from_o which_o plant_n the_o virgula_fw-la divina_fw-la or_o divine_a rod_n be_v make_v by_o which_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v discover_v and_o one_o of_o these_o i_o have_v out_o of_o germany_n but_o i_o can_v yet_o promise_v any_o effect_n by_o it_o see_v georgius_n agricola_n and_o my_o note_n on_o he_o xerocollyrium_n which_o be_v a_o unguent_n make_v of_o copper_n or_o copper_n and_o lapis_n calaminaris_n mix_v to_o apply_v to_o such_o eye_n as_o be_v prejudice_v by_o metallick_n operation_n and_o this_o be_v help_v also_o by_o tuttee_n wash_v in_o water_n then_o make_v into_o powder_n and_o so_o into_o a_o ointment_n which_o be_v common_o call_v vnguentum_fw-la tutium_fw-la or_o oil_n of_o tuttee_n xiphion_n or_o phasgenion_n pliny_n l._n 25._o the_o root_n of_o which_o plant_v stamp_v and_o mix_v with_o wine_n and_o frankincense_n of_o equal_a proportion_n take_v off_o all_o excrescent_a scale_n from_o bones_o and_o may_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n upon_o the_o scale_n of_o metal_n ya_fw-mi y_fw-fr you_o yard_n see_v measure_n yellow_a t._n galb_n and_o geilb_n see_v in_o colour_n yellow_a yeast_n t._n yeast_n but_o erckern_n call_v it_o hafin_n l._n 2._o c._n 1._o s_o 3._o a._n yeast_n also_o barm_n god_n good_a rise_v beergood_a foam_n froth_n the_o latin_n call_v it_o spuma_fw-la and_o the_o froth_n flores_fw-la cervisiae_fw-la or_o the_o flower_n of_o ale_n or_o beer_n and_o cervisiae_fw-la they_o derive_v from_o ceres_n the_o goddess_n of_o corn_n who_o first_o teach_v the_o sow_v of_o wheat_n and_o barley_n and_o of_o drink_n from_o thence_o so_o that_o in_o norfolk_n where_o it_o be_v call_v gods-good_a it_o may_v well_o be_v allude_v to_o the_o spirit_n of_o that_o goddess_n good_n which_o she_o infuse_v into_o it_o as_o a_o firmentation_n but_o more_o proper_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n himself_o for_o communicate_v so_o great_a a_o secret_a for_o the_o benefit_n of_o mankind_n for_o without_o fermentation_n scarce_o any_o useful_a thing_n be_v perfect_o attain_v unto_o and_o that_o motion_n do_v operate_v not_o only_o in_o the_o terrestrial_a orb_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n but_o on_o the_o element_n and_o celestial_a orbs._n see_v litarge_fw-fr zu_fw-ge z_o zu_fw-ge zuitter_n l._n 4._o c._n 11_o 12_o and_o 13._o explain_v to_o be_v tin_n well_o beat_v and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o thus_o with_o metal_n which_o must_v be_v beat_v that_o the_o advantage_n may_v redound_v to_o themselves_o in_o a_o more_o refine_a temper_n and_o make_v they_o useful_a to_o the_o world_n but_o we_o see_v that_o corn_n must_v be_v thrash_v and_o ground_n for_o food_n grape_n and_o other_o fruit_n contuse_v to_o make_v liquor_n more_o acceptable_a and_o man_n himself_o must_v undergo_v oppression_n to_o make_v he_o happy_a which_o i_o here_o mention_v as_o my_o conclusion_n in_o imitation_n of_o erckern_n his_o zeal_n for_o god_n glory_n wherewith_o he_o conclude_v the_o last_o page_n of_o his_o five_o book_n for_o according_a to_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o rosy_a crucians_fw-la and_o best_o chemist_n excellentissima_fw-la dona_fw-la absque_fw-la pielate_fw-la vana_fw-la which_o may_v be_v render_v thus_o by_o true_a piety_n the_o brave_a science_n be_v accomplish_v finis_fw-la of_o the_o art_n of_o assay_v reward_v by_o prince_n mother_n of_o art_n to_o know_v metal_n necessary_a how_o to_o use_v fire_n in_o metal_n to_o make_v instrument_n furnace_n weight_n and_o scale_n to_o be_v skilled_a in_o arithmetic_n the_o purpose_n of_o the_o book_n see_v the_o dictionary_n why_o silver_n first_o treat_v of_o section_n difference_n of_o assay_v oar_n glass-oar_n white_a goldish_a oar._n horn_n oar._n red_a goldish_a oar._n black_a oar._n ironish_a oar_n leadish_fw-mi oar_n glitter_v oar._n float_v oar_n many_o sort_n azure_a or_o blue_a oar._n see_v the_o dictionary_n flinty_a oar_n many_o sort_n cobolt_n blend_v mispickle_a oar_n glimmer_v wolferan_n talk_n cats-silver_n and_o sparkle_a oar._n spelter_n and_o spizy_n oar_n spady_n oar_n slack_a and_o copper_n stone_n the_o way_n of_o assay_v they_o special_a oven_n adorn_v they_o iron_n assay_v oven_n of_o the_o ancient_n to_o make_v a_o good_a loam_n norinberg_n assay_v oven_n make_v of_o potter_n loam_n a_o slight_a assay_v oven_n of_o jile_n assay_v oven_n in_o which_o the_o fire_n be_v best_a govern_v ☜_o assay_v oven_n of_o strong_a armour-plate_n of_o prepare_v loam_n for_o instrument_n how_o the_o case_n and_o frame_v and_o assay-test_n be_v make_v to_o make_v muffle_v of_o clay_n over_o wooden-sticks_a or_o frome_n how_o the_o bottom_n of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v frame_v of_o dry_v and_o calcine_v the_o loam_n for_o assay_v copel_v of_o good_a staff_n of_o ash_n for_o copil_n of_o vine-wood_n ash_n and_o common_a ash_n of_o bone-ash_n and_o which_o bone_n be_v most_o serviceable_a munich_n a_o instrument_n to_o strew_v the_o clar._n of_o glue_v for_o copel_n bone_n for_o copel_n clar_n of_o heart_n horn_n of_o fish-bone_n how_o to_o be_v keep_v form_n of_o copel_n lead-glass_n to_o what_o oar_n it_o be_v to_o be_v use_v to_o prepare_v flus_n or_o lead-glass_n another_o way_n another_o way_n to_o cleanse_v the_o lead-glass_n of_o divide_v the_o common_a proof_n centner_n two_o sort_n of_o penny_n weight_n of_o divide_v the_o pennyweight_n in_o high_a germany_n of_o divide_v the_o low_a dutch_a penny_n weight_n assay_v of_o soft_a flow_a oar_n trial_n of_o harsh_a oar_n a_o quick_a upboyling_a of_o silver_n oar_n another_o way_n to_o try_v raw_a oar._n of_o assay_v the_o copper_n slacky_a oar._n cleanse_v of_o the_o gross_a sulphury_a flint_n after_o vpboyling_a to_o try_v cobolt_n oar_n roast_v oar_n in_o the_o oven_n probation_n by_o which_o the_o right_a and_o full_a worth_n may_v be_v find_v to_o try_v with_o lead_n glass_n when_o many_o oar_n be_v to_o be_v try_v to_o assay_v to_o a_o dram_n how_o to_o weigh_v the_o try_a grain_n to_o boil_v rich_a oar_n with_o fluss_n the_o lead_n of_o villach_n not_o without_o silver_n the_o lead-grain_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o copper_n to_o make_v another_o lead_n grain_n what_o slackstone_n be_v to_o separate_v it_o from_o sulphur_n ☞_o which_o way_n the_o cake_n be_v to_o be_v knock_v out_o ☞_o two_o sort_n of_o hard_a work_n what_o speiz_v be_v ☞_o to_o take_v the_o silver_n out_o of_o speize_v difference_n of_o the_o black_a copper_n how_o black_a copper_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v out_o how_o the_o proof-ingot_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v difference_n of_o the_o proof_n ingot_n assay_v the_o ingot_n ☜_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o fire_n ☞_o of_o the_o grain_n produce_v from_o the_o assay_v another_o way_n to_o try_v copper_n for_o silver_n proof_n instrument_n to_o have_v great_a care_n of_o prove_v of_o the_o black_a &_o raw_a copper_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o coppel_n ☞_o bell_n metal_n for_o what_o the_o grain_n of_o silver_n be_v profitable_a why_o the_o crucible_n so_o easy_o break_v to_o granulate_v the_o silver_n round_o round_o waltzen_n how_o to_o govern_v the_o fire_n ☜_o the_o manner_n of_o perform_v it_o a_o quick_a way_n of_o granulate_v when_o the_o crucible_n do_v break_v the_o different_a content_n of_o graind_a silver_n the_o different_a quantity_n of_o lead_n assay_v grain_n to_o assay_v rich_a grain_n ☞_o when_o the_o proof_n have_v too_o little_a lead_n when_o the_o proof_n do_v go_v too_o hot_a to_o make_v assay_v grain_n fine_a of_o dollar_n and_o rix_n gilder_n to_o assay_v with_o cover_v assay_v oven_n ☜_o to_o assay_v single_a and_o double_a stivers_n ☞_o the_o lead_n quantity_n to_o assay_v penny_n to_o find_v the_o true_a proof_n in_o small_a money_n to_o assay_v the_o silver_n according_a to_o the_o common_a centner_n weight_n a_o loath_a be_v half_a a_o ounce_n to_o assay_v the_o centner_n upon_o grain_n burn_a silver_n plete_v plate_n blink_v silver_n to_o make_v they_o to_o try_v they_o needle_n half_a loth._n clean_a work_n unclean_a work_n another_o custom_n among_o assayer_n when_o there_o be_v lead_v add_v to_o the_o work_n trial_n hearth_n trial_n the_o lead-grain_n to_o this_o trial_n another_o way_n to_o prove_v the_o tin_n with_o brimstone_n with_o antimony_n with_o gross-flint_n to_o separate_v the_o copper_n iron_n and_o silver_n how_o the_o coppery_n iron_n which_o hold_v silver_n be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o profit_v ironstone_n that_o contain_v silver_n deft_a or_o neat_a to_o prepare_v the_o test_n the_o manner_n of_o this_o burn_v wood_n for_o the_o burn_a of_o silver_n the_o content_n of_o burn_a silver_n how_o the_o silver_n do_v cool_a silver_n that_o be_v not_o burn_v too_o high_a coppery_n blinck_fw-mi silver_n when_o the_o silver_n burn_v be_v finish_v test_n to_o be_v make_v with_o with_o iron_n ring_v the_o muffle_v for_o silver_n burn_v a_o clean_a silver_n burn_v test_n to_o be_v keep_v how_o much_o lead_n be_v to_o be_v
follow_v as_o also_o of_o the_o rise_n and_o spring_n of_o metallic_a oar_n and_o how_o they_o grow_v in_o the_o mountain_n vein_n and_o channel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o how_o generate_v of_o which_o the_o old_a and_o late_a philosopher_n have_v have_v many_o different_a opinion_n as_o also_o of_o the_o stream_n channel_n and_o their_o enterval_n and_o other_o accident_n which_o do_v discover_v and_o produce_v oar_n whereby_o the_o miner_n do_v guide_v themselves_o in_o their_o proceed_n and_o work_n yet_o because_o it_o will_v have_v be_v too_o long_o and_o endless_a to_o recite_v the_o opinion_n of_o philosopher_n and_o the_o various_a operation_n of_o miner_n in_o respect_n they_o do_v not_o agree_v in_o all_o thing_n and_o miss_v very_o much_o of_o their_o aim_n and_o have_v write_v many_o book_n to_o little_a purpose_n therefore_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o have_v omit_v they_o and_o propose_v only_o my_o own_o practice_n for_o the_o better_a advance_v this_o metallick_n art_n the_o first_o part_n consist_v of_o v._o book_n the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n and_o section_n of_o the_o first_o book_n chap._n i._o of_o silver_n oar_n sction_n 1._o the_o i._o sculpture_n decipher_v 2._o the_o ii_o sculpture_n decipher_v 3._o the_o purpose_n of_o this_o first_o book_n 4._o why_o silver_n in_o the_o first_o place_n chap._n ii_o how_o silver_n oar_n be_v distinct_o know_v section_n 1._o of_o the_o difference_n in_o assay_v oar_n and_o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o silver_n oar_n as_o follow_v 2._o of_o glassy_a oar_n 3._o of_o white_a goldish_a oar_n 4._o of_o horny_a oar_n 5._o of_o red_a goldish_a oar_n 6._o of_o black_a oar_n 7._o of_o ironish_a oar_n 8._o of_o leadish_a oar_n 9_o of_o glitter_v or_o bismutick_a oar_n 10._o of_o float_v oar_n 11._o of_o azure_a or_o mountain-green_a oar_n 12._o of_o flinty_a oar_n many_o sort_n 13._o of_o blanch_n cobolt_n mispeckle_v or_o speckle_v oar_n 14._o of_o glimmer_n wolferan_n talk_n catsilver_n and_o sparkle_a oar_n 15._o of_o spelter_n or_o spizy_n oar_n 16._o of_o spady_n oar_n 17._o of_o slack_v and_o copper-stone_n oar_n 18._o of_o the_o way_n of_o assay_v they_o chap._n iii_o how_o the_o assay-oven_n to_o prove_v silver_n and_o other_o metal_n be_v to_o be_v prepare_v and_o make_v section_n 1._o of_o special_a oven_n adorn_v they_o not_o profitable_a 2._o the_o assay-oven_n various_o use_v to_o make_v good_a loam_n 3._o a_o assay_v oven_n make_v by_o norimberger_n 4._o a_o assay_v oven_n make_v of_o tile_n 5._o a_o assay_v oven_n in_o which_o the_o fire_n be_v best_a govern_v 6._o assay_v oven_n of_o armour_n plate_n 7._o the_o iii_o scupture_n decipher_v chap._n iu._n how_o muffle_v bottom_n plate_n test_n and_o other_o small_a potter_n work_n be_v to_o be_v make_v for_o assay_n section_n 1._o the_o assayer_n be_v to_o be_v skilled_a in_o make_v they_o 2._o of_o make_v the_o loam_n for_o they_o 3._o the_o frame_n for_o assay_v test_n 4._o to_o make_v muffle_v 5._o how_o the_o bottom_n of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v frame_v 6._o of_o dry_v and_o calcine_v the_o loam_n 7._o the_o iv._o sculpture_n decipher_v chap._n v._o of_o copel_n how_o they_o may_v be_v make_v firm_a and_o good_a section_n 1._o of_o good_a clay_n and_o clar._n 2._o what_o ash_n to_o be_v use_v and_o how_o wash_v 3._o of_o vine-wood_n and_o common_a ash_n 4._o of_o bone_n ash_n which_o best_o 5._o of_o instrument_n for_o the_o clar._n 6._o of_o glue_v water_n for_o copel_n chap._n vi_o how_o good_a copel_n may_v be_v make_v wherein_o the_o trial_n will_v not_o leap_v or_o sparkle_v section_n 1._o bone_n for_o copel_n of_o calf_n and_o sheep_n 2._o bone_n of_o fish_n the_o best_a chap._n vii_o how_o good_a clar_n be_v to_o be_v make_v for_o copel_n section_n 1._o clar_n of_o calves-head_n bone_n 2._o clar_n of_o hartshorn_n 3._o clar_n of_o fish_n bone_n 4._o how_o to_o be_v keep_v for_o use_v 5._o the_o v._o sculpture_n decipher_v 6._o the_o vi_o sculpture_n decipher_v chap._n viii_o how_o lead_v glass_n be_v to_o be_v make_v section_n 1._o to_o what_o oar_n lead_v glass_n be_v to_o be_v use_v 2._o to_o prepare_v the_o fluss_n or_o lead_v glass_n 3._o another_o way_n to_o prepare_v it_o 4._o another_o way_n to_o make_v it_o 5._o to_o cleanse_v the_o lead_n glass_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o weight_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o prove_v of_o silver_n section_n 1._o of_o the_o centner_n weight_n 2._o of_o divide_v the_o centner_n weight_n into_o dram_fw-la loathe_v ounce_n and_o pound_n 3._o of_o the_o penny-weight_n 4._o of_o divide_v the_o penny-weight_n into_o heller_n penny_n dram_fw-la loathe_v and_o mark_v 5._o of_o divide_v the_o dutch_a penny-weight_n into_o grain_n penny_n and_o mark_n 6._o of_o divide_v the_o grain-weight_n into_o loathe_v ounce_n and_o mark_n chap._n x._o how_o all_o silver_n oar_n be_v to_o be_v try_v and_o assay_v section_n 1._o of_o assay_v soft_a oar_n 2._o of_o assay_v hard_a oar_n 3._o of_o quick_a boil_a silver_n oar_n 4_o a_o way_n to_o assay_v raw_a oar_n 5._o to_o help_v raw_a oar_n 6._o of_o assay_v coppery_n flaky_a oar_n 7._o of_o cleanse_v gross_a sulphurous_a flinty_a oar_n after_o boil_v 8._o to_o assay_v cobolt_n oar_n 9_o of_o roast_a oar_n in_o the_o oven_n 10._o how_o the_o full_a worth_n of_o proof_n may_v be_v sound_a 11._o to_o assay_v with_o lead_n glass_n 12._o how_o many_o oar_n may_v be_v try_v in_o one_o oven_n 13._o to_o assay_v oar_n to_o a_o dram._n 14._o how_o to_o weigh_v the_o try_a grain_n 15._o to_o boil_v rich_a oar_n with_o fluss_n or_o lead_v glass_n chap._n xi_o how_o poor_a oar_n of_o silver_n be_v to_o be_v assay_v  _fw-fr chap._n xii_o to_o assay_v muddy_a water_n come_v from_o spring_n of_o silver_n  _fw-fr chap._n xiii_o how_o a_o true_a lead-grain_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o assay_v section_n 1._o care_v in_o the_o assay_v 2._o the_o poor_a lead_v not_o without_o silver_n 3._o of_o copper_n to_o be_v add_v to_o the_o lead_n grain_n 4._o another_o way_n to_o make_v a_o lead_n grain_n chap._n fourteen_o how_o slackstone_n and_o copper-stone_n be_v to_o be_v try_v for_o silver_n section_n 1._o what_o slackstone_n be_v 2._o how_o to_o separate_v it_o from_o sulphur_n etc._n etc._n 3._o how_o the_o cake_n of_o the_o slack_v be_v to_o be_v use_v chap._n xv._n to_o assay_v hard_a work_n and_o copper-laech_a for_o silver_n  _fw-fr chap._n xvi_o to_o assay_v melt_v speize_v section_n 1._o what_o speize_v be_v 2._o the_o difference_n between_o spize_n and_o slackstone_n 3._o to_o take_v the_o silver_n out_o of_o the_o spelter_n chap._n xvii_o how_o black_a copper_n be_v to_o be_v melt_v and_o cast_v into_o ingot_n section_n 1._o the_o difference_n of_o black_a copper_n 2._o how_o to_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n or_o ingot_n 3._o how_o to_o cast_v these_o ingot_n 4._o difference_n in_o proof_n ingot_n 5._o the_o assay_v a_o ingot_n 6._o to_o govern_v the_o fire_n for_o it_o 7._o of_o the_o grain_n produce_v from_o the_o assay_v 8._o another_o way_n to_o try_v copper_n for_o silver_n 9_o care_v of_o instrument_n 10._o the_o prove_v of_o black_a and_o raw_a copper_n 11._o the_o weight_n of_o the_o copel_n chap._n xviii_o to_o assay_v bell-metal_n for_o silver_n  _fw-fr chap._n xix_o how_o old_a silver-plate_n or_o coin_n be_v to_o be_v granulate_v section_n 1._o the_o grain_n of_o silver_n profitable_a 2._o why_o crucible_n break_v often_o in_o this_o work_n 3._o to_o make_v grain_n round_o or_o hollow_a and_o thin_a 4._o how_o to_o govern_v the_o fire_n in_o this_o work_n of_o granulation_n chap._n xx._n how_o to_o granulate_v silver_n out_o of_o a_o kiln_n section_n 1._o the_o manner_n of_o perform_v it_o 2._o a_o quick_a way_n of_o granulation_n 3._o what_o to_o do_v if_o the_o crucible_n break_v 4._o the_o vii_o sculpture_n decipher_v chap._n xxi_o how_o the_o granulated_a silver_n be_v to_o be_v assay_v for_o fine_a silver_n section_n 1._o of_o the_o different_a content_n of_o grain_a silver_n 2._o the_o different_a quantity_n of_o lead_n to_o be_v use_v 3._o of_o the_o assay_v grain_n 4._o of_o the_o rich_a assay_v grain_n 5._o when_o the_o proof_n have_v too_o little_a lead_n 6._o when_o the_o proof_n go_v too_o hot_a 7._o to_o assay_v grain_n with_o fine_a silver_n chap._n xxii_o how_o coin_v money_n of_o great_a or_o small_a sort_n may_v be_v assay_v section_n 1._o to_o assay_v dollar_n and_o rix_n guilder_n 2._o to_o assay_v with_o cover_a oven_n 3._o to_o assay_v double_a stivers_n 4._o the_o quantity_n of_o lead_n to_o be_v use_v for_o they_o 5._o to_o assay_v penny_n 6._o to_o find_v the_o proof_n of_o small_a money_n 7._o to_o assay_v silver_n by_o the_o centner_n weight_n 8._o to_o assay_v the_o content_n
the_o outward_a part_n complete_v 3._o the_o hole_n next_o the_o wind-hole_n 4._o the_o pot_n in_o which_o the_o sulphur_n and_o grain_a metal_n be_v to_o be_v prepare_v with_o a_o fire_n under_o it_o and_o a_o man_n attend_v it_o 5._o a_o single_a crucible_n and_o cover_n to_o it_o 6._o the_o iron_n tongue_n by_o which_o crucible_n be_v put_v in_o and_o take_v out_o of_o the_o fire_n 7._o the_o frame_n on_o which_o the_o crucible_n be_v to_o be_v set_v 8._o the_o iron_n vessel_n into_o which_o the_o stuff_n or_o melt_v matter_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v 9_o the_o man_n attend_v the_o wind-oven_n page_n 203._o sculpture_n xxvi_o represent_v 1._o the_o low_a part_n of_o a_o wooden_a frame_n of_o a_o press_n for_o make_v crucible_n 2._o the_o shape_n of_o the_o whole_a press_n and_o how_o the_o crucible_n be_v to_o be_v force_v under_o it_o 3._o the_o iron_n ring_n or_o hoop_n about_o the_o frame_n 4._o the_o shape_n of_o the_o crucible_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o press_n 5._o the_o handle_n by_o which_o the_o screw_v of_o the_o press_n be_v to_o be_v turn_v page_n 207._o sculpture_n xxvii_o represent_v 1._o the_o athanor_n and_o low_a mouth-hole_n of_o it_o 2._o the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n 3._o the_o edge_n on_o which_o the_o iron_n plate_n do_v lay_v on_o the_o iron_n grate_v 4._o the_o register_n or_o air-hole_n above_o the_o grate_v 5._o the_o little_a air-hole_n near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o athanor_n 6._o the_o stopple_v for_o the_o register_n or_o air-hole_n 7._o a_o test_n fit_v for_o the_o athanor_n 8_o &_o 9_o cement-pot_n 10._o a_o hook_n to_o stir_v the_o coal_n 11._o the_o man_n that_o stir_v the_o furnace_n and_o work_n page_n 222_o sculpture_n xxviii_o represent_v 1._o the_o form_n of_o a_o common_a cup_n cast_v in_o brass_n 2._o the_o cup_n of_o smith_n work_n 3._o a_o crucible_n for_o the_o work_n 4._o a_o flat_a test_n for_o it_o 5._o the_o ingot_n 6._o the_o plate_n of_o antimony_n with_o the_o gold_n regulus_n 8._o the_o antimony_n when_o the_o gold_n regulus_n be_v beat_v from_o it_o the_o content_n of_o the_o sculpture_n in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o copper_n oar_n page_n 235._o sculpture_n xxix_o represent_v 1._o the_o inside_n of_o the_o little_a oven_n make_v with_o tile_n 2_o the_o same_z when_o it_o be_v close_v 3._o the_o foot_n of_o the_o crucible_n upon_o the_o grate_n 4._o the_o little_a oven_n of_o potter_n clay_n strengthen_v by_o iron_n hoop_n and_o bar_n 5._o the_o foot_n of_o it_o 6._o the_o iron_n grate_n in_o it_o 7._o the_o crucible_n on_o the_o grate_n with_o the_o proof_n in_o it_o 8._o the_o wind-hole_n wherein_o the_o bellows_o be_v put_v 9_o the_o whole_a oven_n open_a with_o the_o bottom_n 10._o the_o iron_n hoop_n which_o go_v about_o it_o 11_o 12_o &_o 13._o the_o bellows_o brush_n and_o instrument_n page_n 247._o sculpture_n xxx_o represent_v 1._o the_o melting-oven_n to_o try_v copper_n oar_n from_o copper-stone_n 2._o the_o lute_v it_o with_o clay_n 3._o the_o buck_v or_o wash_v oar._n 4._o the_o little_a oven_n in_o which_o the_o copper-oar_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v with_o ordinary_a bellows_o and_o a_o man_n to_o attend_v they_o 5._o the_o bellows_o as_o they_o be_v use_v 6._o a_o copper_n instrument_n with_o a_o neck_n in_o which_o water_n be_v put_v and_o set_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o use_v instead_o of_o bellows_o call_v philosophical_a bellows_o see_v lib._n 1._o sculp_v 2._o 7._o the_o pot_n in_o which_o the_o fluss_n be_v to_o be_v make_v 8._o the_o assay_v crucibles_fw-fr 9_o the_o block_n hammer_n and_o piece_n to_o be_v beat_v page_n 265._o sculpture_n xxxi_o represent_v 1._o the_o copper_n and_o lead_v piece_n weigh_v and_o a_o man_n that_o attend_v they_o 2._o the_o oven_n for_o melt_v fresh_a oar_n 3._o the_o copper_n pan_n into_o which_o the_o fresh_a piece_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v 4._o the_o form_n of_o the_o fresh_a piece_n melt_v 5._o the_o melter_n 6._o the_o vault_n which_o receive_v the_o dust_n and_o smoke_n 7._o the_o little_a door_n out_o of_o which_o the_o dust_n be_v to_o be_v cleanse_v 8._o the_o wheel_n that_o bring_v in_o water_n with_o the_o tub_n to_o receive_v it_o page_n 274._o sculpture_n xxxii_o represent_v 1._o the_o assay_v oven_n for_o copper_n 2._o the_o supporter_n to_o be_v make_v of_o copper_n 3._o the_o assay_v piece_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o the_o oven_n 4._o the_o wall_n or_o four_o side_n of_o the_o oven_n with_o the_o fire_n in_o it_o and_o how_o the_o oven_n be_v brace_v with_o iron_n hoop_n 5._o the_o stamp_a piece_n and_o coal_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o oven_n 6._o the_o copper_n or_o iron_n little_a pan_n with_o a_o man_n put_v the_o melt_a stuff_n into_o they_o 7._o the_o kinstock_n 8._o the_o crane_n or_o draught_n by_o which_o the_o assay_v piece_n be_v to_o be_v lift_v out_o of_o the_o assay-oven_n or_o otherwise_o dispose_v of_o 9_o instrument_n viz._n ladle_n pitcher_n fork_n and_o hook_n 10._o the_o trough_n or_o place_n to_o cool_v the_o instrument_n in_o water_n page_n 278._o sculpture_n xxxiii_o represent_v 1._o a_o dry_n oven_n 2._o a_o oven_n soon_o make_v according_a to_o the_o hungarian_a way_n 3._o a_o common_a ready_a hearth_n attend_v with_o two_o men._n 4._o the_o kinstock_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pick_v with_o a_o iron_n tool_n and_o beat_v by_o a_o man._n 5._o a_o hearth_n for_o spize_v according_a to_o the_o hungarian_a way_n 6._o 6._o 6._o the_o copper_n cake_n quench_v in_o a_o cistern_n of_o water_n by_o a_o man._n page_n 284._o sculpture_n xxxiv_o represent_v 1._o a_o fresh_a oven_n 2._o a_o little_a by-oven_n for_o lead_n 3._o a_o fresh_a piece_n with_o a_o man_n lift_v it_o 4._o the_o separation_n of_o roast_a and_o weigh_v lead_n bring_v by_o a_o man_n with_o a_o wheel-barrow_n and_o lay_v in_o heap_n 5._o the_o vault_n for_o the_o smoke_n and_o dust_n 6._o the_o tunnel_n for_o the_o smoke_n 7._o the_o fresh_a oven_n without_o a_o fore_n wall_n 8._o 8._o the_o assay-oven_n 9_o the_o little_a pan_n for_o the_o melt_v work_n page_n 288._o sculpture_n xxxv_o represent_v 1._o a_o oven_n in_o which_o brass_n be_v to_o be_v make_v the_o shape_n of_o it_o in_o the_o inside_n and_o how_o the_o pot_n and_o crucible_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o it_o 2._o how_o the_o brass_n oven_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o work_n 3._o the_o shape_n of_o the_o pot_n and_o crucibles_n 4._o the_o shovel_n for_o the_o beat_a calaminaris_n stone_n which_o be_v to_o be_v mix_v with_o copper_n for_o the_o make_v brass_n 5._o the_o tongue_n by_o which_o the_o pot_n be_v to_o be_v set_v in_o and_o take_v out_o 6._o the_o wind-hole_n in_o the_o oven_n 7._o the_o piece_n of_o britain_n stone_n or_o lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n unbeaten_a 8._o the_o place_n for_o the_o master_n that_o sets-in_a the_o pot_n the_o content_n of_o the_o sculpture_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o lead_n oar_n tin_n antimony_n and_o quicksilver_n iron_n and_o the_o loadstone_n page_n 303._o sculpture_n xxxvi_o represent_v 1._o the_o wall_n of_o the_o furnace_n 2._o the_o line_n on_o they_o show_v the_o gradation_n of_o the_o metal_n descend_v 3._o the_o man_n that_o manage_v the_o metal_n in_o the_o furnace_n 4._o the_o back_n of_o the_o furnace_n with_o the_o coal_n and_o piece_n of_o metal_n flow_v 5._o the_o grand_a test_n 6._o the_o oven_n for_o that_o test_n 7._o the_o piece_n from_o the_o test_n 8._o the_o man_n that_o beat_v the_o oar._n 9_o the_o piece_n of_o oar_n and_o cinder_n 10._o a_o heap_n of_o charcoal_n 11._o the_o water-trough_n to_o wash_v the_o oar_n in_o 12._o the_o pipe_n by_o which_o the_o foul_a water_n be_v cast_v out_o 13._o the_o instrument_n for_o the_o furnace_n and_o test_n page_n 307._o sculpture_n xxxvii_o represent_v 1._o the_o little_a iron_n pan_n for_o spelter_n or_o wismuth_n oar_n 2._o the_o wood_n fire_n for_o they_o 3._o the_o melt_a spelter_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v clean_o in_o the_o iron_n pan_n and_o the_o workman_n that_o tend_v it_o 4._o he_o that_o draw_v the_o oar_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n the_o content_n of_o the_o sculpture_n in_o the_o five_o book_n of_o salt-petre_n vitriol_n and_o alum_n page_n 325._o sculpture_n xxxviii_o represent_v 1._o the_o tub_n in_o which_o the_o lees_n be_v make_v for_o salt_n petre_n and_o out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v extract_v and_o the_o can_v or_o vessel_n to_o put_v water_n into_o the_o tub._n 2._o the_o great_a tub_n into_o which_o the_o lees_n do_v run_v 3_o &_o 4._o the_o master_n and_o the_o balance_n by_o which_o he_o prove_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o lees._n 5._o the_o lamin_n 6._o the_o candle_n 7._o the_o pincer_n page_n 329._o sculpture_n
be_v please_v to_o the_o sight_n this_o indeed_o do_v they_o give_v they_o a_o adornment_n but_o there_o be_v no_o more_o do_v with_o it_o than_o with_o a_o common_a furnace_n that_o be_v make_v well_o though_o plain_a now_o there_o be_v many_o sort_n of_o assay-oven_n which_o assayer_n make_v use_v of_o according_a to_o their_o several_a way_n of_o work_v but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o one_o oven_n the_o fire_n be_v to_o be_v better_o govern_v than_o in_o another_o either_o by_o heat_n or_o cold_a as_o the_o difference_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a sculpture_n but_o i_o intend_v to_o mention_v first_o how_o the_o ancient_n have_v make_v their_o furnace_n section_n 2_o ancient_n the_o common_a assay-oven_n in_o which_o the_o ancient_n have_v make_v small_a trial_n they_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v make_v square_a of_o strong_a iron_n plate_n about_o fifteen_o inch_n wide_o below_o and_o sixteen_o inch_n high_a and_o slope_v from_o below_o to_o the_o top_n so_o that_o the_o square_n be_v about_o ten_o inch_n at_o the_o top_n and_o this_o square_n have_v no_o bottom_n but_o in_o the_o fire_n part_v it_o have_v a_o mouth-hole_n of_o four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a and_o the_o other_o three_o side_n have_v each_o of_o they_o at_o the_o bottom_n a_o wind_n hole_n four_o inch_n long_o and_o one_o and_o a_o half_a high_a there_o be_v also_o every_o where_o about_o the_o plate_n hole_n cut_v into_o it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v ruff_n and_o sharp_a for_o the_o loam_n to_o stick_v the_o better_a to_o the_o lute_v of_o their_o furnace_n loam_n now_o to_o make_v such_o a_o special_a good_a loam_n as_o will_v hold_v well_o in_o the_o fire_n take_v good_a and_o well_o wrought_v loam_n beat_v among_o it_o flock_n of_o wool_n or_o horse_n dung_n blood_n of_o ox_n scale_n of_o iron_n and_o common_a salt_n with_o which_o lute_n the_o furnace_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a thick_a let_v it_o dry_v then_o take_v small_a ground_n venice-glass_n bone-ash_n and_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o loam_n mingle_v it_o well_o together_o and_o plaster_v it_o all_o over_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o furnace_n let_v it_o dry_v well_o then_o make_v a_o gentle_a fire_n in_o it_o that_o it_o may_v be_v neald_v and_o when_o the_o furnace_n be_v to_o be_v use_v there_o must_v first_o be_v a_o smooth_a fire-place_n and_o upon_o that_o copell-ash_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v the_o breadth_n or_o thickness_n of_o a_o finger_n and_o this_o on_o the_o furnace_n must_v be_v place_v and_o in_o the_o oven_n upon_o the_o fire-place_n a_o muffle_v which_o be_v form_v as_o the_o follow_a sculpture_n do_v show_v and_o thus_o the_o assay-oven_n be_v make_v ready_a and_o when_o there_o be_v any_o trial_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o furnace_n after_o it_o be_v well_o glaze_v within_o by_o the_o last_o plaster_v over_o of_o the_o furnace_n with_o the_o venice-glass_n and_o ash_n it_o will_v last_v the_o long_o and_o when_o the_o furnace_n in_o length_n of_o time_n be_v quite_o burn_v out_o than_o the_o old_a loam_n be_v only_o to_o be_v knock_v out_o and_o fresh_a put_v in_o the_o room_n thereof_o and_o proceed_v as_o before_o in_o such_o a_o furnace_n he_o that_o know_v well_o the_o government_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o be_v a_o experience_a assayer_n may_v make_v all_o manner_n of_o trial_n only_o the_o register_n be_v soon_o stop_v with_o the_o ash_n than_o the_o furnace_n with_o the_o two_o mouth-hole_n of_o which_o there_o will_v be_v information_n hereafter_o section_n 3_o loam_n some_o assayer_n do_v use_v in_o their_o trial_n of_o furnace_n which_o be_v make_v of_o potter_n clay_n and_o form_v like_o the_o abovenamed_a furnace_n and_o tie_v they_o with_o wire_n and_o set_v they_o upon_o a_o foot_n which_o be_v broad_a and_o hollow_a and_o have_v in_o each_o of_o the_o four_o side_n wind-hole_n as_o the_o follow_a sculpture_n will_v show_v and_o in_o this_o furnace_n it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o govern_v the_o fire_n than_o in_o the_o above_o name_v furnace_n because_o the_o wind-hole_n in_o that_o furnace_n which_o be_v in_o the_o foot_n do_v stop_v themselves_o easy_o and_o such_o assay-oven_n be_v call_v proof-oven_n of_o noringberg_n and_o the_o muffle_v appertain_v to_o they_o be_v also_o see_v in_o the_o sculpture_n section_n 4_o jile_n but_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o place_n where_o no_o assay-oven_n be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o yet_o will_v assay_v a_o few_o trial_n in_o haste_n in_o such_o case_n take_v only_o a_o few_o tile_n place_v they_o together_o in_o a_o square_a and_o leave_v in_o the_o side_n wind-hole_n and_o in_o the_o forepart_n leave_v also_o a_o mouth-hole_n and_o with_o a_o pipkin_n cut_v in_o two_o make_v a_o muffle_v in_o it_o and_o in_o such_o furnace_n assay_n and_o trial_n may_v be_v well_o perform_v section_n 5_o govern_v but_o in_o such_o assay_v oven_n in_o which_o most_o commodious_o assay_n may_v be_v make_v and_o in_o which_o the_o fire_n may_v be_v right_a and_o due_o govern_v also_o as_o such_o as_o be_v not_o easy_o stop_v with_o ash_n and_o in_o which_o all_o the_o trial_n that_o may_v be_v make_v in_o any_o furnace_n may_v be_v try_v they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v thus_o viz._n eleven_o inch_n wide_a and_o sixteen_o inch_n high_a which_o be_v the_o full_a height_n of_o the_o assay-oven_n when_o you_o have_v measure_v eight_o inch_n high_a then_o work_v it_o a_o little_a in_o also_o that_o the_o oven_n at_o the_o top_n may_v remain_v seven_o inch_n wide_a and_o the_o thickness_n must_v be_v one_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o lowermost_a bottom_n three_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n thick_a then_o measure_v from_o the_o bottom_n three_o inch_n high_a and_o four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a which_o be_v for_o the_o low_a oven_n mouth_n then_o measure_v two_o inch_n above_o the_o low_a mouth-hole_n which_o be_v for_o separate_v of_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a oven_n mouth_n in_o like_a manner_n measure_v the_o height_n three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a and_o four_o inch_n wide_a then_o after_o a_o separation_n of_o a_o inch_n thick_a make_v the_o uppermost_a mouth-hole_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o little_a finger_n so_o that_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o hole_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o oven_n there_o may_v remain_v yet_o six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a then_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o ovens-mouth_n towards_o the_o corner_n measure_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n and_o make_v there_o two_o hole_n a_o pretty-big_a finger_n widness_n which_o must_v go_v straight_o through_o the_o oven_n as_o also_o the_o like_o behind_o when_o all_o this_o be_v do_v you_o must_v then_o also_o make_v a_o declination_n from_o whence_o the_o ash_n may_v fall_v which_o must_v stand_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o bottom_n and_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o side_n of_o the_o furnace_n and_o the_o declination_n must_v stretch_v hollow_a upward_o from_o the_o bottom_n six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a only_o observe_v this_o that_o if_o you_o intend_v to_o make_v any_o thing_n of_o clay_n than_o you_o must_v add_v so_o much_o as_o the_o clay_n use_v to_o shrink_v because_o one_o sort_n of_o clay_n do_v shrink_v more_o than_o another_o but_o most_o common_o ☜_o clay_n do_v shrink_v the_o ten_o part_n when_o this_o assay-oven_n be_v also_o finish_v and_o be_v yet_o soft_a then_o there_o must_v be_v edge_n cut_v in_o it_o in_o which_o the_o iron-bond_n or_o wire_n may_v lay_v after_o that_o let_v it_o dry_v well_o in_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o let_v it_o be_v hard_o bake_v in_o a_o potter_n furnace_n or_o brick-kiln_a section_n 6_o there_o be_v also_o in_o like_a manner_n assay_v oven_n make_v which_o outward_o be_v of_o a_o square_a form_n like_o the_o abovenamed_a armour-plate_n furnace_n and_o be_v make_v very_o neat_a and_o clean_a of_o strong_a armor-plate_n and_o writhen_a with_o ironpin_v on_o which_o the_o lute_n may_v stick_v well_o and_o artificial_o bring_v together_o also_o that_o such_o a_o furnace_n may_v be_v take_v asunder_o into_o five_o piece_n which_o furnace_n like_v to_o that_o of_o iron-plate_n must_v be_v neat_o lute_v with_o a_o good_a and_o firm_a lute_n and_o to_o the_o strong_a plate_n of_o iron_n at_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o oven_n there_o must_v be_v little_a plate_n to_o put_v forward_o and_o backward_o in_o small_a crevice_n and_o so_o according_a to_o necessity_n the_o trial_n may_v be_v well_o make_v of_o such_o assay_v oven_n there_o be_v much_o estimation_n make_v but_o there_o can_v no_o more_o be_v accomplish_v with_o it_o than_o in_o one_o of_o the_o other_o mention_v furnace_n if_o only_o a_o assayer_n have_v well_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o fire_n after_o which_o all_o proof_n be_v to_o be_v govern_v then_o can_v he_o without_o question_n do_v well_o in_o all_o these_o oven_n decipher_v
1._o a_o assay-oven_n use_v by_o the_o ancient_a refiner_n join_v with_o iron_n plate_n 2._o a_o essay-oven_n use_v by_o the_o norinburger_n in_o germany_n 3._o the_o foot_n of_o it_o 4._o a_o assay-oven_n make_v of_o tile_n join_v together_o which_o may_v quick_o be_v do_v 5._o a_o assay-oven_n make_v of_o potter_n loam_n and_o fasten_v with_o iron_n bond_n 6._o the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n of_o it_o 7._o the_o low_a mouth_n hole_n of_o it_o 8._o the_o hole_n for_o iron-barr_n to_o be_v put_v in_o 9_o a_o assay_v oven_n make_v of_o armour_n plate_n sculpture_n iii_o when_o any_o one_o of_o these_o assay-oven_n be_v thus_o prepare_v then_o cause_v two_o iron-bar_n to_o be_v make_v of_o a_o equal_a length_n which_o must_v go_v through_o the_o hole_n that_o be_v between_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a mouth-hole_n figure_n 6_o and_o 7_o and_o stand_v out_o about_o three_o inch_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o oven_n on_o which_o the_o plate_n must_v rest_v before_o the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n and_o cause_v a_o bottom-plate_n to_o be_v make_v no_o big_a than_o from_o the_o bar_n to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n and_o so_o broad_a that_o it_o may_v reach_v a_o little_a above_o the_o iron-bar_n and_o from_o the_o bottom-plate_n towards_o the_o side_n so_o as_o there_o may_v remain_v near_o a_o inch_n of_o room_n on_o the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o furnace_n whereby_o the_o wind_n may_v pass_v through_o it_o into_o the_o oven_n so_o that_o the_o fire_n may_v do_v its_o work_n to_o this_o assay-oven_n there_o belong_v singular_a muffle_v which_o may_v be_v see_v in_o their_o full_a proportion_n in_o the_o four_o follow_v sculpture_n there_o must_v be_v also_o a_o cover_n to_o the_o furnace_n with_o little_a instrument_n to_o be_v make_v of_o potter_n stuff_n to_o govern_v the_o fire_n the_o form_n of_o which_o be_v also_o in_o the_o four_o follow_v sculpture_n chap._n iu._n how_o muffle_v bottom-plate_n test_n and_o other_o small_a potters-work_a necessary_a for_o assayer_n be_v to_o be_v make_v section_n 1_o every_o assayer_n ought_v to_o have_v so_o much_o knowledge_n that_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v his_o assay-oven_n himself_o as_o also_o his_o test_n crucible_n muffle_v and_o what_o other_o utensil_n or_o instrument_n be_v daily_o use_v as_o necessary_a to_o assay_v because_o there_o be_v not_o in_o every_o place_n master_n of_o this_o art_n to_o be_v find_v who_o know_v how_o to_o make_v the_o same_o and_o although_o much_o pain_n may_v be_v take_v to_o instruct_v a_o potter_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n how_o to_o make_v some_o instrument_n belong_v to_o this_o art_n yet_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o they_o do_v not_o make_v they_o well_o nor_o in_o good_a shape_n whereby_o a_o assayer_n may_v perform_v his_o work_n and_o therefore_o i_o as_o well_o as_o other_o when_o we_o can_v not_o have_v good_a instrument_n make_v fit_v for_o we_o have_v be_v force_v to_o make_v they_o ourselves_o which_o be_v do_v thus_o section_n 2_o instrument_n take_v good_a potters-loam_n as_o good_a as_o may_v be_v have_v but_o the_o loam_n or_o day_n that_o be_v blue_a and_o become_v white_a in_o the_o fire_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o best_a for_o use_n let_v such_o loam_n dry_v in_o the_o sun_n till_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o when_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o make_v instrument_n of_o it_o let_v it_o be_v well_o pulverise_v then_o moisten_v it_o with_o water_n till_o it_o become_v soft_a and_o let_v it_o be_v well_o tread_v or_o break_v with_o a_o iron_n then_o put_v among_o it_o the_o wash_n of_o pebble-stone_n or_o very_o fine_a sand_n as_o much_o as_o the_o clay_n can_v well_o bear_v but_o that_o you_o may_v not_o add_v too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a be_v sure_a to_o make_v out_o of_o such_o stuff_n some_o assay-test_n or_o crucible_n and_o put_v into_o they_o some_o hard-flowing_a oar_n and_o place_n they_o in_o the_o fire_n which_o will_v offer_v thou_o a_o trial_n whereby_o thou_o may_v see_v if_o the_o stuff_n will_v hold_v well_o sound_a and_o firm_a some_o do_v mingle_v among_o it_o some_o chalk-stone_n or_o the_o subtle_a red_a talk_n or_o glimmer_v in_o such_o place_n where_o there_o be_v much_o of_o it_o but_o which_o be_v most_o necessary_a experience_n will_v teach_v some_o take_v in_o stead_n of_o it_o the_o break_a pot_n or_o crucible_n beat_v small_a and_o sift_v through_o a_o sine_fw-la seeve_v and_o put_v so_o much_o among_o the_o clay_n that_o they_o may_v work_n it_o well_o because_o of_o its_o britleness_n such_o crucible_n and_o test_n as_o be_v make_v of_o it_o hold_v well_o but_o when_o pebble-stone_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o be_v mingle_v with_o it_o that_o it_o do_v bind_v together_o in_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o big_a the_o heat_n be_v the_o more_o do_v it_o bind_v and_o this_o proof-test_n may_v be_v take_v whole_a out_o of_o the_o frame_n section_n 3_o whem_n the_o loam_n be_v prepare_v you_o must_v then_o have_v a_o frame_n in_o which_o you_o may_v beat_v the_o proof-test_n and_o make_v crucible_n the_o frames_n be_v best_a make_v of_o brass_n but_o they_o that_o can_v have_v such_o may_v cause_v they_o to_o be_v make_v of_o good_a wood_n of_o pear-tree_n and_o a_o iron-ring_n may_v be_v put_v upon_o it_o very_o close_o that_o the_o frame_n by_o reason_n of_o much_o use_n may_v not_o split_v or_o break_v then_o anoint_v the_o frame_n with_o a_o little_a bacon_n and_o put_v in_o it_o a_o little_a ball_n of_o the_o prepare_a stuff_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v enough_o and_o grease_v also_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o frame_n which_o be_v call_v the_o monk_n and_o beat_v the_o upper_a part_n with_o a_o wooden_a mallet_n into_o the_o case_n or_o frame_n then_o be_v the_o test_n form_v press_v it_o out_o with_o your_o finger_n but_o have_v a_o care_n that_o the_o clay_n be_v not_o too_o moist_a otherwise_o you_o can_v not_o press_v the_o assay-test_n whole_a out_o some_o do_v put_v the_o case_n with_o the_o test_n upon_o a_o sudden_a and_o quick_a heat_n and_o so_o the_o test_n will_v come_v out_o whole_a this_o be_v a_o very_a good_a way_n to_o make_v the_o small_a crucibles_fw-fr but_o with_o the_o great_a assay-test_n it_o will_v be_v too_o long_a and_o tedious_a section_n 4_o to_o make_v muffle_v you_o must_v have_v wooden_a stick_v cut_v frome_n in_o form_n of_o that_o bigness_n the_o muffle_v must_v be_v grease_v they_o with_o bacon_n and_o frame_v a_o lump_n of_o lute_n or_o clay_n of_o a_o convenient_a bigness_n that_o it_o may_v be_v cut_v with_o a_o copper_n wire_n into_o a_o thin_a leaf_n or_o piece_n and_o put_v it_o over_o the_o stick_v or_o frame_n and_o cut_v out_o of_o it_o such_o another_o leaf_n as_o may_v make_v it_o a_o half_a round_a piece_n that_o you_o may_v close_v it_o behind_o all_o this_o must_v be_v do_v upon_o the_o form_n and_o must_v with_o a_o moist_a hand_n be_v stick_v close_o to_o it_o then_o let_v it_o stand_v nigh_o three_o hour_n that_o the_o clay_n may_v be_v a_o little_a harden_v then_o cut_v the_o muffle_v out_o so_o as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o cut_v upon_o the_o side_n and_o behind_o and_o let_v it_o stand_v yet_o a_o little_a long_o that_o it_o may_v go_v easy_o from_o the_o stick_v some_o do_v strew_v a_o little_a fine_a sand_n or_o ash_n upon_o the_o frame_n after_o it_o be_v grease_v with_o bacon_n that_o the_o muffle_v may_v come_v easy_o from_o the_o frame_n but_o that_o many_o muffle_v may_v be_v prepare_v together_o therefore_o cause_n more_o than_o one_o of_o these_o frame_v to_o be_v make_v that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n while_o one_o do_v dry_a several_a more_o may_v be_v make_v section_n 5_o but_o to_o the_o bottom_n leave_v or_o piece_n you_o must_v have_v frame_v frames_n of_o wood_n in_o widness_n as_o the_o bottom_n leaf_n be_v thick_a and_o broad_a they_o must_v be_v press_v full_a with_o the_o prepare_a loam_n than_o they_o will_v dry_v quick_o and_o come_v out_o easy_o or_o cut_v out_o of_o a_o piece_n of_o clay_n a_o leaf_n with_o a_o small_a wire_n so_o thick_a as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o and_o shape_v it_o further_o as_o be_v necessary_a section_n 6_o assay_v these_o test_n muffle_v bottom_n leaf_n and_o crucible_n thus_o prepare_v must_v be_v very_o well_o dry_v and_o then_o in_o a_o kiln_n or_o potters-oven_n well_o calcine_v although_o the_o muffle_v and_o bottom_n leave_n be_v also_o use_v raw_a and_o uncalcine_v in_o the_o assay-oven_n but_o there_o must_v be_v a_o very_a gentle_a fire_n and_o the_o fire_n in_o the_o
assay-oven_n must_v first_o be_v kindle_v from_o above_o downward_o and_o so_o they_o will_v remain_v whole_a otherwise_o they_o will_v all_o fly_v in_o piece_n and_o thus_o you_o be_v full_o instruct_v how_o the_o potters-clay_n be_v to_o be_v make_v into_o instrument_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o good_a and_o firm_a they_o be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n to_o the_o assayer_n the_o form_n of_o which_o be_v true_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a sculpture_n sculpture_n iu._n decipher_v 1._o the_o muffle_v which_o the_o ancient_a assayer_n do_v use_v and_o the_o common_a assayer_n do_v still_o 2._o the_o muffle_v to_o the_o norimgberg_n assay-oven_n 3._o the_o muffle_v to_o the_o assay-oven_n with_o the_o two_o mouth_a hole_n 4._o stopple_v 5._o bottom_z plate_n 6._o cover_v 7._o wooden_a frames_n or_o mould_v for_o muffle_v 8._o the_o low_a part_n of_o a_o assay-test_n 9_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o a_o assay_v test_n 10._o the_o frame_v or_o mould_v for_o assay-test_n 11._o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o assay-crucible_n 12._o the_o upper_a part_n to_o it_o 13._o the_o assay-crucible_n perfect_v 14._o the_o small_a instrument_n for_o govern_v the_o fire_n make_v of_o potters-clay_n chap._n v._o of_o copel_n and_o how_o they_o may_v be_v make_v firm_a and_o good_a section_n 1_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o refine_a to_o have_v his_o copel_n make_v well_o because_o if_o the_o copel_n staff_n be_v not_o make_v of_o good_a loam_n or_o day_n they_o will_v devour_v the_o fine_a metal_n very_o much_o especial_o when_o the_o clar_n be_v not_o well_o make_v which_o be_v to_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o copel_n because_o it_o will_v rise_v and_o so_o the_o silver_n grain_n will_v be_v hide_v under_o it_o and_o if_o the_o clar_n be_v not_o good_a the_o silver_n grain_n will_v be_v lose_v under_o the_o lead_n and_o not_o fine_v also_o if_o the_o ash_n be_v not_o good_a or_o something_o fat_a or_o oily_a then_o will_v the_o copel_n melt_v in_o the_o fire_n which_o will_v prove_v of_o ill_a consequence_n because_o with_o such_o there_o can_v be_v no_o trial_n make_v but_o that_o you_o may_v have_v good_a copel_n that_o your_o trial_n may_v be_v the_o better_o perform_v make_v they_o in_o this_o follow_a manner_n section_n 2_o copil_n take_v ash_n burn_v from_o any_o light_a wood_n as_o sallow_n etc._n etc._n for_o such_o be_v best_a for_o this_o use_n and_o put_v they_o into_o a_o seeve_n and_o pour_v water_n on_o they_o that_o the_o ash_n may_v be_v wash_v through_o the_o seeve_n into_o a_o tub_n so_o the_o coal_n and_o grosser_n part_n may_v remain_v in_o the_o seeve_n then_o pour_v into_o the_o tub_n so_o much_o water_n more_o that_o the_o ash_n may_v be_v covered-ove_a then_o stir_v it_o about_o and_o let_v it_o stand_v a_o hour_n or_o two_o whereby_o the_o water_n will_v draw_v out_o the_o fatness_n and_o oilyness_n out_o of_o the_o ash_n then_o pour_v the_o remain_a water_n very_o gentle_o off_o that_o the_o thick_a trouble_a water_n may_v not_o go_v along_o with_o the_o clear_a water_n and_o then_o pour_v another_o water_n on_o it_o and_o let_v it_o stand_v also_o till_o the_o upper_a water_n grow_v clear_a then_o pour_v it_o again_o gentle_o off_o and_o this_o do_v till_o the_o water_n have_v no_o fatness_n or_o sharpness_n then_o the_o three_o time_n pour_v clear_a water_n on_o the_o ash_n and_o stir_v they_o about_o with_o a_o stick_n as_o before_o and_o pour_v that_o water_n whilst_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o muddy_a into_o another_o tub_n that_o the_o gross_a part_n of_o the_o ash_n in_o the_o first_o may_v remain_v till_o the_o water_n in_o the_o other_o tub_n be_v clear_a and_o well_o settle_v then_o let_v the_o water_n run_v clear_a from_o it_o again_o this_o be_v the_o first_o clear_v then_o pour_v another_o water_n upon_o the_o wash_v settle_a ash_n and_o stir_v they_o again_o with_o a_o stick_n then_o pour_v the_o thick_a again_o into_o another_o tub_n or_o boul_a that_o be_v to_o try_v if_o there_o remain_v any_o fatness_n or_o gross_a ash_n that_o it_o may_v all_o be_v clean_o separate_v and_o let_v the_o muddy_a water_n settle_v very_o well_o because_o it_o be_v the_o last_o wash_n and_o when_o the_o ash_n be_v thus_o far_o prepare_v then_o make_v ball_n thereof_o let_v they_o dry_v well_o in_o the_o sun_n or_o in_o a_o baker_n oven_n and_o keep_v they_o clean_o for_o use_v section_n 3_o ash_n there_o be_v some_o refiner_n that_o in_o stead_n of_o ash_n burn_v off_o light_a wood_n do_v take_v ash_n of_o vine-wood_n but_o they_o be_v not_o everywhere_o to_o be_v have_v and_o they_o do_v wash_v and_o prepare_v they_o as_o abovesaid_a some_o do_v use_v only_o such_o ash_n of_o which_o the_o common_a lixivium_n or_o lye_n be_v make_v but_o the_o two_o former_a be_v better_o which_o you_o will_v also_o find_v by_o use_n and_o experience_n only_o there_o must_v be_v a_o care_n that_o the_o ash_n be_v clear_a and_o well_o prepare_v section_n 4_o second_o you_o must_v have_v to_o your_o copel_n good_a serviceable_a and_o clean_a bone-ash_n for_o which_o take_v bone_n that_o have_v no_o marrow_n or_o gravy_n and_o burn_v they_o white_a pulverize_v and_o pass_v they_o through_o a_o hair_n seeve_v then_o grind_v they_o upon_o a_o stone_n like_o meal_n and_o so_o you_o have_v bone-ash_n prepare_v then_o take_v two_o part_n of_o the_o wash_a ash_n which_o have_v first_o pass_v through_o the_o hair_n seeve_v that_o they_o may_v not_o remain_v in_o lump_n and_o with_o one_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n bone-ash_n and_o mingle_v these_o two_o well_o together_o and_o moisten_v they_o with_o strong-beer_n but_o first_o let_v the_o beer_n boil_v away_o one_o third_z or_o with_o a_o glew-water_n but_o if_o you_o will_v bestow_v something_o more_o upon_o it_o then_o beat_v the_o white_n of_o egg_n in_o water_n and_o moisten_v the_o ash_n therewith_o but_o not_o too_o much_o that_o when_o you_o press_v a_o handful_n together_o the_o ash-ball_n may_v well_o remain_v entire_a then_o let_v 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good_a some_o do_v use_v a_o special_a instrument_n make_v of_o latin_a section_n 5_o which_o be_v full_a of_o little_a hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n in_o which_o they_o put_v the_o clar_n and_o with_o a_o wire_n that_o have_v underneath_o a_o clar._n little_a cross_n plate_n they_o cause_v it_o to_o run_v through_o but_o i_o do_v not_o like_v it_o so_o well_o as_o if_o it_o be_v part_v with_o the_o finger_n some_o do_v take_v also_o among_o the_o copel-ash_n the_o ten_o section_n 6_o copel_n part_n of_o good_a potters-loam_n which_o must_v also_o be_v wash_v like_o unto_o the_o copel-ash_n and_o dry_v it_o in_o the_o sun_n and_o this_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v use_v with_o it_o and_o when_o the_o clay_n be_v good_a and_o hold_v well_o in_o the_o fire_n otherwise_o it_o may_v do_v more_o hurt_n than_o good_a in_o the_o copel_n and_o i_o conclude_v when_o a_o man_n have_v good_a ash_n that_o be_v well_o wash_v as_o i_o have_v hint_v before_o good_a copel_n may_v be_v make_v that_o need_v no_o mixture_n and_o those_o ash_n may_v well_o be_v moisten_v with_o fair_a water_n but_o the_o copel_n be_v more_o brickle_z by_o it_o and_o not_o so_o firm_a as_o with_o the_o strong_a beer_n or_o glew-water_n chap._n vi_o how_o good_a copel_n may_v be_v make_v wherein_o the_o trial_n will_v not_o leap_v nor_o sparkle_v such_o copel_n as_o i_o have_v hitherto_o think_v section_n 1_o fit_a to_o mention_v be_v good_a to_o be_v use_v by_o which_o the_o true_a quantity_n and_o proof_n may_v be_v find_v in_o they_o when_o the_o governance_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v well_o observe_v but_o if_o this_o be_v not_o mind_v and_o the_o copel_n be_v cool_a and_o hot_a than_o some_o part_n
and_o the_o silver_n enter_v into_o the_o lead_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o antimony_n in_o the_o lead-oar_n and_o the_o red_a sulphur_n in_o the_o flint_n which_o be_v both_o again_o in_o the_o arsenic_n but_o when_o there_o be_v a_o desire_n to_o assay_v the_o speiz_v for_o silver_n you_o must_v grind_v it_o small_a and_o weigh_v it_o and_o with_o so_o much_o lead_n as_o a_o slackstone_n have_v need_n of_o set_v it_o on_o a_o test_n in_o a_o assay_v oven_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n a_o great_a grain_n of_o speiz_v will_v be_v find_v swim_v upon_o the_o lead_n which_o can_v be_v consume_v by_o it_o some_o refiner_n do_v take_v this_o grain_n with_o pincer_n out_o of_o the_o lead_n and_o although_o the_o silver_n of_o the_o speiz_v do_v enter_v into_o the_o lead_n yet_o without_o question_n such_o grain_n do_v contain_v some_o silver_n but_o that_o the_o full_a content_n thereof_o may_v be_v find_v out_o leave_v the_o grain_n on_o the_o test_n and_o add_v to_o the_o speiz_v on_o the_o test_n some_o file_n of_o iron_n that_o have_v no_o silver_n and_o then_o the_o speiz_v will_v be_v quite_o consume_v and_o become_v dross_n or_o slack_v chap._n xvii_o how_o black_a copper_n be_v to_o be_v melt_v and_o cast_v into_o ingot_n section_n 1_o there_o be_v many_o sort_n of_o black_a copper_n one_o part_n be_v very_o good_a but_o other_o unclean_a copper_n and_o harsh_a as_o iron-slacky_a leadish_a speizy_n and_o also_o sometime_o tinny_a according_a as_o a_o copper_n oar_n do_v break_v by_o another_o metallic_a oar_n or_o if_o any_o of_o they_o have_v vein_n through_o the_o copper_n oar_n such_o a_o metal_n come_v to_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o copper_n and_o be_v the_o worse_a for_o it_o so_o then_o if_o you_o will_v cut_v out_o such_o black_a copper_n and_o will_v cast_v a_o ingot_n of_o it_o take_v of_o the_o cake_n which_o have_v be_v out_o make_v upon_o the_o roast_n at_o once_o into_o copper_n cut_v a_o small_a piece_n of_o every_o cake_n above_o and_o under_o and_o not_o quite_o in_o the_o middle_n nor_o at_o the_o end_n according_a to_o proportion_n and_o bigness_n of_o the_o cake_n and_o here_o you_o must_v be_v careful_a that_o you_o do_v not_o cut_v a_o small_a piece_n out_o of_o a_o great_a cake_n nor_o a_o great_a piece_n out_o of_o a_o small_a cake_n because_o one_o cake_n contain_v more_o silver_n than_o the_o other_o and_o so_o a_o proof_n may_v be_v soon_o make_v false_a cast_v when_o the_o cake_n be_v all_o cut_v out_o then_o put_v all_o the_o piece_n into_o a_o crucible_n melt_v they_o before_o the_o bellows_o together_o and_o when_o the_o copper_n begin_v to_o flow_v and_o drive_v then_o stir_v it_o about_o with_o a_o dry_a splinter_n or_o stick_v and_o let_v it_o stand_v a_o little_a long_o then_o take_v a_o clean_a ingot_n rub_v with_o a_o little_a tallow_n and_o cast_v the_o copper_n into_o it_o all_o at_o once_o that_o nothing_o remain_v in_o the_o crucible_n but_o set_v the_o ingot_n smooth_a that_o the_o copper_n may_v be_v no_o thick_a at_o one_o end_n than_o the_o other_o because_o where_o the_o ingot_n do_v hang_v the_o copper_n run_v that_o way_n and_o be_v rich_a there_o in_o silver_n especial_o in_o rich_a copper_n you_o must_v also_o quench_v in_o water_n the_o cast_n ingot_n if_o the_o copper_n have_v not_o be_v leady_o or_o tinny_a and_o with_o a_o hard_a charcoal_n the_o tallow_n may_v be_v scour_v off_o and_o the_o ingot_n cleanse_v but_o the_o lead_n and_o coppery_n cast_v ingot_n must_v be_v leave_v cool_v in_o the_o ingot_n that_o the_o lead_n may_v not_o rise_v up_o so_o be_v the_o ingot_n finish_v which_o be_v to_o be_v cut_v halfthrough_a the_o ingot_n and_o beat_v it_o cross_a way_n then_o with_o a_o hammer_n and_o chisel_n strike_v it_o into_o two_o so_o in_o the_o breadth_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o copper_n may_v be_v see_v and_o how_o the_o ingot_n have_v be_v together_o and_o one_o half_a be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o buyer_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o seller_n that_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o error_n in_o the_o proof_n than_o the_o ingot_n may_v be_v assay_v again_o section_n 4_o it_o be_v also_o necessary_a to_o know_v that_o if_o the_o copper_n do_v ingot_n drive_v too_o long_o in_o the_o crucible_n it_o do_v waste_v and_o become_v rich_a in_o the_o content_n which_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v see_v beside_o if_o the_o ingot_n be_v cast_v too_o hot_a it_o will_v be_v in_o some_o place_n full_a of_o little_a hole_n also_o if_o it_o be_v not_o all_o over_o smooth_a but_o wrink_o and_o with_o knot_n than_o it_o be_v cast_v too_o cold_a so_o it_o be_v not_o find_v alike_o in_o content_n if_o any_o of_o this_o happen_v in_o cast_v by_o negligence_n than_o such_o a_o ingot_n be_v to_o be_v do_v away_o and_o the_o copper_n cake_n again_o cut_v out_o to_o cast_v another_o ingot_n and_o thereby_o you_o will_v fine_v the_o right_a proof_n and_o content_n because_o if_o the_o first_o shall_v be_v melt_v and_o cast_v again_o than_o it_o must_v drive_v again_o in_o the_o crucible_n and_o the_o copper_n will_v waste_v more_o so_o the_o content_n will_v be_v rich_a and_o the_o trial_n false_a section_n 5_o if_o you_o intend_v to_o assay_v such_o cast_v copper_n ingot_n for_o silver_n cut_v with_o a_o chissel_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ingot_n a_o ingot_n little_a piece_n put_v that_o away_o and_o cut_v another_o beat_v it_o flat_a upon_o a_o clean_a anvil_n or_o if_o it_o be_v brittle_a then_o to_o small_a bit_n which_o you_o may_v weigh_v and_o assay_v thus_o weigh_v of_o such_o piece_n equal_o two_o centner_n put_v each_o in_o a_o small_a paper_n by_o itself_o make_v it_o so_o that_o it_o may_v lie_v flat_a in_o the_o paper_n and_o not_o in_o heap_n put_v also_o two_o great_a well-made_a and_o well_o neal_v coppel_n in_o the_o assay-oven_n in_o the_o middle_n under_o the_o muffle_v and_o in_o each_o sixteen_o centner_n of_o good_a clean_a lead_n but_o before_o all_o this_o make_v a_o flame_n in_o the_o oven_n with_o a_o copper_n pipe_n and_o the_o oven_n and_o coppel_n must_v be_v clean_a that_o no_o ash_n may_v remain_v in_o it_o make_v it_o at_o the_o beginning_n warm_a and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o glow_v and_o when_o the_o lead_n do_v go_v upon_o the_o coppel_n and_o do_v not_o leap_v then_o put_v the_o weigh_v copper_n upon_o it_o make_v it_o hot_a again_o until_o it_o begin_v to_o melt_v or_o to_o go_v fresh_a after_o this_o open_a the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n and_o shut_v the_o low_a cover_v the_o oven_n with_o a_o cover_n yet_o not_o quite_o close_o but_o that_o it_o may_v remain_v open_a about_o a_o inch_n wide_a or_o as_o necessity_n do_v require_v afterward_o set_v behind_o and_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o muffle_v the_o little_a instrument_n so_o the_o copper_n will_v soon_o begin_v to_o go_v then_o let_v it_o have_v a_o requisite_a coldness_n because_o the_o copper_n among_o other_o metal_n try_v for_o silver_n can_v endure_v the_o most_o cold_a and_o after_o it_o have_v ☜_o go_v a_o while_n cold_a then_o lay_v before_o the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n a_o few_o live_v coal_n that_o do_v not_o sparkle_v or_o if_o you_o do_v make_v your_o trial_n in_o the_o furnace_n make_v of_o armour-plate_n as_o in_o sculpture_n iii_o figure_n 9_o then_o put_v before_o the_o upper_a ovens-mouth_n the_o little_a plate_n full_a of_o hole_n and_o govern_v the_o fire_n with_o such_o live_v coal_n on_o the_o plate_n with_o hole_n or_o by_o move_v the_o cover_v above_o that_o the_o trial_n may_v be_v hot_a and_o hot_a until_o the_o end_n then_o take_v the_o cover_v section_n 6_o quite_o from_o the_o oven_n and_o cause_v the_o grain_n of_o silver_n to_o be_v all_o over_o bright_a and_o clean_o from_o spot_n because_o the_o copper_n assay_v and_o government_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v of_o much_o concernment_n fire_n and_o be_v account_v so_o because_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v how_o to_o give_v heat_n and_o cold_a as_o it_o require_v if_o the_o same_o be_v due_o perform_v but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o and_o that_o the_o trial_n be_v too_o hot_a then_o there_o will_v be_v a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n less_o in_o a_o centner_n of_o rich_a copper_n and_o the_o content_n will_v be_v find_v so_o much_o poor_a but_o because_o such_o a_o knowledge_n and_o government_n of_o the_o fire_n can_v be_v describe_v but_o be_v learn_v only_o out_o of_o much_o experience_n therefore_o do_v i_o rest_v here_o but_o yet_o know_v thus_o much_o that_o if_o the_o proof_n on_o the_o coppel_n do_v grow_v high_a and_o clear_a than_o it_o be_v hot_a but_o if_o it_o do_v go_v flat_a and_o darkish_a then_o do_v it_o go_v cold_a
upon_o a_o assay-oven_n but_o no_o more_o at_o once_o than_o 5_o piece_n of_o rich_a lead_n that_o one_o centner_n with_o the_o other_o may_v contain_v 5_o loathe_v and_o a_o quarter_n of_o silver_n and_o there_o will_v remain_v also_o upon_o the_o oven_n keinstock_n and_o thornel_n which_o be_v fall_v down_o such_o thornel_n which_o come_v of_o rich_a lead_n they_o separate_v for_o they_o be_v the_o best_a and_o be_v to_o be_v use_v again_o and_o to_o be_v lay_v among_o the_o litarge-piece_n upon_o this_o poor_a contenty_n copper_n assay_v meditate_v with_o diligence_n for_o it_o be_v a_o profitable_a instruction_n chap._n xxiv_o how_o silver_n be_v to_o be_v separate_v from_o spizy_n and_o unclean_a black_a copper_n when_o the_o speizy_n and_o very_o unclean_a silver_n contenty_n copper_n be_v to_o be_v separate_v from_o other_o good_a copper_n than_o they_o use_v the_o prepare_a copper_n which_o be_v deft_a of_o themselves_o though_o they_o be_v brickle_z and_o unsmooth_a and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v to_o all_o sort_n of_o work_n to_o avoid_v this_o prepare_v to_o assay_v such_o degenerate_a black_a copper_n as_o follow_v take_v such_o black_a copper_n and_o dress_v they_o like_o a_o black_a licbeter_n copper_n with_o help_n of_o the_o lead_n by_o these_o mean_v they_o will_v become_v clean_a and_o deft_a and_o bring_v thus_o into_o compass_n so_o that_o oftentimes_o of_o three_o centner_n hardly_o remain_v one_o yet_o nothing_o of_o the_o silver_n go_v off_o but_o what_o have_v be_v before_o in_o the_o three_o raw_a centner_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v find_v together_o and_o then_o separate_v this_o prepare_a copper_n with_o good_a copper_n or_o by_o itself_o as_o be_v usual_a and_o in_o hungary_n they_o use_v this_o care_n about_o the_o poor_a copper_n though_o not_o very_o unclean_a which_o in_o their_o separate_n be_v often_o try_v and_o the_o copper_n become_v rich_a by_o it_o but_o that_o you_o may_v see_v how_o the_o copper_n oven_n be_v form_v and_o how_o to_o assay_v upon_o they_o this_o follow_a sculpture_n will_v show_v sculpture_n xxxii_o decipher_v 1._o the_o separate_a oven_n as_o it_o stand_v frame_v 2._o the_o supporter_n to_o it_o make_v of_o copper_n as_o they_o be_v to_o stand_v under_o the_o oven_n 3._o the_o cast_a piece_n as_o they_o be_v to_o stand_v in_o the_o oven_n 4._o the_o wall_n of_o the_o oven_n or_o the_o four_o side_n of_o it_o and_o the_o fire_n in_o it_o and_o how_o the_o oven_n be_v brace_v with_o iron_n hoop_n 5._o the_o stamp_a piece_n and_o coal_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o oven_n 6._o the_o copper_n or_o iron_n little_a pan_n with_o a_o man_n put_v the_o melt_a stuff_n into_o they_o 7._o the_o keinstock_n 8._o the_o crane_n or_o draught_n by_o which_o the_o assay_v piece_n be_v to_o be_v lift_v out_o of_o the_o assay-oven_n or_o otherwise_o dispose_v of_o 9_o instrument_n viz._n ladle_n picker_n fork_n and_o hook_n 10._o the_o trough_n or_o place_n to_o cool_v the_o instrument_n in_o water_n chap._n xxv_o instruction_n for_o drive_v lead_n and_o copper_n from_o silver_n if_o you_o have_v enough_o of_o that_o rich_a lead_n of_o which_o a_o centner_n contain_v 5_o loathe_v and_o a_o quarter_n of_o silver_n then_o prepare_v the_o drive_a hearth_n form_v with_o a_o vault_n like_o a_o great_a baker_n oven_n and_o lute_n it_o with_o all_o diligence_n and_o lay_v 100_o centner_n of_o this_o lead_n upon_o it_o and_o six_o centner_n of_o the_o rich_a copper_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pick_v out_o of_o the_o hearth_n of_o the_o speize_v oven_n of_o which_o the_o centner_n contain_v 10_o to_o 13_o loathe_v of_o silver_n which_o be_v call_v the_o stamp_a copper_n drive_v the_o work_n but_o not_o quite_o off_o and_o if_o it_o make_v lead_v slack_v then_o quench_v it_o and_o retain_v the_o same_o lead_n slack_v so_o in_o this_o will_v be_v near_o 50_o mark_n of_o hungarian_a silver_n harth_n but_o there_o must_v be_v two_o driving-harths_a one_o near_o the_o other_o and_o while_o you_o drive_v off_o the_o one_o work_n the_o other_o must_v be_v prepare_v with_o diligence_n for_o the_o other_o and_o then_o put_v upon_o it_o six_o centner_n of_o the_o rich_a copper_n and_o a_o hundred_o centner_n of_o rich_a lead_n which_o contain_v 5_o loathe_v and_o a_o quarter_n of_o silver_n and_o drive_v off_o the_o work_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o when_o the_o silver_n will_v almost_o go_v to_o it_o then_o add_v the_o say_a lead_n slack_v in_o which_o the_o 50_o mark_n of_o silver_n be_v and_o let_v the_o work_n go_v quite_o off_o thus_o you_o have_v 100_o mark_n of_o silver_n to_o 15_o loathe_v of_o fine_a but_o such_o work_n be_v use_v to_o drive_v they_o off_o in_o 4_o or_o five_o week_n that_o common_o one_o week_n with_o another_o be_v reckon_v to_o make_v 125_o mark_n of_o silver_n and_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o such_o a_o drive_v off_o to_o have_v 4_o lay_n of_o wood_n and_o you_o must_v not_o feed_v the_o fire_n upon_o such_o drive_a harth_n with_o long_a split-wood_n but_o because_o the_o oven_n have_v a_o singular_a vault_n it_o must_v be_v feed_v with_o good_a dry_a faggot-wood_n and_o let_v the_o bellows_o go_v true_a upon_o the_o work_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o drive_v the_o keinstock_n and_o thornel_n section_n 1_o keinstock_n be_v prepare_v upon_o the_o say_a assay-oven_n and_o if_o it_o be_v of_o rich_a or_o poor_a lead_n or_o thornel_n or_o litarge_fw-fr piece_n put_v they_o together_o in_o a_o drive_a oven_n and_o let_v there_o be_v four_o such_o drive_a oven_n and_o in_o every_o one_o 4_o row_v or_o lane_n upon_o these_o you_o be_v to_o set_v all_o sort_n of_o keinstock_n near_o 120_o centner_n then_o make_v a_o fire_n of_o dry_a split_v wood_n before_o and_o behind_o the_o row_v of_o litarge_fw-fr and_o dry_a the_o keinstock_n about_o 12_o or_o 14_o hour_n and_o that_o which_o run_v first_o out_o into_o the_o litarge_fw-fr row_n which_o will_v be_v but_o little_a this_o pour_v out_o and_o it_o be_v fresh_a lead_n and_o what_o remain_v of_o the_o thornel_n will_v fall_v down_o in_o the_o row_n than_o they_o be_v to_o be_v melt_v to_o thornel_n like_o those_o which_o be_v fly_v out_o under_o the_o melt_a oven_n section_n 2_o item_n such_o keinstock_n which_o remain_v above_o those_o oven_n be_v not_o to_o be_v boil_v in_o the_o great_a speize_v oven_n like_o the_o raw_a black_a copper_n but_o must_v be_v beat_v and_o knock_v that_o the_o shiffer_v and_o other_o uncleanness_n of_o they_o may_v be_v remove_v and_o then_o put_v they_o upon_o the_o boil_a hearth_n and_o drive_v the_o copper_n to_o be_v pure_a and_o when_o the_o slack_v be_v clean_o draw_v off_o then_o split_v the_o plate_n or_o cake_n one_o after_o another_o this_o be_v ready_a and_o deft_a copper_n and_o so_o the_o remain_v that_o be_v in_o a_o centner_n of_o such_o ready_a copper_n will_v be_v almost_o a_o loath_a of_o silver_n and_o one_o do_v take_v to_o a_o shich_v 4_o harth_n to_o contain_v near_o 18_o centner_n there_o be_v to_o be_v two_o such_o harth_n or_o copper-oven_n in_o the_o separate_a house_n or_o shed_v section_n 3_o wherein_o you_o may_v spleize_v or_o work_v all_o work_a day_n regulus_n the_o slack_v which_o be_v to_o be_v draw_v off_o from_o the_o harths_n be_v to_o be_v melt_v again_o through_o a_o melt_v oven_n and_o a_o regulus_n make_v of_o they_o which_o be_v call_v a_o copper_n regulus_n which_o i_o judge_v to_o be_v like_o the_o copper_n make_v at_o swatk_n set_v they_o in_o a_o dry_a oven_n and_o dry_v they_o off_o from_o this_o the_o thornel_n will_v fall_v down_o into_o the_o row_n these_o must_v be_v melt_v into_o thornel_n as_o above_o be_v mention_v for_o such_o copper_n regulus_n must_v not_o be_v wrought_v by_o itself_o for_o they_o be_v speizy_n therefore_o you_o must_v mingle_v they_o among_o the_o keinstock_n which_o be_v to_o be_v dry_v and_o you_o may_v make_v pure_a copper_n of_o they_o thus_o you_o have_v sufficient_a direction_n how_o copper_n section_n 4_o may_v be_v assay_v and_o separate_v but_o concern_v the_o reckon_n which_o always_o in_o such_o section_n 5_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v make_v know_v i_o will_v not_o recite_v here_o for_o every_o one_o practise_v will_v teach_v they_o and_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o book_n be_v the_o sure_a rule_n for_o it_o the_o next_o sculpture_n be_v thus_o decipher_v 1._o a_o dry_a oven_n 2._o a_o oven_n soon_o make_v according_a to_o the_o hungarian_a way_n 3._o a_o common_a and_o ready_a hearth_n for_o dry_v 4._o keinstock_n as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v pick_v and_o beat_v by_o a_o man_n 5._o harths_n for_o the_o hungarian_a speize_v or_o work_v 6._o copper_n cake_n quench_v in_o a_o cistern_n of_o water_n by_o a_o
find_v some_o few_o omission_n they_o may_v upon_o that_o account_n be_v the_o more_o kind_o dispense_v with_o 5._o i_o do_v retain_v many_o ancient_a and_o saxon_a word_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o affinity_n to_o the_o like_a word_n which_o be_v still_o use_v among_o we_o and_o these_o be_v hint_v in_o the_o dictionary_n 6._o in_o the_o dictionary_n or_o second_o part_n the_o first_o word_n which_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o explain_v be_v in_o capital_a letter_n and_o next_o the_o teutonick_n and_o latin_a word_n for_o those_o capital_n and_o other_o language_n as_o occasion_n require_v and_o these_o i_o collect_v from_o g._n agricola_n alstidius_n cowel_n minshaw_n and_o skinner_n dictionary_n for_o the_o teutonick_n from_o cooper_n and_o holiock_n for_o the_o latin_a from_o florio_n for_o the_o italian_a from_o cotgrave_n for_o the_o french_a and_o from_o waltons_n lexicon_n for_o the_o oriental_a tongue_n which_o with_o a_o german_a be_v all_o the_o help_n i_o have_v for_o the_o use_n of_o above_o 600_o word_n but_o the_o two_o chief_a language_n of_o which_o i_o make_v the_o great_a use_n be_v the_o teutonick_n and_o latin_a this_o from_o the_o old_a roman_n who_o continue_v among_o we_o above_o 500_o year_n the_o other_o from_o the_o saxon_n who_o be_v mix_v with_o we_o as_o long_o from_o both_o of_o which_o nation_n we_o gain_v a_o particular_a knowledge_n of_o mine_n and_o metal_n as_o may_v be_v evident_a from_o many_o roman_a and_o saxon_a work_n which_o remain_v here_o under_o their_o name_n to_o this_o day_n and_o many_o of_o our_o monarch_n particular_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v think_v fit_a to_o desire_v the_o assist_a skill_n of_o the_o german_n to_o improve_v we_o to_o prevent_v which_o trouble_n i_o here_o publish_v part_n of_o their_o art_n and_o intend_v more_o last_o i_o have_v give_v it_o the_o title_n of_o fleta_n which_o be_v borrow_v from_o a_o eminent_a lawyer_n who_o whilst_o he_o be_v prisoner_n in_o the_o fleet_n write_v his_o learned_a book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o thereupon_o as_o it_o be_v say_v he_o call_v his_o book_n fleta_n cowel_n to_o which_o i_o add_v minor_fw-la in_o submission_n to_o his_o great_a learning_n and_o for_o its_o affinity_n to_o the_o word_n miner_n viz._n one_o who_o labour_n in_o the_o mine_n as_o i_o do_v in_o learn_v the_o metallick_n art_n to_o conclude_v i_o have_v write_v some_o thing_n from_o authentic_a author_n too_o many_o to_o recite_v here_o and_o some_o from_o my_o own_o conception_n and_o observation_n now_o as_o they_o please_v i_o in_o writing_n so_o i_o hope_v they_o will_v not_o displease_v other_o in_o read_v john_n pettus_n the_o preface_n of_o lazarus_n erckern_n to_o his_o five_o follow_a book_n assay_v to_o learn_v and_o understand_v the_o way_n of_o assay_v prove_v and_o refine_v of_o metal_n be_v a_o excellent_a noble_a science_n and_o a_o ancient_n and_o profitable_a art_n long_o since_o find_v out_o by_o the_o art_n of_o alchemy_n and_o chemistry_n as_o also_o all_o other_o work_v of_o the_o fire_n by_o which_o not_o only_o the_o nature_n of_o oar_n and_o mine_n and_o what_o metal_n contain_v in_o they_o be_v know_v but_o also_o how_o much_o there_o be_v in_o a_o centner_n or_o in_o great_a or_o lesser_a weight_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o this_o art_n also_o teach_v how_o to_o examine_v each_o metal_n by_o itself_o as_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o adulterate_v or_o mix_v metal_n with_o it_o what_o and_o how_o much_o the_o same_o be_v and_o then_o which_o way_n those_o metal_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o such_o mixture_n or_o adulteration_n as_o also_o by_o several_a way_n to_o cleanse_v and_o separate_v other_o incorporate_a metal_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v judge_v to_o be_v fine_a clean_a and_o free_a from_o mixture_n therefore_o this_o art_n be_v very_o profitable_a to_o minerist_n and_o such_o as_o work_v in_o mine_n and_o intend_v to_o have_v benefit_n by_o they_o and_o such_o artist_n must_v endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o learn_v and_o exercise_v themselves_o in_o the_o same_o that_o they_o may_v thereby_o reap_v a_o profit_n to_o themselves_o and_o other_o and_o preserve_v themselves_o from_o inconvenience_n and_o danger_n by_o their_o want_n of_o knowledge_n therein_o by_o this_o art_n of_o refine_v and_o the_o profit_n that_o acrew_v by_o it_o many_o good_a and_o rich_a mine_n have_v be_v discover_v which_o otherwise_o will_v have_v lie_v conceal_v and_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o these_o discovery_n many_o city_n and_o village_n have_v be_v build_v land_n have_v be_v improve_v in_o their_o value_v and_o people_n thereby_o increase_v and_o plentiful_o maintain_v as_o also_o great_a and_o mighty_a trade_n and_o deal_n with_o gold_n silver_n copper_n and_o other_o metal_n here_o and_o in_o other_o country_n exercise_v and_o the_o coiner_n of_o coin_n and_o minting_n work_n have_v be_v multiply_v by_o their_o guardian_n and_o master_n for_o from_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n be_v make_v and_o much_o improve_v so_o that_o the_o true_a insight_n trial_n and_o examination_n of_o this_o art_n can_v be_v in_o any_o wise_a omit_v or_o neglect_v as_o that_o which_o be_v high_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v prince_n and_o such_o artist_n as_o have_v exercise_v themselves_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o assay_v and_o fundamental_o and_o diligent_o practise_v the_o same_o be_v by_o prince_n lord_n and_o community_n think_v worthy_a not_o only_o of_o great_a thanks_o but_o be_v also_o promote_v and_o recompense_v by_o they_o art_n for_o this_o art_n of_o assay_v be_v the_o very_a inlet_n and_o mother_n of_o many_o other_o honourable_a and_o profitable_a science_n as_o experience_n teach_v we_o and_o the_o more_o a_o man_n find_v out_o the_o more_o he_o be_v stir_v up_o to_o the_o contemplate_v and_o do_v thing_n of_o a_o high_a nature_n necessary_a so_o that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o metallick_n oar_n and_o mineral_n be_v first_o to_o be_v inquire_v into_o namely_o how_o each_o one_o according_a to_o their_o nature_n figure_n form_n and_o colour_n be_v distinguishable_a from_o each_o other_o which_o without_o great_a diligence_n and_o daily_a practice_n can_v be_v know_v because_o god_n the_o almighty_a creator_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n have_v place_v metal_n and_o mineral_n in_o the_o mountain_n valley_n and_o vein_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o grow_v there_o he_o have_v also_o give_v to_o all_o and_o each_o of_o they_o a_o outward_a form_n and_o colour_n by_o which_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o may_v be_v distinct_o know_v metal_n second_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o this_o science_n and_o very_o necessary_a to_o be_v inquire_v into_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_a know_v how_o to_o govern_v the_o same_o so_o that_o he_o may_v give_v no_o metal_n more_o fire_n than_o its_o due_a but_o to_o every_o one_o its_o proportion_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a as_o necessity_n require_v to_o add_v or_o take_v from_o it_o in_o its_o operation_n instrument_n after_o the_o knowledge_n of_o govern_v the_o fire_n the_o artist_n must_v have_v the_o knowledge_n also_o of_o make_v all_o the_o instrument_n and_o furnace_n for_o this_o either_o by_o his_o own_o handy_a furnace_n work_n skilful_o to_o prepare_v they_o or_o at_o least_o to_o direct_v that_o they_o may_v be_v well_o make_v whereby_o he_o may_v not_o be_v hinder_v in_o his_o work_n but_o by_o his_o own_o diligence_n accomplish_v they_o scale_n in_o like_a manner_n he_o must_v be_v careful_a in_o procure_v good_a and_o just_a scale_n and_o weight_n and_o to_o know_v also_o how_o to_o make_v they_o in_o case_n such_o artificer_n shall_v be_v want_v and_o fit_v they_o to_o all_o metal_n and_o he_o must_v have_v great_a care_n in_o preserve_v they_o from_o dust_n and_o that_o they_o be_v always_o pure_a and_o clean_a so_o that_o as_o occasion_n serve_v he_o may_v rely_v on_o the_o certainty_n of_o proof_n by_o they_o arithmetic_n next_o to_o the_o former_a direction_n he_o must_v be_v well_o skilled_a experience_a and_o exercise_v in_o the_o art_n of_o arithmetic_n for_o the_o number_n and_o cast_v up_o account_n which_o to_o assay_v coin_n and_o refine_v work_n be_v very_o necessary_a and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o master_n piece_n in_o this_o metallick_n art_fw-la and_o every_o assayer_n must_v not_o only_o diligent_o learn_v this_o numeral_a science_n necessary_a to_o be_v know_v for_o the_o prove_v of_o metal_n or_o what_o belong_v thereto_o but_o also_o all_o such_o art_n and_o science_n as_o may_v accomplish_v his_o full_a design_n therein_o now_o though_o it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v unserviceable_a to_o have_v write_v of_o all_o such_o thing_n more_o large_o in_o this_o preface_n and_o entrance_n to_o what_o
way_n of_o melt_v it_o chap._n xv._n a_o instruction_n for_o tin_n sope-work_n section_n 1._o of_o seeve-work_n chap._n xvi_o to_o prove_v tin_n by_o addition_n section_n 1_o &_o 2._o the_o light_a tin_n the_o best_a chap._n xvii_o to_o prove_v antimony_n  _fw-fr chap._n xviii_o of_o quicksilver_n oar._n section_n 1._o describe_v chap._n xix_o how_o to_o prove_v quick-silvet_a oar_n for_o quicksilver_n section_n 1._o jug_n and_o bottle_n to_o be_v fit_v for_o it_o chap._n xx._n to_o prove_v iron_n and_o steel_n stone_n  _fw-fr chap._n xxi_o to_o prove_v whether_o ironstone_n be_v rich_a in_o iron_n section_n 1_o 2_o &_o 3._o to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o loadstone_n 4_o how_o to_o melt_v the_o iron_n stone_n chap._n xxii_o of_o magnet_n or_o loadstone_n section_n 1._o 5._o several_a use_n of_o it_o the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n and_o section_n of_o the_o five_o book_n chap._n i._o of_o salt-petre_n section_n 1._o the_o purpose_n of_o this_o book_n 2._o how_o to_o boil_v salt-petre_n chap._n ii_o what_o earth_n do_v afford_v the_o best_a salt-petre_n section_n 1._o from_o sheep-cotes_n 2._o from_o under_o old_a wall_n 3._o from_o under_o earthen_a and_o unplastered_a house_n 4._o from_o under_o horse-stable_n chap._n iii_o how_o to_o prove_v the_o several_a earth_n for_o it_o section_n 6._o several_a way_n of_o prove_v it_o 7._o the_o xxxviii_o sculpture_n decipher_v chap._n iu._n how_o to_o make_v a_o lixivium_n menstruum_fw-la or_o lees_n of_o the_o earth_n section_n 1._o of_o tub_n for_o the_o lees._n 2._o of_o stick_n and_o reed_n to_o be_v use_v 3_o 4_o &_o 5._o of_o weak_a and_o raw_a and_o strong_a lees._n 6._o of_o strong_a lees_n or_o sud_n 7._o the_o thirty-nine_o sculpture_n decipher_v chap._n v._o how_o to_o boil_v the_o lees_n or_o sud_n  _fw-fr chap._n vi_o how_o to_o prepare_v lees_n for_o a_o crude_a and_o raw_a salt-petre_n section_n 1._o how_o the_o salt_n be_v to_o be_v take_v out_o 2._o xl._o sculpture_n decipher_v chap._n vii_o how_o to_o cleanse_v the_o raw_a salt-petre_n section_n 1_o &_o 2._o of_o raw_a salt-petre_n 3_o &_o 4._o of_o purify_n it_o 5._o of_o course_n salt-petre_n 6._o proof_n set_v out_o 7._o of_o purify_n it_o again_o 8._o another_o proof_n 9_o of_o scum_v it_o 10._o of_o cleanse_v the_o kettle_n 11._o of_o what_o salt-petre_n be_v generate_v and_o how_o spoil_v 12._o mingle_v splinter_n of_o wood_n with_o it_o 13._o reference_n to_o the_o xl._o sculpture_n chap._n viii_o how_o to_o cleanse_v the_o great_a grain_v or_o black_a salt-petre_n section_n 1._o the_o use_n of_o it_o 2._o to_o make_v it_o white_a 3._o to_o purify_v it_o through_o ash_n chap._n ix_o how_o to_o make_v the_o raw_a salt-petre_n rich_a before_o boil_v of_o it_o section_n 1._o the_o manner_n of_o do_v of_o it_o 2._o the_o profit_n by_o it_o 3._o to_o water_v out_o the_o earth_n and_o enrich_v it_o 4._o to_o enrich_v the_o lees_n of_o alum_n 5._o the_o xli_o sculpture_n decipher_v 6._o the_o shed_v for_o salt_n petre_n how_o build_v chap._n x._o how_o flint_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v for_o vitriol_n and_o allum-oar_n for_o alum_n section_n 1._o to_o make_v lees_n or_o sud_n of_o it_o 2._o to_o make_v lees_n of_o alum_n 3._o to_o make_v lees_n of_o vitriol_n 4._o the_o conclusion_n to_o the_o v._o book_n and_o the_o author_n apology_n and_o thanks_o to_o god_n the_o content_n of_o the_o sculpture_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o silver_n oar_n page_n 1._o sculpture_n i._n represent_v 1._o the_o effigy_n of_o lazarus_n erckern_n the_o assayer_n 2._o the_o scale_n and_o box_n of_o weight_n 3._o glass_n for_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la aqua_fw-la vitrioli_fw-la aqua_fw-la argenteae_fw-la or_o quicksilver_n etc._n etc._n page_n 2._o sculpture_n ii_o represent_v 1._o the_o form_n of_o a_o athanor_n or_o great_a furnace_n 2._o the_o forceps_fw-la or_o tongue_n and_o fork_n 3._o the_o copel_n test_n and_o philosophical_a bellows_o 4._o the_o digestive_a pot_n with_o its_o cover_n and_o fire_n about_o it_o 5._o a_o cover_a crucible_n 6._o the_o long_a bell_n or_o matrass_n glass_n in_o a_o sand_n furnace_n 7._o the_o wind-furnace_n with_o a_o blow_v pipe_n 8._o a_o furnace_n with_o a_o copper-head_n and_o its_o receiver_n 9_o a_o furnace_n with_o a_o naked_a and_o open_a fire_n 10._o a_o pestle_n and_o mortar_n with_o a_o man_n beat_v the_o metal_n 11._o the_o owl_n head_n or_o another_o form_n of_o a_o cover_n to_o the_o eight_o figure_n in_o this_o section_n 12._o a_o retort_n page_n 13._o sculpture_n iii_o represent_v 1._o a_o assay_v oven_n use_v by_o the_o ancient_a refiner_n join_v with_o iron_n plate_n 2._o a_o assay_v oven_n use_v by_o the_o norimberger_n in_o germany_n 3._o the_o foot_n of_o it_o 4._o a_o assay_v oven_n make_v of_o tile_n join_v together_o which_o may_v quick_o be_v do_v 5._o a_o assay-oven_n make_v of_o potter_n loam_n and_o fasten_v with_o iron_n bond_n or_o hoop_n 6._o the_o upper_a mouth-hole_n of_o it_o 7._o the_o low_a mouth-hole_n of_o it_o 8._o the_o holes_n for_o iron_n bar_v to_o be_v put_v in_o 9_o a_o assay-oven_n make_v of_o armour_n plate_n page_n 17._o sculpture_n iu._n represent_v 1._o the_o form_n of_o muffle_v which_o the_o ancient_a assayer_n do_v and_o still_o the_o common_a assayer_n do_v use_v 2._o the_o muffle_v to_o the_o norimburg_n assay_v oven_n 3._o the_o muffle_v to_o the_o assay_v oven_n with_o two_o mouth_n hole_n 4._o the_o stopple_v 5._o the_o bottom_n plate_n 6._o the_o wooden_a frame_n for_o that_o muffle_v 7._o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o assay_v test_n 8._o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o 9_o the_o mould_n for_o the_o assay-test_n 10._o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o assay-test_n 11._o the_o upper_a part_n 12._o the_o assay-crucible_n 13._o the_o small_a instrument_n for_o govern_v the_o fire_n make_v of_o potter_n clay_n page_n 24._o sculpture_n v._n represent_v 1_o &_o 3._o the_o copel_n case_n 2_o &_o 4._o the_o copel_n that_o be_v make_v in_o they_o 5._o the_o copel_v set_v on_o one_o another_o 6._o the_o wash_a ash_n make_v into_o ball_n 7._o he_o that_o work_v the_o ash_n 8._o he_o that_o form_n and_o strike_v the_o copel_n page_n 25._o sculpture_n vi._n represent_v 1._o the_o copel_n case_n 2._o the_o copel_n for_o copper_n proof_n and_o common_a oar_n 3._o the_o copel_n fot_o metal_n that_o be_v poor_a in_o silver_n or_o grain_v and_o common_a oar_n 4._o the_o copel_n for_o common_a silver_n trial_n which_o be_v assay_v according_a to_o weight_n 5._o the_o copel_n for_o sterling_a silver_n proof_n 6._o how_o the_o copel_n be_v place_v upon_o each_o other_o in_o the_o fire_n page_n 56._o sculpture_n vii_o represent_v 1._o the_o grain_n or_o grainulate_a kiln_n or_o furnace_n 2._o the_o wind-oven_n 3._o another_o wind-oven_n of_o potter_n loam_n gird_v with_o iron_n and_o place_v on_o a_o three_o foot_n iron_n frame_n 4._o the_o crucible_n in_o which_o the_o siver_z be_v to_o be_v melt_v 5._o the_o crucible_n in_o which_o the_o melt_a metal_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o big_a crucible_n 6._o the_o copper_n bason_n with_o two_o ear_n wherein_o the_o granulate_v of_o metal_n be_v perform_v 7._o a_o iron_n roast_v wherein_o the_o silver_n be_v heat_v and_o roast_v 8._o he_o that_o tend_v that_o grain_n kiln_n 9_o the_o broom_n holder_n for_o granulation_n 10._o the_o granulate_a vessel_n 11._o the_o bellows_o to_o the_o grain_n kiln_n 12._o the_o instrument_n use_v by_o he_o that_o tend_v the_o kiln_n 13._o a_o tub_n and_o tankard_n for_o water_n 14._o piece_n that_o be_v granulate_v page_n 65._o sculpture_n viii_o represent_v 1_o &_o 2._o the_o proportion_n of_o touch_n needle_n for_o silver_n 4_o &_o 5._o the_o ingot_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o touch-needle_n page_n 76._o sculptture_v ix_o represent_v 1._o the_o burn_a fnrnace_n 2._o the_o test_n which_o be_v put_v into_o it_o 3._o how_o silver_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v on_o the_o test_n 4._o the_o bellows_o blow_v it_o 5._o the_o iron_n plate_n lute_v over_o the_o clay_n use_v against_o the_o heat_n 6._o a_o fork_n and_o hook_n to_o stir_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o iron_n use_v about_o proof_n 7._o a_o complete_a test_n unwarmed_a 8._o a_o test_n which_o be_v in_o warm_v 9_o the_o roaster_n or_o iron_n on_o which_o the_o burn_a silver_n be_v dry_v 10._o the_o water-tub_n over_o which_o the_o burn_a silver_n be_v brush_v clean_o 11._o the_o ball_n and_o pestle_n for_o make_v the_o test_n 12._o the_o block_n on_o which_o the_o silver_n be_v beat_v with_o the_o hammer_n 13._o the_o split_n or_o rive_v wood_n for_o burn_v the_o silver_n 14._o a_o test_n that_o have_v be_v use_v or_o break_v 15._o a_o three_o footed_a stool_n for_o several_a use_n 16._o a_o tankard_n to_o take_v out_o
yet_o there_o be_v but_o little_a to_o be_v find_v of_o it_o that_o be_v quite_o without_o silver_n section_n 2_o so_o then_o there_o be_v no_o ground_v upon_o this_o because_o silver_n unexpert_a assayer_n that_o do_v run_v off_o upon_o the_o copel_n four_o centner_n of_o lead_n and_o when_o they_o find_v no_o silver_n therein_o do_v therefore_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v no_o silver_n in_o the_o lead_n but_o there_o be_v need_n to_o run_v off_o so_o much_o lead_n upon_o the_o coppel_n as_o much_o as_o be_v require_v to_o every_o assay_v and_o to_o try_v it_o more_o than_o once_o and_o if_o then_o there_o be_v find_v nothing_o in_o all_o this_o then_o may_v it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o lead_n hold_v no_o silver_n and_o yet_o one_o be_v not_o to_o rely_v altogether_o upon_o it_o but_o a_o assayer_n be_v to_o prove_v his_o lead_n several_a time_n over_o and_o over_o again_o that_o if_o a_o piece_n or_o lump_n shall_v differ_v one_o from_o another_o because_o the_o piece_n of_o lead_n be_v not_o all_o cast_n at_o once_o in_o the_o smelting_a house_n where_o it_o be_v make_v that_o he_o may_v be_v certain_a of_o his_o lead_n which_o be_v of_o much_o concernment_n and_o so_o you_o will_v find_v that_o also_o the_o villach-lead_a do_v leave_v a_o grain_n of_o silver_n when_o the_o full_a weight_n of_o lead_n be_v assay_v which_o silver-grain_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o scale_n with_o the_o assay-weight_n that_o it_o may_v be_v abate_v from_o the_o other_o grain_n of_o silver_n which_o come_v from_o the_o proof-oar_n section_n 3_o further_n some_o assayer_n be_v of_o the_o mind_n that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o little_a copper_n add_v that_o hold_v no_o silver_n at_o all_o and_o copper_n do_v cause_v it_o to_o go_v off_o on_o the_o coppel_n that_o then_o the_o lead-grain_n be_v find_v the_o better_a this_o be_v well_o if_o one_o desire_n to_o try_v copper_n upon_o silver_n and_o so_o to_o make_v the_o lead-grain_n but_o to_o oar-proof_n and_o to_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o coppery_n such_o a_o lead-grain_n must_v not_o be_v use_v section_n 4_o grain_n because_o all_o oar-tryal_n do_v slack_a in_o the_o prove_v such_o as_o be_v very_o rich_a of_o lead_n and_o yet_o do_v afford_v some_o silver_n the_o opinion_n of_o some_o be_v to_o take_v the_o weight_n of_o lead_n and_o a_o centner_n of_o earth_n of_o the_o mine_n or_o common_a oar_n which_o have_v little_a or_o no_o silver_n and_o boil_v they_o up_o together_o that_o they_o may_v turn_v to_o slack_v as_o be_v do_v with_o the_o oar-tryal_n then_o the_o slack_v will_v draw_v in_o part_n of_o the_o lead_n grain_n which_o be_v to_o be_v count_v for_o a_o true_a lead-grain_n for_o use_n but_o i_o judge_v because_o the_o lead_v grain_n be_v otherwise_o poor_a that_o the_o difference_n herein_o be_v not_o great_a yet_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o every_o one_o pleasure_n to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o own_o way_n chap._n fourteen_o how_o a_o slackstone_n or_o copper-stone_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o to_o be_v try_v for_o silver_n and_o what_o the_o slackstone_n be_v section_n 1_o be_v slackstone_n as_o the_o philosopher_n do_v judge_n be_v sulphur_n and_o arsenic_n mingle_v with_o a_o subtle_a earth_n and_o do_v separate_v in_o fusion_n from_o the_o dross_n and_o do_v draw_v the_o copper_n and_o silver_n to_o itself_o demonstrate_v thus_o the_o brimstone_n in_o the_o beginning_n do_v roast_v away_o and_o the_o arsenic_n do_v sublime_a itself_o with_o a_o strong_a heat_n but_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o the_o silver_n be_v and_o the_o copper_n do_v remain_v which_o be_v afterward_o easy_o bring_v to_o slack_v that_o the_o metal_n may_v be_v separate_v which_o otherwise_o can_v not_o be_v if_o the_o arsenic_n have_v be_v with_o it_o from_o hence_o may_v be_v know_v how_o to_o draw_v the_o silver_n and_o copper_n out_o of_o the_o slackstone_n so_o can_v it_o be_v no_o otherwise_o than_o to_o separate_v the_o sulphur_n and_o arsenic_n first_o from_o it_o which_o be_v do_v by_o roast_v as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o great_a work_n of_o smelting_a thus_o that_o the_o slackstone_n in_o the_o beginning_n may_v have_v but_o small_a heat_n and_o not_o a_o strong_a fire_n so_o that_o the_o section_n 2_o sulphur_n cold_a air_n may_v easy_o fall_v upon_o it_o and_o cause_v the_o venomous_a sulphur_n to_o rise_v which_o do_v fly_v from_o cold_a and_o ☞_o love_v the_o heat_n and_o so_o do_v easy_o separate_v which_o otherwise_o do_v stay_v in_o a_o violent_a heat_n and_o remain_v always_o slack_a stone_n and_o be_v afterward_o not_o so_o easy_o separate_v yet_o a_o small_a heat_n only_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o in_o roast_v the_o fire_n must_v be_v increase_v by_o degree_n and_o in_o the_o end_n when_o the_o sulphur_n be_v almost_o roast_v away_o from_o the_o slack_a stone_n then_o with_o a_o strong_a fire_n the_o remain_a sulphur_n and_o arsenic_n must_v be_v drive_v away_o although_o the_o roast_n shall_v flow_v with_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v no_o hurt_n to_o it_o i_o do_v write_v this_o that_o it_o may_v be_v see_v that_o the_o searcher_n of_o nature_n have_v also_o with_o diligence_n search_v into_o these_o thing_n and_o that_o roast_n have_v have_v its_o rise_n from_o thence_o out_o when_o the_o red_a slack_v or_o copper-stone_n be_v prepare_v and_o the_o cake_n set_v upon_o one_o another_o and_o you_o be_v willing_a to_o try_v they_o for_o silver_n then_o beat_v out_o of_o every_o cake_n a_o piece_n not_o quite_o in_o the_o middle_a nor_o quite_o at_o the_o ☞_o end_n which_o be_v the_o best_a for_o proof_n because_o the_o silver_n run_v towards_o the_o cold_a so_o that_o the_o stone-cake_n be_v find_v rich_a at_o the_o end_n than_o in_o the_o midst_n take_v all_o the_o piece_n that_o be_v cut_v out_o mingle_v they_o together_o and_o make_v a_o proof_n of_o it_o this_o be_v call_v young_a proof_n which_o you_o may_v grind_v very_o small_a and_o weigh_v of_o it_o a_o centner_n with_o thy_o assay-weight_n and_o assay_v such_o a_o stone_n as_o you_o have_v be_v teach_v above_o and_o as_o have_v be_v do_v with_o the_o harsh_a oar_n put_v present_o its_o due_a of_o lead_n to_o it_o and_o let_v it_o first_o roast_v off_o upon_o the_o same_o in_o the_o end_n give_v it_o good_a heat_n that_o the_o proof_n may_v be_v boil_a up_z but_o because_o this_o proof_n be_v of_o much_o concernment_n therefore_o take_v sixteen_o weight_n of_o lead_n that_o the_o trial_n may_v have_v enough_o because_o for_o a_o trial_n it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v the_o weight_n of_o lead_n too_o much_o than_o too_o little_a chap._n xv._n to_o try_v hard_a work_n and_o copper-laech_a upon_o silver_n section_n 1_o dry_v and_o fat_a hard_a work_n or_o copper_n laech_v some_o founder_n especial_o they_o of_o cuttenberg_n work_n do_v use_n for_o a_o addition_n to_o work_v the_o silvery_n oar_n into_o slack_v that_o such_o addition_n may_v be_v rich_a in_o copper_n and_o that_o fresh_a cake_n may_v be_v cast_v and_o the_o silver_n separate_v to_o which_o in_o comparison_n to_o common_a refine_v there_o belong_v a_o particular_a account_n and_o understanding_n for_o such_o dry_a and_o fat_a hard_a work_n must_v be_v try_v for_o silver_n like_v unto_o a_o leadish_n black_a copper_n which_o be_v almost_o one_o thing_n and_o of_o which_o there_o will_v soon_o follow_v direction_n chap._n xvi_o to_o assay_v melt_v speiz_v and_o what_o it_o be_v section_n 1_o the_o spiez_n oar_n be_v in_o many_o place_n especial_o in_o joakim_n valley_n and_o be_v find_v be_v out_o in_o melt_a the_o philosopher_n do_v think_v that_o it_o consist_v of_o arsenic_n and_o brimstone_n mingle_v with_o a_o subtle_a earth_n which_o do_v separate_v itself_o from_o the_o slack_v like_v unto_o the_o copper_n slack_a stone_n only_o in_o the_o spiez_n oar_n and_o the_o slack_a stone_n there_o be_v this_o difference_n for_o as_o the_o brimstone_n do_v surpass_v as_o abovesaid_a the_o arsenic_n so_o in_o the_o spiezy_a oar_n the_o arsenic_n surpass_v the_o brimstone_n therefore_o the_o speiz_v be_v white_a than_o the_o slackstone_n and_o do_v loose_a but_o little_a either_o in_o the_o strong_a or_o small_a fire_n nor_o by_o roast_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v overcome_v ☞_o by_o lead_n but_o be_v always_o find_v again_o and_o do_v loose_a but_o little_a only_o this_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v that_o when_o the_o speize_v be_v melt_v in_o the_o flintish-lead_a oar_n gentle_o and_o not_o section_n 2_o speize_v overheat_v and_o do_v then_o mingle_v with_o the_o slack_v of_o iron_n and_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o city_n of_o goslar_n do_v melt_v among_o the_o light_a dust_n so_o come_v the_o speiz_v to_o be_v lose_v and_o none_o of_o it_o be_v find_v again_o
☞_o there_o must_v in_o the_o copper_n assay_v in_o all_o trial_n the_o middle_a way_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o the_o true_a content_n will_v be_v find_v although_o young_a assayer_n do_v much_o esteem_v their_o own_o work_n and_o do_v slight_a knowledge_n of_o the_o fire_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a as_o the_o copper_n for_o silver_n by_o such_o mean_n be_v right_o assay_v so_o must_v it_o be_v do_v with_o all_o other_o copper_n trial_n and_o he_o that_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o such_o copper_n proof_n in_o the_o fire_n he_o will_v want_v nothing_o in_o other_o trial_n as_o have_v be_v say_v section_n 7_o assay_v thus_o when_o the_o grain_n of_o such_o two_o trial_n have_v twinkle_v fresh_a and_o clean_o then_o take_v the_o coppel_n out_o of_o the_o oven_n and_o take_v the_o grain_n off_o while_o the_o coppel_n be_v yet_o hot_a so_o they_o will_v part_v clean_o from_o the_o clear_a and_o the_o coppel_n which_o bring_v the_o yellow_a subtle_a littarge_fw-fr always_o with_o it_o provide_v it_o have_v have_v its_o due_a heat_n and_o cold_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o but_o if_o it_o have_v have_v too_o great_a heat_n then_o there_o will_v be_v no_o littarge_fw-fr and_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o trust_v to_o such_o trial_n but_o when_o the_o two_o assay_v grain_n in_o the_o draw_v up_o of_o the_o scale_n be_v of_o a_o like_a weight_n then_o be_v it_o a_o sign_n that_o the_o proof_n have_v be_v well_o make_v but_o if_o they_o differ_v although_o the_o trial_n have_v be_v diligent_o perform_v yet_o there_o be_v no_o certainty_n to_o ground_n upon_o it_o and_o it_o be_v better_a that_o such_o be_v make_v anew_o but_o forget_v not_o when_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o draw_v up_o the_o proof_n with_o thy_o weight_n to_o put_v it_o in_o the_o scale_n with_o thy_o weight_n lead_v grain_n of_o the_o assay_v lead_v and_o to_o beat_v it_o off_o from_o thy_o proof_n grain_n although_o it_o be_v very_o small_a section_n 8_o silver_n one_o may_v as_o well_o lay_v the_o weigh_v copper_n first_o upon_o the_o coppel_n and_o let_v it_o glow_v well_o and_o afterward_o the_o due_a weight_n of_o lead_n which_o be_v as_o well_o only_o the_o coppel_n must_v first_o be_v well_o warm_v otherwise_o the_o lead_n will_v leap_v upon_o it_o and_o the_o proof_n become_v false_a which_o can_v be_v by_o the_o former_a way_n because_o if_o the_o lead_n which_o be_v set_v first_o alone_o upon_o the_o coppel_n shall_v leap_v it_o may_v then_o quick_o be_v make_v still_o again_o if_o a_o live_v coal_n be_v lay_v a_o little_a while_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o afterward_o put_v the_o copper_n upon_o it_o so_o it_o will_v not_o hinder_v the_o trial_n section_n 9_o of_o further_n every_o assayer_n ought_v to_o know_v when_o the_o coppel_n be_v not_o make_v of_o good_a ash_n and_o well_o prepare_v for_o hereby_o they_o become_v tender_a and_o will_v rob_v the_o proof_n of_o some_o silver_n likewise_o when_o he_o do_v use_v a_o new_a assay-oven_n to_o which_o he_o be_v not_o use_v and_o do_v not_o know_v well_o the_o degree_n of_o fire_n in_o it_o so_o it_o be_v better_a that_o he_o may_v learn_v first_o to_o know_v well_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o coppel_n and_o oven_n that_o he_o may_v trust_v to_o it_o and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o follow_a manner_n take_v a_o copper_n ingot_n of_o which_o a_o centner_n contain_v about_o forty_o loath_a or_o twenty_o ounce_n of_o silver_n which_o in_o many_o trial_n have_v be_v find_v of_o a_o certain_a content_a and_o of_o this_o make_v one_o or_o two_o trial_n one_o after_o another_o as_o often_o as_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o change_v your_o instrument_n then_o if_o you_o find_v the_o first_o content_n you_o be_v certain_a of_o your_o instrument_n and_o there_o be_v no_o fault_n in_o they_o section_n 10_o concern_v the_o black-iron-streamy-slacky_a and_o raw_a copper_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v assay_v like_o the_o abovenamed_a good_a copper_n copper_n upon_o the_o coppel_n therefore_o when_o 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be_v teach_v before_o may_v not_o congeal_v too_o soon_o but_o appear_v pure_a and_o bright_a and_o hereby_o you_o will_v have_v the_o true_a content_n because_o such_o unclean_a copper_n when_o they_o be_v not_o boil_a up_o at_o first_o but_o enter_v raw_a upon_o the_o coppel_n into_o the_o lead_n than_o they_o do_v slack_a upon_o the_o coppel_n and_o fret_v on_o it_o and_o the_o proof_n must_v be_v hot_a so_o that_o the_o true_a content_n can_v be_v exact_o find_v out_o section_n 11_o coppel_n further_o also_o i_o can_v leave_v unmentioned_a that_o the_o coppel_n after_o the_o prove_v of_o copper_n do_v always_o come_v heavyer_n out_o of_o the_o fire_n than_o they_o be_v set_v in_o at_o first_o ☞_o which_o thing_n although_o it_o bring_v little_a profit_n to_o a_o refine_a to_o know_v yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wonder_v what_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o may_v be_v chap._n xviii_o to_o try_v bell-metal_n for_o silver_n section_n 1_o bell-metal_n of_o old_a broken-bell_n which_o be_v sometime_o rich_a in_o silver_n must_v be_v try_v metal_n like_o unto_o the_o black_a raw_a copper_n but_o because_o of_o the_o tin_n that_o be_v in_o it_o it_o must_v be_v boil_a up_o strong_a therefore_o there_o must_v be_v to_o such_o trial_n four_o part_n more_o of_o lead_n than_o to_o copper_n by_o which_o also_o the_o lead_n do_v loose_a more_o or_o weigh_v of_o such_o bell-metal_n only_o half_a a_o centner_n and_o allow_v to_o it_o so_o much_o lead_n as_o to_o a_o centner_n of_o copper_n so_o it_o will_v slack_v clean_a and_o there_o will_v remain_v enough_o of_o lead_n with_o it_o after_o it_o be_v boil_v up_o to_o drive_v off_o in_o the_o coppel_n chap._n xix_o how_o old_a silver-plate_n or_o coin_n be_v to_o be_v make_v into_o grain_n section_n 1_o profitable_a grain_v of_o silver_n be_v do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n when_o bad_a break_a or_o other_o forbid_a money_n coin_a in_o hand_n that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v all_o melt_v together_o and_o afterward_o to_o assay_v it_o 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divide_v the_o needle_n into_o two_o halfloth_n which_o be_v leave_v to_o every_o one_o freedom_n and_o there_o be_v enough_o in_o it_o where_o the_o touch_n may_v not_o be_v certain_o know_v by_o the_o loath_a now_o when_o thou_o do_v intend_v to_o use_v the_o needle_n then_o upon_o the_o silver_n which_o thou_o have_v make_v scrape_v a_o fine_a shine_a stroke_n and_o also_o make_v another_o stroke_n on_o the_o needle_n by_o it_o and_o see_v which_o stroke_n on_o the_o needle_n be_v most_o like_a the_o silver-stroke_n and_o so_o you_o will_v see_v by_o they_o how_o much_o the_o silver_n do_v contain_v and_o that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o touch-needle_n may_v be_v see_v this_o follow_a sculpture_n do_v represent_v sculpture_n viii_o decipher_v 1._o 2._o the_o touch-needle_n 3._o 4._o the_o ingot_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o touch-needle_n chap._n xxv_o how_o metal_n that_o be_v melt_v must_v be_v cut_v out_o and_o assay_v for_o silver_n section_n 1_o of_o wrought_v lead_v which_o 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cake_n you_o may_v cut_v out_o of_o each_o especial_o if_o the_o work_n be_v rich_a according_a to_o the_o bigness_n above_o and_o below_o to_o weigh_v some_o of_o all_o and_o to_o prove_v it_o section_n 2_o there_o be_v also_o some_o work_n which_o be_v very_o missy_a work_n and_o speizy_n and_o very_o unclean_a like_o kobolt_n and_o course_n wismet_fw-la and_o other_o speizy_n oar_n which_o be_v melt_v and_o some_o among_o the_o rest_n be_v so_o very_o unclean_a that_o when_o the_o cake_n do_v lie_v a_o few_o day_n they_o do_v fall_v asunder_o such_o stubborn_a and_o unclean_a oar_n in_o general_a can_v be_v assay_v like_o unto_o the_o good_a but_o when_o such_o work_n have_v be_v weigh_v then_o cut_v or_o beat_v out_o of_o every_o cake_n a_o piece_n and_o weigh_v it_o so_o unclean_a as_o it_o be_v viz._n of_o every_o cut_n and_o assay_v as_o follow_v take_v of_o the_o work_n as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v in_o weight_n put_v it_o on_o the_o test_n in_o the_o assay-oven_n cause_v it_o to_o slack_v that_o the_o fury_n and_o wildness_n may_v be_v consume_v let_v it_o cool_v and_o knock_v it_o off_o and_o cause_v it_o to_o go_v clear_o off_o from_o the_o coppel_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o slack_v at_o first_o but_o set_v raw_a upon_o the_o coppel_n than_o it_o will_v work_v upon_o the_o coppel_n and_o will_v not_o go_v clean_o off_o as_o be_v show_v some_o assayer_n do_v use_v to_o take_v the_o content_a of_o such_o unclean_a assayer_n work_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o go_v together_o in_o a_o great_a assay-test_n or_o iron-kiln_a and_o cast_v it_o forth_o and_o then_o weigh_v of_o it_o for_o a_o trial_n which_o be_v not_o right_a although_o they_o do_v think_v they_o shall_v obtain_v the_o true_a content_n because_o by_o this_o run_v together_o the_o content_n come_v fine_a and_o the_o proof_n be_v make_v rich_a therefore_o the_o abovesaid_a way_n be_v much_o better_o by_o which_o the_o true_a content_n be_v find_v section_n 4_o but_o when_o a_o unclean_a work_n be_v 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may_v be_v weigh_v and_o try_v so_o will_v you_o find_v the_o fine_a silver_n very_o near_o yet_o not_o altogether_o full_o because_o the_o unclean_a that_o be_v at_o first_o in_o the_o work_n and_o have_v be_v weigh_v with_o it_o before_o the_o hearth_n proof_n be_v take_v off_o the_o work_n when_o it_o be_v in_o drive_v be_v dissolve_v and_o take_v off_o as_o also_o sometime_o the_o proof_n be_v take_v off_o too_o hot_a and_o sometime_o too_o cold_a by_o this_o may_v every_o assayer_n understand_v the_o content_n and_o which_o although_o as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o comparison_n of_o the_o silver_n that_o be_v bring_v forth_o be_v not_o much_o out_o of_o the_o way_n chap._n xxvi_o how_o tin_n be_v to_o be_v assay_v for_o silver_n section_n 1_o tin_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o metal_n do_v enter_v most_o free_o into_o lead_n but_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o fire_n will_v not_o permit_v it_o to_o remain_v therewith_o because_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o come_v great_a heat_n to_o it_o then_o do_v it_o go_v again_o and_o rise_v upon_o the_o lead_n and_o become_v altogether_o together_o stubborn_a so_o that_o with_o no_o force_n of_o fire_n beside_o other_o help_n can_v it_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o true_a vpboyling_a upon_o the_o test_n because_o the_o tin_n do_v oft_o time_n contain_v much_o silver_n and_o the_o trial_n of_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a therefore_o be_v i_o the_o more_o willing_a to_o instruct_v young_a assayer_n of_o the_o trial_n of_o it_o which_o be_v do_v thus_o weigh_v two_o equal_a half_a centner_n of_o the_o tin_n and_o to_o each_o half_a centner_n a_o centner_n of_o good_a sound_a copper_n and_o sixteen_o quantity_n of_o pure_a lead_n put_v each_o half_a centner_n with_o its_o copper_n and_o lead_n upon_o a_o test_n each_o by_o themselves_o begin_v first_o with_o a_o slow_a heat_n and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o drive_v upon_o the_o test_n it_o will_v begin_v to_o rise_v then_o let_v it_o go_v very_o cool_a and_o take_v two_o centner_n off_o the_o abovesaid_a lead-glass_n put_v it_o also_o to_o it_o upon_o the_o test_n and_o the_o lead-glass_n will_v cover_v it_o all_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o tin_n to_o rise_v so_o much_o and_o when_o you_o have_v let_v it_o go_v cool_a so_o long_o till_o the_o rise_v tin_n upon_o the_o test_n do_v no_o more_o look_v bright_a but_o black_a and_o dark_a then_o give_v it_o again_o as_o much_o heat_n as_o you_o can_v and_o boil_v it_o up_o as_o you_o do_v a_o unflow_a harsh_a oar_n and_o when_o it_o have_v slack_v well_o then_o stir_v it_o with_o a_o hot_a iron-hook_n let_v it_o stand_v a_o while_n long_o until_o it_o be_v boil_v up_o very_o clean_a then_o take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o oven_n suffer_v it_o to_o cool_v beat_v the_o slack_v off_o from_o the_o work_n or_o lead_v and_o let_v it_o go_v off_o upon_o a_o coppel_n if_o then_o the_o tin_n do_v hold_v silver_n there_o will_v remain_v a_o grain_n upon_o the_o coppel_n draw_v it_o up_o and_o you_o will_v find_v the_o content_n section_n 2_o trial_n to_o such_o a_o proof_n must_v you_o make_v a_o lead-grain_n on_o purpose_n thus_o take_v a_o centner_n of_o the_o copper_n of_o which_o you_o do_v add_v to_o the_o proof_n cause_v it_o diligent_o to_o go_v off_o upon_o the_o coppel_v with_o the_o lead_n quantity_n and_o keep_v the_o grain_n of_o silver_n that_o come_v from_o it_o which_o in_o the_o draw_v up_o of_o the_o proof_n grain_n all_o time_n to_o the_o weight_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v and_o abate_v else_o one_o can_v be_v certain_a of_o the_o content_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n in_o tin_n the_o right_a content_n
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the_o other_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v find_v a_o error_n then_o mend_v it_o also_o so_o there_o will_v be_v small_a difference_n and_o the_o centner_n will_v remain_v in_o the_o desire_a weight_n section_n 3_o but_o that_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a whether_o the_o proof-weight_n be_v right_a and_o just_a set_v they_o aside_o and_o make_v one_o proof-weight_n right_o more_o as_o heavy_a as_o this_o than_o put_v the_o make_v weight_n which_o pertain_v to_o a_o proof-weight_n altogether_o in_o a_o quick_a proof-ballance_n and_o weigh_v they_o one_o against_o the_o other_o and_o if_o they_o stand_v even_o together_o than_o you_o have_v make_v they_o right_n if_o not_o and_o that_o thou_o find_v they_o not_o alike_o then_o look_v where_o the_o error_n be_v and_o mend_v it_o for_o whoever_o will_v be_v sure_a of_o his_o weight_n must_v not_o think_v much_o of_o this_o labour_n section_n 4_o last_o number_n and_o mark_v every_o piece_n of_o the_o proof-weight_n with_o a_o small_a iron_n or_o steel_n punch_n how_o much_o each_o piece_n do_v weigh_v by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v know_v but_o the_o mark_a must_v be_v do_v after_o its_o make_v smooth_a on_o a_o whetstone_n whereby_o the_o shivers_n which_o it_o have_v from_o the_o stamp_n may_v be_v make_v smooth_a again_o and_o lay_v they_o into_o a_o little_a clean_a box_n make_v on_o purpose_n of_o wood_n the_o form_n of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a sculpture_n in_o which_o there_o must_v be_v as_o many_o little_a round_a or_o square_a holes_n as_o there_o be_v weight_n than_o shut_v the_o side_n that_o it_o may_v be_v keep_v from_o dust_n and_o that_o the_o weight_n may_v remain_v clean_a and_o pure_a the_o sculpture_n be_v thus_o decipher_v 1._o the_o little_a case_n for_o weight_n open_v 2._o the_o same_o case_n shut_v sculpture_n xiii_o section_n 5_o thus_o much_o i_o be_v willing_a to_o signify_v and_o write_v concern_v the_o prove_v of_o silver_n oar_n and_o what_o appertain_v to_o they_o and_o though_o it_o have_v seem_v needful_a to_o instruct_v how_o such_o and_o every_o particular_a oar_n according_a to_o their_o nature_n and_o property_n shall_v be_v melt_v and_o make_v to_o more_o advantage_n in_o the_o great_a fire_n of_o furnace_n and_o smelting_a work_n yet_o because_o in_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v only_o purpose_v to_o write_v of_o proof_n in_o small_a fire_n and_o lesser_a oven_n and_o because_o these_o now_o mention_v work_n be_v almost_o common_a in_o the_o smelting_a and_o great_a mine-work_n therefore_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o let_v it_o rest_v here_o yet_o some_o great_a work_n and_o melt_n i_o have_v mention_v in_o this_o and_o other_o follow_v book_n because_o thy_o be_v not_o so_o common_a and_o mere_o for_o the_o instruction_n of_o other_o assayer_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o golden_a oar_n book_n ii_o cap._n ay_o chap._n i._n section_n 1_o this_o second_o book_n describe_v how_o gold_n oar_n be_v to_o be_v know_v and_o how_o to_o roast_n boil_v and_o prove_v they_o also_o of_o wash_v purify_n and_o quicken_a the_o gold_n wash-work_n and_o further_o how_o touch-needle_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o to_o divide_v the_o gold-weight_n also_o to_o distil_v aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o to_o rectify_v it_o also_o how_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v to_o be_v part_v by_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o by_o fusion_n and_o to_o make_v the_o gold_n deft_a to_o cement_v it_o and_o give_v it_o a_o high_a colour_n and_o how_o it_o must_v be_v cast_v through_o antimony_n and_o be_v bring_v to_o its_o height_n with_o the_o oven_n glass_n and_o instrument_n which_o be_v use_v to_o all_o these_o section_n 2_o oar_n the_o knowledge_n of_o silver-oar_n have_v be_v now_o treat_v of_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o gold_n oar_n although_o they_o be_v not_o find_v in_o so_o many_o kind_n and_o colors_z which_o must_v after_o their_o external_a modes_n be_v know_v also_o together_o with_o their_o prove_v and_o order_v of_o they_o but_o they_o have_v this_o condition_n attend_v they_o as_o experience_n have_v teach_v i_o that_o no_o oar_n have_v gold_n only_o of_o it_o gold_n self_n without_o other_o incorporate_a metal_n unless_o it_o be_v apparent_a cap._n i_o and_o see_v how_o small_a soever_o it_o be_v intermix_v with_o section_n they_o and_o the_o same_o gold_n which_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v find_v in_o these_o oar_n be_v not_o whole_o pure_a and_o clean_a but_o common_o silvery_n although_o one_o more_o than_o the_o other_o section_n 4_o oar._n now_o the_o fair_a gold_n that_o be_v find_v thus_o intermix_v or_o common_o stand_v in_o a_o whitish_a flint_n and_o sometime_o in_o a_o blue_a and_o yellow_a horn-stone_n and_o also_o in_o a_o blue_n shiffer_v streamy_a and_o yellow_a iron_n but_o very_o small_a and_o flame_a with_o gold_n and_o this_o be_v find_v in_o the_o mine_n at_o knein_a two_o mile_n from_o the_o eal_n in_o bohemia_n towards_o the_o west_n where_o there_o be_v also_o find_v a_o grenish_a silvery_n flint_n in_o a_o firm_a quarry_n and_o when_o this_o be_v ground_n and_o wash_v than_o a_o fair_a and_o high_a duke_n gold_n come_v out_o of_o it_o which_o otherwise_o be_v not_o see_v in_o the_o flint_n at_o the_o present_a i_o know_v no_o place_n in_o germany_n where_o out_o of_o any_o oar_n any_o high_a gold_n can_v be_v make_v section_n 5_o further_n all_o goldish_a oar_n which_o be_v common_o sandy_a oar_n have_v good_a duke_n gold_n yet_o not_o all_o alike_o some_o be_v gross_a and_o in_o grain_n other_o be_v flame_v and_o light_a gold_n and_o there_o be_v almost_o in_o all_o such_o work_v a_o heavy_a she_o temper_n or_o wolfram_v wash_v especial_o in_o tin_n and_o iron_n stone_n which_o with_o the_o gold_n have_v be_v drive_v far_o by_o the_o deluge_n and_o it_o be_v both_o wonderful_a and_o neat_a and_o the_o work_n and_o colour_n section_n 6_o they_o and_o difference_n may_v easy_o be_v discern_v of_o these_o sort_n and_o the_o river_n and_o channel_n which_o do_v flow_v over_o such_o work_n be_v so_o seed_v with_o it_o that_o duke_n gold_n in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v in_o they_o not_o only_o in_o remote_a kingdom_n and_o country_n but_o also_o with_o we_o in_o germany_n it_o be_v bring_v to_o profit_n yet_o in_o germany_n for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v poor_a and_o can_v bear_v the_o charge_n of_o wash_v section_n 7_o but_o some_o old_a writer_n say_v that_o out_o of_o the_o river_n nile_n nile_n in_o egypt_n which_o do_v flow_v into_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n in_o which_o all_o sand_n be_v bring_v together_o other_o river_n and_o channel_n have_v also_o be_v seed_v with_o duke_n gold_n but_o to_o this_o i_o can_v consent_v for_o this_o reason_n because_o this_o river_n be_v very_o great_a and_o go_v cap._n i_o through_o that_o part_n of_o ethiopia_n which_o be_v call_v india_n in_o which_o also_o be_v find_v much_o gold_n and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o other_o river_n and_o do_v flow_v the_o 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