Selected quad for the lemma: fire_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
fire_n	body_n	earth_n	element_n	4,634	5	9.8975	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A38593	Geologia Norvegica, or, A brief instructive remembrancer concerning that very great and spacious earthquake, which hapned [sic] almost quite through the south parts of Norvvay upon the 24th day of April, in the year 1657 also physical, historical, and theological grounds and reasons concerning the causes and significations of earthquakes / written in the Danish tongue by Michael Peterson Escholt ... ; and Englished by Daniel Collins.; Geologia Norvegica. English	Escholt, Michel Pedersøn, d. 1666.; Collins, Daniel, 17th cent.	1663 (1663)	Wing E3252; ESTC R15886	31,029	106

shapes such as are whole pieces of pure Silver or Copper in the shapes of Men Women Horses Fowls Fishes Dragons Trees and the like which have been really found both in the Silver and the Copper-Mines here in Norway and are safely reserved by such as are partners in the Mines as miracles of nature It is likewise certain that there are divers Spirits found in many of the Ore Mines amongst which some do the workmen no harm at all but otherwise wander up and down below in the Mines and seem to imitate the Labourers in the Mine in doing all kind of work after an Apish Antick fashion some seem to hew the Ore loose some to fill that which is hewen into tubs and to wind it up some seem to hasten the rest to follow their work and yet they do nothing at all but only mock the Labourers in the Mines and these are most frequently seen in those Mines where much Ore is shortly after found But some of these Spirits are so dangerous and pernitious in some places that they do destroy and kill the Laborers in the Mines infesting and expelling them so that they are forced wholly to give over and forsake the Mines and repair to other places as it hapned at Anneberg in Elsatz in Germany at a M●ne-pit then called Corona Rosacea or Rosen Crown And here is to be observed that nature doth often yea for the most part mix more sorts then one together as Gold Silver and Copper as also Silver Copper Tinn and Lead one with another from whence this word Metal derives its name from the Greek quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the one mixt with the other And moreover besides this Nature doth sometimes work and produce Metals below in the earth that are found to be hard tight and solid as if they had been cast or wrought with the hammer but sometimes and most commonly it is found growing in and mixed with stone so that the Ory stones must be beaten with pestles as in a morter and then the Ore-power melted in Furnaces and afterwards refined from the drosse before any necessary thing can be made of it And this may suffice to be spoken concerning several Minerals and Metals and how wonderfully they may be wrought and changed within and under the earth and do help to the production of great Earthquakes CHAP. IV. Concerning Air and Wind that is inclosed in the Earth and how it doth occasion great and terrible Earthquakes IT is an universal Axiome and Physical rule non datur vacuum in rerum natura that is there is nothing found empty in Nature whence it follows that all things over or under the earth must of necessity be full or filled with something especially with one or more of the four Elements which be Fire Air Earth and Water and where none of the visible Elements are there the Air is present being a thin subtile and invisible body that fils up all places and things every where which seem to our eies to be empty the which we may easily try and experiment by putting a hollow Reed Straw or Feather into Wine Beer Water or other liquid stuff yea though it were Sand or loose Earth and afterwards strongly sucking out and drawing to us the Air that is in the hollow reed or straw we do presently see that before the reed or straw will be empty the heavy stuff that is below will come up into and fill the hollow place in it until it can recover its lost air again the same may be perceived when one drinks Tobacco for when the Air is suckt out of the pipe into the mouth then before the hollow of the pipe will be empty the smoak is forced as it were by the power of nature to forsake the fire that is in the tobacco to fill up the hollowness of the pipe least it should be empty Now the earth within is not generally close and tight but cleft and parted one piece from another in many places And there are also many Rocks and great stones below in it that have their Clefts Cracks and Cranies which are wide and large and as it were hollow and empty besides the earth in many places is sunk down from the Corners Angles and uneveness of those Rocks and Stones which makes many great hollow and as it were empty places within the earth And besides this the earth is on all sides environed with water and is with several Seas and running streams both salt and fresh enterlac't and filled as the body is with veins and is also with great and long Rains often wet and moistned by which means she is soakt thorough with water and the same water in time gets into those hollow places below in the earth but being hindred in its course to such places doth again spring up in certain places of the earth as may by several Springs be perceived and observed And besides all this there must needs be a wonderful great water in the innermost parts of the earth which Moses that man of God the writer of the creation of the worlds foundation calls the fountains of the great deep Gen. 7. chap. 11. ver and 8. chap. 2. ver which springs up in many places so abundantly both hot and cold that it makes great and rapid streams above the earth Now where such great waters under the earth cannot break forward and force themselves thorough to those hollow places in the earth there the Air being a more thin and subtile body than the water forceth it selfe through and fils them For as the moisture humours and spirits do often force themselves through the Pores of a mans warm body or a horse that sweats through whose thick hide the humours and moisture so pierces that the Horse seems to smoak again with reek In like manner the Air goes about to and fro below in the earth seeking to fill those hollow and empty places according to the appointment of nature which suffers nothing to be empty as is before mentioned Now when such hollow places are filled with subterraneous water or with other stuff then is the inclosed Air expelled and forced thence comming up out of those holes and appearing above the earth as a thick fogg mist or smoak which in Latine is called halitus exhalationes evaporationes but we here in Norway call it a mist whereof some are thicker then others and of different colours according as the said Air so arising and expelled hath contracted its thickness and colour from that moisture below in the earth with which it was mixed and inclosed And then if the earth be so close Tight and solid that the Air cannot so suddainly get passage to depart away it breaks out by force and when this conflict and breach betwixt the subterraneous Air and Water happens then the earth as the seat of this warr must certainly quake tremble shake and be moved and this is called Terrae motus that is an Earthquake whereof the following

each in his Celestial station about the space of a whole Day and a Night Josh 10. 13. Also before the Moabites were subdued by the Kings of Judah and Israel the Moabites Water was turned into bloud 2 Kin. 3. 22. I will not now speak of the many Signs and Tokens that preceded the Desolation and Destruction of the hardned Egyptians and Jerusalem because it would be too tedious to recite here But I do averre that when such unusual signs and tokens do happen especially when such a Mountanous and Rocky Land even from its Foundation upwards with its Seas Streams and Rivers shall for the space of so many Miles together tremble and quake we ought not in any case to slight or think lightly of it Wherefore without any longer Delay I will now enter upon my proposed Discourse CHAP. I. Concerning the Qualities and Properties of the Earth its wonderfull yet natural operations within it self WHen we seriously weigh and consider the inward and outward nature and properties of the earth which God Almighty hath given unto it for the benefit of Mankind not only that we should have our being and habitation upon it but also receive our natural lives support and maintenance from it Then we may very well say with great Joy and Admiration as the Kingly Prophet David did in Psalm 8. O Lord our Lord how wonderful and glorious is thy name in all the earth For we do in truth experimentally find That the earth is in every kind like unto a loving and serviceable Mother or Nurse unto us and therefore is justly termed by that great Teacher of the Oeconomicks namely Sirach The Mother of us all Chap. 40. v. 1. For when we are born into the world the Earth entertaines us and as long as we live in the world by her plenty and liberality she nourishes and sustaines us and finally when we shall at last depart from hence again she like a tender Mother receives us as it were into her Bosom or Lap and preserves us from all that evil whereof this world is full and lets us rest within her self in peace until the last day when she shall make such perfect restitution of us again that she shall not suffer the least Joynt or Member of us to be lost or perish no not a hair or one drop of Bloud wherewith Job comforteth himself in his great misery in the 19th Chap. of the Book of his Patience V. 27. And besides this we can never sufficiently conceive and apprehend what rich Treasure and precious Jewels the Earth retaineth within it self partly hidden and partly discoverable some whereof she yearly distributeth to her Inhabitants None of the four Elements is more constantly near us or a more faithful and continual Assistant unto us then the Earth For the Elements of Water and Ayr do often much damnifie and endanger us the Element Fire is too high for us or else might do us good by its warmth and operation yet sometimes by Thunder and Lightning doth sufficiently affright and hurt us But the element of Earth only as a faithful Nursing Mother never forsakes us so long as the world endures but without cessation doth constantly assist us in Life and Death in Prosperity and Adversity so that we are never forsaken of her in this World no not after Death And who can sufficiently conceive or express the wonderful Operations and Labours which the Earth yearly undergoes and performes night and day for our sakes She hath never any rest neither outwardly nor inwardly Outwardly she produces and provides grass and Hay for those Creatures which are appointed by God to cloath and feed us and also several fruitful Trees each according to his kind in great numbers Likewise divers sorts of Herbs as well for our delight as Food Physick and preservation of our healths Besides great variety of Corn as wheat Rie Barley Pease Oates and divers other sorts of Grain which afford us necessary Maintenance and Subsistence Inwardly she workes and produces for us many kinds of Minerals Metals and precious Stones which those that labour in the Mines know well how such her Treasure to search for find and get out of the depth of her Bowels and bring them to light and use So that we may sufficiently see and observe that God Almighty hath his especial Laboratorium or Work-house even in the deepest and most bottomless places not only to cause wholsom waters warm Baths Springs and Rivers to arise but also to make and produce Gold Silver Copper Tin Iron Lead Brass c. And Multitudes of precious Stones But now when this Laboratorium or Work-house of the Lord with all its Treasure and Glory shall quake tremble and shake contrary to its Creators solid fixation Psal 89. 11. 2 Pet. Ch. 3. v. 5. Then certainly there must be something out of order somewhere that doth signifie some especial and unusual thing Moreover touching such things as Nature doth so work and produce in the innermost parts and bowels of the Earth they do partly shew themselves openly above the earth and do often break out both to the greatest admiration and terrour of men Such are Meteors that is Fogs Mists bright burning Damps like a flame that flies about which the Vulgar in Denmarke call the Lanthorn-man and also Rings about the Sun and Moon and a certain moveable Light in the Heavens which often shewes like Souldiers fighting Ships sayling two or three Sunnes together and the like All which is caused partly by only earthish and partly by earthish and waterish Mixtures and Damps together proceeding from the wonderful workings of Nature within the earth And this we may be assured of that there happens no such admirable and powerful effects of Nature above the Earth but that there is far greater and more wonderful operations below and within the earth by the various workings and Concoctions of Nature partly by subterraneous water and partly by subterraneous fire Concerning the subterraneous waters you shall have better Information in the Second and Fourth Chapters how they may be the Cause of Great Earthquakes but we must speak somthing here concerning the subterraneous Fire which doth also cause great motion and powerful stirrings in the Earth and doth often help to the production of Earthquakes and shall be handled in the Following Chapter CHAP. II. Concerning Fire which is found to be below in the Earth its wonderful Nature and powerful Effects THe Learned and wise Searchers and Inspectors into Nature deny not but that such substances as the waters in the innermost parts of the Earth have their course through and do cover steep and soak do give the same waters several and distinct vertues smels qualities tasts and colours As for example The water that runs through steeps soakes or covers Brimstony or Victrillish earth hath a far different nature vertue tast and colour from that which runs through Salt-Peterish Allomish or Limish earth but they will by no meanes grant

City broke down the Walls Fortresses and places of strength plundered and destroyed all that came before him sparing none and set the City on fire so that for the space of forty days no body could be there for fire and smoak Thus was Rome utterly destroyed by the Goths according to the prediction of Scipio of Carthage who had prophesied it with tears 700 years before when the Romans burnt and destroyed Carthage Two years after the same King Totillas besieged the City of Placentia so long and hard that the Inhabitants were fain to eat one another and at last were forc't to surrender up the City to him In the year 591. there was such a dreadful Earthquake in Antioch that more then 60000 persons perished thereby and thereupon followed an extraordinary hot and dry Summer after which ensued a most fearful famine and a plague and the Lombards with much blood-shed did reform the old Lombards gross Barbarism to the Christian faith In the year 832. there was a terrible Earthquake in Italy whereby certain Citys and Hills were quite swallowed up Thereupon arose a destructive warr between the Emperour Lodovicus Pius and his three Sonns who sought by open warr raised against their Father to deprive him of his Government these three sonns made a League with Gregory the 4th Pope of Rome who threatned to depose the Emperour Lodowick But the German Bishops stuck close to the Emperour and said that if the Pope came thither to excommunicate he should depart thence excommunicated The year following namely 834. The Emperour Lodowick advanced with a great Army into Alsatz to reduce his seditious and rebellious sonns to obedience and submission but was surprized in the battle of Lugenfield by Basell and Lotharins whom Lodowick fully impowred to mannage the Government together with himselfe carried his Father prisoner a long time about with him as a spectacle of wonder At this the Princes of Germany were highly displeased and desired his Sons Lodowick and Pipin that they either by good means or by force would procure their Lord and Father's enlargement if they expected to find any faithful friendship from the High Dutch whereupon the Emperour was set at liberty again In the year 868. there was a great Comet seen in the Air after which followed many Earthquakes and after that a great plague and there did arise a terrible warr between the three Brothers the sons of the Emperour Lodowick which of them should get and enjoy the Empire alone The Danes sail'd over and invaded Scotland and there with sword fire and plundering put all things into confusion went afterwards into England and took Edmund the King of England prisoner in a Church drag'd him out and hang'd him up on a tree and shot his body full of Arrows the 20th day of November in the year 870. as Matthew Westmonster writes And King Harrald Haarfager waged a furious warr in Norway for the space of ten years subdued and expelled all the petty Kings and turned the Government into a Monarchy in the year 878. In the year 882. the 29th of December there hapned a fearful Earthquake in Germany whereby many fair houses and buildings in Worms were destroyed Thereupon it followed that the Normen and Danes under the conduct of Godfrid their King marched to the River Rhine rob'd and plunder'd all wheresoever they came demolisht and destroyed to the very ground Camerich Tornai Arras Tarren and Gent burnt up Lowen Utrecht Lurich Neus Coln Achen and Gulich Whereupon the Emperour Carolus Crassus was sent for cut of Italy by the French and German Princes to defend his own Countrey against the tyranny of the Normen but he could not prevail by force of Arms and therefore concluded a peace with them and delivered into their possession the Province of Newstria in France to be their own free inheritance which is called by them now at this day Normandia or Normandy In the year 983. there was a most terrible Earthquake in Italy whereby Beneventura and Capua were destroyed Thereupon followed an extraordinary drie Summer and burning drought which occasioned a great scarcity and a fearful plague In the year 990. there hapned terrible Earthquakes in many places and thereupon ensued fearful and incredible inundations of water all over Europe upon which followed an extraordinary hot and dry Summer that burnt up the fruits of the earth which occasioned a great scarcity and famine every where In Saxony there rained F●sh out of the Air and in Albania there rained Corn from Heaven but unfit for the use of man The Sunn was wholly Eclipsed and a great piece of fire fell down out of the Air and burnt upon the earth after which followed a most terrible plague so that the living which bare the dead to their graves fell down dead themselves and were buried together and there came much fire from the River of Rhine also by which many of the adjacent Towns and Villages were wholly burnt up In the year 1085. there hapned a fearful Earthquake in England whereby many houses were overthrown and much harm done and it followed thereupon that King William of England caused all his Subjects annual Profits Estates and Incomes of every kind both of Corn-land Medows Woods Pastures Cattle and Sheep and every thing they had to live upon to be Registred and accordingly required great contribution of the Countrey which caused danger ous civil tumults uproars and discontents in the Land and there followed also a very unfruitfull year In the year 1085. there hapned a terrible Earthquake in Lorain whereupon there followed a fierce plague and suddain death of people And the same year there was unspeakable harm done in the Netherlands by great and unusual inundations of water both to people and Cattle In the year 1126. there was another terrible Earthquake in Italy which lasted 40 days Thereupon followed a lamentable mis-growth of the fruits of the earth and a most miserable famine as also a destructive and bloody warr between the Emperour Lotharius and the German Princes and between the Bohemians and Conrad Duke of Frankenland In the year 1135. there were several terrible Earthquakes heard of both in England and in Germany whereby many houses were thrown down the fire also burnt fearfully out of the earth for certain days together and could not be quenched by water nor by any other kind of thing And besides that there was very great mischief done in many places of Germany by other fire Mentz and its Cathedral was burnt in the Cities of Spire and Strasborg many Churches and Cloysters were laid in Ashes Ausburg was almost quite burnt up and a third part of Goslar Hall in Saxony flew up into the air in a smoak and the next year following there was such an extream hot and dry Summer that the waters in great Rivers Channels and streams contrary to Nature did so diminish that men might have gone dry-shod over where great Ships used to sail the Wells and Springs also