may_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n charge_n either_o in_o the_o front_n or_o rear_n in_o front_n and_o rear_n also_o in_o front_n rear_n and_o flank_n and_o of_o these_o i_o shall_v demonstrate_v some_o that_o i_o at_o first_o learn_v and_o some_o among_o other_o that_o be_v most_o convenient_a to_o be_v learn_v now_o that_o the_o soldier_n may_v be_v expert_a in_o his_o firing_n against_o the_o enemy_n let_v he_o be_v often_o exercise_v with_o firing_n only_o in_o the_o pan_n fall_v off_o and_o on_o as_o shall_v be_v command_v all_o which_o be_v well_o perform_v by_o the_o musquetteer_n be_v a_o full_a accomplishment_n of_o what_o have_v be_v before_o teach_v he_o by_o which_o the_o commander_n shall_v be_v credit_v and_o the_o soldier_n prefer_v to_o his_o merit_n of_o fire_v by_o forlorn_a file_n 1._o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v use_v in_o our_o modern_a exercise_n be_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n the_o two_o outmost_a file_n of_o each_o flank_n of_o musquetteer_n to_o 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whilst_o the_o file-leader_n be_v fire_v shall_v march_v up_o and_o place_v themselves_o even_o with_o the_o second_o rank_n and_o when_o they_o have_v fire_v the_o bringers-up_a be_v to_o step_v before_o they_o and_o immediate_o to_o present_v and_o give_v fire_n and_o when_o the_o rest_n have_v follow_v their_o bringers-up_a and_o fire_v once_o over_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o file-leader_n fire_n twice_o battle_n both_o produce_v the_o horn_n battle_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o and_o so_o stand_v the_o pike_n be_v to_o march_v up_o even_o with_o the_o front_n of_o musquetteer_n as_o in_o the_o former_a direction_n and_o they_o be_v reduce_v extraductive_a extraductive_a 17._o fire_v there_o have_v be_v in_o use_n two_o extraductive_a firing_n i_o shall_v speak_v but_o of_o one_o which_o be_v allow_v somewhat_o useful_a especial_o in_o narrow_a passage_n and_o in_o case_n your_o enemy_n be_v too_o powerful_a either_o in_o horse_n or_o foot_n that_o then_o the_o passage_n may_v be_v fill_v up_o with_o the_o pike_n but_o if_o your_o pike_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o do_v it_o as_o you_o will_v perceive_v by_o my_o figure_n then_o double_a your_o rank_n let_v your_o pike_n be_v in_o such_o posture_n and_o motion_n according_o as_o occasion_n shall_v offer_v itself_o command_n musquetteer_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n then_o face_n inward_a and_o close_o your_o division_n for_o the_o pike_n command_v they_o to_o double_v their_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o half_a file_n double_v their_o front_n to_o the_o right_n to_o perform_v this_o command_n the_o first_o rank_n of_o musquetteer_n next_o after_o the_o pike_n face_n to_o the_o right_n then_o to_o march_v forth_o file-wise_a close_o up_o by_o the_o right_a flank_n of_o pike_n and_o when_o the_o leader_n be_v advance_v into_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n he_o be_v to_o lead_v they_o athwart_o the_o whole_a front_n of_o pike_n after_o which_o they_o be_v all_o to_o stand_v present_a and_o give_v fire_n and_o have_v fire_v they_o be_v to_o wheel_v off_o to_o the_o left_a and_o fall_v into_o the_o rear_n of_o musquetteer_n and_o whilst_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v fire_v the_o second_o be_v to_o be_v march_v so_o as_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v into_o their_o place_n to_o reduce_v they_o command_v the_o pike_n to_o advance_v six_o foot_n if_o they_o be_v double_v their_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a let_v they_o now_o double_v their_o file_n to_o the_o left_a then_o command_v i_o can_v have_v mention_v a_o great_a many_o more_o firing_n to_o the_o front_n but_o through_o my_o confinement_n to_o such_o a_o small_a number_n of_o man_n and_o not_o a_o equality_n in_o arm_n be_v complete_v can_v be_v expect_v from_o i_o must_v of_o these_o firing_n be_v solid_a and_o serviceable_a yet_o it_o can_v be_v conceive_v that_o three_o rank_n can_v make_v any_o abidement_n of_o battle_n for_o continuance_n against_o any_o enemy_n although_o sometime_o they_o may_v be_v force_v to_o be_v reduce_v into_o less_o number_n yet_o by_o show_v the_o nature_n hereof_o you_o will_v be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o manage_v a_o great_a etc._n etc._n chap._n xix_o of_o fire_v in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n and_o rear_v alone_o before_o i_o demonstrate_v the_o firing_n in_o the_o rear_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o give_v one_o figure_n of_o fire_v to_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n which_o may_v serve_v also_o for_o a_o fire_n to_o each_o flank_n when_o the_o commander_n please_v 1._o command_n front_n half_a file_n of_o musquetteer_n march_v until_o your_o bringers-up_a be_v even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n rear_v half_a file_n of_o pike_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n rear_n half_a file_n of_o musquetteer_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v until_o the_o half_a file-leader_n be_v even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o bringer_n up_o of_o pike_n for_o the_o first_o fire_v by_o this_o figure_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o rank_n upon_o each_o division_n have_v fire_v they_o be_v to_o wheel_v off_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a and_o fall_v into_o the_o rear_n of_o their_o own_o division_n and_o have_v so_o fire_v all_o over_o they_o be_v to_o wheel_v off_o and_o place_v themselves_o even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o pike_n as_o now_o they_o stand_v face_v then_o be_v face_v to_o their_o leader_n they_o be_v reduce_v this_o be_v not_o our_o drift_n of_o fire_v in_o the_o rear_n but_o if_o in_o a_o march_n a_o enemy_n eager_o pursue_v and_o assault_n then_o by_o face_v about_o and_o fire_v in_o the_o rear_n or_o by_o countermarch_v or_o wheel_v about_o and_o so_o fire_v these_o repulse_n orderly_o perform_v may_v cause_v a_o disorder_n in_o the_o pursuant_n and_o it_o be_v good_a sometime_o as_o occasion_n may_v offer_v to_o keep_v a_o enemy_n in_o play_n whilst_o he_o may_v advantage_v himself_o in_o his_o ground_n either_o for_o his_o embattlement_n or_o ambush_n or_o for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o gunns_n or_o other_o carriage_n etc._n etc._n 2._o fire_v upon_o a_o march_n the_o last_o rank_n be_v to_o face_n about_o and_o so_o to_o give_v fire_n wheel_v off_o in_o file_n by_o division_n and_o march_v up_o towards_o the_o front_n and_o place_v themselves_o before_o their_o file-leader_n 1._o observe_v that_o they_o rank_v even_o with_o the_o second_o rank_n of_o pike_n 2._o in_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o you_o will_v lose_v one_o rank_n in_o the_o front_n 3._o observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o rank_n of_o musquetteer_n be_v fire_v in_o the_o rear_n the_o next_o rank_n although_o he_o be_v march_v he_o ought_v to_o be_v prepare_v with_o his_o cock_n bend_v and_o guard_v that_o with_o his_o three_o motion_n he_o may_v next_o fire_n so_o soon_o as_o his_o precedent_a rank_n be_v wheel_v off_o 4._o although_o you_o be_v upon_o a_o march_n yet_o you_o be_v to_o fall_v one_o rank_n near_o to_o the_o rear_n that_o the_o body_n may_v be_v preserve_v entire_a 5._o observe_v further_o in_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o this_o your_o preparation_n and_o firing_n ought_v to_o be_v at_o three_o motion_n etc._n cock_n your_o match_n blow_v your_o coal_n present_v etc._n etc._n let_v the_o first_o be_v with_o the_o right_a leg_n advance_v the_o second_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n advance_v bend_v your_o cock_n then_o a_o little_a advance_n forward_o with_o the_o right_a foot_n to_o present_v and_o give_v fire_n now_o i_o give_v these_o reason_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o some_o motion_n in_o these_o firing_n to_o the_o rear_n because_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o soldier_n have_v fire_v if_o the_o last_o rank_n shall_v immediate_o face_v about_o and_o present_v etc._n etc._n there_o will_v be_v a_o
than_o for_o public_a service_n 5._o command_n give_v fire_n to_o the_o right_n and_o place_n yourselves_o even_o in_o front_n with_o the_o pike_n march_v up_o between_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o pike_n observe_v in_o the_o performance_n hereof_o the_o pike_n as_o they_o march_v be_v to_o open_v to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a and_o the_o fire_v musquetteer_n be_v to_o be_v lead_v up_o according_a to_o command_v to_o reduce_v this_o command_n 1._o pike_n to_o face_n inward_o 2._o musquetteer_n face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a outward_n 3._o pass_v all_o through_o and_o interchange_v ground_n 4._o face_n to_o your_o leader_n 6._o command_n musquetteer_n give_v fire_n to_o the_o right_n place_v yourselves_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n of_o pike_n if_o you_o will_v reduce_v this_o without_o any_o fire_n you_o may_v command_v the_o right_n half_a rank_n to_o pass_v through_o your_o rank_n of_o pike_n the_o ingenious_a may_v find_v many_o way_n for_o the_o 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pike_n close_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a inward_o and_o close_o all_o to_o the_o midst_n then_o command_v the_o front_n and_o rear_n rank_n of_o musquetteer_n file_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a inward_a face_n in_o opposition_n and_o march_n into_o your_o place_n close_v the_o whole_a body_n to_o their_o close_a order_n and_o open_v they_o again_o to_o their_o order_n evening_n of_o their_o rank_n and_o streightning_n of_o their_o file_n they_o be_v reduce_v 2._o command_v and_o direction_n musquetteer_n open_v six_o foot_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a front_v half_a file_n of_o the_o right_a flank_n of_o musquetteer_n advance_v entire_a into_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n the_o rear_n division_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n of_o musquetteer_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o double_a entire_a the_o rear_n of_o the_o pike_n the_o front_n division_n of_o musquetteer_n of_o the_o left_a face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o rear_n 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in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n and_o then_o of_o fire_v by_o rank_n and_o first_o of_o file_n fire_v in_o the_o front_n 1._o file_n fire_v in_o the_o front_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n and_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n march_v some_o distance_n before_o the_o head_n of_o the_o troop_n and_o rank_n themselves_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a inward_a and_o so_o present_a and_o give_v fire_n which_o be_v perform_v let_v they_o wheel_v off_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a outward_n into_o the_o rear_n of_o their_o first_o station_n and_o so_o set_v themselves_o in_o their_o respective_a place_n even_o with_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o body_n leave_v distance_n for_o every_o rank_a to_o march_v into_o his_o proper_a place_n after_o they_o have_v once_o fire_v over_o 2._o file_n fire_v in_o the_o rear_n when_o they_o have_v thus_o fire_v they_o be_v immediate_o to_o fall_v off_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a and_o march_v forth_o into_o their_o place_n as_o you_o observe_v in_o 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shall_v distil_v down_o from_o the_o upper_a vessel_n after_o put_v into_o the_o upper_a vessel_n about_o the_o height_n of_o a_o hand_n of_o this_o salt-peter_n earth_n which_o have_v be_v before_o for_o some_o time_n dry_v in_o the_o air_n upon_o this_o earth_n put_v the_o height_n of_o three_o or_o four_o finger_n of_o the_o mixture_n make_v of_o ash_n and_o quick_a lime_n and_o then_o again_o of_o the_o salt-peter_n earth_n after_o of_o the_o ash_n about_o the_o same_o height_n as_o before_o and_o continue_v this_o fashion_n put_v earth_n upon_o ash_n and_o ash_n upon_o earth_n until_o the_o vessel_n be_v full_a within_o a_o hand_n breadth_n at_o the_o top_n to_o hold_v the_o water_n that_o be_v put_v in_o this_o do_v put_v upon_o it_o fresh_a water_n as_o much_o as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a viz._n so_o much_o as_o must_v surmount_v the_o earth_n two_o or_o three_o finger_n breadth_n and_o look_v that_o it_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o run_v drop_n by_o drop_n through_o the_o hole_n at_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n into_o the_o tub_n stand_v under_o and_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o nitrous_a lixivium_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n as_o you_o pour_v into_o the_o vessel_n which_o if_o you_o judge_v be_v too_o little_a you_o must_v reiterate_v the_o infusion_n and_o the_o second_o time_n also_o the_o water_n pass_v through_o the_o earth_n will_v carry_v with_o it_o a_o substance_n and_o so_o the_o three_o time_n this_o do_v put_v all_o the_o lixivium_n into_o a_o kettle_n of_o a_o sufficient_a bigness_n and_o let_v it_o be_v boil_a upon_o the_o fire_n very_o easy_o and_o moderate_o at_o first_o after_o increase_v the_o fire_n to_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o liquor_n or_o a_o little_a more_o keep_v continual_o skim_v it_o all_o the_o time_n it_o boil_v and_o when_o it_o be_v thus_o consume_v pour_v it_o into_o wooden_a vessel_n that_o be_v broad_a and_o cover_v they_o over_o with_o clothes_n and_o let_v they_o stand_v until_o the_o pure_a part_n christalize_v into_o white_a salt_n and_o the_o feculent_a or_o more_o terrestrial_a part_n settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n continue_v pour_v in_o of_o the_o lixivium_n again_o into_o the_o kettle_n boil_v and_o skim_v it_o as_o before_o and_o this_o do_v until_o all_o your_o lixivium_n be_v boil_a up_o and_o pour_v into_o wooden_a vessel_n to_o christalize_v then_o from_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n incline_v they_o gentle_o pour_v all_o the_o lixivium_n leave_v the_o settle_n at_o bottom_n by_o itself_o into_o your_o copper_n as_o before_o and_o boil_v it_o up_o again_o with_o a_o good_a fire_n until_o half_o be_v consume_v or_o until_o it_o begin_v to_o thicken_v or_o until_o by_o put_v a_o little_a upon_o a_o stone_n or_o piece_n of_o board_n it_o do_v immediate_o congeal_v then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o when_o it_o be_v a_o little_a cool_v pour_v it_o as_o before_o into_o wooden_a vessel_n or_o bowl_n and_o put_v into_o each_o about_o a_o hand_n in_o height_n then_o cover_v each_o vessel_n with_o course_n clothes_n put_v it_o into_o a_o cool_a place_n and_o two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o you_o will_v find_v your_o salt-peter_n congeal_v and_o thrust_v together_o in_o small_a crystal_n like_o transparent_a ice_n stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o likewise_o upon_o some_o stick_v for_o that_o purpose_n provide_v the_o rind_n be_v take_v off_o and_o place_v in_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n before_o the_o pour_v in_o of_o the_o liquor_n get_v diligent_o together_o the_o peter_n as_o well_o that_o which_o stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n as_o that_o to_o the_o stick_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o wood_n proper_a to_o receive_v it_o and_o cover_v it_o and_o keep_v it_o dry_a the_o remain_a water_n you_o must_v boil_v up_o as_o before_z not_o forget_v to_o separate_v it_o from_o its_o residence_n whilst_o it_o be_v boil_v it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o the_o liquor_n may_v rise_v and_o boil_v over_o the_o cauldron_n to_o prevent_v that_o danger_n have_v in_o readiness_n other_o lixivium_n make_v of_o three_o part_n of_o ash_n and_o one_o part_n of_o quick_a lyme_n as_o we_o speak_v before_o in_o which_o be_v dissolve_v roch_n alum_n allow_v to_o every_o hundred_o weight_n of_o lixivium_n four_o pound_n of_o alum_n and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o rise_v pour_v in_o a_o little_a of_o this_o from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o will_v see_v that_o the_o water_n that_o be_v hasten_v to_o come_v over_o will_v fall_v down_o and_o that_o the_o common_a salt_n and_o more_o terrestrial_a part_n will_v settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o earth_n remain_v in_o the_o wooden_a tub_n from_o
whence_o the_o salt_n be_v draw_v must_v be_v put_v in_o some_o cover_a place_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n where_o neither_o sun_n rain_n nor_o any_o other_o water_n may_v come_v and_o there_o it_o must_v be_v spread_v all_o abroad_o about_o a_o foot_n high_a then_o you_o must_v have_v in_o readiness_n horse_n dung_n or_o the_o excrement_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o beast_n great_a and_o small_a and_o put_v off_o this_o upon_o the_o other_o about_o the_o height_n of_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n then_o take_v all_o that_o be_v skume_v from_o the_o lixivium_n in_o boil_v and_o the_o water_n that_o be_v leave_v and_o will_v not_o shoot_v and_o the_o bottom_n that_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n where_o the_o salt-peter_n do_v shoot_v and_o throw_v they_o away_o as_o hurtful_a and_o useless_a upon_o the_o dunghill_n throw_v likewise_o every_o day_n or_o as_o often_o as_o you_o can_v the_o urine_n of_o man_n and_o let_v it_o lie_v two_o year_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v your_o earth_n fill_v with_o salt-peter_n as_o before_o with_o a_o great_a abundance_n you_o may_v likewise_o throw_v upon_o your_o dunghill_n the_o horn_n claw_n and_o hooss_n of_o beast_n and_o then_o from_o this_o earth_n it_o will_v be_v very_o easy_a to_o draw_v good_a salt-peter_n by_o the_o method_n we_o have_v prescribe_v chap._n x._o to_o clarify_v and_o refine_v salt-peter_n take_v as_o much_o salt-peter_n as_o you_o please_v and_o be_v put_v in_o a_o copper_n pour_v upon_o it_o so_o much_o fair_a water_n as_o will_v dissolve_v it_o that_o be_v about_o eight_o of_o water_n and_o three_o of_o salt_n and_o pour_v upon_o the_o same_o of_o the_o former_a lixivium_n prepare_v of_o ash_n quick-lyme_n and_o roch_n alum_n boil_v it_o upon_o the_o fire_n until_o all_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v dissolve_v that_o be_v do_v have_v in_o readiness_n a_o vessel_n of_o wood_n sufficient_o big_a and_o so_o dispose_v that_o another_o may_v stand_v under_o the_o same_o which_o must_v before_o it_o be_v so_o set_v be_v pierce_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o the_o hole_n cover_v over_o with_o a_o earthen_a dish_n let_v the_o uppermost_a tub_n be_v fill_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n with_o fine_a clean_a sand_n then_o let_v the_o tub_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o course_n cloth_n and_o pour_v through_o the_o same_o into_o your_o sand-tub_n your_o dissolve_a salt-peter_n and_o so_o it_o will_v distil_v by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o the_o vessel_n which_o stand_v under_o and_o so_o pass_v through_o the_o sand_n it_o will_v be_v discharge_v of_o all_o its_o superfluity_n and_o will_v leave_v the_o most_o terrestrial_a part_n and_o such_o as_o be_v useless_a in_o the_o sand_n which_o water_n again_o put_v into_o the_o cauldron_n and_o boil_v it_o up_o as_o former_o until_o it_o may_v be_v fit_a to_o congeal_v and_o in_o the_o end_n pour_fw-fr it_o into_o wooden_a long_a flat_a vessel_n as_o before_o and_o in_o two_o or_o three_o day_n it_o will_v be_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n as_o former_o which_o if_o you_o will_v have_v pure_a you_o must_v reiterate_v this_o work_n once_o more_o or_o you_o may_v put_v upon_o this_o peter_n lyme-water_n filter_n it_o and_o boil_v it_o up_o according_a to_o art_n and_o it_o will_v be_v pure_a salt-peter_n may_v be_v purify_v thus_o put_v your_o salt-peter_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o copper_n iron_n or_o vernished_a earth_n i_o like_v a_o crucible_n best_o which_o be_v put_v to_o a_o small_a fire_n augment_v it_o gradual_o until_o all_o the_o salt_n be_v melt_v and_o boil_v then_o take_v common_a sulphur_n fine_o pulverize_v and_o throw_v it_o upon_o the_o liquified_a salt-peter_n which_o will_v quick_o take_v fire_n and_o burn_v and_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n consume_v all_o the_o gross_a and_o viscous_a humour_n with_o the_o terrestrial_a salt_n remain_v useless_a among_o the_o salt-peter_n before_o the_o rectification_n beside_o you_o may_v reiterate_v this_o work_n by_o put_v on_o fresh_a sulphur_n many_o time_n until_o such_o time_n all_o the_o strange_a humour_n be_v quite_o consume_v in_o the_o end_n the_o salt-peter_n be_v well_o melt_v and_o well_o purify_v pour_v it_o upon_o well_o polish_a marble_n or_o plate_n of_o iron_n or_o copper_n or_o glaze_v earth_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v and_o you_o will_v have_v a_o salt-peter_n congeal_v almost_o resemble_v in_o colour_n and_o hardness_n the_o true_a alabaster_n chap._n xi_o how_o salt-peter_n meal_n be_v make_v without_o any_o beat_n for_o the_o make_n of_o gunpowder_n salt-peter_n well_o purify_v must_v be_v put_v in_o a_o kettle_n upon_o a_o furnace_n over_o a_o fire_n then_o moderate_o increase_v the_o fire_n with_o bellows_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n until_o it_o begin_v to_o smoke_n and_o evaporate_v until_o the_o salt_n begin_v to_o lose_v its_o humidity_n and_o obtain_v a_o whiteness_n and_o so_o keep_v continual_o stir_v it_o with_o a_o wooden_a or_o iron_n ladle_n for_o fear_v it_o shall_v return_v into_o its_o pristine_a form_n and_o hereby_o will_v be_v take_v away_o all_o its_o fatty_a greasiness_n that_o may_v be_v commix_v this_o be_v do_v pour_v so_o much_o water_n into_o the_o kettle_n as_o will_v cover_v the_o salt-peter_n and_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v dissolve_v and_o it_o have_v obtain_v the_o consistence_n of_o a_o thick_a liquor_n then_o with_o a_o wooden_a stick_n or_o ladle_n keep_v continual_o stir_v it_o without_o any_o intermission_n until_o all_o its_o humidity_n be_v evaporate_v and_o all_o be_v reduce_v into_o most_o dry_a white_a meal_n chap._n xii_o to_o make_v salt-peter_n with_o the_o flower_n of_o old_a wall_n of_o cave_n cellar_n vault_n etc._n etc._n gather_v together_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o this_o flower_n which_o you_o may_v find_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o old_a wall_n which_o be_v in_o moist_a place_n under_o the_o earth_n you_o may_v also_o make_v provision_n with_o a_o certain_a salt_n which_o stick_v to_o lyme_n or_o upon_o ruinate_a wall_n which_o peter_n one_o sardi_n a_o roman_a take_v notice_n of_o be_v always_o well_o practise_v at_o brussels_n in_o brabant_n as_o he_o confess_v in_o his_o five_o book_n of_o artillery_n chap._n 49._o first_o see_v how_o much_o salt-peter_n matter_n you_o have_v then_o take_v one_o four_o part_n so_o much_o of_o quick_a lyme_n pour_v upon_o it_o warm_a water_n boil_v it_o well_o and_o clarify_v it_o according_a to_o custom_n than_o put_v your_o salt-peter_n matter_n into_o a_o tub_n with_o a_o tap_n in_o it_o and_o a_o little_a earthen_a dish_n before_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o tap_n within_o pour_v into_o this_o tub_n the_o lie_n and_o stir_v it_o well_o with_o a_o stick_n until_o all_o the_o salt_n peter_n be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n then_o let_v it_o distil_v leisurely_o into_o a_o vessel_n that_o stand_v under_o the_o tap_n and_o at_o last_o be_v all_o dissolve_a and_o run_v out_o put_v this_o water_n into_o a_o kettle_n and_o boil_v it_o over_o the_o fire_n until_o so_o much_o be_v consume_v that_o the_o remainder_n be_v drop_v upon_o a_o tyle-stone_n or_o board_n do_v congeal_v and_o be_v of_o hardness_n but_o not_o too_o hard_a for_o if_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a the_o water_n be_v burn_v but_o if_o too_o soft_a not_o enough_o when_o it_o be_v well_o boil_a and_o scummed_a take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o proceed_v with_o it_o as_o in_o the_o ten_o and_o eleven_o chapter_n chap._n xiii_o how_o to_o examine_v the_o goodness_n of_o salt-peter_n put_v upon_o a_o wooden_a table_n or_o any_o clean_a and_o smooth_a board_n a_o little_a salt-peter_n then_o give_v fire_n to_o it_o with_o a_o live_a coal_n and_o observe_v these_o rule_n follow_v viz._n if_o it_o make_v the_o same_o noise_n in_o burn_v as_o the_o common_a salt_n do_v when_o it_o be_v throw_v upon_o live_a coal_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n it_o hold_v yet_o much_o common_a salt_n if_o it_o hold_v a_o thick_a and_o fat_a scum_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n it_o be_v fatty_a and_o viscous_a if_o after_o the_o salt_n be_v consume_v there_o rest_v yet_o crass_a and_o filthy_a matter_n upon_o the_o board_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a sign_n that_o the_o salt_n contain_v yet_o a_o quantity_n of_o earthy_a matter_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o if_o you_o see_v much_o dregs_o after_o the_o combustion_n of_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v pass_v and_o therefore_o the_o less_o powerful_a and_o active_a but_o by_o contrary_n if_o it_o render_v a_o clear_a long_a flame_n divide_v into_o many_o stream_n and_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o board_n remain_v neat_a without_o any_o filth_n or_o that_o it_o be_v consume_v so_o that_o nothing_o be_v leave_v but_o a_o white_a clean_a ash_n without_o make_v much_o noise_n or_o great_a tremble_a you_o may_v then_o conclude_v that_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v good_a and_o
etc._n four_o way_n take_v salt-peter_n six_o pound_n sulphur_n eight_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a powder_n of_o the_o second_o bark_n of_o elder_a tree_n half_a a_o pound_n common_a decripitate_v salt_n two_o pound_n make_v corn_n powder_n of_o these_o according_a to_o the_o precedent_a order_n or_o accustom_a method_n to_o these_o know_a thing_n i_o shall_v add_v here_o a_o thing_n whereof_o you_o may_v make_v experience_n if_o you_o please_v it_o be_v only_o take_v from_o the_o book_n of_o author_n without_o any_o trial_n make_v by_o i_o which_o you_o may_v also_o find_v write_v in_o the_o natural_a magic_n of_o john_n baptista_n porta_n which_o be_v in_o our_o english_a tongue_n where_o he_o say_v that_o if_o you_o add_v burn_v paper_n in_o the_o composition_n of_o gunpowder_n or_o the_o double_a quantity_n of_o hay_n seed_n well_o beat_v these_o will_v take_v away_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o will_v hinder_v it_o from_o make_v so_o great_a flame_n and_o noise_n some_o do_v say_v that_o the_o gall_n of_o a_o pike_n do_v the_o same_o effect_n if_o it_o be_v mix_v and_o mingle_v with_o the_o same_o but_o we_o shall_v leave_v the_o belief_n of_o these_o thing_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o such_o author_n as_o have_v experiment_v the_o same_o there_o be_v some_o wise_a and_o know_a man_n in_o this_o art_n attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o noise_n or_o as_o some_o do_v express_v it_o this_o horrible_a noise_n produce_v by_o a_o cannon_n after_o the_o fire_n not_o to_o the_o powder_n but_o to_o the_o beat_n and_o contusion_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v enrage_v or_o in_o a_o passion_n by_o be_v so_o furious_o endeavour_v to_o be_v stifle_v or_o choke_v by_o a_o strange_a and_o extraordinary_a movement_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o former_a chapter_n where_o we_o treat_v of_o salt-peter_n yet_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o son_n of_o art_n we_o shall_v nevertheless_o give_v you_o the_o opinion_n of_o scaliger_n take_v out_o of_o his_o his_o fifteen_o book_n in_o his_o exer._n exoter_n against_o cardan_n of_o subtle_a exer._n 25._o long_o pejus_fw-la illud_fw-la cum_fw-la sonitus_fw-la causam_fw-la a_o bellicis_fw-la machinis_fw-la editi_fw-la attribuis_fw-la sal_fw-la petrae_fw-la nam_fw-la tenuissimum_fw-la in_o pulverem_fw-la comminutum_fw-la cavernulas_fw-la amisit_fw-la chap._n xx._n the_o proof_n or_o trial_n of_o gunpowder_n it_o be_v accustomary_a for_o man_n skill_v in_o these_o art_n to_o try_v powder_n three_o several_a way_n that_o be_v by_o sight_n by_o touch_n and_o by_o fire_n and_o first_o for_o the_o trial_n by_o sight_n it_o be_v thus_o if_o the_o powder_n be_v too_o black_a it_o be_v a_o manifest_a sign_n of_o too_o much_o humidity_n or_o too_o much_o coal_n now_o if_o it_o contain_v too_o much_o as_o you_o suppose_v rub_v it_o upon_o white_a paper_n if_o it_o black_a the_o paper_n more_o than_o other_o good_a powder_n use_v to_o do_v it_o be_v a_o sign_n there_o be_v more_o coal_n in_o it_o than_o aught_o for_o such_o gunpowder_n as_o be_v of_o a_o fair_a azure_a colour_n or_o a_o little_a obscure_a something_o border_v upon_o red_a be_v the_o best_a sign_n and_o the_o most_o assure_a testimony_n of_o good_a powder_n second_o gunpowder_n its_o goodness_n be_v know_v by_o the_o touch_n in_o this_o manner_n crush_v some_o corn_n under_o your_o finger_n end_n and_o if_o they_o easy_o break_v and_o return_v to_o meal_n without_o resist_v the_o touch_n or_o without_o feel_v hard_o you_o may_v assure_v yourself_o from_o thence_o that_o your_o powder_n have_v in_o it_o too_o much_o coal_n if_o by_o press_v it_o a_o little_a hard_a under_o your_o finger_n upon_o a_o smooth_a hard_a board_n or_o upon_o a_o stone_n you_o feel_v among_o it_o small_a grain_n hard_a or_o more_o solid_a than_o the_o rest_n which_o do_v in_o a_o manner_n prick_v the_o end_n of_o the_o finger_n and_o do_v not_o yield_v to_o the_o finger_n but_o very_o difficult_o or_o hardly_o you_o may_v infer_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o sulphur_n be_v not_o well_o incorporate_v with_o the_o salt-peter_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o powder_n be_v not_o well_o and_o due_o prepare_v you_o may_v draw_v infallible_a proof_n or_o conjecture_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o powder_n by_o its_o burn_a if_o after_o you_o have_v make_v little_a heap_n of_o powder_n upon_o a_o clean_a and_o even_a table_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o about_o a_o hand_n breadth_n you_o then_o put_v fire_n to_o one_o of_o they_o only_o and_o if_o it_o take_v fire_n alone_o and_o burn_v all_o away_o without_o light_v the_o other_o and_o make_v a_o small_a thunder_a noise_n or_o make_v a_o white_a clear_a smoke_n and_o that_o it_o rise_v with_o a_o quickness_n sudden_o almost_o imperceptible_a and_o if_o it_o rise_v in_o the_o air_n like_o a_o circle_n of_o smoke_n or_o like_o a_o small_a crown_n this_o be_v a_o infallible_a sign_n the_o powder_n be_v good_a and_o perfect_o well_o prepare_v if_o after_o 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breadth_n one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o you_o put_v fire_n to_o they_o if_o the_o fire_n be_v good_a and_o strong_a they_o will_v fire_v at_o once_o and_o there_o will_v remain_v no_o grossness_n of_o brimstone_n or_o of_o salt-peter_n nor_o any_o thing_n but_o a_o white_a smoky_a colour_n in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v burn_v nor_o will_v the_o paper_n be_v touch_v if_o small_a black_a knot_n which_o will_v burn_v downward_o in_o the_o place_n where_o proof_n be_v make_v remain_v after_o fire_v they_o do_v show_v that_o the_o gunpowder_n have_v not_o enough_o of_o peter_n and_o that_o it_o be_v of_o little_a force_n or_o strength_n good_a gunpowder_n will_v not_o burn_v your_o hand_n if_o it_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n there_o gunpowder_n that_o be_v very_o sharp_a or_o eager_a in_o taste_n be_v not_o well_o purify_v and_o will_v turn_v moist_a among_o many_o sort_n of_o powder_n to_o know_v the_o best_a make_v a_o little_a heap_n of_o every_o sort_n at_o a_o distance_n one_o 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full_a strength_n again_o and_o to_o preserve_v good_a powder_n from_o decay_v we_o call_v such_o gunpowder_n weak_a which_o have_v much_o degenerate_v from_o its_o first_o strength_n and_o the_o force_n which_o it_o do_v acquire_v in_o its_o first_o preparation_n as_o such_o as_o have_v take_v wind_n wet_z or_o air_n for_o these_o do_v diminish_v the_o quantity_n of_o salt-peter_n and_o actual_o separate_v the_o sulphur_n and_o coal_n there_o be_v two_o different_a way_n that_o these_o accident_n do_v happen_v that_o be_v by_o be_v many_o year_n make_v or_o lie_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n long_o for_o in_o time_n the_o salt-peter_n alter_v and_o separate_v itself_o be_v natural_o subject_a to_o alter_v and_o return_v into_o its_o first_o matter_n for_o salt-peter_n in_o its_o beginning_n or_o original_n be_v engender_v of_o water_n
for_o 20_o foot_n backward_o the_o better_a to_o stay_v the_o reverse_n and_o facilitate_v the_o bring_v the_o piece_n when_o load_v to_o the_o loop_n the_o platform_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v clean_o that_o no_o stone_n or_o other_o thing_n lie_v in_o the_o way_n for_o the_o wheel_n to_o run_v upon_o whereby_o may_v be_v hinder_v the_o true_a intent_n of_o his_o shot_n he_o must_v before_o any_o service_n be_v examine_v his_o piece_n of_o its_o goodness_n or_o defect_n according_a to_o our_o former_a instruction_n give_v in_o this_o behalf_n he_o must_v also_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o necessary_a thing_n for_o his_o artillery_n the_o particular_n thereof_o we_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o 29_o chap._n but_o because_o it_o take_v not_o up_o much_o paper_n we_o will_v repeat_v they_o here_o again_o viz._n wheel_n truck_v axeltrees_n ladle_n rammer_n sponge_n worm_n tampion_n height-board_n auger-bit_n fitness_n and_o roundness_n of_o the_o shot_n chane-shot_a cross-bar_n shot_n etc._n etc._n canvas_n or_o strong_a paper_n for_o cartredge_n calabers_n compass_n sight_n rule_n gunner_n scale_n quadrant_n scale_n weight_n priming-iron_n and_o apron_n to_o cover_v the_o touch_n hole_n before_o he_o come_v upon_o service_n he_o ought_v to_o examine_v and_o prove_v the_o goodness_n of_o his_o powder_n and_o match_n and_o examine_v it_o according_a to_o the_o rule_v give_v where_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o powder_n a_o gunner_n ought_v to_o be_v most_o careful_a to_o see_v that_o the_o powder_n be_v place_v safe_o from_o danger_n of_o his_o own_o as_o also_o the_o enemy_n ordnance_n and_o to_o be_v furnish_v with_o artificial_a torch_n dark_a lantern_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o firework_n of_o which_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o particular_a account_n in_o the_o treatise_n of_o firework_n at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n he_o must_v have_v by_o he_o his_o begin_n and_o winch_n hand-spikes_n crow_n to_o mount_v and_o dismount_v 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reach_v to_o l_o divide_v the_o arch_n b_o l_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o that_o will_v be_v at_o f_o the_o distance_n o_o l_o be_v set_v upward_o from_o l_o will_n reach_n to_o d_o so_o then_o draw_v the_o line_n a_o d_o will_v make_v the_o quadrant_n a_o b_o d_o and_o the_o arch_n b_o o_fw-fr l_o d_o will_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o equal_a part_n now_o every_o one_o of_o those_o part_n must_v again_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o equal_a part_n and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o into_o 10_o equal_a part_n so_o will_v your_o quadrant_n be_v divide_v into_o 90_o equal_a part_n call_v degree_n of_o the_o scale_n from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o line_n a_o b_o and_o a_o d_o at_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o point_n a_o as_o at_o g_o and_o h_o raise_v two_o perpendicular_a line_n which_o will_v meet_v in_o the_o point_n m_o which_o we_o divide_v here_o into_o 12_o equal_a part_n but_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o 100_o or_o a_o 1000_o equal_a part_n at_o pleasure_n and_o the_o more_o part_n they_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o more_o exact_a will_v your_o work_n be_v let_v these_o line_n g_o m_z and_z h_z m_z be_v mark_v into_o the_o division_n from_o the_o point_n a._n let_v two_o sight_n of_o brass_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o limb_n of_o your_o quadrant_n at_o the_o place_n mark_v e_z and_z f._n let_v the_o division_n upon_o the_o line_n b_o m_o be_v next_o the_o sight_n be_v term_v right_a shadow_n the_o division_n upon_o the_o side_n g_o m_o leave_v or_o contrary_a shadow_n let_v a_o line_n with_o a_o plummet_n be_v fit_v to_o your_o quadrant_n fall_v from_o the_o centre_n a_o as_o you_o see_v in_o your_o figure_n chap._n ii_o the_o use_n of_o this_o quadrant_n in_o take_v the_o
the_o bore_n and_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n then_o with_o a_o plumb_n line_n hang_v over_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n be_v guide_v by_o the_o divide_a stick_n you_o shall_v have_v good_a aim_n where_o to_o set_v your_o dispart_n this_o be_v do_v go_v to_o the_o base_a ring_n if_o the_o piece_n be_v true_a bore_v then_o find_v which_o be_v the_o high_a part_n and_o middle_a of_o that_o ring_n but_o if_o the_o piece_n be_v not_o true_a bore_v then_o find_v which_o part_n of_o the_o base_a ring_n be_v just_a over_o the_o cylend_a and_o take_v that_o for_o your_o true_a line_n when_o you_o have_v find_v out_o the_o dispart_n and_o place_v it_o and_o also_o find_v what_o point_n in_o the_o base_a ring_n be_v to_o answer_v to_o it_o then_o make_v some_o very_a small_a mark_n on_o the_o base_a ring_n in_o that_o place_n hold_v your_o head_n about_o two_o foot_n from_o the_o base_a ring_n and_o there_o you_o may_v best_o observe_v as_o the_o piece_n be_v traverse_v when_o you_o be_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n with_o the_o mark_n this_o do_v give_v one_o of_o your_o man_n order_n to_o raise_v and_o fall_v the_o piece_n with_o his_o hand-spike_a as_o you_o shall_v appoint_v he_o until_o you_o can_v hold_v your_o head_n two_o foot_n from_o the_o britch_n of_o the_o piece_n with_o your_o eye_n perceive_v the_o mark_n at_o the_o base_a ring_n and_o the_o top_n of_o the_o dispart_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n with_o the_o mark_v you_o must_v shoot_v at_o at_o that_o instant_n stop_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o piece_n with_o a_o coin_n that_o it_o may_v remain_v as_o you_o have_v direct_v it_o then_o prime_a your_o piece_n and_o give_v fire_n before_o you_o place_v your_o dispart_n you_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n whether_o the_o ground_n be_v level_n whereon_o the_o wheel_n of_o the_o gun_n stand_v or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o one_o high_a than_o the_o other_o and_o if_o the_o trunion_n stand_v just_a over_o the_o axletree_n of_o the_o wheel_n or_o no_o 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foot_n long_o 2_o 10_o 4_o 20_o 6_o 30_o 8_o 40_o 10_o 30_o 12_o 61_o 14_o 73_o 16_o 84_o 18_o 56_o 21_o 8_o 10_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 21_o 4_o 41_o 6_o 69_o 8_o 88_o 11_o 81_o 13_o 28_o 15_o 48_o 17_o 68_o 19_o 89_o 22_o 10_o 11_o foot_n long_o 2_o 31_o 4_o 62_o 6_o 93_o 9_o 24_o 11_o 56_o 13_o 88_o 16_o 22_o 18_o 51_o 20_o 82_o 23_o 14_o 11_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 42_o 4_o 48_o 7_o 26_o 9_o 68_o 12_o 10_o 14_o 53_o 16_o 95_o 19_o 37_o 21_o 80_o 24_o 21_o 12_o foot_n long_o 2_o 53_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 59_o 10_o 12_o 12_o 65_o 15_o 18_o 17_o 72_o 20_o 25_o 22_o 78_o 25_o 33_o 12_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 63_o 5_o 20_o 7_o 89_o 10_o 52_o 13_o 15_o 15_o 78_o 18_o 41_o 21_o 4_o 23_o 67_o 26_o 33_o 13_o foot_n long_o 2_o 74_o 5_o 48_o 8_o 82_o 10_o 96_o 13_o 70_o 16_o 44_o 19_o 48_o 21_o 92_o 24_o 68_o 27_o 40_o 13_o foot_n and_o half_a 2_o 84_o 5_o 68_o 8_o 52_o 11_o 36_o 14_o 20_o 27_o 4_o 19_o 88_o 22_o 72_o 25_o 56_o 28_o 42_o 14_o foot_n long_o 2_o 95_o 5_o 90_o 8_o 85_o 11_o 80_o 14_o 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