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fire_n	blow_v	match_n	musket_n	2,630	5	15.5126	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06964	The souldiers accidence. Or an introduction into military discipline containing the first principles and necessary knowledge meete for captaines, muster-masters, and all young souldiers of the infantrie, or foote bandes. Also, the cavallarie or formes of trayning of horse-troopes, as it hath beene received from the latest and best experiences armies. A worke fit for all noble, generous, and good spirits, that loue honor, or honorable action. G.M.	Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.	1625 (1625)	STC 17388; ESTC S102642	32,968	76

in ordinary Trayning or daily exercising of the Souldiers are these following First there are fiue to be performed standing That is to say Put on your Armes Prepare your Skirmish Rest your Musquet Your Sentinell Posture Your Saluting Posture The Postures which are to be performed in Marching are these Shoulder your Musquet and carry your Rest in the right hand Levell your Musquet Sloape your Musquet The Postures which are to be performed in Charging are these Cleare your Pann Prime your Pann Shut your Pann Cast off your loose Cornes Blow your Pann Cast about your Musquet with both your hands and trayle your Rest. Open your Charges Charge your Musquet with Powder Draw out your Scowring sticke Shorten your sticke Ramme in your powder Draw out your sticke Charge with Bullet Ramme in your Bullet Draw out your sticke Shorten your sticke and put it vp Bring your Musquet forward with your left hand Hold it vp with your right hand and recover your Rest. The Postures which are to be performed in Discharging are these Carrie your Rest in your left hand preparing to giue fire Sloape your Musquet and let the Rest sinke In the right hand poyze your Musquet In the left hand carrie the Musquet with the Rest. In the right hand take your Match betweene the second finger and the thumbe Hold the Match fast and blow it Cocke your Match Trie your Match Guard the Pann and blow your Ma●ch Open your Pann Present your Musquet Giue fire Dismount your Musquet and carrie it with the Rest. Vncocke your Match and put it vp betweene your fingers Now touching the Postures of the Hargobus I hold it needlesse here to insist or stand vpon them since they are all one with the Musquet the Rest onely excepted and whosoeuer is a good Musquetier cannot chuse but be a good Hargeletier And therefore I referre it to mo●s particular practise And to make a Connexion of all that is before sayd I would wish euery industrious Teacher first to respect his men then their Armes and to sort and place each man according to his worth and cunning not his wealth or birth Then for his lessons first to bring him to an exquisite readinesse in the Postures and true manage of weapons Next to make him know all the Sounds or Beatings of the Dr●mme Thirdly the ●rue distance of places and orderly proportions Fourthly the execution thereof in all manner of Marches and Motions And lastly a generall performance of all that hath beene spoken in the practise of Skirmishes and alteration of Battalions So shall men become readie and not confused as many are by silken and simple Tutors who striue to teach many things together but nothing in order Now for as much as dignitie of places is a most needfull Knowledge for every Commander both for the adornment of the Band and the incouragement of the well deserving Souldier I will shew you here a Table containing the honor and dignitie of places● as they haue beene observed by the most auncient Masters of Martiall discipline The Vse NOw for the Vse of this Table you shall vnderstand that the figure 1. which standeth on the right hand is the Leader of the right hand Fyle and so the first and chiefest man in the Battalia and that whole Ranke in which it standeth is the Front so called because the faces of the whole Companie are directed one way and also every man in that Ranke is called the Leader or Captaine of the Fyle he leadeth The figure 2. which leadeth the left hand Fyle is the second man And the figure 3. which is in the Reare because there the backes are turned is the third man and the whole Ranke in which it standeth is called the Reare or the Bringers vp Then the figure 4. is the fourth man so forth according to the number of the figures are the dignities of the places Now here is also to be noted in this Table that the figure 17. standing in the Front is the Leader of the middle fyle to the left Flanke and the figure 18. Leader of the middle fyle to the right Flanke and so are called Leaders of the mayne devision The fifth Ranke from the Front downeward towards the Reare are called Middlemen to the reare and the sixt Rank are called Middlemen to the front or the Leaders of halfe fyles Lastly whensoever this Bodie or any other whatsoever which containeth but ten persons in fyle shall be devided in the midst betweene the Middle-men then the last fiue Rankes to the Reareward are called by the name of Subdevision And whensoever the Reare shall double the Front then are the Reare called Bringers vp because they bring vp their halfe Fyles by Sequence These Rules knit vnto memorie and practised with care and diligence will make any Souldier perfect in the first sixe parts of Martiall discipline as Election of men Sorting of Armes March or Motion Distance Posture and lastly the beatings of the Drumme Now to these I will adde a little touch or Essay touching the Carriage Election and Composition of Captaines colours or Ensignes which is the honorable Badge or Marke of every Captaine and in which both of late here at home and also formerly in forraine Nations I haue seene as grosse absurdities as any malice would wish to see in the folly of his Enemy which doubtlesse must proceed from ignorance since no Master of Reason would be guiltie of his owne iniurie You shall therefore vnderstand that all Colours belonging vnto private Captaines ought to be mixt equally of two severall Colours that is to say according to the rule in Herauldry of Colour and Mettall and not Colour on Colour as Greene and Red or Blew and Blacke or such like nor yet Mettall on Mettall as White and Yellow or Orrengtawnie and White for Colours so borne shew Bastardie Pesantrie or dishonor Now in the Corner which is next to the vpper poynt of the staffe he shall car●ie in a faire large square or Canton containing a sixt part of the Colours a plaine red Crosse in a white Field which is the Ensigne of our Kingdome of England If the Colours doe belong to a Colonell they shall then be all of one entire Colour or one Mettall onely the red Crosse or Ensigne of the Kingdome shall be in his due place as aforesaid If they belong to a Colonell generall to the Lord Marshall of the Field or any such Superior Officer then they shall be all of one entire Colour or Mettall and the red Crosse or Ensigne of the Kingdome shall be in a verie little square or Canton as in a twelft part of the Field or lesse if it please them But if they belong to the Generall of the Field then they shall be of one entire Colour or Mettall without any red Crosse at all as was before sayd Thus much touching the generall Composition and Carriage of Colours Now

THE SOVLDIERS ACCIDENCE OR AN INTRODVCTION Into MILITARY DISCIPLINE Containing the first Principles and necessary knowledge meete for Captaines Muster Masters and all young Souldiers of the Infantrie or Foote Bandes ALSO The Cavallarie or Formes of Trayning of Horse-Troopes as it hath beene received from the latest and best experienced ARMIES A Worke fit for all Noble Generous and good spirits that loue Honor or Honorable Action VIRG. AENEI At nunc Horrentia Martis G. M. LONDON Printed by I. D. for IOHN BELLAMIE and are to be sold at his Shop at the three golden Lyons neere the Royall Exchange 1625. TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE and THRICE Worthie Lords Oliver Lord Viscount Grandison George Lord Carew Fulke Lord Brooke Arthur Lord Chichester And to the right Honorable Sir Edward Conway Knight Sir Horrace Vere Knight Sir Edward Cecill Knight Sir Robert Mansell Knight Sir Iohn Oagle Knight and Sir Thomas Button Knight Being the Lords and others of his Maiesties most Honorable Councell of Warre I Doe not presume Right Honorable to offer this poore Tribute of mine Experience as a Modell whereby your Goodnesses might shape any thing to adde strength to your owne vncontrolable knowledges God forbid there should be in me such an impudent daring But I humbly desire it may kisse your hands as a sacrifice offered from your servant or as a weaknes that stands in need of your protections Vertue I know measureth every thing by its owne goodnesse in which is exprest an infinite Charitie and you are that large Fountaine of vertue that I cannot feare how ever imperfection may perswade me but I shall touch of your noble waters In your Honors I know is power to iudge of my labour and in you is authoritie to exercise mercie and though you finde nothing written in it but what you may reade ten thousand times better in your own brests yet be pleased to thinke there be many puny scollars in our Kingdome to which I haue ever desired to be a servant that from these briefe Rules may gather more abler Iudgements Therefore it is onely your noble favour and allowance that must make it acceptable to those which neede it and profitable to our Empire which I wish to be serued by it O then let these Graces flie from your Noble Natures with that mildnesse that as I haue ever lived I may die Your Honors poore servant and Souldier G. M. ¶ To the Reader KNowledge which is the divine Mother of certaine Goodnesse never came vnwellcome to an industrious Nature for shee ever maketh a smooth way and a straight path No more I hope shall this my labour to thee Worthie Reader since doubtlesse thou shalt finde in it many things New which is apt to catch covetous Spirits somethings Necessarie which are ever imbracst of Solid and Substantiall Iudgements And I hope nothing erring from Sense or Truth which is such a Crowne both to the worke and thine owne satisfaction that if thou beest any Master of Charitie thou canst not giue me lesse almes then thanks for my paines taking I haue not labord mine owne but thy profit neither haue I measurd any thing in this Worke by any other Rule then those wants which I found in my selfe when I first betooke me to the Warres and had no other companions in my Bosome but Desire and Ignorance the one being so contrary to the other that had I had millions I would haue given it for halfe the knowledge in this Booke to haue reconcild or at least expulst that ignorance which was so offensiue vnto me This for thine Industrie sake I haue performed which if thou please to accept with that goodnesse of heart which it is meant I haue got my desire and will ever rest at thy service G. M. ¶ A Table of all the Materiall things contained in this Booke And first of the Infantrie Pag. TWo things referred to Commanders 1 Sorting of Armes 1 Election of man 2 Arming of Pikes 2 Arming of Musquetiers 3 Arming of Hargobussiers 4 Arming of Halberdiers 4 Arming of the Ensigne 4 Arming of the Lieutenant 4 Arming of the Captaine 5 The Formes of Trayning 5 Imbattayling of men 5 What a Ranke or Fyle is 5 Of Flankes and Fronts 6 The Continent of Ranke and Fyle and the reason thereof 6 The Devision of Companies 7 The duties of the Corporall and the Lanspresado 7 Foure things to be taught in Trayning 8 The Carriage of Armes 8 The vse of the Pike 9 The vse of Shott 9 How to giue Volleys 9 Volleys Marching 9 Volleys Standing 10 Volleys vpon Advancement 10 Volleys vpon a swift Retrayt 11 Distance of place 11 What distance is 11 The vse of distances 12 The names of distances and the variation of names 12 The measure of distances 13 Of Marches 14 The severall places of Officers 14 Of Motions 15 Diversitie of Motions 15 Of the Sounds of the Drumme 16 Vse of words 17 The words of proper directions 17 Of motions in distance or in forme 17 Of motion in distance of Fyles 17 Of motion in distance of Rankes 18 Of motion in distance both in Fyles and Rankes 18 Of motion in Forme of Fyles 18 Of motion in Forme of Rankes 19 Of motion in Forme both in Fyles and Rankes 20 Of charging of Pikes 21 Giving of Fire by the Flanke 21 Of Constancie in words giuing 21 What March and Motion is 22 Word of particular Motions 22 What Postures are 22 The Postures of the Pike 23 Postures Standing 23 Postures Marching 23 Postures Charging 23 The Postures of the Musquet 23 The Postures in Skirmish 24 Postures in exercise 24 Postures Standing 24 Postures Marching 24 Postures Charging 25 Postures Discharging 25 The Postures of the Hargobu● 26 A repetition by way of advise 26 The dignitie of places 27 A Table expressing Dignities 27 The vse of the Table 27 Leaders of Middle Fyles 27 Middlemen to the Front and Reare 28 Subdevision men 28 The first sixe parts of Martiall discipline 29 Carriage Election and Composition of Colours 29 Mixture of Colours 29 Captaines Colours 29 Colonells Colours 29 Superior Officers Colours 30 Where Gentlemen may finde their Colours 30 The libertie that Captaines take 30 Of severall Mettalls and Colours 31 The signification of Mettalls and Colours 31 Of Bastard Colours and their significations 32 Offences in Colours 32 Of Obedience and the vertue thereof 33 The end of the first Table The second Table of the Cavallarie or Trayning of Horse-Troopes THe difficultie in this Art 37 The things considerable in this Art 37 The election of men and horses 38 The arming of Gentlemen at Armes 38 Arming for Triumph 39 Arming of Launciers 40 Arming of Light Horse 40 Arming of Cuiraissiers 41 Arming of Hargobussiers 42 Arming of Dragons 42 Arming of Captaines Cuirassiers 43 Arming of Lieutenants 44 Arming of Cornets 44 Arming of the Trumpet 44 Arming of Corporalls 45 Arming of Captaines Hargobussiers 45 Arming of Captaines of Dragons 46 Difference betwixt the Cornet and

is vtterly to be condemned For either the hind most must venture to shoot their fellowes before through the heads or els will overshoot and so spend their Shot vnprofitably Besides the volley being once given the Enemy comes on without impeachment or annoyance● But in stead of this kind of volley at once which onely serues to make a great crack let the first Ranke onely giue their volley and if the Bat●ali● ma●ch then that Ranke which hath giuen their volley to stand and the second to passe through it and so giue their volley and then to stand and the third to come vp and so consequently all the Rankes But if the Battalia stand then the first Ranke having given their volley shall fall back to the Reare either in Wheele or in Counter-march according to the number of persons in the Ranke And the second Ranke come into their places and so the third and fourth till the first Ranke be come to their places againe and so to continue to the end of commandement But if the Battalia shall fall backe or retire and loose ground then shall all the Shot stand still and no man advance a foote of ground But the first Ranke in its due place shall giue their volley and then fall backe behind the last Ranke and then the second Ranke shall giue their volley in their due place and so fall behind the first and in the same manner all the rest till they haue lost so much ground as to the Commander shall seeme convenient And so the volley shall be still continued whether in Marching Standing or Retyring and the enemy never free from annoyance All which is easily performed if before the Motion you doe make all your Shot open their Files well either to one or the other hand There are two other wayes of giuing fire the one vpon advancement the other vpon a swift and speedie retrayt That vpon advancement towards an enemy when your men skirmish loose and disbanded must be done by Rankes in this manner Two Rankes must alwayes make ready together and advance tenne paces forwardes before the bodie at which distance a Sergeant or when the body is great some other officer must stand to whom the Musquetiers are to come vp before they present and giue fire first the first Ranke and whilest the first giues fire the second Ranke keepe their Musquets close to their Rests and their pans guarded and as soone as the first are falne away the second presently present and giue fire and fall after them Now as soone as the two first Rankes doe moue from their places in the Front the two Rankes next it must vnshoulder their Musquets and make readie so as they may advance forwards tenne paces as before as soone as the two first Rankes are fallen away and are to doe in all points as the former so all the other Rankes through the whole devision must doe the same by twoes one after another The manner of giving fire in a swift retrayt is as the devision marcheth away the hinder most 〈◊〉 of all keeping still with the devision maketh readie and being readie the Souldiers in that ranke turne altogether to the right hand and giue fire Marching presently away a good round pace to the Front and there place themselues in Ranke together iust before the Front As soone as the first Ranke turnes to giue fire the Ranke next it makes readie and doth as the former and so the rest Next to the Carriage of Armes you shall teach the knowledg of Distance or Seperation of places being accounted a certaine orderly space betweene File and File Ranke and Ranke in such order and measure as the Gaptaine shall be disposed to nomina●e which not being obeyed the whole body of the Battalia is put out of order and neither carrying proportion● nor true shape are as men in rout or disorder● Therefore it ought carefully of all things to be observed and vsed according to the limitation or fitnesse of every Motion For the Stations of all Military persons and the Motions in Armes are not alwayes certaine or in one steadie role● but do● continually interchange and alter agree a●y one with another And the vse of this Distance is both in Rankes and Files in Marches and in Motions In Files as when they stand or march at the first Distance which is called Closest that is to say Pouldron to Pouldron or Shoulder to Shoulder or when they stand or march at the second Distance which is called Close and is a foot and a halfe distance man from man or when they stand or march at the third distance which is called Order which is three foote man from man or when they stand or march at the fourth and last Distance which is called Open Order and is sixe foote betweene person and person So likewise in Rankes to stand or march Closest is to be at the Swords poynt to stand or march Close is three foote to stand or march at Order is sixe foote and to stand or march at Open Order is ever twelue foote Now there be some Commanders which vary in the nomination of these termes though not in Quantitie or Distance for they will haue Close in Files to be Pouldron to Pouldron Order a foote and an halfe Open-Order three foote and Double-distance sixe foote● and so omit the word Closest And so like wise in Rankes Close they will haue to the Swords poynt Order three foote Open Order sixe foote and Double-distance twelue foote and so not the word Closest at all Others vary it another way and will haue but three Distances that is to say Open Order which they will haue to be six foote both betweene ranke and fyle Order three foote betweene Ranke and Fyle and Close-order a foote and an halfe betweene Fyle● and Fyle and three foote betweene Ranke and Ranke and when they come to open Rankes then they command Double-distance also which they make twelue foote and so by steps come to the fourth Distance also but I preferre the first discipline and hold the words fully as significant and most in vse which aboue all things are to be esteemed and imitated Now to take the true measure of these Distances because the eye is but an vncertaine Iudge you shall take the distance of sixe foote betweene fyle and fyle by commanding the Souldiers as they stand to stretch forth their arme● and stand so remoued one from another that their handes may meete To take the distance of three foot betweene fyle and fyle you shall make the Souldiers set their armes a kenbowe and put themselues so close that their elbowes may meete and to take the distance of a foote and an halfe euery other Souldier in the Ranke shall set one arme a kenbowe and his fellow shall neare touch it And thus likewise in Rankes wee take the distance of sixe foote when the but ends of the Pikes do almost reach their

these to any order aforesaid Close your Fyles to the right hand Close your Fyles to the left Close your Fyles to both hands by devision And these also to any order aforesaid also in opening the Squadron you must ever first open the Rankes which must be done downeward to the Reare and then the Fyles And in Closing you must first close the Fyles and then the Rankes which must ever be done vpward towards the Front Then Double your Fyles to the right hand Double your Fyles to the left Double your Fyles to both by devision And this to any order aforesaid Double your Rankes to the right hand Double your Rankes to the left Double your Rankes to both by devision And this to any order aforesaid Middlemen double the Front to the right hand Middlemen double the Front to the left Middlemen double the Front to both hands by devision Bringers vp double the Front to the right hand Bringers vp double the Front to the left Bringers vp double the Front to both hands by devision And these to either order aforesaid To the right hand turne To the left hand turne To both hands turne by conversion To the right hand about turne To the left as you were To the left hand about turne To the right as you were Now to reduce any Motion before shewed to the same station in which the Horseman stood before the Command given you shall vse this generall word As you were Countermarch to the right hand Countermarch to the left Countermarch to both by Conversion Wheele to the right hand Wheele to the left Wheele to both by Conversion And in this Motion of Countermarching you must obserue that the Leaders if it be in a standing Countermarch doe advance forward full one Horse length before they turne and then turne to which hand they are commanded all the Rankes successiuely following to make good the Leaders place of turning before they turne and so to perfect the Countermarch But if it be to be done vpon a greater advancement then shall either a Corporall or other higher Officer stand at the place of turning and the Leaders shall advance vp vnto him and there turne to either hand according to direction and so successiuely all the rest of the Rankes in the Troope till the Countermarch be made perfect So also in the Motion of Wheeling you must obserue if the Troope be vnder an hundred first to double your Front to the one or the other hand either by the Bringers vp or the Middlemen before you Wheele and then standing at their close order to Wheele about or otherwise at pleasure Againe obserue when you Wheele to the right hand to double your Front to the left hand and when you Wheele to the left hand to double your Front to the right hand for so the Leaders of the right and left hand Fyles will keepe their places on that corner to which you Wheele Lastly to reduce and bring every man into his first place againe You shall say Fyles to the right or left hand open to your Open order Bringers vp or Middlemen to your first places as you were And in this Motion obserue that if the Bringers vp did double the Front then shall the Middlemen being in the Reare first fall into their places then the Follower and lastly the Bringer vp And so if the Middlemen did double the Front then those Middlemen being in the Front shall in Countermarch fall into their first places after them their Followers and last of all the Bringer vp The fift and last Lesson belonging vnto the Horse-troope is to teach the Souldier the Sounds and Commands of the Trumpet and to make him both vnderstand the Notes and Language of the Trumpet as also in due time to performe all those duties and Commands which are required by the Trumpet And of these Soundings which we generally call Poynts of Warre there are sixe which are most necessary for the Souldiers knowledge The first is 1. Butte Sella or Clap on your Saddles Which as soone as the Souldier heareth in the morning or at other times he shall presently make readie his Horse and his owne person trusse vp his sacke of necessaries and make all things fitting for Iourney The second is 2. Mounte Cavallo or Mount on Horsebacke At which Summons the Souldier shall bridle vp his Horse bring him forth and mount his backe The third is 3. Al'a Standardo or Goe to your Colours Whether it be Standard Cornet ● or Guydon upon which sound the Souldier with those of his Fellowship shall trot forth to the place where the Cornet is lodged and there attend till it b● di●lodged Also this sound in the field and in service when men are dis-banded is a Retrayt for the Horseman and brings him off being ingaged for as oft as he heares it he must retire and goe backe to his Colours The fourth is 4. Tucquet or March Which being heard simplie of it selfe without addition Commands nothing but a Marching after the Leader The fift is 5. Carga Carga or An Alarum Charge Charge Which sounded every man like Lightning flyes vpon his enemie and giues proofe of his valour The sixt and last is 6. Auquet or The Watch. Which sounded at night Commands all that are out of dutie to their rest and sounded in the morning Commands those to rest that haue done dutie and those that haue rested to awake and doe dutie And in these Sounds you shall make the Souldier so perfect● that as a song he may lanquet or sing them and know when they are sounded vnto him Other Soundings there are as Tende Hoe for listning a Call for Summons a Senet for State and the like But they haue reference to the greater Officers and those haue no neede of my Instructions Having thus run through all those parts which make vp a serviceable Souldier on Horsebacke I will conclude this Discourse with these few notes following First You shall vnderstand that the Cavallerie or Horse-Armie haue for their chiefe Officers the Generall of the Horse the Lieutenant-generall of the Horse and the Serieant Maior of the Horse which in some discipline is called the Commissary-generall or Colonell generall of the Horse And betwixt these three the whole Armie of Horsemen is devided They haue also a Quarter-master and a Provost-generall The Iustice resteth vnder the Councell-generall of Warre in the Armie The Generalls Regiment hath alwayes the Vanguard and the rest alternately by turnes as he that this day hath the Vanguard the next day hath the Reare and so of all the rest The Colonells haue their Regiments Compounded of three or foure Troopes and seldome aboue fiue or vnder three and the Colonells Troope ever Marcheth on the left Wing of the Regiment The Captaines of Horse receiue their directions from the Colonells the Colo●ells from the Serieant-maior and the Serieant-maior from the Lord Marshall Thus much I haue thought fit to impart as an Introduction into these Military affayres leaving to those larger and better enabled Spirits the vnbounded Field of Discourse into which when they shall be pleased to enter no doubt but the studious Observer shall receiue a much more worthie satisfaction FINIS Vse of the Pike Vse of the Shot How to giue Volleys Volleys marching Volleys standing Volleys retyring Volleys vpon advancement Volleys vpon a swift retrait 2 2 Distance of place The measure of Distances 3 3 Of Marches The severall places of Officers Of Motion● 4 4 Of the sounds of the Drum Vse of words The words of proper directions Charging of Pikes Giuing of fire by the Flanke Constancy in words giuing What March Motion i● Words of particular motiō What Postures are The Postures of the Pike The Postures of the Musquet Postures in Smirmish Postures in exercising Of the Hargobus Repetition by way of advise The Dignitie of places The vse of the Table Leaders of middle fyles Middlemen to the Front and Reare Subdevisionmen The first sixe parts in Martiall discipline Carriage election and composition of Colours Mixture of Colours Colonells Colours Superior Officers Colors Where Gentlemen may finde their Colours Difficultie in this Art Things considerable in this Art 1 1 Election of Men and Horses 2 2 Arming of Gentlemen at Armes Arming for Triumph Arming of Launceirs Arming of Light-horse Arming of Cuirassiers Arming of Hargobusseirs Arming of Dragons Arming of Captaines Arming of Lieutenants Arming of Cornets Arming of the Trumpet Arming of Corporalls Captaine of Hargobusiers and his officers Captaine of Dragons or his officers Difference betwixt the Cornet and Guydon 3 3 Formes of Trayning The extent of a filo The extent of a Ranke Devision of the Troope Fiue things to be taught 1 1 Manage of the Horse Words of Command The performance The Word The performance The Word The performance The Word The performance The Word The performance The Word The performance The Word The performance 2 2 Carriage and vse of Armes Posture of the Pistoll Postures in Skirmish The best way to Teach 3 3 Distance of place Of Motion 4 4 Of Marches Words of especiall direction Observation in Countermarching Observation in Wheeling Observations 5 5 Of the Trumpet The first poynt of Warre The second The third The fourth The fift The sixt Speciall notes

by devision to the right hand Advance by devision to the left Files ranke by conversion to the right hand Files ranke by conversion to the left Files ranke 3.5.7 c. Shorten your Files to 5.8 c. Lengthen your Files to 10.12.16 c. Files counter-march to the right hand Files counter-march to the left Files counter-march to both by devision And this counter-march may bee done divers wayes and manners as after the manner of the Macedonians the Lacedemonians the Persians or out late and more moderne vse and fashion all these motions must be done to some one or other order as aforesayd If it be motion in forme of rankes then the words are Double your rankes to the right hand Double your rankes to the left Rankes file by conversion to the right hand Rankes file by conversion to the left Rankes ranke 5.7 c. Midlemen double the front to the right hand Midlemen double the front to the left Midlemen double to both by devision to the right entire and to the left entire Rankes counter-march from the right hand to the left Rankes counter-march from the left hand to the right In the manner as formerly in fyles according to severall Nations when you will Counter-march to the right hand the first ranke of Leaders onely must advance one stepp forward with the right leg and then turne and all the other ranks must march first vp to the place from whence the first ranke did counter-march before they turne So likewise if you will counter-march to the left hand the first rankes must stepp forward one stepp with the left legge and then turne and all the other rankes behind must come vp to that place before they turne as before The same order is to be obserued when you will counter-march your Files Also in counter-marching though both are here set downe for distinction sake you are to name neither Rankes nor Files but are onely to say To the right hand counter-march or To the left hand counter-march Now if it be Motion in forme both in Files and Rankes iointly together then the words of direction are Faces to the right hand Faces to the left Faces to both by devision Faces about or all one Faces to the Reare all one Wheele by conversion to the right hand Wheele by conversion to the left Wheele to both by devision Charge to the right hand Charge to the left Charge to both by devision Charge to the Front Charge to the Reare Charge to both front and reare by devision Now to reduce any of these words of direction to the same order or station in which the Souldier stood before they were spoken you shall say As you were Now in these words of generall directions this is principally to be regarded that in charging with Pikes halfe the Rankes are but to charge their Pikes and the other halfe to carrie them advanced or ported so neare the heads of the formost as they may doe them no annoyance either in Charging or Retyring and they must also obserue when they doe Charge standing to fall backe with the right foote and Marching to step forward with the left There is also another motion in forme which is the giuing of fire by the Flanke or by whole Fyles one after another which are strange to the Dutch or Spanish yet exceeding frequent with the Irish and therefore necessary for our English vse And that is for the beating or Clayring of Paces which are narrow strait wayes through Woods and Bogs and the words for direction are Cast of your fyles to the right hand Cast of your fyles to the left Cast of your fyles to both by devision Now for the most of these words there can be hardly better chosen But it is not so materiall what words you first choose to trayne by as it is to vse some words constantly and yet the same words should be vsed generally through the Troopes of an Armie or els it will breed confusion And if it were also generally in the discipline of one Kingdome it were better and more absolute And thus much touching March and Motion which is nothing els but an actuall working of the bodie contained in foure severall circumstances The first being a marching forward as charging to the Front the second backward as by retrayt the third side-wayes as by closing opening or doubling of fyles to either hand and the last Wheeling as by conversion or turning to either hand all which must be performed as occasion shall be offered to the vnderstanding of the Commander observing every motion in true order place distance and posture All other motions in the mayne body of a Battalia being nothing but the parents of disorder and confe●sion 〈…〉 Art by the opinions of the Auncients● is o●●ly the true Science of Warlike Motion of the Emperiall Art of comely and well ordering of Battayle● Armes Gestures and Motions any of which will not indure monstrou● shape● 〈…〉 Next vnto these words of generall Motions wee will place the words of particular Motions which onely concerne the manage vse and carriage of weapons And these kinde of Motions are called in one present discipline Postures that is The true 〈◊〉 of men in Armes carrying all manner of mar●●all weapons in every Motion whatsoever in the comeliest ●●ad i● 〈◊〉 and easiest way both to 〈…〉 and not onely making everything 〈…〉 very deligh●full to the eye but also taking away all dangers and disorders which might otherwise happen either through igno●an●e or rudenesse To speake then first of those Postures which belong vnto the Pike and are published by the most excellent Prince the Count Ma●rice of 〈◊〉 Prince of Orange they are in number ●●●●one That is to say three which are exprest standing●●ixe ma●ching and seaven charging The three which are exprest standing are Lay downe your Pike Take vp your Pike Order your Pike The sixe which are to be done marching● are Advance your Pike Shoulde●● your Pike Levell your Pike Sloape your Pike Cheeke your Pike Trayle your Pike The seauen which are done charging are Port over hand Port vnder-hand Charge over-hand Charge vnder-hand Couch over-hand Couch vnder-hand Charge against the right foote and t●●aw yo●●●●ord over-arme As touching the Postures which belong to the Musquet they are fortie in n●mber and are to be done Fiue standing three marching eight-teene charging and fourteene discharging And are onely for Military Instruction in the time of Trayning and to make the Souldier most exquisite and perfect But in the time of present Service before the face of the enemy or in fight then all this great number of Postures the Captaine shall reduce into three onely and no more The three Postures or words of Command which are vsed for the Musquet in the face of the enemie in Fight or in Skirmish are these 1. Make readie 2. Present 3. Giue fire The Postures or words of Command which are vsed