divers_a place_n in_o the_o orchard_n which_o will_v affright_v they_o also_o bruise_v ratsbaâ—_n very_o small_a and_o mix_v it_o with_o oatmeal_n and_o lay_v it_o in_o small_a percell_n in_o divers_a place_n and_o the_o bird_n eat_v of_o it_o will_v die_v this_o be_v a_o sure_a way_n to_o kill_v many_o wind_n but_o the_o great_a mischief_n incident_a to_o fruit_n be_v by_o cold_a wind_n and_o frost_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n and_o by_o strong_a wind_n in_o summer_n and_o autumn_n which_o shake_v off_o the_o fruit_n against_o the_o hurt_n of_o cold_a wind_n and_o frost_n wall-tree_n may_v be_v cover_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n while_o they_o be_v knit_v be_v exceed_o tender_a and_o great_a standard_n tree_n may_v be_v smoke_v in_o knit_a time_n set_v on_o fire_n some_o moist_a straw_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o will_v make_v a_o smoke_n under_o and_o among_o the_o tree_n likewise_o plant_v such_o tree_n as_o will_v grow_v high_a upon_o the_o north_n or_o east_n that_o may_v be_v a_o good_a shelter_n continual_o against_o these_o cold_a wind_n which_o be_v the_o best_a course_n the_o orchard_n must_v be_v defend_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a with_o some_o high_a tree_n on_o the_o north_n east_n and_o west_n side_n or_o so_o plant_v that_o they_o may_v have_v house_n hill_n or_o something_o or_o other_o to_o break_v off_o these_o wind_n from_o the_o fruit-tree_n so_o much_o concern_v disease_n and_o mischief_n incident_a to_o fruit-tree_n and_o fruit_n with_o their_o cure_n and_o remedy_n the_o alimental_a and_o physical_a use_n of_o fruit_n fruit-tree_n be_v plant_v and_o due_o order_v to_o fruit-bearing_a then_o come_v the_o joyful_a harvest_n the_o end_n of_o all_o our_o labour_n then_o we_o make_v use_v of_o fruit_n as_o may_v be_v most_o for_o our_o profit_n i_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o use_n of_o fruit_n in_o respect_n both_o of_o their_o alimental_a and_o physical_a use_n first_o concern_v the_o use_n of_o apple_n apple_n when_o apple_n be_v ready_a they_o may_v be_v dispose_v of_o divers_a way_n some_o for_o cider_n other_o for_o sale_n other_o for_o daily_a dish_n to_o the_o table_n order_v many_o way_n cider_n some_o prefer_v one_o sort_n as_o best_a for_o cider_n and_o some_o another_o in_o herefordshire_n and_o some_o other_o part_n the_o redstreak_n be_v general_o prefer_v for_o cider_n before_o pippin_n pearmains_n or_o any_o other_o kind_n yet_o some_o other_o prefer_v pippin_n pearmains_n gilli-flower-apple_n as_o best_a for_o cider_n as_o have_v in_o they_o a_o more_o cordial_a juice_n than_o other_o apple_n and_o some_o differ_v from_o these_o and_o say_v the_o apple_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o elliot_n make_v the_o best_a cider_n and_o call_v it_o the_o sack_n of_o cider_n other_o cry_v up_o the_o stoken_n apple_n as_o best_a of_o all_o for_o cider_n i_o shall_v not_o stand_v to_o dispute_v which_o be_v best_a for_o cider_n cider_n but_o see_v they_o be_v all_o so_o good_a as_o that_o a_o argument_n be_v raise_v which_o be_v best_a for_o cider_n my_o advice_n therefore_o be_v that_o man_n propagate_v and_o increase_v great_a store_n of_o tree_n of_o all_o these_o kind_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o by_o experience_n be_v find_v to_o be_v good_a for_o cider_n and_o then_o every_o man_n may_v take_v where_o he_o like_v and_o please_v his_o palate_n with_o that_o that_o suit_v best_a with_o it_o but_o without_o doubt_n the_o redstreak_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o wilding_n and_o somewhat_o hard_a and_o brisk_a and_o general_o all_o hard_a apple_n and_o wilding_n which_o have_v a_o lively_a pert_a brisk_a juice_n so_o that_o they_o come_v not_o too_o near_o the_o degree_n of_o stark_a crab_n all_o these_o kind_n i_o say_v make_v excellent_a cider_n which_o experience_n show_v and_o confirm_v from_o year_n to_o year_n cider_n make_v of_o hard_a kind_n harsh_a fruit_n be_v not_o so_o soon_o ready_a for_o drink_v as_o that_o of_o summer_n fruit_n and_o those_o more_o pleasant_a that_o make_v a_o table-fruit_n be_v early_o ripe_v be_v ready_a to_o drink_v even_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v well_o settle_a and_o clear_v but_o that_o of_o hard_a apple_n not_o till_o summer_n follow_v and_o will_v continue_v good_a for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n or_o long_o and_o if_o well_o keep_v in_o good_a vessel_n well_o stop_v and_o in_o a_o good_a cool_a cellar_n will_v somewhat_o improve_v in_o keep_v perry_n now_o for_o the_o make_n of_o these_o liquor_n of_o cider_n and_o perry_n i_o shall_v only_o mention_v it_o brief_o for_o their_o sake_n that_o know_v it_o not_o some_o have_v cider-mill_n on_o purpose_n wherein_o they_o grind_v the_o apple_n as_o tanner_n do_v their_o bark_n and_o then_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o press_n other_o pound_n they_o in_o trough_n till_o they_o be_v small_a it_o come_v all_o to_o one_o the_o liquor_n be_v strain_v out_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o vessel_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o ton_n it_o up_o the_o vessel_n be_v full_a let_v it_o rest_v certain_a day_n till_o the_o barm_n begin_v to_o fall_v then_o put_v in_o a_o handful_n of_o bay-salt_n this_o make_v it_o draw_v fresh_a even_o to_o the_o bottom_n so_o stop_v it_o up_o very_o close_o with_o a_o cork_n yet_o leave_v a_o little_a venthole_n in_o the_o top_n near_o the_o tunhole_n with_o a_o peg_n in_o it_o and_o once_o in_o a_o day_n or_o two_o give_v vent_v there_o while_o it_o ferment_n and_o work_v strong_o lest_o it_o break_v the_o vessel_n afterward_o stop_v up_o the_o venhole_n very_o close_o also_o tunhole_n then_o mix_v clay_n and_o bay-salt_n together_o and_o lay_v it_o upon_o and_o round_o about_o the_o tunhole_n that_o so_o no_o air_n may_v get_v in_o nor_o spirit_n of_o the_o liquor_n get_v out_o make_v the_o clay_n hollow_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o lay_v on_o it_o some_o bay-salt_n this_o keep_v it_o moist_a all_o summer_n otherwise_o it_o may_v chap_n and_o let_v in_o air_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o liquor_n the_o close_a stop_n of_o vessel_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o cider_n when_o cider_n be_v well_o clear_v cider_n towards_o the_o spring_n and_o so_o afterward_o some_o may_v be_v bottle_a if_o we_o will_v improve_v it_o to_o the_o utmost_a stone-bottle_n or_o glas-bottle_n both_o be_v good_a into_o each_o bottle_n put_v a_o quantity_n more_o or_o less_o as_o each_o one_o please_v of_o white_a lump_n sugar_n which_o i_o prefer_v before_o lofe-sugar_n it_o be_v sophisticated_a with_o lime_n allome_n and_o other_o thing_n then_o fill_v the_o bottle_n with_o the_o liquor_n yet_o not_o altogether_o full_a but_o let_v be_v the_o space_n of_o a_o inch_n or_o two_o between_o the_o liquor_n and_o the_o cork_n then_o cork_n it_o well_o let_v not_o the_o cork_n be_v too_o little_a so_o as_o to_o go_v in_o easy_o but_o take_v a_o full_a cork_n that_o must_v be_v knock_v in_o about_o half_a way_n for_o the_o well_o cork_v of_o bottle_n though_o the_o direction_n may_v seem_v trivial_a be_v of_o great_a concernment_n to_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o liquor_n the_o liquor_n be_v thus_o well_o bottle_a cider_n may_v be_v keep_v in_o several_a place_n either_o in_o gravel_n or_o sand_n in_o a_o cellar_n up_o to_o the_o neck_n and_o some_o may_v be_v sink_v down_o into_o water_n in_o some_o secure_a convenient_a place_n or_o otherwise_o wise_a to_o keep_v they_o cool_v and_o exclude_v the_o air_n especial_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o in_o this_o season_n let_v the_o cork_n be_v bind_v down_o close_o with_o a_o packthread_n else_o some_o of_o they_o will_v be_v throw_v out_o by_o the_o liquor_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v carry_v abroad_o or_o lay_v in_o a_o chamber_n where_o the_o air_n be_v warm_a many_o thing_n more_o may_v be_v say_v concern_v the_o order_n of_o cider_n according_a to_o several_a man_n opinion_n and_o experience_n these_o thing_n brief_o mention_v be_v plain_a and_o practical_a and_o comprehend_v many_o other_o particular_n cider_n cider_n that_o be_v make_v of_o good_a fruit_n and_o well_o order_v be_v the_o most_o wholesome_a drink_n and_o so_o it_o be_v account_v by_o learned_a and_o judicious_a physician_n they_o do_v much_o magnify_v syrupum_fw-la de_fw-la pomis_fw-la the_o juice_n of_o apple_n see_v london_n dispensatory_a compose_v by_o a_o whole_a college_n of_o physician_n pag._n 38._o 248._o a_o famous_a physician_n in_o his_o time_n give_v it_o this_o commendation_n pomaceum_fw-la e_fw-la succo_n malorum_fw-la dulci._n mâ—_n quae_fw-la maturitatatem_fw-la consecuta_fw-la sunt_fw-la satis_fw-la defaecatum_fw-la maturum_fw-la tenue_n subflavum_fw-la melancholicis_fw-la adeò_fw-la salubre_fw-la elâ—_n &_o omne_fw-la potionis_fw-la genus_fw-la bonitate_fw-la uincat_fw-la that_o be_v cider_n of_o pleasant_a apple_n which_o be_v full_a ripe_n be_v well_o settle_v clear_v and_o ferment_v
and_o all_o sort_n of_o wood._n and_o now_o i_o shall_v make_v some_o small_a digression_n and_o step_v a_o little_a aside_o out_o of_o the_o orchard_n and_o garden_n to_o give_v a_o word_n of_o encouragement_n and_o direction_n for_o the_o plant_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o wood_n and_o timber_n especial_o oak_n ash_n elm_n and_o other_o useful_a wood_n for_o building_n fire_n and_o other_o purpose_n i_o have_v plant_v and_o order_v these_o kind_n of_o tree_n as_o well_o as_o fruit-tree_n hereby_o man_n may_v by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n exceed_o advantage_n themselves_o their_o posterity_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n beside_o the_o usefulness_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o timber_n store_n of_o hog_n may_v be_v keep_v with_o the_o mast_n which_o make_v their_o flesh_n very_o sweet_a fat_a and_o good_a and_o some_o say_v sheep_n and_o poultry_n will_v feed_v upon_o the_o master_n land_n not_o worth_a 28._o a_o acre_n make_v worth_a 4_o or_o 5_o l._n in_o few_o year_n the_o charge_n and_o labour_n be_v but_o small_a but_o the_o profit_n in_o time_n yea_o in_o few_o year_n will_v be_v exceed_o great_a mr._n blithe_a in_o his_o improver_n improve_v affirm_v that_o even_o boggy_a land_n not_o worth_a above_o two_o shilling_n a_o acre_n by_o plant_v it_o with_o willow_n sallow_a and_o such_o like_a wood_n and_o drain_n of_o it_o deep_a may_v be_v worth_a near_o five_o pound_n a_o acre_n and_o that_o in_o 7_o or_o 8_o year_n see_v pag._n 160._o of_o his_o book_n wood_n on_o good_a land_n worth_a 60_o l._n a_o acre_n but_o upon_o better_a land_n the_o advance_n and_o profit_n will_v be_v much_o more_o upon_o some_o warm_a good_a land_n wood_n be_v plant_v may_v be_v worth_a threescore_o pound_n a_o acre_n and_o that_o in_o 11_o or_o 12_o year_n and_o as_o much_o in_o few_o year_n afterward_o see_v the_o proof_n and_o experiment_n hereof_o heretofore_o make_v by_o mr._n cartwright_n at_o bill_v in_o northamptonshire_n improver_n improve_v pag._n 157_o 158_o etc._n etc._n a_o 100_o ash_n sell_v for_o 500_o l._n see_v the_o experiment_n of_o a_o gentleman_n that_o plant_v a_o hundred_o ash_n and_o live_v to_o see_v they_o grow_v to_o that_o bigness_n that_o he_o sell_v they_o for_o five_o hundred_o pound_n at_o fifty_o year_n growth_n improver_n improve_v pag._n 163._o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n worth_a of_o wood_n in_o a_o age_n by_o one_o man_n it_o be_v record_v that_o another_o gentleman_n together_o with_o his_o workman_n plant_v so_o much_o wood_n in_o his_o life_n time_n that_o he_o will_v not_o take_v fifty_o thousand_o pound_n for_o it_o see_v improver_n improve_v pag._n 163._o a_o necessity_n of_o plant_v wood._n many_o more_o particular_a instance_n of_o experiment_n may_v be_v bring_v of_o the_o great_a profit_n of_o plant_v wood_n and_o but_o few_o man_n but_o see_v and_o hear_v of_o advantage_n this_o way_n so_o that_o we_o have_v encouragement_n enough_o to_o this_o work_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o great_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o plant_v all_o sort_n of_o wood_n in_o this_o nation_n wood_n and_o timber_n be_v destroy_v and_o waste_v every_o where_o and_o grow_v very_o scarce_o and_o dear_a and_o so_o will_v be_v more_o and_o more_o every_o year_n unless_o man_n set_v in_o good_a earnest_n to_o this_o work_n it_o be_v desire_v the_o high_a power_n will_v enjoin_v this_o work_n and_o because_o man_n general_o have_v be_v and_o will_v be_v negligent_a in_o this_o great_a and_o important_a business_n through_o misapprehension_n of_o it_o and_o carnal_a selfish_a principle_n for_o that_o they_o can_v reap_v all_o the_o benefit_n themselves_o it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v desire_v that_o the_o high_a power_n will_v by_o a_o law_n or_o injunction_n set_v man_n to_o this_o work_n which_o will_v be_v of_o exceed_a advantage_n to_o the_o present_a and_o future_a generation_n reason_n for_o it_o 1._o first_o because_o timber_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o wood_n have_v be_v of_o late_a time_n very_o much_o waste_v and_o destroy_v and_o unless_o man_n set_v to_o this_o work_n succeed_a age_n will_v very_o much_o want_v timber_n for_o build_v ship_n house_n and_o other_o necessary_a use_n 2._o second_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a waste_n of_o wood_n and_o no_o care_n to_o plant_v more_o fuel_n be_v grow_v scarce_o and_o dear_a especial_o in_o many_o place_n so_o that_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n make_v lamentable_a moan_n for_o want_n of_o fire_n in_o cold_a long_a winter_n whereas_o by_o diligent_a plant_n there_o will_v be_v fuel_n enough_o for_o all_o people_n 3._o three_o except_o there_o be_v more_o plant_v the_o tanner_n trade_n so_o necessary_a in_o the_o commonweal_n be_v like_a to_o fail_v very_o much_o bark_n be_v at_o a_o very_a great_a rate_n already_o and_o grow_v yearly_o dear_a because_o scarce_o 4._o four_o by_o plant_v tree_n in_o the_o mound_n the_o field_n will_v be_v much_o warm_a in_o winter_n and_o cool_a in_o summer_n and_o consequent_o cattle_n and_o all_o commodity_n there_o will_v prosper_v and_o come_v on_o the_o better_a other_o nation_n look_v more_o after_o plant_v it_o be_v record_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o venice_n at_o this_o day_n appoint_v officer_n on_o purpose_n to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o wood_n that_o there_o be_v plant_v as_o there_o be_v cut_v down_o and_o so_o a_o supply_n continual_o for_o all_o purpose_n there_o be_v a_o law_n in_o spain_n that_o he_o that_o â—uts_v down_o own_o tree_n shall_v plant_v three_o for_o it_o how_o to_o have_v great_a store_n of_o young_a oak_n ash_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o man_n may_v have_v great_a store_n of_o young_a set_v and_o plant_n to_o make_v wood_n and_o grove_n or_o to_o plant_v in_o the_o field_n and_o mound_n they_o must_v in_o autumn_n when_o the_o seed_n be_v ripe_a gather_v abundance_n of_o mast_n or_o acorn_n from_o the_o best_a and_o straight_a oak_n tree_n and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o ash_n key_n cycamore_n and_o mast_n of_o the_o beach-tree_n and_o other_o seed_n etc._n and_o sow_v these_o in_o ground_n plough_v or_o dig_v up_o for_o that_o purpose_n and_o keep_v they_o with_o weed_n and_o some_o may_v be_v draw_v the_o first_o year_n other_o as_o they_o grow_v fit_a to_o transplant_v abroad_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n a_o world_n of_o goodly_a young_a tree_n may_v be_v raise_v most_o ash-key_n will_v lie_v in_o the_o ground_n until_o the_o second_o spring_n and_o then_o come_v up_o abundant_o elm_n plant_n as_o for_o young_a set_v of_o the_o elm_n many_o come_v up_o from_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n of_o themselves_o but_o that_o we_o may_v have_v abundance_n this_o must_v be_v do_v bear_v the_o root_n of_o some_o elme-tree_n and_o cut_v some_o of_o the_o root_n about_o a_o foot_n or_o half_o a_o yard_n from_o the_o body_n quite_o asunder_o and_o the_o same_o will_v shoot_v forth_o multitude_n of_o young_a plant_n have_v small_a root_n which_o may_v be_v cut_v off_o with_o a_o chisel_n or_o knife_n and_o plant_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n as_o a_o nursery_n until_o they_o be_v grow_v big_a enough_o to_o transplant_v abroad_o into_o the_o field_n cut_v not_o the_o top_n cut_v none_o of_o the_o top_n of_o any_o young_a tree_n that_o you_o intend_v for_o timber_n for_o cut_v the_o top_n will_v make_v it_o spread_v too_o much_o and_o beside_o ash_n cycamore_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n have_v wide_a great_a pith_n and_o wet_a get_n in_o rot_v some_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o hinder_v its_o growth_n draw_v many_o and_o leave_v the_o rest_n out_o of_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n sow_v with_o mast_n and_o other_o seed_n abundance_n of_o young_a plant_n may_v be_v draw_v and_o enough_o leave_v which_o need_v not_o at_o all_o be_v remove_v but_o be_v to_o be_v prune_v up_o for_o timber_n or_o other_o purpose_n willow_n osier_n withy_n sally_n etc._n etc._n as_o for_o willow_n osier_n sally_n etc._n etc._n and_o such_o like_a they_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n long_a or_o short_a year_n the_o willow_n especial_o be_v a_o very_a profitable_a wood_n and_o be_v of_o as_o speedy_a a_o growth_n as_o any_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v profitable_a for_o fire_v and_o divers_a other_o purpose_n this_o must_v be_v plant_v on_o moist_a land_n the_o worst_a boggy_a land_n especial_o if_o treched_a will_v become_v very_o profitable_a by_o this_o mean_n sally_n and_o such_o as_o bear_v palm_n early_o in_o the_o year_n be_v not_o only_o profitable_a in_o the_o wood_n but_o also_o for_o bee_n in_o honey_n and_o wax_n from_o which_o they_o have_v their_o first_o provision_n in_o the_o spring_n soil_v best_a for_o a_o plantation_n concern_v the_o soil_n or_o ground_n for_o a_o plantation_n of_o oak_n elm_n beach_n ash_n etc._n etc._n we_o
other_o place_n also_o they_o cause_v much_o grass_n under_o and_o about_o the_o tree_n which_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n do_v more_o than_o recompense_n for_o the_o sourness_n of_o such_o grass_n as_o some_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v way_n the_o profit_n of_o fruit-tree_n be_v in_o many_o respect_n not_o only_o by_o the_o fruit_n to_o be_v eat_v all_o the_o year_n long_o with_o cider_n perry_n etc._n etc._n but_o much_o fuel_n for_o the_o fire_n may_v be_v have_v from_o they_o in_o the_o prune_n and_o by_o old_a tree_n past_o bear_v beside_o the_o wood_n may_v be_v sell_v at_o a_o great_a rate_n to_o joiner_n and_o other_o workman_n to_o make_v chair_n table_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n some_o vine_n shoot_v forth_o exceed_o large_a branch_n yearly_a vine_n but_o bear_v little_a in_o such_o a_o case_n bear_v the_o root_n and_o cut_v off_o a_o mr._n root_n or_o two_o from_o the_o tree_n then_o lay_v some_o sand_n ash_n or_o any_o hot_a barren_a soil_n to_o the_o root_n this_o will_v abate_v the_o redundancy_n of_o the_o sap_n and_o conduce_v to_o bear_v fruit_n grape_n may_v be_v keep_v many_o week_n after_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o last_a grape_n if_o a_o branch_n of_o a_o vine_n be_v draw_v into_o the_o house_n especial_o where_o a_o fire_n be_v keep_v usual_o and_o nail_v up_o with_o the_o bunch_n of_o grape_n upon_o it_o or_o if_o bunch_n when_o ripe_a be_v cut_v off_o with_o some_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o hang_v up_o in_o a_o warm_a room_n where_o a_o fire_n be_v keep_v with_o paper_n about_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o dust_n if_o school_n boy_n and_o other_o age._n while_o they_o be_v young_a set_v upon_o plant_v oak_n ash_n elm_n and_o other_o tree_n they_o may_v probable_o as_o other_o have_v do_v make_v use_n of_o they_o for_o building_n sale_n etc._n etc._n even_o themselves_o in_o their_o own_o person_n unto_o exceed_v great_a profit_n see_v the_o experiment_n of_o a_o gentleman_n that_o plant_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o ash_n and_o at_o 50_o year_n growth_n sell_v they_o for_o 5_o l._n a_o tree_n pag._n 126._o etc._n if_o young_a set_a tree_n be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v bark_v or_o hurt_v by_o coney_n then_o stick_v round_o about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o plant_n some_o furz_n three_o or_o four_o branch_n as_o high_a as_o a_o coney_n can_v reach_v and_o they_o can_v never_o touch_v those_o tree_n and_o if_o mice_n annoy_n or_o hurt_v any_o seed-bed_n or_o the_o like_a then_o stick_v or_o lay_v down_o branch_n of_o furz_n round_o about_o the_o bed_n as_o close_o as_o can_v be_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o seed_n will_v be_v safe_a else_o lie_v ratsbane_n for_o they_o mix_v with_o bread_n and_o butter_n late_o cherry_n plum_n and_o other_o fruit_n may_v be_v have_v after_o their_o ordinary_a time_n many_o week_n when_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v go_v if_o mean_n be_v use_v to_o keep_v they_o back_o as_o cover_v a_o dwarf-tree_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o rough_a canvas_n or_o other_o cloth_n in_o summer_n and_o wet_n of_o it_o to_o keep_v the_o tree_n and_o fruit_n cool_v in_o a_o hot_a day_n or_o second_o to_o plant_v a_o fruit-tree_n that_o natural_o bear_v fruit_n late_o as_o the_o great_a bear_a cherry_n and_o some_o other_o upon_o the_o north-wall_n where_o the_o sun_n beam_n come_v not_o tree_n thus_o order_v will_v bring_v forth_o their_o fruit_n very_o late_o when_o all_o other_o be_v go_v and_o such_o will_v be_v as_o rare_a and_o acceptable_a as_o those_o that_o be_v extraordinary_a early_o i_o have_v know_v cherry_n on_o a_o tree_n november_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o october_n and_o some_o in_o the_o next_o month_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n also_o compass_v a_o small_a tree_n or_o bough_n full_a of_o cherry_n with_o a_o net_n this_o preserve_v they_o from_o bird_n and_o from_o snail_n which_o otherwise_o can_v hardly_o be_v keep_v long_o snail_n do_v much_o mischief_n to_o tree_n and_o fruit_n garden_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n so_o that_o as_o a_o remedy_n care_n must_v be_v take_v beside_o pick_v up_o and_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o to_o keep_v the_o garden_n clean_o as_o may_v be_v from_o weed_n under_o and_o about_o which_o they_o harbour_v and_o also_o all_o the_o hole_n and_o chink_n in_o the_o wall_n must_v be_v stop_v and_o point_a with_o lime_n that_o they_o can_v get_v in_o to_o lie_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o withal_o to_o save_v some_o special_a tree_n or_o flower_n from_o snail_n strew_v round_o about_o some_o sift_v ash_n the_o snail_n can_v creep_v over_o it_o especial_o when_o the_o ash_n have_v be_v late_o straw_v we_o may_v have_v fruit_n grow_v within_o the_o house_n door_n if_o a_o branch_n of_o a_o vine_n cherry_n aprecot-tree_n etc._n etc._n be_v draw_v in_o at_o a_o window_n and_o nail_v up_o upon_o the_o ceiling_n of_o the_o house_n or_o other_o place_n where_o it_o may_v be_v preserve_v from_o break_v or_o to_o set_v a_o small_a cherrytree_n or_o other_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n or_o box_n with_o a_o hole_n or_o two_o in_o the_o bottom_n that_o overmuch_o rain_v or_o moisture_n may_v not_o rest_v in_o the_o mould_n about_o the_o root_n this_o may_v be_v set_v in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o garden_n and_o take_v into_o the_o house_n at_o pleasure_n with_o blossom_n or_o fruit_n upon_o the_o young_a tree_n cider_n if_o apple_n be_v suffer_v to_o lie_v a_o certain_a time_n after_o gather_v be_v full_o ripe_a before_o we_o make_v they_o into_o cider_n the_o liquor_n will_v be_v more_o pleasant_a and_o delicate_a then_o if_o the_o cider_n be_v make_v immediate_o after_o the_o fruit_n be_v gather_v though_o that_o be_v a_o good_a way_n too_o because_o in_o lie_v and_o somewhat_o heat_n together_o the_o more_o waterish_a part_n fly_v out_o and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v better_a concoct_v and_o so_o more_o pleasant_a be_v after_o the_o liquor_n be_v press_v out_o into_o vessel_n let_v it_o not_o stand_v but_o tun_n it_o up_o with_o all_o speed_n for_o the_o air_n in_o a_o little_a time_n draw_v out_o much_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o dull_v the_o rest_n we_o know_v wine_n or_o beer_n or_o any_o liquor_n if_o it_o stand_v open_a in_o a_o cup_n or_o glass_n though_o but_o half_a a_o hour_n or_o a_o short_a space_n they_o lose_v their_o best_a spirit_n and_o become_v deadish_a or_o flat_a and_o so_o of_o any_o other_o liquor_n according_a to_o the_o time_n it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n though_o not_o so_o much_o while_o it_o be_v new_a as_o afterward_o withal_o those_o flag_n be_v best_a to_o use_v for_o bind_v of_o graft_n and_o bud_n inoculate_v which_o be_v threesquare_a of_o a_o brown_a colour_n of_o a_o middle_a size_n the_o bige_v be_v too_o hollow_a and_o spongy_a and_o the_o least_o be_v somewhat_o too_o small_a and_o weak_a they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v at_o the_o mat-maker_n at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n or_o else_o they_o may_v be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n and_o dry_v in_o summer_n and_o lay_v up_o to_o use_v as_o occasion_n be_v in_o hot_a and_o dry_a weather_n in_o graft_v time_n cut_v they_o a_o convenient_a length_n and_o tie_v many_o of_o they_o close_o together_o so_o moisten_v they_o and_o thus_o they_o will_v keep_v moist_a and_o bind_v well_o in_o graft_v it_o be_v very_o successful_a that_o we_o proportion_n graft_n and_o stock_n in_o graft_v bigness_n that_o be_v to_o graft_v the_o bige_a graft_n upon_o the_o bige_a stock_n and_o the_o low_a we_o graft-stock_n if_o they_o be_v for_o standard-tree_n as_o appletree_n etc._n etc._n the_o short_a the_o graft_n need_v to_o be_v because_v all_o must_v be_v cut_v off_o except_o only_o one_o shoot_v to_o grow_v up_o to_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o that_o a_o short_a graft_n of_o 2_o 3_o or_o 4_o bud_n for_o such_o low_a stock_n be_v sufficient_a unless_o we_o intend_v those_o low_a tree_n for_o the_o wall_n or_o for_o a_o fruit-hedge_n as_o be_v show_v before_o if_o so_o it_o be_v better_a to_o graft_v upon_o such_o low_a stock_n long_a graft_n of_o 6_o or_o 8_o bud_n that_o so_o it_o may_v have_v many_o shoot_v and_o branch_n to_o spread_v such_o as_o have_v many_o to_o graft_v season_n and_o can_v do_v all_o the_o work_n in_o the_o best_a season_n may_v cut_v as_o many_o as_o they_o will_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o ground_n lay_v half_a way_n or_o more_o in_o the_o mould_n in_o a_o shady_a place_n be_v best_a and_o so_o we_o may_v be_v graft_v till_o the_o end_n of_o april_n and_o afterward_o when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o to_o cut_v graft_n woodstock_n many_o get_v crabstock_n out_o
of_o the_o wood_n to_o graft_v upon_o for_o a_o orchard_n but_o those_o kind_n of_o stock_n be_v not_o by_o far_o so_o good_a as_o such_o as_o come_v of_o seed_n or_o kernel_n for_o many_o reason_n that_o may_v be_v show_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n grow_v poor_o if_o they_o grow_v at_o all_o for_o very_o many_o die_v out_o right_a whereas_o plant_n come_v of_o seed_n and_o order_v as_o be_v show_v pag._n 83._o grow_v vigorous_o and_o seldom_o fail_v as_o have_v better_o and_o more_o root_n than_o the_o other_o and_o beside_o they_o have_v a_o innate_a spirit_n from_o the_o seed_n whereof_o they_o come_v which_o make_v they_o grow_v better_o than_o slip-plant_n from_o wood_n or_o root_n of_o tree_n and_o also_o they_o be_v worse_o than_o seed-plant_n because_o they_o be_v common_o great_a one_o must_v be_v graft_v in_o the_o cleft_n which_o often_o occasion_n rot_v of_o the_o heart_n by_o wet_a get_n in_o before_o the_o graft_n can_v cover_v the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n whereas_o seed-plant_n be_v young_a may_v be_v graft_v by_o pack_v on_o as_o be_v show_v pag._n â—6_n and_o so_o be_v sound_a tree_n without_o any_o rot_v at_o all_o also_o seed_n plant_n be_v common_o more_o frim_a straight_o and_o handsome_a than_o woodstock_n and_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o they_o in_o these_o and_o other_o respect_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n nursery_n keep_v the_o nursery_n of_o young_a graft_a tree_n and_o stock_n clean_a from_o weed_n rake_v up_o all_o the_o weed_n on_o divers_a heap_n be_v pluck_v up_o and_o let_v they_o lie_v till_o they_o be_v dead_a and_o wither_a and_o then_o scatter_v they_o about_o again_o for_o as_o it_o will_v be_v much_o labour_n to_o carry_v they_o off_o the_o ground_n so_o also_o it_o will_v much_o impoverish_v it_o see_v it_o must_v be_v weed_v often_o in_o summer_n young_a tree_n that_o be_v graft_v low_a soon_o and_o yet_o be_v to_o make_v standard-tree_n these_o must_v be_v prune_v up_o all_o the_o side_n branch_n a_o yard_n or_o a_o ell_n high_a or_o as_o high_a as_o man_n please_v according_a to_o the_o place_n they_o be_v to_o be_v afterward_o set_v in_o but_o in_o prune_v take_v heed_n of_o cut_v off_o the_o side_n twig_n or_o branch_n too_o soon_o before_o the_o body_n be_v grow_v somewhat_o stiff_a and_o strong_a able_a to_o bear_v a_o fair_a head_n for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v too_o top_n heavy_a if_o the_o side_n branch_n be_v cut_v off_o too_o soon_o the_o body_n will_v be_v weak_a and_o slender_a and_o the_o head_n bushy_a and_o too_o heavy_a for_o the_o body_n and_o so_o cause_v the_o tree_n to_o grow_v crooked_a bough_n of_o 2_o tree_n 3_o 4_o or_o more_o year_n growth_n may_v be_v take_v from_o some_o tree_n with_o root_n to_o be_v plant_v in_o other_o place_n as_o dwarftree_n or_o in_o a_o fruit-hedge_n thus_o sometime_o in_o may_n or_o june_n take_v off_o the_o bark_n of_o a_o bough_n about_o a_o inch_n in_o breadth_n round_o about_o cut_v it_o above_o and_o below_o and_o take_v off_o all_o the_o bark_n between_o the_o two_o cut_n then_o take_v a_o old_a hat_n or_o some_o old_a rag_n or_o cloth_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o will_v hold_v mould_n and_o tie_v it_o a_o handful_n or_o more_o below_z the_o disbark_v place_n then_o fill_v it_o up_o with_o some_o good_a earth_n or_o it_o mould_n as_o much_o above_o the_o disbark_v place_n as_o below_z and_o let_v the_o mould_n be_v as_o much_o on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o branch_n as_o the_o other_o afterward_o water_n the_o mould_n and_o keep_v it_o moist_a all_o summer_n by_o pour_v in_o some_o water_n now_o and_o then_o and_o in_o transplant_n time_n this_o bough_n may_v be_v cut_v off_o below_o the_o disbark_v place_n and_o set_v elsewhere_o in_o good_a mould_n which_o will_v bear_v in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o next_o summer_n after_o if_o it_o root_n well_o now_o observe_v this_o can_v be_v do_v upon_o every_o tree_n no_o kind_n of_o stone-fruit_n neither_o aprecot_n nor_o peach_n plum_n nor_o cherry_n nor_o so_o well_o upon_o many_o kind_n of_o apple_n or_o pear_n which_o be_v of_o the_o hard_a sort_n of_o fruit_n tree_n but_o it_o may_v be_v effect_v upon_o all_o kind_n of_o quodling_n nurs-garden_n quince_n jennet_n moil_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o appletree_n that_o be_v of_o more_o soft_a and_o porous_a bark_n which_o more_o easy_o put_v forth_o or_o some_o knob_n or_o roughness_n which_o turn_v to_o root_n afterward_o and_o although_o there_o be_v fruit_n upon_o bough_n when_o they_o be_v so_o disbark_v yet_o the_o fruit_n come_v to_o good_a perfection_n and_o the_o branch_n make_v a_o convenient_a growth_n the_o same_o year_n for_o the_o sap_n pass_v up_o through_o the_o pith_n and_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n those_o bed_n that_o be_v sow_v with_o seed_n ground_n of_o any_o kind_n apple-kernel_n pear-kernel_n plum-stone_n cherry_n stone_n etc._n etc._n must_v be_v look_v unto_o not_o only_o that_o mouse_n devour_v they_o not_o as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o also_o that_o they_o lie_v not_o above_o ground_n for_o though_o they_o be_v all_o cover_v when_o they_o be_v first_o sow_v or_o set_v yet_o we_o shall_v find_v after_o a_o certain_a time_n the_o rain_n that_o fall_v will_v have_v wash_v off_o the_o mould_n from_o some_o of_o they_o which_o will_v lie_v on_o the_o top_n bare_a therefore_o take_v a_o stick_n or_o something_o else_o and_o thrust_v those_o seed_n or_o stone_n that_o so_o lie_v bare_a above_o ground_n into_o the_o mould_n plant_n a_o inch_n or_o half_a a_o inch_n otherwise_o they_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v lose_v in_o set_v young_a tree_n of_o any_o kind_n take_v heed_n of_o set_v the_o root_n too_o deep_a there_o be_v advantage_n in_o set_v shallow_a if_o this_o course_n be_v take_v that_o be_v after_o the_o root_n be_v well_o place_v and_o spread_v every_o way_n and_o cover_v with_o mould_n then_o lay_v round_o upon_o the_o root_n close_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o plant_n a_o barrowful_a of_o rot_a dung_n or_o any_o fat_a soil_n or_o for_o want_n thereof_o some_o litter_n straw_n hay_o weed_n or_o any_o such_o like_a stuff_n upon_o and_o round_o about_o the_o root_n if_o it_o be_v half_a a_o foot_n thick_a or_o more_o it_o be_v better_a this_o as_o it_o keep_v the_o root_n warm_a in_o winter_n and_o cool_v and_o moist_a in_o summer_n follow_v so_o also_o it_o add_v fatness_n to_o the_o soil_n where_o the_o tree_n be_v set_v and_o preserve_v they_o from_o weed_n or_o if_o any_o weed_n grow_v pluck_v they_o up_o and_o lay_v they_o upon_o and_o about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o new_a set_a plant_n more_o the_o better_o this_o course_n we_o see_v by_o experience_n be_v exceed_o conduce_v to_o the_o grow_a and_o thrive_v of_o tree_n new_o plant_v many_o die_n for_o want_v hereof_o or_o grow_v very_o poor_o outside_n in_o cut_v of_o graft_n it_o be_v good_a to_o leave_v a_o bud_n or_o two_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o cut_a place_n that_o in_o case_n any_o of_o the_o graft_n happen_v to_o be_v break_v off_o such_o bud_n or_o bud_n on_o the_o outside_n will_v spring_v out_o and_o supply_v the_o defect_n notwithstanding_o the_o graft_n be_v break_v off_o even_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n as_o i_o have_v often_o observe_v but_o some_o graft_n break_v for_o want_n of_o such_o a_o bud_n have_v be_v utter_o spoil_v see_v it_o be_v certain_a from_o experience_n that_o many_o fruit_n come_v of_o seed_n cider_n and_o be_v never_o graft_v do_v make_v excellent_a cider_n and_o as_o many_o judge_n the_o best_a cider_n the_o famous_a redstreak_n be_v such_o a_o one_o even_o but_o a_o wilding_n it_o be_v good_a therefore_o to_o sow_v some_o principal_a good_a seed_n of_o apple_n and_o to_o nurse_n up_o the_o tree_n to_o bear_v fruit_n whereof_o we_o may_v have_v several_a sort_n of_o special_a cider-fruit_n and_o if_o any_o happen_v to_o be_v too_o near_o the_o degree_n of_o crab_n then_o graft_v such_o with_o other_o good_a fruit_n by_o set_v or_o sow_v of_o acorn_n or_o mast_n seed_n ash-key_n cycamore-key_n chestnut_n seed_n of_o maple_n beech_n thorn_n and_o such_o like_a man_n may_v if_o they_o will_v be_v diligent_a herein_o by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n exceed_o advantage_n themselves_o their_o posterity_n and_o the_o whole_a commonweal_n hereby_o there_o will_v be_v in_o certain_a year_n wood_n and_o timber_n enough_o for_o building_n of_o ship_n house_n and_o also_o for_o fuel_n and_o all_o other_o purpose_n that_o poor_a people_n as_o well_o as_o other_o may_v have_v enough_o in_o cold_a long_a winter_n and_o not_o cry_v out_o as_o be_v almost_o starve_v for_o want_n of_o fire_n hereby_o