Selected quad for the lemma: father_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
father_n	writing_n	year_n	young_a	32	3	6.0300	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17946	The historie of Cambria, now called Wales: a part of the most famous yland of Brytaine, written in the Brytish language aboue two hundreth yeares past: translated into English by H. Lhoyd Gentleman: corrected, augmented, and continued out of records and best approoued authors, by Dauid Powel Doctor in diuinitie	Caradoc, of Llancarvan, d. 1147?; Powell, David, 1552?-1598.; Llwyd, Humphrey, 1527-1568.; Price, John, Sir, 1502?-1555.	1584 (1584)	STC 4606; ESTC S121940	250,742	447

most_o common_o as_o in_o gwynedh_n which_o some_o old_a writer_n call_v venedotia_n for_o gwynethia_n aberffraw_n in_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n aberfraw_n in_o deheubarth_n call_v in_o latin_a demetia_n caermardhyn_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v afterward_o remoove_v to_o dinevowr_n dinevowr_n eight_o mile_n thence_o in_o powy_n pengwern_n call_v y_o mwythic_a and_o in_o english_a sherewsburie_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v remoove_v to_o mathraval_a in_o powy_n land_n mathraval_n and_o because_o this_o history_n do_v as_o well_o entreat_v of_o war_n betwixt_o these_o three_o province_n as_o betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o saxon_n normanes_n and_o fleming_n i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o set_v forth_o the_o particular_a description_n of_o every_o part_n by_o itself_o and_o first_o of_o north-wales_n as_o the_o chief_a part_n which_o he_o give_v his_o elder_a son_n ordain_v that_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o shall_v pay_v he_o yearly_a 200._o pound_n of_o tribute_n north-wales_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o welsh_a and_o also_o in_o latin_a therefore_o gwyneth_n call_v north-wales_n have_v upon_o the_o northside_n the_o sea_n from_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi at_o basingwerke_n to_o aberdyvi_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o south_n west_n the_o river_n dyvi_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o southwales_n and_o in_o some_o place_n from_o powy_n land_n and_o on_o the_o south_n and_o east_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o powy_n sometime_o with_o mountain_n and_o sometime_o with_o river_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi again_o this_o land_n be_v of_o old_a time_n divide_v to_o four_o part_n of_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v môn_v môn_n in_o english_a call_v anglesey_n where_o the_o prince_n chief_a house_n be_v at_o aberfraw_n which_o be_v a_o island_n separate_v from_o the_o main_a land_n with_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v maenai_n &_o have_v in_o itself_o three_o cantred_n or_o hundred_o which_o be_v subdivide_v to_o six_o comot_n as_o cantref_o aberfraw_n to_o comot_a lhion_n and_o comot_n malhtraeth_n cantref_n cemais_n to_o the_o comot_n talebolion_n and_o twr_n celyn_n cantref_o rossyr_n to_o the_o comot_n tindaethwy_a and_o maenai_n and_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o trim_a town_n in_o that_o will_v call_v beumarish_n and_o a_o common_a passage_n to_o ireland_n at_o caergybi_n call_v in_o english_a holyhead_n but_o here_o i_o can_v wink_v at_o that_o notable_a error_n of_o polydore_n which_o after_o his_o accustom_a fashion_n deni_v this_o isle_n to_o be_v call_v môna_n but_o anglesia_fw-la or_o anglorum_fw-la insula_fw-la because_o it_o be_v call_v in_o english_a anglesey_n and_o give_v this_o name_n môna_n to_o man_n and_o so_o have_v lose_v the_o name_n of_o both_o isle_n which_o ignorance_n and_o forgetfulness_n may_v be_v forgive_v he_o if_o he_o have_v not_o draw_v a_o great_a number_n to_o this_o error_n with_o he_o which_o in_o their_o charter_n do_v daily_o wrong_a name_n these_o isle_n which_o may_v be_v easy_o prove_v first_o because_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o will_v do_v know_v none_o other_o name_n but_o môn_n and_o it_o be_v call_v through_o all_o wales_n tîr_v môn_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o land_n of_o môn_n unto_o this_o day_n so_o that_o neither_o by_o memory_n of_o man_n neither_o by_o any_o monument_n in_o write_v in_o the_o british_a ●●ong_n can_v it_o appear_v that_o ever_o it_o have_v any_o other_o name_n but_o môn_n yet_o there_o be_v manifest_a monument_n for_o these_o 1000_o year_n it_o be_v also_o grow_v to_o a_o proverb_n through_o wales_n for_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o ground_n môn_a mam_n gymry_n that_o be_v to_o say_v môn_a mother_n of_o wales_n the_o ancient_a history_n of_o cornelius_n tacitus_n which_o belike_o age_n have_v beat_v out_o of_o polydors_n head_n say_v that_o the_o soldier_n of_o paulinus_n suetonius_n and_o afterward_o of_o julius_n agricola_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v through_o north-wales_n then_o come_v over_o against_o môna_n where_o they_o do_v swim_v over_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o 200._o pase_n and_o so_o by_o force_n win_v the_o isle_n now_o whether_o be_v it_o more_o reasonable_a thus_o to_o swim_v over_o 200._o pase_n or_o 20._o mile_n i_o know_v there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o believe_v polydore_n in_o this_o point_n let_v all_o man_n therefore_o by_o this_o judge_n the_o rest_n as_o for_o that_o which_o he_o say_v of_o the_o great_a wood_n it_o be_v nothing_o for_o both_o the_o roman_n and_o after_o when_o the_o christian_a faith_n take_v place_n in_o this_o realm_n the_o christian_n do_v fall_v and_o root_v they_o out_o for_o the_o idolatry_n and_o absurd_a religion_n which_o be_v use_v there_o that_o the_o king_n of_o man_n send_v for_o timber_n to_o môn_n read_v the_o life_n of_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n which_o also_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o great_a beech_n and_o other_o tree_n find_v in_o the_o earth_n at_o these_o day_n his_o other_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v call_v anglesey_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n so_o be_v lhoyger_n england_n and_o cambry_a wales_n be_v those_o therefore_o the_o old_a name_n no_o sure_o and_o what_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v it_o so_o as_o they_o do_v not_o have_v it_o not_o a_o name_n before_o the_o angles_n win_v it_o yes_o i_o warrant_v you_o but_o he_o have_v forget_v that_o now_o to_o the_o name_n of_o man_n it_o be_v ever_o or_o at_o the_o least_o these_o 1000_o year_n name_v in_o british_a manaw_n of_o which_o come_v the_o english_a name_n man._n the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o call_v it_o so_o and_o no_o nation_n about_o it_o do_v ever_o call_v it_o môn_o no_o nor_o any_o writer_n but_o polydore_n which_o be_v too_o young_a a_o godfather_n to_o name_n so_o old_a a_o child_n for_o gildas_n who_o write_v above_o 900._o year_n pass_v who_o writing_n polydor_z never_o see_v but_o untrulie_o father_n upon_o he_o his_o own_o devise_n giraldus_n in_o his_o description_n of_o ireland_n to_o henry_n the_o second_o &_o henry_n huntingdon_n do_v plain_o call_v man_n in_o latin_a eubonia_fw-la add_v thereto_o either_o manaw_v or_o man_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o name_n will_v you_o believe_v they_o or_o polydore_n other_o argument_n there_o be_v which_o i_o will_v pass_v over_o till_o i_o have_v more_o leisure_n and_o occasion_n to_o write_v of_o this_o matter_n aruon_n the_o second_o part_n of_o north-wales_n be_v call_v aruon_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o over_o against_o môn_n and_o have_v in_o it_o four_o cantred_n and_o ten_o comot_n cantref_o aber_n have_v in_o it_o three_o comot_n y_fw-fr lhechwedh_fw-mi uchaf_fw-mi y_fw-fr lechwedhisaf_n and_o nanconwy_n cantref_o aruon_n have_v two_o comot_n ywch_v gwyruai_n &_o isgwyruai_n cantref_o dunodic_n have_v two_o comot_n ardudwy_n and_o euionyth_n cantref_o lhyyn_n contain_v three_o comot_n cymytmayn_n tinlhayn_n and_o canologion_n this_o be_v now_o call_v carnaruonshire_n as_o môn_n be_v call_v anglesey_n shire_n and_o have_v the_o same_o division_n at_o this_o day_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v snowdon_n hill_n call_v eryri_n neither_o in_o height_n fertility_n of_o the_o ground_n wood_n cattle_n fish_n and_o foul_a give_v place_n to_o the_o famous_a alps_n and_o without_o controversy_n the_o strong_a country_n within_o britain_n here_o be_v the_o town_n of_o caernarnon_n call_v in_o the_o old_a time_n caer_n segonce_n and_o there_o also_o be_v conwey_n call_v caergyffyn_n and_o the_o see_v of_o bangor_n with_o diverse_a other_o ancient_a castle_n and_o place_n of_o memory_n and_o be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o wales_n that_o come_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n and_o maenai_n upon_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n the_o river_n conwey_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o denbighshire_n although_o it_o now_o pass_v the_o river_n in_o one_o place_n by_o the_o sea_n shore_n and_o on_o the_o south-west_n and_o west_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o merionyth_n by_o high_a mountain_n and_o river_n and_o other_o mere_n the_o three_o part_n of_o gwyneth_n be_v merionyth_n contain_v three_o cantred_n merionyth_n and_o every_o cantre_v three_o comot_n as_o cantref_o meyreon_n have_v three_o comot_n talybont_n pennal_n and_o ystumane_a cantref_o arust_o have_v these_o vwchcoed_n iscoed_n and_o gwarthrenion_n cantref_o penlhyn_n have_v these_o vwchmeloch_n ismeloch_n and_o micnaint_n and_o this_o keep_v the_o say_a name_n till_o this_o day_n but_o not_o within_o the_o same_o mere_n and_o be_v full_a of_o hill_n and_o rock_n and_o have_v upon_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n notable_a at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o great_a resort_n and_o number_n of_o people_n that_o repair_n thither_o to_o take_v herring_n it_o have_v upon_o the_o east_n aruon_n and_o denbighland_n upon_o the_o

that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o will_v of_o apple_n without_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastenburie_n fifteen_o foot_n within_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o hollow_a elder_a tree_n and_o over_o the_o bone_n be_v a_o stone_n and_o a_o cross_n of_o lead_n time_n with_o a_o write_v turn_v towards_o the_o stone_n wherein_o be_v engrave_v these_o word_n híc_fw-la iacet_fw-la sepultus_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la artburus_fw-la in_o insula_fw-la aualonia_n the_o bone_n be_v of_o marvellous_a bigness_n and_o in_o the_o scull_n be_v ten_o wound_n of_o which_o one_o be_v great_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v his_o death_n wound_n the_o queen_n hair_n be_v to_o the_o sight_n fair_a and_o yellow_a but_o assoon_o as_o it_o be_v touch_v it_o fall_v to_o ash_n this_o grave_n be_v find_v by_o mean_n of_o a_o bardh_n or_o poet_n who_o the_o king_n hear_v at_o pembroke_n declare_v in_o a_o song_n the_o worthy_a act_n of_o that_o noble_a prince_n and_o the_o place_n of_o his_o burial_n lhoyd_n therefore_o let_v william_n paruus_fw-la and_o polydore_fw-la virgil_n with_o their_o complice_n stop_v their_o lie_v mouth_n and_o desist_v to_o obscure_v and_o darken_v the_o glister_a fame_n &_o noble_a renoun_n of_o so_o invincible_a and_o victorious_a a_o prince_n with_o the_o envious_a detraction_n and_o malicious_a slander_n of_o their_o reproachful_a and_o venomous_a tongue_n think_v that_o they_o may_v cover_v with_o the_o cloud_n of_o oblivion_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o pit_n of_o darkness_n those_o noble_a act_n and_o princely_a deed_n by_o their_o wilful_a ignorance_n and_o dogged_a envy_n whereof_o the_o trumpet_n of_o fame_n have_v sound_v not_o only_o in_o britain_n but_o also_o through_o out_o all_o europe_n but_o remit_v the_o discover_n and_o blaze_v of_o their_o canker_a mind_n towards_o the_o honour_n and_o fame_n of_o the_o briton_n to_o such_o as_o can_v better_o paint_v they_o in_o their_o colour_n i_o will_v return_v to_o my_o matter_n king_n henry_n the_o elder_a forsake_v his_o wife_n for_o certain_a consideration_n and_o keep_v she_o in_o prison_n many_o year_n 456_o and_o about_o this_o time_n ranulph_n de_fw-fr poer_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o gentleman_n be_v slay_v by_o certain_a young_a man_n of_o gwent_n land_n in_o revenge_n of_o their_o lord_n death_n cam._n this_o ranulph_n de_fw-fr poer_n be_v sheriff_n of_o glocestershire_n or_o as_o giraldus_n note_v of_o herefordshire_n who_o death_n the_o same_o author_n seem_v to_o impute_v unto_o himself_o for_o his_o cruel_a and_o unreasonable_a deal_n against_o the_o welshman_n 460._o but_o the_o king_n take_v the_o same_o very_o gréevouslie_o who_o be_v sore_o incense_v against_o they_o assemble_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o come_v with_o the_o same_o unto_o worcester_n mean_v to_o invade_v the_o enemy_n country_n but_o the_o lord_n rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi fear_v the_o king_n puissance_n thus_o bend_v against_o he_o and_o his_o countryman_n come_v by_o safe_a conduct_n unto_o worcester_n where_o submit_v himself_o he_o swear_v fealty_n to_o the_o king_n and_o become_v his_o liegeman_n promise_v to_o bring_v his_o son_n and_o nephew_n unto_o he_o for_o pledge_n but_o when_o according_a to_o his_o promise_n he_o will_v have_v bring_v they_o they_o remember_v how_o the_o other_o pledge_n before_o be_v use_v refuse_v to_o go_v with_o he_o and_o so_o the_o matter_n rest_v for_o that_o time_n 1183_o and_o the_o year_n 1183._o henry_n duke_n of_o saxony_n be_v banish_v his_o country_n come_v to_o king_n henry_n his_o father_n in_o law_n to_o normandy_n 189._o also_o this_o year_n henry_n the_o young_a king_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o roan_n 1184_o the_o year_n ensue_v the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n come_v into_o england_n and_o his_o wife_n be_v bring_v to_o bed_n of_o a_o son_n which_o be_v name_v william_n about_o this_o time_n william_n de_fw-fr mandevile_n earl_n of_o essex_n go_v to_o flanders_n with_o a_o army_n to_o succour_v the_o earl_n against_o the_o earl_n of_o henald_n or_o henagow_n short_o after_o 462._o john_n the_o king_n young_a son_n be_v dub_v knight_n and_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o ireland_n at_o which_o time_n hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n lord_n of_o meth_n be_v slay_v by_o a_o sick-man_n then_o john_n return_v home_o from_o ireland_n at_o christmas_n next_o follow_v also_o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi lord_n of_o arust_o die_v &_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n and_o the_o year_n 1186._o 1186_o die_v geffrey_n duke_n of_o britain_n the_o king_n three_o son_n 192._o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o daughter_n and_o his_o wife_n great_a with_o child_n of_o a_o son_n which_o afterward_o be_v name_v arthur_n 192._o at_o this_o time_n maud_n the_o empress_n die_v which_o be_v daughter_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o wife_n to_o henry_n the_o four_o emperor_n of_o almain_n than_o to_o geffrey_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o anjou_n and_o mother_n to_o the_o most_o noble_a king_n henry_n the_o second_o upon_o who_o tomb_n this_o epitaph_n be_v write_v ortu_fw-la magna_fw-la viro_fw-la maior_fw-la sed_fw-la maxima_fw-la partu_fw-la hîc_fw-la iacet_fw-la henricifilia_fw-la sponsa_fw-la parens_fw-la also_o this_o time_n cadwallader_n son_n to_o the_o lord_n rees_n be_v slay_v privily_o in_o westwales_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o tuy_n gwynn_n the_o next_o year_n owen_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o carrecgona_n hard_o by_o oswaldstree_n in_o the_o night_n time_n by_o gwenwynwyn_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o short_o after_o lhewelyn_n son_n to_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n who_o be_v murder_v by_o the_o englishman_n be_v take_v by_o his_o own_o brethren_n and_o have_v his_o eye_n put_v out_o 1187_o about_o the_o year_n 1187._o baldwine_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n have_v in_o his_o company_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la archdeacon_n of_o brechnock_n 24._o visit_v wales_n be_v the_o first_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n that_o ever_o visit_v that_o country_n who_o the_o clergy_n of_o wales_n begin_v to_o resist_v cam._n allege_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o their_o metropolitical_a church_n of_o s._n david_n but_o they_o prevail_v not_o in_o this_o visitation_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o write_v by_o the_o say_v giraldus_n in_o his_o book_n which_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o itinerarium_fw-la cambriae_fw-la he_o procure_v and_o exhort_v as_o many_o as_o ever_o he_o can_v to_o take_v the_o cross_n and_o to_o vow_v the_o voyage_n against_o the_o saracen_n whereunto_o he_o persuade_v many_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o wales_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o say_v giraldus_n also_o this_o year_n maelgon_n son_n to_o the_o lord_n rees_n bring_v his_o power_n against_o tenbye_n 1188_o and_o by_o plain_a force_n win_v the_o town_n and_o spoil_v the_o same_o burn_v it_o to_o ash_n this_o lord_n be_v fair_a and_o comely_a of_o person_n honest_a and_o just_a of_o condition_n belove_v of_o his_o friend_n and_o fear_v of_o his_o foe_n against_o who_o especial_o the_o flemings_n he_o achieve_v diverse_a victory_n in_o the_o year_n 1189._o 1189_o henry_n the_o second_o surname_v curtmantel_n king_n of_o all_o britain_n duke_n of_o gascon_a gwyen_n and_o normandy_n pass_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a life_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o fonteverard_n &_o after_o he_o richard_n his_o son_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o place_n who_o receive_v homage_n of_o william_n king_n of_o scot_n 63._o and_o deliver_v he_o again_o the_o castle_n of_o maiden_n or_o edinburgh_n roksburgh_n and_o berwicke_n which_o king_n henry_n have_v long_o keep_v also_o this_o year_n the_o lord_n rees_n gather_v all_o his_o strength_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o seynclere_n abercorran_n and_o lhanstephan_n and_o bring_v all_o the_o whole_a country_n to_o his_o subjection_n take_v maelgon_v his_o son_n in_o who_o remain_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o southwales_n who_o he_o keep_v in_o prison_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v rees_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o cydwely_n and_o gwenlhian_n his_o daughter_n die_v the_o fair_a and_o goodly_a woman_n in_o all_o wales_n 208._o about_o this_o time_n king_n richard_n make_v the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n for_o a_o 1000_o pound_n and_o afterward_o he_o say_v in_o jest_n that_o he_o have_v make_v a_o young_a earl_n of_o a_o old_a bishop_n short_o after_o king_n richard_n take_v his_o journey_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n to_o make_v against_o the_o enemy_n of_o christ_n faith_n 65._o then_o the_o bishop_n of_o elie_n the_o king_n chanceler_n and_o vicegerent_n make_v a_o great_a ditch_n about_o the_o town_n of_o london_n at_o this_o time_n gruffyth_v maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n a_o noble_a man_n and_o a_o wise_a and_o one_o that_o in_o liberality_n pass_v all_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_a man_n of_o his_o time_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o myvot_fw-la he_o

his_o journey_n to_o meet_v with_o haroald_n he_o be_v cruel_o and_o traitorouslie_o slay_v by_o his_o own_o man_n and_o his_o head_n bring_v to_o haroald_n who_o appoint_v and_o place_v meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n prince_n and_o ruler_n in_o southwales_n and_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n tosty_o return_v home_n 427._o some_o do_v report_n that_o haroald_n about_o the_o rogation_n week_n by_o the_o king_n commandment_n go_v against_o the_o welshman_n and_o take_v the_o sea_n sail_v by_o bristol_n round_o about_o the_o coast_n compass_v in_o manner_n all_o wales_n his_o brother_n tosty_o that_o be_v earl_n of_o northumberland_n meet_v he_o by_o appointment_n with_o a_o host_n of_o horseman_n and_o so_o join_v together_o they_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o southwales_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o welshman_n be_v compel_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o deliver_v hostage_n and_o condition_v to_o pay_v the_o ancient_a tribute_n which_o before_o time_n they_o have_v pay_v the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n because_o gruffyth_v their_o prince_n flee_v at_o the_o come_n of_o haroald_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o be_v a_o prey_n for_o the_o enemy_n hate_v he_o fore_o who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o return_v to_o they_o again_o they_o slay_v and_o send_v his_o head_n to_o haroald_n which_o he_o send_v to_o the_o king_n after_o who_o death_n king_n edward_n grant_v the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n to_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n brethren_n to_o gruffyth_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n who_o do_v homage_n unto_o he_o for_o the_o same_o this_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n govern_v wales_n 34._o year_n valiant_o and_o worthy_o he_o never_o fight_v but_o he_o bear_v away_o the_o victory_n he_o be_v gentle_a to_o his_o subject_n and_o cruel_a to_o his_o foe_n loove_v of_o the_o one_o and_o fear_v of_o the_o other_o liberal_a to_o stranger_n costly_a in_o apparel_n and_o princely_a in_o all_o his_o do_n and_o unworthy_a of_o that_o cruel_a death_n that_o the_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o rule_n do_v provoke_v his_o unkind_a subject_n and_o unnatural_a coosen_v to_o prepare_v for_o so_o noble_a a_o prince_n and_o so_o gentle_a a_o master_n as_o he_o be_v blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n the_o son_n for_n convyn_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o king_n or_o prince_n gruffyth_n meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n which_o edwin_n as_o some_o writer_n say_v be_v the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n do_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n and_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n and_o half_a brethren_n to_o king_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n as_o they_o which_o be_v bear_v of_o angharat_n daughter_n to_o meredyth_n king_n of_o wales_n do_v govern_v north-wales_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n be_v all_o this_o time_n with_o his_o father_n in_o law_n in_o ireland_n about_o this_o time_n it_o fortune_v that_o as_o haroald_v serve_v the_o king_n with_o drink_n at_o windsor_n his_o brother_n tofty_a move_v with_o envy_n that_o his_o young_a brother_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o west_n pull_v he_o by_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o head_n and_o overthrewe_v he_o then_o depart_v thence_o full_a of_o rancour_n and_o malice_n to_o hereford_n where_o haroald_n have_v prepare_v great_a cheer_n for_o the_o king_n he_o slay_v all_o haroald_n servant_n and_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n arm_n leg_n nose_n foot_n and_o hand_n and_o fill_v all_o the_o vessel_n of_o wine_n meath_n beer_n and_o ale_n therewith_o and_o send_v the_o king_n word_n that_o he_o shall_v want_v no_o powder_a and_o souse_v meat_n when_o he_o come_v thither_o as_o for_o other_o thing_n let_v he_o make_v provision_n himself_o for_o which_o heinous_a offence_n the_o king_n banish_v he_o the_o land_n for_o ever_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rytherch_n be_v the_o first_o that_o procure_v haroald_n for_o to_o come_v to_o wales_n against_o gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n hope_v by_o he_o to_o attain_v unto_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n but_o it_o fall_v out_o otherwise_o for_o when_o haroald_n understand_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o get_v that_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n which_o he_o look_v for_o which_o be_v a_o certain_a lordship_n within_o wales_n nigh_o unto_o hereford_n and_o know_v also_o caradoc_n to_o be_v subtle_a and_o deceitful_a man_n compound_v with_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n for_o that_o lordship_n he_o make_v he_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o banish_a caradoc_n out_o of_o the_o country_n scotus_n afterward_o haroald_v have_v obtain_v that_o lordship_n build_v there_o a_o princely_a and_o sumptuous_a house_n at_o a_o place_n call_v portaslyth_a and_o diverse_a time_n earnest_o invite_v the_o king_n to_o come_v to_o see_v the_o same_o &_o at_o the_o length_n the_o king_n be_v then_o at_o gloucester_n not_o far_o off_o grant_v he_o his_o request_n whereupon_o haroald_v make_v such_o preparation_n as_o be_v before_o mention_v for_o he_o which_o be_v thus_o most_o horrible_o abuse_v by_o tosty_o soon_o after_o this_o wicked_a act_n the_o say_a caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi come_v to_o the_o same_o house_n and_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o haroald_n kill_v all_o the_o workman_n and_o laborer_n that_o be_v there_o at_o work_n and_o all_o the_o servant_n and_o people_n of_o haroald_n that_o he_o can_v find_v and_o deface_v the_o work_n carry_v away_o those_o thing_n that_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o expense_n have_v be_v bring_v thither_o to_o set_v out_o and_o beautify_v the_o build_n haroald_n and_o his_o brother_n be_v chief_a justicer_n of_o the_o land_n 430._o and_o they_o use_v when_o they_o see_v any_o manor_n house_n or_o farm_n that_o please_v they_o to_o cause_v the_o owner_n to_o be_v murder_v by_o night_n with_o all_o his_o child_n and_o household_n and_o then_o to_o seize_v the_o land_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n now_o when_o the_o people_n of_o northumberland_n hear_v the_o exile_n of_o tosty_o which_o be_v their_o earl_n they_o reioise_v much_o for_o they_o hate_v he_o to_o the_o death_n wherefore_o come_v to_o york_n they_o slay_v all_o his_o family_n aswell_o englishmen_n as_o dane_n then_o join_v to_o they_o the_o man_n of_o lincolnshire_n nottingham_n and_o derbyshire_n they_o make_v marcher_n son_n of_o earl_n algar_n their_o captain_n and_o to_o they_o come_v his_o brother_n edwin_n with_o his_o people_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o welshman_n and_o they_o go_v burn_v &_o spoil_v to_o hampton_n where_o haroald_v meet_v with_o they_o send_v from_o the_o king_n to_o know_v their_o will_n and_o they_o say_v they_o will_v have_v marcher_n earl_n over_o they_o which_o the_o king_n grant_v &_o confirm_v whereupon_o they_o return_v west_n the_o one_o to_o the_o north_n the_o other_o to_o wales_n spoil_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o country_n and_o lead_v with_o they_o many_o thousand_o prisoner_n the_o year_n follow_v be_v 1066._o 1066_o king_n edward_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o westminster_n this_o be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o saxon_n or_o english_a blood_n that_o reign_v in_o this_o land_n which_o from_o cerdicke_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n have_v continue_v 544._o and_o from_o egbert_n the_o first_o monarch_n 171._o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n some_o will_v have_v prefer_v edgar_n edel_v as_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o haroald_n be_v of_o great_a power_n more_o rich_a and_o better_o freend_v obtain_v it_o nothing_o weieng_v his_o oath_n and_o promise_n to_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n which_o duke_n call_v all_o his_o noble_n together_o declare_v they_o the_o wrong_n he_o have_v receive_v at_o haroald_n hand_n first_o the_o death_n of_o his_o cousin_n alfred_n than_o the_o banishment_n of_o the_o archbishop_n robert_n and_o earl_n odan_n with_o all_o the_o normanes_n and_o thirdlie_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n break_v declare_v also_o the_o title_n he_o have_v to_o england_n aswell_o by_o the_o former_a promise_n of_o edward_n make_v to_o he_o in_o normandy_n that_o if_o ever_o he_o enjoy_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n themselves_o william_n shall_v be_v his_o heir_n as_o also_o by_o cozenage_n and_o by_o the_o oath_n and_o promise_n of_o haroald_n which_o matter_n consider_v by_o the_o nobility_n of_o normandy_n with_o all_o the_o danger_n and_o difficulty_n of_o this_o expedition_n bring_v they_o to_o such_o perplexity_n that_o the_o more_o part_n fear_v the_o end_n then_o william_n fitzosbert_n the_o duke_n sewer_n see_v how_o they_o be_v bend_v dissuade_v they_o from_o that_o voyage_n wherefore_o they_o agree_v all_o that_o he_o shall_v declare_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o duke_n then_o he_o come_v to_o he_o and_o say_v i_o with_o all_o my_o man_n and_o power_n be_o ready_a to_o live_v and_o die_v with_o thou_o in_o this_o journey_n which_o

reynald_n bruse_n come_v to_o he_o with_o six_o knight_n in_o his_o company_n and_o desire_v his_o father_n in_o law_n of_o pardon_n for_o his_o offence_n who_o receive_v he_o gentle_o do_v not_o only_o forgive_v he_o but_o also_o give_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o senghennyth_n and_o reynald_n commit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o rees_n vachan_n lhewelyn_n after_o he_o have_v set_v all_o thing_n in_o good_a order_n in_o that_o country_n march_v to_o dyvet_n and_o be_v at_o cefn_n cynwarchan_n the_o fleming_n send_v to_o he_o to_o desire_v peace_n but_o the_o prince_n will_v not_o grant_v they_o their_o request_n then_o young_a rees_n be_v the_o first_o that_o pass_v the_o river_n cledheu_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o of_o the_o town_n whereupon_o jorwerth_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n with_o all_o his_o clergy_n come_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o desire_v peace_n to_o the_o fleming_n which_o after_o long_o debate_v be_v thus_o conclude_v fleming_n first_o that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o ros_n and_o the_o land_n of_o pembroke_n shall_v become_v the_o princess_n subject_n and_o ever_o from_o thencefoorth_o take_v he_o for_o their_o liege_n lord_n secondarilie_o that_o they_o shall_v pay_v he_o a_o 1000_o mark_n towards_o his_o charge_n before_o michaelmas_n next_o come_v thirdlie_o that_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o they_o shall_v deliver_v forthwith_o to_o the_o prince_n twenty_o pledge_n of_o the_o best_a in_o all_o the_o country_n which_o thing_n they_o do_v then_o the_o prince_n after_o he_o have_v bring_v all_o wales_n to_o his_o subjection_n return_v to_o north-wales_n with_o much_o honour_n short_o after_o there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o lewis_n the_o french_a king_n son_n whereupon_o the_o king_n promise_v the_o baron_n all_o their_o request_n lewis_n return_v towards_o france_n wales_n then_o short_o after_o william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n get_v the_o town_n of_o caerlhêon_n and_o make_v war_n against_o the_o welshman_n who_o contrary_a to_o their_o promise_n the_o baron_n leave_v out_o of_o the_o conclusion_n of_o peace_n the_o baron_n be_v very_o glad_a of_o the_o friendship_n and_o aid_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n to_o serve_v their_o turn_n but_o now_o in_o the_o general_a conclusion_n of_o the_o peace_n contrary_a to_o their_o oath_n and_o promise_n they_o reserve_v out_o wales_n to_o keep_v they_o play_v withal_o hope_v to_o get_v some_o more_o land_n thereby_o therefore_o let_v man_n take_v heed_n how_o they_o build_v upon_o turne-seruing_a friendship_n whereupon_o rees_n vachan_n raze_v the_o castle_n of_o senghennyth_n &_o all_o the_o castle_n he_o have_v in_o his_o custody_n in_o that_o country_n and_o banish_v all_o the_o englishman_n that_o dwell_v there_o with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n for_o ever_o and_o divide_v the_o country_n to_o the_o welshman_n who_o have_v keep_v it_o unto_o this_o day_n the_o year_n ensue_v prince_n lhewelyn_n put_v his_o garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o caermardhin_n and_o aberteivi_fw-la then_o young_a rees_n by_o the_o princess_n consent_n go_v to_o the_o king_n &_o do_v he_o homage_n for_o his_o land_n at_o this_o time_n william_n earl_n of_o arundel_n rondell_n earl_n of_o chester_n william_n ferrer_n earl_n of_o derbie_n and_o bryan_n lisle_n take_v their_o voyage_n towards_o the_o holy_a land_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v rees_n gryc_a son_n to_o prince_n rees_n marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr bruse_n marry_v marret_n the_o daughter_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n at_o that_o time_n william_n marshal_v the_o elder_a die_v leave_v after_o he_o five_o son_n and_o five_o daughter_n which_o daughter_n be_v thus_o marry_v maud_n to_o hugh_n bygod_n joane_n to_o warren_n de_fw-fr mount_n chensey_n isabella_n to_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n sibyl_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o derbie_n and_o eva_n to_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n betwixt_o which_o five_a all_o his_o great_a inheritance_n be_v after_o divide_v for_o all_o his_o son_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o be_v every_o one_o after_o another_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n the_o year_n 1220._o 1220_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n lead_v a_o army_n to_o pembroke_n against_o the_o fleming_n who_o contrary_a to_o their_o oath_n and_o league_n have_v take_v the_o castle_n of_o aberteivi_fw-la which_o castle_n the_o prince_n win_v and_o destroy_v put_v the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n raze_v the_o castle_n &_o go_v thence_o to_o the_o land_n of_o gwys_n where_o he_o raze_v that_o castle_n and_o burn_v the_o town_n 1221_o also_o he_o cause_v all_o haverford_n to_o be_v burn_v to_o the_o castle_n gate_n and_o destroy_v all_o ros_n and_o daugledhau_n and_o they_o which_o keep_v the_o castle_n send_v to_o he_o for_o truse_a till_o may_n which_o be_v conclude_v upon_o condition_n trefaldwyn_n and_o so_o he_o return_v home_o also_o this_o year_n certain_a lord_n of_o wales_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o buelht_n which_o be_v reynalds_n the_o bruse_n therefore_o the_o king_n come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o the_o march_n and_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o come_v as_o far_o as_o mountgomerie_n and_o build_v a_o new_a castle_n there_o as_o william_n de_fw-fr albineto_n earl_n of_o arundel_n henry_n de_fw-fr bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o sayer_n the_o quincie_n earl_n of_o winchester_n be_v come_v home_o from_o the_o holy_a land_n they_o die_v by_o the_o way_n the_o year_n follow_v there_o fall_v a_o great_a dissension_n betwixt_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o gruffyth_v his_o son_n for_o this_o gruffyth_v enjoy_v the_o cantref_o of_o merionyth_n without_o his_o father_n consent_n and_o therefore_o his_o father_n send_v for_o he_o to_o come_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o will_v not_o come_v therefore_o the_o prince_n swear_v that_o he_o will_v be_v revenge_v upon_o he_o and_o his_o complice_n for_o that_o dishonour_n and_o then_o come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o merionyth_n but_o his_o son_n fear_v not_o the_o father_n get_v his_o people_n in_o the_o field_n ready_a to_o abide_v the_o battle_n but_o as_o they_o be_v in_o fight_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v and_o gruffyth_v yield_v to_o his_o father_n and_o cry_v he_o mercy_n then_o lhewelyn_n although_o he_o forgive_v his_o son_n his_o offence_n yet_o he_o take_v merionyth_n and_o ardydwy_n from_o he_o &_o build_v a_o castle_n there_o return_v home_o again_o at_o this_o time_n young_a rees_n forsake_v prince_n lhewelyn_n because_o aberteivi_fw-la be_v not_o deliver_v he_o as_o the_o promise_n be_v at_o the_o divide_n of_o southwales_n and_o go_v to_o william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n therefore_o lhewelyn_n come_v to_o aberystwyth_n and_o seize_v the_o castle_n and_o all_o that_o territory_n to_o his_o own_o use_n then_o young_a rees_n hear_v this_o go_v unto_o the_o king_n to_o complain_v upon_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o king_n send_v for_o the_o prince_n to_o shrewesburie_n and_o make_v 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corff_n and_o shirburne_n with_o somersetshire_n and_o dorcestershire_n and_o the_o liberty_n and_o forest_n philip_n de_fw-fr mark_n the_o castle_n of_o peke_n and_o nottingham_n notinghamshire_n and_o derbyshire_n gigelard_n de_fw-fr siconia_n keep_v windsor_n and_o odhiam_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o king_n receive_v to_o his_o hand_n 619._o also_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n who_o take_v to_o wife_n the_o king_n of_o scot_n sister_n the_o year_n after_o young_a rees_n son_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o world_n be_v a_o lusty_a gentleman_n and_o endue_v with_o many_o notable_a virtue_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n who_o inheritance_n lhewelyn_n divide_v between_o his_o brother_n owen_n and_o his_o uncle_n maelgon_n the_o year_n after_o christ_n incarnation_n 1223._o 1223_o william_n martial_n come_v from_o ireland_n 622._o and_o land_v at_o s._n david_n with_o

of_o north-wales_n by_o his_o father_n 213._o but_o of_o a_o young_a brother_n of_o the_o house_n of_o powy_n who_o portion_n by_o inheritance_n be_v lay_v down_o by_o i_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n before_o page_n 213._o which_o be_v but_o a_o very_a small_a thing_n there_o be_v diverse_a gentleman_n even_o at_o this_o date_n in_o wales_n which_o be_v come_v of_o the_o house_n of_o north-wales_n lineal_o but_o i_o know_v none_o which_o be_v lawful_o descend_v of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n call_v by_o matthew_n paris_n leolinus_n magnus_n but_o such_o be_v come_v out_o of_o the_o house_n of_o mortimer_n in_o the_o which_o house_n by_o order_n of_o descent_n the_o right_a of_o the_o inheritance_n lie_v 938._o about_o this_o time_n harold_n king_n of_o man_n come_v to_o the_o court_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o king_n henry_n and_o he_o dub_v he_o knight_n the_o summer_n follow_v rees_n vachan_n son_n to_o rees_n mechyl_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o carrec_n cynnen_n which_o his_o mother_n of_o mere_a hatred_n conceive_v against_o he_o have_v deliver_v to_o the_o englishman_n the_o abbot_n of_o conwey_n and_o stratflur_v make_v suit_n to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o body_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n which_o he_o grant_v unto_o they_o and_o they_o convey_v it_o to_o conwey_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o bury_v then_o also_o william_n ferrer_n earl_n of_o derbie_n and_o his_o wife_n die_v be_v either_o of_o they_o a_o hundred_o year_n of_o age_n not_o long_o after_o william_n de_fw-fr long_fw-mi spata_fw-la earl_n of_o salisbury_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n leave_v one_o daughter_n behind_o he_o marry_v to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lyncolne_n the_o same_o time_n likewise_o die_v gladys_n daughter_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o wife_n to_o sir_n ralph_n mortimer_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o wyndsore_n the_o year_n next_o follow_v be_v so_o dry_a that_o there_o fall_v no_o rain_n from_o the_o eleven_o day_n of_o march_n to_o the_o assumption_n of_o our_o lady_n in_o the_o year_n 1254._o 1254_o there_o arise_v a_o great_a debate_n between_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n for_o owen_n can_v not_o be_v content_a with_o half_a the_o principality_n but_o get_v his_o young_a brother_n david_n to_o he_o and_o they_o two_o levy_v a_o great_a power_n to_o disinherit_v lhewelyn_n who_o with_o his_o man_n meet_v with_o they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n give_v they_o a_o overthrow_n where_o he_o take_v they_o both_o prisoner_n &_o then_o seize_v all_o their_o land_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n enjoyeng_v alone_o the_o whole_a principality_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v all_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n come_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o make_v their_o complaint_n to_o he_o with_o weep_a eye_n how_o cruel_o they_o be_v handle_v by_o prince_n edward_n and_o other_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n their_o land_n be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o force_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o do_v offend_v they_o be_v punish_v with_o extremity_n but_o where_o they_o be_v wrong_v they_o find_v no_o remedy_n therefore_o they_o protest_v before_o god_n and_o he_o that_o they_o will_v rather_o die_v in_o the_o field_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o right_n than_o to_o be_v make_v slave_n to_o stranger_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n pity_v his_o estate_n and_o they_o determine_v together_o with_o they_o utterlie_o to_o refuse_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o englishman_n and_o rather_o to_o die_v in_o liberty_n than_o to_o live_v in_o thraldom_n shame_n and_o opprobrie_n and_o gather_v all_o his_o power_n first_o recover_v again_o all_o the_o inland_a country_n of_o north-wales_n and_o afterward_o all_o merionyth_n and_o such_o land_n as_o edward_n have_v usurp_v in_o caerdigan_n which_o he_o give_v to_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi and_o buelht_v he_o give_v to_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n chase_v away_o rees_n vachan_n out_o of_o the_o same_o and_o so_o honourable_o divide_v all_o that_o he_o win_v among_o his_o baron_n that_o he_o keep_v nothing_o to_o himself_o but_o the_o perpetual_a fame_n of_o his_o liberality_n then_o also_o he_o recover_v gwerthryneon_n from_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n the_o summer_n follow_v prince_n lhewelyn_n make_v war_n against_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n who_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o win_v all_o powy_n from_o he_o save_o the_o castle_n of_o pole_n and_o a_o little_a of_o caereneon_n and_o the_o land_n by_o seaverne_n side_n rees_n vachan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n mechylh_n meaning_n to_o recover_v his_o land_n again_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n a_o great_a army_n where_o of_o one_o stephen_n bacon_n be_v captain_n and_o come_v to_o caermardhyn_n by_o sea_n and_o march_v from_o thence_o towards_o dynevowr_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o the_o princess_n power_n come_v with_o his_o coosin_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n where_o there_o be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n as_o ever_o be_v fight_v in_o wales_n of_o so_o many_o man_n and_o in_o the_o end_n the_o englishman_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o lose_v of_o their_o man_n above_o 2000_o soldier_n from_o thence_o the_o princess_n army_n go_v to_o dyvet_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o country_n and_o destroy_v the_o castle_n of_o abercorran_n lhanstephan_n maenclochoc_n &_o arberth_n and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o much_o spoil_n 1256_o and_o forthwith_o not_o be_v able_a to_o abide_v the_o wrong_n that_o geffrey_n langley_n lieutenant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n do_v to_o they_o 1251._o the_o prince_n enter_v the_o earl_n land_n 61._o and_o destroy_v all_o to_o the_o gate_n of_o chester_n on_o either_o side_n the_o water_n whereupon_o edward_n the_o earl_n flee_v to_o his_o uncle_n who_o be_v then_o choose_v king_n of_o roman_n for_o succour_n and_o return_v back_o with_o a_o army_n dare_v not_o fight_v with_o the_o prince_n 1253._o who_o have_v 10000_o arm_a man_n every_o one_o swear_v to_o die_v in_o the_o field_n if_o need_v require_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n yet_o gruffyth_v ap_fw-mi madoc_n maelor_n common_o surname_v lord_n of_o dinas_n brân_n which_o be_v a_o castle_n stand_v upon_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n of_o situation_n impregnable_a in_o the_o lordship_n of_o chirke_n forsake_v the_o prince_n and_o serve_v the_o earl_n with_o all_o his_o power_n 277._o which_o earl_n be_v count_v a_o cruel_a and_o unjust_a man_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o right_v promise_n or_o oath_n the_o next_o year_n prince_n lhewelyn_n seize_v to_o his_o hand_n cemey_n and_o make_v peace_n betwixt_o rees_n gryc_a and_o rees_n vachan_n his_o brother_n son_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o trefdraeth_n or_o newport_n with_o all_o ros_n save_v haverford_n then_o destroy_v the_o country_n in_o his_o way_n towards_o glamorgan_n he_o raze_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangymwch_n and_o return_v to_o north-wales_n meet_v with_o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n by_o the_o way_n 1260._o who_o he_o cause_v to_o retire_v back_o and_o then_o destroy_v the_o land_n of_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n therefore_o the_o king_n of_o england_n &_o almain_n write_v to_o he_o gentle_o to_o depart_v home_o which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v but_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battle_n in_o every_o of_o the_o which_o as_o matthew_n paris_n say_v there_o be_v 1500._o footman_n and_o 500_o horseman_n well_o appoint_v whereupon_o edward_n send_v to_o the_o irishman_n to_o come_v to_o his_o succour_n 1268._o whereof_o the_o prince_n be_v certify_v make_v ready_a his_o ship_n and_o send_v they_o to_o the_o sea_n with_o sufficient_a power_n to_o resist_v the_o come_n of_o his_o enemy_n that_o way_n prevent_v he_o so_o that_o the_o irishman_n be_v overcome_v and_o send_v home_o with_o great_a loss_n 1271._o wherefore_o the_o king_n with_o his_o son_n be_v in_o a_o great_a rage_n gather_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o england_n from_o s._n michaëls_n mount_n to_o twede_v &_o come_v to_o north-wales_n as_o far_o as_o teganwy_n but_o the_o prince_n cause_v all_o the_o victual_n to_o be_v remoove_v over_o the_o river_n of_o conwey_n and_o keep_v all_o the_o straicte_n and_o passage_n so_o narrow_o that_o the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o retire_v to_o england_n with_o great_a loss_n then_o prince_n lhewelyn_n call_v to_o he_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n come_v to_o the_o march_n where_o gruffyth_a lord_n of_o bromfield_n yield_v himself_o to_o he_o because_o the_o king_n can_v not_o defend_v his_o land_n &_o seize_v to_o his_o own_o hand_n all_o the_o land_n in_o powy_n 1272._o he_o banish_v the_o lord_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n where_o also_o he_o give_v the_o englishman_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o worthy_a