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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
fire_n body_n earth_n water_n 8,614 5 6.6720 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A89825 America: or An exact description of the West-Indies: more especially of those provinces which are under the dominion of the King of Spain. / Faithfully represented by N.N. gent. N. N. 1655 (1655) Wing N26; Thomason E1644_1; ESTC R209078 208,685 499

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may_v be_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o merchant_n of_o which_o i_o can_v say_v but_o little_a 7._o this_o be_v the_o generation_n of_o silk-worme_n which_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v i_o have_v describe_v from_o the_o report_n of_o divers_a author_n especial_o of_o hieronimus_fw-la vida_n his_o curious_a and_o elegant_a poem_n of_o this_o subject_n entitle_v de_fw-la bombyce_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o original_n and_o first_o ground_n of_o silk_n that_o so_o rare_a and_o so_o much_o esteem_v vesture_n it_o be_v but_o the_o entrails_n of_o a_o worm_n a_o effect_n of_o putrefaction_n and_o rottenness_n which_o if_o the_o gallant_n and_o lady_n of_o the_o world_n when_o they_o ruffle_v most_o in_o it_o will_v be_v please_v a_o little_a to_o reflect_v upon_o perhaps_o it_o will_v do_v they_o no_o harm_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n that_o while_o it_o render_v their_o outward_a personage_n comely_a and_o fine_a as_o it_o do_v it_o shall_v not_o put_v their_o inward_a and_o better_a part_n so_o much_o out_o of_o fashion_n 8._o as_o for_o the_o mulberry_n tree_n the_o leaf_n whereof_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o most_o natural_a and_o kindly_a sustenance_n that_o can_v be_v for_o the_o silk-worme_n i_o have_v not_o much_o to_o say_v of_o they_o only_o this_o they_o be_v tree_n of_o somewhat_o a_o large_a size_n than_o ordinary_a of_o a_o great_a body_n or_o trunk_n and_o also_o of_o high_a growth_n they_o bear_v their_o fruit_n in_o cluster_n like_o grape_n be_v indeed_o nothing_o else_o but_o a_o multitude_n of_o small_a berry_n grow_v together_o upon_o one_o long_a bunch_n just_a as_o grape_n do_v the_o leaf_n be_v broad_a and_o somewhat_o thick_a of_o a_o very_a green_a colour_n and_o sharpen_v towards_o the_o end_n in_o fashion_n of_o a_o heart_n seem_v to_o be_v snipt_a or_o cut_v round_o about_o the_o edge_n with_o little_a gash_n more_o or_o less_o deep_a according_a to_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o mulberry_n for_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o they_o viz_o the_o black_a 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to_o have_v speak_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o business_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o abundance_n and_o excellency_n of_o the_o metal_n at_o the_o west-indies_n especial_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n 1._o america_n or_o the_o new_a world_n be_v doubtless_o a_o country_n admirable_a rich_a &_o which_o the_o sovereign_a creator_n of_o all_o thing_n have_v plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o rare_a endowment_n of_o nature_n as_o well_o in_o the_o rank_n and_o order_n of_o thing_n inanimate_a or_o without_o life_n as_o of_o live_a creature_n according_a as_o in_o part_n we_o have_v see_v already_o and_o may_v be_v more_o large_o and_o to_o admiration_n observe_v as_o the_o scatter_a instance_n or_o token_n of_o his_o divine_a magnificence_n and_o bounty_n in_o all_o the_o history_n and_o report_n of_o the_o country_n but_o of_o that_o wherein_o it_o seem_v most_o of_o all_o to_o excel_v we_o have_v yet_o speak_v nothing_o viz._n of_o the_o metal_n which_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o render_v it_o the_o most_o desirable_a part_n of_o the_o world_n though_o it_o have_v no_o other_o advantage_n it_o abound_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o these_o viz._n iron_n brass_n copper_n lead_v tin_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o excellency_n and_o richness_n of_o the_o other_o two_o viz._n gold_n and_o silver_n and_o likewise_o of_o that_o which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o sperm_n and_o solder_v of_o these_o and_o of_o all_o other_o metal_n beside_o viz._n quicksilver_n be_v such_o that_o it_o make_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v neither_o much_o speak_v of_o nor_o much_o seek_v after_o in_o these_o part_n in_o which_o respect_n i_o conceive_v i_o may_v be_v more_o easy_o excuse_v if_o i_o pass_v they_o over_o likewise_o in_o silence_n and_o make_v those_o only_a the_o subject_n of_o my_o follow_a discourse_n which_o be_v so_o much_o will_v to_o god_n i_o may_v not_o as_o true_o say_v too-much_o the_o subject_n of_o all_o our_o desire_n viz._n the_o metal_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n 2._o among_o all_o metal_n gold_n have_v just_o the_o pre-eminence_n or_o first_o place_n in_o the_o esteem_n of_o man_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o natural_a perfection_n and_o purity_n which_o be_v such_o as_o it_o render_v the_o metal_n in_o a_o manner_n incorruptible_a and_o of_o immortal_a durance_n it_o be_v not_o improbable_o conceive_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n wherein_o the_o element_n viz._n fire_n earth_n water_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v the_o natural_a ingredient_n and_o constitution_n of_o all_o other_o sublunary_a body_n be_v mix_v with_o most_o equal_a and_o exact_a proportion_n both_o for_o quantity_n and_o quality_n that_o be_v there_o be_v no_o more_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o any_o of_o they_o find_v in_o it_o than_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o rest_n will_v most_o fit_o agree_v with_o and_o endure_v and_o that_o substance_n likewise_o most_o perfect_o defecate_v and_o purge_v by_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n from_o all_o intrinsical_a 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disease_n as_o proceed_v of_o too_o much_o abundance_n and_o heat_n of_o blood_n but_o to_o such_o as_o be_v use_v to_o it_o and_o eat_v it_o moderate_o they_o say_v it_o be_v a_o most_o agreeable_a kind_n of_o food_n easy_a of_o concoction_n not_o at_o all_o obstructive_a as_o bread_n with_o we_o whether_o of_o wheat_n or_o other_o grain_n be_v general_o hold_v to_o be_v more_o or_o less_o but_o rather_o in_o some_o degree_n purgative_a of_o noxious_a humour_n and_o helpful_a against_o the_o stone_n and_o other_o oppilation_n of_o the_o body_n with_o which_o infirmity_n the_o indian_n that_o continual_o feed_v upon_o this_o maiz_n both_o in_o bread_n and_o many_o other_o way_n dress_v be_v observe_v seldom_o or_o never_o be_v trouble_v the_o bud_n of_o it_o while_o they_o be_v green_a and_o tender_a be_v of_o such_o a_o fat_a and_o delicious_a substance_n that_o they_o use_v they_o common_o instead_o of_o oil_n and_o butter_n be_v no_o less_o pleasant_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o 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course_v and_o black_a bread_n he_o ever_o see_v in_o his_o life_n neither_o do_v they_o eat_v it_o but_o first_o moisten_v and_o steep_v in_o some_o water_n or_o warm_a broth_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v the_o excessive_a dryness_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o be_v such_o that_o neither_o wine_n nor_o milk_n nor_o their_o melasso_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v the_o honey_n or_o sweet_a juice_n of_o the_o sugar_n cane_n will_v pierce_v it_o and_o therefore_o it_o keep_v long_o and_o they_o carry_v it_o common_o to_o sea_n instead_o of_o biscuit_n by_o land_n it_o be_v chief_o use_v in_o the_o barlovente_fw-la island_n which_o be_v hispaniola_n cuba_n jamaica_n etc._n etc._n where_o there_o be_v not_o such_o plenty_n either_o of_o wheat_n or_o maiz_n not_o through_o any_o defect_n or_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n but_o as_o it_o be_v rather_o think_v from_o some_o indisposition_n of_o the_o air_n and_o climate_n which_o be_v such_o that_o the_o very_a meal_n which_o they_o 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itself_o so_o please_v both_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o taste_v that_o scarce_o any_o man_n especial_o that_o be_v a_o stranger_n but_o will_v be_v induce_v to_o taste_v of_o it_o which_o yet_o no_o man_n can_v do_v without_o danger_n it_o be_v of_o such_o a_o noxious_a quality_n that_o of_o it_o together_o with_o some_o other_o ingredient_n the_o indian_n of_o old_a time_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v the_o poison_n wherewith_o they_o invenome_v their_o arrow_n so_o mischievous_o that_o it_o be_v say_v scarce_o one_o man_n in_o forty_o that_o happen_v to_o be_v wound_v by_o they_o escape_v death_n this_o tree_n grow_v much_o upon_o the_o gulf_n of_o vraba_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o country_n of_o darien_n abovesaid_a and_o my_o author_n think_v that_o if_o the_o unhappy_a fruit_n which_o deceive_v our_o first_o parent_n in_o paradise_n be_v to_o be_v find_v on_o earth_n it_o be_v as_o likely_a to_o be_v this_o as_o any_o other_o he_o know_v chap._n viii_o of_o cacao_n and_o the_o famous_a drink_n call_v chocolatte_a of_o atolle_v and_o other_o drink_v use_v at_o the_o west-indies_n 1._o i_o shall_v commit_v a_o great_a oversight_n if_o in_o treat_v of_o the_o commodity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o new-world_n i_o shall_v forget_v the_o cacao_n which_o though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a fruit_n ordinary_o not_o big_a than_o a_o almond_n and_o hardly_o of_o so_o good_a a_o taste_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v so_o proper_a to_o the_o country_n so_o plentiful_o there_o grow_v and_o likewise_o so_o much_o esteem_v and_o use_v as_o it_o be_v almost_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o bartery_n and_o traffic_n i_o must_v not_o altogether_o omit_v it_o it_o be_v a_o fruit_n which_o with_o the_o american_n be_v almost_o every_o thing_n it_o be_v both_o meat_n drink_n and_o money_n it_o grow_v upon_o a_o small_a tree_n of_o the_o bigness_n and_o fashion_n of_o that_o of_o the_o pomecitron_n thrive_v best_o upon_o hot_a ground_n yet_o in_o such_o place_n where_o it_o be_v well_o shadow_v from_o the_o sun_n there_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o they_o and_o by_o the_o description_n which_o hernandez_n or_o rather_o antonius_n recchius_n make_v of_o the_o cacao_n in_o his_o general_a history_n of_o american_n plant_n print_v at_o rome_n 1651._o it_o seem_v that_o herrera_n acosta_n and_o other_o be_v not_o so_o exact_a in_o their_o report_n of_o this_o fruit_n who_o general_o describe_v it_o as_o a_o fruit_n somewhat_o less_o than_o a_o almond_n whereas_o hernandez_n a_o doctor_n of_o physic_n and_o one_o who_o live_v many_o year_n in_o those_o part_n by_o command_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n on_o purpose_n to_o observe_v the_o nature_n of_o such_o plant_n and_o physical_a rarity_n as_o america_n afford_v make_v some_o kind_n of_o cacao_n to_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o good_a mellon_n or_o pompey_n and_o none_o less_o than_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o apple_n to_o reconcile_v they_o i_o suppose_v we_o must_v say_v that_o what_o acosta_n herrera_n and_o other_o call_v the_o cacao_n be_v but_o the_o kernel_n of_o that_o cacao_n which_o hernandez_n describe_v and_o that_o there_o grow_v many_o of_o these_o lesser_a cacaos_n together_o in_o one_o common_a husk_n rind_n or_o shell_n which_o hernandez_n likewise_o intimate_v when_o he_o say_v the_o cacao_n contain_v within_o it_o diverse_a small_a part_n close_o compact_v together_o and_o afterward_o call_v that_o the_o seed_n or_o kernel_n of_o cacao_n which_o the_o american_n use_v instead_o of_o money_n and_o whereof_o they_o make_v drink_v which_o be_v the_o very_a cacao_n that_o acosta_n and_o other_o only_a mention_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o other_o it_o be_v a_o fruit_n of_o a_o tender_a and_o fat_a substance_n of_o good_a nourishment_n especial_o roast_v boil_a or_o any_o other_o way_n dress_v raw_a or_o eat_v out_o of_o the_o fruit_n only_o it_o cause_v as_o some_o say_v oppilation_n and_o obstruction_n of_o the_o stomach_n yet_o the_o indian_a woman_n love_v it_o extreme_o and_o think_v themselves_o never_o well_o but_o when_o they_o be_v suck_v the_o skin_n or_o film_n of_o it_o which_o be_v common_o a_o white_a juycie_a substance_n but_o sometime_o red_a or_o murrey_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v very_o cool_v to_o they_o in_o those_o hot_a climate_n and_o have_v a_o opinion_n also_o that_o it_o make_v they_o fair_a it_o be_v a_o fruit_n that_o last_v long_o and_o impair_v not_o much_o by_o age_n in_o respect_n whereof_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o general_o esteem_v there_o the_o indian_n common_o use_v it_o instead_o of_o money_n as_o have_v be_v say_v buy_v or_o have_v in_o exchange_n for_o cacao_n almost_o every_o thing_n in_o the_o market_n but_o the_o chief_a reason_n of_o its_o so_o general_a esteem_n and_o use_v at_o the_o west-indies_n be_v a_o certain_a drink_n they_o make_v of_o it_o call_v chocolatte_n which_o because_o it_o be_v a_o liquor_n that_o the_o american_n extreme_o love_v and_o that_o it_o begin_v likewise_o to_o be_v cry_v up_o in_o some_o part_n of_o europe_n for_o a_o excellent_a drink_n though_o all_o man_n give_v not_o the_o same_o report_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v relate_v as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v how_o they_o make_v it_o from_o the_o report_n of_o a_o late_a traveller_n in_o those_o part_n 2._o they_o take_v a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o cacao_n nut_n or_o almond_n as_o we_o call_v they_o which_o have_v well_o dry_v they_o pound_n they_o with_o the_o some_o cod_n of_o chili_n or_o long_o red_a pepper_n of_o america_n a_o handful_n of_o aniseed_n some_o quantity_n of_o cinnamon_n clove_n and_o likewise_o of_o white_a sugar_n till_o they_o have_v bring_v they_o all_o into_o a_o soft_a powder_n or_o paste_n which_o they_o put_v up_o into_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o what_o quantity_n and_o bigness_n they_o please_v lay_v it_o first_o upon_o paper_n within_o the_o box_n from_o which_o upon_o occasion_n the_o powder_n or_o paste_n will_v easy_o separate_v but_o to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v of_o earth_n or_o wood_n it_o stick_v fast_o they_o put_v to_o it_o likewise_o certain_a grain_n of_o achiotte_n which_o be_v another_o fruit_n of_o the_o west-indies_n grow_v much_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o cacao_n viz._n many_o grain_n of_o it_o together_o in_o one_o husk_n or_o cod_n all_o of_o they_o red_a this_o be_v only_o to_o give_v the_o cacao_n a_o good_a colour_n and_o the_o achiotte_n be_v common_o pound_v by_o itself_o and_o sell_v in_o box_n or_o little_a round_a cake_n yet_o so_o fine_a and_o dry_a that_o it_o will_v easy_o mix_v and_o incorporate_v itself_o with_o the_o cacao_n to_o give_v it_o tincture_n the_o better_a sort_n and_o they_o that_o mean_v to_o make_v the_o chocolatte_a rich_a and_o very_a please_a add_v many_o other_o ingredient_n but_o these_o already_o mention_v be_v the_o most_o common_o use_v and_o the_o cacao_n thus_o make_v up_o they_o sell_v usual_o at_o four_o shilling_n a_o pound_n this_o be_v chocolatte_a or_o the_o confectioned_a cacao_n and_o as_o there_o be_v difference_n in_o the_o composition_n of_o it_o so_o likewise_o they_o drink_v it_o diverse_a way_n the_o rich_a be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v by_o the_o gallant_n and_o lady_n at_o mexico_n viz._n to_o drink_v hot_a with_o atolle_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o dissolve_v a_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o cacao_n in_o some_o little_a quantity_n of_o pure_a hot_a water_n stand_v on_o the_o fire_n and_o have_v first_o with_o a_o molinet_n or_o some_o other_o instrument_n stir_v it_o up_o and_o well_o mix_v the_o cacao_n and_o water_n together_o they_o put_v so_o much_o of_o atolle_v into_o it_o as_o fill_v up_o the_o cup_n or_o vessel_n and_o so_o drink_v it_o by_o supping_n very_o hot_a this_o atolle_v be_v itself_o a_o rich_a and_o delicious_a liquor_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v by_o and_o by_o but_o the_o most_o usual_a way_n of_o drink_v it_o be_v to_o dissolve_v a_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o cacao_n in_o hot_a water_n and_o have_v well_o sweeten_v it_o with_o sugar_n to_o drink_v it_o without_o more_o ado_n only_o with_o some_o conserves_n or_o naples-biscuit_n either_o dry_a or_o steep_v in_o the_o chocolatte_a as_o every_o one_o please_v sometime_o also_o they_o dissolve_v it_o in_o cold_a water_n and_o stir_v it_o continual_o with_o a_o molinet_n till_o it_o rise_v to_o a_o scum_n or_o froth_n which_o they_o take_v off_o and_o put_v into_o some_o other_o vessel_n or_o cup_n and_o make_v the_o other_o hot_a which_o when_o they_o have_v likewise_o sweeten_v with_o sugar_n they_o pour_v out_o into_o the_o vessel_n where_o the_o scum_n or_o froth_n be_v that_o be_v first_o take_v off_o and_o so_o drink_v they_o both_o together_o but_o this_o way_n be_v not_o hold_v to_o be_v so_o good_a as_o cause_v obsruction_n
of_o silver_n a_o substance_n or_o metallick_n body_n wherein_o the_o element_n of_o water_n seem_v to_o pravail_v in_o some_o undue_a proportion_n above_o that_o of_o fire_n render_v thereby_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o metal_n of_o a_o constitution_n phlegmatic_a as_o i_o may_v say_v and_o feminine_a that_o be_v weak_a and_o less_o able_a to_o resist_v contrariety_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o pale_a colour_n of_o it_o and_o by_o experience_n upon_o all_o occasion_n of_o trial_n yet_o in_o comparison_n of_o all_o other_o metal_n except_o gold_n only_o it_o be_v with_o all_o reason_n prefer_v and_o questionless_a excel_v they_o all_o both_o in_o purity_n and_o perfection_n of_o mixture_n as_o much_o as_o itself_o be_v excel_v by_o gold_n and_o perhaps_o much_o more_o for_o i_o observe_v the_o metal_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n do_v both_o of_o they_o exceed_v all_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o metal_n whither_o iron_n brass_n copper_n etc._n etc._n incomparable_o or_o beyond_o comparison_n as_o we_o say_v i_o mean_v there_o never_o be_v any_o certain_a comparison_n or_o proportion_n of_o value_n fix_v and_o settle_v betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o by_o estimation_n or_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o man_n as_o to_o say_v how_o much_o a_o pound_n of_o gold_n be_v better_a worth_n than_o a_o pound_n of_o iron_n or_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n than_o a_o pound_n of_o brass_n or_o lead_n not_o but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o calculate_v and_o know_v how_o much_o the_o one_o exceed_v the_o other_o in_o value_n but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o common_o know_v nor_o ever_o be_v i_o suppose_v by_o any_o general_a and_o certain_a estimation_n or_o count_n among_o man_n whereas_o the_o proportion_n or_o difference_n in_o value_n betwixt_o gold_n and_o silver_n have_v ever_o be_v general_o and_o certain_o know_v among_o man_n not_o indeed_o so_o fix_v &_o certain_a as_o to_o be_v always_o &_o in_o all_o place_n one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o it_o vari_v according_a to_o time_n and_o place_n and_o especial_o according_a as_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o metal_n be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o needful_a or_o count_v less_o necessary_a among_o man_n but_o yet_o a_o proportion_n or_o some_o certain_a difference_n in_o value_n have_v be_v ever_o common_o estimate_v and_o assign_v betwixt_o they_o ancient_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o these_o metal_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v of_o ten_o for_o one_o that_o be_v one_o talon_n of_o gold_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v worth_a ten_o talent_n of_o silver_n so_o that_o if_o five_o talent_n of_o gold_n be_v due_a and_o a_o man_n will_v make_v payment_n in_o silver_n he_o shall_v pay_v fifty_o talent_n and_o for_o fifty_o due_a in_o gold_n five_o hundred_o in_o silver_n pliny_n report_v that_o at_o the_o first_o coin_v of_o these_o metal_n in_o rome_n the_o proportion_n be_v fourteen_o and_o a_o half_a or_o fifteen_o for_o one_o other_o as_o herodotus_n speak_v of_o thirteen_o but_o that_o which_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v most_o common_a at_o the_o indies_n china_n and_o other_o place_n especial_o where_o silver_n be_v scarce_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o twelve_o for_o one_o so_o that_o if_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v worth_a five_o shilling_n as_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o ounce_n of_o gold_n be_v worth_a three_o pound_n sterling_a &_o a_o pound_n of_o gold_n in_o weight_n worth_n no_o less_o than_o forty_o eight_o pound_n of_o silver_n in_o coyn._n 3._o of_o this_o metal_n viz_o gold_n there_o be_v such_o plenty_n at_o the_o west-indies_n that_o beside_o the_o infinite_a rich_a mine_n thereof_o which_o they_o have_v in_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o southern_a part_n viz._n peru_n castilia_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la chile_n etc._n etc._n and_o likewise_o in_o many_o of_o they_o in_o the_o northern_a especial_o in_o the_o country_n of_o nicaragua_n veragua_n guadalaiara_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o river_n of_o note_n in_o all_o those_o part_n but_o the_o sand_n of_o it_o be_v well_o powder_v with_o gold_n and_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o it_o to_o the_o washer_n yea_o the_o very_a earth_n or_o common_a soil_n which_o they_o dig_v or_o otherwise_o take_v up_o in_o most_o part_n of_o peru_n be_v so_o tincture_v with_o it_o and_o yield_v ever_o and_o anon_o such_o grain_n and_o crumbling_n of_o it_o that_o acosta_n a_o author_n no_o way_n lavish_a of_o his_o report_n nor_o of_o a_o light_a judgement_n profess_v to_o think_v there_o be_v much_o more_o of_o the_o metal_n yet_o to_o be_v discover_v than_o have_v be_v find_v judge_v as_o he_o do_v by_o the_o general_a quality_n or_o tincture_n of_o the_o soil_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o gold_n at_o the_o indies_n or_o rather_o the_o same_o gold_n or_o metal_n they_o find_v in_o three_o several_a manner_n or_o way_n viz._n in_o grain_n as_o they_o call_v they_o in_o powder_n and_o in_o stone_n gold_n in_o grain_n they_o call_v certain_a small_a piece_n of_o gold_n which_o they_o find_v in_o the_o earth_n of_o pure_a and_o perfect_a metal_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o base_a alloy_n or_o at_o least_o with_o so_o small_a a_o mixture_n as_o it_o scarce_o need_v melt_a or_o refine_n these_o the_o spaniard_n in_o america_n call_v pepone_n from_o some_o resemblance_n which_o the_o grain_n have_v to_o the_o seed_n of_o melon_n or_o pompion_n though_o many_o time_n they_o be_v much_o big_a and_o contain_v a_o pound_n weight_n or_o more_o they_o find_v silver_n likewise_o sometime_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n viz_o in_o grain_n and_o pure_a but_o that_o be_v but_o seldom_o and_o a_o little_a in_o comparison_n of_o what_o they_o find_v of_o the_o other_o gold_n in_o stone_n be_v a_o vein_n or_o little_a mine_n of_o gold_n which_o grow_v and_o spread_v itself_o into_o branch_n in_o some_o flint_n or_o other_o stone_n just_a as_o silver_n do_v in_o the_o mine_n much_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v find_v in_o the_o mine_n of_o curuma_n and_o about_o the_o salinas_n or_o salt-wooks_a of_o peru_n a_o place_n so_o call_v where_o they_o find_v huge_a stone_n pierce_v many_o time_n quite_o through_o and_o interlace_v every_o way_n with_o vein_n of_o gold_n in_o such_o quantity_n and_o so_o rich_o that_o the_o stone_n be_v find_v not_o seldom_o to_o be_v more_o than_o half_a gold_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v that_o which_o they_o find_v most_o common_o in_o the_o mine_n and_o be_v very_o good_a gold_n but_o require_v excessive_a labour_n and_o pain_n to_o break_v it_o from_o the_o stone_n and_o to_o get_v it_o forth_o gold_n in_o powder_n be_v that_o which_o they_o gather_v in_o river_n brook_n and_o other_o place_n where_o any_o store_n of_o water_n pass_v from_o the_o mountain_n the_o stream_n or_o torrent_n whereof_o bring_v along_o with_o they_o from_o the_o say_a mountain_n abundance_n of_o this_o metal_n in_o small_a piece_n which_o as_o it_o come_v settle_v continual_o in_o the_o sand_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o say_a river_n where_o afterward_o it_o be_v find_v i_o say_v the_o gold_n itself_o be_v most_o probable_o think_v to_o be_v engender_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n or_o mountainous_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o perhaps_o not_o far_o from_o the_o source_n and_o spring_n of_o those_o river_n in_o which_o it_o be_v find_v and_o into_o who_o stream_n it_o be_v easy_o conceive_v to_o be_v devolve_v in_o tract_n of_o time_n by_o shower_n of_o rain_n and_o by_o many_o other_o natural_a cause_n and_o be_v not_o breed_v or_o engender_v in_o the_o sand_n or_o stream_n itself_o and_o so_o likewise_o it_o be_v observe_v they_o find_v most_o plenty_n of_o it_o common_o after_o some_o great_a flood_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o gold_n they_o gather_v great_a quantity_n there_o be_v as_o i_o say_v scarce_o a_o river_n of_o note_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o peru_n or_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n who_o sand_n be_v not_o more_o or_o less_o tinctured_a and_o enamel_v with_o it_o and_o it_o be_v most_o plentiful_a so_o be_v it_o likewise_o for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o pure_a and_o need_v not_o half_a that_o labour_n of_o refine_n it_o which_o gold_n in_o stone_n or_o of_o the_o mine_n usual_o do_v to_o gather_v it_o they_o first_o of_o all_o divert_v or_o turn_v the_o course_n of_o the_o stream_n some_o other_o way_n and_o then_o search_v the_o ford_n especial_o in_o the_o breach_n if_o there_o be_v any_o and_o in_o the_o cliff_n or_o hollow_a place_n of_o the_o bank_n where_o it_o be_v likely_a it_o may_v settle_v in_o its_o passage_n with_o the_o water_n and_o in_o such_o place_n they_o always_o find_v best_a store_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o woman_n work_n to_o gather_v this_o sort_n of_o gold_n which_o
before_o they_o come_v at_o the_o mine_n they_o be_v force_v to_o use_v the_o compass_n to_o direct_v their_o course_n as_o if_o they_o be_v at_o sea_n according_a as_o by_o the_o sign_n they_o observe_v the_o vein_n to_o run_v when_o they_o first_o find_v it_o they_o have_v likewise_o another_o advantage_n of_o the_o water_n when_o they_o dig_v the_o my_o this_o way_n viz._n that_o by_o the_o force_n of_o it_o in_o the_o channel_n or_o pipe_n by_o which_o it_o run_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n they_o turn_v about_o certain_a mill_n and_o other_o engine_n by_o which_o they_o break_v and_o grind_v the_o metal_n when_o they_o have_v get_v it_o out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o prepare_v it_o for_o the_o refine_n do_v likewise_o thereby_o many_o other_o necessary_a business_n appertain_v to_o the_o mine_n nevertheless_o about_o and_o near_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o mine_n they_o have_v house_n of_o all_o necessary_a office_n beside_o for_o the_o miner_n and_o other_o workman_n and_o especial_o a_o smith_n forge_n for_o the_o sharpen_n and_o repair_v of_o their_o tool_n for_o their_o labour_n be_v excessive_a hard_a and_o difficult_a and_o it_o require_v both_o edge_a tool_n and_o strong_a arm_n to_o split_v the_o hard_a metal_n and_o break_v it_o out_o of_o the_o mine_n which_o they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v with_o wedge_n hammer_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o instrument_n and_o with_o no_o less_o difficulty_n than_o they_o break_v the_o hard_a flint_n or_o any_o other_o quarry_n of_o stone_n they_o labour_v likewise_o perpetual_o in_o they_o i_o mean_v by_o turn_n so_o as_o while_o one_o company_n work_v another_o sleep_v and_o take_v rest_n but_o the_o work_n itself_o of_o the_o mine_n never_o stand_v still_o but_o go_v continual_o on_o night_n and_o day_n of_o which_o in_o the_o mine_n they_o know_v no_o difference_n work_v altogether_o by_o candlelight_n as_o well_o by_o day_n as_o by_o night_n and_o without_o which_o their_o noon_n and_o their_o midnight_n will_v be_v both_o alike_o for_o indeed_o the_o mine_n in_o this_o respect_n may_v be_v take_v for_o the_o suburb_n of_o hell_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o extreme_a darkness_n and_o how_o near_o soever_o they_o be_v to_o that_o which_o command_v all_o thing_n yet_o they_o always_o want_v there_o three_o of_o the_o chief_a comfort_n of_o nature_n have_v neither_o sun_n nor_o light_n nor_o good_a air_n in_o the_o mine_n 5._o the_o last_o and_o most_o curious_a work_n about_o the_o metal_n be_v the_o refine_n of_o they_o that_o be_v the_o separate_n and_o purge_v they_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o other_o courser_n metal_n with_o which_o they_o be_v always_o more_o or_o less_o engender_v in_o the_o mine_n this_o be_v do_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n either_o by_o fire_n or_o by_o quicksilver_n the_o indian_n ancient_o before_o the_o spaniard_n come_v among_o they_o use_v no_o other_o way_n of_o refine_n but_o only_o by_o fire_n and_o melt_v of_o the_o metal_n to_o which_o end_n they_o have_v usual_o and_o have_v still_o in_o many_o place_n to_o this_o day_n several_a small_a furnace_n which_o they_o call_v guayras_n build_v near_o the_o mine_n in_o place_n where_o the_o wind_n common_o blow_v with_o which_o without_o further_a trouble_n or_o need_v of_o bellows_o only_o by_o supply_v they_o with_o wood_n or_o coal_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a they_o make_v their_o refine_n and_o they_o say_v there_o be_v some_o kind_n of_o silver_n particular_o that_o of_o potozi_n which_o will_v not_o be_v melt_v by_o any_o artificial_a wind_n they_o can_v make_v as_o of_o the_o bellows_o or_o otherwise_o but_o only_o by_o that_o which_o be_v natural_a of_o the_o guayras_n and_o therefore_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o that_o huge_a mountain_n viz._n potozi_n there_o be_v common_o see_v five_o or_o six_o thousand_o of_o these_o guayras_n or_o little_a fire_n burn_v all_o at_o one_o time_n together_o which_o in_o a_o evening_n or_o dark_a night_n they_o say_v be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a spectacle_n to_o behold_v they_o blaze_v all_o at_o once_o like_o so_o many_o little_a comet_n or_o fix_v meteor_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o more_o common_a and_o speedy_a way_n be_v to_o refine_v by_o quicksilver_n which_o the_o spaniard_n do_v now_o general_o use_v both_o because_o they_o have_v extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o it_o and_o because_o they_o find_v it_o draw_v more_o silver_n out_o of_o the_o mass_n which_o they_o refine_v than_o by_o fire_n they_o can_v do_v 6._o quicksilver_n among_o metal_n be_v like_o water_n among_o the_o element_n it_o be_v the_o glue_n and_o solder_v of_o they_o viz._n when_o it_o be_v refract_v and_o in_o due_a proportion_n for_o otherwise_o when_o it_o be_v unite_v and_o entire_a in_o itself_o it_o separate_v and_o consume_v all_o of_o they_o but_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o which_o respect_n they_o call_v it_o not_o improper_o the_o humidum_fw-la radical_a of_o metal_n it_o be_v a_o liquid_a substance_n have_v no_o certain_a form_n or_o fix_a subsistence_n of_o itself_o but_o run_v continual_o from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o other_o metal_n do_v when_o they_o be_v melt_v yet_o be_v it_o the_o heavy_a and_o most_o compact_a of_o all_o other_o metal_n for_o they_o all_o swim_v upon_o quicksilver_n and_o will_v never_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n they_o say_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n of_o two_o or_o three_o pound_n weight_n have_v be_v cast_v into_o a_o little_a barrel_n or_o vessel_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o it_o like_o cork_n or_o some_o piece_n of_o light_a wood_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n and_o will_v not_o sink_v only_a gold_n they_o say_v will_v sink_v which_o they_o attribute_v to_o a_o secret_a property_n and_o sympathy_n that_o be_v betwixt_o those_o two_o metal_n it_o have_v many_o rare_a and_o admirable_a property_n but_o that_o which_o may_v seem_v most_o remarkable_a and_o which_o fit_v it_o so_o much_o for_o the_o effect_n we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o viz._n the_o refine_n and_o purify_n of_o the_o metal_n be_v the_o natural_a sympathy_n and_o inclination_n which_o it_o have_v to_o gold_n and_o silver_n especial_o the_o first_o which_o it_o natural_o seek_v out_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o all_o metal_n separate_v and_o divide_v it_o from_o they_o all_o and_o itself_o embrace_v and_o circle_v it_o round_o about_o immediate_o and_o without_o the_o mixture_n or_o interposition_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o itself_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o not_o altogether_o so_o intimate_o and_o perfect_o it_o unite_v with_o silver_n not_o penetrate_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o metal_n which_o the_o perfect_a composition_n thereof_o if_o it_o be_v pure_a and_o fine_a resist_v and_o forbid_v as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o only_o embrace_v and_o circle_v about_o it_o on_o all_o side_n yet_o pierce_v and_o consume_v the_o courser_n metal_n if_o there_o be_v and_o so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o of_o they_o mix_v with_o it_o and_o though_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o the_o heavy_a of_o all_o other_o metal_n yet_o be_v it_o soon_o transmute_v or_o change_v into_o the_o light_a substance_n of_o all_o viz._n smoke_n which_o a_o little_a fire_n present_o do_v and_o that_o smoke_n evaporate_n and_o fly_v up_o into_o any_o cold_a region_n or_o when_o it_o encounter_v any_o cold_a metal_n as_o in_o the_o head_n or_o top_n of_o a_o still_o it_o present_o gather_v together_o again_o and_o become_v perfect_a quicksilver_n hence_o it_o serve_v so_o excellent_o well_o to_o refine_v and_o purify_v both_o these_o metal_n viz._n gold_n and_o silver_n and_o likewise_o to_o be_v itself_o separate_v from_o they_o again_o afterward_o it_o grow_v natural_o in_o the_o vermilion_n or_o minium_n which_o be_v a_o metal_n well_o know_v &_o much_o use_v for_o paint_v &_o die_v and_o of_o which_o they_o have_v admirable_a rich_a mine_n in_o diverse_a part_n of_o america_n especial_o those_o of_o palcas_n out_o of_o which_o they_o draw_v yearly_a only_o for_o the_o king_n use_n a_o hundred_o thousand_o peso_n of_o i_o and_o those_o of_o guancavilca_n which_o yield_v every_o year_n eight_o or_o nine_o thousand_o quintal_n or_o so_o many_o time_n one_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o pound_n weight_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o of_o another_o they_o report_v that_o a_o poor_a indian_a of_o acoria_n who_o first_o find_v it_o sell_v the_o interest_n which_o he_o thereby_o have_v in_o the_o mine_n viz._n for_o discover_v of_o it_o for_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o duckat_n and_o afterward_o commence_v a_o suit_n against_o the_o buyer_n for_o deceive_v he_o in_o the_o bargain_n it_o be_v find_v that_o his_o only_a interest_n in_o the_o mine_n for_o find_v it_o be_v well_o worth_a