Selected quad for the lemma: fire_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
fire_n	body_n	earth_n	element_n	4,634	5	9.8975	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36795	The history of imbanking and drayning of divers fenns and marshes, both in forein parts and in this kingdom, and of the improvements thereby extracted from records, manuscripts, and other authentick testimonies / by William Dugdale.	Dugdale, William, Sir, 1605-1686.	1662 (1662)	Wing D2481; ESTC R975	640,720	507

the_o history_n of_o imbank_v and_o drayn_n of_o divers_a fen_n and_o marsh_n both_o in_o foreign_a part_n and_o in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o of_o the_o improvement_n thereby_o extract_v from_o record_n manuscript_n and_o other_o authentic_a testimony_n by_o william_n dugdale_n esquire_n norroy_n king_n of_o arms._n london_n print_v by_o alice_n warren_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n mdclxii_o to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n most_o gracious_a sovereign_n the_o first_o and_o great_a attempt_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o this_o kingdom_n for_o the_o general_a drayn_n of_o those_o vast_a fen_n lie_v in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o the_o county_n adjacent_a be_v by_o that_o prudent_a and_o grave_a prelate_n john_n morton_n sometime_o bishop_n of_o ely_n the_o principal_a instrument_n of_o that_o happy_a union_n betwixt_o the_o two_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n as_o the_o channel_n betwixt_o peterborough_n and_o wisbeche_n still_o bear_v his_o name_n do_v witness_v and_o the_o next_o by_o your_o royal_a grandfather_n and_o father_n of_o bless_a memory_n the_o chief_a branch_n of_o that_o renown_a stock_n which_o not_o succeed_v as_o it_o be_v design_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o distraction_n of_o those_o time_n it_o will_v be_v no_o small_a honour_n to_o your_o sacred_a majesty_n and_o advantage_n of_o your_o realm_n to_o complete_a and_o make_v perfect_a that_o noble_a undertake_n to_o which_o end_n i_o most_o humble_o offer_v unto_o your_o majesty_n this_o present_a historical_a discourse_n whereby_o it_o will_v appear_v not_o only_o that_o divers_a great_a and_o mighty_a prince_n and_o other_o person_n famous_a in_o their_o time_n have_v in_o foreign_a part_n be_v active_a in_o work_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o how_o much_o your_o majesty_n be_v own_o royal_a ancestor_n have_v by_o several_a excellent_a and_o wholesome_a law_n promote_v the_o like_a in_o this_o kingdom_n pray_v to_o the_o almighty_a that_o he_o will_v bless_v your_o majesty_n with_o a_o long_a and_o prosperous_a reign_n that_o good_a art_n may_v again_o flourish_v among_o we_o and_o virtue_n receive_v its_o due_a encouragement_n to_o the_o joy_n of_o all_o your_o loyal_a subject_n and_o among_o they_o of_o your_o majesty_n most_o obedient_a subject_n and_o faithful_a servant_n william_n dugdale_n to_o the_o reader_n courteous_a reader_n that_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o king_n be_v in_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v a_o truth_n which_o no_o man_n will_v gainsay_v hence_o be_v it_o that_o those_o country_n the_o soil_n whereof_o be_v natural_o fruitful_a be_v always_o much_o better_o esteem_v than_o such_o as_o be_v sterile_a in_o regard_n they_o afford_v more_o and_o better_a sustenance_n to_o their_o inhabitant_n and_o hence_o be_v it_o likewise_o that_o the_o most_o civilise_a nation_n have_v by_o so_o much_o art_n and_o industry_n endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o best_a improvement_n of_o their_o waste_v commons_o and_o all_o sort_n of_o barren_a land_n among_o which_o advantage_n that_o of_o enclosure_n have_v not_o be_v the_o least_o whereof_o there_o be_v a_o notable_a instance_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northampton_n and_o somerset_n which_o though_o little_a differ_v in_o their_o extent_n and_o goodness_n of_o soil_n yet_o if_o estimation_n may_v be_v make_v by_o muster_n subsidy_n ten_o and_o fifteen_o enclosure_n have_v make_v the_o one_o more_o than_o double_a to_o exceed_v the_o other_o both_o in_o people_n and_o wealth_n as_o have_v long_o ago_o be_v observe_v 45._o by_o some_o of_o great_a judgement_n if_o then_o the_o mere_a enclosure_n and_o tillage_n of_o that_o which_o natural_o yield_v little_a profit_n do_v just_o deserve_v so_o great_a a_o commendation_n how_o much_o more_o be_v the_o skill_n and_o pain_n of_o those_o to_o be_v have_v in_o esteem_n who_o have_v recover_v many_o vast_a proportion_n of_o land_n total_o overwhelm_v with_o a_o deluge_n of_o water_n and_o of_o these_o i_o need_v not_o look_v out_o for_o example_n from_o abroad_o our_o own_o country_n affoard_v a_o multitude_n of_o notable_a instance_n as_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n will_v full_o manifest_v whereby_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o in_o sundry_a part_n of_o this_o realm_n there_o be_v many_o thousand_o of_o acre_n which_o do_v now_o yield_v much_o benefit_n yearly_a by_o rape_n cole-seed_n grass_n hay_o hemp_n flax_n wheat_n oat_n and_o other_o grain_n nay_o by_o all_o sort_n of_o excellent_a plant_n garden-stuff_n and_o fruit_n tree_n which_o in_o former_a time_n be_v drown_v land_n and_o this_o be_v it_o which_o give_v encouragement_n to_o o●●_n two_o late_a sovereign_n of_o bless_a memory_n viz._n king_n james_n and_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o to_o become_v the_o sole_a adventurer_n for_o the_o drayn_n of_o those_o vast_a fen_n of_o cambridgshire_n and_o the_o five_o other_o adjacent_a county_n a_o worthy_a work_n and_o never_o total_o attempt_v till_o their_o time_n well_o discern_v that_o by_o a_o complete_a performance_n thereof_o the_o costly_a and_o troublesome_a meeting_n of_o commissioner_n for_o sewer_n the_o frequent_a great_a tax_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o divers_a bank_n and_o drain_v with_o many_o unhappy_a controversy_n and_o emulation_n relate_v thereto_o may_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n prevent_v and_o if_o our_o industry_n be_v but_o comparable_a to_o that_o of_o our_o neighbour_n in_o the_o belgic_a province_n how_o much_o more_o may_v those_o drayned_a ground_n afford_v we_o for_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n than_o they_o yet_o do_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o lie_v below_o the_o level_n of_o the_o sea_n at_o high_a tide_n be_v drayn_v by_o engine_n which_o cast_v out_o the_o water_n and_o we_o have_v not_o only_o a_o descent_n to_o the_o sea_n but_o divers_a large_a river_n and_o stream_n for_o lead_v the_o water_n to_o their_o natural_a outfall_n to_o give_v instance_n in_o the_o benefit_n first_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o large_a proportion_n of_o this_o one_o level_n which_o be_v no_o less_o than_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o acre_n it_o be_v from_o the_o edge_n of_o suffolk_n to_o waynflete_a in_o lincolnshire_n full_a lxviii_o mile_n in_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o if_o we_o reckon_v by_o the_o bow_n of_o the_o fenn_n which_o run_v up_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n witham_n within_o a_o mile_n of_o lincoln_n it_o may_v be_v well_o account_v lxxx_o mile_n the_o breadth_n be_v in_o many_o place_n thirty_o more_o xx_o and_o seldom_o so_o little_a as_o ten_o mile_n so_o that_o it_o be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o be_v as_o good_a ground_n and_o as_o much_o as_o the_o state_n of_o the_o low_a country_n enjoy_v in_o the_o netherlands_o next_o for_o the_o richness_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v gain_v from_o the_o water_n do_v it_o not_o for_o the_o most_o part_n exceed_v the_o high_a ground_n thereon_o border_v as_o much_o as_o other_o meadow_n do_v which_o be_v ordinary_o let_v for_o xxs._n the_o acre_n and_o do_v we_o not_o see_v that_o in_o the_o marsh_n beyond_o waynflete_a in_o lincolnshire_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v sever_v and_o trench_v it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v a_o poor_a man_n though_o they_o sit_v at_o great_a rent_n for_o their_o cattle_n be_v always_o sound_a and_o thrive_a be_v therefore_o merchandable_a or_o if_o they_o come_v to_o a_o mischance_n yet_o fit_a for_o food_n moreover_o beside_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o flesh_n and_o white_a meat_n with_o the_o breed_n of_o serviceable_a horse_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o abundance_n of_o wool_n hydes_n tallow_n and_o other_o commodity_n which_o this_o fruitful_a ground_n now_o produce_v and_o that_o the_o new_a channel_n make_v for_o the_o drayn_n do_v yield_v no_o small_a advantage_n to_o all_o those_o part_n for_o the_o carriage_n of_o their_o corn_n and_o merchandise_n whereas_o before_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o go_v many_o mile_n about_o according_a to_o the_o natural_a bend_n of_o the_o river_n and_o if_o we_o weigh_v the_o great_a inconvenience_n which_o these_o overflowing_n have_v produce_v certain_o the_o advantage_n by_o the_o general_a drayn_n aught_o the_o more_o to_o be_v prize_v for_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n when_o the_o ice_n be_v strong_a enough_o to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o boat_n as_o have_v be_v by_o some_o well_o observe_v and_o yet_o not_o able_a to_o bear_v a_o man_n the_o inhabitant_n upon_o the_o hards_n and_o the_o bank_n within_o the_o fen_n can_v have_v no_o help_n of_o food_n nor_o comfort_n for_o body_n or_o soul_n no_o woman_n aid_n in_o her_o travail_n no_o mean_n to_o baptize_v a_o child_n or_o partake_v of_o the_o communion_n nor_o supply_v of_o any_o necessity_n save_v what_o those_o poor_a desolate_a place_n do_v afford_v and_o what_o expectation_n of_o health_n can_v there_o be_v to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n where_o there_o be_v no_o element_n good_a the_o air_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n

cloudy_a gross_a and_o full_a of_o rot_a harr_n the_o water_n putrid_a and_o muddy_a yea_o full_a of_o loathsome_a vermin_n the_o earth_n spongy_a and_o boggy_a and_o the_o fire_n noisome_a by_o the_o stink_n of_o smoky_a hassocks_n as_o for_o the_o decay_n of_o fish_n and_o fowl_n which_o have_v be_v no_o small_a objestion_n against_o this_o public_a work_n there_o be_v not_o much_o likelihood_n thereof_o for_o notwithstanding_o this_o general_a drayn_n there_o be_v so_o many_o great_a mere_a and_o lakes_n still_o continue_v which_o be_v indeed_o the_o principal_a harbour_n for_o they_o that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o want_n of_o either_o for_o in_o the_o vast_a spread_a water_n they_o seldom_o abide_v the_o river_n channel_n and_o mere_a be_v their_o principal_a receptacle_n which_o be_v now_o increase_v will_v rather_o augment_v than_o diminish_v their_o store_n and_o that_o both_o fish_n and_o fowl_n be_v with_o much_o more_o ease_v take_v by_o this_o restraint_n of_o the_o water_n within_o such_o bound_n we_o daily_o see_v forasmuch_o as_o all_o net_n for_o fish_v be_v better_o make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o river_n and_o meeres_n than_o when_o the_o water_n be_v out_o of_o those_o narrow_a limit_n and_o that_o decoy_n be_v now_o plant_v upon_o many_o drayned_a level_n whereby_o great_a number_n of_o fowl_n be_v catch_v than_o by_o any_o other_o engine_n former_o use_v which_o can_v not_o at_o all_o be_v make_v there_o do_v the_o water_n as_o former_o overspread_v the_o whole_a country_n the_o history_n of_o imbank_v and_o drayn_v cap_n i._n that_o work_v of_o drayn_v be_v most_o ancient_a and_o of_o divine_a institution_n we_o have_v the_o testimony_n of_o holy_a scripture_n 1.9_o in_o the_o beginning_n god_n say_v let_v the_o water_n be_v gather_v together_o and_o let_v the_o dry_a land_n appear_v and_o it_o be_v so_o 12._o and_o the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o grass_n and_o herb_n yield_v seed_n &_o the_o fruit-tree_n yield_v fruit_n after_o his_o kind_n and_o god_n see_v that_o it_o be_v good_a again_o after_o the_o deluge_n it_o be_v through_o the_o divine_a goodness_n that_o 8.13_o the_o water_n be_v dry_v up_o from_o off_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o face_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v dry_a and_o that_o those_o nation_n which_o be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o in_o chief_a renown_n for_o art_n and_o civility_n be_v also_o famous_a for_o their_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o egyptians_n the_o babylonian_n the_o grecian_n the_o roman_n and_o several_a other_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v instance_n egypt_n first_o therefore_o of_o egypt_n because_o 35._o that_o country_n be_v more_o marvelous_a than_o any_o other_o and_o that_o the_o work_v there_o be_v more_o remarkable_a than_o the_o country_n this_o lie_v in_o a_o great_a length_n from_o south_n to_o north_n between_o arabia_n and_o lybia_n and_o be_v water_v with_o the_o river_n nilus_n a_o stream_n that_o all_o the_o winter_n keep_v 19_o within_o his_o bank_n but_o at_o the_o summer_n solstice_n begin_v to_o exceed_v and_o swell_v a_o hundred_o day_n be_v almost_o as_o long_o a_o time_n in_o retreat_v which_o constant_a inundation_n be_v so_o commodious_a that_o those_o surround_v part_n as_o a_o eminent_a historian_n d._n testify_v be_v only_o habitable_a and_o that_o whatsoever_o place_n on_o either_o side_n the_o river_n rise_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o it_o can_v receive_v the_o flood_n remain_v desert_n and_o uninhabited_a through_o want_n of_o water_n we_o may_v therefore_o esteem_v the_o egyptians_n to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o master_n in_o this_o art_n of_o drayn_v who_o necessity_n and_o profit_n induce_v to_o employ_v their_o wit_n and_o labour_n to_o the_o improvement_n of_o their_o country_n and_o make_v the_o best_a advantage_n of_o that_o exorbitant_a river_n wherein_o they_o become_v most_o excellent_a their_o workmanship_n about_o the_o river_n nilus_n be_v such_o as_o the_o same_o learned_a author_n d._n manifest_v that_o industry_n surpass_v nature_n for_o egypt_n say_v he_o though_o natural_o fruitful_a be_v water_v be_v more_o fruitful_a and_o though_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o river_n water_v the_o most_o land_n yet_o through_o industry_n it_o be_v so_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o oftentimes_o when_o nature_n be_v defective_a there_o be_v by_o the_o help_n of_o trench_n and_o bank_n as_o much_o ground_n water_v with_o the_o small_a flood_n as_o with_o the_o great_a d_o so_o that_o at_o high_a flood_n the_o country_n be_v all_o a_o sea_n except_o the_o city_n and_o village_n which_o be_v situate_a either_o on_o natural_a hill_n or_o artificial_a bank_n at_o distance_n seem_v to_o be_v island_n the_o 5.9_o just_a increase_n of_o this_o flow_a appear_v to_o be_v xuj_o cubit_n less_o water_v not_o all_o more_o be_v too_o slow_a in_o retreat_v too_o much_o water_n keep_v the_o ground_n wet_v too_o long_o lose_v the_o season_n of_o sow_v too_o little_a afford_v no_o season_n through_o drought_n the_o country_n reckon_v upon_o both_o at_o twelve_o cubit_n they_o foresee_v famine_n at_o xiii_o hunger_n fourteen_o bring_v mirth_n xv_o security_n xuj_o plenty_n the_o egyptian_a trench_n therefore_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o for_o avoidance_n of_o superfluous_a water_n or_o dispose_v of_o what_o may_v be_v useful_a there_o be_v notable_a example_n of_o both_o kind_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v those_o many_o outlet_n make_v by_o hand_n for_o the_o river_n more_o current_a passage_n into_o the_o midland_n sea_n the_o natural_a mouth_n of_o nile_n be_v insufficient_a for_o the_o septem_fw-la ostia_fw-la be_v not_o all_o natural_a nilus_n 17._o have_v run_v through_o egypt_n in_o one_o stream_n to_o the_o city_n cercasorus_fw-la thence_o divide_v itself_o into_o three_o channel_n one_o run_v eastward_o towards_o pelusium_n th●_n other_o westward_n towards_o canobus_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v denominate_v the_o three_o divide_v delta_n run_v straight_o forward_a to_o sebennitus_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o have_v its_o name_n and_o there_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o other_o stream_n the_o one_o pass_v by_o sais_n the_o other_o by_o mendes_n receive_v their_o name_n from_o those_o city_n but_o the_o bolbitique_a &_o bucolique_a channel_n be_v not_o natural_a but_o make_v by_o dig_v this_o island_n of_o egypt_n towards_o the_o sea_n between_o the_o pelusiaque_fw-la and_o canobique_n channel_n be_v c._n call_v delta_n from_o the_o form_n of_o the_o letter_n δ._n between_o these_o two_o mouth_n beside_o the_o five_o before_o name_v there_o be_v many_o small_a for_o from_o the_o former_a there_o be_v divers_a subdivision_n throughout_o the_o whole_a island_n which_o make_v sundry_a watercourse_n and_o island_n so_o as_o one_o channel_n be_v cut_v into_o another_o it_o be_v navigable_a every_o way_n the_o reason_n why_o these_o low_a part_n be_v cut_v and_o drayn_v in_o such_o extraordinary_a manner_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v beside_o the_o convenience_n of_o navigation_n for_o that_o they_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o silt_v whereof_o the_o egyptian_a priest_n have_v good_a experience_n for_o 13._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n myris_n when_o the_o river_n rise_v not_o above_o eight_o cubit_n it_o water_v all_o egypt_n below_o memphis_n but_o now_o in_o herodotus_n his_o time_n unless_o it_o rise_v xuj_o or_o at_o least_o xv_o cubit_n it_o overflow_v not_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n flood_n nor_o be_v there_o nine_o hundred_o year_n pass_v from_o the_o death_n of_o king_n myris_n to_o the_o time_n that_o herodotus_n hear_v this_o from_o the_o priest_n among_o this_o sort_n of_o work_n against_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o the_o river_n may_v be_v reckon_v the_o inbank_v 137._o of_o city_n which_o sesostris_n first_o perform_v but_o those_o work_n especial_o at_o bubastis_n be_v after_o heighten_v by_o sabacon_n the_o aethiopian_a who_o employ_v therein_o all_o person_n condemn_v to_o death_n the_o other_o kind_n of_o trench_n extend_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o inundation_n beyond_o nature_n be_v more_o commendable_a have_v less_o of_o necessity_n but_o more_o for_o imitation_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v make_v by_o king_n maeris_n into_o a_o lake_n on_o the_o lybian_a side_n which_o bear_v his_o name_n which_o lake_n say_v herodotus_n 149._o be_v three_o thousand_o &_o six_o hundred_o furlong_n in_o compass_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o egypt_n along_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o lie_v in_o length_n north_n and_o south_n the_o great_a depth_n be_v ●ifty_a pace_n almost_o in_o the_o middle_n thereof_o stand_v two_o pyramid_n each_o fifty_o pace_n above_o water_n and_o as_o much_o below_o in_o all_o a_o hundred_o pace_n there_o be_v upon_o each_o a_o colossus_n sit_v in_o a_o chair_n the_o water_n of_o this_o lake_n be_v not_o esteem_v to_o spring_v