o than_o once_o happen_v to_o i_o when_o i_o be_v fain_o to_o commit_v the_o management_n of_o the_o fire_n to_o other_o now_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v both_o of_o they_o distil_a liquor_n and_o the_o latter_a of_o they_o several_a time_n redistil_v and_o one_o of_o they_o be_v draw_v from_o so_o simple_a and_o familiar_a a_o substance_n as_o wine_n and_o the_o other_o from_o a_o concrete_a not_o more_o compound_v then_o what_o nature_n herself_o which_o as_o i_o elsewhere_o show_v can_v without_o the_o help_n of_o art_n produce_v vitriol_n do_v divers_a time_n present_v we_o with_o these_o liquor_n i_o say_v be_v both_o or_o they_o distil_v and_o consequent_o volatile_a one_o will_v expect_v that_o by_o distil_v they_o they_o shall_v be_v bring_v over_o unite_v as_o i_o have_v try_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o of_o nitre_n or_o also_o of_o common_a salt_n may_v be_v and_o as_o the_o spirit_n of_o differ_v vegetable_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v or_o that_o at_o least_o the_o distillation_n shall_v not_o much_o alter_v they_o from_o what_o it_o find_v they_o after_o they_o have_v be_v well_o mingle_v together_o but_o this_o notwithstanding_o these_o two_o liquor_n be_v of_o very_o odd_a texture_n in_o reference_n to_o each_o other_o their_o conjunction_n and_o distillation_n will_v make_v they_o exhibit_v divers_a considerable_a and_o perhaps_o surprise_v phaenomena_n for_o first_o whereas_o spirit_n of_o wine_n have_v no_o great_a send_v nor_o no_o good_a one_o and_o moderate_o deflegm_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v inodorous_a the_o spirit_n that_o first_o come_v over_o from_o our_o mixture_n have_v a_o send_v not_o only_o very_o differ_v from_o spirit_n of_o wine_n but_o from_o all_o thing_n else_o that_o i_o remember_v i_o ever_o smell_v and_o as_o this_o new_a odour_n do_v to_o almost_o all_o those_o who_o opinion_n i_o have_v ask_v about_o it_o seem_v very_o fragrant_a and_o pleasant_a so_o i_o have_v sometime_o have_v it_o so_o exceed_v subtle_a that_o in_o spite_n of_o the_o care_n that_o be_v take_v to_o lute_n the_o glass_n exact_o together_o it_o will_v perfume_v the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o the_o laboratory_n and_o will_v not_o afterward_o be_v keep_v in_o by_o a_o close_a cork_n cover_v with_o two_o or_o three_o several_a bladder_n but_o smell_v strong_o at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o viol_n wherein_o it_o be_v put_v i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o unlikely_a that_o so_o noble_a and_o pierce_a a_o liquor_n may_v be_v of_o no_o mean_a efficacy_n in_o physic_n and_o though_o i_o miss_v of_o receive_v a_o account_n of_o its_o effect_n from_o some_o ingenious_a physician_n into_o who_o hand_n i_o put_v it_o to_o have_v trial_n make_v of_o it_o yet_o i_o can_v despair_v of_o find_v it_o a_o considerable_a medicine_n when_o i_o remember_v partly_o what_o have_v be_v do_v by_o some_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o with_o bare_a phlegm_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o the_o account_n as_o be_v suppose_v of_o that_o little_a sulphur_n of_o vitriol_n that_o though_o but_o spare_o do_v enrich_v that_o liquor_n and_o partly_o what_o the_o master_n of_o chemical_a arcana_fw-la tell_v we_o of_o the_o wonderful_a virtue_n of_o the_o volatile_a sulphur_n of_o vitriol_n and_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o that_o may_v invite_v i_o to_o have_v a_o good_a opinion_n of_o remedy_n of_o that_o nature_n 2._o but_o to_o show_v how_o much_o the_o odour_n of_o body_n depend_v upon_o their_o texture_n i_o shall_v now_o add_v that_o after_o this_o volatile_a and_o odoriferous_a spirit_n be_v come_v over_o and_o have_v be_v follow_v by_o a_o acid_n spirit_n it_o will_v usual_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o distillation_n be_v succeed_v by_o a_o liquor_n that_o be_v not_o only_o not_o fragrant_a but_o stink_v so_o strong_o of_o brimstone_n that_o i_o have_v sometime_o know_v it_o almost_o take_v away_o the_o breath_n as_o they_o speak_v of_o those_o who_o when_o i_o have_v the_o receiver_n new_o take_v off_o in_o my_o hand_n do_v either_o because_o to_o make_v sport_n i_o give_v they_o no_o warning_n or_o because_o they_o will_v not_o take_v it_o as_o think_v what_o i_o tell_v they_o impossible_a too_o bold_o adventure_v their_o nose_n in_o the_o trial_n 3._o there_o be_v in_o this_o operation_n produce_v a_o liquor_n that_o will_v not_o mingle_v either_o with_o the_o fragrant_a or_o with_o the_o foetid_v spirit_n hitherto_o describe_v but_o be_v very_o differ_v from_o both_o of_o they_o and_o be_v so_o very_o pleasant_a subtle_a and_o aromatical_a that_o it_o be_v no_o less_o differ_v as_o well_o from_o spirit_n of_o wine_n as_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n but_o of_o this_o liquor_n i_o give_v a_o further_a 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