bigness_n of_o the_o work_n and_o the_o convenience_n he_o have_v to_o perform_v it_o in_o but_o in_o no_o case_n let_v he_o burn_v any_o oar_n with_o salt_n beside_o that_o it_o help_v to_o calcine_v the_o silver_n it_o give_v a_o strong_a force_n to_o those_o ill_a fume_n which_o be_v in_o the_o oar_n to_o penetrate_v into_o and_o spoil_v the_o silver_n one_o can_v well_o tell_v the_o set_a number_n of_o hour_n wherein_o one_o ought_v to_o let_v oar_n continue_v in_o the_o fire_n but_o the_o sure_a rule_n to_o know_v when_o the_o oar_n be_v well_o condition_v be_v by_o ensay_v some_o of_o the_o burn_a meal_n when_o if_o the_o quicksilver_n remain_v entire_a and_o clear_a and_o silver_n stick_v about_o it_o like_v drive_v snow_n than_o it_o be_v burn_v enough_o and_o the_o fire_n continue_v will_v certain_o produce_v this_o effect_n if_o the_o oar_n be_v mingle_v with_o due_a material_n and_o in_o a_o just_a quantity_n in_o order_n to_o which_o as_o also_o in_o the_o oar_n they_o call_v paco_n let_v they_o make_v lesser_a ensay_v to_o know_v what_o quantity_n of_o material_n be_v to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o furnace_n with_o every_o kintal_n of_o oar_n but_o because_o these_o ensay_v be_v seldom_o make_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v let_v the_o follow_a rule_n be_v observe_v when_o the_o oar_n in_o the_o furance_n leau_v smell_v ill_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o it_o have_v discharge_v itself_o of_o all_o the_o sulphur_n and_o antimony_n that_o be_v in_o it_o when_o that_o oar_n charge_v with_o betun_n and_o at_o the_o first_o come_v into_o the_o furnace_n throw_v out_o a_o thick_a and_o black_a smoke_n by_o degree_n send_v forth_o a_o thin_a and_o white_a fume_n it_o show_v that_o inconvenience_n to_o be_v cure_v when_o oar_n change_v colour_n lose_v the_o sparkle_a that_o it_o have_v and_o of_o negrillo_n become_v paco_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a sign_n that_o it_o be_v well_o dispose_v for_o the_o quicksilver_n although_o in_o this_o there_o be_v exceed_o great_a latitude_n that_o oar_n which_o contain_v copperas_n if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v put_v in_o the_o fire_n must_v first_o be_v cleanse_v by_o wash_v in_o meal_n as_o have_v be_v say_v otherwise_o when_o it_o come_v in_o the_o furnace_n it_o will_v become_v very_o red_a as_o may_v be_v see_v if_o one_o burn_v copperas_n alone_o in_o the_o fire_n when_o ensay_v a_o little_a of_o the_o meal_n burn_v the_o quicksilver_n begin_v to_o look_v like_o lead_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n the_o copper_n or_o iron_n which_o the_o metal_n contain_v together_o with_o the_o mixture_n of_o sulphur_n the_o antimony_n or_o margagita_n be_v turn_v into_o copperas_n and_o that_o the_o fast_o the_o long_o the_o fire_n continue_v take_v a_o pound_n of_o the_o meal_n out_o of_o the_o furnace_n whilst_o it_o be_v hot_a put_v it_o into_o a_o vessel_n and_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o three_o or_o four_o finger_n deep_a then_o stir_v it_o a_o while_n and_o let_v it_o settle_v then_o if_o the_o water_n turn_v white_a or_o stain_v one_o nail_n or_o change_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o tag_n of_o point_n put_v thereinto_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o silver_n calcine_v and_o dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n like_o salt_n save_v this_o water_n in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n and_o pour_v more_o upon_o the_o oar_n two_o or_o three_o time_n or_o as_o often_o as_o be_v necessary_a till_o it_o do_v not_o turn_v white_a and_o all_o the_o silver_n that_o be_v calcine_v will_v be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o oar_n let_v the_o water_n evaporate_v by_o a_o gentle_a fire_n and_o all_o the_o plate_n will_v settle_v in_o the_o bottom_n and_o become_v fit_a for_o use_v by_o melt_v if_o the_o water_n into_o which_o the_o hot_a oar_n be_v put_v give_v no_o sign_n of_o the_o silver_n be_v calcine_v dip_v polish_a iron_n into_o it_o and_o if_o it_o come_v out_o colour_v like_o copper_n there_o be_v much_o copperas_n in_o the_o metal_n wherefore_o wash_v the_o metal_n in_o the_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v teach_v until_o it_o be_v clear_v of_o the_o copperas_n and_o change_v not_o the_o colour_n of_o iron_n save_v the_o water_n of_o this_o operation_n for_o they_o be_v very_o useful_a in_o the_o refine_v oar_n that_o have_v need_n of_o it_o and_o if_o you_o shall_v take_v out_o and_o melt_v the_o sedement_n that_o be_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o that_o water_n fine_a copper_n will_v be_v produce_v thereby_o or_o silver_n if_o any_o such_o have_v be_v calcine_v ensay_n the_o oar_n so_o dispose_v in_o little_a by_o quicksilver_n as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o oar_n paco_n until_o by_o experience_n you_o have_v find_v out_o the_o way_n how_o to_o refine_v in_o great_a quantity_n so_o that_o you_o may_v get_v as_o much_o silver_n as_o you_o know_v that_o oar_n contain_v by_o ensay_v of_o melt_v in_o the_o fire_n let_v no_o body_n condemn_v these_o for_o tedious_a and_o unnecessary_a curiosity_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o profitable_a and_o important_a in_o these_o matter_n nor_o less_o common_o know_v and_o by_o the_o care_n &_o pain_n of_o a_o few_o day_n the_o refiner_n will_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o sort_n and_o quality_n of_o oar_n that_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n and_o know_v how_o to_o proceed_v with_o they_o without_o weary_v himself_o with_o make_v ensaye_n but_o for_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v the_o oar_n never_o come_v to_o be_v perfect_o refine_v until_o the_o silver_n little_a or_o much_o that_o it_o contain_v be_v purify_v and_o whitned_a in_o the_o meal_n and_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a to_o put_v it_o in_o that_o estate_n since_o the_o oar_n paco_n of_o lead_n may_v be_v reduce_v thereunto_o only_o by_o burn_v and_o the_o negrillo_n and_o other_o also_o that_o have_v sulphur_n in_o they_o which_o stain_v and_o black_n the_o silver_n although_o it_o must_v be_v a_o long_a time_n in_o the_o fire_n before_o it_o come_v to_o this_o and_o both_o one_o sort_n of_o oar_n &_o the_o other_o must_v have_v boiling_n and_o liquor_n often_o pass_v through_o they_o which_o do_v cleanse_v and_o whiten_v the_o silver_n such_o as_o millo_n alum_n salt_n and_o other_o the_o oar_n be_v in_o this_o condition_n need_v no_o other_o material_a but_o quicksilver_n which_o in_o less_o than_o four_o day_n time_n will_v gather_v together_o all_o the_o silver_n and_o be_v very_o little_o consume_v itself_o because_o the_o short_a time_n of_o operation_n the_o absence_n of_o ill_a quality_n and_o the_o seldom_o time_n repass_v it_o through_o the_o oar_n will_v not_o regrind_v or_o disperse_v it_o to_o powder_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a reason_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o quicksilver_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o quicksilver_n defer_v until_o another_o occasion_n which_o it_o may_v be_v in_o due_a time_n will_v offer_v itself_o to_o treat_v purposely_o of_o quicksilver_n and_o some_o excrement_n thereof_o of_o no_o less_o profit_n than_o curiosity_n for_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v only_o say_v with_o that_o phoenix_n of_o science_n in_o his_o intellective_a art_n which_o all_o do_v follow_v who_o treat_v of_o the_o hide_a philosophy_n of_o metal_n that_o nature_n have_v make_v this_o body_n of_o so_o uniform_a a_o substance_n and_o of_o part_n so_o perfect_o unite_v that_o even_o the_o fire_n his_o great_a enemy_n as_o the_o vulgar_a think_v be_v not_o powerful_a enough_o by_o divide_v to_o corrupt_v and_o destory_n it_o as_o it_o visible_o do_v all_o other_o metal_n and_o body_n in_o the_o world_n except_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o quicksilver_n retain_v its_o whole_a entire_a substance_n in_o the_o fire_n if_o it_o be_v prepare_v on_o purpose_n for_o it_o which_o many_o person_n know_v how_o to_o do_v or_o else_o all_o of_o it_o will_v fly_v quite_o away_o in_o the_o form_n of_o smoke_n and_o meet_v with_o any_o body_n that_o refresh_v it_o it_o will_v condense_a therein_o in_o its_o own_o proper_a form_n without_o be_v diminish_v one_o hair_n either_o in_o weight_n or_o quantity_n neither_o also_o do_v the_o ill_a quality_n that_o be_v ordinary_o find_v in_o oar_n corrupt_a quicksilver_n in_o vein_n wherein_o it_o be_v beget_v nor_o in_o the_o chest_n wherein_o they_o refine_v for_o although_o copperas_n do_v dissolve_v it_o in_o that_o manner_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v consume_v and_o be_v sublimate_v in_o copperas_n and_o common_a salt_n it_o be_v transform_v and_o turn_v into_o that_o which_o we_o call_v mercury_n that_o one_o will_v think_v it_o be_v total_o destroy_v and_o turn_v into_o another_o species_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o but_o all_o those_o accident_n have_v their_o remedy_n and_o it_o be_v neither_o impossible_a nor_o very_o difficult_a
it_o but_o ammoniac_a which_o in_o greek_a signify_v salt_n of_o the_o sand_n and_o underneath_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n shore_n i_o suppose_v it_o be_v find_v congeal_v in_o little_a piece_n by_o its_o internal_a heat_n and_o the_o continual_a burn_a of_o the_o sun_n bake_v so_o much_o that_o it_o be_v make_v the_o bitter_a to_o taste_v of_o all_o kind_n of_o salt_n goldsmith_n use_v it_o more_o than_o the_o physician_n it_o be_v one_o of_o those_o they_o call_v the_o four_o spirit_n because_o the_o fire_n will_v convert_v they_o into_o smoke_n and_o so_o they_o fly_v away_o the_o other_o three_o be_v 1._o quicksilver_n 2._o sulphur_n 3._o saltpetre_n it_o have_v a_o particular_a property_n to_o cleanse_v and_o colour_n gold_n and_o be_v put_v into_o the_o composition_n of_o that_o aquafortis_n that_o dissolve_v it_o at_o this_o day_n we_o have_v little_a knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a nitre_n which_o be_v ancient_o make_v of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n although_o albertus_n magnus_n say_v that_o in_o goselaria_n there_o be_v a_o mountain_n that_o contain_v a_o very_a rich_a mine_n of_o copper_n and_o the_o water_n that_o issue_v out_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o be_v dry_v become_v nitre_n we_o know_v little_a also_o of_o aphonitro_n which_o be_v but_o as_o it_o be_v the_o froth_n of_o nitre_n borax_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n chrysolica_n and_o atincar_n be_v a_o artificial_a sort_n of_o nitre_n make_v of_o urine_n stir_v togethet_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o copper_n pan_n with_o a_o ladle_n of_o the_o same_o until_o it_o thicken_v and_o coagulate_v although_o other_o make_v it_o of_o salt-ammoniac_a and_o alum_n nitre_n be_v bitter_a than_o salt_n but_o less_o salt_n saltpetre_n be_v the_o mean_a between_o they_o two_o and_o consist_v of_o very_o dry_a and_o subtle_a part_n it_o grow_v in_o the_o wall_n of_o old_a house_n and_o in_o stable_n cow_n house_n hog-sty_n and_o dove-coat_n it_o will_v grow_v again_o in_o the_o same_o earth_n it_o be_v take_v out_o of_o if_o that_o earth_n be_v throw_v in_o heap_n and_o spare_v and_o take_v care_n of_o or_o if_o ordinary_a earth_n be_v cast_v up_o into_o heap_n and_o water_v with_o brackish_a water_n after_o some_o year_n it_o will_v give_v a_o great_a increase_n as_o profitable_a as_o crop_n of_o grain_n the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o make_v of_o gunpowder_n and_o aquafortis_n be_v very_o well_o know_v it_o be_v use_v also_o in_o the_o melt_a of_o metal_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o chap._n 9_o of_o juice_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v betune_n the_o betune_n be_v one_o of_o the_o thing_n that_o do_v most_o damage_n of_o all_o unto_o metal_n especial_o in_o the_o melt_a of_o they_o because_o it_o burn_v they_o and_o make_v they_o become_v dross_n if_o they_o be_v not_o clear_v of_o the_o betune_n before_o they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o fierce_a fire_n there_o be_v twelve_o sort_n of_o betune_n viz._n asphalto_n pissasphalto_n naptal_a la_fw-fr piedra_n gagete_n azabache_n ampelites_n maltha_n piedra_n thracia_n carbones_fw-la de_fw-fr mina_n ambar_n de_fw-fr cuentas_fw-la ambar_n olorosa_n alcanfor_n but_o few_o of_o these_o sort_n be_v find_v mix_v with_o metal_n all_o betune_n be_v the_o oiliness_n or_o fat_a of_o the_o earth_n and_o although_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o alcanphor_n be_v the_o weep_a or_o gum_n of_o the_o tree_n capar_n in_o the_o island_n of_o zebat_fw-la and_o the_o amber_n of_o another_o herb_n call_v polco_n in_o spanish_a whereunto_o it_o be_v common_o find_v stick_v and_o to_o the_o smell_a amber_n they_o ascribe_v for_o its_o original_n a_o great_a fish_n in_o the_o sea_n like_o a_o whale_n because_o there_o be_v great_a resemblance_n between_o it_o and_o sperma_fw-la ceti_fw-la nevertheless_o that_o do_v not_o hinder_v that_o such_o substance_n also_o may_v like_v sweat_n as_o it_o be_v issue_n forth_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v these_o juice_n call_v betune_n asphalto_n be_v find_v in_o the_o lake_n of_o sodom_n or_o the_o dead_a sea_n in_o judea_n whereinto_o run_v the_o river_n jordan_n three_o league_n from_o the_o city_n of_o jericho_n it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o oily_a froth_n that_o swim_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n of_o that_o lake_n agitate_a and_o drive_v by_o the_o wind_n and_o wave_n ashore_o and_o there_o condense_n and_o harden_v it_o be_v like_a unto_o pitch_n but_o hard_a and_o of_o a_o better_a colour_n before_o god_n overthrow_v those_o wicked_a city_n of_o sodom_n gomorrha_n admah_n and_o seboim_n that_o fertile_a valley_n have_v little_a of_o this_o betune_n in_o it_o as_o may_v be_v collect_v from_o gen._n chap._n 14._o these_o be_v find_v also_o in_o many_o other_o place_n and_o province_n some_o whereof_o use_v they_o to_o make_v candle_n with_o instead_o of_o oil_n and_o although_o in_o peru_n they_o have_v not_o be_v curious_a in_o further_a search_n than_o how_o best_a to_o work_v their_o oar_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n yet_o by_o the_o plenty_n of_o they_o that_o the_o indian_n bring_v it_o be_v know_v that_o there_o be_v of_o they_o in_o the_o cordillera_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr chiriguane_n in_o the_o frontier_n of_o lomnia_fw-mi although_o they_o have_v little_a access_n to_o they_o because_o they_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o indian_n that_o maintain_v war_n against_o the_o spaniard_n the_o pissasphalto_n be_v a_o natural_a composition_n of_o asphalto_n and_o paz_n and_o so_o the_o colour_n of_o it_o declare_v and_o for_o want_v of_o the_o true_a natural_a pissasphalto_n they_o counterfeit_v it_o of_o those_o two_o material_n la_fw-fr napthe_n be_v a_o sulphurous_a liquor_n sometime_o white_a and_o sometime_o black_a also_o and_o be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v oil_n of_o peter_n of_o admirable_a virtue_n to_o cure_v old_a pain_n proceed_v from_o cold_a cause_n it_o will_v draw_v fire_n to_o it_o as_o the_o loadstone_n do_v iron_n with_o that_o force_n that_o it_o will_v take_v fire_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o flame_n as_o have_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o miserable_a experience_n of_o the_o conde_n de_fw-fr hercules_n de_fw-fr icontrarii_n of_o the_o country_n of_o ferara_n who_o have_v a_o well_o in_o his_o ground_n the_o water_n whereof_o be_v mix_v with_o petreol_n and_o by_o some_o breach_n or_o crack_n in_o the_o well_o much_o of_o this_o water_n run_v to_o waste_v command_v it_o to_o be_v repair_v the_o laborer_n that_o be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o well_o desire_v a_o candle_n the_o better_a to_o see_v his_o work_n which_o be_v furnish_v he_o in_o a_o lantern_n and_o immediate_o through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o lantern_n the_o napthe_n suck_v the_o flame_n into_o itself_o and_o set_v fire_n on_o the_o whole_a well_o which_o discharge_v itself_o instant_o like_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o blow_v the_o poor_a man_n into_o piece_n and_o take_v off_o a_o arm_n of_o a_o tree_n that_o hang_v over_o the_o well_o the_o conde_n himself_o tell_v the_o story_n to_o matiolo_n who_o report_v it_o in_o his_o dioscorides_n asphalto_n and_o pissasphalto_n melt_v in_o the_o fire_n as_o pitch_n or_o wax_n and_o by_o that_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o piedra_n gagate_n or_o ascabache_n and_o also_o from_o pit-coal_n which_o burn_v and_o consume_v itself_o away_o like_o tea_n or_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o wood_n as_o yet_o i_o have_v not_o hear_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o betune_n in_o these_o province_n although_o i_o persuade_v myself_o there_o be_v if_o they_o be_v seek_v for_o chap._n 10._o of_o sulphur_n and_o antimony_n sulphur_n be_v a_o mineral_n the_o most_o universal_o know_v of_o any_o it_o be_v make_v of_o a_o earthy_a unctuous_a substance_n and_o very_o hot_a to_o that_o degree_n that_o it_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v near_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n of_o any_o compound_a substance_n the_o chemist_n call_v it_o the_o masculine_a seed_n and_o nature_n first_o agent_n in_o all_o generation_n and_o they_o say_v that_o the_o difference_n between_o one_o thing_n and_o another_o arise_v from_o the_o divers_a preparation_n and_o mixture_n of_o sulphur_n and_o quicksilver_n it_o have_v happen_v to_o a_o apothecary_n that_o go_v about_o to_o make_v a_o salve_n compound_v of_o those_o two_o material_n he_o have_v find_v the_o result_n to_o be_v a_o plate_n of_o fine_a silver_n after_o many_o consideration_n of_o this_o substance_n thophrastus_fw-la paracelsus_n proceed_v to_o contemplate_v the_o wonder_n produce_v by_o sulphur_n and_o say_v that_o god_n by_o a_o especial_a providence_n have_v conceal_v those_o mystery_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o evident_a confutation_n of_o those_o who_o oppose_v the_o transmutation_n of_o metal_n for_o this_o mineral_n do_v effect_v it_o and_o he_o teach_v
to_o sell_v it_o be_v very_o ordinary_a to_o find_v pearl_n in_o the_o dress_n or_o eat_v of_o the_o oyster_n i_o have_v little_a knowledge_n of_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o low_a country_n in_o these_o kind_n because_o they_o have_v little_a or_o no_o commerce_n here_o beside_o my_o chief_a intention_n be_v to_o give_v your_o lordship_n information_n of_o the_o mine_n of_o the_o province_n subject_a to_o your_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o that_o i_o have_v see_v in_o person_n nevertheless_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o conquest_n of_o these_o country_n there_o be_v find_v many_o and_o very_o large_a emerald_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o native_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o history_n thereof_o chap._n 16._o of_o other_o sort_n of_o stone_n it_o do_v very_o little_a import_n the_o owner_n of_o mine_n for_o who_o sake_n principal_o by_o your_o lordship_n command_n i_o have_v write_v this_o treatise_n to_o discourse_v more_o particular_o of_o other_o stone_n although_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o stone_n because_o they_o be_v so_o be_v little_o inquire_v into_o or_o understand_v and_o when_o in_o mine_n they_o meet_v with_o some_o stone_n of_o rare_a colour_n and_o transparency_n their_o beauty_n will_v invite_v the_o miner_n esteem_v if_o the_o covetousness_n after_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o they_o seek_v for_o do_v not_o blind_a their_o eye_n and_o understanding_n so_o that_o they_o can_v attend_v to_o look_v after_o they_o but_o because_o i_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o all_o mineral_n together_o and_o that_o marble_n be_v of_o next_o estimation_n unto_o precious_a stone_n it_o be_v but_o justice_n to_o treat_v a_o little_a of_o those_o marble_n we_o find_v in_o these_o province_n which_o i_o believe_v equal_a to_o any_o that_o we_o read_v of_o in_o story_n the_o province_n of_o atacama_n above_o all_o other_o best_o deserve_v to_o be_v curious_o inquire_v into_o by_o able_a and_o experience_a artist_n for_o it_o produce_v stone_n of_o such_o various_a colour_n and_o beautiful_a gloss_n and_o lustre_n that_o only_o the_o great_a quantity_n and_o abundance_n of_o they_o hinder_v they_o from_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o precious_a stone_n this_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v full_a of_o curious_a altar_n make_v of_o these_o stone_n and_o very_o many_o of_o they_o have_v be_v carry_v into_o europe_n and_o they_o have_v not_o be_v wrought_v for_o any_o other_o purpose_n yet_o either_o for_o want_v of_o stone-cutter_n to_o work_v they_o or_o because_o most_o of_o we_o in_o these_o part_n have_v in_o our_o eye_n to_o return_v home_o again_o into_o spain_n with_o great_a estate_n and_o care_v not_o for_o perpetuate_n our_o fame_n in_o these_o part_n by_o sumptuous_a building_n for_o which_o these_o sort_n of_o stone_n be_v very_o fit_a material_n there_o be_v a_o stone_n in_o this_o imperiality_n worthy_a for_o its_o variety_n lustre_n and_o greatness_n to_o be_v present_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n it_o be_v six_o palm_n in_o length_n and_o one_o palm_n six_o inch_n less_o in_o breadth_n and_o two_o finger_n thick_a it_o be_v in_o form_n like_o a_o planck_n or_o large_a table_n it_o be_v full_a of_o delicate_a cloud_n make_v by_o the_o composition_n of_o its_o colour_n there_o be_v some_o red_a and_o shine_v transparent_o other_o more_z obscure_a as_o black_a yellow_a green_a and_o white_a upon_o the_o black_a spot_n in_o all_o the_o stone_n be_v resemble_v snow_n as_o it_o be_v fall_v upon_o it_o or_o milk_n according_a as_o the_o white_a happen_v to_o be_v mix_v with_o shadow_n in_o the_o mine_n of_o verenguela_fw-mi de_fw-fr pacague_n there_o be_v other_o stone_n not_o inferior_a in_o the_o nobleness_n of_o their_o substance_n and_o lustre_n to_o those_o of_o atacama_n although_o they_o have_v not_o that_o variety_n of_o colour_n they_o be_v white_a as_o alabaster_n and_o transparent_a and_o because_o that_o colour_n be_v not_o equal_o distribute_v it_o cause_v as_o it_o be_v cloud_n which_o give_v much_o gracefulness_n and_o beauty_n to_o the_o stone_n no_o liquor_n will_v sink_v into_o they_o they_o be_v so_o hard_a like_a unto_o natural_a crystal_n the_o font_n in_o the_o church_n of_o julloma_n be_v a_o very_a large_a one_o and_o yet_o be_v make_v of_o one_o of_o these_o stone_n and_o though_o it_o be_v six_o finger_n in_o thickness_n yet_o you_o may_v see_v plain_o through_o the_o side_n of_o it_o the_o light_n of_o a_o candle_n stick_v up_o in_o the_o middle_n in_o the_o jesuit_n college_n at_o the_o city_n of_o paz_n there_o be_v a_o famous_a waterpot_n of_o this_o stone_n through_o who_o side_n you_o may_v see_v the_o water_n rise_v as_o it_o be_v pour_v in_o just_a as_o if_o it_o be_v through_o transparent_a glass_n chap._n 17._o of_o some_o accident_n happen_v to_o stone_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o they_o beside_o shine_v and_o transparency_n which_o as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v find_v in_o divers_a stone_n and_o in_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o stone_n be_v not_o find_v there_o be_v also_o other_o accident_n that_o accompany_v they_o viz._n hardness_n and_o softness_n hardness_n be_v so_o essential_a to_o all_o precious_a stone_n that_o they_o be_v not_o hold_v for_o such_o upon_o who_o the_o file_n will_v make_v any_o impression_n if_o the_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o stone_n be_v compound_v be_v tough_a and_o dry_v by_o a_o violent_a fire_n till_o the_o moisture_n be_v consume_v it_o cause_v hardness_n because_o it_o contract_v and_o condense_n the_o matter_n within_o itself_o if_o the_o matter_n have_v little_a or_o no_o toughness_n than_o the_o moisture_n be_v easy_o dry_v away_o by_o heat_n and_o the_o earthy_a part_n burn_v there_o will_v remain_v a_o stone_n soft_a and_o brittle_a also_o the_o ambient_fw-la cold_a will_n condense_a matter_n and_o make_v it_o hard_o as_o we_o see_v in_o stone_n congeal_v thereby_o the_o which_o will_v dissolve_v again_o by_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o congeal_a humour_n relax_v and_o run_v stone_n that_o want_v moisture_n enough_o to_o glue_v their_o terrestrial_a part_n together_o when_o they_o be_v put_v into_o the_o fire_n they_o break_v into_o small_a piece_n and_o those_o which_o be_v dry_a of_o all_o do_v resolve_v into_o dust_n or_o lime_n by_o the_o fire_n some_o stone_n be_v porous_a other_o massy_a and_o well_o put_v together_o the_o first_o arise_v from_o the_o unequal_a and_o ill_a mixture_n of_o the_o wet_a and_o dry_a part_n whereof_o it_o be_v compound_v so_o that_o the_o heat_n exhale_v the_o moisture_n where_o no_o earthy_a substance_n be_v mingle_v with_o it_o leave_v a_o hollow_a place_n or_o pore_n which_o make_v spungy_a stone_n as_o for_o the_o opposite_a reason_n we_o see_v the_o contrary_a effect_n in_o massy_a stone_n stone_n be_v find_v of_o various_a figure_n and_o cause_v as_o much_o admiration_n as_o most_o thing_n in_o nature_n perchance_o it_o may_v come_v from_o the_o various_a mixture_n colour_n and_o vein_n of_o stone_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o their_o cloud_n and_o spot_n represent_v tower_n sheep_n and_o other_o animal_n and_o figure_n and_o in_o lead_n pour_v out_o upon_o water_n often_o happen_v the_o like_a the_o story_n be_v famous_a of_o the_o agate_n of_o king_n pyrrhus_n that_o represent_v apollo_n and_o the_o nine_o muse_n as_o lively_a as_o the_o best_a painter_n can_v draw_v they_o and_o cardanus_n say_v he_o have_v one_o of_o that_o kind_n that_o be_v a_o true_a and_o exact_a picture_n of_o the_o emperor_n galba_n they_o say_v that_o in_o the_o house_n of_o wisdom_n at_o constantinople_n there_o be_v a_o marble_n stone_n that_o by_o the_o very_a natural_a vein_n of_o the_o stone_n have_v the_o picture_n of_o st._n john_n the_o baptist_n with_o his_o clothing_n of_o camel_n skin_n express_v to_o the_o life_n except_v one_o of_o his_o foot_n which_o be_v imperfect_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o nature_n have_v not_o wrought_v by_o chance_n but_o by_o particular_a study_n and_o to_o some_o mysterious_a end_n when_o in_o the_o same_o species_n of_o stone_n be_v find_v the_o same_o mark_n and_o figure_n like_o those_o in_o the_o field_n of_o verona_n which_o leon_n baptista_n report_v to_o have_v see_v and_o that_o they_o have_v paint_v upon_o they_o the_o image_n of_o the_o chair_n of_o solomon_n and_o another_o black_a stone_n which_o be_v break_v at_o one_o end_n have_v paint_v in_o it_o exact_o and_o to_o the_o life_n the_o picture_n of_o a_o serpent_n and_o that_o it_o have_v the_o virtue_n to_o draw_v serpent_n unto_o it_o albertus_n magnus_n affirm_v to_o have_v see_v 500_o serpent_n get_v upon_o a_o stone_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o be_v present_v unto_o he_o when_o we_o meet_v with_o stone_n that_o represent_v animal_n or_o the_o limb_n of_o they_o or_o plant_n or_o other_o thing_n not_o by_o superficial_a
that_o mean_n collect_v the_o silver_n either_o burn_v or_o boil_a as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o chap._n v._o how_o to_o know_v the_o ill_a quality_n that_o infect_v the_o oar_n and_o how_o to_o purge_v they_o away_o of_o various_a and_o very_a different_a quality_n be_v the_o substance_n that_o nature_n have_v produce_v in_o the_o vein_n that_o contain_v the_o oar_n of_o metal_n whether_o they_o be_v abortion_n which_o the_o covetousness_n of_o mankind_n occasion_n by_o tear_v the_o oar_n out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n before_o its_o full_a time_n which_o otherwise_o will_v come_v to_o be_v metal_n in_o perfection_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v excrementious_a superfluity_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o metal_n they_o be_v usual_o call_v semi-mineral_n and_o be_v salt_n alum_n copperas_n sulphur_n orpiment_n sandaraca_n antimony_n or_o alcohol_n brimstone_n both_o white_a and_o black_a and_o margagita_n scarce_o any_o oar_n be_v get_v that_o do_v not_o participate_v of_o one_o or_o more_o of_o these_o ill_a companion_n all_o of_o then_o be_v hindrance_n to_o the_o extract_a silver_n out_o of_o the_o oar_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o fire_n or_o quicksilver_n those_o that_o partake_v of_o copperas_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v those_o they_o call_v copaquiras_n be_v mortal_a enemy_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o they_o consume_v and_o scatter_v and_o that_o ill_a condition_n be_v heighten_v if_o salt_n be_v mingle_v with_o it_o which_o make_v it_o penetrate_v more_o violent_o and_o sudden_o the_o learned_a raimundus_n know_v this_o antipathy_n very_o well_o and_o have_v leave_v it_o discover_v to_o we_o in_o write_v and_o those_o that_o deal_v in_o metal_n daily_o have_v it_o in_o their_o hand_n and_o yet_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o it_o this_o be_v that_o which_o eat_v up_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o dissipate_v the_o caxome_n of_o metal_n and_o have_v occasion_v so_o great_a a_o expense_n of_o metal_n namely_o iron_n lead_v tinn_n and_o lime_n whosoever_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v experiment_n hereof_o let_v he_o mix_v a_o little_a quicksilver_n with_o copperas_n well_o ground_n and_o water_n and_o he_o shall_v see_v in_o a_o instant_n all_o the_o quicksilver_n dissolve_v and_o lose_v especial_o if_o he_o put_v a_o little_a salt_n to_o the_o former_a composition_n this_o will_v be_v no_o wonder_n to_o those_o that_o know_v mercury_n to_o be_v quicksilver_n and_o that_o the_o great_a change_n in_o its_o substance_n be_v cause_v by_o copperas_n and_o salt_n wherewith_o it_o be_v mingle_v and_o then_o sublimate_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n this_o be_v the_o great_a poison_n to_o the_o refination_n by_o quicksilver_n although_o sometime_o it_o be_v useful_a and_o serve_v like_o treacle_n to_o those_o sort_n of_o oar_n which_o have_v use_v of_o it_o as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o its_o place_n hereafter_o this_o inconvenience_n be_v find_v out_o and_o remedy_v with_o very_a much_o ease_n grind_v a_o little_a oar_n and_o put_v some_o fair_a water_n to_o it_o heat_n it_o the_o more_o the_o better_o stir_v it_o well_o and_o then_o let_v it_o stand_v a_o while_n then_o pour_v out_o the_o clear_a water_n into_o another_o vessel_n leave_v the_o sedement_n behind_o undisturbed_a prove_v it_o by_o the_o taste_n and_o you_o shall_v well_o judge_v what_o mixture_n it_o have_v by_o its_o dry_a or_o sour_a taste_n and_o whosoever_o desire_v a_o ocular_a demonstration_n of_o this_o let_v he_o set_v the_o aforesaid_a water_n upon_o a_o gentle_a fire_n simper_a until_o the_o moisture_n be_v consume_v and_o he_o shall_v see_v with_o his_o eye_n in_o that_o which_o remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n either_o alum_n or_o copperas_n bath_n the_o oar_n in_o the_o manner_n abovesaid_a so_o often_o as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a until_o the_o water_n that_o come_v from_o it_o be_v sweet_a and_o without_o taste_n or_o that_o stir_v it_o with_o a_o bright_a piece_n of_o iron_n it_o do_v not_o stain_v it_o with_o the_o colour_n of_o copper_n and_o then_o that_o oar_n be_v perfect_o cleanse_v and_o secure_a not_o to_o hurt_v the_o quicksilver_n when_o it_o be_v put_v unto_o it_o although_o sulphur_n betun_n and_o antimony_n do_v oftentimes_o discover_v themselves_o unto_o the_o sight_n yet_o a_o better_a way_n of_o find_v they_o out_o be_v by_o the_o smell_n which_o come_v from_o the_o oar_n when_o it_o be_v well_o burn_v in_o the_o fire_n but_o for_o full_a satisfaction_n herein_o they_o may_v be_v discover_v and_o clear_v from_o the_o oar_n in_o the_o manner_n follow_v grind_v the_o oar_n somewhat_o gross_a and_o put_v it_o in_o a_o earthen_a pipkin_n that_o be_v not_o glaze_v that_o have_v a_o great_a many_o small_a hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o and_o stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o it_o close_o then_o fit_a a_o vessel_n of_o water_n round_o about_o it_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v when_o they_o clear_v the_o pine_n apple_n from_o quicksilver_n and_o put_v fire_n under_o the_o same_o basin_n of_o water_n wherein_o all_o the_o smoke_n that_o go_v out_o of_o those_o little_a hole_n will_v settle_v and_o there_o you_o shall_v see_v congeal_v and_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n the_o sulphur_n antimony_n or_o betun_n each_o in_o his_o proper_a form_n when_o the_o oar_n will_v smoke_v no_o long_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a sign_n that_o it_o be_v clear_a of_o those_o impediment_n which_o although_o they_o be_v not_o direct_a enemy_n to_o quicksilver_n in_o raw_a oar_n yet_o the_o varnish_n which_o they_o give_v to_o the_o silver_n hinder_v the_o quicksilver_n from_o lay_v hold_n of_o it_o and_o unite_n it_o together_o and_o by_o the_o brittleness_n and_o asperity_n like_o glass_n which_o those_o oar_n have_v that_o participate_v of_o the_o impediment_n aforesaid_a they_o cut_v and_o divide_v the_o quicksilver_n when_o they_o be_v stir_v together_o into_o small_a white_a pin_n head_n as_o it_o be_v which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v lis._n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o burn_v this_o sort_n of_o oar_n although_o it_o be_v good_a to_o melt_v they_o first_o before_o they_o put_v they_o into_o the_o fierce_a fire_n because_o without_o that_o preparation_n the_o silver_n will_v all_o be_v turn_v into_o dross_n the_o margagita_n that_o be_v in_o oar_n discover_v itself_o but_o too_o plain_o to_o the_o eye_n by_o its_o weight_n and_o sharp_a glassy_a quality_n it_o divide_v the_o quicksilver_n into_o small_a lis_n when_o they_o stir_v they_o together_o those_o ill_a quality_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o fire_n if_o you_o burn_v it_o therein_o until_o its_o gloss_n and_o shine_a be_v go_v it_o do_v most_o hurt_v unto_o that_o oar_n which_o they_o melt_v the_o abundance_n of_o sulphur_n whereof_o it_o be_v compound_v make_v a_o great_a scum_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o liquor_n which_o much_o stifle_v the_o fundition_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o grind_n of_o the_o oar_n of_o metal_n the_o grind_n of_o oar_n be_v a_o preparation_n absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o get_n out_o of_o it_o the_o silver_n or_o gold_n that_o it_o contain_v by_o quicksilver_n and_o the_o fineness_n of_o the_o meal_n be_v a_o principal_a mean_n of_o shorten_v the_o work_n and_o clear_a extraction_n of_o the_o plate_n one_o fault_n among_o many_o which_o the_o blockishness_n of_o this_o country_n have_v commit_v have_v be_v to_o make_v the_o meal_n very_o gross_a or_o to_o leave_v many_o lump_n therein_o there_o need_v no_o great_a pain_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o quicksilver_n attract_v or_o incorporate_v with_o itself_o that_o silver_n which_o it_o immediate_o touch_v so_o that_o the_o metal_n which_o be_v in_o middle_n of_o any_o lump_n remain_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n it_o come_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n and_o have_v more_o or_o less_o loss_n in_o it_o according_a to_o the_o richness_n of_o the_o original_a oar_n and_o according_a to_o the_o richness_n or_o coursness_n of_o the_o meal_n i_o have_v make_v divers_a trial_n of_o grind_v those_o lump_n over_o again_o and_o find_v that_o in_o they_o remain_v when_o least_o the_o six_o part_n of_o what_o be_v in_o the_o oar_n when_o it_o be_v first_o take_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a in_o a_o whole_a year_n work_v and_o incredible_a in_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o metal_n that_o have_v be_v already_o get_v agricola_n after_o have_v teach_v the_o way_n of_o grind_v &_o sift_v of_o metal_n which_o they_o now_o practice_v in_o the_o mill_n teach_v a_o way_n how_o to_o reduce_v it_o to_o extraordinary_a fine_a flower_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o horse_n mill_n with_o stone_n like_o mill_n stone_n he_o think_v this_o pain_n to_o be_v necessary_a although_o to_o a_o end_n different_a from_o that_o refine_n which_o we_o now_o practice_v wherein_o it_o be_v clear_o and_o indispenseable_o necessary_a
one_o of_o the_o plate_n and_o proceed_v in_o that_o order_n as_o far_o as_o you_o think_v fit_a stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o it_o well_o that_o it_o give_v no_o vent_n and_o after_o it_o be_v dry_a put_v it_o between_o red_a hot_a coal_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o encompass_v it_o round_o about_o but_o do_v not_o touch_v it_o after_o the_o crusiple_n be_v sufficient_o hot_a put_v the_o fire_n near_o to_o it_o and_o at_o last_o make_v the_o fire_n fierce_a but_o not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o melt_v the_o plate_n then_o take_v it_o out_o and_o the_o plate_n will_v look_v black_a and_o be_v brittle_a grind_v they_o very_o fine_a and_o put_v the_o four_o part_n of_o their_o weight_n of_o beat_a sulphur_n together_o with_o they_o into_o a_o piece_n of_o break_a pot_n or_o earthen_a basin_n upon_o embers_o heat_v they_o so_o as_o you_o heat_v a_o ensay_n of_o the_o black_a oar_n stir_v they_o continual_o until_o the_o sulphur_n have_v leave_v smoke_v and_o the_o often_o you_o repeat_v this_o the_o better_a last_o of_o all_o be_v well_o beat_v and_o hot_a or_o else_o the_o water_n hot_a and_o after_o a_o little_a time_n boil_v the_o water_n and_o if_o it_o colour_n bright_a iron_n of_o a_o copper_n colour_n that_o the_o water_n evaporate_v by_o a_o gentle_a fire_n until_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o cream_n then_o take_v it_o off_o and_o set_v it_o a_o cool_a and_o it_o will_v congeal_v into_o most_o beautiful_a transparent_a copperas_n green_a if_o the_o plate_n be_v of_o iron_n or_o blow_v if_o the_o plate_n be_v of_o copper_n dissolve_v this_o copperas_n or_o stone_n lipis_fw-la in_o water_n and_o put_v steel_n or_o iron_n to_o it_o and_o it_o turn_v into_o most_o pure_a copper_n smooth_a and_o soft_a as_o gold_n after_o it_o be_v new_o melt_v if_o one_o melt_v lead_n or_o tin_n and_o pour_v it_o in_o small_a drop_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o that_o water_n the_o whole_a superficies_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o copper_n and_o the_o often_o it_o be_v repeat_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o lead_n will_v be_v transform_v until_o no_o lead_n remain_v tin_n be_v very_o easy_o turn_v into_o brass_n i_o be_v the_o first_o which_o in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o lipis_fw-la find_v out_o and_o publish_v these_o secret_n also_o silver_n be_v turn_v into_o copper_n if_o it_o be_v make_v very_o fine_a and_o with_o much_o salt_n a_o experiment_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o high_o esteem_v by_o the_o refiner_n as_o the_o turn_a copper_n into_o silver_n aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la be_v a_o common_a thing_n if_o it_o be_v not_o its_o virtue_n will_v be_v hold_v miraculous_a it_o turn_v silver_n into_o water_n and_o calcines_fw-la it_o into_o dust_n it_o be_v make_v of_o copperas_n or_o alum_n and_o saltpetre_n the_o spirit_n that_o fly_v from_o any_o of_o these_o substance_n when_o oar_n that_o contain_v they_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o furnace_n work_v the_o same_o effect_n with_o beat_a brick_n and_o salt_n especial_o of_o the_o rock_n be_v make_v a_o cement_n wherewith_o they_o separate_v silver_n from_o gold_n these_o two_o attract_v the_o silver_n to_o themselves_o and_o with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n only_o calcine_v it_o in_o the_o burn_a of_o oar_n they_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n the_o silver_n be_v calcine_v in_o either_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a manner_n if_o it_o be_v put_v into_o water_n dissolve_v in_o it_o like_o salt_n and_o the_o water_n look_v white_a as_o milk_n and_o will_v spot_v one_o hand_n or_o nail_n if_o you_o touch_v it_o notable_a sign_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la in_o silver_n whereunto_o refiner_n ought_v to_o have_v great_a regard_n that_o it_o destroy_v not_o their_o silver_n these_o inconvenience_n there_o be_v in_o the_o burn_a of_o metal_n beside_o another_o which_o anon_o shall_v be_v discover_v and_o though_o the_o proper_a way_n of_o avoid_v they_o be_v cast_v or_o melt_v the_o oar_n which_o render_v useful_a not_o only_o that_o metal_n which_o be_v precious_a but_o also_o the_o base_a sort_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o its_o place_n nevertheless_o because_o all_o place_n do_v not_o afford_v conveniency_n for_o melt_a down_o oar_n nor_o all_o oar_n contain_v metal_n rich_a enough_o to_o pay_v the_o cost_n let_v the_o aforesaid_a inconvenience_n when_o they_o happen_v be_v remedy_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n which_o shall_v be_v set_v down_o hereafter_o although_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o prepare_v oar_n without_o burn_v so_o as_o to_o yield_v that_o quantity_n of_o plate_n it_o do_v by_o quicksilver_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v where_o the_o refination_n by_o boil_a be_v treat_v of_o chap._n x._o whether_o the_o oar_n ought_v to_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o stone_n or_o in_o the_o meal_n they_o use_v to_o burn_v oar_n in_o the_o stone_n or_o in_o the_o meal_n and_o burn_v it_o in_o the_o meal_n they_o better_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o oar_n for_o take_v care_n to_o stir_v it_o well_o about_o and_o mix_v it_o equal_o in_o the_o furnace_n take_v out_o a_o small_a quantity_n and_o put_v quicksilver_n and_o salt_n thereunto_o in_o a_o short_a space_n of_o time_n by_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n you_o shall_v quick_o know_v what_o the_o oar_n be_v whether_o it_o begin_v to_o grow_v like_o lead_n or_o no_o and_o whether_o the_o lead_v be_v gross_a or_o fine_a or_o whether_o there_o be_v need_n of_o more_o material_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o to_o continue_v or_o stop_v the_o burn_a of_o it_o according_a as_o every_o refiner_n by_o his_o own_o experience_n have_v find_v to_o succeed_v best_a with_o it_o out_o of_o that_o oar_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o stone_n can_v be_v choose_v this_o equality_n because_o the_o force_n of_o the_o fire_n can_v be_v equal_o communicate_v to_o stone_n in_o a_o divers_a situation_n and_o of_o different_a bigness_n for_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o small_a stone_n be_v soon_o heat_n than_o the_o great_a and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o furnace_n soon_o than_o those_o that_o touch_v the_o side_n but_o this_o manner_n of_o burn_v be_v subject_a to_o least_o damage_n beside_o that_o it_o facilitate_v the_o grind_n of_o the_o oar._n it_o be_v a_o great_a error_n to_o burn_v oar_n already_o ground_n by_o reverberation_n because_o the_o fierceness_n of_o the_o fire_n burn_v the_o sulphur_n or_o betun_n which_o it_o contain_v and_o suffer_v it_o not_o to_o discharge_v itself_o by_o little_a and_o little_a but_o oblige_v it_o to_o mingle_v itself_o with_o the_o silver_n and_o altogether_o to_o turn_v it_o into_o dross_n moreover_o the_o force_n of_o the_o flame_n raise_v up_o the_o settle_a part_n of_o the_o silver_n when_o they_o stir_v the_o oar_n and_o turn_v it_o into_o smoke_n blow_v it_o out_o of_o the_o furnace_n the_o most_o secure_a way_n of_o burn_a oar_n already_o ground_n be_v to_o do_v it_o by_o a_o tostadillo_n or_o preserve_v pan_n make_v in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o furnace_n as_o shall_v be_v direct_v hereafter_o and_o because_o the_o meal_n be_v wont_n by_o the_o fire_n to_o gather_v into_o little_a lump_n or_o else_o to_o grow_v spongy_a and_o gross_a it_o be_v convenient_a to_o grind_v it_o over_o again_o before_o it_o be_v incorporate_v the_o best_a way_n of_o all_o as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v to_o burn_v it_o in_o the_o stone_n because_o it_o facilitate_v and_o save_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o grind_n and_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o the_o fine_a silver_n fly_v away_o in_o the_o smoke_n and_o where_o the_o oar_n be_v incorporate_v in_o hard_a pebble_n and_o flint_n which_o be_v very_o untractable_a stone_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o burn_v they_o other_o sort_n of_o oar_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v burn_v alone_o but_o in_o meal_n with_o the_o mixture_n which_o shall_v be_v prescribe_v according_a to_o the_o ill_a quality_n wherewith_o they_o be_v affect_v chap._n xi_o of_o material_n to_o be_v mix_v with_o oar_n when_o they_o burn_v it_o it_o be_v no_o extraordinary_a but_o a_o common_a thing_n for_o iron_n to_o be_v engender_v in_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n oar_n and_o the_o oar_n that_o be_v so_o affect_v be_v most_o difficult_a for_o burn_v or_o fundition_n either_o it_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o slowness_n of_o the_o heat_n be_v penetration_n into_o it_o and_o also_o by_o a_o loadstone_n pass_v it_o over_o the_o oar_n after_o it_o be_v well_o burn_v and_o ground_n which_o will_v snatch_v up_o the_o iron_n if_o there_o be_v any_o and_o more_o or_o less_o of_o it_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n mix_v with_o the_o oar._n this_o kind_n of_o oar_n after_o it_o be_v ground_n aught_o to_o be_v mix_v with_o sulphur_n or_o which_o be_v better_o with_o the_o
to_o quicken_v it_o again_o and_o unite_v it_o and_o in_o its_o place_n i_o shall_v show_v how_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v chap._n xv._n touch_v the_o cause_n and_o difference_n of_o that_o which_o be_v call_v lis._n quicksilver_n dissolve_v and_o divide_v into_o very_o subtle_a part_n be_v common_o call_v by_o the_o refiner_n lie_v which_o show_v its_o self_n like_o a_o eyebrow_n in_o the_o matter_n purunnia_n when_o the_o oar_n be_v ensay_v and_o from_o it_o the_o experience_a refiner_n take_v their_o indication_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o oar_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o caxome_v it_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o often_o pass_v of_o it_o through_o the_o oar_n a_o thing_n inexcusable_a in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o refine_n although_o it_o have_v no_o ill_a quality_n at_o all_o but_o if_o it_o have_v coperas_fw-la in_o it_o it_o will_v grind_v the_o quicksilver_n in_o great_a extremity_n as_o have_v be_v say_v if_o quicksilver_n be_v without_o any_o foreign_a impression_n upon_o it_o and_o be_v dissolve_v into_o lis_n which_o be_v white_a it_o be_v call_v lis_n of_o quicksilver_n lis_n of_o other_o material_n be_v call_v that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o quicksilver_n of_o tin_n or_o lead_n and_o lie_v of_o silver_n be_v the_o fine_a and_o subtle_a part_n of_o silver_n make_v by_o the_o repass_a of_o the_o quicksilver_n through_o the_o oar_n but_o not_o as_o yet_o join_v or_o incorporate_v with_o it_o which_o when_o it_o be_v they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o pella_n which_o signify_v a_o ball_n or_o pellet_n quicksilver_n be_v susceptible_a of_o divers_a colour_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o lise_n according_a to_o the_o different_a matter_n which_o accompany_v that_o silver_n oar_n into_o which_o it_o be_v throw_v these_o colour_n be_v reduce_v into_o three_o genuse_n as_o it_o be_v which_o comprehend_v under_o they_o several_a other_o species_n those_o three_o be_v clear_a lead_v colour_a spot_v the_o quicksilver_n look_v clear_a either_o when_o the_o oar_n have_v no_o silver_n at_o all_o in_o it_o or_o when_o the_o silver_n it_o contain_v be_v fine_a without_o any_o alloy_n or_o mixture_n in_o that_o case_n the_o quicksilver_n will_v attract_v and_o clothe_v itself_o with_o the_o dust_n of_o fine_a silver_n without_o lose_v the_o liveliness_n of_o its_o colour_n which_o when_o it_o change_v they_o call_v it_o leaden_a for_o its_o likeness_n unto_o the_o colour_n of_o that_o metal_n although_o it_o always_o be_v accompany_v with_o sign_n that_o the_o oar_n contain_v silver_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o lead_v for_o so_o they_o call_v it_o proceed_v from_o false_a principle_n and_o those_o have_v a_o manifest_a cause_n although_o little_o take_v notice_n of_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o proceed_n in_o refine_v which_o hitherunto_o have_v be_v govern_v by_o chance_n it_o be_v copperas_n alone_o the_o mortal_a enemy_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o give_v it_o the_o false_a colour_n of_o lead_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o do_v to_o other_o metal_n the_o colour_n of_o copper_n the_o other_o lead_v colour_n be_v a_o certain_a sign_n of_o silver_n because_o ordinary_o it_o be_v make_v in_o raw_a oar_n that_o be_v mix_v with_o divers_a other_o bad_a thing_n the_o which_o attract_v to_o itself_o the_o quicksilver_n the_o quicksilver_n lay_v hold_v of_o and_o carry_v away_o both_o the_o metal_n and_o also_o its_o bad_a companion_n who_o give_v it_o that_o strange_a colour_n this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o what_o be_v treat_v of_o in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o assertion_n that_o the_o black_a or_o obscure_a lis_n or_o colour_n of_o quicksilver_n proceed_v from_o oar_n that_o be_v mix_v with_o iron_n if_o the_o quicksilver_n have_v a_o deep_a lead_n colour_n than_o it_o have_v lead_v its_o self_n in_o its_o company_n if_o it_o be_v something_o more_o clear_a than_o it_o have_v tin_n and_o if_o it_o look_v as_o if_o it_o be_v gild_v a_o little_a copper_n whether_o the_o lie_v be_v of_o quicksilver_n silver_n or_o of_o other_o material_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v discern_v for_o the_o lie_v of_o quicksilver_n be_v very_o fine_a white_z but_o want_v quickness_n and_o when_o it_o fall_v together_o with_o the_o water_n into_o the_o trey_n it_o do_v not_o run_v up_o and_o down_o but_o remain_v as_o if_o it_o stick_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o if_o you_o rub_v it_o with_o your_o finger_n it_o will_v unite_v into_o lump_n of_o quicksilver_n the_o lie_v of_o silver_n shine_v and_o be_v like_o pindust_n or_o fine_a according_a to_o the_o richness_n of_o the_o oar_n when_o they_o let_v the_o water_n out_o from_o the_o oar_n it_o run_v about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o trey_n and_o if_o you_o rub_v it_o with_o your_o finger_n it_o will_v gather_v together_o into_o pellet_n the_o lie_v of_o other_o material_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o middle_a thing_n between_o the_o other_o two_o and_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o body_n by_o rub_v it_o with_o one_o finger_n it_o unite_v itself_o with_o the_o touch_v quicksilver_n chap._n xvi_o whether_o it_o be_v fit_v at_o first_o to_o put_v in_o all_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o other_o material_n at_o once_a or_o no._n the_o oar_n be_v in_o good_a disposition_n and_o the_o refiner_n by_o the_o forego_n rule_v be_v assure_v how_o much_o silver_n the_o caxon_n contain_v and_o what_o proportion_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o other_o material_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v put_v in_o that_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v wash_v it_o may_v yield_v three_o part_n of_o silver_n pellet_n and_o one_o of_o quicksilver_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o all_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o material_n aforesaid_a shall_v be_v put_v into_o the_o incorporate_n vessel_n at_o once_o or_o no_o and_o the_o most_o part_n if_o not_o all_o the_o artist_n of_o this_o country_n do_v use_v to_o do_v it_o at_o once_o until_o about_o twenty_o year_n ago_o when_o i_o come_v to_o live_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o lip_n i_o persuade_v they_o to_o the_o contrary_n according_a to_o rule_n which_o i_o have_v learn_v in_o such_o like_a operation_n out_o of_o raimundus_n lullus_n which_o do_v evident_o agree_v with_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n that_o bring_v to_o perfection_n all_o thing_n by_o a_o slow_a and_o gentle_a growth_n and_o not_o sudden_o nor_o violent_o a_o very_a little_a fire_n be_v sufficient_a to_o burn_v the_o whole_a world_n if_o the_o combustible_a matter_n be_v put_v into_o it_o by_o little_a and_o little_a proportionable_a to_o the_o force_n of_o the_o fire_n but_o if_o all_o that_o matter_n or_o a_o overgreat_a proportion_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o fire_n at_o once_o it_o will_v choke_v it_o and_o put_v it_o out_o the_o natural_a heat_n of_o animal_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o inconvenience_n and_o the_o same_o happen_v proportional_o unto_o the_o chest_n of_o metal_n beside_o that_o by_o experience_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o extraordinary_a cold_a of_o much_o quicksilver_n do_v accidental_o bind_v up_o the_o oar_n and_o hinder_v the_o refine_v as_o on_o the_o contrary_a any_o heat_n hasten_v it_o moreover_o if_o because_o they_o have_v judge_v ill_o of_o the_o remedy_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o chest_n the_o caxon_n despair_n and_o the_o quicksilver_n dissolve_v the_o remedy_n will_v be_v the_o easy_a the_o less_o loose_v the_o caxon_n and_o if_o there_o be_v need_n of_o use_v tin_n or_o lead_n which_o can_v be_v apply_v without_o quicksilver_n that_o will_v be_v add_v with_o less_o danger_n the_o quicksilver_n be_v in_o already_o the_o same_o damage_n or_o great_a follow_v when_o they_o exceed_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o material_n they_o put_v into_o the_o oar_n which_o have_v need_n thereof_o because_o it_o dull_v and_o deaden_v the_o quicksilver_n so_o that_o it_o will_v lay_v hold_n on_o no_o silver_n at_o all_o and_o can_v very_o hardly_o ever_o be_v reduce_v into_o that_o condition_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v after_o many_o day_n spend_v in_o repass_v the_o quicksilver_n and_o dress_v of_o the_o oar_n let_v the_o caxon_n be_v incorporate_v and_o wash_v with_o a_o three_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n at_o the_o most_o and_o at_o first_o put_v in_o half_a the_o tin_n or_o lead_n that_o be_v requisite_a to_o be_v spend_v for_o so_o the_o quicksilver_n will_v the_o better_a lay_v hold_v of_o the_o plate_n and_o draw_v it_o out_o present_o before_o the_o material_n be_v consume_v which_o they_o call_v aplomar_n whereby_o will_v be_v avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o dry_a plate_n which_o like_o froth_n swim_v upon_o the_o water_n that_o come_v out_o and_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o much_o mischief_n if_o the_o caxon_n stand_v in_o need_n thereof_o proceed_v to_o put_v in_o more_o quicksilver_n and_o other_o material_n always_o
affirm_v that_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o mine_n of_o gold_n although_o the_o experience_n in_o these_o province_n do_v not_o correspond_v therewith_o it_o be_v ordinary_o find_v with_o copper_n and_o in_o great_a abundance_n with_o the_o black_a metal_n which_o also_o participate_v much_o of_o it_o and_o thence_o take_v the_o ill_a smell_n it_o have_v in_o work_v it_o be_v a_o very_a fine_a sort_n of_o copperas_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v copaquiras_n and_o the_o best_a and_o pure_a of_o all_o be_v that_o they_o call_v piedra_n lipas_n from_o the_o mine_n of_o it_o find_v in_o that_o province_n although_o a_o few_o year_n ago_o a_o very_a plentiful_a mine_n of_o it_o have_v be_v discover_v in_o the_o province_n of_o acatama_n which_o be_v of_o a_o greenish_a colour_n and_o that_o of_o lipa_n be_v blue_a there_o be_v also_o whitish_a and_o yellow_a copperas_n which_o the_o painter_n use_n and_o different_a colour_n of_o it_o have_v cause_v several_a name_n to_o be_v give_v it_o of_o this_o mineral_n be_v those_o the_o spaniard_n call_v mysi_n sori_n calohitis_n and_o melanteria_fw-la there_o be_v dispute_n enough_o about_o its_o temperament_n and_o quality_n as_o well_o as_o about_o that_o of_o alum_n some_z not_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v hot_a in_o the_o three_o degree_n will_v yet_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v so_o in_o the_o four_o and_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a be_v of_o the_o opinion_n of_o juan_n de_fw-fr rupecissa_n who_o i_o think_v follow_v raymundus_n that_o it_o be_v cold_a in_o the_o three_o degree_n it_o be_v admirable_a to_o see_v its_o effect_n in_o aquafortis_n in_o which_o all_o metal_n like_o salt_n dissolve_v and_o be_v turn_v into_o water_n and_o a_o ocular_a demonstration_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o the_o transmutation_n of_o metal_n one_o into_o another_o for_o with_o copperas_n dissolve_v in_o aquafortis_n without_o any_o other_o artifice_n iron_n lead_v and_o tin_n become_v fine_a copper_n and_o silver_n will_v lose_v of_o its_o value_n and_o be_v turn_v into_o copper_n also_o with_o a_o little_a help_n of_o another_o metal_n very_o easy_a to_o be_v get_v by_o the_o force_n of_o a_o most_o violent_a heat_n they_o extract_v oil_n from_o the_o copperas_n which_o be_v call_v vitriol_n of_o wonderful_a virtue_n they_o make_v two_o sort_n of_o artificial_a copperas_n blue_a and_o green_a of_o a_o mixture_n of_o iron_n copper_n and_o brimston_n put_v in_o the_o fire_n together_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v declare_v how_o and_o what_o mischief_n copperas_n have_v cause_v in_o the_o work_n of_o metal_n a_o thing_n hitherto_o not_o take_v notice_n of_o chap._n 7._o of_o salt_n salt_v be_v no_o less_o necessary_a than_o common_o know_v in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o which_o be_v mineral_n have_v the_o same_o virtue_n as_o that_o which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o sea-water_n or_o of_o the_o water_n of_o brackish_a lake_n or_o spring_n the_o only_a difference_n be_v that_o the_o mineral-salt_n be_v more_o thick_a and_o solid_a whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v to_o be_v more_o astringent_a and_o not_o so_o easy_o dissolve_v in_o water_n as_o the_o make_a salt_n be_v the_o province_n of_o the_o west-indies_n as_o much_o abound_v in_o salt_n as_o they_o do_v in_o metal_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o sea_n between_o the_o lip_n coagulate_v into_o christalline-salt_n as_o also_o the_o salt-pit_n call_v garci_n mendoca_n be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o inconsiderable_a wonder_n of_o this_o new_a world_n those_o pit_n be_v call_v garci_n mendoza_n for_o their_o bigness_n because_o they_o be_v forty_o league_n long_o and_o where_o narrow_a sixteen_o broad_a and_o also_o because_o that_o sometime_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o that_o space_n be_v discover_v as_o it_o be_v well_n that_o have_v no_o bottom_n and_o great_a overgrow_a fish_n be_v see_v in_o they_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a travel_v over_o this_o space_n of_o ground_n for_o fear_v of_o lose_v one_o eyesight_n because_o the_o great_a glister_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n upon_o that_o place_n of_o crystal_n put_v out_o one_o eye_n unless_o they_o be_v defend_v with_o black_a tiffany_n there_o be_v danger_n of_o life_n also_o in_o that_o journey_n it_o have_v happen_v that_o go_v over_o that_o place_n the_o traveller_n and_o his_o horse_n and_o all_o have_v be_v swallow_v up_o leave_v no_o manner_n of_o mark_n behind_o of_o either_o of_o they_o in_o the_o lip_n four_o league_n from_o the_o mine_n of_o st._n christopher_n de_fw-fr achocolla_n there_o be_v a_o small_a lake_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o little_a hill_n in_o a_o country_n they_o call_v tumaquisa_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o which_o lake_n the_o water_n boil_v and_o leap_v up_o sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o make_v a_o frightful_a noise_n out_o of_o curiosity_n i_o go_v to_o see_v it_o and_o find_v the_o noise_n and_o motion_n of_o it_o so_o terrible_a that_o with_o reason_n there_o be_v very_o few_o that_o dare_v come_v near_o the_o mouth_n thereof_o the_o water_n be_v thick_a to_o that_o degree_n that_o it_o look_v more_o like_a dirt_n than_o water_n there_o be_v one_o small_a gutter_n where_o it_o run_v over_o and_o that_o water_n issue_v forth_o become_v red_a salt_n as_o it_o run_v along_o in_o little_a channel_n this_o be_v a_o mighty_a strong_a salt_n and_o have_v twice_o the_o virtue_n of_o common_a salt_n in_o the_o work_n of_o metal_n it_o have_v also_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o excellent_a remedy_n for_o the_o dysentery_n perchance_o it_o have_v in_o it_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o red_a alum_n that_o give_v it_o both_o colour_n and_o spirit_n hard_o by_o this_o lake_n run_v a_o vein_n of_o piedra_n judaica_n and_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o be_v full_a of_o mine_n of_o copper_n a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o julloma_n in_o the_o province_n of_o pacage_n there_o be_v many_o salt_n spring_n that_o as_o they_o gush_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v pure_a white_a salt_n without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o art_n and_o they_o increase_v into_o heap_n of_o salt_n until_o the_o winter_n rain_v dissolve_v and_o sweep_v they_o away_o in_o the_o same_o province_n near_o unto_o caquingora_n there_o be_v more_o salt-pit_n like_v unto_o the_o former_a and_o the_o like_a there_o be_v in_o several_a other_o place_n in_o these_o part_n also_o be_v find_v in_o great_a abundance_n of_o the_o mine_n or_o rock-salt_n which_o be_v massy_a and_o transparent_a look_v like_o the_o pure_a crystal_n julloma_n have_v in_o it_o plentiful_a vein_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o salt_n many_o year_n ago_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o curaguara_n de_fw-fr carangas_n have_v enrich_v themselves_o by_o dig_v of_o rock-salt_n and_o of_o late_a year_n they_o have_v discover_v vein_n of_o it_o near_o the_o river_n of_o langa_n collo_fw-la but_o the_o salt-mine_n of_o yocalla_n which_o god_n have_v create_v near_o unto_o the_o rich_a mountain_n and_o city_n of_o potosi_n that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o work_n of_o its_o oar_n yield_v such_o abundance_n of_o salt_n as_o be_v incredible_a whereof_o be_v daily_o spend_v in_o the_o melt_a of_o metal_n at_o the_o least_o 1500_o quintale_n and_o this_o consumption_n have_v last_v for_o many_o year_n beside_o the_o common_a virtue_n of_o salt_n which_o every_o body_n know_v arnaldo_n de_fw-fr villa_n nova_fw-la in_o his_o treatise_n for_o the_o preserve_n of_o youthfulness_n say_v that_o rock-salt_n be_v beyond_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o call_v it_o the_o mineral_n elixir_n and_o prescribe_v that_o it_o be_v prepare_v with_o thing_n that_o do_v not_o weaken_v it_o or_o alter_v its_o property_n but_o he_o do_v not_o name_v the_o ingredient_n nor_o the_o manner_n of_o do_v it_o juan_n beguino_n in_o his_o tyrocinio_fw-la chymico_fw-la teach_v how_o to_o extract_v oil_n out_o of_o it_o of_o a_o extraordinary_a great_a virtue_n and_o he_o say_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v preserve_v in_o that_o liquor_n shall_v be_v keep_v from_o putrefaction_n for_o many_o age_n and_o he_o believe_v that_o this_o be_v it_o that_o preserve_v the_o body_n of_o the_o beautiful_a maid_n which_o rafael_n volaterano_n speak_v of_o that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n alexander_n the_o six_o in_o a_o ancient_a tomb_n so_o fresh_a as_o if_o she_o have_v but_o just_o new_o die_v when_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o epitaph_n that_o she_o have_v be_v bury_v there_o 1500_o year_n before_o chap._n 8._o of_o salt_n ammoniac_a and_o other_o salt_n among_o all_o the_o salt_n that_o nature_n alone_o produce_v the_o scarce_a but_o of_o great_a virtue_n be_v the_o salt-ammoniac_a they_o call_v it_o vulgar_o ammoniac_a and_o from_o that_o name_n conclude_v that_o it_o come_v from_o armenia_n but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o true_a name_n of_o
command_v the_o mine_n to_o be_v stop_v up_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o generation_n of_o stone_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v some_o very_a active_a principle_n or_o virtue_n that_o operate_v in_o the_o generation_n of_o stone_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o universe_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o generation_n and_o corruption_n but_o the_o difficulty_n lie_v in_o know_v what_o that_o principle_n be_v because_o it_o operate_v in_o no_o determinate_a place_n but_o sometime_o stone_n be_v make_v in_o the_o air_n in_o the_o cloud_n in_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o water_n and_o in_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n avicena_n and_o albertus_n think_v the_o matter_n whereof_o stone_n be_v make_v to_o be_v a_o mixture_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o if_o the_o great_a part_n be_v water_n it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o liquor_n but_o if_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v earth_n than_o it_o be_v call_v dirt_n or_o clay_n that_o clay_n which_o be_v fit_a to_o make_v stone_n of_o must_v be_v tough_a and_o slimy_a such_o as_o brick_n pot_n and_o other_o earthen_a vessel_n be_v make_v of_o for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o such_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o fire_n have_v consume_v the_o moisture_n of_o the_o dirt_n it_o will_v not_o hang_v together_o but_o crumble_v into_o earth_n and_o dust_n it_o be_v also_o necessary_a that_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v to_o be_v convert_v into_o stone_n be_v very_o slimy_a the_o experience_n whereof_o we_o find_v in_o our_o own_o body_n the_o physician_n be_v general_o of_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o stone_n be_v beget_v in_o the_o reins_o and_o bladder_n of_o slimy_a tough_a humour_n bake_v hard_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o body_n this_o opinion_n touch_v petrify_a liquor_n be_v confirm_v past_o all_o question_n by_o the_o experiment_n of_o that_o famous_a water_n in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n near_o unto_o guancavelica_n which_o they_o take_v and_o put_v into_o mould_n of_o what_o form_n and_o bigness_n they_o please_v and_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o sun_n for_o a_o few_o day_n whereby_o it_o be_v make_v perfect_a stone_n and_o they_o build_v their_o house_n with_o it_o all_o the_o cattle_n that_o drink_v it_o die_v and_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o conjecture_v the_o reason_n in_o a_o mountain_n call_v pacocava_n a_o league_n from_o the_o mine_n of_o verenguela_fw-mi de_fw-fr pajage_n there_o be_v spring_n of_o this_o liquor_n the_o colour_n whereof_o be_v whitish_a incline_v to_o yellow_a that_o as_o it_o run_v along_o condense_n into_o very_o hard_a and_o weighty_a stone_n of_o different_a shape_n moreover_o any_o porous_a substance_n that_o can_v suck_v this_o kind_n of_o liquor_n into_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v turn_v into_o stone_n and_o of_o those_o i_o have_v see_v tree_n and_o limb_n and_o bone_n of_o beast_n turn_v into_o hard_a stone_n in_o the_o city_n de_fw-fr plata_fw-la i_o have_v see_v stick_v of_o wood_n take_v out_o of_o that_o great_a river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n so_o much_o of_o which_o as_o have_v remain_v cover_v with_o the_o water_n be_v convert_v into_o very_o fine_a stone_n i_o see_v also_o the_o tooth_n and_o bone_n of_o giant_n that_o be_v dug_n up_o in_o tarija_n turn_v into_o heavy_a and_o hard_a stone_n stone_n have_v their_o substantial_a form_n which_o make_v they_o differ_v specifical_o yet_o because_o we_o can_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o in_o our_o definition_n we_o be_v fain_o by_o way_n of_o periphrasis_n to_o make_v use_n of_o accident_n and_o property_n every_o several_a form_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v accompany_v with_o particular_a virtue_n as_o remarkable_a as_o those_o of_o animal_n or_o plant_n and_o proportion_v to_o the_o length_n of_o time_n nature_n take_v in_o its_o generation_n but_o because_o plant_n and_o animal_n be_v to_o have_v so_o different_a disposition_n and_o to_o produce_v such_o various_a and_o admirable_a effect_n they_o can_v be_v of_o so_o uniform_a and_o well_o mingle_v a_o temperament_n as_o the_o stone_n be_v nor_o be_v their_o soft_a and_o gentle_a substance_n capable_a to_o endure_v so_o much_o force_v as_o neither_o be_v the_o hardness_n of_o the_o stone_n fit_v for_o the_o produce_v variety_n of_o several_a shape_n and_o therefore_o in_o they_o be_v find_v no_o leaf_n flower_n fruit_n hand_n nor_o foot_n as_o in_o plant_n and_o animal_n though_o they_o have_v a_o great_a virtue_n of_o another_o kind_n chap._n 13._o of_o the_o difference_n of_o stone_n one_o from_o another_o all_o sort_n of_o stone_n be_v reducible_a under_o some_o of_o these_o five_o follow_a species_n 1._o if_o they_o be_v small_a very_o scarce_o and_o very_o hard_a of_o substance_n and_o have_v lustre_n they_o be_v call_v precious_a stone_n 2._o if_o they_o be_v of_o great_a magnitude_n although_o they_o be_v rare_a and_o have_v lustre_n they_o be_v some_o kind_n of_o marble_n 3._o if_o in_o break_v they_o fall_v into_o splinter_n or_o scale_n they_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o flint_n 4._o if_o they_o be_v of_o a_o small_a grain_n they_o be_v pebble_n 5._o those_o that_o have_v none_o of_o the_o abovesaid_a qualification_n be_v rock_n or_o ordinary_a stone_n but_o the_o miner_n for_o the_o better_a distinction_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o stone_n wherein_o metal_n be_v engender_v use_v peculiar_a name_n for_o they_o for_o example_n a_o kind_n of_o stone_n like_o pebble_n which_o contain_v gold_n silver_n or_o any_o orhe_a metal_n they_o call_v guijos_n which_o breed_v a_o rich_a vein_n of_o metal_n than_o any_o other_o stone_n cachi_n another_o sort_n of_o stone_n white_a like_o alabaster_n soft_a and_o easy_a to_o break_v in_o piece_n be_v all_o this_o country_n call_v salt_n much_o lead_n be_v engender_v in_o this_o kind_n of_o stone_n in_o the_o vein_n of_o metale_n paco_n which_o be_v the_o name_n the_o miner_n here_o give_v unto_o their_o silver_n oar._n chumpi_fw-la which_o be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o grey_a colour_n be_v a_o stone_n of_o the_o kind_n of_o esmeril_n mix_v with_o iron_n it_o shine_v a_o little_a and_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o work_v because_o it_o resist_v the_o fire_n much_o it_o be_v find_v in_o potosi_n and_o chocaya_n and_o other_o place_n with_o the_o black_a metal_n and_o rosiclere_n lamacrudria_n be_v that_o stone_n which_o be_v close_o compact_v and_o solid_a and_o show_v not_o the_o least_o grain_n nor_o porousness_n when_o you_o break_v it_o and_o be_v of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o sometime_o high_o colour_v as_o blood-red_a almaclaneta_fw-mi be_v the_o name_n they_o give_v another_o kind_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v very_o solid_a and_o weighty_a of_o a_o dark_a colour_n always_o find_v in_o the_o company_n of_o rich_a metal_n which_o be_v engender_v in_o it_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v corrupt_v and_o rot_v as_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v do_v in_o the_o govijos_n it_o grow_v upon_o the_o flint_n of_o the_o gold_n mine_n and_o those_o of_o copper_n and_o silver_n amolaclera_fw-la or_o whetstone_n be_v that_o ordinary_a stone_n which_o be_v common_o make_v use_n of_o for_o that_o purpose_n and_o so_o know_v to_o every_o body_n divers_a rich_a metal_n grow_v upon_o it_o but_o most_o common_o los_fw-es cobriscos_fw-la the_o vein_n of_o silver_n be_v rare_a and_o inconsiderable_a that_o be_v find_v in_o pit-coal_n although_o it_o be_v a_o more_o proper_a bed_n for_o gold_n other_o stone_n that_o grow_v in_o mine_n or_o cleave_v unto_o the_o metal_n they_o call_v cique_n and_o also_o caxas_n which_o be_v rough_a and_o uneven_a but_o not_o very_o hard_a nor_o very_o spungy_a and_o common_o have_v nothing_o of_o metal_n in_o they_o although_o in_o some_o rich_a mine_n they_o be_v infect_v with_o some_o little_a by_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o oar._n the_o stone_n of_o potosi_n call_v vilacique_n have_v be_v and_o be_v very_o famous_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o silver_n get_v out_o of_o they_o and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ingredient_n that_o make_v this_o province_n without_o comparison_n vila_n signify_v blood_n in_o peru_n or_o any_o red_a thing_n and_o for_o the_o streak_n of_o red_a this_o stone_n have_v in_o it_o they_o call_v it_o vilecique_n chap._n 14._o of_o precious_a stone_n precious_a stone_n be_v either_o transparent_a as_o the_o diamant_n be_v or_o obscure_a as_o the_o onyx_n or_o between_o both_o as_o the_o sandonyx_n and_o the_o jasper_n it_o be_v the_o water_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o clearness_n and_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o opacity_n of_o they_o so_o that_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o excel_v one_o the_o other_o in_o lustre_n and_o transparency_n be_v from_o the_o variety_n of_o humour_n congeal_v together_o to_o compose_v they_o which_o be_v some_o of_o they_o more_o
in_o like_a manner_n be_v reducible_a again_o to_o quicksilver_n be_v notorious_o know_v to_o be_v poison_n and_o hot_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n but_o leave_v the_o determination_n of_o this_o to_o those_o that_o deal_v in_o simple_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o affinity_n between_o the_o nature_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o that_o of_o other_o metal_n that_o though_o it_o be_v none_o of_o they_o yet_o it_o be_v convertible_a into_o any_o of_o they_o because_o as_o most_o philosopher_n hold_v it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o which_o they_o all_o be_v compound_v and_o most_o easy_o unite_v and_o incorporate_v with_o they_o and_o moreover_o its_o very_a substance_n be_v transmutable_a into_o true_a metal_n endure_v the_o trial_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o hammer_n as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n raymundus_n teach_v several_a way_n how_o to_o turn_v it_o into_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o a_o book_n call_v la_fw-fr disquisition_n eliana_n there_o be_v teach_v a_o very_a perfect_a way_n how_o to_o make_v lead_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o if_o one_o shall_v suspect_v the_o credit_n of_o book_n in_o these_o province_n there_o be_v many_o eye_n witness_n that_o have_v plate_n by_o they_o which_o they_o have_v refine_v with_o their_o own_o hand_n by_o a_o copel_n of_o quicksilver_n cure_v according_a to_o a_o receipt_n give_v unto_o they_o the_o which_o experiment_n take_v away_o all_o scruple_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o its_o transmutation_n there_o be_v very_o little_a use_n or_o consumption_n of_o quicksilver_n before_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o new_a silver_n age_n in_o the_o world_n than_o they_o only_o waste_v it_o in_o mercury_n sublimate_n cinabrio_n or_o vermillion_n and_o the_o powder_n make_v thereof_o call_v precipitate_v which_o be_v also_o call_v in_o spain_n the_o powder_n of_o juane_n de_fw-mi vigo_n which_o have_v be_v use_v to_o such_o mischievous_a purpose_n that_o the_o world_n be_v say_v to_o have_v too_o much_o of_o they_o although_o in_o bulk_n and_o quantity_n than_o they_o have_v but_o little_a but_o since_o it_o have_v be_v use_v to_o collect_v the_o silver_n together_o out_o of_o oar_n which_o be_v ground_n small_a a_o invention_n which_o the_o ancient_n have_v scarce_o arrive_v to_o and_o practise_v it_o but_o very_o little_a it_o be_v incredible_a how_o great_a a_o quantity_n be_v consume_v by_o the_o founder_n of_o metal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o if_o the_o abundance_n of_o silver_n that_o have_v go_v out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v fill_v the_o world_n with_o riches_n and_o admiration_n by_o it_o may_v be_v estimate_v the_o consumption_n and_o loss_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o after_o a_o most_o extravagant_a expense_n thereof_o at_o first_o be_v now_o by_o good_a experience_n regulate_v within_o term_n of_o moderation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v equal_a in_o weight_n to_o the_o silver_n extract_v and_o very_o seldom_o that_o the_o waist_n be_v so_o little_a they_o begin_v to_o register_v the_o quicksilver_n that_o come_v to_o potosi_n upon_o the_o king_n account_n in_o the_o year_n 1574_o and_o from_o that_o time_n till_o 1640_o there_o have_v be_v receive_v of_o it_o upward_o of_o 204600_o quintal_n beside_o a_o vast_a quantity_n irregular_o bring_v in_o upon_o other_o account_n to_o supply_v the_o excessive_a expense_n of_o this_o mineral_n god_n almighty_a provide_v the_o famous_a mine_n of_o guancabellica_n and_o in_o these_o province_n subject_a to_o the_o charcas_n of_o who_o mineral_n i_o have_v desire_v particular_o to_o inform_v your_o lordship_n there_o can_v be_v no_o want_n of_o this_o mineral_n amid_o the_o great_a plenty_n it_o have_v of_o all_o other_o there_o be_v quicksilver_n mine_n in_o challatiri_fw-la four_o league_n from_o this_o imperial_a city_n there_o be_v also_o of_o the_o same_o near_a unto_o guarina_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o omasuyo_n and_o not_o far_o from_o moromoro_n a_o village_n of_o the_o indian_n six_o league_n from_o the_o city_n chuquisaca_n a_o few_o year_n ago_o the_o indian_n bring_v stone_n very_o rich_a with_o quicksilver_n which_o by_o the_o violent_a death_n as_o be_v suspect_v of_o the_o man_n that_o proffer_v to_o discover_v the_o mine_n have_v remain_v conceal_v unto_o this_o present_a chap._n 34._o of_o artificial_a metal_n and_o mettallique_n art_fw-la also_o produce_v metal_n and_o mettallique_n and_o in_o their_o fabric_n aim_v at_o and_o imitate_v the_o perfection_n of_o nature_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o tin_n and_o copper_n be_v make_v brass_n for_o bell_n and_o for_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n and_o for_o other_o use_n they_o put_v a_o pound_n of_o tin_n from_o four_o to_o eight_o lib._n of_o copper_n according_a as_o the_o occasion_n require_v the_o indian_n understand_v this_o composition_n and_o make_v use_v of_o it_o for_o their_o instrument_n of_o force_n and_o for_o their_o arm_n as_o we_o do_v of_o steel_n or_o temper_a iron_n which_o they_o know_v nothing_o of_o latin_n be_v make_v of_o small_a piece_n of_o copper_n put_v into_o large_a crusiple_n cover_v with_o powder_n of_o jalamina_n which_o be_v a_o semi-mineral_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n there_o be_v of_o it_o near_o the_o mine_n call_v the_o turc_n in_o the_o province_n of_o carangas_n and_o also_o near_o unto_o pitantora_n in_o the_o charcas_n upon_o the_o powder_n of_o jalamina_n they_o strew_v powder_n of_o beat_a glass_n to_o cover_v it_o and_o keep_v in_o the_o respiration_n and_o then_o they_o put_v fire_n to_o it_o which_o alter_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o copper_n and_o make_v a_o increase_n of_o metal_n of_o eight_o lib._n in_o the_o hundred_o weight_n for_o looking-glass_n they_o make_v several_a composition_n although_o the_o best_a be_v of_o two_o part_n silver_n and_o one_o of_o lead_n moreover_o they_o make_v by_o art_n cinabrio_n mercury_n sublimate_n precipitate_v psorico_n esmalte_n escoria_n diaphryges_n cadmia_n pompholix_a spodos_n flor_n de_fw-fr cobre_n suescama_n cardenillo_n vermicular_a stommoma_n herrumbre_fw-mi ascul_fw-la albayalde_n sandix_n ochra_n greta_n purpurena_n and_o glass_n cinabrio_n be_v compound_v of_o one_o part_v sulphur_n and_o two_o part_n quicksilver_n well_o boil_v and_o sublimate_v together_o in_o glass_n viol_n or_o in_o earthen_a vessel_n that_o be_v glaze_v mercury_n sublimate_n be_v compound_v of_o half_a quicksilver_n half_a copperas_n ground_n together_o extraordinary_a fine_a and_o sprinkle_v a_o little_a strong_a vinegar_n upon_o it_o as_o it_o grind_v that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o incorporate_v then_o sublimate_v it_o in_o glass_n viol_n as_o aforesaid_a it_o be_v also_o make_v with_o alum_n and_o many_o time_n they_o mingle_v a_o little_a salt_n with_o it_o dissolve_v quicksilver_n in_o aquafortis_n than_o set_v it_o upon_o a_o gentle_a fire_n and_o let_v the_o humidity_n evaporate_v and_o the_o quicksilver_n will_v remain_v hard_a as_o a_o stone_n then_o grind_v it_o very_o small_a and_o set_v it_o again_o upon_o the_o fire_n in_o a_o crusiple_n or_o vessel_n of_o copper_n if_o it_o can_v be_v get_v and_o keep_v stir_v the_o quicksilver_n until_o it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a lively_a red_a colour_n and_o then_o take_v it_o off_o the_o fire_n for_o service_n and_o this_o be_v call_v precipitate_v psorico_n be_v make_v of_o two_o part_n of_o calchitis_n and_o one_o of_o greta_n ground_n and_o mingle_v together_o with_o a_o little_a strong_a vinegar_n set_v it_o in_o a_o muckhil_fw-la for_o forty_o day_n together_o then_o take_v it_o out_o and_o in_o a_o break_a piece_n of_o a_o pot_n toast_v it_o over_o the_o fire_n till_o it_o be_v very_o red_a the_o best_a esmalte_n be_v make_v of_o alum_n copperas_n and_o saltpetre_n it_o be_v susceptible_a of_o all_o colour_n as_o glass_n be_v escoria_n be_v that_o which_o work_v out_o of_o the_o metal_n when_o it_o run_v and_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o it_o like_v fat_a which_o we_o call_v dross_n that_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o furnace_n when_o they_o melt_v copper_n be_v call_v diaphryges_n cadmia_n although_o there_o be_v of_o it_o natural_a be_v also_o that_o which_o stick_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o furnace_n principal_o wherein_o copper_n be_v melt_v of_o which_o they_o call_v bodrite_n that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o coba_n and_o stracita_n that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o potsherd_v and_o placite_fw-la that_o which_o look_v like_o bark_n or_o shave_n pompholix_a be_v a_o mealy_a substance_n and_o look_n like_o wool_n as_o it_o stick_v to_o the_o wall_n but_o dissolve_v as_o soon_o as_o one_o finger_n touch_v it_o it_o grow_v upon_o the_o wall_n as_o they_o melt_v metal_n they_o vulgar_o call_v it_o atutia_fw-la spodo_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o the_o pompholix_a only_o that_o it_o be_v more_o impure_a it_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o wall_n where_o they_o refine_v metal_n flower_n of_o copper_n be_v make_v
of_o the_o skin_n as_o nitre_n and_o the_o scum_n thereof_o other_o shut_v the_o pore_n as_o do_v the_o samian-earth_n and_o all_o other_o earth_n that_o be_v slimy_a and_o tough_a some_o dissolve_v wart_n and_o biles_n and_o kernel_n in_o the_o body_n as_o the_o piedra_n molar_n and_o the_o marcasita_n other_o heal_v wound_n as_o the_o calchitis_n the_o misi_fw-la and_o alum_n other_o corrode_v the_o flesh_n as_o do_v the_o powder_n of_o the_o stone_n asia_n and_o copperas_n and_o cardenillo_n some_o make_v the_o flesh_n putrify_v as_o quicklime_n orpiment_n sandaraca_n and_o chrysocola_n mercury_n sublimate_n orpiment_n sandaraca_n and_o quicklime_n be_v poison_n because_o they_o corrode_v and_o putrify_v the_o bowel_n so_o also_o be_v mortar_n albayalde_n and_o talco_n calcine_v because_o obstruct_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o spirit_n they_o choke_v one_o finis_fw-la the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o art_n of_o metal_n wherein_o be_v teach_v the_o common_a way_n of_o refine_v silver_n by_o quicksilver·_n with_o some_o new_a rule_n add_v for_o the_o better_a performance_n of_o the_o same_o write_a in_o spanish_a by_o albaro_n alonso_n barba_fw-la master_n of_o art_n curate_z of_o st._n bernard_n parish_n in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o potosi_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n in_o the_o west-indies_n in_o the_o year_n 1640._o translate_v in_o the_o year_n 1669._o by_o the_o r._n h._n edward_n earl_n of_o sandwich_n london_n print_v for_o s._n mearne_v bookbinder_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n 1674._o the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o art_n of_o metal_n chap._n i._o that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v employ_v to_o refine_v metal_n but_o he_o that_o have_v be_v examine_v and_o license_v by_o authority_n the_o abundance_n of_o mineral_n wherewith_o god_n have_v enrich_v almost_o all_o the_o province_n of_o this_o new_a world_n serve_v himself_o thereof_o as_o a_o medium_fw-la to_o other_o high_a design_n of_o his_o divine_a providence_n have_v be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a to_o be_v believe_v the_o mountain_n and_o imperial_a city_n of_o potosi_n have_v already_o yield_v between_o four_o and_o five_o hundred_o million_o of_o piece_n of_o eight_o a_o quantity_n sufficient_a to_o make_v such_o another_o hill_n of_o silver_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o form_v a_o conception_n equal_a unto_o so_o exorbitant_a a_o heap_n of_o riches_n but_o the_o better_a to_o help_v our_o imagination_n therein_o know_v that_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v cover_v with_o piece_n of_o eight_o lay_v as_o close_o to_o one_o another_o as_o be_v possible_a they_o will_v take_v up_o the_o space_n of_o sixty_o league_n square_a allow_v five_o and_o twenty_o piece_n of_o eight_o to_o a_o vare_fw-la of_o spain_n a_o vare_fw-la of_o spain_n be_v 33._o english_a inches_n and_o five_o thousand_o vares_n to_o a_o spanish_a league_n this_o glut_n of_o riches_n have_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o they_o have_v not_o apply_v the_o care_n that_o be_v requisite_a to_o prevent_v loss_n and_o waste_n in_o the_o refine_v of_o oar_n which_o speak_v with_o moderation_n have_v be_v the_o loss_n of_o many_o million_o both_o for_o want_v of_o give_v it_o due_a law_n the_o nature_n and_o difference_n whereof_o they_o do_v not_o understand_v and_o so_o proceed_v by_o chance_n and_o without_o good_a ground_n neither_o know_v they_o well_o what_o quantity_n of_o plate_n the_o oar_n will_v yield_v and_o last_o they_o destroy_v unnecessary_o abundance_n of_o quicksilver_n whereof_o have_v be_v already_o consume_v in_o this_o imperial_a city_n more_o than_o 234600_o quintal_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o this_o neglect_n speak_v greatness_n of_o mind_n in_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o they_o despise_v to_o pick_v up_o crumb_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v the_o hunger_n of_o many_o kingdom_n of_o the_o other_o world_n or_o whether_o it_o condemn_v the_o carelessness_n of_o so_o wise_a and_o well_o govern_v a_o commonwealth_n that_o they_o have_v not_o use_v all_o possible_a mean_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o so_o unnecessary_a a_o prodigality_n the_o first_o and_o fundamental_a remedy_n whereof_o be_v in_o my_o opinion_n that_o the_o metal_n be_v refine_v by_o one_o that_o understand_v the_o art_n and_o be_v authorize_v thereunto_o by_o public_a licence_n after_o strict_a examination_n of_o his_o sufficiency_n which_o be_v require_v before_o the_o admission_n unto_o divers_a calling_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n without_o comparison_n of_o much_o less_o importance_n than_o this_o be_v the_o master_n of_o refine_v work_n have_v take_v no_o care_n at_o all_o in_o this_o matter_n because_o how_o negligent_o soever_o they_o refine_v their_o own_o oar_n they_o lose_v nothing_o but_o have_v all_o the_o silver_n either_o in_o the_o plate_n or_o among_o the_o dross_n and_o that_o which_o they_o refine_v for_o other_o yield_v more_o profit_n to_o these_o refiner_n the_o worse_a it_o be_v wrought_v because_o more_o remain_v with_o they_o in_o the_o dross_n but_o both_o these_o be_v ill_a reason_n to_o proceed_v upon_o because_o the_o make_v full_a profit_n of_o their_o own_o must_v cost_v a_o double_a labour_n and_o the_o ill_a refine_v other_o man_n redound_v to_o a_o public_a prejudice_n chap._n ii_o what_o quantity_n and_o what_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n a_o refine_a ought_v to_o have_v it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a trust_n that_o be_v put_v into_o the_o refiner_n the_o whole_a riches_n which_o this_o most_o prosperous_a country_n produce_v be_v put_v into_o their_o hand_n without_o account_n or_o any_o obligation_n of_o the_o quantity_n they_o be_v to_o return_v their_o word_n and_o honesty_n only_o without_o reply_n or_o appeal_v from_o their_o sentence_n be_v the_o only_a security_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o the_o oar_n have_v yield_v and_o it_o have_v need_n be_v a_o strong_a security_n when_o the_o violent_a incitation_n of_o private_a interest_n be_v to_o deceive_v he_o therefore_o that_o live_v continual_o among_o these_o occasion_n have_v need_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o christian_a lest_o have_v his_o finger_n perpetual_o knead_v in_o the_o paste_n a_o good_a deal_n do_v not_o stick_v unto_o they_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o circumspection_n in_o choose_v this_o officer_n for_o no_o mischief_n that_o hinder_v the_o refine_v of_o oar_n or_o extravagant_a consumption_n or_o loss_n of_o quicksilver_n can_v occasion_v so_o great_a prejudice_n as_o a_o refiner_n of_o a_o wicked_a conscience_n neither_o yet_o be_v it_o alone_o sufficient_a that_o his_o manner_n be_v good_a if_o he_o want_v the_o knowledge_n necessary_a to_o the_o art_n of_o refine_v he_o ought_v to_o know_v all_o sort_n of_o metal_n their_o quality_n and_o difference_n which_o of_o they_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o quicksilver_n and_o which_o for_o melt_v if_o there_o be_v conveniency_n for_o it_o he_o shall_v know_v the_o disease_n also_o that_o infect_v metal_n and_o the_o way_n of_o clear_v they_o the_o accident_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o refine_v in_o great_a and_o in_o little_a and_o in_o no_o case_n let_v he_o be_v admit_v for_o a_o refiner_n that_o do_v not_o well_o understand_v how_o to_o make_v the_o lesser_a ensay_n by_o the_o fire_n of_o oar_n that_o be_v ground_n to_o powder_n before_o the_o metal_n be_v incorporate_v together_o that_o so_o he_o may_v know_v certain_o how_o much_o silver_n ought_v to_o be_v get_v out_o of_o that_o oar_n and_o he_o shall_v never_o give_v over_o make_v trial_n until_o he_o have_v obtain_v it_o the_o want_n of_o this_o one_o care_n have_v cost_v this_o kingdom_n abundance_n of_o money_n and_o be_v of_o great_a prejudice_n to_o it_o even_o at_o this_o day_n two_o experiment_n whereof_o i_o shall_v relate_v which_o have_v pass_v through_o my_o hand_n that_o you_o may_v the_o better_a estimate_n the_o importance_n of_o this_o advice_n a_o few_o year_n ago_o when_o i_o live_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o lip_n in_o a_o parish_n which_o they_o call_v xauquegua_n a_o miner_n have_v wrought_v a_o vein_n out_o of_o which_o he_o draw_v a_o quantity_n of_o very_a rich_a metal_n although_o he_o know_v it_o not_o he_o ensay_v it_o by_o quicksilver_n and_o find_v it_o to_o contain_v four_o or_o five_o piece_n of_o eight_o the_o quintal_n and_o at_o that_o rate_n refine_v it_o all_o by_o the_o great_a at_o length_n they_o desert_v the_o mine_n for_o be_v of_o little_a profit_n afterward_o a_o indian_a carry_v i_o to_o the_o place_n i_o find_v metal_n in_o the_o mould_v that_o be_v draw_v out_o and_o also_o in_o the_o vein_n which_o have_v not_o be_v much_o wrought_v i_o ensay_v it_o by_o the_o fire_n and_o find_v it_o to_o contain_v 900_o piece_n of_o eight_o the_o quintal_n although_o by_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o quicksilver_n it_o yield_v
but_o four_o or_o five_o i_o discover_v this_o vein_n to_o the_o magistrate_n call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o nuestra_n senora_n de_fw-fr begomia_fw-la they_o build_v a_o mill_n present_o near_o it_o and_o abundance_n of_o miner_n flock_v thereupon_o and_o have_v get_v thence_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o mountain_n of_o santa_n juana_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n of_o berenguela_fw-mi de_fw-fr pacage_n they_o get_v a_o metal_n like_a unto_o soroche_n which_o by_o the_o ordinary_a ensay_n with_o quicksilver_n appear_v scarce_o to_o have_v any_o silver_n at_o all_o in_o it_o whereupon_o the_o miner_n utter_o desert_v it_o until_o a_o priest_n a_o friend_n of_o i_o send_v i_o some_o piece_n thereof_o unto_o oruro_n which_o i_o ensay_v and_o find_v they_o to_o contain_v 60_o piece_n of_o eight_o the_o quintal_n by_o my_o advice_n he_o dig_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o that_o metal_n be_v laugh_v at_o by_o the_o neighbour_n while_o he_o be_v at_o work_n to_o so_o little_a purpose_n as_o they_o think_v but_o afterward_o much_o more_o envy_v by_o they_o for_o the_o great_a riches_n he_o have_v get_v chap._n iii_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o metal_n and_o the_o difference_n there_o be_v of_o they_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o teach_v those_o that_o have_v not_o be_v acquaint_v with_o metal_n how_o to_o know_v they_o by_o the_o sight_n because_o there_o be_v so_o great_a diversity_n of_o they_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o stone_n in_o one_o mine_n that_o resemble_v stone_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n in_o another_o mine_n no_o nor_o oftentimes_o of_o the_o same_o mine_n itself_o nevertheless_o the_o miner_n reduce_v these_o difference_n unto_o three_o general_a head_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v 1._o paco_n 2._o mulatos_n and_o 3._o negrillos_fw-la paco_n in_o the_o general_a language_n of_o this_o country_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o such_o more_o or_o less_o be_v the_o stone_n which_o they_o call_v metal_n paco_n although_o in_o berengula_fw-la de_fw-fr pacage_n they_o call_v the_o green_a metal_n of_o copper_n by_o the_o same_o name_n which_o also_o in_o these_o province_n they_o give_v to_o metal_n of_o any_o colour_n in_o contra-distinction_n to_o metal_n that_o shine_v like_o steel_n or_o glass_n and_o another_o sort_n which_o they_o call_v negrillo_n mulatos_n be_v a_o colour_n between_o the_o paco_n and_o negrillo_n and_o in_o the_o mine_n metal_n of_o that_o colour_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o same_o order_n it_o be_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n and_o ordinary_o accompany_v with_o some_o of_o the_o margagita_n there_o be_v less_o of_o this_o metal_n than_o of_o the_o two_o other_o sort_n the_o negrillo_n have_v be_v discover_v by_o and_o take_v their_o name_n from_o their_o colour_n although_o all_o black_a metal_n be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o that_o name_n la_fw-fr tacana_n a_o rich_a metal_n and_o usual_o black_a although_o there_o be_v of_o it_o grey_n and_o ash-coloured_n which_o they_o call_v lipta_fw-la belong_v to_o the_o metal_n paco_n as_o also_o do_v the_o lead_n for_o so_o they_o call_v the_o silver_n oar_n which_o oftentimes_o be_v black_a grey_z ash-coloured_n green_n white_a and_o orange_n tawny_a which_o they_o call_v suco_fw-la and_o this_o last_o year_n in_o the_o mountain_n of_o potosi_n there_o be_v find_v of_o it_o of_o a_o bright_a lively_a cinnamon_n colour_n or_o very_o fine_a vermilion_n a_o thing_n which_o have_v not_o be_v see_v in_o any_o other_o mine_n the_o soroche_n may_v constitute_v a_o four_o order_n of_o metal_n but_o i_o agree_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o other_o that_o will_v have_v they_o rank_v under_o the_o name_n of_o negrillos_n to_o which_o also_o belong_v the_o rosicler_n the_o rich_a metal_n that_o nature_n have_v produce_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o stone_n it_o be_v shine_v and_o brittle_a and_o the_o powder_n of_o it_o beat_v fine_a with_o any_o hard_a thing_n be_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o pure_a blood_n it_o be_v very_o like_a unto_o cinabrio_n or_o that_o vermilion_a which_o be_v make_v of_o quicksilver_n and_o sulphur_n which_o give_v a_o good_a hint_n for_o the_o find_v out_o of_o divers_a other_o great_a secret_n cochico_n be_v also_o of_o the_o same_o kind_a a_o very_a rich_a metal_n massy_n but_o neither_o so_o brittle_a nor_o spongy_a as_o the_o rosicler_n be_v but_o it_o be_v more_o full_a of_o lead_n and_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o beat_v to_o powder_n nor_o give_v so_o perfect_a a_o blood_n colour_n soroche_n tacana_n polvorilla_n rosicler_n cochico_n and_o negrillo_n be_v distinguish_v one_o from_o another_o in_o the_o manner_n follow_v the_o soroche_n be_v black_a or_o ash-coloured_n either_o shine_a or_o without_o any_o lustre_n which_o they_o call_v dead_a oar_n of_o lead_n and_o common_o contain_v some_o silver_n the_o tacana_n be_v silver_n oar_n close_o compact_v of_o a_o black_a colour_n without_o any_o shine_a at_o all_o polvorilla_n be_v tacana_n not_o congeal_v nor_o stony_a but_o be_v rich_a in_o that_o oar_n they_o call_v paco_n but_o in_o the_o negrillos_fw-la not_o so_o much_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o mixture_n of_o copper_n that_o it_o have_v the_o rosicler_n and_o cochico_n be_v silver_n oar_n with_o that_o same_o varnish_n which_o hide_v its_o own_o proper_a colour_n and_o shine_v whereby_o it_o differ_v from_o the_o tacana_n that_o which_o predominate_v in_o the_o negrillos_fw-la be_v copper_n either_o actual_a or_o else_o virtual_a in_o the_o copperas_n wherewith_o it_o abound_v it_o always_o contain_v silver_n more_o or_o less_o and_o be_v usual_o accompany_v with_o the_o margagita_n the_o black_a metal_n which_o feel_v like_o lead_n and_o be_v smooth_a which_o make_v as_o it_o be_v leave_n of_o tree_n or_o feather_n contain_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o alcohol_n or_o antimony_n which_o in_o some_o part_n they_o call_v macacote_n and_o but_o little_a silver_n those_o negrillo_n which_o have_v lustre_n like_o polish_a steel_n or_o looking-glass_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v espejado_n and_o acerado_n be_v the_o rich_a the_o near_o they_o approach_v unto_o the_o rosicler_n and_o cochico_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o sort_n of_o oar_n and_o the_o proper_a manner_n of_o refine_v each_o of_o they_o the_o skill_n of_o extract_v all_o the_o silver_n out_o of_o any_o oar_n begin_v to_o be_v exercise_v in_o the_o pick_n and_o sort_v of_o the_o oar_n together_o the_o want_n of_o care_n in_o sort_v oar_n from_o stone_n that_o have_v no_o oar_n in_o they_o as_o also_o the_o oar_n of_o one_o sort_n of_o metal_n from_o another_o have_v occasion_v much_o damage_n the_o least_o inconvenience_n have_v be_v in_o the_o use_n of_o quicksilver_n a_o quantity_n whereof_o be_v lose_v together_o with_o grind_v and_o other_o charge_n about_o that_o which_o be_v no_o metal_n the_o great_a inconvenience_n have_v be_v where_o there_o be_v metal_n the_o fail_v to_o get_v out_o all_o the_o silver_n because_o they_o have_v jumble_v together_o oar_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o use_v but_o one_o manner_n of_o refine_v whereas_o those_o metal_n require_v a_o different_a way_n of_o handle_v and_o time_n to_o ensay_n that_o metal_n by_o quicksilver_n that_o require_v the_o fire_n be_v to_o destroy_v it_o to_o put_v that_o metal_n in_o the_o furnace_n which_o be_v not_o to_o run_v be_v to_o endamage_v the_o metal_n and_o to_o get_v no_o profit_n at_o all_o and_o although_o the_o several_a oar_n be_v proper_o assign_v some_o to_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o some_o to_o the_o fire_n yet_o they_o have_v their_o difference_n of_o be_v easy_a or_o hard_a to_o be_v refine_v according_a as_o they_o concur_v or_o differ_v in_o the_o remedy_n that_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v use_v for_o that_o purpose_n the_o oar_n which_o they_o call_v paco_n that_o shine_v or_o sparkle_v not_o at_o all_o be_v proper_a for_o quicksilver_n the_o tacana_n also_o may_v be_v refine_v by_o quicksilver_n but_o because_o it_o be_v so_o very_o rich_a oar_n lest_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v clean_o extract_v but_o part_n of_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o dross_n it_o be_v better_a to_o melt_v it_o in_o a_o bath_n of_o lead_n that_o oar_n which_o contain_v silver_n in_o it_o yet_o they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o lead_n oar_n if_o it_o be_v over_o gross_a will_v neither_o grind_v well_o nor_o cleave_v fast_o to_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o be_v best_a to_o be_v melt_v together_o with_o the_o tacana_n the_o most_o proper_a way_n of_o deal_n with_o the_o oar_n they_o call_v machacado_fw-it be_v the_o hammer_n the_o soroche_n need_v the_o fire_n the_o rosocler_n and_o cochico_n be_v to_o be_v melt_v like_o the_o tacana_n the_o negrillo_n require_v both_o fire_n and_o quicksilver_n for_o they_o prepare_v all_o the_o oar_n of_o that_o kind_n by_o the_o fire_n for_o the_o quicksilver_n by_o
i_o learn_v the_o manner_n of_o do_v this_o from_o one_o that_o have_v get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n by_o grind_v the_o lump_n over_o again_o although_o he_o do_v not_o take_v out_o all_o the_o plate_n because_o he_o ground_n they_o in_o a_o ordinary_a mill_n who_o hammer_n can_v not_o beat_v it_o so_o small_a as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v for_o the_o lump_n either_o slip_v away_o from_o under_o the_o hammer_n or_o be_v uneven_a one_o defend_v the_o other_o from_o the_o stroke_n to_o have_v good_a sives_z and_o care_n in_o lift_v they_o up_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o this_o matter_n but_o not_o a_o full_a remedy_n after_o the_o wash_n of_o the_o oar_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v of_o rich_a metal_n be_v the_o best_a gather_v up_o of_o lump_n to_o regrind_v if_o they_o burn_v the_o lump_n they_o will_v yield_v more_o flour_n because_o some_o of_o the_o lump_n will_v calcine_v and_o be_v smooth_a and_o other_o will_v swell_v and_o grow_v more_o spongy_a whereby_o the_o blow_n of_o the_o hammer_n will_v have_v better_a effect_n upon_o they_o i_o do_v use_v another_o way_n of_o preparation_n by_o boil_v as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o which_o i_o do_v hold_v more_o proper_a to_o be_v use_v in_o all_o refination_n by_o quicksilver_n put_v the_o oar_n ground_n and_o searse_v into_o a_o skillet_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o if_o it_o be_v already_o incorporate_v with_o quicksilver_n and_o ready_a for_o wash_v then_o pour_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n upon_o it_o stir_v it_o with_o a_o ladle_n or_o hand-mill_n whereby_o all_o the_o fine_a will_v swim_v a_o top_n and_o the_o gross_a and_o ill_a ground_n will_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n take_v away_o the_o fine_a with_o a_o ladle_n put_v it_o in_o the_o melt_a pot_n and_o boil_v it_o grind_v the_o grosser_n part_n again_o in_o a_o mill_n or_o a_o mortar_n until_o it_o become_v all_o meal_n if_o i_o desire_v to_o make_v a_o xove_v of_o the_o fine_a sort_n after_o the_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o refine_n i_o must_v mingle_v some_o pure_a sand_n therewith_o that_o it_o may_v swell_v and_o want_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o that_o kind_n of_o oar_n use_v to_o be_v accompany_v withal_o chap._n vii_o touch_v the_o burn_a of_o oar._n the_o burn_v of_o oar_n be_v useful_a for_o two_o purpose_n viz._n 1._o that_o it_o may_v grind_v the_o better_a 2._o that_o it_o may_v be_v in_o better_a disposition_n for_o the_o quicksilver_n to_o lay_v hold_n of_o and_o incorporate_v itself_o with_o the_o silver_n that_o be_v in_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o first_o be_v plain_a and_o the_o experience_n of_o the_o latter_a since_o they_o order_v all_o the_o negrillo_n or_o black_a oar_n in_o that_o manner_n but_o general_o not_o understand_v the_o reason_n thereof_o and_o certain_o in_o all_o the_o art_n of_o refine_n nothing_o be_v practise_v so_o much_o by_o guess_n or_o chance_n and_o without_o know_v the_o ground_n of_o it_o as_o this_o be_v refiner_n will_v say_v they_o burn_v the_o oar_n to_o clear_v it_o of_o ill_a quality_n not_o apprehend_v that_o thence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o by_o fire_n enough_o they_o shall_v quite_o cleanse_v and_o purify_v it_o whereas_o the_o contrary_a be_v find_v by_o experience_n and_o that_o according_a as_o they_o burn_v it_o more_o the_o worse_o condition_v be_v the_o oar_n and_o needs_o the_o help_n of_o some_o other_o material_a to_o prevent_v that_o all_o the_o silver_n and_o quicksilver_n too_o that_o be_v in_o it_o be_v not_o lose_v there_o be_v but_o one_o enemy_n natural_o opposite_a unto_o quicksilver_n as_o have_v be_v say_v already_o and_o that_o be_v the_o copperas_n and_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o only_o useless_a for_o the_o vanquish_a that_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o multiply_v and_o increase_v it_o and_o if_o the_o oar_n have_v no_o copperas_n in_o it_o when_o it_o be_v put_v into_o the_o fire_n the_o fire_n will_v beget_v and_o produce_v it_o as_o may_v easy_o be_v see_v by_o experiment_n in_o the_o burn_a of_o negrillos_n or_o black_a oar_n in_o which_o the_o fire_n increase_v the_o copperas_n so_o much_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o use_v other_o material_n in_o the_o burn_a of_o it_o to_o repair_v that_o damage_n although_o if_o they_o have_v thorough_o understand_v this_o matter_n they_o may_v have_v cheap_a and_o easy_a do_v it_o by_o wash_v the_o oar_n as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o until_o it_o be_v clear_v of_o all_o the_o copperas_n the_o ignorance_n of_o which_o remedy_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a waste_n and_o loss_n other_o disease_n of_o oar_n do_v not_o direct_o injure_v the_o quicksilver_n only_o by_o the_o varnish_n and_o glassy_a quality_n which_o they_o give_v they_o hinder_v the_o plate_n and_o quicksilver_n from_o incorporate_n and_o make_v a_o mass_n together_o and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n in_o this_o case_n be_v to_o burn_v the_o oar_n so_o long_o until_o it_o change_v colour_n and_o lose_v the_o lustre_n and_o sparkle_a that_o it_o have_v to_o know_v the_o oar_n that_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v burn_v if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v refine_v by_o quicksilver_n the_o lustre_n and_o shine_a aforesaid_a be_v a_o certain_a sign_n the_o fire_n will_v not_o prejudice_v that_o oar_n they_o call_v paco_n and_o if_o it_o have_v any_o mixture_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a impediment_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v burn_v chap._n viii_o touch_v the_o damage_n that_o result_v from_o the_o burn_a of_o oar._n man_n have_v hitherto_o proceed_v by_o chance_n as_o it_o be_v and_o without_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n contain_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o oar_n have_v judge_v he_o the_o best_a refiner_n that_o have_v get_v most_o silver_n by_o one_o operation_n leave_v it_o doubtful_a whether_o any_o more_o or_o no_o be_v to_o be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o oar_n especial_o in_o the_o negrillos_fw-la and_o oar_n that_o can_v be_v excuse_v from_o burn_a this_o doubt_n have_v be_v great_a there_o be_v less_o certainty_n here_o where_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v much_o the_o great_a and_o from_o hence_o man_n have_v find_v no_o less_o inconvenience_n by_o mistake_v on_o the_o one_o hand_n than_o on_o the_o other_o wherefore_o this_o manner_n of_o preparation_n have_v be_v esteem_v as_o dangerous_a as_o profitable_a with_o skill_n and_o curiosity_n one_o may_v observe_v many_o wonder_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o burn_a of_o oar_n the_o part_n of_o iron_n and_o brimstone_n which_o common_o accompany_v the_o oar_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o fire_n be_v convert_v into_o vitriol_n or_o green_a copperas_n this_o afterward_o be_v turn_v into_o fine_a copper_n again_o the_o copper_n calcine_v dissolve_v in_o water_n like_o salt_n the_o which_o strain_v and_o evaporate_v by_o a_o gentle_a heat_n coagulate_v into_o another_o kind_n of_o vitriol_n or_o blue_a copperas_n like_v unto_o that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o stone_n lip_n and_o be_v of_o admirable_a virtue_n for_o the_o turn_n of_o almost_o all_o metal_n into_o copper_n the_o purity_n of_o silver_n itself_o do_v not_o excuse_v it_o from_o be_v subject_n to_o such_o a_o metamorphosis_n for_o if_o the_o oar_n have_v in_o it_o any_o alum_n copperas_n saltpetre_n or_o nitre_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n they_o will_v calcine_v the_o silver_n so_o that_o it_o will_v dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o not_o be_v lay_v hold_v on_o by_o quicksilver_n without_o use_v some_o new_a artifice_n and_o even_o salt_n alone_o as_o it_o grow_v incorporate_v in_o the_o oar_n or_o mingle_v with_o it_o in_o the_o fire_n be_v capable_a of_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o shall_v appear_v evident_o in_o the_o follow_a experiment_n chap._n ix_o experiment_n which_o prove_v the_o damage_n by_o the_o burn_a of_o oar_n if_o they_o be_v not_o know_v and_o remedy_v grin_v a_o piece_n of_o oar_n that_o have_v copper_n or_o iron_n in_o it_o and_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n try_v if_o there_o be_v any_o copperas_n in_o it_o and_o if_o there_o be_v clear_v the_o oar_n of_o it_o by_o wash_v of_o it_o and_o after_o it_o be_v dry_a burn_v it_o well_o and_o put_v it_o into_o water_n again_o and_o you_o shall_v see_v much_o copperas_n anew_o produce_v by_o the_o fire_n the_o refiner_n daily_o do_v this_o with_o their_o hand_n although_o they_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o it_o and_o although_o this_o experiment_n be_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v every_o body_n yet_o for_o great_a confirmation_n of_o this_o secret_a to_o grind_v oar_n of_o copper_n or_o iron_n and_o melt_v it_o into_o thin_a plate_n and_o grind_v some_o sulphur_n and_o in_o a_o crusiple_n or_o earthen_a pot_n unglaze_v put_v a_o lare_fw-la of_o that_o sulphur_n and_o upon_o that_o lie_v
the_o bottom_n contain_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o metal_n intend_v to_o be_v clear_v at_o one_o time_n set_v it_o upon_o a_o trevet_n of_o strong_a earthen_a be_v or_o of_o iron_n case_v with_o earth_n in_o a_o furnace_n of_o sufficient_a bigness_n to_o put_v wood_n or_o coal_n under_o it_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v at_o a_o mouth_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o furnace_n both_o the_o top_n bottom_n and_o side_n be_v to_o be_v very_o close_o except_v one_o little_a hole_n at_o the_o top_n where_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v most_o convenient_a to_o give_v respiration_n dispose_v the_o vessel_n aforesaid_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o cannon_n in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o use_v quicksilver_n so_o that_o it_o may_v look_v out_o above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o furnace_n one_o large_a finger_n breadth_n or_o two_o that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o join_v with_o another_o vessel_n to_o be_v put_v a_o top_n of_o it_o which_o may_v serve_v instead_o of_o the_o caperuca_n put_v the_o pellet_n or_o mettle_n aforesaid_a well_o knead_v together_o in_o cake_n of_o what_o form_n you_o please_v into_o the_o vessel_n and_o lest_o the_o plate_n shall_v melt_v and_o stick_v to_o the_o iron_n vessel_n let_v it_o have_v a_o thin_a coat_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o earthen_a ware_n or_o such_o as_o crusibles_fw-fr be_v make_v of_o cover_v this_o vessel_n with_o a_o large_a limbeck_n head_n make_v of_o hammer_v iron_n or_o copper_n or_o of_o very_o good_a earthen_a ware_n well_o glaze_v and_o out_o of_o it_o draw_v a_o long_a pipe_n a_o little_a slope_v the_o cavity_n whereof_o in_o the_o narrow_a place_n namely_o the_o extremity_n let_v be_v no_o lesser_a than_o the_o bigness_n of_o one_o little_a finger_n let_v the_o join_n of_o the_o limbeck_n with_o the_o vessel_n below_o it_o be_v stop_v very_o close_o with_o galt_z then_o in_o a_o secure_a place_n that_o do_v not_o feel_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o furnace_n let_v there_o be_v place_v a_o great_a vessel_n of_o stone_n or_o of_o other_o matter_n full_a of_o cold_a water_n whereinto_o let_v the_o nose_n of_o the_o limbeck_n enter_v two_o finger_n breadth_n blow_v up_o the_o fire_n in_o the_o furnace_n from_o which_o the_o quicksilver_n fly_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o limbeck_n the_o coolness_n whereof_o present_o reduce_v it_o into_o a_o body_n again_o which_o run_v down_o through_o the_o nose_n into_o the_o vessel_n of_o water_n aforesaid_a the_o limbeck_n shall_v now_o and_o then_o be_v cool_v on_o the_o outside_n with_o wet_a clothes_n and_o the_o water_n into_o which_o the_o quicksilver_n fall_v as_o it_o become_v warm_a shall_v have_v more_o fresh_a water_n add_v to_o it_o a._n the_o deep_a vessel_n of_o iron_n or_o copper_n b._n the_o head_n of_o the_o limbeck_n c._n the_o nose_n of_o it_o d._n a_o trevet_n e._n a_o basin_n or_o vessel_n of_o water_n to_o receive_v the_o quicksilver_n in_o f._n the_o furnace_n g._n the_o mouth_n of_o it_o h._n the_o hole_n to_o draw_v out_o the_o ash_n at_o lib_fw-la 2_o pag._n 88_o i._o a_o hole_n open_a at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o furnace_n whereat_o the_o deep_a iron_n vessel_n look_v out_o a_o little_a and_o be_v join_v to_o the_o limbeck_n k._n be_v a_o chimney_n to_o let_v out_o smoke_n and_o give_v respiration_n to_o the_o fire_n here_o place_v the_o picture_n and_o the_o verse_n the_o trouble_n and_o hazard_v of_o keep_v they_o close_o in_o the_o joint_n with_o clay_n or_o galt_z may_v be_v excuse_v by_o make_v of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o shut_v one_o upon_o the_o other_o a_o handful_n and_o a_o half_a high_o or_o if_o to_o that_o size_n of_o they_o that_o be_v now_o in_o use_n they_o put_v at_o the_o bottom_n on_o the_o outside_n and_o fill_v it_o of_o two_o finger_n broad_a so_o that_o the_o low_a vessel_n may_v come_v up_o very_o close_o upon_o it_o and_o can_v enter_v further_o into_o it_o a_o little_a low_o than_o the_o caperucas_n come_v be_v place_v the_o candlestick_n foot_n as_o they_o call_v it_o whereupon_o they_o set_v the_o plate_n and_o the_o pine_n apple_n the_o candlestick_n foot_n come_v up_o about_o four_o finger_n high_a than_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o low_a vessel_n which_o they_o call_v the_o cannon_n in_o the_o which_o on_o the_o one_o side_n four_o or_o six_o finger_n low_a than_o the_o fire_n use_v to_o be_v enter_v in_o a_o small_a pipe_n of_o cold_a water_n at_o a_o hole_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o the_o cannon_n without_o disturb_v the_o caperuca_n at_o all_o because_o it_o be_v not_o to_o go_v in_o strait_a but_o with_o a_o little_a liberty_n over_o against_o this_o hole_n there_o be_v such_o another_o out_o of_o which_o run_v as_o much_o water_n as_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o former_a whereby_o the_o canon_n be_v always_o keep_v full_a and_o the_o water_n in_o good_a temper_n to_o receive_v the_o quicksilver_n without_o any_o prejudice_n if_o one_o separate_v the_o quicksilver_n by_o the_o limbeck_n they_o may_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n clap_v a_o ring_n of_o copper_n of_o two_o finger_n breadth_n and_o other_o two_o finger_n deep_a to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o low_a vessel_n so_o that_o the_o other_o vessel_n may_v easy_o be_v let_v in_o and_o out_o wherein_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v to_o be_v save_v into_o this_o circle_n the_o limbeck_n must_v be_v fit_v and_o to_o prevent_v its_o be_v blow_v off_o with_o the_o force_n of_o the_o vapour_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n the_o limbeck_n must_v be_v keep_v down_o with_o weight_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o or_o tie_v it_o to_o some_o other_o fix_a thing_n or_o make_v a_o ring_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o limbeck_n pass_v a_o bar_n of_o iron_n through_o it_o both_o end_n whereof_o afterward_o remain_v fix_v in_o two_o wall_n build_v on_o each_o side_n of_o it_o for_o that_o purpose_n finis_fw-la finis_fw-la finis_fw-la a_o usual_a practice_n among_o the_o miner_n in_o that_o country_n botijuela_fw-mi be_v a_o spanish_a vessel_n which_o contain_v about_o a_o gallon_n