March 29. 1462. However himself escap'd into Scotland and sent the Queen and Prince to her Father in France and King Edward on the other hand Crown'd June 29. following Nor was Queen Margaret all this while idle but return'd with new Forces into the North where she joyn'd those Succours her Husband had brought out of Scotland and with the Assistance of their Friends at home out it to another Battel at Exham Field May 4. 1463. where King Henry was taken and the Queen made her escape into France to her Father And now King Edward being in a manner setled he sent the Earl of Warwick into France to demand the Lady Bona Daughter to Lewis Duke of Savoy and Sister to Charlotte then Queen of France for Wife which was so well relish'd that it was in a short time assented to But it so happen'd that the Lady Elizabeth Gray Widow of Sir John Gray slain at the last Battel of St. Alban's coming to petition for her Joynture which had been seiz'd into the King's hands the King not only granted it but became a Petitioner himself And being not able to obtain it otherwise married her 1465. This bred no good Blood in France and netled Warwick who took no notice of it for the present but with the King's leave retir'd to Warwick However to prevent the worst the King made his Brother George Nevil Archbishop of York 1467 and to secure a Friend against France married his Sister Margaret to Charles Duke of Burgundy 1468. By this time the Earl of VVarwick still meditating a Revenge had wrought over to his Design the said Archbishop and his other Brother John Marquess Montacute and leaving them behind him to make some Commotion in his absence took the Duke of Clarence with him and went over to his Command at Callice And upon full assurance that the said Duke bore no great Good-will to the King his Brother for a Tie of Friendship between them married the Lady Isabel his elder Daughter to him The Commotion was ascordingly made and in a short time impror'd to such a Rebellion that the King was forc'd to raise an Army to suppress it But VVarwul who had privately gotten over and now headed it by the assistance of Clarence fell upon the King in the Night and brought him Prisoner to VVarwick-Castle whence he made as escape and having gotten to London so ordered his Affairs that Clarence and VVarwid were forc'd for France again where they are kindly receiv'd especially by Queen Margaret who to secure the Earl to her side married he Son the Prince to Anne second Daughter oâ— the said Earl and took an Oath of him and such of the Nobility as follow'd her Fortune not to leave the War 'till either King Henry or his Son the Prince were restor'd to the Crown On which he came over for Eâ—â—land and forc'd King Edward into Holland Where he stay'd not long but return'd and drove VVarwick back to Callice April 1470. Where having made his Recruits he came over the August following and the Country so fell in with him that King Edward finding himself not able to withstand the Force pass'd the Sea to his Brother-in-Law the Duke of Burgundy and left his Queen in the Sanctuary at VVestrninster where she was deliver'd of her eldest Son Prince Edward VVarwick in the mean time making for London deliver'd King Henry out of the Tower and restor'd him to his Kingly Government himself neverthelass being made Lieutenant of the Realm and Clarence who unknown to the Earl had made his Peace with King Edward his Brother loyn'd as Associate with him The Duke of Burgundy in the mean time though he publickly refus'd to appear for King Edward yet underhand gave him that Supply from others that he landed again in England March 12. 1471. where he found his Friends ready to receive him and the Earl of Warwick though Clarence began to draw off and Queen Margaret not yet come with her Succours from France as forward to oppose him Notwithstanding which King Edward got to London and had King Henry deliver'd to him by the Archbishop of York to whose Care the Earl of Warwick his Brother had entrusted him This done King Edward advanc'd towards St. Alban's where Warwick lay and met him at Barnet-Heath where after a desperate Engagement the said Earl and his other Brother the Marquess Montacute were slain April 14. 1471. King Edward went back to London and offer'd his Standard at St. Paul's nor was the Ceremony scarce over before news was brought him That Queen Margaret was landed at Weymouth with a mighty Power On which the King march'd against her with what expedition he could and met her at Teuxbury May 4. following and after a bloody Fight gave her a total Rout and took the Prince her Son Prisoner whom the Dukes of Clarence and Gloucester afterwards King Richard III. slew in the King's presence Not long after which the said Queen being found in a poor House of Religion was brought a Prisoner to London and so kept 'till ransom'd by her Father And to compleat the Tragedy King Henry now Prisoner in the Tower underwent the same Fate with his Son and by the same hand the 23d of the same Month and Year having reigned but six Months after his recovery of the Crown Upon which Jasper Earl of Pembroke taking his young Nephew Henry Earl of Richmond afterwards King Henry VII with him made his escape to the Duke of Bretagne and was well receiv'd by him nor could King Edward with all his Artifices ever get him out of his hands And now all things quieted a home the King went for Callice 1474. to divert the King of France's Attempts upon Burgundy but the Duke failing to joyn him according to promise he made a Peace with the King of France for nine Years which was sworn to by both Kings upon an Interview between them near Amiens 1475. and return'd to England After which George Duke of Clarence upon some old Disgusts between the King and him was sent to the Tower 1476. adjudg'd a Traitor and not long after found dead in a Butt of Malmsie 1477. Leaving Issue by the said Earl of VVarwick's Daughter Anne 1. Edward created Earl of VVarwick by the said King Edward and beheaded by Henry VII 1500. 2. Margaret Countess of Salisbury Mother of Cardinal Pool beheaded by Henry VIII 1541. In which two died the Right Line and Surname of Plantagenet In the Year 1482. James III. King of Scotand having broken some Articles between King Edward and him the King sent an Army into Scotland under the Command of the Duke of Gloucester took Berwick and brought that King to his Terms But while he was preparing for a War with France fell sick and died April 9. 1483. in the Forty first Year of his Age and Twenty third of his Reign He had to Wife the Lady Elizabeth Gray before-mention'd who brought him five Daughters and two Sons 1. Elizabeth of York
Munster and Osenburg in 1648. He had the Lower Palatinate and Bergstrasse restored him and was constituted the Eighth Elector and Chief Treasurer of the Empire At the same time was the University of Heidelberg restored Liberty of Conscience granted the Protestants Measures taken for restoring Peace to the Church and Manheim repaired Upon the Decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third there was a Dispute betwixt him and the Elector of Bavaria touching their right to the Vicarship of the Empire during the Inter-regnum He had also several Contests for the Wildtangiate In 1650. he took to Wife Charlotte Daughter of William the Fifth Landtgrave of Hesse who afterwards was parted from him and returned home upon some Discontents that arose between ' em Nevertheless he had Issue by her Charlotte Elizabeth born 1652. and married in 71. to Philip Duke of Orleans the present French King's only Brother and Charles born March 31. 1651. who indeed succeeded him but out-liv'd him only five Years deceasing May 16. 1685. and that without Issue notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Wilhelmina Ernestina Daughter of Frederick the Third late King of Denmark and Sister to Christian the Fifth the present King Moreover 't is to be noted of Prince Charles Lewis the Father that besides the Princess of Hesse his lawful Wife he super-induced another whose name was Lovise Degenfeld by whom he had this Issue living at his Death 1. Charles Lewis the Rhinegrave born 1658. 2. Charlotte born 1659. and married to Meinhard Count Schomberg 1683. 3. Lovise born Jan. 15. 1661. 4. Aemilia Elizabeth born March 22. 1663. 5. Charles Edward born May 9. 1668. 6. Charles Maurice Dec. 30. 1670. 7. Charles Auguste Oct. 9. 1672. And 8. Charles Casimire Apr. 22. 1675. § XII 'T is now time that Lewis surnamed The Black mentioned by us in the seventh Section Numb 3. be brought once more on the Stage In the division of the Hereditary Provinces 'twixt him and his Brother Frederick he obtain'd the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts and County of Veldentz for his Patrimony wherein he was succeeded at his death An. 1489. by his Son Alexander who marrying the Lady Margaret Daughter of Crato Earl of Hohenloh had Issue Lewis the Second born 1502. George Canon of Cologne and Triers and Rupert who became possessed of the Counties of Lautereck and Veldentz by the grant of his Nephew Wolfgang of Newburg and was succeeded in the same by his Son George John who by the donation of his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector became possessed of the County of Lutzelstein also and departed this Life 1592. leaving Issue by Anne Mary Daughter of Gustavus King of Sweden as followeth 1. George Gustavus born Feb. 6. 1564. 2. Anne Margaret married to Richard Count Palatine in Simmeren An. 1591. 3. Ursula born 1573. married to Lewis Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Mompelgart 1585. deceased 1636. 4. John Augustus born 1575. deceased without Issue Sept. 18. 1611. 5. Lewis Philip born 1577. and Slain at Heidelberg by accident in a Tournament An. 1601. 6. Joan Elizabeth born 1579. deceased 1599. 7. George John born 1586. whose Wife was the Lady Daughter of Otho Henry Count Palatine in Sultzbach by whom he had four Children but none of them out-liv'd him Wherefore George Gustavus who departed this Life 1634. was the only Propagator of the Branch of Veldentz having had by his Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John the First Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts this following Issue namely 1. Anne Magdalen born 1602. and married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg she died 1630. 2. John Frederick Colonel of the Swedish Regiment deceased 1632. 3. Charles Lewis who likewise serv'd under His Swedish Majesty and died of his Wounds at Wolmerstadt July 17. 1631. 4. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 24. 1622. deceased 1631. 5. Mary Sibilla who was an Abbess and died 1649. 6. Leopold Lewis born Feb. 1. 1625. By the Peace of Osenbrug he recovered the County of Veldentz and in 1654. he became possessed of that of Lutzelstein also by right of Inheritance Nevertheless in the last French War he was beat out of all and has ever since liv'd in Exile His Children by the Princess Agatha Christina Daughter to Philip Wolfgang Count of Hanaw are 1. Anne Sophia born 1650. 2. Gustavus Philip born 1651. deceased 1679. 3. Elizabeth Joan born 1653. and married to John Rhinegrave in Mortchingen 4. Christina born 1654. deceased the Year following 5. Christian Lewis born 1656. deceased 1658. 6. Dorothy born 1658. 7. Leopold Lewis 1659. deceased 1660. 8. Charles George born May 27. 1660. and Slain at the Storming of Buda 1686. 9. Agatha Eleanor born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Augustus Leopold born 1663. and Slain at the Siege of Mentz 1689. § XIII We must now look back to Lewis the Second of whom we made mention in the beginning of the last Section He succeeded his Father Lewis the Black and had the Dutchy of Dexu Ponts settled on him as also the Counties of Veldentz and Sponheim out of all which Provinces he totally extirpated the Romish Religion and embraced Luther's Faith He departed this Life in the Year 1532. and was succeeded by his Son Wolfgang born 1526. This Wolfgang had Newburg on the Danube and Sultzbach afterwards given him by his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector Whereupon he made over the Counties of Veldentz and Lautereck to his Uncle Rupert Afterwards he order'd by his Will that his Posterity should Branch themselves into two Lines viz. Deux-Ponts and Newburg and that in both the Right to Succession by Birth-right should be observ'd to Newburg he subjected Sultzbach as Birkenfeld to Deux-Ponts His Death fell in the Year 1569. at which time he had Four Sons surviving by his Wife the Princess Anne Daughter of Philip the Stout Landtgrave of Hesse whose names were Philip Lewis born Oct. 1. 1547. John the First born May 18. 1550. Otho Henry July 22. 1556. deceased 1604. and Charles Propagator of the Branch of Birkenfeld Sept. 4. 1560. Of the Line of Newburg § XIV PHilip Lewis in whom this Line began was a Prince famous for his great Prudence in the Government of his Family as also for his Zeal to Religion He departed this Life in the Year 1614. leaving Issue by Anne Daughter of William Duke of Cleve 1. Anne Mary born Aug. 12. 1575. married to Frederick William the first Duke of Sax-Altenburg deceased Feb. 1. 1643. 2. Dorothy Sabina born 1576. deceased 1598. 3. Wolfgang William born Oct. 28. or 29. 1587. 4. Otho Henry born 1580. deceased 1587. or 1598. 5. Augustus Author of the Branch of Sultzbach born Oct. 2. 1582. of whom and his Posterity we shall say more in the next Section when we come to treat of that Branch 6. Aemilia Hedewig born 1584. deceased 1607. And 7. John Frederick born Aug. 23. 1587. deceased 1647. His Wife was Sophia Agnes Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt by whom he had Six Children yet not one of them survived
to Charles Archduke of Austria who bore him eight Children whereof three died in their Infancy The rest were 1. Anna Maria Mauritia married to Lewis the Thirteenth King of France 1615. deceased July 3. 1640. 2. Mary Anne married to the Emperour Ferdinand the Third 1631. deceased May 13. 1646. 3. Charles a Prince of the Noblest Vertues but taken off by a too untimely Fate 4. Ferdinand Cardinal and Governour of the Netherlands deceased 1641. And 5. Philip the Fourth surnamed Dominicus Victor succeeded his Father in 1621. and took on him the Government at the Age of sixteen He lost the American Plate-Fleet He enter'd into a perpetual Alliance with the States of Holland He concluded the Pyrenaean Peace with the French And in short was an unfortunate Prince during the whole course of his Reign He had two Wives Elizabeth Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France who bore him seven Children but all of 'em either died young or in their Infancy except Maria Theresia married to Lewis the Fourteenth the present French King in 1660. since deceased July 30. 1683. His second Match was with Mary Anne Daughter to the Emperour Ferdinand the Third by whom he had Issue 1. Margaret Theresia married to Leopold the present Emperour in 1666. deceased March 20. 1673. And 2. Charles the Second the present King of Spain born Nov. 6. 1661. who succeeded in that Kingdom at the death of his Father Philip in the Year 1665. In 1679. he took to Wife Mary Louise Daughter of Philip Duke of Orleans who dying without Issue in 1689. he the same Year married Mariae Anna Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine the present Queen All which being thus fully explain'd we now come to the German Line Of the German Line § X. PRoceed we therefore to speak of the other Son of Philip the First as Authose of the German Line His Name was Ferdinand born in Spain 1503. Crown'd King of Hungary and Bohemia in right of his Wife 1527. Elected King of the Romans 1531. and Emperour in 1556. He had great Wars with the Turks as also with the Protestants He permitted the Bohemians to Communicate under both kinds His Empress was Anne Daughter to Uladislaus King of Hungary Sister to Lewis the Infant The day of his death happen'd in the Year 1653. and sixtieth of his Age after he had had this following Issue 1. Elizabeth born 1526. married to Sigismund King of Poland 1545. 2. maximilian born Aug. 1. 1527. 3. Anne born 1528. married to Albert the Fifth Duke of Bavaria deceased Octob. 18. 1587. 4. Mary born May 15. 1530. married to William Duke of Juliers 1546. deceased 1584 5. Magdalen profess'd a Nun. 6. Catharine born Sept. 25. 1533. and married to Francis Duke of Mantua and after his decease to Sigismund Augustus King of Poland She died 1572. 7. Ferdinand II. Archduke of Austria born 1534. 8. Eleanor born Nov. 2. 1534. She was married to William Duke of Mantua and died 1604. 9. Margaret another Nun deceased 1566. 10. John born 1538. deceased the Year after 11. Barbara born 1539. married to Alphonso II. Duke of Ferrara 1565. deceased 1572. 12. Charles born June 3. 1540. 13. Ursula deceased an Infant 14. Helena who went into a Nunnery And 15. Joanna born 1547. married to Francis Duke of Florence 1565. deceased 1578. As for the three Sons Maximilian Ferdinand and Charles they had their Father's Territories divided amongst 'em by which division Maximilian obtain'd Hungary Bohemia and Austria Ferdinand had Tyrol and Alsace and Charles Stiria and Carinthia Of these we shall speak a-part in their proper places § XI Maximilian II. was crown'd King of Bohemia Sept. 20. 1562. and of Hungary on Sept. 8. in the following Year He was likewise elected King of the Romans in the aforesaid Year 1562. and Emperour in 64. He was a pious just peaceable Prince and no great Enemy to the Protestants He had Wars with Solyman Emperour of the Turks brought Gunbrachius and his Complices to condign punishment and did by no means approve of the Massacre at Paris He departed this Life at Ratisbonne having had fifteen Children by his Empress Mary Daughter to Charles V. whereof six died young The rest were 1. Anne born 1549. married to Philip II. King of Spain 1570. deceased 1580. 2. Rudolph II. born June 18. 1552. who succeeded his Father in the Empire Octob. 12 1576. and carried on the War with the Port. In 1595. he lost Raab but it was recover'd three Years after by Rudolph Count Swartzburg In 1569. he lost Erla also Kanisa in 1600. and Gran in 1605. He died a Batchellor at Prague Jan. 10. 1612 and left a vast Treasure behind him 3. Ernestus II. born June 15. 1553. And made Governour of the Low-Countries by the King of Spain 1594. which Dignity he scarce enjoy'd a full Year by reason of his death which fell out soon after 4. Elizabeth born 1554 married to Charles IX King of France 1570. deceased June 2 1592. 5. Matthias born 1557. who succeeded his Brother Rudolph in the Empire being elected at Francfort June 13. 1612. On Decemb 4. 1611. he married Anne Daughter to his Uncle Ferdinand Archduke of Austria nevertheless died without Issue 1619. 6. Maximilian III born Octob. 12. 1558. In 1587. he was Crown'd King of Poland but being afterwards defeated and imprisoned by the contrary Faction was forced to quit his Pretensions to that Crown to obtain his Liberty In 1596. he fought a Battel with the Turks not far from Erla where he was routed with his whole Army He was also Grand Master of the Teutonick Order and died in 1620. 7. Albert VII born Nov. 13. 1559. and created Cardinal of the Holy Cross but quitting his Orders was afterwards made Governour of the Netherlands by the King of Spain and married Isabella Clara Eugenia Daughter of Philip II. nevertheless died without Issue July 13. 1621. 8. Wenceslaus Knight of Malta born 1561. deceased Nov. 7. 1578. 9. Margaret a profess'd Nun deceased 1633. aged sixty six § XII The second Son of Ferdinand I. Emperour was Ferdinand II. as was already observ'd a Prince eminent for his Courage who notwithstanding he had many advantageous Matches offer'd him refus'd 'em all and married the Lady Philippina Welseriana Daughter of Free Baron of Xinnenberg by whom he had Issue 1. Andrew Bishop of Brescia and Cardinal deceased Nov. 11. 1600. 2. Charles Marquess of Burgovia deceased without Issue 1618. notwithstanding he had married the Princess Sibilla of Juliers 3. Anne married to the Emperour Matthias at Vienna Decemb. 4. 1611. deceased Decemb. 14. 1618. 4. Anne Catharine a Nun. He had three Children more but they died in their Infancy § XIII Matters thus clear'd we now proceed to speak of Charles third Son of the Emperour Ferdinand I. in whose Issue the Austrian Family in Germany was preserv'd In the division of the Hereditary Provinces aforesaid he had Stiria Carinthia and Carniola for his Patrimony and took to
his End in the Flower of his Age by a very odd Accident in the Year 1498. for going out of a Door at Amboise where he then was to see 'em run at Tilts he struck his Forehead with that violence against the top of it as he was presently after seiz'd by an Apoplexy and fell down dead in the place § X. Wherefore we must look back to Lewis Duke of Orleans mention'd already by us in Sect. VIII Numb 2. This Prince took to Wife Valentine Daughter of Galeazzo Duke of Milan who bare him this following Issue 1. Charles Duke of Orleans and Milan born 1391. 2. Philip deceased without Issue 1420. 3. Margaret born 1406. She married Richard of Bretagne Count d'Estampes and died 1464. 4. John Count d'Angouleme born 1404. of whom more in the next Section as being him in whose Issue the Descent of this Line was continu'd Charles the eldest of these three was taken Prisoner at the Battel of Agin Court and detain'd so in England for the space of five and twenty Years but in the end ransom'd and set at liberty by Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy His death which happened in 1465. was hastned by the Indignation he conceiv'd at having his Counsels despised and laugh'd at by King Lewis XI He was thrice married his first Wife being Isabel Daughter of Charles VI. King of France the Relict of Richard II. King of England his second Bona Daughter of Bernhard Count d'Armanac and his third Mary Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves By these he had four Children 1. Joan married to John Duke of Alençon 2. Lewis XII King of France 3. Mary married to John de Foix Viscount Narbon deceased 1493. 4. Anne Lady Abbess of Tonteurault Lewis XII was advanc'd to the Throne on the death of Charles VIII without Issue and Crown'd 1498. A merciful and gracious Prince sparing of the Money and Blood of his Subjects and therefore very dear to his People and styled by 'em The Father of his Country Yet was he unfortunate through the whole course of his Life witness Thuanus's History lib. 1. His first Wife was Joan Daughter of King Lewis XI a crooked and deform'd Person forced on him notwithstanding his aversion to her and all the Protestations imaginable against the injury done him by the King her Father in hopes of her proving barren Wherefore having obtain'd the Crown he divorc'd her See Im. Hoff. Geneal Gal. in Vitâ Ludov. XII and substituted in her room Anne the Relict of his Predecessor Charles VIII After whose decease he married a third time viz. Mary Daughter of Henry VII King of England nevertheless all his Male Issue died young so that he had only two Daughters namely 1. Claudia born 1499. married to Francis I. King of France And 2. Renata born 1509. married to Hercules Duke of Ferrara § XI Wherefore John Count d'Angoulesme must again appear brought already on the Stage in the last Section Numb 4. He was left in England by his Brother Charles with King Henry V. as a Pledge for an Hundred thousand Crowns and not dismissed 'till thirty Years after During which stay in England he wholly applied himself to the study of Learning and true Piety in which he made so good progress as to be held worthy by the Council of Constance of the Papal Chair which Dignity he nevertheless refused that he might not incense his Prince King Charles VII who was a great Stickler for the deposed Pope Eugenius IV. He married Margaret Daughter of Alan IX Viscount Roban who bore him a Son named Charles Count d'Angoulesme who took to Wife Aloisia Daughter of Philip Count de Bresse afterwards Duke of Savoy by whom he had a Son called Francis born Sept. 12. 1494. This Francis succeeded Lewis XII upon his dying without Issue Male and was Crown'd King of France 1515. He was very prone to Venery and Lewdness which brought him into many and great Inconveniencies He lost the Dutchy of Milan In 1515. the first Year he came to the Crown he overthrew the Swiss at the Battel of Marignan He had great Wars with the Emperour Charles V. by whom he was beaten at the Battel of Pavie in the Year 1525. and being taken Prisoner therein was sent to Madrid Being again set at liberty he began the War afresh but with no better success for in this second War he was wholly beaten out of Italy He had likewise War with Henry VIII King of England which ended in the Year 1546. He was a great Lover of Learning and learned Men whom he advanc'd and had in great esteem He was the first that brought the Custom of selling Offices and Preferments into France He finally abolish'd the Pragmatick Sanction and agreed to the Concordat Moreover he granted Annats to the Pope of Rome His Queens were Claudia Daughter to his Predecessor Lewis XII and Eleanor Daughter of Philip I. King of Spain which last died in the Year 1558. he himself in 1547. leaving Issue a Son and two Daughters The Son was Henry II. of whom in the next Section The Daughters 1. Magdalen married to James V. King of Scotland And 2. Margaret married to Charles Duke of Alençon and after his decease to Henry II King of Navarre § XII Henry II. succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France in 1547 8. He was of a generous Disposition a courageous and warlike Prince He took Metz Toul and Verdun from the Germans and overthrew the Emperour Charles V. in a Field Battel He likewise beat the English out of all their footing in France by taking Calice yet was defeated by the Spaniard with a vast slaughter of his Men at the Battel of St. Quintin Designing to Honour his Sister Margaret's Birth-Day with Festivals and a Tournament in which he would run himself he commanded the Count de Montgomery to run against him as he did but in the Course the Count's Spear shiver'd in pieces and an unlucky Splinter thereof wounded the King so grievously in the Eye that he died within a few Days after July 10. 1559. His Queen was Catharine de Medices Daughter of Laurence Duke of Urbin who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Francis II. who indeed succeeded him but did not long survive him for he was Crown'd King Sept. 8. O.S. 1559. and died Decemb. 5. the Year following He was married to Mary Stuart Daughter of James V. King of Scotland but left no Issue by her 2. Elizabeth or Isabella born 1545. married to Philip II. King of Spain 1559. deceased 1568. 3. Claudia married Feb. 5. 1559. to Charles II. Duke of Lorrain deceased 1575. 4. Lewis deceased an Infant 5. Charles IX born 1550. his Brother's Successor Crown'd King May 15. 1561. His Reign is infamous for the many bloody Battels for the daily Sieges and Sackings of Towns and Cities for the Devastations of Provinces and Slanghters of the Inhabitants occasion'd by the Civil War that then rag'd in France but above all for the barbarous
King Edward's Assistance recovers it and does him Homage and swears Fealty for it 1333. And now there happening some disgust between him and Philip de Valois King of France he bethinks himself of his Title to thâ— Crown in right of Isabel his Mother 〈◊〉 which the Banishment of Robert de Artois by King Philip his Brother who fled for safety to him gave him a fair Opportunity Nor was he wanting to it for he not only receiv'd him joyâ—ully but made him Earl of Richmend and of his Council 1336. which he liv'd not long to enjoy for after six years serving him in France he was wounded at the Siege of Vanner and brought to England where he died 1342. The Year following he instituted the Order of the Garter and created his eldest Son Edward Prince of Wales In July 1346. he enters Normandy with a mighty Army and takes the Prince with him who not full Sixteen fought the Battel of Cressy in Picardy on St. Bartholomew's Day the same Year and obtain'd so great a Victory that Callice was forthwith besieg'd and surrender'd Aug. 3. 1347. On which the King took the Title and Arms of France and return'd for England where the Prince Electors signifie to him That they had chosen him King of the Romans which he refused In the Year 1356. the Prince goes over again fights the Battel of Poictiers in Poictou and takes John the French King Prisoner Septemb 19. the same Year Returns for England brings the said King with him whence he was not deliver'd 'till 1360. at what time an Accord had been made on his behalf at Britigny near Chartres During this Cessation with France the Prince of Wales accompanied with his Brother John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster relieves Peter King of Castile and Leon expuls'd by his Bastard-Brother Henry and restor'd him 1367. But little of the Accord with France being perform'd the King upon his return sends the Prince into Acquitain and in a short time the said Duke John and his younger Brother Edmond Earl of Cambridge to aid him to whom his Health failing him he left the profecution of the War and return'd himself 1371. Nor did his Brother John much after him save that coming for England he by reason of the Prince's sickness wholly manag'd his aged Father which being taken notice of by some of the Prince's Friends he is banâ—â—â—'d the Court Not long after which the Prince died 1375 being the Forty ninth of his Father's Reign and Forty sixth of his Age. His Wise was Joan Daughter of Edmond Earl of Kent his Father's Brother by whom he had 1. Edward born at Angoulesm and died young 2. Richard born at Bourdeaux who succeeded his Grandfather As also two Natural Sons 1. Sir John Sounder 2. Sir Reger Clarendon put to death by Henry IV. for endeavouring the Restauration of his said Brother Richard 1402. And now after the Prince's death the Duke of Lancaster came in play again and openly favour'd John Wickliffe to the great disturbance of the State and therefore lest he might do by Richard of Bâ—urdeaux as Earl John had done by his Nephew Arthur the King providently setled the Succession in Parliament upon the said Richard creating him first Earl of Cheste and Câ—rnwal and then Prince of Wales and died June 21. 1377. in the Sixty fourth Year of his Age and Fiftieth of his Reign He had to Wise Philippa of Haynault who bore him Have Daughters 1. Isabel married to Ingelram Lord of Coueâ— Earl of Sâ—â—â—â—â—ns and Bedford afterwards Archduke of Austria 2. Joan to Alphonso II. of Castile by Proxy but die before it was consummated 3. Mary to John Menserd Duke of Bretagne 4. Margaret to John Hastings Earl of Pembrâ—â—â— but died without Issae 5. Also another Daughter Blanch who died young And seven Sons 1. Edward surnamed The Black Prince of whom before 2. William surnamed Of Hatfield the Place of his Birth He died young 3. Lionel born at Antwerp 1338. made Earl of Ulster in Ireland in right of his Wise Elizabeth Daughter of William Burgh Earl of Ulster with whom also he had the Honour of Clare in the County of Thoumond in that Kingdom and thence created Dake of Clarence She brought him one Daughter only Philippa married to Edmond Mortimer Eail of March Mother of Reger Earl of March Father of Anne Countess of Cambridge Grandmother of King Edward IV. 4 John surnamed Of Gaunt where he was hom 1342. Created Duke of Lancaster 1352. He had three Wives 1. Blanch Daughter and Heir of Henry Earl of Lancaster Son of Edmond Crouch back youngest Son of King Henry III. as before by whom he had Henry of Bullenbrook Earl of Derby who usurp'd upon Richard II. and was the first of the Lancastrian Kings His second Wise was Constance eldest Daughter of Peter King of Castile and Leon in whose Right he bore the same Title and had by her Catharine whose Posterity became Kings of Spain in her Right His third Wife was Catharine Widow of Sir Hugh Swinford an English Knight eldest Daughter and Co heir of Pain Red Guien King at Arms her younger Sifter married Sir Jeoffry Chaucer the English Laureat He had by her before Marriage several Children surnamed De Beaufort from a Castle of his in France of that Name where they were born In regard of which they gave a Portcullis for their Cognisance and were all of them legitimated in Parliament 1397. with this Clause nevertheless Excepting the Reg Dignity As 1. John first Knighted and afterwards created Earl of Somerset 1398. 2. Henry afterwards Bishop of Winchester Cardinal of St. Eusebius and Chancellor of England 3. Thomas first created Earl of Dorset 1398. and afterwards Duke of Exeter 1414. 4. And one Daughter Joan first married to Ralph Nevil Baron of Wemm created afterwards the first Earl of West mâ—rland And after him to Robert Ferrers Lord of Owseley 5. Edmond of Langley born 1342. created Earl of Cambridge 1362. Duke of York 1386. He was the first that gave the White Rose and died 1402. His Wife was Isabella youngest Daughter of the said Peter King of Castile by whom he had Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cambridge married to Anne Mortimer Daughter of Roger Earl of March by whom he had Richard Duke of York slain at the Battel of Wakefield 1460. Father of 1. Edward Duke of York who recover'd the Crown from King Henry VI. 2. George Duke of Clarence 3. Richard Duke of Gloucester afterwards King 6. William of Windsor who died young 7. Thomas of Woodstock a Man valiant and wise He was created Earl of Buckingham 1376. then Duke of Gloucester by Richard II. and at last treacherously made away some say strangled at Callice 1397. XII Richard II. born at Bourdeaux 1367. succeeded his Grandfather and was Crown'd July 16. 1377. in the 11th Year of his Age. The Care of him was first committed to certain Bishops and Earls and lastly to Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick 1379. In the Year 1382.
born Feb. 11. 1466. design'd Wife to George Nevil Duke of Bedford promised afterwards to the Dauphin courted by her Uncle King Richard III. but at last married to King Henry VII 2. Cecilia to the Viscount VVells and after his decease to Kyme of Lincolnshire 3. Anne to Thomas Lord Howard afterwards Earl of Surrey and Duke of Norfolk 4. Bridget born Novemb. 10. 1480. profess'd in the Nunnery of Dartford 5. Mary promised in Marriage to the King of Denmark but died before its Consummation 6. Margaret born April 19. 1472. died in her Infancy 7. Catharine married to the Lord VVilliam Courtney Son to the Earl of Devonshire His Sons 1. Edward Prince of VVales born Nov. 4. 1470. 2. Richard Duke of York and Norfolk Earl of Nottingham and VVarren both murder'd by the procurement of the Duke of Gloucester their Uncle 1483. 3. George Duke of Bedford died an Infant His Natural Issue Arthur to whom he gave the Name of Plantagenet created Viscount Lisle by King Henry VIII 1523. and died 1542. As also one Daughter Elizabeth Plantagenet married to the Lord Lumley XVII Edward V. succeeded his Father in Title though not in the Crown for being not above Thirteen Years of Age at the death of his Father Sir Anthony VVoodvile Lord Rivers his Mother's Brother was appointed Governour to him and with Richard Gray Marquess of Dorset his Half-brother by the Mother sent to conduct him from Ludlow where he then was to London And on this the Duke of Gloucester his Uncle lays the Foundation of his design'd Usurpation and in order to it there having been some secret Grudge between Edward Duke of Buckingham his Creature and VVilliam Lord Hastings then Lord Chamberlain both Enemies of the Queen's he first reconciles them and then rells them how unreasonable it was that the young King their Master should be in the hands of his Mother's Kinred a new Nobility a thing neither Honourable to his Majesty nor them Whereupon it is agreed That they be remov'd as Enemies On this Gloucester and Buckingham meet the King with all Obedience at Stony Stratford and having secur'd the Lord Rivers and Dorset whom they shortly after beheaded at Powfret bring him to London May 4. 1483. the Queen upon hearing what had pass'd having with her younger Son and Daughters taken sanctuary at Westminster On which the Duke of Gloucester is made Protector of the Realm The next device was how to get the young Duke out of his Mother's hands which she as suspecting the design will by no means consent to However at last what with the Assurance of several of the Privy Council for his safety and Threats of forcing the Sanctuary for him he is deliver'd to the Protector who with all seeming joy brings him to the King his Brother into the Bishop of London's Palace at St. Paul's and thence honourably through the City for the King's security as was given out until his Coronation The Protector all along had made his residence near the Tower and having so tangled Buckingham that he could not safely get off he comes to the point with him on which it is agreed between them That the Protector should have the Duke's aid to make him King and that the Protector 's Son should marry the Duke's Daughter with a Grant to himself of the Earldom of Hereford which he claimed as his Inheritance but could never obtain it in King Edward's time Whereupon Buckingham undertakes for the City with whom he was not the least popular The King now having his Court in the Tower the Council meet there for ordering the Solemnity of his Coronation which was carried on with such forwardness and the Day appointed for it so near at hand that all Mistrust was visibly set aside 'till the Protector having pump'd the Lord Chamberlain by his Friend Catesby and finding no good to be done on him came into the Council June 13. and knitting his Brows arrested him as a Traitor for that he with his Brother's Wife the Queen had attempted his Life by Sorcery And therewith giving a knock a Guard came in who by the Protector 's Command forthwith carried him out and struck off his Head and severally secur'd the rest of the Council Whereupon sending for some of the Chief of the City he made them a fair Tale How himself and the Duke of Buckingham were to have been destroy'd in Council by a Conspiracy of the Lord Chamberlain's And returns them with an Herauld and a Proclamation in the King's Name to satisfie the People There was at that time one Sir Edmond Shaw Lord Mayor of London who upon promise of advancement had been made to their Party as also one Doctor John Shaw Brother to the Mayor and Doctor John Penker Provincial of the Augustine Friars both noted Preachers but of more Fame than either Vertue or Learning And these are the Men must make that Gospel to the People which Catesby had undertaken for Law to the Kingdom And having receiv'd their Instructions accordingly Shaw begins at St. Paul's Cross the Sunday after where upon that Text Spuria Vitulamina c The Bastard-Slips shall not take root he signify'd to the People That not only King Edward IV. and his Brother George Duke of Clarence were not the very Sons of Richard Duke of York but begotten in Adultery on the Dutchess their Mother But that the now King Edward and his Brother Richard Duke of York were both Bastards inasmuch as their Father King Edward IV. at the time that he married the Lady Elizabeth Gray their Mother was precontracted to the Lady Elizabeth Lucy who was his lawful Wife before God Then turning his Discourse to the Protector and his Title render'd him the express Image of the Noble Duke his Father and the very Right Heir of his Body begotten Yet all this took so little with the People that Penker was reserv'd 'till after the Coronation at which time he so lost his Voice that he was forc't to come down in the midst of his Sermon The Tuesday following the Mayor Aldermen and Commoners being assembled in the Guild-Hall the Duke of Buckingham came among them and having rak'd together whatever could be thought of against King Edward IV. and his Government he recapitulated Shaw's Sermon magnified the Protector and his Title to them and concluded from the whole Vae Regno c. Wo to that Realm that hath a Child to its King Neither had this also any effect upon them 'till a pack'd Company at the other end of the Hall throwing up their Bonnets and crying King Richard King Richard the Mayor took it by the end and said it was so goodly and joyful to hear so full a Cry and no one gainsaying it that he would represent it to the Protector the next Morning which accompanied with all the Aldermen and Chief Commoners of the City in their Formalities and conducted by the Duke of Buckingham he accordingly did And the Protector Good Man so utterly refus'd that
the before-mention'd Lady Jane who with her Husband were arraign'd and attainted Nov. 3. next ensuing as also was Archbishop Cranmer The beginning of January following the Emperour Charles V. sent over Ambassadours fully impower'd to treat and conclude a Marriage between Queen Mary and Philip Prince of Spain his Son and Heir which afterwards took effect But this Match being not so well relish'd by the Commons nor much better by some of the Nobility it was confederated between them to raise a War rather than suffer such a Change of State as they doubted might follow by the Queen 's thus Matching her self with a Stranger The first that appear'd in it was Sir Tho. Wiat a powerful Man in Kent The occasion thus A near Friend of his one of the Conspirators was committed to the Fleet by the Council for other matters whereupon Sir Thomas suspecting that the Plot was discover'd ran into Arms before the time that had been appointed between them However having gotten a strong Party together he publish'd a Declaration at Maidstone in Kent against the said Marriage and thereby desired his Friends and all English Men to join with him and others to defend the Realm from the danger of being brought in Thraldom to Strangers Whereupon several considerable Persons with their Followers came in to him And the Duke of Suffolk made the like Proclamation in Leicester Nor wanted the Queen on the other hand such as gather'd as fast to suppress them for the Lord Abergavenny having oppos'd him in Kent and Coventry shut their Gates against the Duke of Suffolk there seem'd nothing to the contrary but the Duke of Norfolk by this time gone down against him must have swallow'd him as probably he had done but that 500 of the London White-Coats that went with him revolted and took part with Wiat. Upon which the Duke made what retreat he could and Wiat went on for London but being beaten off at London-Bridge he got over at Kingston and was so encounter'd from Park Corner to St. James's and thence to Charing-Cross and through the Strand that being not able to make further than Temple-Earr where he met a fresh Opposition he deliver'd himself and was sent to the Tower Feb. 7. following and in two days after the Duke of Suffolk The Lord Guilford Dudley and the Lady Jane his Wife behead the 12th and the 23d of the same Month the Duke himself and Sir Thomas Wiat headed and quartered but neither drawn nor hang'd April 11. 1555. his Head set upon the Gallows and his Quarters about the City After which the Marriage between the Queen and Prince Philip of Spain was openly solemniz'd July 25. the same Year and a Parliament open'd Novemb. 12. following in which Reginald Pool Cardinal Legate à Latere from Pope Julius III. not many days before landed in England was restor'd in Blood and the Act of Henry VIII by which he was attainted repealed and the Kingdom reconcil'd and absolv'd the 29th of the same Month but not before an Act had first pass'd for securing Abbey-Lands in the hands of the present Possessors and the Cardinal made Archbishop of Canterbury the March following In the Year 1557. the Queen to compliment her Husband proclaim'd a War against France and at the same time held Callice so unprovided that the Duke of Guise â—in revenge of the Loss of St. Quintin surpriz'd it and took it in a Week's time after it had been in the English possession 211 Years It was said that the Queen was with Child and a solemn Office appointed to be used in all Churches for her safe Delivery but it prov'd a Mola or false Conception of which shedied without Issue Novemb. 17. 1558. in the Thirty ninth Year of her Age and Sixth of her Reign And the same day died the said Cardinal Pool a younger Son of Sir Richard Pool Knight of the Garter by the Lady Elizabeth Countess of Salisbury Daughter of George Duke of Clarence Brother of King Edward IV. and left the Kingdom reconcil'd as hath been said Yet this hindred not but that XXIII The Lady Elizabeth Half Sister to Queen Mary by the Father a Protestant was proclaim'd Queen and Crown'd Jan. 25. following She rescinded whatever the Queen her Sister had done in matters of Religion and proceeded upon what her Brother King Edward VI. had begun Amongst the rest she suppress'd such Religious Houses as were a-new set up by Queen Mary as Sion Sheen Westminster c. This last Monastery was in the Year 1539. surrender'd to Henry VIII who erected thereof a Dean and Chapter and in 1542. rais'd it to a Bishoprick of which he made Thomas Thâ—â—â—bye the first Bishop who prov'd the last also for the Queen made it a College consisting of a Dean Twelve Prebends a Schoolmaster an Usher Forty Scholars Twelve Almsmen and named it the Collegiate Church of Westminster The Reformation of Edward VI. in England had by this time reach'd Scotland which the Queen Dowager by assistance of the French strongly oppos'd and many of the Scots Nobility on the other hand make suit to Queen Elizabeth under the Name of The Lords of the Congregation for her Aid against Popery and them which was readily granted and a considerable Army sent into Scotland 1560. where after various Fortune on either side and the death of the Queen Dowager of Scotland a Peace was concluded between Queen Elizazeth and Francis and Mary King and Queen of France and Scotland about July following immediately after which died the said Francis leaving his Crown to his younger Brother Charles and the said Mary Queen of Scotland Queen Dowager of France who though laid wait for to be intercepted took the opportunity of a Mist and got safely into Scotland 1562. from whence she sent Letters to Queen Elizabeth proffering all observance and readiness to enter into League with her so she might by Authority of Parliament be declar'd her Successor which was but her Right To which the Queen answer'd That though she would no way derogate from her Right yet she should be loth to endanger her own Security and as it were cover her Eyes with a Grave-Cloth while she was alive And here began the Jealousies of State between the two Queens the one doubting her Succession was intended to be frustrated and the other That her Possession might be invaded And yet they kept it so fair with each other that the Queen of Scots being in 1563. follicited by her Uncle the Cardinal of Lorrain to a Marriage with Charles Archduke of Austria with an Offer of the Arrears of her Dowry and a Restauration of the Scots to their former Liberties in France which by the death of her Uncle the Duke of Guise had been broken in case she would adhere to the French against whom the Queen of England had about that time assisted the Hugonots she gives her notice of it and requires her Advice in it Queen Elizabeth on the other hand persuades her to take a
Quarter'd the Arms thereof Henry V. Conquer'd most of the Kingdom Henry VI. was Crown'd King of France in Paris 1432. James VI. King of Scotland made an Accesion of that Crown to England 1603. and first Quarter'd the Arms of England and Ireland â—ith those of Scotland Beside which the English have superadded several Plantations in America as Virginia 1584. the Bermudaes 1591. Barbadoes Nowingland 1606. Mary-land about 1632. Jamaica 1656. Besides Nova Scotia one half of 〈◊〉 Christopher's Hudson's Bay Now-York Carclina Pensylvania Several other Places of Trade also in the East-India's and Tangier in Africa 1668. but demolish'd in as not worth the charge 〈◊〉 keeping it Of its Decreasings § IX THe greatest Loss it receiv'd has been from France for whereas about the Year 1432. what by Hereditary Right what by Marriages what by Conquest and Submission of the People it had in a manner the whole Kingdom It lost in 1450. not only its New Acquests but Hereditary Provinces to Charles VII King of France who by means of the Civil Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster so forc'd the English out of France that they retain'd only Callice which also was lost by Queen Mary 1558. However it yet continues the Title and Arms of France other than which it makes no Pretensions nor have those been set on foot for near 150 Years last past CHAP. IV. Of the House of Denmark § I. THere is nothing more certain than that the Danes have had their peculiar Kings for many Ages past whom Historians generally distinguish by eight Periods See Pontanus's Danish History lib. 7. and Beckman's Civil History c. 5 Sect. 6. The Seventh of these Periods is that of the Suenonidae or English-Danes so called from Sueno or Swain-Ethrick whose Ancestors according to Saxo the Grammarian in the 10th Book of his Danish History had a Bear for their first Progenitors For he says That Ulso who was Sueno's Father had one Ursus or Biorno for his Grandfather begot by the monstrous Copulation of a Wild Beast with a young Virgin About the Year 1346. Woldemar the Third descended of this Family was King of Denmark who after a Peace made with Schmeek Magnus King of Sueden brought the Country of Scandinavia under his Jurisdiction in the Year 1360. afterwards in 1363. he obtained Gotland also upon another Peace then concluded with King Albert. He had also Wars with the Hans-Town and dyed 1375. leaving only a Daughter named Margaret whom he gave in Marriage to Haquin second Son of Erick King of Sweden by whom she had Issue Olaus the Sixth who upon his Father Haquin's Decease which happened in 1380. succeeded both to Denmark and Sweden as well as Norway but dyed an untimely Death seven Years after viz. 1387. Whereupon the Government by the consent of the Nobility of Denmark and Norway return'd to Queen Margaret but the Swedes elected Albertus Duke of Mecklenburgh to be their King with whom Queen Margaret was soon engag'd in a War being provoked thereunto by him wherein proving Victorious and taking him Prisoner caused her self to be elected Queen An. 1396. She adopted for her Successor Prince Erick Son of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania and Grandson of her Sister Ingeburg Wife of Henry the Second Duke of Mecklenburg by her Daughter Mary who at a Convention of the States held at Calmar in 1397. was elected King of the Three Northern Crowns an Hereditary Union being then made by which it was Enacted that for the future the Three Northern Kingdoms should be Govern'd by one and the same Scepter As for Queen Margaret the Danish Semiramis for so she is often stiled she departed this Life in the Year 1412. After which King Erick not so well acquainted with the Arts of Governing as she had been soon drew upon himself the Odium of his People insomuch that in the Year 1439. he was depos'd by 'em and had his Crowns taken from him chiefly on pretence that he had not observ'd his Promises nor kept his Coronation Oath but rather on the contrary opposed a Free Election by naming Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania to succeed him In his room they substituted Prince Christopher his Sister Sophia's Son by her Husband John Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Bavaria which Christopher died without Issue 1448. notwithstanding he had Married Dorothy Daughter of John Marquess of Brandenburg and by this means put an end to the ancient Royal Family of Denmark § II. In this state of Affairs they Elected Adolph Earl of Holstein to be King but he modestly declined the Crown when offered either out of a consideration of the Infirmity of his great Age or else doubtful what might be the success of the Danish Affairs But withal earnestly recommended to their choice Christian Count Oldenburg his Sister's Son who was thereupon Elected and Crowned King by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility as we shall show more at large in the following § 'T will here be expected we should give some account of the Original of this Family of Oldenburg but indeed it is so hid in the Clouds if we may so say by reason of its great Antiquity that little of certainty can be picked out For altho' it be the common Tradition that it is deriv'd from the Posterity of Witikin the Saxon and namely from the Counts of Ringelheim yet Reinerus Renneccius and others think it most advisable to leave things as they find 'em and affirm nothing in so doubtful a matter However they say that towards the end of the Tenth Century one Otho was Earl of Oldenburg who had a certain wonderful Horn given him by a Spirit or Apparition which is to be seen to this day in the Castle of Oldenburg and that he was Father of John Conrade and Rixa That John begat Huno the Glorious Father of Frederick who in the end became a Monk and left a Will by which he made his Cozen Elimar his Heir which Elimar was Son to his great Aunt Rixa by her Husband Hoio Lord of Friezland in Pottenburg and Memmenburg whose Pedigree they also derive from the above-named Witikin That Elimar by Virtue of this Will possess'd himself of the Earldom notwithstanding all the opposition of Milo Count Alvensleb Grand-son of the above-named Conrade and so became the first Count of Oldenburg of his Line Amongst this Princess's Children we find mention made of Elimar the Second who begat Christian the Warlike Father of Maurice by his Wife Cunigund Countess of Locken which Maurice after manifest proofs of his Courage on all occasions retired to a Monastery and was succeeded in the County by his Son Christian the Second Christian the Second had Issue 1. John the First of whom by and by again 2. Otho the Third who by his Charter erected the Town of Delmenhorstan into a City and Founded the Cathedral there An. 1265. 3. Theodorick or Diderick Elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia An. 1335. in the 80th Year of
his Age. John the Eldest of these Three had two Sons I. Christian the Third who in the Division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother had the County of Delmenherstan for his Patrimony in which he was succeeded by his Son Christian whose Grand-Daughter Adelheid by his Son Otho the Simple was married to Theodorick or Diderick the happy Earl of Oldenburg II. John the Second who in the division aforesaid had the County of Oldenburg settled on him and was Father of Conrade by his Wife Margaret Countess of Lippe Conrade begat Christian the Fifth Canon of Cologne who seeing his Brother Maurice like to die with Issue Male quitted his Canonry and married Agnes of Hohenstein by whom he had 1. Christian the Sixth taken and Imprisoned by the Inhabitants of Bremen and not dismissed but on very hard terms he afterwards died without Issue And 2. Theodorick or Diderick the Happy who by a Marriage with his Cozen Adelheid Heiress of Delmenhorst reunited the two Counties After her Decease he took a Second Wife namely Hedewig Sister of Adolph Earl of Holstein who bore him three Sons Christianus the First born 1425. Maurice and Gerrard § III. Of these Christian the First as has been already observed in the beginning of the last § was elected King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1448. and ten Years after of Sweden also tho' he lost that Kingdom again in a few Years after He purchased the County of Holstein for 34000. and restored that of Sleswick to the Crown He likewise obtain'd of the Emperour Frederick the Third the Investiture of the Dutchy of Holstein and open'd an University at Copenhagen on the first of June 1479. His Queen was Dorothy the Relict of his Predecessor King Christopher by whom he had this following Issue 1. Margaret given in Marriage to James the Third King of Scotland together with the Isles of Orkney lying in the Northern Seas as security for her Dowry which was to be Fifty Thousand Florins 2. John born 1455. And 3. Frederick of whom more in the next Sect. John succeeded his Father in the Throne and was Crown'd King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1483. About five or six Years after he reduced Sweden and was Crown'd there also He once more separated the Dutchy of Holstein and Sleswick from the Crown and divided them 'twixt him and his Brother Frederick In 1500 he suffered a great defeat from the Rebellious Inhabitants of Dietmarsh and was also outed by the Swedes some time after In the Year 1513. he departed this Life of a Fever which he took by a fall from his Horse in the Water leaving Issue by Queen Christina Daughter of Ernestus Elector of Sax. only one Son and a Daughter namely I. Elizabeth born 1455. Married to Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburgh 1502. Deceased a Widow 1555. II. Christianus the Second born 1481. The undutiful Son of a most Indulgent Father whose Curse at length he drew upon his Head In his Father's Life-time he was elected to succeed him in his Kingdoms of Denmark Norway and Sweden His Paramour was the fair Columbula whom he kept with a certain Old Woman named Sigberta wholly enslaving himself to her Will He refused the Proposals of a Reconciliation with his Uncle Frederick in the Year 1519. and making an Expedition into Sweden seized on the Capital City of Stockholm caused himself to be Crown'd King and was Author of the bloody Slaughter there Afterwards he was Outed of all his Kingdoms and forced to fly into the Low-Countries from whence returning he was seized and confined by his Subjects and at length ended his Days in 1559. in the Seventy Eighth Year of his Age. The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Isabella Sister to the Emperour Charles the Fifth by whom he had only two Daughters that out-liv'd him his Son John dying in the Hungarian Service ' gainst the Turks An. 1532. The Daughters names were 1. Dorothy born 1515 married to Frederick the Second Elector Palatine Deceased 1580. And 2. Christina born 1573 whose first Husband was Francis Storza Duke of Milan and after his Decease Francis Duke of Lorrain She dyed 1590. § IV. We must now look back to Frederick the First elected King of Donmark and Norway in the Year 1523. by the unanimous consent of the Nobility upon their rejecting King Christian This Prince abrogated the Act of Hereditary Union of the Three Northern Cowns in the Year 1524. at a Convention of the States then held at Malmugen He made Profession of the Reformed Religion and after he had thrown out the Monks in 1527. introduced the same into his Countries He was twice married his first Wife being Anne Daughter of John Cicero Elector of Brandenburg who dyed 1521. And his second Sophia Daugher of Bogâ—slans the Tenth Duke of Pemeranta Deceased 1568. By these he had Issue I. Dorothy born 1494. Married to Albert Duke of Prussia Deceased 1547. II. Christianus the Third born 1503. of whom more in the next Sect. III. John Surnam'd The Elder born 1521. Deceased without Issue 1580. IV. Elizabeth Married in 1542. to Magnus and after his Decease in 1556. to Ulrick Dukes of Meckleburg she dyed 1586. V. Anne Deceased of the Plague VI. Dorothy Married to Christopher Duke of Meckelburg in 1573. Deceased 1575. VII Adolph the First Duke of Sleswick born 1526. of whom more hereafter in the Ducal Line of Sleswick VIII Frederick Bishop of Hildesheim born 1529. Deceased Oct. the 27th 1556. § V. Of these Christian the Third succeeded to the Throne about the Year 1537. the beginning of whose Reign was perplexed with many Difficulties all which he Master'd in the end He established the Reformed Religion throughout his Dominions and caused the Holy Bible to be Translated into the Daniso Tongue and above all made it his chiefest care to enjoy a peaceable and quiet Reign He departed this Life 15â—â— leaving behind him the Character and Example of a Devout Peaceable and Excellent Prince By his second Marriage which was with Dorothy Daughter of Magnus Duke of Sax-Lawenburg he had live Children the Daughters being Anne and Dorothy the first Married to Augustus Elector of Saxony the other to Ulrick Duke of Lunenburg The Sons names were 1. Magnus Bishop of Derpte in Livonia who with the assistance of the Russe attempted but in vain the Reduction of Livonta He departed this Life in Poland An. 1585. leaving only a Daughter who being carried into Muscovy by her Mother who was John Basilides the Czaâ—'s Daughter was there Educated and Married to Albert Janowitz Lord High Chancellor of that Country 2. John the Second Progenitor of the Ducal Line of Holstein of whom more in the Eleventh Section And 3. Frederick the Second Eldest of the Three tho' last named who succeeded to the Throne after his Father's Decease in the Year 1559. This Prince gave the Isle of hay to Tycho Brahe that he might the better be at leisure to make
John of Holstein was Philip Propagator of the Branch of Glucksburg whose Wife Sophia Hedewig of Sax-Lawenburg bore him Eleven Children whereof Five were short-liv'd the rest being 1. Christian born 1627. who lives in the Castle of Glucksburg with his Three Sons Philip Ernestus born 1673. Joachim Adolph 1679. And Christian Augustus 1681. 2. Mary Elizabeth born 1628. married to George Albert Marquess of Brandenburg-Culmbach 1651. deceased 1604. 3. Sophia Hedewig married to Maurice Duke of Saxon-Zeitz She died 1652. 4. Augusta espoused by her Cousin-Germain Ernestus Gunther of Augsburg 1651. 5. Christina born 1634. and married to Christian Duke of Sax Mersburg 1650. And 6. Dorothy married first to Christian Lewis Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg and after his decease to Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg An. 1668. She died 1689. Of the Branch of Ploen § XV. IT remains we now speak of the Branch of Ploen which was propagated by Joachim Ernestus Duke John's Fourth Son who died in the Eightieth Year of his Age An. 1671. The Issue of his Body now living are 1. John Adolph born 1634. the Husband of Dorothy Sophia Daughter of Rudolph Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he has had Three Sons namely Adolph Augustus born 1680. Joachim Ernestus 1681. deceased the same Year And John Ulrick 1684. 2. Augustus born 1636. sometime Administrator of Magduburg Father of Two Sons by his Wife the Princess Charlotte Elizabeth of Anhalt whose names are Joachim Frederick born 1668. and Christian Charles born 1674. 3 Joachim Ernestus born 1637. General of the Foreign Horse in the Service of the Spanish Netherlands Of the Ducal Line of Sleswick § XVI 'T Is now time to treat of the Ducal Line of Sleswick the Author whereof was Adolph youngest Son of King Frederick the First born 1526. who by the assistance of his Nephew King Frederick the Second overthrew the Rebels of Dietmarsh and made them subject to his Government and thro' the whole course of his Life highly approved his Courage on many other occasions Moreover he was Consecrated Bishop of Slewick and Hildesheim At his Death he was succeeded in his Dutchy by his Son John Adolph who had been Arch-Bishop of Bremen and Bishop of Lubeck ever since the Year 1585. which Provinces however he made over to his Brother John Frederick upon his coming to be Duke In 1603. he had Homage done him by the Hamburgers as Duke of Horstein His Sons were 1. Adolph Slain at the Battel of Leipsick 1631. 2. John Consecrated Bishop of Lubeck deceased 1655. leaving only one Son named John Augustus who being weak in his Intellects lives under the Wardship of his Cousin-Germain the present Bishop of Lubeck And 3. Frederick eldest of the Three tho' last named who succeeded his Father Anno 1616. This Prince very much inlarged the publick Library and built the City Frederickstadt Moreover he sent an Embassie to the Courts of Muscovy and Persia and in 1658. took off the Feudatory Obligation which till then lay on the Dutchy of Sleswick to the Crown of Denmark He departed this Life in the Year 1659. having had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John George the first Elector of Saxony who died 1684. and by her this following Issue 1. Magdalen Sibilla born 1631. and married to Gustavus Adolphus Duke of Meckleburg Gustrow 2. Hedewig Eleanor born 1636. the now Relict of Charles Gustavus late King of Sweden 3. Anne Dorothy born 1640. as yet unmarried 4. Augusta Maria given in Marriage to Frederick Magnus Marquess of Baden Durlach An. 1670. 5. Christian Albert the present Duke born Feb. the 3d. 1641. who succeeded his Father and in 1665. opened an University at Kiel In 1676. he lost the whole Dutchy of Sleswick but the difference being some Years after amicably made up 'twixt him and the King of Denmark 't was again restored him by His Majesty An. 1689. His Dutchess is Fredâ—rica Amalia Sister to the present K. of Dermark by whom he has Issue Sophia Amalia 1670. Frederick 1671. Christian Augustus 1673 And Mary Elizabeth 1678. 6. Augustus Frederick the present Bishop of Laiveck who has taken to Wife Christina Daughter of Augustus late Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Magdeburg but in all appearance like to have no Issue by her CHAP. V. Of the House of Sweden § I. ABout the beginning of the last Century the Nobility of Sweden grown weary of the Tyranny of Christian the Second King of Denmark elected Gustavus Son of Erick of Wasa à Grypsholm first Governour then Duke and last of all in the Year 1523. King of Sweden Gothland and the Vandals at which time he had a sharp War with the Danes as also with the Russe tho' afterwards he had Peace with the first He had also a dispute with the City Lubeck in Saxony and departed this Life in the Year 1660. His Queens were Mary Daughter of Erick Abraham of Laholm and Catharine Daughter of Gustavus Governour of West-Gothland by which Ladies he had Issue Three Sons Erick John and Charles Erick the Fourteenth of the Name succeeding his Father in the Throne was Crown'd in the Year 1561. and had Wars with the Panes and Pole He committed his Brother John to Custody and marrying Catharine a Woman of a base Birth and his Concubine before caused her to he Crown'd Queen at Stockholm An. 1568. upon which falling into the contempt and hatred of his Brethren he was the Year following seized and Imprisoned together with his new Concubine Queen in the very Castle of Stockholm Hereupon the Government descended to John the Third second Son of Gustavus by his Wife Mary of Laholm This Prince in 1570. concluded the Peace of Stetin with the Danes as also with the City Lubeck but continued the War with the Czar His Son Sigismund by Catharine Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland was Crown'd King of Poland Dec. 17. 1587. Himself died 1592. having first secured the Succession of Sweden to his Son Sigismund who was accordingly Crown'd Feb. 19. 1594. tho' the Swedish Nobility renounc'd their Allegiance five Years after viz 1699. and deprived him of the Kingly Dignity substituting in his place his Uncle Charles the Ninth Third Son of the above named Gustavus and Brother by the same Mother to the late King John the Third under whom a War immediately broke out with the Poles for Liffland which afterwards gave rise to another bloody One with the Danes There was surviving at this time another Son of John the Third's by his Wife Gunilla Daughter of John Bielk whose name was also John He was created Duke of Finland and East-Gothland and died without Issue 1618. notwithstanding he had married Mary Elizabeth Daughter to his Uncle Charles the Ninth § II. Upon which Charles and his Posterity of both Sexes the Crown was settled Sigismund and his Race being excluded for ever He was Crown'd in the Year 1607. having been Governour of the Common-wealth now more than seven Years His
an Earldom together with his natural Daughter Theresia to Wife nevertheless with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoak and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be Proclaimed King of Portugal about the Year 1139. And departed this Life 1185. leaving for his Successor Sanctius the First Father of Alphonso the Second who died in the Year 1223. and was succeeded by Sanctius the Second who dying without Issue in the Year 1246. the Crown fell to his Brother Alphonso the Third This Alphonso had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile and was Father of Denys of whose eminent Vertues and great Actions the Pertuguese to this day relate Wonders It was he that Founded the University of Coimbra and died in the Year 1325. His Son was Alphonso the Fourth who begat Peter or Pedro Father of Ferdinand King of Portugal who after many bloody Engagements with the Moors ended his days without Issue in the Year 1333. § II. Hereupon followed an Interregnum of almost two Years continuance when by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility John the Bastard natural Son of Peter mentioned in the precedent Section was Proclaim'd King and had Issue 1. Henry born 1401. 2. Peter Duke of Coimbra put to death by his Nephew King Alphonso the Fifth in the Year 1449. 3. Ferdinand taken Prisoner by those of Barbary and carried into Africk where he died 1443. 4. Henry who first discovered the Madera Island in 1420. and died 1460. 5. Alphonso the Bastard Duke of Braganza a natural Son deceased 1461. Edward the Eldest who succeeded in the Throne married Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand King of Castile and died of the Plague in the Year 1438. leaving Issue Two Sons 1. Alphonso the Fifth born 1432. And 2. Ferdinand Infant of Portugal and Duke of Visco deceased 1470. Alphonso the Fifth at his Father's death ascended the Throne and had sharp and frequent Wars with the Moors as also with Ferdinand the Catholick King of Castile His Death bears date 1481. at which time he was succeeded by his Son 1. John the Second who notwithstanding he had taken his Cousin-Germain the Lady Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand Duke of Visco to be his Queen yet had he no Issue that out-liv'd him his only Son Alphonso coming to an accidental Death in the Year 1491. whereas himself Surviv'd till 1495. Look we back therefore to Ferdinand Duke of Visco and his Posterity whose Male Issue were 1. James Duke of Visco put to death in the Year 1484. by his Cousin-Germain King John the Second 2. Emanuel 1469. § III. This Emanuel after the Death of King John the Second was Crowned King of Portugal in the Year 1495. He expelled the Moors out of his Countries and obliged the Jews to profess the Christian Faith He subdued great part of the East-Indies and planted Brasil with Colonies from Portugal His first Queen was Isabel Daughter to his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain His second Mary Isabella's Sister And his last Eleanor Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain married afterwards to Francis the First King of France By the first Lady he had Issue only one Son Prince Michael who had he liv'd wou'd have Heired all the Spanish Territories But by the second and third Venture 1. John the Third the no less happy Successor of a Fortunate Father born 1502. married to Catharine Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain by whom he had Issue John Infant of Portugal deceased before his Father who died not till the Year 1557. At which time there was surviving of the Body of John Infant of Portugal by Joan his Wife Daughter of Charles the Fifth Emperour and King of Spain Prince Sebastian a Child about Three Years of Age born 1554. who succeeded his Grand-Father John the Third in the Kingdom of Portugal This unfortunate Prince some Years after making a descent upon Africk perished there with his whole Army Aug. the 4th 1578. 2. Isabella born 1503. married to Charles the Fifth Emperor and King of Spain 1526. deceased 1593. 3. Henry born 1512 promoted to a Red-Hat 1546. And afterwards upon the most unhappy death of his Nephew Sebastian to be King of Portugal but died 1580. 4. Edward Infant of Portugal born 1515. deceased 1540. whose Wife was Isabel Daughter of James Duke of Braganza by whom he had Issue Catharine married to John Duke of Braganza whose Grandson became afterwards possessed of the Crown of Portugal as will appear in the next Section 5. Lewis Infant of Portugal deceased 1555. leaving only a natural Son called Antonio who upon the death of his Uncle Henry was elected King 15 But being in the same Year beat out of his Country by Philip the Second King of Spain fled into France and ended his days at Paris An. 1595. § IV. Thus fell the Government into the hands of the Spaniards for Philip the Second partly because he was Son of Isabella Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal and partly because he had married Mary Daughter of John the Third on these Pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom by force of Arms in the Year 1580. Nevertheless 't was again lost by his Grandson in the Year 1640. for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoak elected John Duke of Braganza to be their King This Prince born March 19. 1604. was descended of the Posterity of Alphonso the first Duke of Braganza who was natural Son of John the First King of Portugal as you may see by looking back to the second Section Numb 5. And his Grand-mother was Catharine Daughter of Edward Infant of Portugal mention'd by us in the precedent Section Numb 4. He governed the State of Portugal from 1640. till 1656. in which Year he departed this Life Nov. 6. His Queen was Donna Lucia Daughter of John Emanuel Perez de Gusman Duke of Medina Sidonia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Theodosius Infant of Portugal deceased 1653. 2. Catharine born at Villa Vicosa Nov. 15. O. S. 1638. and espoused at Portsmouth by His late Majesty King Charles the Second in the Month of May 1662. 3. Alphonso the Sixth born 1643. who under the Regency of his Mother had sharp Wars with the Spaniards with whom at length he concluded a Peace in the Year 1668. In 1667. he took to Wife the Lady Mary Frances Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Amadeus de Savoy Duke of Nemours who after sixteen Months living with him procured a Divorce and retired to a Cloyster In 1668. he was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or the Government and sent the Year following to the Tercera Island where he ended his days 1683. 4. Peter born 1648. who upon his Brother Alphonso's being Deposed in 1668. was made first Regent and after his death King of Portugal By a
Country in which War Rupert himself was taken Prisoner by Rudolph Elector of Saxony but ransomed by the Emperor Charles the Fourth The day of his death hapned in 1390. and notwithstanding he were twice Married his first Wife being Elizabeth Countess of Namur his second Beatrix Dutchess of Bruges yet left he no Issue except a natural Son named Anselm Knight and Lord of Hemsbach § IV. Wherefore we must look back to Adolph the First surnamed The Simple who begat 1. Rupert the Second which Rupert had Wars with the Cities of Weteraw and Alsace in which he defeated their Forces He likewise severely punished several notorious Incendiaries of those Times In 1387. he repaired the University of Heidelberg and departed this Life 1398. His Princess was Beatrix Daughter of Frederick King of Arragon by whom he had Issue 1. Rupert the Third 2. Anne married to William Duke of Juliers And 3. Elizabeth to Procopius Marquess of Moravia Wenceslaus King of Bohemia being deposed from the Imperial Dignity Sept. 1. 1400. Rupert the Third was elected Emperor He gave Orders for Founding the Cathedral of the Holy Ghost at Heidelberg in which his Tomb and Epitaph are to be seen to this day He likewise made an Expedition into Italy but with bad Success His Empress was Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Sixth Burgrave of Norimberg who bore him this following Issue 1. Rupert the Fourth who by a Marriage with Elizabeth Daughter of John Earl of Sponheim was the first that Intituled his Family to that County Nevertheless he deceased before his Father and without Issue at Amberg An. 1395. 2. Lewis surnamed Barbatus or Long-beard 3. John the First who had Sultzbach in the Upper Palatinate for his Patrimony but of all his Sons only Prince Christopher liv'd to be of Age who in 1439. was Crowned King of Denmark Sweden and Norway partly by Election and partly in Right of his Mother who was Sister of King Erick descended of the Dukes of Meckleburg as we have already taken notice of in the first Paragraph of the Danish Family Nevertheless this Christopher died without Issue An. 1448. notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Dorothy Daughter of John the Alchymist Marquess of Brandenburg 4. Frederick who liv'd a Batchelor at Amberg in the Upper Palatinate 5. Stephen the First born 1385. of whom we shall make farther mention in the seventh Section 6. John Canon of Augsburg 7. Margaret married to Charles the Bold Duke of Lorrain 8. Agnes to Adolph Duke of Cleves She died 1404. 9. Elizabeth married to Frederick the Third of Austria deceased 1409. And. 10. Otho who obtained Mosbach and Newmark in the Upper Palatinate for his Portion where he had four Sons that out-liv'd him Otho who lead a single Life Rupert the Eighth Bishop of Ratisbonne John President of the Chapter of Ausburg And Albert Bishop of Strasburg § V. Lewis surnamed Barbatus who succeeded his Father in the Electoral Dignity had great Wars with the Turks in Palaestine as also with the Bishop of Mentz and Marquess of Baden in Germany He was President of the Council of Constance and in the Emperor's name commanded the Sentence there passed upon John Husse and Jerom of Prague to be put in Execution He likewise Imprison'd Pope John the Two and Twentieth deposed by the said Council In his old Age he began to learn the Latin-Tongue and departed this Life An. 1439. being merely worn out with Years and having first lost his Eye-sight His first Wife was Blanche Daughter of Henry the Fourth King of England And his second Maud Daughter of Amadeus Duke of Savoy By the English Lady he had Issue an only Son named 1. Rupert surnamed Anglicanus deceased before his Father An. 1426. But by the other 1. Lewis the Fourth surnamed The Mild his Father's Successor born 1424. In 1444. he had a War with Lewis Dauphin of France and died five Years after leaving Issue by Margaret Daughter of Amadeus Duke of Savoy Maud married to Lewis Earl of Wirtemburg and after his decease to Albert of Austria and Philip who succeeded his Uncle Frederick in the Electorate of whom more in the next Section 2. Frederick the First born 1425. who by reason of his Nephew Philip's Infancy obtain'd the Electoral Dignity for Life provided he should never Marry but adopt his said Nephew This Prince had many Wars during his Regency in which he generally got the better The Counts of Lutzelstein in Lorrain were beat out of their Country by him and his Cousin-Germain Prince Lewis of Deux-Ponts together with the Counts of Leiningen Bishop of Spire and some others suppressed Moreover he got the Victory in a Battel Fought against the united Forces of the Marquess of Baden Bishop of Metz and Earl of Wurtenburg He had also many Disputes with the Emperor Frederick the Third and would often refuse him Homage He lived with Clara à Tettingen as with a Wife from whom the Counts of Lowenstein have their descent And at last ended his days at Heidelberg Dec. 12. 1476. 3. Rupert the Sixth born 1427. elected Arch-Bishop of Cologne 1436. deceased 1479. § VI. Return we therefore to Philip the First surnamed The Sincere who grew up under the Tuition and Regency of his Uncle Frederick after whose decease he took the Government upon himself He created himself much mischief by supporting his Son Rupert's Title to the Lower Bavaria insomuch as he had like to have lost all his own Dominions on that Account Nevertheless was at length reconciled to the Emperor yet died of Grief Feb. 28. 1508. having seen himself the Father â—f Thirteen Children by his Wife Margaret Daughter of Lewis surnam'd The Rich Duke â—f Bavaria whose Names were as follow 1. Lewis the Fifth born July 2. 1478. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was a great Lover of Peace and Concord At the Dyet of Worms he publickly opposed the Papists who looked upon themselves as not obliged to observe the safe Conduct granted to such as should come hither on Luther's behalf Moreover he suppressed the Seditious Insurrections of the Country Boors by force of Arms. In 1532. he obtained the Peace of Religion which was the first that was ever granted those of the Reformation When the Imperial Crown was offered him he refused it and was highly esteem'd and belov'd by the Emperor Charles the Fifth Whilst he was yet a Papist he permitted a free Toleration of Religion to the Protestants He departed this Life March 16. 1544. having had to Wife Sibilla Daughter of Albert the Fourth Duke of Bavaria but by her no Issue 2. Philip the Second born May 7. 1480. Consecrated Bishop of Treising 1496. of Naumburg 1512. deceased 1541. 3. Rupert the Tenth surnamed The Vertuous born May 14. 1581. and Elected Bishop of Freising which Bishoprick he afterwards surrendred to his Brother Philip and married the sole Daughter and Heiress of George the Rich Duke of Bavaria which Match gave rise to a most bloody War 'twixt the
him Wolfgang William who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Newburg An. 1614. turned Papist the same Year and by that means was very uneasie to his Mother and Brethren He was embroiled in the Low-Country Wars for the Succession to the Dutchy of Juliers and departed this Life 1653. having had three Wives the first being Magdalen Daughter of William Duke of Bavaria deceased 1628. The second Catharine Charlotte Daughter of John the Second Dake of Deux Ponts deceased March 21. 1651. and the third Mary Frances Daughter of Francis Egon Earl of Furstenburg who died the same Yeat she was married viz. May 7. 1652. By the first of these Ladies he was Father of Philip William the present Duke born Nov. 24. 1615. who succeeded him at his Death An. 1643. In 1666. the difference 'twixt him and the Elector of Brandenburg touching their Right of Succession to the Dutchies of Cleves and Juliers was fairly accommodated after several sharp Disputes which at length ended in Blows After the decease of Charles Elector Palatine which hapned as hath already been said in 1685. He became possessed of the Electorate by Virtue of the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg Art 5. Nevertheless he has been since thrown Out contrary to all Law and Equity by the French King An. 1688. And altho' he had recovered many Places in It in the Year 1689. by the assistance of the Confederates yet he continues as yet at Newburg In 1642. he took to Wife the Princess Anne Catharine Constance Daughter of Sigismund the third King of Poland After whose decease An. 1651. he most happily contracted himself a second time in the Year 1653. to the Princess Elizabeth Amalia Daughter of George Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt his present Dutchess by whom he is Father of a fair Race of Princes their Names as follow 1. Eleanor Magdalen Theresia born at Dusseldorp Jan. 6. 1655. married Jan. 6. 1677. or Dec. 14. 1676. at Passau to the present Emperor Leopold the First 2. Mary Adelheid Anne born Jan. 6. 1656. deceased Dec. 23. in the Year following 3. Sophia Elizabeth born 1657. deceased 1658. 4. John William Joseph Prince Hereditary born at Dusseldorp Ap. 19. 1658. and married at Newstadt in Austria on Oct. 25. New-Stile 1678. to the Princess Mary Anne Joseph Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third by Eleanor of Mantua his third Wife In 1683 she was brought to Bed of a Boy but Still born In 1686. she Miscarried a second time after which she never had her Health well but died within three Years after at Vienne viz. Ap. 17 7. 1689. 5. George Wolfgang born 1659. and designed for Bishop of Breslaw but died June 3. 1683. 6. Lewis Anthony Grand Master of the Teutonick Order born at Dusseldorp July 9. 1660. 7. Charles Philip born Nov. 4. 1661. and married at Berlin on July 24. 1688. to Lovise Charlotte de Ratzeville Lewis Marquess of Brandenburg's Widow 8. Alexander Sigismund Dean of Augsburg and President of the Chapter of Constance born at Newburg Ap. 16. 1663. 9. Francis Lewis born at Newburg July 24. 1664. and elected Bishop of Breslaw Jan. 30. 1683. 10. Frederick William born at Dusseldorp July 20. 1665. 11. Mary Sophia Elizabeth born Aug. 6. 1666. and married in 1687. to Peter King of Portugal 12. Mary Anne born at Dusseldorp Oct. 28. 1667. and affianced to Charles the Second King of Spain Aug. 28. 1689 to which Prince she is now going to be sent 13. Philip William Augustus born Nov. 18. 1668. 14. Dorothy Sophia July 12. 1670. 15. Hedewig Elizabeth Amalia July 18. 1673 16. John deceased 1675. 17. Leopoldina Eleanor Sophia born May 27. 1679. Of the Branch of Sultzbach § XV. 'T Is now time that Augustus Propagator of this Branch again appear having been already mention'd by us in the beginning of the last Section Numb 5. His Wife was Hedewig Daughter of John Adolph Duke of Holstein who bore him 1. Anne Sophia married to Joachim Erneste Count Ettingen deceased 1675. 2. Christian Augustus born July 16. 1622. a Prince of as many and as great both natural and acquired Accomplishments as humane Nature is capable of His Princess was Amalia of Nassau who departed this Life 1669. having born him Issue as followeth 1. Hedewig Augusta born 1650. married to Julius Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg deceased 1681. 2. Amalia Sophia a Professed Nun born 1651. 3. Julianus Augustus born 1654. deceased 1657. 4. Christian Ferdinand born 1656. deceased 1658. And 5. Theodore born Feb. 14. 1659. the Joy and Hopes of his aged Parent 3. Adolph Frederick decease 1624. 4. Augusta Sophia born 1624. she was married to Wenceslaus Duke de Lobkowitz and died 1682. 5. John Lewis deceased 1649. And 6. Philip born Jan. 19. 1630. whose Courage and Conduct in Military Affairs is sufficiently known to all Europe He has hitherto lived a Batchellor Of the Line of Deux-Ponts § XVI PRince John second Son of Wolfgang Duke of Newburg and Deux Ponts of whom we spoke in the thirteenth Section was Author of the new Line of Deux-Ponts his Wife being Magdalen Daughter of William Duke of Cleve Juliers and Mons by whom he had seven Children which we shall set down in the following Order 1. Lewis William born 1580. deceased 1581. 2. Mary Elizabeth born 1581. married to George Gustavus Count Palatine of Veldentz and Lautereck deceased 1637. 3. Anne Jacobea born 1582. deceased the Year following 4. Anne Magdalen deceased in her Infancy 5. John the Second born 1584. of whom again a little below 6. Frederick Casimire born 1585. whose usual Residence was at Landsberg where he left an only Son surviving at his death which happened in 1645. born him by his Wife the Princess Amalia Daughter to William Prince of Orange An. 1619. and named 1. Frederick which Frederick succeeded in 1661. by Right of Inheritance to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts upon the decease of his Cousin Frederick without Issue Male as you will see below Nevertheless he lost it again in the last French War and departed this Life April 1. 1681. leaving only two Daughters notwithstanding the numerous Issue he had born him by his Wife the Princess Juliana Magdalen of Deux-Ponts his Cousin-Germain Their names are 1. Charlotte Amalia born 1653. and affianced to John Philip Count Isenburg And 2. Elizabeth Christina born 1656. and married in 1678. to Emico Count de Leiningen 7. John Casimire born 1589. of whom more below We now return to John the Second who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts This Prince obtained of the Emperor a Power to Sit and Vote in the Diets of the Empire and dyed in the Year 1635. having had to his first Wife Catharine Daughter of Renatus Count Roven deceased 1607. and by her a Daughter named Magdalen Catharine who was married to Christian the First of Birckenfeldt and died 1648. His second Dutchess was Lovise Juliana Daughter of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine deceased 1640. or 1637. by which last Lady
he had Issue as followeth 1. Elizabeth Lovise Lady Abbess of Hervorden born 1613. 2. Frederick born Ap. 5. 1614. deceased 1661. His Princess was Anne Juliana of Nassan by whom he had Issue only Daughters namely 1. Elizabeth born 1642. married to Victor Amadeus Prince of Anhult 1667. deceased Ap. 17. 1677. 2. Sophia Amalia born 1646. and married in 1678. to Sigfrid Count de Hobenlâ—â— 3. Charlotte Frederica born 1653. and espoused to William Lewis Count Wherefore Frederick dying without Issue Male the Succession to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts fell to his Consin-Germain Frederick of Landsberg mentioned by us a little above 3. Catharine Charlotte born 1615. married to Wolfgang William Duke of Newburg 1631. deceased March 20. or 21. 1651. 4. Anne Sibilla born 1617. deceased 1641. 5. John Lewis born 1619. deceased 1647. 6. Juliana Magdalen born 1621. affianced to Frederick Lewis Count Palatine in Landsbery in 1644. deceased Marchs 5. 1672 7. Mary Aemilia born 1622. deceased 1641. Now follows John Casimire youngest Son of Duke John the First who Travelled into Sweden where he performed many notable Services for Charles the Ninth King of that Country both against the Poles and Denes In 1615. he married the Princess Catharine Daughter of the said King and died 1652. leaving Issue 1. Christina Magdalen born 1616. married to Frederick the Third Marquess of Baden Durlach deceased 1662. 2. Charles Gustavus born Nov. 8. 1622. to whom Queen Christina gave up the whole Kingdom of Sweden with all its Claims and Dependencies His Queen was Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick now a Widow by whom he had Issue Charles the Eleventh the present King of whom and his Issue see more above in the Swedish Family 3. Mary Euphrosyna born Feb. 4. 1625. espoused by Magnus Gabriel Count de la Gardie Arch-Drozet of Sweden deceased in Decemb. 1687. 4. Eleanor Catharine the late Relict of Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse in Eschwegen born May 17. 1626. deceased 16 5. Adolph John born Oct. 11. 1629. deceased Oct. 14. 1689. possessed of a very large Estate in Sweden where he married two Wives the first being Elizabeth Beata Daughter of Peter Brahe Earl of Wisenburg deceased 1653. The other Elizabeth Daughter of Nicholas Brahe Erick Count Oxenstern late Lord Chancellor of Sweden's Widow deceased also last March 1689. His Children now living are two Sons and as many Daughters namely Adolph John born Aug. 13. 1666. Gustavus Samuel born Ap. 2. 1670. Catharine An. 1661. And Mary Elizabeth 1663. Of the Branch of Birckenfeld § XVII WE are now come to mention Charles youngest Son of Wolfgang Duke of Newburg and Deux-Ponts who propagated the Branch of Birckenfeld by a Marriage with the Princess Dorothy of Lunenburg of the Line of Zell who bore him a Daughter named Sophia married to Crato Earl of Hohenloh deceased Nov. 6. 1676. And Three Sons 1. George William 2. Christian And 3. Frederick born 1594. deceased a Bachellor 1626. In the Issue of the Two first the Branch of Birckenfeld subdivided it self into two lesser Branches that of Birckenfeld properly so called and that of Bischweiler The first began in George William born 1593. who had the Territory of Birckenfeld for his Portion and took the Lady Dorothy of Solms to his first Wife who dying in the Year 1625. he was re-married to the Rhinegrave Juliana from whom he was afterwards divorced and thereupon espoused the Lady Anne Elizabeth of Ettingen his third and last Wife His Death bears date 1669. And his Children by the first Venture were 1. Anne Sophia born Ap. 2. 1619. deceased 1680. she was Lady Abbess of Quedlingburg 2. Juliana and deceased both in their Infancy 3. Elizabeth deceased both in their Infancy 4. Charles Otho a Valiant Champion of the Gospels deceased 1672. whose Wife was Hedewig Crato Count Holenloh's Daughter by whom he had Issue Charles William deceased an Infant 1660. Charlotte Sophia Elizabeth born 1661. And Hedewig Eleanor Dorothy in 1663. 5. Mary Magdalen born 1622. and married to Anthony Gunther Count Swartzburg An. 1644. Return we now to Christian of Bischweiler born 1598. deceased Aug. 10. 1654. whos 's two Wives were Magdalen Catharine Daughter of John the Second Duke of Deux Ponts and Mary Joan of Helfenstein By the first of which he had Issue 1. Dorothy Catharine born July 3. 1634. and married to John Lewis Count Nassau in Otweiler 2. Lovise Sophia born 1635. as yet unmarried 3. Christian the Second born June 22. 1637. In 1667. he married the Lady Catharine Agatha Daughter of John James the last Earl of Rappolstein deceased 1683. by whom he has Issue now living Magdalen Claudia born 1668. Charlotte Wilhelmina 1672. And Christian the Third Nov. 7. 1674. 4. John Charles born Oct. 17. 1638. a Prince of great Experience in Military Affairs In 1685. he took to Wife Sophia Amalia Daughter of Frederick Duke of Deux-Ponts Sigfrid Count Hohenloh's Widow brought to Bed of a Daughter Feb. 1. 1686. 5. Anne Magdalen born 1640. and married to John Rheinhard Earl of Hanâ—â—lt Oct. 18. 1659. Of the Bavarian Line § XVIII IT has already been observed in the second Section of this Chapter that Lewis the Third was third Son of Elector Lewis the First He was Born 1277. carefully brought up by his Mother at Vienna in Austria had the Upper Bavaria for his Patrimony and was elected Emperor 1314. After the decease of his Cousin John Duke of the Lower Bavaria who had married his Daughter he entered on the Possession of the greatest part of his Inheritance He likewise seized on the Electorate of Brandenburg upon the death of Woldemar Marquess thereof bestowing the same on his own Son Lewis Moreover he had War with Frederick the Fair Arch-Duke of Austria whom he took Prisoner in the end An. 1324. and was likewise at variance with the Pope who plagued him very much In 1347. he died of an Apoplexy occasioned by his Bodies being grievously bruised by a fall from his Horse as he was hunting the Bear having had to his first Wife the Lady Beatrix of Glogaâ—â— and William Earl of Holland and Zealand's Daughter to his Second His Issue by the first were 1. Lewis the Fourth who had the Marquisate of Brandenburg given him by his Father An. 1319. which he defended against the pretended Woldemar and his adherents He deceased in the Year 1361. having had to Wife Margaret Maultaschen Daughter of Henry Duke of Carinthia and Stiria Earl of Tirole c. And by her an only Son named 1. Mainhard who followed his Father by a too hasty Fate An. 1363. 2. Mechtildis or Maud married to Frederick Landtgrave of Thuringe and Marquess of Misnia deceased 1346. 3. Beatrix affianced to Charles Martel King of Hangary deceased 1315. 4. Stephen surnamed Fibularus of whom in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 5. Anne or as others Agnes deceased 1353. Children of the Emperor Lewis by his second Wife 1. Lewis surnamed The Roman who had the
Marck assigned him by his Brother Lewis but died without Issue 1366. or 69. 2. William who had the Government of Holland and Zealand in the Netherlands settled on him by his Mother but fell distracted and died so 1377. 3. Anne affianced to Gunther Count Swartzburg 4. Elizabeth remarried after the decease of her first Husband John Duke of the Lower Bavaria to Ulrick Count Wirtenberg and again after his decease to Scaliger Duke of Verona 5. Otho Henry his Brother's Successor in the Marck which nevertheless he Sold for 200000 Florins to Wenceslaus Son to the Emperor Charles the Fourth and died 1379. 6. Albert the First who succeeded his Brother William in the Government of Holland and Zealand and left the same to his Son William the Second He departed this Life 1404. or according to Others 1405. having had Margaret Daughter of Lewis Duke of Brieg in Silesia to his first Wife and another Margaret Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleve to his second His Issue by these Ladies were 1. William the Second who succeeded his Father in the Counties of Holland Zealand and Haynalt and died 1417 having had Mary Daughter of Charles the Fifth King of France to his first Wife and after her decease Margaret Daughter of Philip the Bold Duke of Burgundy by which last he had Issue an only Daughter named Jaqueline married to the Dauphin of France and after his untimely Death to John of Burgundy Duke of Brabant by which Match the Provinces aforesaid were passed over to the House of Burgundy This Lady Jaqueline after many turns of Fortune departed this Life Oct. 8. 1436. 2. Albert the Second who liv'd at Stranbingen in Bavaria where he likewise deceased An. 1399. 3. John elected Bishop of Liege An. 1400. with the Inhabitants of which City he had afterwards much ado Nevertheless upon his Brother's decease he quitted both Orders and Bishoprick taking to Wife Elizabeth of Lutzelburg yet departed this Life without Issue An. 1424. but not without suspicion of Poyson 4. Margaret married to John the Bold Duke of Burgundy An. 1385. deceased 1426. 5. Joan affianced to Albert the Fourth of Austria deceased 1390. 6. Catharine to Edward Duke of Guelderland And 7. Anne to Wenceslaus afterwards Emperor An. 1377. she died 1388. § XIX Return we therefore to Stephen in whose Issue this Line was continued He departed this Life 1375. having had Elizabeth Daughter of Lewis King of Sicily and Hungary to his first Wife and another Elizabeth Daughter of John the Second Burgrave of Norimberg to his Second His Issue by the first Venture were 1. Stephen the Second who had Ingolstadt and the Lands belonging thereunto for his Patrimony a Prince renown'd for his Piety and Courage and very dear to his Subjects on that account He departed this Life in the Year 1413. having been twice married first to Thaddaea the Vice-Count of Milan's Daughter and after her decease to Margaret Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves By the first he had Issue 1. Isabel married to Charles the Sixth King of France 1385. deceased 1435. 2. John Bishop of Ratisbonn◠deceased 1409. 3. Lewis Barbatus or Long-beard a Prince of an uneasie Temper impatient either of an Equal or Superior He had Wars with his Son Lewis the Crooked whom he would have disinherited in favour of his natural Son in which he was taken Captive by his Son and Imprisoned at Newburg From thence he was Sold to Albert Achilles Elector of Brandenburg and by him a second time to Henry Duke of Bavaria in Landshut for two and thirty thousand Florins in whose Custody he died at Burchausen An. 1447. His Wives were two French Ladies Anne of Bounbon and Catharine Daughter of Peter Count d' Alençon By the first he had Issue 1. Lewis the Crooked deceased before his Father An. 1445. and without Issue notwithstanding he had married Margaret Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Brandenburg 2. Elizabeth married to Otho of Austria An. 1312. 3. Frederick who had Landshut and the Lands belonging thereunto assigned him for his Patrimony of whose Posterity we shall immediately treat And 4. John of whom more in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line Now Frederick was surnamed The Wise and very happy in making People Friends when at difference He departed this Life at Landshut Dec. 4. 1393. leaving Issue by Magdalen Daughter of Bernabovius Vice-Count of Milan his Second Wife for by Anne Daughter of the Earl of Neyffen his first he had never any as followeth 1. Magdalen given in Marriage to John Meinhard Count of Goritia 2. Elizabeth espoused by Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg deceased 1443. 3. Margaret by Mark Vice-Count of Milan 4. Henry who being left an Orphan by his Parents in his tender Years had his Estate ruin'd in a manner by the ill management of Guardians yet afterwards by the more prudent Conduct of a certain Priest very well acquainted with the methods of House-keeping and improving an Estate not only redeem'd all things that had been any ways Imbezel'd or Mortgaged but being given to Parcimony laid up such great Treasures that in short he obtain'd the name of Rich. He departed this Life in the Year 1450. having had to Wife Anne Daughter of Albert the Fourth of Austria His Children by her necessary to be here mention'd were Joan and Elizabeth the one married to Otho Count Palatine in Mosbach The other to Ulrick Count Wirtenburg and died 1478. As also 1. Lewis a very dutiful Son who was likewise his Successor and had many Wars In 1450. he banished the Jews confiscating their Estates and Effects to his Exchequer and departed this Life 1479. At which time he left Issue by Amalia Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Sax. who died 1502. Margaret married to Philip Elector Palatine An. 1474. decased 1501. And 1. George surnamed the Rich who Founded the University at Ingolstadt and took to Wife Hedewig Daughter of Casimire King of Poland by whom he had Issue surviving at his death which happened in 1503. Elizabeth whom he married to Rupert the Tenth Count Palatine leaving her also his Heiress by Will which gave rise to a very bloody War 'twixt the Palatine and Bavarian Lines Margaret professed a Nun Lewis the Ninth deceased before his Father And Rupert in his Infancy § XX. Matters thus far cleared return we now to John youngest Son of Stephen the First who in the division of the Hereditary Teritories had Munchen for his Patrimony where he deceased 1397. His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Meinhard Earl of Goritia deceased 1391. who bore him Issue 1. William the Third a great defender of the Council of Basil who died 1463. leaving Issue by Margaret of Cleves Adolph and William both short-liv'd 2. Sophia married in 1389. to the Emperor Wenceslaus deceased 1428. And 3. Erneste deceased 1438. leaving Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Bernabovius Vice-Count of Milan Elizabeth married to Adolph Duke of Bergen An. 1434. and after
married to John Elector of Brandenburg deceased 1511. Wherefore William seeing himself destitute of Issue Male adopted Ernestus and Albertus his Brother Frederick's Sons and departed this World 1482. § II. Frederick the Second who succeeded his Father in Misnia and the Electorate suffered very much from the Hussites He would not be prevailed with to make War upon the Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg He departed this Life Sept. 7. 1464. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Erneste of Austria and by her a large Off-spring whereof Three Sons and a Daughter died Young Those that outâ—iv'd him were Two Sons and Four Daughters whom we shall-set down in the following Order viz. 1. Amalia the Wife of Lewis the Rich Duke of Bavaria born 1435. deceased Nov. 18. 1502. 2. Anne born 1436. married to Albert Achilles Elector of Brandenburg Nov. 12. 1458. deceased Oct. 31. 1512. 3. Ernestus born March 25. 1441. of whom in the next Section as Author and Progenitor of the Ernestine Line 4. Albert born July 27. 1443. of whom see more below in the Albertine Line 5. Hedewig Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg who had much ado with the Inhabitants of that Place yet Master'd 'em in the end by the assistance of her Brother Duke Albert commanding at the same time the Roland they had set up in sign of Liberty to be thrown down This Lady departed this Life Nov. 12. 1511. And 6. Margaret Lady Abbess of Seuselitz Of the Ernestine Line § III. ERnestus who succeeded his Father in the Dignity of Elector was a Wise Prince and very happy in reconciling the Differences of Princes He maintained the strictest Friendship with his Brother Albert with whom he administred all things as it were in Common He bought the Dutchy of Sagan in Silesia of the last Duke thereof for 55000 Hungarian Crowns Moreover he went to Rome where he was presented with a Rose of Gold by Pope Sixtus the Fourth And last of all changed this Life for a better in the Year 1486. His Dutchess was Elizabeth Daughter of Albert the Third Duke of Bavaria deceased 1484. having born him this following Issue viz. 1. Christina born Sept. 28. 1462. married to John King of Sweden and Denmark 1478. deceased 1531. 2. Frederick the Third born 1463. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was surnamed The Wise He built the Castle at Wittenberg where he likewise opened an University in the Year 1502. He reconciled Philip Elector Palatine to the Emperor Maximilian after whose decease he might have been elected Emperor himself but refused it He appeased the Commonalty of Erfurdt when in uproar against the Senate He stood up in Luther's defence at his first setting the Reformation on foot ordering him a Guard for his safety at Wurtzburg in his return from the Dyet at Worms An. 1521. Last of all this Religious Prince departed this Life May 5. 1525. in the 63 d. Year of his Age just after the Rising of the Boors having liv'd a Batchellor and been long troubled with the Stone 3. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop of Mentz born 1464. not long liv'd for he died May 1. 1484. 4. Erneste born 1466. elected Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1476. made Administrator of Halberstadt 1489. deceased in the Castle at Hall 1513. 5. John born June 29. 1469. of whom in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line 6. Wolfgang deceased an Infant And 7. Margaret married to Henry Duke of Brunswick of the Line of Zell deceased Dec. 7. 1528. § IV. John succeeded his Brother in the Electoral Dignity and gave a total defeat to the Rebellious Boors taking their Leader Thomas Muntzer Prisoner In 1529. he with some other Princes entred their solemn Protestation against the designs of the Catholicks The Year after he presented the Protestant Confession to the Emperor Charles the Fifth and caused its Apology to be written Moreover he was Author of the League of Smalkald He departed this Lise Aug. 13. 1532. having had Sophia Daughter of Magnus Duke of Meckleburg married to him An. 1500. deceased 1503. to his first Wife And Margarets Daughter of Woldemar Prince of Anhalt esponsed by him in 1513. deceased 1521. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. John Frederick born June 30. 1503. of whom a little below 2. Mary born Dec. 6. 1515. she was married to Philip Duke of Pomerania and died 1583. 3. Margaret born 1518. deceased unmarried 1537. 4. John born 1513. deceased 1519. 5. John Erneste born May 10. 1521. who had his Residence at Coburg where he died without Issue An. 1553. notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Catharine Daughter of Philip Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg Return we therefore to John Frederick his Father's Successor who had sharp Wars with Henry Duke of Brunswick whom at length he took Prisoner in the Year 1545. As also afterwards with the Emperor Charles the Fifth But by him he was beaten and suffered the same fate with Henry being taken Prisoner near the Wood of Lochin not far from Mulberg on the 24th of April 1546. whereupon he was degraded from the Electorship and kept in Prison till 1552. at which time he was set at liberty but surviv'd it only two Years The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Sibil Daughter of John the Third Duke of Cleves by whom he had this following Issue viz. 1. John Frederick the Second Duke of Saxony born Jan. 8. 1529. This Prince founded the University of Jena by his Father's Orders An. 1548. which had afterwards the Emperor's Confirmation in 1558. After this he was seized and put in Custody by command of the Emperor as one of Grumbach's Complices and for that he had protected him upon which account he had his Castle of Grimmenstein likewise demolished He departed this Life in Prison where he had been kept 28 Years on the 9th day of May 1595. The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Third Elector Palatine for Agnes of Hesse his first Wife died soon after she was Married who bore him Issue 1. Casimire who had his seat at Coburg where he died without Issue 1633. And 2. John Erneste who likewise had the same Fate with him dying Issueless 1638. His other two Sons John Frederick and Frederick died both young 2. John William born 1530. of whom more in the next Section 3. John Erneste born 1534. deceased 1553. And 4. John Frederick the younger born 1538. deceased 1565. § V. Return we therefore to John William in whose Issue alone this Line was continued He departed this Life 1573. having had to Wife Susan Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the Third Elector Palatine deceased 1592. and by her this following Issue 1. Frederick William born Ap. 25. 1562. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Aldenburg assigned for his Patrimony The Prince administred the Electorate during the Minority of his Cousin Elector Christian the Second and departed this Life July 7. 1602. His first Dutchess
most to have bought the Burgraviate of Meissen also In 1440. William had part of the Dutchy of Luxenbing in Dowry with his Wife Ernestus the First added Plaven Voightsberg Olnitz and Adorff in the Land of Advocates The same Prince bought the Dutchy of Sagan in Silesia paying down 55000 Hugarian Ducats Albert the Stout had East Friezland assigned him to be held in Fee of the House of Austria The Elector Augustus made the Diocesses of Naumburg and Mersburg Hereditary to his Family In 1583. the Principality of Henneberg fell to it by Right of Agreement to a mutual Succession part of which namely the District of Coburg had been long before this made over in Dowry to the Marquesses of Misnia In 1635. John George the First recovered both the Upper and Lower Lusatia ' which of old belonged to his Ancestors the Marquesses of Misnia In 1648. Augustus was chosen and declared Administrator of the Arch-Bishoprick of Magdeburg In 1659. John George the Second obtained the County of Barbie Moreover he added Querfurt Iuterbock Dam Borck Fravenstein c. to his other Territories And lastly part of the County of Mansfeld fell into the Possession of this Family by the last German War and is called in the German Language Die Sachwische Hoheit Of its Decrease § XVII WIlliam Duke of Saxony sold the Right he had to the Dutchy of Luxenburg to Philip Duke of Burgundy for 11000 Schillings In 1549. Elector Maurice made over in Change the Principality of Sagan in Silesia to Ferdinand the First afterwards Emperor In 1680. upon the decease of Augustus Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg that Arch-Bishoprick but with the Title of a Dutchy fell to the Electoral Line of Brandenburg according to the Tenor of the Pacification of Osenburg great part of the Burgraviate of Magdeburg being annext thereunto at the same time to the general satisfaction of all Parties Of its Pretensions § XVIII NOw Its Pretensions are to the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons as also to that of Sax-Lawenburg CHAP. IX Of the House of Brandenburg § I. THat the most Potent and Serene Family of Brandenburg is descended from the Counts of Zollern in Schwaben is not to be doubted but from whence those Counts drew their Extraction doth not so well appear Their Opinion seems to be best which gives 'em the same Original with the Guelphs yet so as not entirely to exclude the Colonna's a Family of an Italian Extraction also In the Catalogue of these Counts we find Conrade the First who flourished about the middle of the Twelfth Century and married Anne of Vohburg sole Heiress of the last Burgrave of Nuremburg whereupon he obtained of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to be himself invested in that Burgraviate Conrade was followed by Frederick the First who died 1218. having for his Successor his Eldest Son Conrade the Second who was succeeded by his Brother Frederick the Second This Frederick had Two Sons Conrade the Third who gave all his Substance to Pious Uses causing his Three Sons Frederick Conrade and Godfrey to take the Church Habit And Frederick the Third who left Four Sons John and Frederick murdered by the Blacksmiths of Nuremberg's Men another John who succeeded his Father but did not long outlive him and Frederick the Fourth to whom the Government sell upon his Brother John's decease Frederick the Fourth had likewise Four Sons John who succeeded him Frederick Bishop of Ratasbonne and Aichstadt Berthold who succeeded his Brother in the Bishoprick of Aichstadt and Albert the First Partner in the Government with his Brother John the Second and Father of Frederick the Fifth who begot John the Third Burgrave of Nurenberg and Frederick the Sixth the first Elector of Brandenburg of the Family of Zollern § II. This Frederick was born 1372. and served the Emperor Sigismund in his Wars by whom in regard of his great Merit he was constituted Vicar or Warden of the Marck An. 1411. Afterwards at a Dyet held at Constance An. 1415. He obtained the Electoral Dignity of the said Emperor by the general consent of the other Electors together with the Marquisate of Brandenburg paying down in consideration thereof 400000 Hungarian Shillings The Investiture was afterwards solemnly performed in April 1417. In 1427. he built the Castle of Coln on the Sprew being in that part of the City Berlin which lies on the West side of that River In 1420. he had War with the Pomeranians With the Hussites in 1424. And after that with Bernhard Duke of Sax-Lawenburg He sold the best part of the Burgraviate of Nurenburg to the City of that Name and at length ended his days in the Year 1440. being a Prince highly esteemed for his Power Prudence and Courage His Princess was Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick Duke of Bavaria-Landshut by whom he had Issue 1. John the First surnamed The Alchymist born 1401. who loving a quiet retired Life was content his Father ordering it should be so to make over his Pretensions to the Government to his Brother Frederick being satisfied himself with some Chastellanies or Governments in in Franconia and in that which is called the Land of Advocates He departed this Life 1464. having had to Wife Barbara Daughter of Rudolph Duke and Elector of Saxony of the Family of Anhalt and by her Issue as followeth 1. Dorothy born 1422. and married after the decease of Christopher Count Palatine of the Rhine afterwards King of Denmark her first Husband to Christian the First likewise King of that Country she died 1496. 2. Barbara born 1423. married to Lewis Gonzaga Duke of Mantua 1433. deceased 1481. 3. Rudolph not long liv'd born 1424. And 4. Magdalen married to Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania deceased 1451. 2. Frederick the Second surnamed Ferreus or Iron-side born Nov. 19. 1413. who succeeded his Father and founded the Cathedral at Coln on the Sprew He refused the Offer of the Crown of Poland in 1446. and that of Bohemia An. 1468. In 1434. the was Protector of the Council of Basle In 1455. he redeemed the new Marquisate which was Mortgag'd paying down 300000 Crowns In 1451. he entred into an Hereditary League with William Duke of Saxony into which the Family of Hesse was also taken An. 1457. In 1461. he had War with the Bohemians for Lusatia as also with the Duke of Pomerania about the Succession In 1470. transferring the Electoral Dignity to his Brother Albert he undertook a Pilgrimage to the Holy Land but died the Year following viz. 1471. His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Saxony by whom he had only Two Daughters that out-liv'd him namely Margaret married to Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania deceased 1489. and Dorothy to John the Fifth Duke of Sax Lawenburg who died 1507. 3. Albert born Nov. 24. 1414. of whom more as Preserver of the Family in the next Section 4. Frederick the Third who had his usual Residence at Tangermund but died at Arembourg 1463. Issueless as to Males notwithstanding he had
has only a Daughter namely 1. Lovise Dorothy Sophia born Sept. 19. 1680. but by the present Dutchess Two Sons viz. 2. Frederick Augustus born Oct. 6. 1685. deceased Feb. 6. 1686. And 3. Frederick William born at Two in the Afternoon Aug. 4. 1688. God grant he may one day equal Frederick William the Great Of the Franconian Line § XI MAtter 's thus far cleared we are now to remind our Promise Amongst the Sons of Albert Achilles Elector of Brandenburg above-mentioned we took notice of Frederick the Fourth born at One a Clock May 2. 1460. He had the Burgraviate of Nuremberg assigned him by his Father and took to Wife the Princess Sophia Daughter of Casimire King of Poland whom he solemnly espoused at Francfort An. 1479. He departed this Life Ap. 4. 1536. having had Seventeen Children by the Princess Sophia aforesaid whereof Five died Young The other Twelve were 1. Casimire his Father's Successor in the Burgraviate of Nuremberg born Sept. 27. 1481. deceased Sept. 21. 1527. having had to Wife Susan Daughter of Albert the Fourth Duke of Bavaria and by her this following Issue 1. Mary born 1519. married to Frederick the Third Elector Palatine 1537. deceased Oct. 21. 1567. 2. Albert the Fourth surnamed The German Alcibiades born March 28. 1522. a Prince of eminent Qualities but deceased a Batchellor An. 1557. And 3. Cunigund born 1524. married to Charles the Third Marquess of Baden-Durlach An. 1551. deceased 1557. or 1558. 2. George surnamed The Confessor born at One in the Morning March 4. 1484. He was thrice married his first Wife being Beatrix Daughter of Huniades Viceroy of Hungary deceased 1524. His second was Hedewig Daughter of Charles Duke of Munsterberg who likewise died 1531. and his third Emilia Daughter of Henry Duke of Saxony of the Albertine Line deceased 1591. His Children were as follow 1. Anne Mary born Dec. 28. 1526. married to Christopher Duke of Wurtenburg deceased May 22. 1589. 2. Sabina born May 12. 1529. espoused by John George Elector of Brandenburg An. 1547. deceased Nov. 2. 1575. 3. Sophia born 1535. married to Henry Duke of Lignitz 1560. deceased Feb. 12. 1587. 4. Barbara born 1536. who by reason of her being somewhat craz'd died unmarried An. 1591. 5. Catharine Dorothy born 1538. given in Marriage to Henry of Ruchin of the Line of Plaven deceased Jan. 19. 1604. And 6. George Frederick his Father's Successor born Ap. 5. 1539. In 1577. he was constituted Administrator of Prussia In 1582. he founded the School or College at Heilbron He was a great Lover of Peace and kept a very Splendid and noble Court This Great Prince died without Issue Ap. 25. 1603. notwithstanding he were twice married Elizabeth Daughter of John Marquess of Brandenburg being his first Wife And Sophia Daughter of William Duke of Brunswick his Second which Lady surviv'd him many Years and died at length at Nuremberg An. 1639. 3. Sophia born March 10. 1485. married to Frederick Duke of Lignitz 1519. deceased 1537. 4. Anne born May 5. 1487. married to Wenceslaus Duke of Glogow deceased 1517. 5. Albert the Third born May 17. 1490. of whom more in the next 6. John the Third born Jan 9. 1493. and created Vice-Roy of the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain by the Emperor Charles the Fifth where he died without Issue 7. Elizabeth born March 24. 1494 married to Ernest Marquess of Baden-Durlach An. 1510. deceased May 31. 8. Barbara born Sept. 24. 1495. married to George Landtgrave of Leuchtenburg An. 1526. deceased 1552. 9. Frederick the Fifth Canon of Mentz and Provost of Wurtzburg born June 17. 1497. deceased 1536. 10. William born June 3. 1498. elected Arch-Bishop of Rigen 1534. deceased Feb. 4. 1563. 11. John Albert Bishop of Halberstadt and afterwards Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg born Sept. 20. 1499. deceased May 17. 1580. And 12. Gumbert Lord High Chamberlain to Pope Leo the Tenth born June 16. 1503. deceased June 24. 1528. § XI We now return to Albert the Third elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia An. 1512. and had a sharp War with the Poles Peace being afterwards made he was Invested in the Dutchy of Prussia by the then King of Poland Ap. 10. 1525. since which that Dutchy has been Hereditary to this Family In 1532. he was Proscribed by the Imperial Ban. In 1544. he opened an University at Koningsberg in Prussia and at length ended his days on the 20th of March 1568. Aged 78. In 1525. he married Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the First King of Denmark After whose decease which hapned in 1547. he took to Wife Anne Mary Daughter of Erick the Elder Duke of Brunswick who departed this Life March 20. 1568. fifteen Hours after her Husband Of his Children only Two surviv'd him namely 1. Anne Sophia born June 11. 1527. married to John Albert Duke of Meckleburg 1555. deceased Feb. 6. 1591. And 2. Albert Frederick his Father's Successor in the Dutchy of Prussia born Ap. 29. 1553. and married in 1573. to Mary Eleanor Daughter of William Duke of Juliers who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Anne born July 3. 1576. married to John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg 1594. deceased 1625. 2. Mary born Jan. 23. 1579. espoused by Christian Marquess of Brandenburg Bareith 1604. deceased Feb. 11. 1649. 3. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1680. 4. Sophia born March 31. married to William Duke of Curland 1609. deceased the Year following 5. Eleanor born Aug. 12. 1583. given in Marriage to Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg 1603. deceased 1607. And 6. Magdalen Sibil born Dec. 30. espoused by John George the First Elector of Saxony 1607. deceased 1659. As for Albert Frederick their Father he departed this Life 1603. being somewhat distracted in his Mind but his Wife liv'd till 1608. § XII The ancient Line of Franconia becoming thus extinct these Provinces fell to Christian the First and Joachim Ernestus two younger Sons of John George Elector of Brandenburg as we observ'd above in the Sixth Section Christian who died 1645. had the Upper part of the Principality assigned him for his Lot and so propagated the Branch of Culembach by leaving Issue by Mary Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia as followeth 1. Elizabeth Eleanor born and dead the same Year 1606. 2. George Frederick born and dead 1608. 3. Anne Mary born Dec. 20. 1609. married to John Anthony Prince of Eggeberg 1639. deceased Ap. 28. 1680. O. S. 4. Agnes born and deceased July 9. 1611. 5. Magdalen Sibil born Nov. 1. 1612. married to John George the Second Elector of Saxony Nov. 13. 1638. deceased 1687. 6. Christian Ernestus born 1613. deceased the Year following 7. Erdman Augustus born Oct. 29. 1615. of whom immediately And 8. George Albert born March 10. 1619. of whom also see more below As for Erdman Augustus he had Bareith assigned him for his Appennage married Sophia Daughter of his Uncle Joachim Ernestus of Anspach An. 1641. and died 1651. His only Son being 1.
Christian Ernestus the present Prince born July 24. 1644. and brought up for the most part during his Minority under the Tuition of Frederick William the Great Joachim Frederick de Bluhmenthal having in the mean time the Government of his Provinces In 1661. he took on him the Government himself since which he has given Singular Proofs both of his Courage and great Prudence on all Occasions In 1663. he was present at the Diet then held at Ratisbone and Chosen General for the Circle of Franconia in the same Year Also in the same Year he founded a famous School or College in the City Bareith called from his Name the Christian-Ernestine School See more of the Life of this Prince in Rentsch in Brandenburg Cederschein pag. 722. and Seqq. His first Wife was Erdmuth Sophia Daughter of John George the Second Elector of Saxony whom he married An. 1662. but she dying June 12. 1670. he the next Year took to Wife Sophia Lovise Daughter of Eberhard the Third Duke of Wurtenburg which last Match has given Birth to this following Issue viz. 1. Christiana Eberhardina born at six in the Evening Dec. 19. 1671. 2. Eleanor Magdalen born at seven in the Morning Jan. 14. 1673. 3. Claudia Eleanora Sophia born 1675. deceased Feb. 1. 1676. 4. Charlotte Emilia born 1677. deceased Feb. 5. 1678. 5. George William Prince Hereditary of Bareith born at nine in the Morning Nov. 16. 1678. 6. Charles Lewis born Nov. 11. 1679. deceased March 28. 1680. § XIII We now return to George Albert younger Brother of Erdman Augustus and his Posterity who had his Seat at Culembach and took to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg An. 1651. After whose decease he married Sophia Mary of Solms An. 1665. and departed this Life on Sept. 17. in the following Year viz. 1666. having had Seven Children whereof Three died young The other Four were 1. Erdman Philip born May 1. 1659. who came to a violent and untimely death by an accidental Wound on his Head Aug. 26. 1678. 2. Christian Henry born July 17. 1661. at five in the Afternoon and now Lieutenant-General of the Militia Light Horse belonging to the Circle of Franconia 3. Charles Augustus Canon of Magdeburg born at three in the Afternoon on the 18th of March 1663. And 4. George Albert born of the second Venture Nov. 27. 1666. § XIV Having now done with Christian the First mentioned by us both in the sixth and thirteenth Section and his Posterity 't is time we say somewhat of his Brother Joachim Ernestus and his Issue This Prince had the Lower part of the Principality in Franconia and so became Author of the Branch of Anspach In 1595. he was elected Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg and departed this Life Feb. 25. 1625. having had to Wife Sophia of Solms of the Line of Labach and by her this following Issue 1. Sophia born May 31. 1614. married to Erdman Augustus Marquess of Bareith 1641. deceased Nov. 23. 1646. 2. Frederick the Eighth born Ap. 20. 1616. and Slain at the Battle of Nordlingen 1634. 3. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1617. 4. Albert the Fifth born Sept. 18. 1620. of whom more immediately And 5. Christian born 1623. deceased 1633. Wherefore Albert succeeded his Father and thro' the whole course of his Life and Government was a Fortunate Prince He departed this Life Oct. 22. 1667. having had Henrietta Lovise Daughter of Lewis Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Monpelgart deceased 1650. to his first Wife Sophia Margaret of Octingen who died 1664. to his Second And then Christina Daughter of Frederick the Third Marquess of Baden of the Line of Durlach to his Third which last Lady out-lived him and was afterwards married to Frederick Duke of Sax-Gotha By the second Venture he had Issue that surviv'd him namely 1. John Frederick born Oct. 8. 1654. 2. Albert Ernestus born Oct. 10. 1659. deceased Oct. 20. 1674. 3. Dorothy Charlotte born Nov. 19. 1661. and married to Ernestus Lewis the present Prince Regent of Hesse-Darmstadt Dec. 10. 1687. And 4. Eleanora Juliana born Oct. 12. 1663. and given in Marriage to Frederick Charles Duke of Wurtenburg and Administrator of that Dutchy during the Minority of his Nephew Eberhard Lewis An. 1682. John Frederick succeeded his Father and was stiled the Delight of his Subjects and indeed of all others who had the happiness to know him On Jan. 26. 1673. he took to Wife Joan Elizabeth of Durlach his Mother-in-law Christina's Sister who departing this Life 1680. he the next Year married Eleanor Erdmuth Daughter of John George Duke of Sax-Eysenach and died 1686. By the first Lady he had Issue 1. Leopold Frederick born and deceased the same Year 2. Christian Albert born Sept. 8. 1675. 3. Dorothy Frederica Aug. 12. 1676. 4. George Frederick Ap. 25. 1678. And 5. Charlotte born 1679. deceased 1680. By the other 1. Wilhelmina Charlotte born March 1. 1683. 2. Frederick Augustus born 1684. deceased 1685. And 3. William Frederick born Dec. 29. 1685. Of the Augmentation of the Family of Brandenburg § XVI 'T Was observ'd above how Conrade Count Zollern obtained the Burgraviate of Norimberg to which Frederick the Third added Bareith in Right of his Wife together with the Castle of Cadolkburg being part of the Dutchy of Mera The fame Frederick had the City of Creussen settled on him An. 1251. by the Emperor Conrade the Fourth In 1258. he bought Birnsherg and Eginhausen of the Barons of Vaenheim In 1261. he obtained the Government or Chastellany of Aurach That of Munchsteinach An. 1265. Those of Ekelsdorf Wendelstein Dchnepsenreuth and Sniklingen An. 1273. Those of Burckburnheim and Dachsbach An. 1280. Reustadt on the Culm An. 1282. Lenckershetm Eilbach and Bruck in the same Year and Reustadt on the Aisch An. 1285. In 1290. the Castle of Swermtz was bought by this Family which till then belonged to the Counts of Orlamund And the Right of Heilbran Monastry seems also to have fallen to it much about the same time In 1292. the Burgraves Conrade and Frederick bought Roth Rothstal and Winshath Burgrave John about the Year 1317. became possessed of Pegnik Erlougen Blcck Lindenhart Brichsenstadt and some other Places which till then were under the Jurisdiction of the King of Bohemia The same John had Ihirsheim Thirstein Markleuthen Berneck Golderonach Mirsherg and Trebgast with some other Places made over to him by the Marquesses of Misnia In 1321. Frederick the Fourth added Mohnstedel to his other Territories In 1326. he bought Grundlach Bruck and Hochstedt Staust and Ensfelden Two Years after And Ansbach with all its dependencies An. 1331. The same Frederick siding with Lewis of Bavaria the Emperor against the Anti Caesar Frederick the Fair took many of the Austrian Nobility Prisoners in the War whom indeed he dismissed without Ransom yet conditionally that for the future they and their Heirs should hold their Possessions in Fee of him and his for
ever which Agreement is very well known to be still observ'd In 1336. John the Second added Culembach to this Family together with the Castle of Plassenburg and Monastry of Himmete-Cron In 1347. he became possessed of Beissenstadt and Rudolfftein and many other places more especially the City of Creilsheim In 1364. Frederick the Fifth added Swabach Feuchtwangen Emsfirchen and Gunkenhausen as also Hoff in the Land of Advocates which last place was bought by him in the Year 1375. In 1390. John the Third obtained as a Fief of the Empire Rikingen Vffenheim Libenau Aurenhofen and Laterdorf with some other Places to be held by him as Fiefs of the Empire In 1417. Frederick the Sixth was Invested in the Electorate of Brandenburg by the Emperor Sigismund to be held of him and the Emperors his Successors Which Electorate contained at that time the old and middle Marquisates as also Prignitz to which he soon after annexed the Uckermarch by right of War having won the same from the Pomeranians In 1455. the Elector Frederick the Second became possessed of many Places in Lusatia viz. Cothus the Fort of Peike Sommerfeldt Besckan Storcan with all their Appurtenances having taken the same from George King of Bohemia In 1472. the Dutchy of Crossen was Mortgaged to this Family of which it became afterwards fully possessed by reason of its being never redeemed In 1525. Marquess Albert of the Franconian Line Grand Master of the Teutonick Order was created the first Duke of Prussia which was to hold as a Fief of the Crown of Poland that Country being then changed into a Dutchy Somewhat before this his Brother George the Confessor had Jagerndorff given him in consideration of his good Services by Ladislaus King of Bohemia The same George in 1532. became possessed of the Dutchies of Oppelen and Ratibor in Silesia by Right of Confraternity or Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession 'twixt him and the Duke of those Dutchies Joachim the First in 1524 reduced the new Marck which had been for many Years held in Mortgage by the Knights of the Teutonick Order The same Prince Incorporated the County of Rupin with the Electorate as a Fief vacant by the death of Wichman last Count thereof In 1609. the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons as also the Counties of Marck and Ravensberg ought to have fallen to John Sigismund the then Elector but the Duke of Newburg opposing it it was at length agreed on in 1666. after many Contests which at length ended in a War that only the Dutchy of Cleves and County of Marck should remain in the Possession of this Family nevertheless without prejudicing its Right to a mutual Succession to the other Provinces of the said Dutchies in case of deficiency of Heirs Male In 1637. all Pomerania should have fallen to his then Electoral Highness of Brandenburg upon the decease of Bogislaus last Duke thereof by right of Confraternity but the Swedes being got in Possession he could only obtain the further Pomerania Wherefore afterwards by the Peace of Osenburg the Dutchy of Magdeburg the Principalities of Halberstadt Minden and Camin together with some other Places were made over as an equivalent to His most Potent and Serene Highness Frederick William the Great The same Prince in 1657. obtained of the Crown of Poland an Independant Right to Prussia where he had Lavenburg and Buton likewise put into his hands In 1679. by the Treaty of Nimeguen that part of Pomerania which lies on the other side the Vecht and was hitherto in Possession of the Swede was likewise given up to him except the City Dam. In 1681. there was an Accession of the County of Regenstein In 1684. upon the death of Ernestus Bugislaus Prince of Croy all that Prince's Possessions fell to this Family And last of all in 1686. by an Agreement then made with the Emperour the Dutchy of Swibuse was settled on it Of its Decrease § XVII AS to what concerns the Decrease of this Family Frederick the Sixth sold great part of the Burgraviate of Norimberg to the City for 137000 Florins In 1535. George the Confessor parted with the Dutchies of Oppelen and Ratibor to Ferdinand the First afterwards Emperor for 13000 Hungarian Shillings And in 1625. it lost Carnovia or Jagerndorff upon the Proscription of John George then in Possession of that City and District Of its Pretensions § XVIII THis Family had formerly a Pretension to the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons but it was taken off in 1666. as we observed in the 16th Section It likewise laid Claim to Carnovia but quitted that also in 1686. upon its having the Dutchy of Swibus in Compensation for it We shall add no more at present of its other Pretensions being not well acquainted what they may be Only you must note That it hath entered into Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession with the Elector of Saxony and Landtgrave of Hesse Moreover by the Grant of the Emperor Frederick the Third it has some Expectance of having the Dutchies of Holstein and Meckleburg fall to it as also the Principality of Anbalt provided those in possession fail in Issue Male. CHAP. X. Of the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg § I. THo' the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg for its great Antiquity may seem to bear the Bell in a manner from all the rest yet it will suffice us to know at present That it owes its Original to the Ancient Welffs And from whence they are descended is observed at large by the Learned Spener in his Sylloge Genealogicâ pag. 476. Now Cunigund Sister of Welff the Third Earl of Altorff whom some likewise call Duke of Bavaria was married to Azon of Este a Prince of an Italian Extraction which Match gave Birth to Welff the Fourth or as others the first surnamed The Strong his Uncle's Heir Earl of Altorff and afterwards in 1071. Duke of Bavaria by the Grant of the Emperor Henry the Fourth He was succeeded by his Eldest Son Welff the Second who assisted the Young Emperor Henry the Fifth against his Father Henry the Fourth and departed this Life 1119. having never had Issue by Maud his Wife an Italian Princess of High Blood Wherefore he left Bavaria to his Brother Henry the Black who died in the Year 1125. having had to Wise Walfild Daughter of Magnus Duke of Saxony of the Line of Billingen and by her a numerous Off-spring whereof Henry the Proud need only be here mentioned as sufficient to our present Design He was Successor to his Father in the Dutchy of Bavaria and in 1137. was Invested in that of Saxony also by his Father-in-Law Lotharius the Emperor This Prince built Munchen and after variety of Fortunes ended his days An. 1139. His Son was Henry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony whose Power was so great as he was wont to say in an old Dutch Rhime Bon der Elve bet an den Rhin Dat th alles min. i.e. 'Twixt Elve and
Rhine Is all mine Nevertheless falling into Disgrace with the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa he was Proscribed by him and so lost all his Dominions except the Districts of Brunswick and Lunenburg and departed this Life An. 1195. This Prince therefore may be properly looked on as common Father of all the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg which have flourished from that down to the present Times He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Henry the Second King of England and by her Three Sons and Two Daughters viz. 1. Henry the Younger who in his Father's Life-time became possessed of the Palatinate of the Rhine in Right of his Wife Agnes Daughter and sole Heiress of Conrade last Count of that Palatinate nevertheless for want of Heirs Male he was succeeded therein by Otho Count Witelsbach Duke of Bavaria who married his only Daughter Agnes as we observed above in the Palatine-Bavarian Family 2. Otho chosen Emperor 1208. deceased without Issue 1218. 3. Ingeburg married to Woldemar the Second King of Denmark 4. Maud to Geoffrey Count de Perch And 5. William Propagator of the Family by being Father of Otho the First born 1204. § II. This Otho was created the first Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by the Emperor Frederick the Second An. 1235. and had Issue by Maud Daughter of Albert Elector of Brandenburg as followeth viz. 1. Albert of whom below in the next Section 2. John the First who had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and departed this Life 1276. or as others 1277. leaving Issue Otho the Fourth surnamed The Strong whose Wife was Maud Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine who bore him 1. Otho the Sixth Dake of Lunenburg succeeded for want of Issue Male by his Brother 2. William the Third who likewise died An. 1368. leaving Issue only Daughters 3. Conrade the First Bishop of Ferden deceased Oct. 15. 1303. 4. Otho the Second Bishop of Hildesheim deceased July 4. 1279. 5. Helena married to Albert the First Elector of Saxony deceased 1272. 6. Adelheid given in Marriage to Henry the first Landtgrave of Hesse 1239. deceased 1255. 7. Agnes the Wife of Wenceslaus Prince of Rugen 8. Maud espoused by Henry the First Prince of Anbalt And 9. Elizabeth by William Earl of Holland 1251. deceased 1266. § III. We now return to Albert surnamed The Great who upon his Father's decease succeeded to the Principality of Brunswick and died himself in 1279. having performed many Noble Actions and obtained several remarkable Victories His Children were 1. Henry surnamed Mirabilis or The Wonderful who had Grubenhagen assigned him by his Father's Will and departed this Life 1322. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Albert Landtgrave of Thuringia as followeth viz. 1. Henry who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Eisfeld and Duderstadt for his Patrimony in which he was succeeded by his Son 1. Otho the Seventh who Mortgaged the said Provinces to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz and was created Duke of Tarento and afterwards King of both the Sicilies but died without Issue An. 1387. 2. John Provost of Eimbeck And 3. Ernestus who by Agnes of Eberstein had 1. Frederick the First who died 1404. leaving Issue only a Son named Otho the Ninth deceased without Issue An. 1411. 2. Albert. And 3. Ernestus Provost of Eimbeck who died 1422. But Albert begot Erick the First who died 1449. and had Issue Two Sons 1. Henry the Fifth who died 1469. leaving only a Son named Henry the Seventh deceased Issueless An. 1526. And 2. Albert the Sixth who departed this Life 1486. and was succeeded by his Son Philip whose Brother Erick was Elected Bishop of Osenburg and Munster and died 1532. but Philip lived till 1555. settled the Reformed Religion in his Provinces and left Issue 1. Erneste the Sixth born Ap. 2. 1518. deceased 1567. 2. Albert the Seventh 3. John the Sixth 4. Wolfgang And 5. Philip the Second All which died without Issue Male so that Philip who departed this Life 1596. was the last of this Line 2. Albert the Second surnamed The Gross of whom in the next Section 3. William who had the District of Wolfembuttel for his Appennage and died an untimely Death An. 1292. Knights of the Order of St. John 4. Luder And 5. Conrade And 6. Otho the Third a Knight Templar § IV. We now return to Albert the Gross who at first had only the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen but upon his Brother William's Decease laid claim to his Country and beat out his Brother Henry who had seiz'd it An. 1292. He departed this Life 1318. leaving Issue as followeth viz. 1. Otho the Fifth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Brunswick and died 1334. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Conrade Marquess of Brandenburg only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Agnes married to Barnim the Third Duke of Pomerania deceased 1371. And 2. Judith the Wife of Henry surnamed Ferreus or Ironside Landtgrave of Hesse 2. Ernestus whose Patrimony was the Lordship of Gottingen and Principality of Calenberg where he had Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Henry the Fourth Duke of Glogaw a Son and a Daughter namely 1. Elizabeth or as others Anne married to William the First Count de Henneberg An. 1414. 2. Otho the Eighth who succeeded him and died 1394. having had to Wife Margaret Countess of Bergen and by her an only Son Otho the Tenth surnamed Monoculus from his having but one Eye in whom the Branch of Gottingen became extinct An. 1463. 3. Magnus of whom more in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 4. Albert the Third Bishop of Halberstadt deceased 1358. 5. Henry the Third Bishop of Hildesheim deceased Feb. 6. 1363. 6. Maud elected Lady Abbess of Gandersheim An. 1305. And 7. Ludger Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia § V. We now return to Magnus Son of Albert the Gross who at first kept his Court at Sangerhuse but after his Brother Otho's Decease obtained the Principality of Brunswick An. 1334. and died himself 1368. having had Issue by Sophia Daughter of Henry Marquess of Landsberg as followeth viz. 1. Lewis the Second deceased without Issue 1358. notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of William Duke of Lunenburg of whom we made mention in the second Section Numb 2. 2. Otho deceased in Italy 3. Magnus Torquatus of whom below 4. John the Fifth whom some make Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg yet omitted by others 5. Albert the Fifth Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1395. 6. Sophia who died a Maid 7. Maud the Wife of Bernhard the Third Prince of Anhalt 8. Helena married to Otho And 9. Agnes to Erick Count de Hoye Wherefore Magnus was the only Preserver of this Family and succeeded his Cousin William in the Principality of Lunenburg An. 1368. his Father being yet living after whose decease he obtained that of Brunswick also in the same Year His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Woldemar Elector of Brandenburg by
whom he had Eight Children Himself was Slain in a single Combat with Otho Count Schaumburg wherein he had thrown and disarmed the Count and was just a going to kill him as he lay on the ground had he not been prevented by being run through himself by a common Soldier The Names of his Children were 1. Frederick the Second who by an Agreement with his Brethren had at first the sole Administration of the Dutchy of Brunswick He beat Otho surnamed Malus or The Bad out of Wolfembuttel and overthrew the Barons that detained his Brother Bernhard in Prison After this being in high Repute for his Courage he was chosen Emperor by some of the Electors in room of Wenceslaus whom they had deposed but Slain in his way home not far from Frislar as he was returning from Frankfort His Wife was Anne Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony who bore him Two Daughters viz. Anne married to Frederick the Third of Austria deceased 1432. and Elizabeth the Wife of Henry or as Cuspinian will have it Gunther Count Swartzburg 2. Bernhard the First of whom more in the Line of Lunenburg 3. Henry the Fourth of whom in the next 4. Otho the Eleventh Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1416. 5. Helena the Wife of Albert Duke of Meckleburg and King of Sweden 6. Agnes married first to Busson Count Mansfeldt and after his decease to Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania stetin 7. Sophia espoused by Henry Duke of Meckleburg And 8. Catharine married in 1391. to Gerhard Duke of Sleswick and after he was Slain to Erick the Third Duke of Sax-Lawenburg Of the old Line of Brunswick or Wolfembuttel § VI. WE now return to Henry the Fourth Author and Propagator of the old Line of Brunswick properly so called In 1395. he reduced the Lunenburgers In 1404. he undertook an Expedition ' gainst Otho Count Schcumburg but being taken by Henry of Eberstein and Simon and Bernhard Counts de Lippe could not obtain his Liberty but on Promise by Oath to pay them 2000 Florins Ransom from which Oath he was afterwards freed by his Holiness the Pope He could never agree with his Brother the Bishop of Ferden His Death bears date 1416. and his first Wife was Sophia Daughter of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania whom he married An. 1386. after whose Decease he took Margaret Daughter of Herman of Hesse to his Second By the first Lady he had Issue a Son and a Daughter namely 1. William of whom a little below And 2. Catharine married to Frederick the First Elector of Saxony deceased Dec. 28. 1442. But by the Second only a Son named Henry surnamed Lappen-Krieg born 1411. deceased 1473. having had to Wife Helen Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves and by her an only Daughter named Margaret and married to William Prince of Henneberg An. 1469. William succeeded his Father and was surnam'd The Victorious from Seven Famous Victories he obtained The first over the Hussites An. 1421. The second over those of Hildesheim in the same Year The third over the Turks for Sigismund the Emperor An. 1424. The fourth over Erick King of Denmark in behalf of the Hans Towns and those of Sleswick An. 1427. The fifth over Theodorick Arch-Bishop of Munster An. 1446. The sixth over Maurice Earl of Oldenburg An. 1462. And the last over the Inhabitants of Eimbeck He departed this Life An. 1482. aged Ninety having had Cecily Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg to his first Wife and Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumburg Bernhard the Second of Lunenburg's Widow deceased 1468. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. William surnamed The Younger of whom in the next Section 2. Frederick the Fourth who had Calenberg assigned him for his Patrimony but died in Confinement where he was kept by reason of his being Crazed An. 1499. And 3. Otho deceased in his Infancy 1468. § VII Return we now to William the Younger who loved Retirement and a quiet Life In 1490. he bought Helmstadt of the Abbot of Verden and departed this Life 1503. having some time before given up the Governmen to his Sons and divided his Dominions among them He had to Wife Elizabeth Daughter of Budo Count Stolberg who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Henry the Eighth born June 24. 1463. of whom more below 2. Anne born 1470. and married to William Son of Henry the Fifth Prince of Hesse And 3. Erick the Third born the same Year with his Sister Anne who had the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen settled on him by his Father and was a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the greatest Hero's of his Age being said to have overcome in no less than twelve several Battels He departed this Life July 26. 1540. leaving Issue by his second Wife Erick the Younger who succeeded him but yet died without Issue at Pavia in Italy An. 1584. Return we now to Henry the Eighth surnamed der Duadc who being a Prince of an unquiet Temper that sought all occasions of falling out with his Neighbours involv'd both himself and Subjects in many difficulties He was at last Slain by a Canon Ball at the Siege of Orth a Castle in East-Friesland June 23. 1514. His Wife was Catharine Sister of Bugâ—slaus Duke of Pomerania deceased 1526. which March gave birth to the following Issue 1. Christopher Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen born 1487. deceased Jan. 22. 1558. 2. Henry the Tenth born Nov. 10. 1489. of whom in the next Section 3. Erick the Fourth Commendator of the Teutonick Order taken Prisoner at the Battel of Lunenburg but Ransom'd afterwards He died at Coblentz An. 1525. 4. Francis the Second born 1492. Elected Bishop of Minden 1504. deceased Nov. 29. 1529. 5. George the First Arch-Bishop of Bromen born 1494. deceased Dec. 4. 1562. 6. William the Sixth Commendator of the Order of St. John in Mirow deceased 1558. 7. Catharine the Wife of Magnus the Second Duke of Sax-Lawenburg deceased 1563. And 8. Elizabeth married to William Count Henneberg § VIII We now return to Henry the Tenth a Prince impatient of Ease and a quiet Life In his Youth he served George Duke of Saxony against the Frieslanders He likewise assisted his Uncle Erick against the Bishop of Hildeâ—â—m but above all signaliz'd his Courage and Conduct under the Emperor Charles the Fifth in his Wars against the French In 1525. he suppressed the Insurrection of the Boors by giving 'em a total Defeat He first established the Right to Succession by Birth-right in this Line He was a Mortal Enemy of Luther's nor wou'd he permit any of his Subjects to embrace his Doctrine Moreover he was accused of many high Misdemeanors by the Principal States of the Empire whereupon he was beat out of his Dominions by the Princes of the Smalcaldick League An. 1543. and afterwards taken Prisoner by Maurice Elector of Saxony but again set at liberty An. 1547. and at last died of old Age after many
turns of Fortune in the Year 1568. His first Wife was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Wurtenburg deceased 1541. after whose Death he married Sophia Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland deceased 1575. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Charles Victor born 1521. slain at the Battel of Sivershuse July 19. 1553. 2. Philip Magnus born 1522. and slain in the same Fight 3. Julius born 1528. of whom in the next Section 4. John all short liv'd 5. Henry all short liv'd 6. Joachim And all short liv'd 7. Andrew all short liv'd 8. Catharine married to John Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1537. deceased 1574. 9. Margaret given in Marriage to John Duke of Monsterberg 1561. deceased 1565. 10. Clara who quitting the Cloyster married Philip Duke of Brunswick Grubenhagen mentioned by us towards the latter end of the third Section and died 1595. And 11. Mary Lady Abbess of Gandersheim deceased 1595. § IX Julius succeeding his Father was of a different Opinion to him in matters of Religion and therefore abolished the Popish Superstition commanding the Julian Body of Divinity to be followed throughout his Dominions He likewise opened an University at Helmstadt Oct. 14. 1576. and departed this Life 1589. In 1560. he took to Wife Hedewig Daughter of Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue Male and Female as follow viz. 1. Sophia Hedewig born 1561. married to Ernest Lewis Duke of Pomerania 1577. deceased 1631. 2. Henry Julius born Oct. 15. 1564. of whom we shall soon speak again 3. Mary born 1566. she was married to Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg and died 1626. 4. Elizabeth born 1567. and married after the decease of her first Husband Adolph Count Schaumburg An. 1604. to Christopher Duke of Brunswick-Zell She died 1618. 5. Philip Sigismund Bishop of Ferden and Osnabrug born July 1. 1568. deceased 1623. 6. Margaret born 1571. and deceased in her Infancy 7. Joachim Charles Provost of Strasburg born Ap. 23. 1573. deceased Oct. 9. 1615. 8. Sabina Catharine born 1674. deceased 1590. 9. Dorothy Augusta Lady Abbess of Gandersheim born 1577. deceased 1611. 10. Julius Augustus Abbot of St. Michael in the City of Lunenburg born Feb. 4. 1578. deceased 1617. And 11. Hedewig born 1580. married to Otho the Sixteenth Duke of Brunswick-Zell deceased 1641. We now return to Henry Julius who succeeded his Father Julius in the Dutchy and upon the death of Philip of Grubenhagen pretended to the sole right of succeeding to him also but that being opposed by the other Relations of the said Philip and an unhappy Division like to arise among 'em thereupon it was agreed by all Parties to refer the matter to the decision of the Law and so Henry at last let his Claim fall He departed this Life at Prague An. 1613. In 1585. he took Dorothy Daughter of Augustus Elector of Saxony to his first Wife but she dying two Years after he in 1590. married Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark By these he had Issue 1. Dorothy Hedewig born Feb. 4. 1587. married to Rudolph Prince of Anhalt 1605. deceased 1608. 2. Frederick Ulrick born Ap. 5. 1591. This Prince succeeded his Father and had much ado with the City of Brunswick but in the end brought it to such terms as forced it to submit and do him Homage An. 1616. He departed this Life 1634. and that without Issue by his Wife who was Anne Sophia Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg and so put an end to this Line 3. Sophia Hedewig the Wife of Ernest Casimire Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg born Feb. 20. 1592. deceased 1642. 4. Elizabeth born 1593. married first to Augustus An. 1612. and after his decease to John Philip Dukes of Saxony the One of the now Electoral the Other of the Ernestine Line She died 1650. 5. Hedewig born Feb. 19. 1595. married to Ulrick Duke of Pomerania 1619. deceased 1622. 6. Dorothy born June 8. 1596. married to Christian William Administrator of Magdeburg and Marquess of Brandenburg 1615. deceased 1649. 7. Christian the Second born Sept. 10. 1599. elected Bishop of Halberstadt 1616. deceased 1626. This Prince took part with Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia but was put to Flight by the Imperialists in a Battel fought not far from Hochst Nevertheless he had afterwards better Success against the Spaniard whose Forces he defeated under their Leader Don Francisco Gonsalvo de Corduba 8. Rudolph born 1602. and designed for Bishop of Halberstadt but prevented by Death 1616. 9. Henry Charles born 1609. deceased at Helmstadi 1615. And 10. Anne Augusta born May 19. 1612. and married to George Lewis Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Of the Line of Lunenburg or Zell § X. MAtter 's thus far cleared we now return to Bernhard mentioned by us above in the fifth Section Numb 2. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother Henry had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and died 1434. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony and by her Two Sons and a Daughter viz. 1. Otho the Twelfth surnamed Von der Heyde who succeeded him and married Elizabeth of Eberstein yet died without Issue 1445. 2. Frederick the Third surnamed The Religious of whom immediately And 3. Catharine married to Casimire Duke of Pomerland-stetin Frederick succeeded Otho his Brother and built the Franciscan Monastery at Zell whereunto he retired having given up the Government to his Sons by whose untimely Deaths he was once more forced from thence to return to the Administration of the Publick over which he afterwards presided Seven Years and died 1478. His Wife was Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Children by her as follow viz. 1. Bernhard the Second Administrator of the Arch Bishoprick of Hildesheim which Dignity he resigned after six Years enjoying it and had the Government of Lunenburg put into his hands by his Father upon his retiring from secular Affairs yet died before him and that without Issue notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumberg 2. Otho the Thirteenth surnamed The Victorious a Valiant and Just Prince who succeeded his Brother but yet died before his Father An. 1471. leaving Anne of Nassau a Widow and by her an only Son named Henry the Ninth born 1468. of whom more in the next Section And 3. Margaret married to Henry the Third Duke of Meckleburg § XI Henry the Ninth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy was brought up under the Tuition of his Mother and Grandfather and after he came to the Management of Affairs himself had many Wars He departed this Life at Paris An. 1532. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Ernestus the First Elector of Saxony and by her Issue as followeth namely 1. Elizabeth married to Charles Duke of Guelderland 1518. deceased 1572. 2. Otho the Fourteenth born Aug. 24. 1495. who
his Father He had War with Frederick the Palatine but unsuccessfully for he was taken Prisoner and came off on very hard Terms He died 1475. and by Catharine Daughter of Ernestus of Austria besides three Daughters left three Sons 1. Christopher I. born Novemb. 13. 1453. of whom in the next Section 2. Albert I. born 1456. kill'd with a Great-shot at the Siege of The Dam in Flanders July 23. 1486. 3. Frederick born July 8. 1458. He was Bishop of Utrecht and died Septemb. 24. 1517. § III. This Christopher I. was a wise and fortunate Prince and died April 19. 1527. His Wife was Ottilia Daughter of Philip Earl of Catzenelbogen in Germany by whom he had 1. James II. born June 6. 1471. elected Archbishop of Triers 1505. died unfortunately at Cologne upon the Rhine 1511. 2. Mary Abbess of Lichtenthal died 1519. 3. Bernhand IV. born 1474. of whom in the next Section of the Line of Baden of Baden 4. Charles II. born May 21. but uncertain whether in 1475. or 1476. He was Canon of Triers and Strasburg died 1510. 5. Christopher II. born July 21. 1477. Canon of Strasburg and died March 29. 1508. 6. Philip I. born 1478. His Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of Philip the Palatine by whom he had one only Daughter that surviv'd him viz. Maria Jacobea born 1507. married to William IV. Duke of Bavaria died Nov. 15. 1580. 7. Ottilia born 1480. was Abbess of Pfortzheimen 8. Rodolphus XII Canon of Cologne and Strasburg died Sept. 21 1533. 9. Ernestus born Octob. 7. 1482. the Founder and Enlarger of the now Line of Durlach in Germany of whom in the Line of Durlach 10. Wolfgangus born 1484 died 1522. 11. Sybilla born 1485. married to Philip III. Earl of Hanouer 1503. died 1527. 12. Rosina born March 5. 1487. married to Wolfgangus Count Hohen-Zollern and after his death to John of Aven died 1554. 13. John born and died 1554. 14. Beatrice born June 22. 1492. married to John III. Palatine of Simeren died April 15. 1535. 15. George born 1493. died 1494. Of the Line of Baden of Baden § IV. ANd here we go back to the before-mentioned Bernhard IV. the Father of the now Line of Baden of Baden He took up the Doctrine of Luther planted it throughout his Dominions and died June 29. 1566. His Wife was Frances of Lutzelberg by whom he had 1. Philibert born Jan. 22. 1536. slain in Battel at Momonturne Octob. 3. 1565. and left his Son and Successor Philip II. born Feb. 19. 1559. but died without Issue June 17. 1588. 2. Christopher III. he dwelt in the Castle of Rodemachem and died 1575. His Wife was Caecilia Daughter of Gustavus King of Sweden who brought him 1. Edward surnamed The Fortunate born Septemb. 16. 1565. of whom hereafter 2. Gustavus Christopherus born Aug. 13. 1566. died 1609. 3. Philip III. born 1567. died 1620. 4. Charles IV. born March 7. 1569. died in the City of Genoua 1590. 5 Bernhard born 1570. died 1571. 6. John Charles born 1572. a Knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem before that time transferr'd to Malta died in the Low-Country Wars 1599. Of these Edward the Fortunate born in England his Cousin-Germain Philip the Second being dead came to the Government He embrac'd the Catholick Religion and being press'd with Debt went into the Low-Countries where he serv'd under Albert Arch-Duke of Austria He was married at Bruxels to Mary the Daughter of Jodochus of Eicken free Baron of Riviere and was Slain at his Secretaries Wedding June 18. 1600. and left Three Sons 1. William born 1593. of whom in the next Section 2. Albert Charles kill'd with a Shot 1626. 3. Herman surnamed The Fortunate born 1596. He liv'd in the Castle of Rademachem where also he dy'd 1664. nor left he any Posterity behind him § V. We go back therefore to William the First Eldest Son of Edward the Fortunate who had much to do e're he obtain'd the Marquisate for Ernestus Frederick of the House of Durlach a next Kinsman by the Father's side would not acknowledge the said William and his Brothers as Legitimate for that they were born of the aforesaid Mary of Eicken and therefore having gotten first Possession of the Marquisate so held it till the Emperor Ferdinand the Second declar'd in favour of the Children of the said Edward and gave Sentence that they should be restor'd to the Estate of their Ancestors On which William was made Prince Regent 1622. And in 1640. the Emperor 's chief Delegate in the Diet of Ratisbonne after that President of the Imperial Chamber at Spires and dy'd May 22. 1677. in the Eighty Fourth Year of his Age. His first Wife wâ—â— Catharine Ursula of the House of Zolleraâ—â—â—â— after whose death he married Mary Magdâ—â—â—s of the House of Oetingen and had by both of them Nineteen Children of whom Ten dy'd Young The rest were 1. Ferdinand Maximilian born Sepember 23. 1625. a singular Prince but kill'd by the bursting of a Gun as he was Hunting October 8. 1669. He married Louisa Christiana of Savoy Daughter of Thomas Prince of Carignan 1653. now a Widow and had by her one only Son Lewis William born Apr. 8. 1655. the now Marquess of Baden who after the death of his Father was brought up by his Grand-father whose Successor also he was till being disturb'd by the French and despoil'd of most of his Territories he betook himself to the Emperor by whom he was honourably receiv'd and after several great Actions by him perform'd made Mareschal de Camp against the Turks A Prince to be reckon'd among the chief of his Time 2. Leopold William born Sept. 16. 1626. He was Captain of the Emperor's Yeomen of the Guard and in the Turkish War headed a select part of the Army and having given several proofs of his Valour dy'd 1671. leaving one Son Leopold William the Second born Jan. 20. 1667. He has an Imperfection in his Speech and now lives in the Castle of Laboschitz in Bohemia 3 Philip Sigismund born Aug. 15. 1627. he was a Knight of Malta and Slain in the Battel of Orbitel 1647. 4. William Christopher born Oct. 11. 1628. a Canon of Cologne and Strasburg and and dy'd unfortunately 1652. 5. Herman his Twin-Brother who after many extraordinary Actions by him perform'd is now the Emperor 's Delegate in the Diet at Ratisbonne 6. Bernhard the Sixth born 1629. dy'd at Rome 1649. 7. Catharina Francisca born 1631. a Nun in the Cloyster of Besanson in Burgundy 8. Maria Anna Wilhelmina born 1655. married to Ferdinand Augustus of Lobkowitz Duke of Sagan 1680. 9. Carolus Bervhardus born Jan. 14. 1667. He serv'd the Emperor in the last War against France and was Slain at the Battel of Reinfelden July 5. 1678. but his Body not found Of the Line of Durlach § VI. THe Founder of this Line was Eâ—â—estus of whom before in the third Section Numb 9. among the Sons of Christopher the First He had the Lower Marquisate with
that other of Rotelen by the disposition of his Father liv'd at Durlach was a Lutheran and in great request for his Prudence with the Emperor Maximilian the First He dy'd Feb. 6. 1553. and besides Seven Daughters left Three Sons 1. Bernhard the Fifth born 1517. dy'd the same Year with his Father 2. Charles the Third born July 24. 1529. 3. Albert the Second a Valiant Warrior but dy'd without Children 1642. Of these Charles the Third succeeded his Father and dy'd March 23. 1577. His first Wife was Cunigund Daughter of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg who dying 1558. He married Anne Daughter of Rupert Palatine of Veldentz who dy'd March 30. 1586. and left him 1. Dorothy Ursula born 1559. married to Lewis the Fifth of Wirtenburg and dy'd 1583. 2. Ernest Frederick his Successor born 1560. who as has been said Section 5. had a Dispute with his Kinsmen the Sons of Edward the Fortunate touching the Upper Marquisate or Baden of Baden He was a smart Defender of Lutheranism Founded a famous School at Durlach and dy'd April 14. 1604. but left no Issue tho' married to Anne Daughter of Etzhard Earl of Ostfrise Son of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine 3. James the Third born May 26. 1562. dy'd Aug. 15. 1590. And by Elizabeth Daughter of Florence Earl of Cullenburg left Anne born 1587. who was married to Wolrad of Waldeck and brought him the Earldom of Cullenburg and dy'd 1648. And one Posthumous Son James Ernestus who liv'd not long 4. George Frederick born Jan. 10. 1573. § VII This George succeeded his Brothers and suffer'd much by means of the Palatine Frederick the Fifth whose Party he adher'd to He dy'd at Geneva Sept 14. 1638. and had to Wife Juliana Ursula of Raugrave who dy'd 1614. and after that Agatha of the House of Erpace by whom he had Seventeen Children of which Eleven dy'd untimely The rest were 1. Catharine Ursula born Jan. 19. 1593. married to Otto of Hesse-Cassel 1613. dy'd Dec. 21. 1616. 2. Frederick the Second of whom presently 3. Anna Amalia born 1595. marry'd to William of Nassau in Saarbrucken 1615. dy'd 1652. 4. Charles the Fifth born 1598. dy'd in his Travel through France July 27. 1625. 5. Christopher the Fourth born March 16. 1603. Slain at the Siege of Ingolstadt Apr. 30. 1632. 6. Sibilla Magdalena born July 21. 1605. married June 7. 1629. to John of Nassau in Saarbrucken Frederick the Second born July 6. 1594. succeeded his Father He was a Prince of a general Learning took part with the King of Sweden which occasion'd him divers Troubles which he in a manner got out of by the Treaty of Osenburg dy'd Sept. 8. 1659. and had by Five Wives Eleven Children Six of which dy'd Infants The rest were 1. Frederick the Third born Nov. 6. 1617. of whom in the next Section 2. Sibilla born Feb. 5. 1620. dy'd unmarried Aug. 20. 1679. 3. Charles Magnus born March 17. 1621. he did the King of Sweden good Services and by that means came to be Lieutenant General of his Army dy'd Nov. 19. 1658. and left one Son Charles Frederick born 1651. He was a Knight of Malta and dy'd without Issue 1677. 4. Johanna born 1623. married to John Barnim Camp-Marshal of Sweden and after his Death to Henry Count of Thun 1648. and has been dead some Years 5. Gustavus Adolphus Abbot of Fulda in Germany and Cardinal He dy'd Dâ—â— 24. 1677. § VIII Frederick the Third succeeded his Father He was a Prince so great a Master of all the Arts of Peace and War that he wâ—â— General to the Emperor in the last War against the French and discharg'd it with Honour but having recover'd Philipsburg to the Empire dy'd 1677. in the Sixty Sixth Year of his Age His Wife was Christiana Magdalena Daughter of John Casimier Palatine of Bipont whom he married at Stockboim 1642. and had by her 1. Frederick Casimier born 1643. dy'd 1644. 2. Christiana born 1645. married 1665. to Albert Marquess of Brandenburg Ansbach and after his death to John Frederick Duke of Saxon-Gotham 1681. 3. Eleanora Catharina born and dy'd 1646. 4. Fredericus Magnus born Sept. 27. 1646. the now Reigning Prince He married Augusta Maria Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick May 15. 1670. by whom he had Ten Children of which Four dy'd Infants The rest now living are 1. Catharine born Oct. 10. 1676. 2. Carolus Wilhelmus born Jan. 17. 1679. 3. Johanna Elizabetha born Oct. 3. 1680. 4. Alberta Frederica born July 3. 1682. 5. Christopher born Sept. 28. 1684. 6. Charlotte Sophia born March 1. 1686. 5. Carolus Gustavus born Sept. 27. 1648. a Warlike Prince and had to Wife Anna Sophia Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg married to him 1677. who brought him 1. Christiana Juliana born Sept. 12. 1678. 2. Charles born and dy'd 1680. 3. Frederick Rodolph born 1681. dy'd 1682. 4. Charles Anthony born Jan. 29. 1683. 6. Catharina Barbara born 1650. yet unmarried 7 Johanna Elizabetha born 1651. married to John Frederick Marquess of Brandendurg Ansbach dy'd Sept. 8. 1680. 8. Eleanora Frederica born and dy'd 1658. But the aforesaid Frederick's Wife dying he had Two natural Sons by a Private Gentlewoman her Father tho' a Colonel of Horse to wit Frederick and Bernhard call'd the Barons of Muntzenheim which Fief being possest by the Baron Hoffart and Escheated to him he conferr'd on them Of the Augmentations of this Family § IX HOw this Family got the Marquisate of Baden we have already shown After that Herman the Fourth had Durlach Heildesheim and Etlingen with his Wife the Daughter of Henry Count Palatine of Guelffe In the Year 1246. Herman the Fifth obtained the Dutchy of Austria and Stiria in right of his Wife In 1415. the County of Hochberg was further added A great part of Sponheim in 1437. and at the same time Mahlberg and Lobra in Ortenaw In 1444. Christopher hook'd in Baden-Weiler and Welschberg and after that Rodemachern Herspringen and Ufeldingen And upon the death of his Kinsman Philip the Landtgraviate of Sansenberg and the Seigniory of Rotelen fell in to the rest And lastly the Family of the Earls of Eberstein being extinct the greatest part of that County was added to that Family Of its Decreasings § X. THis Family suffer'd a loss about the middle of the Thirteenth Century at what time Ottocar King of Bohemia took Austria and Stiria from Frederick the rightful Heir But in the Last and this present French War both the Lines of this Family have suffer'd and do yet suffer And moreover has a pretence to the Principality of Geroltzeck CHAP. XV. Of the Family of Anhalt and Saxon-Lawenburg § I. THo' this Family be for Antiquity past all Memory yet it was known in the Year 524. by the Name of the Counts of Ascania and Ballenstedt After which Albert the Sixth of that House was by the Emperor Henry the Second created Marquess of Soltquel and died 1005. But when under Conrade the
Third the Family of the Ancient Marquesses of Brandenburg descended from the Counts of Staden and Ringelheim began to wear out Albert Ursus Marquess of Soltquel Ballenstedt and Wolpe was made Marquess of Brandenburg 1142. and dy'd Nov. 18. 1169. He had Two Wives first Sophia Daughter of Otto Earl of Reneck Secondly Helica Daughter of Conrade surnamed The Pious Marquess of Misnia He had by his first Wife 1. Otto Marquess and Elector of Brandenburg whose Posterity went out in Woldemar II. 1322. 2. Bernhard who upon the Proscription of Henry Leon had the Dutchy by the Gift of Frederick Barbarossa and dy'd 1212. leaving 1. Albert the First Duke and Elector of Saxony who dy'd 1260. and left 1. Albert the Second Duke and Elector of Saxony whose Posterity fail'd in Albert the Sixth 1422. 2. John the First who was the Founder of a new Line to wit Lawenburg in whose Male Issue it lasted till the Year 1688. at what time Julius Franciscus born 1640. the last of that Line dy'd leaving only Two Daughters 1. Anna Maria Francisca born June 13. 1672. 2. Francisca Sibilla Augusta born June 21. 1675. 2. Henry the Elder who by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa was made the first Prince of Anhalt § II. This Henry therefore we reckon the common Father of the now Family of Anhalt He dy'd 1257. and from whom we may go in a right Line to Joachim Ernestus born 1536. His Father was John the Fourth his Mother Margaret Daughter of Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburg Widow of George Duke of Pomeran and after the death of his Brothers sole Governour of the Provinces of Anhalt His Residence was in the Castle of Dessaw in Germany and dy'd Dec. 6. 1586. having had to Wife Agnes Daughter of Wolfgang Earl of Barbye who dy'd 1569. and after her Eleanora Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wirtenburg and by both of them had Sixteen Children 1. Anna Maria born 1562. married to Joachim Frederick Duke of Lignitz dy'd 1604. 2. Agnes born 1562. dy'd 1564. 3. Elizabeth born 1563. married to John George Elector of Brandenburg 1577. dy'd 1607. 4. Sibilla born Sept. 28. 1564. married to Frederick Duke of Wirtenburg 1581. dy'd 1614. 5. John George the First born March 9. 1567. of whom in the following Line of Dessaw 6. Christian the First born 1568. of whom Section 4. in the Line of Bernburg 7. Bernhard the Eighth born 1570. or as others Sept. 25. 1572. Slain as it s said in a Battle at Erlaw in Hungary Sept. 25. 1596. 8. Agnesa Hedewig born March 12. 1573. married to Augustus Elector of Saxony 1586. who dying 1588. she married John Duke of Holstein of the Line of Sunderburg and dy'd Nov. 3. 1616. 9. Dorothea Maria born July 2. 1574. married to John the Second Duke of Saxon-Vinar 1593. dy'd July 18. 1617. 10. Augustus born July 14. 1575. of whom more in the fifth Section 11. Rodolphus the Fifth born Oct. 28. 1576. the Founder of the Servestan Line of whom Section 6. 12. John Ernestus born May 1. 1578. He gave several Instances of his Courage but more especially in the taking Alba Regalis in Hungary by Storm 1601. dy'd Dec. 12. 1602. 13. Lodovick the First born June 17. 1579. He was the beginner of the Line of Coctan now extinct and dwelt in the Castle and City of Coctan where he was the Founder of that fruitful Society of Jruchtbringenden Geselschafft dy'd Jan. 7. 1650. His first Wife was Amaena Amalia of the House of Benthem in Westphalia who dying 1625. he married Sophia of the House of Lippien the Year following who dy'd 1650. by both which he had 1. Lodovick the First born 1607. dy'd 1624. 2. Louisa Amalia born 1609. dy'd 1625. 3. Louisa born 1634. dy'd 1635. 4. Wilhelmus Lodovicus born Aug. 3. 1638. who succeeded his Father and took to Wife Elizabetha Charlotta a Niece of the House of Hatzgerod 1663. but dy'd without Issue Apr. 13. 1665. 14. Sabina born 1580. dy'd unmarried 15. Joachim Christopher born 1582. dy'd 1583. 16. Anna Sophia born 1584. she was the Wife of Gunther Albertus of Swartzburg dy'd 1657. Of the Line of Dessaw § III. MAtter 's thus brought together we go back to John George the First Eldest Son of Joachim Ernestus the Founder of this Line who in the division of the Estate had to his share Gesnitz Schandersleben Worbtzig and Radegast He profest the Reform'd Religion and dy'd May 13. 1618. His first Wise was Dorothy the Daugher of Albert Count Mansfeldt who dy'd 1594. His second Dorothy Daughter of John Casimier Palatinate of Simmeren in the Lower Palatinate who was married to him 1595. and dy'd 1618. He had by his first Wife Five Children and by his latter Eleven as they here follow 1. Sophia Elizabetha born Feb. 10. 1589. married to George Rodolphus Duke of Lignitz dy'd 1622. 2. Agnes Magdalena born March 29. 1590. married to Otto Landtgrave of Hesse 1617. dy'd 1626. 3. Anna Maria born 1591. dy'd unmarried 1637. 4. Joachim Ernestus the Second born July 16. 1592. dy'd May 28. 1615. 5. Christianus born 1593. dy'd 1594. 6. John Cassmier of whom a little after 7. Anna Elizabetha born 1599. married to William Earl of Bentheim 8. Frederick Mauritius born 1600. dy'd 1610. 9. Eleanora Dorothea born Feb. 6. 1602. married to William the Second Duke of Saxon-Wimar 1625. dy'd 1664. 10. Sibilla Christiana born Jan. 10. 1603. first married to Philip Mauritius and after his death to Frederick Casimier Earl of Hanouer 11. Georgius Albertus born June 3. 1606. dy'd Nov. 14 1643. leaving by Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Krosegg 1. Christianus Albertus Count Beringen Lord in Waldersee and Radegast dy'd 1677. 2. Sophia now living with her Mother in the Castle of Radegast 3. Eleanora married to John George of Solms dy'd 1677. 12. Cunigunda Juliana born 1608. married to Herman Landtgrave of Hesse-Cassel dy'd 1656. 13. Henricus Woldemarus born and dy'd 1609. 14. Susanna Margareta born 1610. Wife to John Philip of Hanouer dy'd 1663. 15. Johanna Dorothea born 1612. married to Mauritius of Bentheim 16. Eva Catharina born 1613. dy'd unmarried Dec. 15. 1679. Of these the before-mentioned John Casimier succeeded his Father and dy'd Sept. 15. 1660. His first Wife was Agnes the Daughter of Mauritius of Hesse married to him 1623. who dying May 28. 1650. His second was Sophia Margareta a First Cousin of the House of Bernburg who dy'd Dec. 28. 1673. He had by his first Wife besides Louisa born 1631. married 1648. and dying April 25. 1680. John George the Second born Nov. 7. 1627. who after the death of his Father took upon him the Government and now supplies the place of Deputy to the Elector of Brandenburg He married Henrica Catharina Daughter of Henry Frederick Prince of Orange by Amalia of Solms 1658. and had by her 1. Emilia Louisa born 1660. dy'd an Infant 2. Henrica Amalia born 1662. dy'd an Infant 3. Frederick Casimier born 1663. dy'd 1665. 4. Elizabetha Albertina
born 1665. made Abbess of Hervorden in Westphalia 1680. 5. Amalia born 1666. married to Henry Casimier Prince of Nassau Hereditary Governour of West-Friesland 1684. 6. Louisa Sophia born 1667. dy'd 1668. 7. Maria Eleanora born 1671. married to George Prince of Ratzevil in Lithuania now a Widow 8. Henrica Agnes born Jan. 9. 1674. married to Henry Duke of Saxony 1689. 9. Leopoldus Hereditary Prince born July 3. 1676. 10. Johanna Charlotta born Apr. 6. 1682. Of the Line of Bernburg § IV. CHristian second Son of Joachim Ernestus was the Beginner of this Line To his share in the Division of the Estate fell the Lordship of Bernburg the County of Ballenstedt the Presidency of Hatzgerod with the Covent of Gernrod a Prince either for Field or Counsel He died April 20. 1630. and left fourteen Children by Anne Countess of Bentheim of which four died young and Sybilla Elizabetha Agnesa Magdalena Amalia Sophia Louisa Amalia Dorothea Bathild died unmarried The rest were 1. Christianus II. of whom by and by 2. Eleanora Maria born Aug. 7. 1600. married to Albertus II. Prince of Meckleburg and Gustrow in Germany died 1657. 3. Ernestus II. born May 19. 1608. slain at the Battel of Lutzen 1632. 4. Frederick born Novemb. 16. 1613. The Branch of Hatzgerod sprang from him He died June 30. 1670. His first Wife was Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Nassau who died March 2. 1647. his second Maria Elizabetha of the House of Lippa By the first of which he had 1. William II. born Aug. 18. 1643. he succeeded his Father in Hatzgerod and married Julia Elizabetha Albertina Countess of Selms of the Line of Laubach with whom he lives as yet Childless 2. Anna Ursula born 1645. died 1647. 3. Elizabetha Charlotta born Feb. 11. 1647. married 1663. to William Lodovick a Cadet of the Line of Coten and after his death to Augustus II. Duke of Hâ—ls Plonen 5. Sophia Margareta born Sept. 16. 1615. married to John Casimier a Cadet of the House of Dessaw died Decemb. 28. 1673. Of these Christian II. succeeded his Father and made his Residence at Bernburg where he died 1565. He married Eleanora Sophia Daughter of John Duke of Holsat Sundurburg 1625. by whom he had a great many Children of whom yet the here named only came to maturity viz. 1. Victor Amadaeus born Octob. 6. 1634. He succeeded his Father and married Elizabetha Daughter of Frederick Palatine of Bipont who died April 17. 1677. having brought him Five Children 1. Carolus Frederick born July 13. 1668. 2. Lebrecht born June 28. 1669. 3. Sophta Juliana born Octob. 26. 1672. died Aug. 21. 1674. 4. Johannes Georgius born Feb. 14. 1674. 5. Christianus born and died 1675. 2. Eleanora Hedewig born Octob. 28. 1635. not yet married 3. Angelica born June 6. 1639. unmarried 4. Anna Sophia born Septemb. 13. 1640. married to George Frederick Count Solms 1664. 5. Carolus Ursinus born 1643. died at Parma in Italy Jan. 4. 1660. 6. Anna Elizabetha born March 19. 1647. married to Christian Ulrick Duke of Wittenberg of the Line of Silesia 1672. died Sept. 3. 1680. Of the Line of Plotzkow now Caethane § V. AUgustus third Son of Joachim Ernestus had his Seat in the Castle of Pletzkow a Prince worthy of all Praise dying spent with Years Aug. 22. 1653. and 78th of his Age. He married Sybilla Countess of Solms 1618. who died a Widow March 23. 1659. by whom he had Eight Children 1. Johanna born Nov 24. 1618. a Deaconess of Quidlenburg in Saxony 2 Ernestus Gottlieb born Sept. 4. 1620. died 1654. 3. Lebrecht born April 5. 1622. He reviv'd the extinct Line of Caethane died Issueless Sept 7. 1669. 4. Dorothea born 1623. died 1637. 5. Ehernpreisz born 1625. died 1626. 6. Sophia born 1627. died Nov. 24. 1679. 7. Elizabeth born March 31. 1630. 8. Emanuel born Oct. 26. 1631. He return'd from the Defence of Candia succeeded his Brother and married Anna Eleanora Countess of Stolburg March 23. 1670. but died the same Year leaving his Wife with Child of Emanuel Lebrecht born May 20. 1671. the only surviving Branch of the Line of Caethane Of the Line of Servestan § VI. THe first of this Line was Rodolphus V. fourth Son of Joachim Ernestus who in the Division with the City of Servestan had the Lordships of Lindaw Coswigt and Roslaw He died 1622. His Wives were 1. Dorothea Hedewig Daughter of Herry Julius Duke of Brunswick who died 1608. 2. Magdalena Daughter of John Count Oldenburg who died 1657. By both which he had 1. Dorothea born Sept. 25. 1607. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick Octob. 26. 1623. died Sept. 26. 1634. 2. Eleanora born 1608. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein of the Line of Nordburg 1632. died 1681. 3. Elizabeth born 1617. died 1639. 4. John V. born March 24. 1621. As also two other Daughters whose Names are unknown Of these John succeeded his Father He was brought up by his Uncle Anthony Gunther Earl of Oldenburg and died July 4. 1667. His Wife was Sophia Augusta Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick in Denmark whom he married 1649. She died a Widow 1681. and brought him Fourteen Children 1. John Frederick born 1650. died 1651. 2. George Rodolphus born 1651. died 1652. 3. Charles William born Octob. 26. 1652. He succeeded his Father and is the now Prince of this Line He married Sophia Daughter of Augustus formerly President of Magdeburg June 18. 1676. by whom he had 1. John Augustus born July 20. 1677. 2. Charles Frederick born July 8. 1678. 3. Magdalen Augusta born Oct. 20. 1679. 4. Anthony Gunther born Nov. 11. 1653. 5. John Adolphus born Dec. 2. 1654. 6. John Lodowick born May 4. 1656. 7. Joachim Ernestus born 1657. died 1658. 8. magdalena Sybilla born 1658. died 1659. 9. Frederica born and died 1660. 10. Hedewig Maria Eleanora born and died 1662. 11. Sophia Augusta born March 9. 1663. 12. Albertus born and died 1665. 13. Augustus born 1666. died 1667. 14. A Daughter without Name 1668. Of the Augmentations of This Family § VII WE have already noted how Albertus Ursus was in the Year 1152. made Marquess of Brandenburg In 1180. Bernhard obtained the Dutchy of Saxony with the Electoral Dignity In 1630. Julius Henricus of Saxon Lawenburg got the Principality of Slackwerd in Bohemia in right of his Wife And about the Year 1650. John of Servestan had the Soveraignty of Jervan by the Bequest of Anthony Gunther Count Oldenburg Of its Decreasings § VIII IN 1315. the County of Ascania with the City of Aschersleben came to the Bishop of Halberstadt In 1322. the Country and Electorate of Brandenburg fell from this Family In 1418. it lost the Upper Saxony with that Electorship In 1640. William Duke of Brunswick in Lunenburg surnamed The Victorious took from it the County of Wolpe which yet remains in the Family In the next French War the King of France outed the Line of Servestan of the Soveraignty of Jervan and gave it up
to the King of Denmark which yet by an amicable Composition was restor'd again in August 1689. Yet the Family of Anhalt makes Pretension to the Dutchy of Lower Saxony vulgarly call'd Sachsen or Saxon-Lawenburg by the death of Julius Franciscus in 1689. the last Duke of Lower Saxony and of that Lineage CHAP. XVI Of the Family of Nassau and Orange § I. OF this Family there are some things to be enlarg'd on in regard the now King of England William Henry is descended from it But not to perplex our selves too much in searching out its Original which certain it is flourish'd in the IX Century it sufficeth at present if we take notice That from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnamed The Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Saraepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine our selves singly to that This Otto in the Division of the Patrimony had to his share the Counties of Dillenburg and Bielstien and left one Son Henry Father of Otto II. who married Adelheid Daughter of Godfrey Earl of Viand by whom he had John Father of Engelbert and Adolphus who died without Issue But Engelbert married very advantageously with Joan of Poland Daughter and Heir of Philip Baron of Leck and Breda who brought him John II. born Aug. 1. 1410. who by his Wife Mary Countess of Lohen and Heinsburg had Engelbert II. who died without Issue and John III. who by Elizabeth of the House of Hesse had two Sons Henry and William the Elder of whom and of his Posterity we shall speak Sect. III. § II. Henry born Aune 12. 1483. His first Wife Frances the Daughter of James Earl of being dead he took Claudia Daughter of John Cabillonius Prince of Orange 1515. who also dying 1521. he married Mencia Mendora Daughter of Radericus Marquess of Genett afterwards Duke of Calabria He had Issue by Claudia only to wit Renatus whom his Uncle Philibert Prince of Orange having no Issue of his own adopted and left him Heir of the Principality 1530. Renatus also dying without Children 1544. he bequeathed all to his Cousin-German William who being content with what he had in the Low-Countries and Orange gave up all beyond the Rhine to his Brother John and was a Prince worthy of all Memory His first Son was Henry Philip William who died without Issue 1618. by which means the Principality came to his Brother maurice a well-experienc'd Prince either for Peace or War He died April 23. 1625. but unmarried whereby having no legitimate Issue he was succeeded by his Brother Henry Frederick third Son of William the Younger whom after the death of the said Maurice the States of the United Provinces of the Low Countries made Stadt-Holder which he manag'd with a surpassing Courage and Conduct He died 1647. and by Amalia Countess of Solms who died in 1675. left Four Daughters 1. Louisa married Decemb. 7. 1646. to Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg died June 6. 1667. 2. Henrica Aemilia born Oct. 26. 1628. married 1648. to William Frederick Prince of Nassau and Hereditary Governour of Friesland now a Widow 3. Henrica Catharina born 1637. married 1658. to John George II. Prince of Anhalt 4. Mary born 1641. married to Lewis Herman Maurice Francis Palatine of Simmeren died in March 1678. by whom he had two Sons William and Lewis who died an Infant The former a magnanimous Prince how unfortunately soever he died Nov. 6. 1650. He was married in the Fifteenth Year of his Age to Mary eldest Daughter of Charles I. King of Great Britain who died Decemb. 24. 1660. From which Marriage but born after the death of his Father came William Henry born Novemb. 4. 1650. He was restored to the Dignity of his Ancestors in the Stadt-Holdership of the United Provinces 1672. and as born to greater was elected and proclaimed King of England Feb. 13. 1688. and thereupon Crown'd April 10. following and not long after declar'd King of Scotland He married Mary eldest Daughter of James Duke of York second Son of Charles I. and after the death of his elder Brother Charles II King of England with whom he now lives § III. We now now to John III. Son of William the Elder and Brother of William Prince of Orange He dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had 25 Children of which 4 only are chiefly to be remembred in this place viz. John George Ernestus Casimier and John Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand III. in the Diet of Ratisbonne March 3. 1654. conferr'd the Honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire Of the Line of Siegen § IV. THe Beginner of this Line was John surnamed Medius Son of John III. who had 23 Children by two Wives but we shall first mention those of the Second Marriage 1. John Mauritius surnamed Americanus a Prince the most remarkable of our time He was Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem Vicegerent of the Dutchy of Cleves and the Principality of Mindane c. Died Decemb. 20. 1679. in the 75th Year of his Age. 2. George Frederick he commanded the Prince of Orange's Regiment of Horse-Guards and died without Issue 1674. 3. Henry Governour of the City of Huy in Flanders and died first of his Brothers He had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John Ernestus Earl of Limburg who died 1653. and by her 1. Frederick who in the Leagure of Maestricht got the Bloody Flux of which he died at Ruremond in Septemb. 1676. 2. William Maurice He was Colonel of a Regiment of Switz and General for the States of the United Provinces in the Low Countries He married Ernesta Charlotta Daughter of Adolphus Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Jan. 6. 1678. by whom he had one Son born Feb. 20. 1680. whose Name yet has not occurr'd to us 3. Sophia Amalia married to Frederick Casimier Duke of Courland She died Dec. 25. 1688. By his first Marriage he had two Sons John the Younger and William born of Magdalen Countess of Waldeck William was married to Christian Countess of Erpach but left no Son by her and died 1642. John went off to the Church of Rome and by Ernestina of Arenburg and after his death which was in 1638. left One Son and Two Daughters 1. John Francis Desideratus who serv'd the King of Spain and was by him made Knight of the Golden Fleece and in 1680. Governour of Gelderland in Lower Germany He was twice married First to Johanna Claudia Countess of Conigseck who died 1664. next to Maria Eleanora Sophia Daughter of Herman Fortunatus Marquiss of Baden who died 1668. From both which these only that I find got up to years 1. Mary Leopoldina married to Maurice Henry a Kinsman by the Father's side of the Line of Hademar She died
dy'd 1687. Anthony the Elder Brother born June 4. 1489. had the Dutchy of Lorrain and Barry and dy'd June 15. 1544. leaving Issue by Renata of Bourbon Daughter of Gilbert Earl of Montpensier Francis Duke of Lorrain and Bar a Prince adorned with all the Beauties of Mind and Body but taken off by an Apoplexy in the Flower of his Youth His only Son was Charles the Second Duke of Lorrain and Bar born Feb. 18. 1543. married Claudia Daughter of Henry the Second King of France and died Dec. 10. 1608. His Issue were 1. Henry Duke of Lorrain and Bar born Nov. 8. 1563. who succeeded his Father and took to Wife Catharine Daughter of Anthony King of Navarre An. 1599. But she dying in 1604. he Two Years after married Margaret Gonzaga Daughter of Vincent Duke of Mantua By the last Lady he left Issue Two Daughters Nicholaea born 1608. and Claudia The one married to Charles the Third and deceased Feb. 20. 1657. The other to Nicholas Francis and died 1656. 2. Christina born Aug. 6. 1565. married to Ferdinand the Great Duke of Tuscany 1589. deceased Jan. 19. 1637. 3. Charles Bishop of Metz and Strasburg born July 1. 1567. he was likewise promoted to the Dignity of a Cardinal on Dec. 12. 1588. 4. Antonia born Aug. 26. 1568. married to William Duke of Cleves and Mons 1599. deceased Aug. 18. 1610. 5 Anne born and deceased 1570. 6. Francis Count de Vaudemont born Feb. 27. 1571. of whom in the next Section 7. Catharine Lady Abbess of Remirmont born Nov. 3. 1572. deceased March 7. 1648. 8. Elizabeth born Nov. 3. 1573. married to Maximilian Duke of Bavaria 1595. deceased Jan. 4. 1635. And 9. Claudia born and deceased 1574. § III. We now return to Francis Count de Vaudemont who succeeded his Brother Henry in the Dutchies of Lorrain and Bar married Christina Daughter of Paul Count Solms and died 1632. leaving Issue Five Children whose Names were 1. Henry deceased an Infant 2. Charles the Third his Father's Successor born 1603. a Bold and Valiant Prince yet by reason of some Divisions and Discontents in his Family but chiefly seeing himself like to die without Issue sold all his Dominions to the French King But beginning to repent of what he had done and willing to evade his Contract was forced to stand to it by the French who beat him out of his Dutchy which he could never again recover His first Dutchess was Nicholaea Daughter to his Uncle Duke Henry whom he Divorc'd and married Beatrix de Cussance Daughter of Eugenius Prince of after whose decease he in 1665. took Mary Daughter of Charles Count d' Aspremont to his third Wife yet died without lawful Issue An. 1675. 3. Nicholas Francis Bishop of Toul promoted to a Cardinal's Hat in 1626. yet afterwards quitted his Orders and acted a secular Prince marrying the Lady Claudia Daughter to his Uncle Henry Duke of Lorrain which Match gave Birth to the most Illustrious Hero Charles Leopold Sixtus of whom in the next Section 4. Henrica born 1606. deceased 1660. having had Five Husbands namely 1. Lewis de Guise 2. Jerom Grimaldi 3. Christopher de Moura 4. Charles de Gascoigne And 5. The Baron de Cantelou 5. Margaret born 1616. married to Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans 1632. deceased Ap. 13. 1672. § IV. We are now come to speak of Charles Leopold the now rightful Duke of Lorain born 1643. A Prince highly esteem'd by His Imperial Majesty whose General he is A Prince without dispute the greatest Hero of the Age having by his late Renowned Actions against the Turks which can scarce be Parallelled in Story joyned with what he daily performs against the French already raised himself to such a pitch of Glory as will render his Name Immortal to all Posterity In 1678. he married Eleanora Maria Josepha of Austria Sister to the present Emperor and Dowager of Michael late King of Poland who hath born him Issue at Inspruck in the Principality of Tyrol as followeth viz. 1. Leopoldus Josephus Carolus Agapetus Hyacintus born Sept. 11. 1679. 2. Josephus Johannes Antonius Ignatius Felicissimus born Nov. 24. 1680. 3. Another Son deceased before it was Christened 4. Ferdinandus Josephus Philippus Romanus Laurentius born Aug. 17. 1683. 5. Josephus Innocentius Emanuel Felicianus Constantinus born Oct. 20. 1685. 6. Franciscus Antonius Josephus Maria Ambrosius Nicholaus born Dec. 8. 1689. N. S. CHAP. XVIII Of the Family of the Duke of Tuscany § I. WE remark'd above in the Life of the Emperor Rudolph the First That he alienated from the Empire and gave their Freedom to several Cities in Italy amongst which the City of Florence paid for her Liberty 6000 Shillings But upon the breaking out of great Heats and Tumults between the Commons and the Nobles in the Year 1311. it submitted it self to the Protection of Robert King of Naples according to Machiavil Sicily but it did not long continue in that State but was afterwards under the Government of the Duke of Calabria and after him of the Dukes of Athens who having renounced the Government and the Nobles being over-powered by the Commonalty it became Monarchial For An. 1434. Cosmo de Medices a Citizen and whose Ancestors were Merchants was elected Prince by the Populace Piero or Peter de Medices Prince Cosmo's Grandson having without the Senates knowledge entred into a League with the French King Chap. VIII was ejected by the Flerentines who enjoy'd their ancient Liberty till An. 1512. Ferdinand the Catholick King restor'd the Medicean Family which nevertheless in the Year 1529. was again expell'd by the Flerentines And altho' the Emperor Chap. V. seized on the City and made Alexander de Medices who had married his natural Daughter Margaret their Governour yet he being Slain the Populace made choice of his Kinsman Cosmo de Medices § II. This Cosmo commonly called the First was declared King of Tuscany by Pope Paul the Fifth in 1569. But upon the Emperor Maximilian the Second's much opposing it he threw aside the Title of King and took that of Great Duke of Tuscany His Son Francis in 1575. married Joan the Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the First by whom he had Ferdinand the First Father of Cosmo the Second who died 1670. and left a Son Cosmo the Third born 1642. the present Grand Duke who by Margaret Lovise Daughter of Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans has a Son viz. Gaston who in 1688. married Violanta Beatrix Daughter of Ferdinand Maria and Sister to the present Elector of Bavaria § III. As for what concerns this Prince's Dominions In Tuscany and Pisa he is Soveraign But Feudatory to His Catholick Majesty for Siena and Massa and great part of the Isse of Elbe to whom upon that account he yearly pays 10000 Florins Lastly he holds the City Saturnia as a Fief of the Empire His Power may be guess'd by his Yearly Revenues which are estimated at 1800000 Shillings CHAP. XIX Of the House of Savoy
1. Ferdinand Wenceslaus born Sept. 28. 1667. deceased Jan. 13. 1668. 2. Maria Antonia Josepha born Jan. 18. 1669. and married to Maximilian Emanuel Elector of Bavaria 1686. or 5. 3. John born and dead the same Year viz. 1670. And 4. Mariana Josepha likewise born and deceased the same Year viz. 1672. By the second he had only two Daughters both short liv'd viz. 1. Anne Mary born and dead the same Year 1674. And 2. Maria Josepha born 1675. deceased the Year following But by the present Empress 1. Joseph James Ignatius John Antony Eustachius the Joy and Hope of his Parents born July 16. O.S. 1678. Crown'd King of Hungary 1688. 2. Mary Elizabeth Licia Teresa Josepha born Decemb. 13. 1680. 3. Leopold Joseph Philip William Francis Anthony Erasmus born 1682. deceased Aug. 4. 1684. 4. Mary Anne Josepha Antonia Regina born Septemb. 7. 1683. 5. Mary Teresa born Aug. 22. 1684. 6. Charles Francis Joseph Wenceslaus Balthasar John Anthony Ignatius born Octob. 1. 1685. O. S. 7. Mary Josepha Collecta Antonia born March 6. 1687. O. S. And 8. Anne Josepha Antonia Magdalen Gabriele March 26. 1689. O. S. Of the Augmentation of this Family § XVII 'T Is to be observ'd of the Earls of Habsburg That they were not simply such but Soveraign Princes also an Argument whereof is their having Noble men for their Tasters and Cup-bearers Moreover about the time of Rudolph they were possess'd of no less than eight several Counties viz. Habsburg Kyburg Baden Lentsburg Thun Reinsfelden Ruppetswiel and Niddow besides the Landtgraveships or Landtgraviates of Alsace Torgaw and the Lesser Burgundy See Spener's Oper. Herald lib. 1. c. 9. Sect. 62. and Sigismund van Berken c. lib. 1. c. 5. pag. 37. Afterwards Rudolph when he came to be Emperour in 1273. held a Dyet at Ausburg in 1282 where by the unanimous Consent of the Princes of the Empire he had Austria Stiria Vinidorum Marchia and Carniola setled on his eldest Son Albert as also Schwaben on Rudolph as a Fee Farm of the Empire then void In 1324. Albert II. had the County of Pfirte in Dowry with his Wife In 1330. Lewis of Bavaria the Emperour mortgag'd Brisac Schaffhuse and Newenburg in Switzerland to the House of Austria for Forty Thousand Crowns and three Years after gave it the Dutchy of Carinthia then without a Prince to be held in Fee of the Empire In 1363. this Family became possess'd of the County of Tyrol by the Donation of Margaret Maultaschen And in 1366. it bought Freiburg in Brifgow for twelve thousand Crowns In 1373. Leopold II. purchased the Earldom of Feldkirchen in Nebelgovia for six and thirty thousand Florens as also Pludentz Sargan and Heiligenberg and had the Government of Schwaben mortgag'd to him by the Emperour Wenceslaus In 1456 the last Count of Cillei being slain that County was claim'd by the House of Austria as part of Stiria In 1476 or 7. Maximilian I. by a Marriage with the Princess Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Charles the Hardy last Duke of Burgundy became in her right possess'd of the Earldom of Burgundy or Franche Comté and the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands together with a Right to the Dutchy of Burgundy Three Years before this Frederick his Father the Emperour had the County of Goritia or Gortz in Friuli fell to him together with the Cities of Grado Ticect and Zeng on the Adriatick Sea upon the death of the last Count thereof and by right of Agreement to a mutual Succession 'twixt him and that Prince In 1496. Philip I. married Johanna sole Daughter and Heiress of Ferdinand King of Spain and by that Match annexed all Spain the Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily the Islands of Sardinia Majorca Minorca and Malta to the House of Austria In 1527. Ferdinand I. in right of his Wife added the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bobemia with all their Dependencies to the same Family In Charles V.'s Reign there was an Accession of the Dutchy of Milan as a Fief of the Empire then void In 1580. Philip II. partly in pretended right of his Wife and partly by right of Inheritance from his Mother Isabella but chiefty by force of Arms possess'd himself of Portugal as also whatever else the Portuguese then held either in the East-Indies or Atlantick Sea Ferdinand the Second Emperour of the Name wholly reduced the Kingdom of Bohemia together with Moravia Silesia and Lusatia Joseph I. was made King of Hungary by right of Inheritance on the Ninth of December 1687. whereas 'till then that Kingdom had been Elective But more than this the House of Austria has for many Ages now past enjoy'd the Imperial Dignity which indeed can be transferred from it to no other without apparent danger to the whole Empire It is also in some expectance of the Dutchy of Wirtenburg's falling to it See Layritz Palmwald pag. 477. Of its Losses or Decrease § XVIII OF the Cities and Provinces above-mention'd many have again been lost by this Family through the injury of Time And indeed the first Loss suffer'd by it was in the Fourteenth Century at which time the Counties of Habsburg Baden and Kiburg were taken from it by the prosperous Success of the Arms of the Swiss In 1415. by reason of the proscription of Frederick III. mention'd by us Sect. V. Numb 3. it lost the whole Dutchy of Schwaben except some few places namely the Marquisate of Burgow the Counties of Hellenburg Hochbergen Chingen Schelcflingen and the Provincial Government of Schwaben which Countries it stands still possess'd of in that Dutchy In 1472. the Dutchy of Crossen in Silesia was mortgag'd to the Family of Brandenburg and not being redeem'd in due time Joachim I. became fully possess'd of it by an indisputable Title in the Year 1538. In 1501. Schaffbuse was given up to the Swiss In 1529. or 92 rather and the Years following the Turks took many Places in Hungary but most of 'em re-taken some time after In 1572. and in the Years following seven Provinces of the Netherlands withdrew their Allegiance from the Crown of Spain and since that down to the present times the French have made themselves Masters of great part of the rest In 1640. Portugal revolted and set up a King of its own Whereupon Goa likewise and the other Provinces in the East-Indies rejected the Spanish Yoak In 1648. all Alsace was set over to the French See the Instrument of the Treaty of Peace at Osenburg concluded 'twixt the Emperour and French King Sect. Drittens Thun c. In the same Year Brisac and Suntgaw were put into the hands of the French In 1659. the French obtain'd great part of the Spanish Netherlands by the Pyrenaean Peace See the 35th and following Articles By the Treaty of Nimeguen 1678. Friburgh was given up to the French as also the County of Burgundy or Franche Comté together with whatever else as yet remained in Artois In 1684 the French by force of Arms made themselves Masters
of the Dutchy of Luxenburg as well as of the City of the same Name In 1686. the Principality of Swibuse together with the City of that Name was by an amicable Accommodation deliver'd up to the Elector of Brandenburg Last of all the French King breaking the Truce took Philipsburg on the Rhine from this Family Nov. 1. 1688. O. S. Of its Pretensions § XIX THe Pretensions of the House of Austria are 1. To the Dutchy of Burgundy which appertain'd of right to Maximilian I. as having married Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Burgundy but the then King of France refus'd to invest him on pretence of the Salique Law 2. To Transylvania Moldavia Walachia and Bulgaria as Dependencies of the Kingdom of Hungary 3. To the Counties of Habsburg Baden and Kiburg 4. To the City of Schaffbuse 5. To the Kingdom of Portugal as having actually revolted from that of Spain 6. To the Dutchy of Luxenburg And lastly To the City and Castle of Philipsburg CHAP. II. Of the House of France § I. TO find out the Rise of the present House of France we are to look back as far as Hugh the Great Duke of France Burgundy and Aquitain Marquess of Orleans and Earl of Paris deceased 956. His eldest Son was Hugh Capet Duke of France Marquess of Orleans and Count of Paris who upon the death of Lewis the Slothful last King of France of the Race of Charlemaigne was by the unanimous Consent of the Peers of France inaugurated King of that Kingdom An. 987. And his Son Robert being in the same Year declared his Successor united the aforesaid Provinces to the Crown His Queen was Aloisia Daughter of William Duke of Aquitain by whom he had Issue Robert aforesaid from his great Piety surnamed The Saint who succeeded in the Throne of France upon the death of his Father in the Year 998. He was also Heir to the Dutchy of Burgundy upon his Uncle Henry's decease and departed this Life himself in 1031. having had two Queens viz. Bertha Daughter of Conrade King of Burgundy and Constance Daughter of William Count of Arles and Provence And by then two Sons namely 1. Henry of whom more in the next Section And 2. Robert Propagator of the Line of Burgundy the which became extinct in Philip Duke of Burgundy An. 1361. And whereas it had spread it self into two lesser Branches viz. that of Montaigue and that of Vienne or Dauphiné yet the first fail'd in Claudius de Montaigue An. 1468. the other in Humbert II. 1358. who seeing himself destitute of Issue made over Dauphiné to Philip of Valois King of France for 40000 Florins and on condition That for the future the eldest Son of France should be styled The Dauphin § II. Return we now to Henry I. Crown'd King of France 1031. The beginning of whose Reign was made uneasie by his Mother for she being desirous to advance his Brother Robert to the Throne stirred up many of the Nobility against him But the Business being decided by a Battel the Victory fell to the juster side His Death bears date 1060. And his Issue by Agnes Daughter of Basilius King of Russia were 1. Philip I. And 2. Hugh Count de Vermandois de Valois de Chaumont and d'Amiens whose Posterity fail'd in Rudolph II. Count de Vermandois c. An. 1158. Philip succeeded his Father at the age of nine Years and was Crown'd King of France An. 1060. His first Queen was Bertha Daughter of Florence I. Earl of Holland whom he divorc'd in 1093. and married Bertrada Daughter to Simon Earl of Montfort By the first be had 1. Lewis VI. but first of this Line surnam'd The Gross born 1081. 2. Henry deceased an Infant 3. Constance married to Hugh Earl of Champaigne and after his decease to Boemund Prince of Antioch By the second 1. Philip Count de Mans who married Elizabeth Daughter of Guy the second Baron of Mont le Herry but died without Issue 2. Florus Father of Elizabeth of Nantes 3. Caecilia married first to Tancred Prince of Antioch and after his decease to Pontius of Tholouse Count of Tripoli in Syria And 4. Eustachia espoused to John Count d'Estampes Of these Lewis succeeded his Father at his decease and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1108. His Queen's Name was Adelain Daughter of Humbert II. Duke of Savoy who bore him this following Issue 1. Philip deceased sixteen Years old 2. Lewis VII born 1119. of whom in the next Section 3. Henry Archbishop of Reims 4. Robert III. Count de Dreux whose Posterity became extinct in John An. 1590. 5 Philip Archdeacon of Paris deceased 1164. 6 Peter Baron or Lord of Courtnay whose Posterity fail'd in Stephen de Raviers An. 1383. 7. Hugh deceased in his Infancy And 8. Constance married to Raymund Earl of Tholouse § III. Lewis VII surnam'd The Younger was born in 1119. and Crown'd King of France 1131. His first Queen was Eleanor Daughter and Heiress of William Duke of Aquitain whom he divorc'd in 1152. After which she was married to Henry Duke of Normandy who coming afterwards to be King of England did grievously annoy the French King His second was Constance Daughter to Alphonso VIII King of Castile who died in 1159. And his third Alice Daughter of Theobald Earl of Chambagne whom he married in 1161. She died 1205. By the first he had Issue 1. Mary married to Henry Count de Champagne She died 1179. And 2. Alice married to Theobald Earl of Chartres and Blois By the second only a Daughter named Margaret married to Henry eldest Son of Henry II. King of England and after his decease to Bela III. King of Hungary whom she likewise out-liv'd and went in Pilgrimage to the Holy Land in the City of Acres An. 1198. By by the third 1. Philip II. surnamed Augustus born Aug. 22. 1166. 2. Alice married to William Count de Ponthieu And 3. Agnes given in marriage to Comenius Alexius Emperour of Constantinople 1180. and after his death to Theodore Branas Lord of Adrianople Philip II.'s Inauguration to the Crown of France was Nov. 1. 1179. This Prince very much enlarged both the Power and Patrimony of the Crown of France for having overcome John sans Terre or Lack-land King of England he brought Normandy Bretagne Anjon Touraine Poictiers Clermont and part of Aquitain under his Jurisdiction His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of Baldwin IV. Earl of Haynault after whose decease he married Ingeburg Daughter of Waldemar King of Denmark but being afterwards divorc'd from her proceeded to a third Choice which was the Lady Agnes Daughter of Berthold Duke of By the first he had Issue only Lewis VIII born 1187. of whom in the next Section But by the third 1. Philip Earl of Bologne Clermont c. who by Maud Daughter of Reginald Earl of Dammarlin had Issue a Daughter named Joan and married to Scaevola de Châtillon 2. Mary after the decease of her first Husband Philip of Haynault Earl of
Namur re-married to Henry IV. Duke of Brabant She died 1238. § IV. Lewis VIII was Crown'd King of France in 1224. having before this been elected and had Fealty solemnly sworn him as King of England by the Nobility of that Kingdom at London An. 1216. But the English upon the death of King John changed their Minds and return'd to their Allegiance to the young King Henry III. Whereupon despising the Natural INCONSTANCY of that Nation he return'd for France Nor was he long to govern that Realm being taken off by an untimely death in the Year 1226. His Queen's Name was Blanche Daughter of Alphonso IX King of Castile by whom he had nine Children whereof five died young The four that out-liv'd him were 1. Lewis IX surnam'd The Saint born April 25. 1215. 2. Robert Earl of Artois which Branch of the Family wither'd in Charles d'Artois Count d'Eu in the Year 1472. 3. Charles Earl of Anjou and Main born 1220 Crown'd King of both the Sicily's in 1266. or 63. and Titular King of Jerusalem ten Years after His Posterity reign'd in the Kingdom of Naples 'till 1435. in Hungary 'till 1325. and in Poland 'till 1400. 4. Alphonso married indeed yet deceased without Issue As for Queen Isabella their Mother she ended her Life in a Cloyster where she retired after the King her Husband's death Lewis IX was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1226. and very much improv'd the Demesnes of the Crown He took upon him the Croisade and made an Expedition to the Holy Land in which War he was taken Prisoner by the Sarazens after the City of Damieta had surrender'd to him But being ransom'd by his Subjects return'd home After this he ventur'd on a second Expedition but died of the Plague at the Siege of Tunis An. 1270. His Queen was margaret Daughter of Reimund Berengarius Earl of Provence who departed this life 1285. having born him this following Issue 1. Isabella born 1241. married to Theobald II. King of Navarr deceased 1275. 2. Lewis who took to Wife Berengaria Daughter of Alphonso X. King of Castile yet died without Issue 1275. 3. Philip III. surnam'd the Bold born 1245. of whom in the next Section 4. John Earl of Nevers and Valois deceased without Issue 1270. 5. Blanche married to Ferdinand Prince of Castile deceased 1320. 6. Peter Count d'Alençon and Chartres deceased Issueless 1283. 7. Robert V. Count de Clermont and Lord of Bourbon of whom more beneath in the Line of Bourbon Sect. XII as Ancestor in a direct Line of the present French King § V. Philip III. surnam'd the Bold was Crown'd King of France in 1271. A Prince very deficient in most of chose Vertues that should adorn a King given to drink and easily led by those that were about him Surnam'd The Bold not from any true Courage that was eminent in him but because in that fostness of Mind he would yet brutishly expose himself to the greatest Dangers in time of Action His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of James I. King of Arragon who died in 1271. after which he married Mary Daughter to Henry III. Duke of Brabant and departed this Life 1285. The Issue that survived were 1. Philip IV. surnam'd The Fair born 1268. 2. Charles Earl of Valois Anjou c. of whom in the next Section as Author and Propagator of the Line of Valois 3. Lewis Count d'Eureux whose Posterity became extinct in Charles III. King of Navarr An. 1416. 4. Margaret married to Edward I. King of England in 1300. or 1. And 5. Blanche to Rudolph of Austria in the same Year She died 1305. Of these Philip the Fair succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1286. He join'd the Kingdom of Navarr to that of France which Kingdom was brought him in Marriage by his Wife Joan together with the County of Aquitain and Territory of Brigen He had a sharp War with the Flemings by whom his Forces were utterly defeated at the famous Battel of Courtray He had also several Contests with the Pope to whom he return'd the famous Answer of Sciat tua Magna Fatuitas Nos in Temporalibus nemini subesse upon his Holiness's pretending to command and direct him in some secular Affairs Moreover the Order of Knights Templars was first abolish'd by his Example and Interest throughout Christendom in the Year 1311. or 7. His Issue necessary to be here mention'd were 1. Lewis X. surnam'd Hutin King of France and Navarr born 1280. Crown'd 1315 or 14. deceased and that without Issue Male 1316. 2. Philip V. surnam'd The Long King of France and Navarr born 1292. Crown'd 1317. or 6. deceased likewise without Issue Male 1321. or 2. 3. Charles IV. surnam'd The Fair King of France and Navarr who had the same fate with his Brethren for he died in 1327 8. leaving his Wife with Child which likewise prov'd a Daughter 4. Isabella married at twelve Years old to Edward II. King of England Jan. 28. 1307. O. S. deceased 1375. Of the Line of Valois § VI. WE now return to Charles Count de Valois d'Anjou du Main d'Alençon and du Perche second Son to Philip the Bold He was thrice married his first Wife being Margaret Daughter of Charles II. King of Sicily His second Catharine de Courtney Daughter of the Emperour of Constantinople And his third Maud Daughter of Guy de Châtillon Count de St. Paul who died 1358. By these he had Issue as followeth 1. Isabella married to John III. Duke of Bretagne deceased 1309. 2. Joan the Wife of William the Good Earl of Haynault Holland and Zealand She died in the Year 1400. 3. Philip VI. of whom in the next Section 4. Charles Count d'Alençon and de Chartres whose Posterity became extinct in Charles Duke d'Alençon in the Year 1512. 5. Margarct married to Guy de Châtillon Earl of Blois 6. Catharine to Charles of Sicily Earl of Tarento 7. Joan to Robert of Artois Earl of Beaumont She died 1363. 8. Lewis Earl of Chartres deceased without Issue An. 1328. 9. Isabella Lady Abbess of Fonteverard 10. Mary married to Charles of Sicily Duke of Calabria 11. Another Isabel married to Peter I. Duke of Bourbon And 12. Blanche to the Emperour Charles IV. She died 1345. § VII Wherefore after the decease of the three Brethren Lewis Hutin Philip the Long and Charles the Fair without Issue Male the Government was setled on Philip de Valois their Cousin-Germain notwithstanding the Claim of Edward III. King of England Son to Isabel eldest Sister of the three last Kings whose Pretensions as the French said were cut off by the Salique Law Nevertheless it was soon after the occasion of a bloody War 'twixt him and King Philip Whose two Wives were Joan Daughter of Robert II. Duke of Burgundy deceased 1348. and Blanche Daughter of Philip King of Navarr who died 1398. By theâ—â— he had Issue 1. John I. surnam'd The Good 2. Philip Duke of Orleans deceased without
Issue 3. Mary married to John of Brabant Duke of Limburg She died 1333. 4. Joan a posthumous Daughter betrothed to John of Arragon Duke of Gironda or Girona but died before the Marriage cou'd be consummated An. 1371. Of these John succeeded to the Throne and was Crown'd in 1350. This Prince continu'd the War with the English but with no better success than his Father had done for he was defeated and taken Prisoner by them at the Battel of Poictiers Sept. 19. 1356. O.S. Being again set at liberty he departed this Life in 1361 4. aged fifty six His two Queens were Bona Daughter of the King of Bohemia And Joan of William Earl of Clermont By the first Venture this following Issue liv'd to be Men and Women 1. Charles V. surnam'd The Wise born Jan. 21. 1337. of whom in the next Section 2. Lewis Duke of Anjou and Touraine Crown'd King of Sicily on this side the Pharus or Watch-Tower in 1382. whose Posterity fail'd in Nicholas Duke of Calabria An. 1473. 3. Philip Duke of Burgundy born 1341. whose Posterity ended in Mary last Heiress of that Dutchy An. 1483. 4. Joan married to Charles III. King of Navarre deceased 1373. 5. Isabella to John Galeazzo Duke of Milan in 1360. And 6. John Duke of Berry he deceased without Issue 1416. 7. Margaret profess'd a Nun. § VIII Charles V. surnam'd The Wise was Crown'd King of France May 19. 1364. He was the first who in his Father's Life time was styled The Dauphin He restored the Commonwealth of France and repressed the Violence of its Enemies which he brought to pass more by Counsel and Delays than force of Arms. He also put forth a Sanction whereby the eldest Sons of France were for the future declar'd of Age at Fourteen Years old and fit to be Crown'd and Govern His Queen's Name was Joan Daughter of Peter I. Duke of Bourbon by whom he had Issue that out-liv'd him 1. Charles VI. born 1368. his Successor 2. Lewis Duke of Orleans Count de Valois d'Angouleme c. born 1371. of whom in Sect. X. And 3. Catharine married to John de Berry Count de Montpensier She died 1387. As to what relates to Charles VI. he was Crown'd King of France Nov. 4. 1380. 'T was this Prince that reduc'd the Lilies in his Coat of Arms to Three which the Kings of France his Ancestors bore without any determinate number and at each side added a Stag for Supporters In his Reign the Affairs of France were brought to the lowest ebb especially after the Battel of Agin-Court in Picardy with the English in which four Princes of the Blood with all the Flower of the French Nobility were lost This great Blow was given Octob. 24. 1415. After which he would have excluded the Dauphin and transferr'd the Kingdom to the English This unfortunate Prince departed this Life 1422. having been long distracted His Children by Isabella Daughter of Stephen Duke of Bavaria were in number twelve whereof six died young The rest were 1. Isabella married about the age of seven or eight Octob. 28. 1396. O. S. to Richard II. King of England and after his decease to Charles Duke of Orleans An. 1402. She died 1409. 2. Charles VII born Jan. 21. 1402. his Father's Successor 3. Mary she was profess'd a Nun and died 1438. 4. Joan married to John VI. Duke of Bretagne deceased 1432. 5. Michaele born 1394. married to Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy deceased 1422. 6. Catharine born Octob. 27. 1400. married to Henry V. King of England Feb. 24. 1420. And after his decease to Owen ap Meridith ap Tudor a Welsh Gentleman but descended of the ancient British Kings Grandfather of King Henry VII She died Jan. 3. 1437. § IX Charles VII surnam'd The Victorious from the Victory he obtain'd over the English at the Battel of Orleans under the Conduct of the famous Joan de Arcquis freed France from the many Miseries it had so long groan'd under and re-establish'd the Polity of that Kingdom He likewise put forth a Sanction whereby he very much curbed the pretended Jurisdiction of the Popes of Rome Yet was this otherwise happy Prince so plagu'd by his own Son the Dauphin that by reason thereof he pined himself away and died of Grief An. 1461. The Sharer of his Bed and Fortunes was Mary of Anjou Daughter of Lewis II. King of Sicily by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Lewis XI of whom we shall soon treat 2. Charles Duke of Berry born 1446. deceased 1472. 3. Joland married to Amadeus the eighth Duke of Savoy deceased 1478. 4. Radegunda to Sigismund Duke of Austria She died 14 5. Catharine to Charles Duke of Burgundy She died 14 6. Joan to John II. Duke of Bourbon deceased 1482. And 7. Magdalen promised to Uladislaus King of Hungary but married to Gaston Fuxius Prince of Vienna deceased 1486. We now return to Lewis XI born 1423. and Crown'd 1461. a Prince excellently skill'd in the Art of Government 'T was he that instituted the Order of the Knights of St. Michael in the Year 1469. His Motto was Qui nescit simulare nescit imperare He kept his Designs so very close that the Grand Mareschal of Normandy told him one day in raillery Il faut que vôtre haquenée soit bien fort puisque ille peut bien vos porter vous tout vôtre Conseil That his Mule must needs be very strong since it cou'd so easily carry him and all his Counsel For the rest of his Character He was an undutiful Son a severe Father and a disloyal Husband implacable in his Nature insomuch as he was never known to be reconciled to any he had once fallen out with Nor had he any other esteem for Religion but as it serv'd his Interest He departed this Life Aug. 30. 1483 4. having had two Wives viz. Margaret Daughter of James I. King of Scotland and Charlotte Daughter of Lewis Duke of Savoy and by them a Son and two Daughters viz. 1. Anne married to Peter Duke of Bourbon 1473. deceased 1522. 2. Joan Dutchess of Berry born 1464. and married to Lewis Duke of Orleans afterwards King by whom she was divorced and died 1504. 3. Charles VIII born 1470. and Crown'd 1484. A little Man of no bad Disposition yet slow of Parts and altogether ignorant of Arts and Letters Contracted at scarce six Years old to Elizabeth Daughter of Edward IV. King of England which Contract being afterwards broke he was betrothed to Margaret Daughter to the Emperour Maximilian who was accordingly sent into France to have her Education there that she might the better be accustomed to the Manners of that Nation Nevertheless she was sent home again by her Spouse when he came to be his own Master and he married or rather ravish'd Anne Daughter and sole Heiress of the Duke of Bretagne already married by Proxy to his design'd Father-in-Law Maximilian the Emperour but had no Issue by her that survived him He came to
1615. he married Anna Maria Mauritia Daughter of Philip III. King of Spain whom he had betrothed in 1611. And by her left Issue 1. LEWIS XIV surnamed The Great the present King of France born Aug. 26. O.S. 1638. of whom below And 2. Philip Duke of Orleans Sept. 21. N.S. 1640. whose first Dutchess the Princess Henrietta Maria Stuart Daughter of Charles I. King of England departed this Life in June 1670. And he the next Year married Charlâ—tte Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Lewis Elector Palatine By the first Venture he had 1. Mary Aloisia or Louise born March 27. 1662. married Novemb. 17. 1679. to Charles II. King of Spain deceased without Issue by him 1689. 2. Philip deceased an Infant 3. Another Daughter not named 1665. 4. Anne Mary born Aug. 27. 1669. and most happily married April 9. to Victor Amadeus II. Duke of Savoy He has also a Son and a Daughter by the present Dutchess namely 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1674. And 2. Elizabeth Charlotte Madamoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. As for Lewis the Great the present King he succeed his Father in 1643. and was Crown'd by the Archbishop of Rheims June 7. 1654. of whose Actions I shall say little here since the Eyes of the whole World are upon ' em His Queen was Maria Theresia Daughter of Philip IV. King of Spain who died July 30. 1683. by whom he has only a Son now living namely Lewis XV. surnamed The Hardy the present Dauphin born Nov. 1. 1661. In 1680. he married Maria Anna Christina Daughter of Ferdinand Maria late Elector of Bavaria by whom he has had three Sons whose Names are 1. Lewis Duke of Burgundy born Aug. 6. 1682. 2. Philip Duke of Anjou born Novemb. 19. 1683. And 3. Gaston Duke of Berry born Aug. 31. 1686. But besides the Dauphin the present French King has several Natural Children as namely Mary Anne de Bourbon born 1666. and married in 1680. to Lewis of Bourbon Prince de Conti And Lewis de Bourbon born 1667. Supreme Intendant of the Marine These two were born him by Aloisia Frances de la Beaume la Blanche de la Valiere Dutchess de Vaujour and Peeress of France Daughter of Laurence de la Valiere now a Carmelite Nun by the Name of Sister Aloisia de Misericordia or of Mercy As likewise Lewis Augustus de Bourbon Duke of Main born 1670. and made legitimate three Years after Lewis Caesar de Bourbon Count de Vexin born 1672. deceased 1683. Aloisia Frances de Bourbon Madamoiselle de Nantes born 1673. and married in 1685. to Lewis Duke of Bourbon Aloisia Mary Anne deceased 1681. Lewis Alexander de Bourbon Count de Toulouse born 1678. made Legitimate 1681. Intendant likewise of the Marine And Frances Mary de Bourbon Madamoiselle de Rlois born 1681. Which Six were born him by Frances Athanasia de Rochechouart Gabriel Prince de Mortemar's Daughter and Wife of Henry de Lewis Paidaillan Marquess of Montespan § XVI It remains we now return to Lewis Prince de Conde youngest Son of Charles Duke of Vendôme born 1530. whom we mentioned in the latter end of Sect. XIII Numb 9. He was slain at the bloody Battel of Jarnac 1569. by one Montesque a Captain under the Duke of Anjou notwithstanding he offer'd 100000 Crowns for his Ransom The Issue that survived him were 1. Henry Prince of Conde born 1552. 2. Francis Prince of Conti born 1558. who had only Natural Issue though twice married 3. Charles Archbishop of Roan and Cardinal deceased 1594. 4. Charles Count de Soissons Peer and Grand Master of France born 1566. deceased 1614. leaving Issue 1. Aloisia married to Henry Duke of Longueville deceased 1637. 2. Lewis born 1604. deceased 1641. And 3. Mary born 1606. and married to Thomas of Savoy Prince of Carignan Henry the eldest Brother was a Prince of great Courage and hath his Life finely written by Thuanus in his History Lib. 90. His first Princess was Mary of Cleve Daughter of Francis Duke of Nevers But she dying in 1574. he afterwards married Charlotte Catharine de Tremolle Daughter of Lewis Duke of Thovars and departed this Life 1588. leaving Issue by the last Lady as followeth namely 1. Eleanora born 1587. married in 1606. to Philip William of Nassau Prince of Orange deceased 1619. And 2. Henry II. Prince of Conde born after his Father's decease Sept. 1. 1588. His Princess was Charlotte Margaret Daughter of Henry II. Duke of Montmorency who bore him 1. Anne married in 1642. to Henry Duke of Longueville deceased 1679. 2. Lewis II. Prince of Conde And 3. Armand Prince of Conti of which two apart And first for Lewis He was born in 1621. and justly to be ranked among the greatest Hero's of the Age. He took to Wife Clara Clementia Daughter of Urban Marquess of Breze and departed this Life 1685. to the great Grief of all good Men. His only Son Henry Julius de Bourbon is now living born July 29. 1643. formerly styled Duke d'Enghien but now since his Father's death Prince of Conde His Princess is Anne Daughter of Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine who has born him this following Issue now living 1. Mary Theresia Madamoiselle de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis Duke of Bourbon born 1668. and married 1685. to Aloisia Frances Natural Daughter of the present French King 3. Mary Anne Madamoiselle de Montmorency born 1675. 4. Anne Mary Victoria Madamoiselle d'Enghien born 1676. And 5. Aloisia Benedicta Madamoiselle de Conde born 1678. As for Armand Prince de Conti the other Brother he was born 1629. married to Anne Mary of Montmorency Cardinal Mazarine's Neice by the Sister 1654. deceased 1666. leaving two Sons 1. Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Conti born 1661. In 1680. he took to Wife Mary Anne de Bourbon the King 's Natural Daughter made legitimate yet died without Issue in 1685. And 2. Francis Lewis de Bourbon the now Prince of Conti born 1668. Of the Augmentation of the House of France § XVII IN the Year 861. Robert Earl of Orleans was created Duke and Marquess of the Franks by Charles the Bald King of France to whose Son Eudo the County of Paris was likewise added by Charles the Gross King of France After this Hugh Capet came to be King An. 987. whose Brother Otho having married Leutgarde Daughter and Heiress to the last Duke of Burgundy in her Right possessed himself of that Dutchy Philip II. having defeated John sans Terre King of England brought Normandy Bretagne Anjou Touraine Poictou and Clermont with part of Aquitain under his Obedience and incorporated the same with the Crown Charles Duke of Anjou was Crown'd King of both the Sicily's An. 1266. He likewise became possessed of Provence in Right of his Wife as also of a Title to the Kingdom of Jerusalem by the Donation of Mary Princess of Antioch Charles Martel his Grandson was Crown'd King of Hungary in 1290. in right of his Mother
Mary Daughter of Stephen King of Hungary Lewis his Son became King of Poland by a Marriage with Elizabeth Daughter of Ladislaus King of that Country And Philip Charles Martel's Brother took upon him the Title of Emperour of Constantinople in his Wife 's Right Lewis IX obtain'd Clermont Tholouse and Provence by the same Right Beaumont by Gift and Mascon for Money Philip the Fair bought the County of Canny and joyn'd the Kingdom of Navarre to that of France by a Marriage with Joan last Heiress thereof with whom he had Champagne also and the Territory of Bruges Philip VI. surnamed de Valois had Dauphine given him but bought the Lordship of Mompellier in Languedoc of Sanchius King of Majorca Charles V. did the same by Auxerre Picena part of Dreux Creil and Mouzon all which Places he annexed to the Crown In 1345. Philip Duke of Burgundy third Son of King John added the Counties of Artois Burgundy and Flanders as also the Dutchy of Brabant to this Family partly as his Mother's Inheritance and partly as his Wife 's After this Charles the Bold succeeded to the Dutchy of Burgundy as next Heir and so became Lord of all the Netherlands In 1389. Lewis II. Son of Charles V. became possessed of the Dutchy of Milan in right of his Wife Valentina Daughter and Heiress of John Galeazo Duke thereof In 1535. Francis I. annexed the Dutchy of Bretagne to the Crown Henry IV. gave the Kingdom of Navarre once more to the Crown together with the Principality of Bern the Dutchies of Vendôme Beaumont and Albret the Counties of Foix and Armanac Perigord and Bresse with many other Places So that all France became incorporated in the Crown Last of all Lewis XIV the present King has made himself Master of the Bishopricks of Metz Tulles and Verdun Pignerol Brisac all Alsace and Brisgow By the Pyrenaean Treaty he had the County of Rousillon with part of that of Cerdagne made over to him See Artic. 42. and 43. Moreover he has bought Casal the Capital City of Montferrat By the Treaty of Peace at Nimeguen he was put in possession of Freiburg Two Years after he made himself Master of Strasburg by force of Arms viz. Septemb. 29. 1681. as he had done seven Years before of the Dutchies of Barre and Lorrain which two last he has united to the Crown for ever He has likewise taken the Palatinate of Deux Pents from its Natural Prince under pretence of its being an Appendant of Alsace Nor have the Dukes of Wirtenberg escaped him from whom he forced Mompelgart as also Orange from the Prince of that Name In short the Fronch of late years have extended their Power as far as America where they stand possess'd of New-France and Isles of St. Christopher and Martinique as also that of St. Laurence near Africk Moreover they seem of late to have gotten footing in Siam in the East-India's Of its Decrease § XVIII THe greatest Diminution suffered by the Family of Capet has been from the English who beginning a War with the Line of Valois under the Conduct of King Edward III. about the Year 1338. subdued in a manner all France Nevertheless in process of time all was regain'd by the French so that now the English have not so much as a Foot of Land in France In 1477. Mary the only Daughter and Heiress of Charles the Bold last Duke of Burgundy of this Family being married to Maximilian I transferred the Franche Comté together with all the Netherlands and indeed all other her Possessions except the Dutchy of Burgundy to the House of Austria Nevertheless the French by degrees have recovered many of these Places and still are gaining more as namely Artois with great part of Haynault and Flanders by the Pyrenaean Treaty of Peace See the 35th and following Articles By the Peace of Nimeguen the Franche Comté and since that the Dutchy of Luxenburg They have also made themselves Masters of some Cities belonging to the United Provinces and bought Dunkirk of the English But then again for its Decrease In 1281. this Family lost the Kingdom of Sicily witness the famous Sicilian Vespers at which time it lost Malta also Joan the last Queen of Naples of the Family of Capet transferred that Kingdom to Alphonso King of Arragon Hedewig descended of the same Race last Heiress of the Kingdom of Poland brought in Marriage that Kingdom to Jagello Duke of Lithuania In 1512. the Kingdom of Navarre was torn from it by the Spaniard and the Dutchy of Milan lost about ten Years after to Charles V. who invested his Son Philip therein Last of all the present French King has again freely surrendred the County of Avignon to his Holiness Pope Alexander VIII alias Ottoboni By all which it appears what Regions and Provinces are at present subject to the French King yet consult at leisure the famous John Christ Beckman's Hist Civ c. 3. § 2. Of its Pretensions § XIX THe House of France seems in the first place to have a just Title to the Upper Kingdom of Navarre as taken from King John of Albret by Ferdinand the Catholick King of Spain at the Instigation of Pope Julius II. whereas the Right and Title thereunto was by Joan of Albret's being married to Anthony of Bourbon Father of King Henry the Great transferred into that Family and the Claim suspended 'till this day 2. To the Commonwealth of Genoua by reason of a voluntary and formal Surrender of its Soveraignty in 1396. to Charles VI. King of France which has been since often claim'd 3. To the Kingdom of Naples which nevertheless seems to be but weak and is wholly rejected by the Spaniards 4. To the Dutchy of Milan Valentina the Heiress of that Dutchy being married by Lewis Duke of Orleans second Son of Charles V. And Lastly The present King in name of his Brother Philip Duke of Orleans lays claim to great part of the Palatinate of the Rhine And this has been the occasion of the present bloody and expensive War CHAP. III. Of the Lineage of the Kings of England § I. WHat the first State or Form of England was how conquer'd by the Romans and afterwards by the Saxons makes so little to the present Undertaking that we purposely leave it it being as much as we shall have occasion for That about the Year 1016. Canutus or Knute King of Denmark invaded this Kingdom and having treacherously slain the Saxon King Edmond Ironside 1018. married Emma the Widow of King Ethelred Father of the said Edmond and was the first Danish King of England and died 1038. His Issue were 1. Harold surnamed Harefoot by a former Wife 2. Hardicanute by the said Emma Harold succeeded his Father and died without Issue 1041. and left the Succession to his said Brother by the Father's side Hardicanute who by means of his Luxury became odious to the People and in the midst of a Debauch died suddenly 1042. lest no Issue and with him
ended the Government of the Danes in England To him succeeded his Brother by the Mother's side Edward surnamed The Confessor the Son of Ethelred by Emma the Mother of Hardicanute as before He had been preserv'd from Canute by Richard II. Duke of Normandy his Uncle and upon the death of Hardicanute was recall'd from Normandy and Crown'd King in the Year 1042 and Fortieth of his Age. He first brought into the Royal Family the Gift of curing The King 's Evil Reigned Twenty four Years and died without Issue 1065. Upon this Harold II. Son of Earl Godwin by Guitha Sifter of Swaine King of Denmark by the assistance of Edwin and Morcar Earls of York and Chester was preferred to the Crown but enjoy'd it not long for he was slain in Battel Octob. 14. 1066. by § II. William I. Duke of Normandy surnamed The Conquerour first of the Normans that was King of England Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy by Arletta an obscure Woman who under pretence that Edward the Confessor had by his last Will and Testament transferred the Kingdom to him made a Descent into England and having slain Harold as before was by the unanimous Consent of the Peerage of England Crown'd King 1067. He had a sharp War with Philip I. King of France and after Twenty one Years Reign died at Roan in Normandy Septemb. 9. 1087. He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Baldwin V. Earl of Flanders by whom he had six Daughters and four Sons 1. Cecilie Abbess of Caen in Normandy 2. Constance married to the Earl of Britain 3. Adela to Stephen Earl of Blois Father of King Stephen of whom in his turn 4. Gundred to William Warren first Earl of Surry 5. Ela both died young 6. Margaret both died young His Sons were 1. Robert to whom he bequeathed the Dutchy of Normandy 2. Richard kill'd by a Stagg in New Forest in his Father's Life-time 3. William surnamed Rufus who succeeded his Father in the Kingdom 4. Henry I. surnamed Beauclerk to whom he left his Treasure and a yearly Pension of whom more in the next Section II. William II. born in Normandy 1057. his Brother Robert being in Normandy at the time of his Father's death what by pretext of his Father's Will and the contrivance of Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury was Crown'd Octob. 5. following He had War with the Scots brought Wales under his Obedience but what with that and to secure his Possession against the Claim and Arms of his elder Brother Robert he was necessitated to many a dishonourable Shift whereby to get Money and at last strook dead with an Arrow shot by Sir Walter Tyrel a Norman his Bow-Bearer as they were Hunting in New Forest but whether by accident or otherwise is uncertain Aug. 2. 1100. being the Eleventh Year of his Reign and Forty third of his Age but never married III. Henry I. youngest Son of the Conqueror born in England 1070. his eldest Brother Robert still living but in favour of Henry given out to be chosen King of Jerusalem succeeded his Brother William and was Crown'd in four Days after his death He had long Wars with his Brother Robert upon his return from the Holy War 'till at last having taken him Prisoner he put out his Eyes and threw him in Prison where he died but left no Issue He call'd the first Parliament after the Conquest at Salisbury in 1115. and died of a Surfeit in Normandy Decemb. 2. 1136. in the Sixty seventh Year of his Age and Thirty fifth of his Reign His first Wife was Matilda or Maud Daughter of Malcolm III. King of Scotland by Margaret the Sister of Edgar Atheling right Heir of Edward the Confessor as being descended from Edmond Ironside of whom before by which means the Saxon Line was restor'd in her Issue 1. William born 1102. he married Matilda or Maud Daughter of Foulk Earl of Anjon who with several others were cast away Nov. 26. 1119. 2. Maud the only legitimate Issue that surviv'd him born 1104. she was first married to the Emper our Henry IV. 1110. and after his death to Jeoffry Plantaganet Earl of Anjou 1124. so called from a Sprig of Broom which he wore in his Cap or Bonnet by whom she had King Henry II. His second Wife was Adeliza Daughter of Jeoffry Duke of Lorrain by whom he had no Issue He had seven Natural Sons 1. Robert Earl of Gloucester a Person of great Direction and indefatigable Industry as appear'd by the valiant Assistance he gave his said Sister Maud against King Stephen 2. Richard drown'd with his Brother William 1117. 3. Reinald Earl of Cornwal and Baron of Castle-Combe Nor is there any particular mention of the other Four And as many Natural Daughters Of whom it is only said they were all of them honourably bestowed in Marriage § III. William only Son of Henry I. being lost as before and himself not having Issue by his second Wife he now began to think of setling the Succession and to that purpose call'd another Paaliament 1133. in which all the Lords of the Land took an Oath to be true to his Daughter Maud the Empress and her Heirs and acknowledge them as right Inheritors of the Crown And amongst them IV. Stephen born 1107. Earl of Belogne and Montague Son of Stephen Earl of Blois by Adela third Daughter of the Conquerour was one yet by the working of Henry his Brother Bishop of Winchester the Pope's Legate a Man acceptable to the Nobility at that time altogether govern'd by the Clergy he was set up to the Crown against the undoubted Right of the said Empress and Crown'd on St. Stephen's Day 1135. His first War was with the Scots but during most of his Reign under various Fortune with the said Empress 'till his Children being dead he secur'd the Succession to her Son Henry He died Octob. 25. 1154. in the Forty ninth Year of his Age and Nineteenth of his Reign and had to Wife Maud Daughter and Heir of Eustace Earl of Bologne by whom he had 1. Eustace who died in the Eighteenth Year of his Age. 2. William who died younger His Natural Issue 1. William Earl of Norfolk 2. Gervais Abbot of Westminster who died 1160. V. § IV. To him succeeded Henry II. surnamed Fitz Empress first of the Line of Plantagenet born at Mentz in Normandy 1131. Crown'd King Decemb. 7. 1155. He sought to abate the Power of the Clergy the Effects of which he had felt in the Exclusion of his Mother and advancement of King Stephen but it wrought him great Troubles particularly with Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury touching the Exemption of Clerks from the Secular Power and the Consequence of it stuck to his Family for Sixty Years after He Crown'd his Son Henry King June 14. 1170. in the Seventeenth Year of his Age Sent Strongbow Earl of Chcapstow into Ireland in the same Year who planted the first Colony of English in Wexford went over thither in 1172. Conquer'd
it and wrote himself LORD thereof He suffered much by his Sons Henry and Richard The former broke with him 1173. and died 1183. his Father living The other combin'd with the King of France against him 1188. in which also he engag'd his Brother John which so struck to his Heart that he died of Grief in Normandy and rather burst than bow'd to Fortune July 9. 1189. in the Sixty first Year of his Age and Thirty fourth of his Reign His Wife was Eleanor Daughter of William Duke of Acquitain divorc'd from Lewis VII King of France by whom he had three Daughters 1. Maud married to Henry Duke of Saxony 2. Eleanor to Alphonso VIII King of Castile 3. Joan to William King of Sicily And six Sons 1. William who died young 2. Henry of whom before married to Margaret Daughter of Lewis VII King of France but died without Issue 3. Richard who succeeded his Father born 1155. 4. Jeoffry Earl of Britain married to Constance Daughter of Conan Earl of Richmond by whom he had Arthur Earl of Britain Angiers and Richmond 5. Philip who died young 6. John who succeeded his Brother Richard His Natural Sons 1. William surnam'd Longespee or Long-sword Earl of Salisbury in right of his Wife Ela Daughter and Heir of William Earl of that Place 2. Jeoffry Archbishop of York who after a five Years banishment by his Brother King John died 1213. Both by Rosamond 3. Morgan Provost of Beverly Bishop Elect of Durham By the Lady Blewet VI. Richard I. born at Oxford 1155. surnam'd Coeur de Lycn succeeded his Father and was Crown'd Septemb. 3. 1189. He made an Expedition into the Holy Land the same Year and in his return through Austria was imprison'd by the Emperour Henry VI. to whom he resign'd his Crown nor yet discharged without the payment of 100000 Marks which was accepted notwithstanding the large Profers of the King of France and his Brother John to have him detain'd Upon his coming home he was Crown'd a second time and made War with France where he was slain with a barbed Arrow by one Bertram at the Siege of Chalons in Limosin April 6. 1199. in the Forty fourth Year of his Age and Ninth of his Reign He had to Wife Beringuel Daughter of the King of Navarre but died without Issue After him VII John surnamed Sans Terre born 1166. youngest Son of Henry II. notwithstanding the just Right of Arthur his elder Brother's Son by the means of Hubert Archbishop of Canterbury obtain'd the Crown and was Crown'd by him upon Ascension day 1199. On this Arthur made War upon him in Anjou besieged Mirabel defended by Eleanor Mother of King John who raised the Siege defeated Arthur took him Prisoner and had him murdered in Prison 1202. He lost at that time Normandy to the King of France who took part with Arthur after a Three hundred Years possession by his Ancestors Upon the death of Hubert Stephen Langton a Cardinal being impos'd on him for Archbishop of Canterbury is refus'd by him 1207. The Monks of Canterbury accept him the King expels them as Traitors The Kingdom is interdicted 1208. himself excommunicated 1210. and his Kingdom given to the King of France 1213. He submits and surrenders his Kingdoms of England and Ireland to Pope Innocent III. and became his Feudatory for them at the yearly Tribure of a thousand Marks payable to the said Pope and his Successors does Homage and Fealty for them to Pandulphus his Legate gives up his Crown to him and receives it again two days after This Charter bore date May 15. 1213. and was casually lost by fire at the Council of Lyons but never were any Monies paid upon it or ever demanded since 1366. 40th Edward III. at what time also it was refused He was absolv'd from his Excommunication the same Year and the King of France upon pain of like Excommunication forbidden to proceed further against him as having submitted himself to the Church and the Jurisdiction which had now lasted six Years or better releas'd Yet his Barons cease not to infest him and force two Charters from him to wit Magna Charta and Charta de Foresta 1214 which the Pope nulls and excommunicates the Barons They on the other hand bring in Lewis the King of France his Son who landed May 1. 1216 whom Guallo the Pope's Legate excommunicates In 1210. he erected the Mayoralty of London and further granted to them to have two Sheriffs and a Common Council And notwithstanding all Turmoils at home setled Ireland and brought the English Laws and Coin into that Kingdom and died Octob. 19. 1216. in the Fifty first Year of his Age and Seventeenth of his Reign and as some have said by Poison He had three Wives his first was Alice Daughter of Hubert Earl of Morton He was divorc'd from his second the Daughter of Robert Earl of Gloucester upon the score of Consanguinity and married Isabel Daughter and Heir of Ailmer Earl of Angolesme by whom only he had Issue three Daughters and two Sons His Daughters 1. Joan married to Alexander II. King of Scots 2. Eleanor to William Earl of Pembroke and afterwards to Simon de Montford Earl of Leicester 3. Isabella to the Emperour Frederick II. His Sons 1. Henry who succeeded him in the Kingdom 2. Richard Earl of Cornwal Crown'd King of the Romans 1257. died 1274. As also three Natural Children 1 Joan married to Llewellin Prince of Wales 2. Jeoffry Fitz-Roy who serv'd in France 3. Richard who married the Daughter and Heir of Fulbert de Dover VIII To him succeeded Henry III. born 1208. Crown'd in nine days after the death of his Father and committed to the Tutelage of William Earl of Pembroke Great Marshal of England by whose prudent Management several of the most eminent Barons for sook Lewis and return'd to their Allegiance and with the rest of the Kingdom that stood firm to their young King drove him from place to place and at last gave him a total Rout upon which he came to an Accord and quitted the Kingdom In the Ninth of his Reign he confirm'd the Charters granted by his Father which afterwards he endeavour'd to rescind as done in his minority The most of his Reign was full of Troubles with his Barons headed by the late mention'd Simon de Montfort a French Exile but got into that favour that he was made Earl of Leicester and married the King's Sister as before yet with the Earl of Gloucester and others he fights the King at a place call'd Lewis where they made him and Prince Edward his Son Prisoners 1264. They quarrel about the Dividend The Prince makes his escape 1265. Gloucester joyns him and gives Leicester Battel in which the latter is slain After which the King liv'd seven Years approv'd himself a wise Prince and died Nov 16. 1272. in the Sixty fifth Year of his Age and Fifty sixth of his Reign He had to Wife Eleanor second Daughter of Raymond Earl of
Provence by whom he had two Daughters and six Sons His Daughters 1. Margaret married to Alexander III. King of Scots 2. Beatrice to John I. Duke of Bretain Of his Sons two only surviv'd him 1. Edward I. who succeeded his Father 2. Edmond surnamed Crouch back Earl of Lancaster Father of Thomas who had Issue Henry Earl of Lancaster whose Daughter Blanche was married to John of Gaune fourth Son of King Edward III. of whom more hereafter IX § V. Edward I. born 1240. surnamed Longshanks had under taken the Cross and was in the Holy Land when his Father died However he is proclaim'd King and Fealty sworn to him tho' it were not known whether he were living or dead Upon his return he was Crown'd Aug. 15. 1274. He had found by Experience the Ecclesiastical Power too strong for the Soveraignty whenever they combin'd with the Lay-Nobility and therefore retrench'd them of their Privileges whilst he was in the Opinion and Estimation of the World and in 1275. got the Statute of Mortmain to be enacted whereby to hinder the encrease of their Temporal Possessions and not long after clipp'd the Jurisdiction of Ecclesiastical Judges He slew Leoline the last of the Welsh Princes in Battel and united Wales to the Crown of England 1283. He banish'd the Jews and vacated all their Sureties 1293. He was made Umpire between John Baliol and Robert Bruce for the Crown of Scotland and determined for Baliol who did him Homage 1294. which he afterwards renounc'd but upon the King's entry into Scotland submits and is sent Prisoner into England However the Scots being gotten together under Wallace their Head the King pursued his Enterprize gave them a total Rout at a place call'd Fenkirk and having abolish'd their ancient Laws return'd and brought all their Records and other Evidences of Antiquity with him 1299. On this Robert Bruce Son of Robert the Competitor gets into Scotland where he is received and Crown'd 1306. Is defeated by the Earl of Pembroke 1307. Bruce recovers new Forces the King re-enters Scotland and dies of a Flux July 7. the same Year being the Sixty eighth of his Age and Thirty fifth of his Reign His first Wife was Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand III. King of Castile by whom he had nine Daughters 1. Eleanor married to John Earl of Bar. 2. Joan to Gilbert Earl of Gloucester 3. Margaret to John Duke of Brabant 4. Mary a Nun of Amsbury 5. Elizabeth to John Earl of Holland and after him to Humphrey Bohun Earl of Hereford The rest died young Of his Four Sons Only Edward surviv'd him and was the first Prince of Wales His second Wife was Margaret eldest Daughter of Philip the Bold King of France by whom he had two Sons 1. Thomas of Brotherton Lord Marshal of England and Earl of Norfolk 2. Edmond Earl of Kent beheaded 1328. for endeavouring the Restauration of his deposed Brother King Edward II. X. Edward II. born at Carnarvan 1285. created Prince of Wales March 15. 1304. Crowned Feb. 24. 1307. In 1308. he caused all the Knights Templars throughout England and Ireland to be apprehended and their Order to be dissolv'd as afterwards were the Knights of Rhodes by King Henry VIII 1540. and theiâ— Lands and Possessions seiz'd He seems to have come in with much Expectation but soon lost it by means of a Favourite of his Pierce Gaveston banish'd by his Father but re call'd by him and made Earl of Cornwal Lord of Man and High Chamberlain which so incensed the Nobility that the King is forc'd to banish him more than once but as often re-calling him They take Arms under Thomas Earl of Lancaster their Leader Son of Edmond second Son of King Henry III. whom the Mobb call'd King Arthur and having taken him at Scarborough Castle strike off his Head 1312. During this Disorder at home Bruce was become powerful in Scotland the King enters upon him with a vast Army and is totally routed by him at a place call'd Bannock-Bourn 1314. This and his making Hugh Spencer Earl of Gloucester Son of Hugh Spencer Earl of Winchester Successor in the Office and Favour of the said Gaveston so heightned the former Discontent which was in a manner allay'd that both sides arm anew But the King gets the better takes the Earl of Lancaster and beheads him before his own Castle of Pomfret 1322. Yet this lasted not long for having sent the Queen and his Son the Prince into France instead of accommodating Matters she contracts her Son to Philippa Daughter of William III. Earl of Hainault by whose and the Earl of Holland's assistance she returns with an Army and with her the Prince and Roger Mortimer Lord of Wigmore lately escaped out of the Tower of London but afterwards made Earl of the Marches of Wales by King Edward III. And having taken Bristol with Hugh Spencer the Father in it she caused him to be hanged and quartered without Trial 1326. The King Spencer the Son and others had put to Sea for Ireland but were beaten upon the Coast of Wales where they lay hid for a while in the Abbey of Neth but being discovered Spencer had the same fate with his Father The King was imprison'd and a Parliament call'd to meet at London where upon several Articles exhibited against him it is agreed to depose him as unfit to Govern and elect the Prince his Son Upon which he voluntarily resign'd his Crown to him 1327. in the Nineteenth Year of his Reign About eight Months after which he was most barbarously murdered in Berkley Castle in the â—â—â—â—ty third Year of his Age. His Wife was 〈◊〉 Laughter of Philip the Fair by whom â—he had 1. Joan married to David Prince of Scotland 2. Eleanor to the Dake of Gelders And two Sons 1. Edward born at Windsor 1313. set up to the Crown his Father yet living 2. John of Eltham created Earl of Cornwal 1315. and died in the flower of his Youth in Scotland XI Upon the Resignation of Edward II. his Son Edward III. of the Age of Fourteen Years began his Reign Jan. 20. 1327 and was Crown'd the 25th following The Queen seems heavy at it but being pacified by aâ— Augmentation of Joynture the management of Assairs is committed to five Bishops and seven Temporal Lords 'till the King were or Years to Govern but the Queen and Mortimer act all The Scots enter England and are suffer'd to escape and in 1328. a dishonest rable Peace is made with them To confirm which Joan the King's Sister is married to David Pruce Prince of Scotland and amongst other things the Ragman Roll and Black-Crosâ— of Scotland are given back to them and the King by the working of the Queen and Mâ—â—timer surrenders his Title to the Soveraignty of Scotland and all Evidences relating thereunto For which Mortimer is impeach'd is Parliament and hang'd at Tyburn Nor laster the Peace long for Edward Baliol Son of the aforesaid John Baliol sets up for that Crown and by
John Ball a Priest and Disciple of Wickliffe with one Watt Tyler a Taylor and others work the Common People into a Rebellion murder Simon de Sudbury Archbishop of Canterbury and several of the Nobility and with a numerous Rabble come at last to Smithfield by Landon where Sir VVilliam VVallwâ—rth then Lord Mayor upon some rude Language given the King by the said Tyler stabb'd him dead and therewith dispers'd the Rabble In memory of which the King gave the City the Augmentation of a Bloody Dagger to their Coâ—â—n the Year 1366. Henry 〈◊〉 of Derby Son of John of Gaunt was created Duke of Hereferd and being accus'd by 〈◊〉 Mâ—ubrey Duke of Norfolk of some dangerous Words by him 〈◊〉 demanded a Trial by Battel which was accepted and both being in the Lists ready in combat Hereford was banâ—th'd for ten Years of which the King struck oft four and went 〈◊〉 France And the Year following Johne Gaunt died In 1399 the King went into Ireland and in his absence Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury and others contrive to depose him and set up Henry now Duke of Lancaster who upon their Invitation return'd and met the King in VVales from whence he was convey'd to the Tower of London where a Parliament being in the mean time call'd in King Richard's Name the King resign'd his Crown to the said Henry and made the Bishops of York and Hereford his Procurators to declare his Resignation to the Parliament which was accepted And to colour the matter Articles were preserâ—ed against him on which he was deposed Septemb. 9. 1399. and afterwards trait 〈◊〉 murdered in Pomfret Castle 1401. by Sir Pierce Exten and eight others as he was at Dâ—â—â—er of whom yet he slew four in the Thirty third Year of his Age and Twenty secâ—nd of his Reign His first Wife was Anne Daughter of Charles IV. Emperour His second Isabel Daughter of Charles VI. King of France but had no Issue by either of them XIII § VI. Upon this Deposition Henry â—â—â—ke of Lancaster eldest Son of John of Gaunt tourth Son of Edward III. Born 1368. was Crown'd King Octch. 13. 1399. by the Name of King Henry IV. albeit Edmond Mortimer Earl of March Son of Roger Mortimer Earl of March Son and Heir of Philippa Daughter and Heir of â—iond third Son of King Edward III. was then living and the said Earl Râ—ger his Father upon King Richard's going into Ireland in the Year 1385. had been declared in Parliament Heir Apparent to the Crown if the said Richard died without Issue This occasioned those bloody Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster in which there were Twelve pitch'd Battels fought between them in the compass of Thirty six Years The beginning of his Reign was sull of Troubles for Thomas Merks Bishop of Carlisle made a Speech in Parliament in favour of Richard the deposed King for which albeit he was imprison'd yet it so stuck with the Nobility that six of the Chief of them combine to seize King Henry and restore King Richard and to that purpose undertook a solemn Justing to he held at Oxford in the Chrismas 1401. and invited the King to it which he accepted but the Plot being accidentally discovered by one of the Conspirators it was seasonably prevented and crush'd Nor was it long are Owen Glendour rose in VVales 1400. and declared for Edmond Mortimer The like did the Earls of Northumberland and Worcester in the North who before they could join Forces were beaten by the exemplary Courage of Prince Henry his Son 1403. The King at last having wrought through every thing that oppos'd him died of an Apoplexy March 20. 1413. in the Forty sixth Year of his Age and Fourteenth of his Reign His first Wife was Mary one of the Daughters and Co-heirs of Humphrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton she died before he came to the Crown 1394. but left him four Sons 1. Henry V. who succeeded him 2. Thomas Duke of Clarence slain at Beaufort in France but left no Issue 3. John Duke of Bedford and Regent of France Died Septemb. 14. 1435. but had no Issue 4. Humphrey surnamed The Good created Duke of Gloucester by his Brother Henry V. Protector to his Nephew Henry VI. and at last imprison'd and strangled by the device of Queen Margaret Wife of the said Henry VI. 1447. His second Wife was Joan Daughter of Charles I. King of Navarre Widow of John de Menthâ—â—â— Duke of Bretagne by whom he had no Issue She surviv'd her Husband and died 1437. XIV To him succeeded his eldest Son Henry V. born at Monmouth 1385. Crown'd April 9. 1412. His Youth had been somewhat extravagant but he soon recover'd it and supplied his defect of Title by worthy Actions The Parliament at this time look'd with a sharp eye upon the Church-Lands and to divert the Humour Henry Chichely Archbishop of Canterbury put the King in the head of his Title to France and withal assur'd him That he had consulted the Clergy and that they had resolv'd to advance such a Summ towards it as never Spiritual Persons had given to any King before Upon this the King treated with the Parliament touching the matter which they so approv'd that an Army is forthwith rais'd in the head of which he lands in France and in a sew days besieg'd Harflue and took it 1415. and having pass'd the River Soame came up with the French then lying at Agincourt where with an Army not exceeding 15000 Men he cut off the others of 60000 Octob. 25. the same Year and return'd for England 1416. and made the Duke of Bedford Regent of France 1417. whither he follow'd himself the same Summer Took Caen 1417. Chierburgh Dampfront 1418. Rohan Vernon Mante Pontoise the Castle of St. Germane Meulane 1419. And after another Victory near the City of Mens it was amongst other things concluded That King Henry should marry the Lady Catharine the King of France's Daughter and after his death become Heir of the said Realm and in the mean time have the whole Government of the same as Regent thereof According to which they were married June 3. 1420. and the King solemnly proclaim'd Heir and Regent of France and the Duke of Burgundy and most of the Nobility swore Fealty to him As also did the Three Estates of the Realm assembled at Paris each Person severally for himself 1421. And in April following carried his Queen into England Yet notwithstanding this Charks the Dauphin retires to Berry and gets Forces together Nor was the Duke of Bedford less industrious to pursue him 'till the King coming over again and in his march to relieve Cosny then besieg'd by the Dauphin was taken with a Pleurisie of which he died at Blot St. Vincent Aug. 31. 1422. in the Thirty eighth Year of his Age and Tenth of his Reign and left by the said Catharine de Valois Daughter of the said King of France XV. Henry VI. born at Windsor Decem.
Daughter Elizabeth who afterwards was Queen Septemb 10. following And lastly after a like Divorce beheaded with a Sword May 19. 1536. Three days after whose death some say sooner he married the Lady Jane Seimour Daughter of Sir John Seimour who brought him a Son Prince Edward who succeeded him October the 12th 1537. and died two days after During this â—ime the Cardinal with the King's leave was on his Journey for York but arrested of High-Treason by the way and died at Leicester Abbey Nov. 30. 1530. ere he could reach London To him succeeded in Favour and Power his Servant Cromwell the occasion thus The Cardinal had by the Pope's License suppress'd some small Religious Houses for the Endowment of his Colleges of Christ's Church in Oxford and Ipswich which the King made use of as a Wimble to let in the greater Augre and Cromwell his Instrument for suppressing the rest If they voluntarily surrender'd they went off with Pensions if otherwise and that they defended their Possessions they ran Whiting the Abbot of Glastenbury's Fate to be hang'd for taking Arms against the King From which Beginnings there were first and last dissolved Monasteries 645. whereof 26 had Place and Voice among the Peers Colleges 90. Chauntries and Free-Chappels 2374. Hospitals 110. Nor was the King wanting to give him a Figure suitable to the Undertaking for in the compass of three Years he made him Master of the Jewel-House a Privy Councellor Secretary Master of the Rolls Lord Privy-Seal and Baron Cromwell July 10. 1536. Vicegerent in Spiritualibus the 18th of the same Month Knight of the Garter April 23. 1538. Earl of Essex and Lord High Chamberlain of England April 18. 1540. And his Son Gregory Baron of Okeham which Title remain'd in his Family 'till by the death of Vere Cromwell late Earl of Ardglas in Ireland without Issue Male it was extinct 1686. The King had now been a Widower two Years when Cromwell thinking to rivet himself in the King's Favour by a Queen of his making negotiated a Match for him with Anne Sister of William Duke of Cleve c. who was married to him Jan 6. 1540. But the King not liking her they were divorc'd by Act of Parliament upon her own Consent she renouncing the Title of Queen for that of the King 's adopted Sister And with this Match fell Cromwell for it brought him into the King's disfavour Nor wanted he Enemies to load him by whose procurement he was committed to the Tower July 9. 1540. and the King having No More need of him attainted in Parliament of High Treason and Heresie without so much as being call'd to answer and thereupon beheaded the 19th of the same Month. His FIFTH Wife was the Lady Catharine Howard Daughter of Edmond third Son of Thomas first Duke of Norfolk whom also he attainted in Parliament and beheaded Feb. 13. 1541. The Year following the Title of Lord of Ireland was by the respective Parliaments of both Kingdoms alter'd into that of King of Ireland And to encourage such of the Irish Nobility as came in to him he created O Brian Earl of Thoumond June 3. 1543. And Mac-William a-Burgh Earl of Clanricart July 1. following and 12th of the same Month married the Lady Catharine Parr Widow of the Lord Latimer who had the luck to survive him and was afterwards married to the Lord Admiral Seimour Nor had he after that Year the opportunity of doing much saving that he landed an Army in Scotland under the Conduct of the Lord Admiral Dudley who burnt Lieth to the ground forc'd Edinburgh and having fir'd it as also Thirty other Towns and Villages came back for England by Berwick 1544. And to close the last Scene of his Life he made a Royal Voyage into France and besieg'd Boloigne which by the Personal Courage and Conduct of the said Lord Admiral was surrender'd and the King rode triumphantly into it Sept. 8. the same Year and made him Governour thereof For the recovery of this the French made several attempts but all unsuccessful Whereupon it was at last concluded between the two Kings That if the King of France paid the King of England 800000 Crowns in eight Years he should have Boloigne restor'd to him and that in the mean time it should remain in the King of England's hands as a Security for the Money June 7. 1547. After which falling into a Dropsie he died Jan. 28. following being the Fifty fifth Year of his Age and Thirty seventh of his Reign He had the Soul of a Prince Magnificent and Liberal and whatever may be said of King-Craft understood what it was to be a King Nor were the Popes Julius II. and Leo X. less sensible of it which made them so forward to have engag'd him to their Interest For the former having by a Decree of the Council of Lateran depriv'd the King of France of the Title of Christianissimus transferr'd it to him but died before the Bull was sent over 1514. and the latter granted to him Poster is suis the Title of Defensor Fidei 1521. His Wives as hath been said were SIX but he had Issue only by the Three first viz. By Queen Catharine 1. Henry Tudor born Jan. 1. 1509. and died Feb. 22. following 2. Another not Named born 1514. but liv'd not long 3. Mary Tudor born Feb. 18. 1518. and afterwards came to be Queen of England By Queen Anne Bullen 1. Elizabeth Tudor born Septemb. 10. 1533. who succeeded her Half Sister Mary in the Crown 2. A Male-Child still-born Feb. 29. 1535. By Queen Jane Edward born as before made Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal and Earl of Chester Octob. 18. 1537. His Natural Issue Henry surnam'd Fitz Roy begotten on the Lady Elizabeth Talbois Daughter of Sir John Blount Kt. and Widow of Sir Gilbert Talbois created Earl of Nottingham June 18. 1525. and the same day Duke of Richmond and Somerset Died without Issue his Father living 1536. XXI To his Father succeeded his only Son Prince Edward VI. a Protestant to whom being yet but Nine Years of Age his Mother's Brother Sir Edward Seimour created Viscount Beauchamp 1536. Earl of Hertford 1538. was appointed Governour proclaimed Lord Protector Feb. 1. 1547. and made Duke of Somerset the 17th of the same Month At which time also his younger Brother Sir Thomas Seimour was made Lord Sudley and High Admiral of England the late Lord Admiral Dudley Earl of Warwick the Lord Chancellor Wriothsley Earl of Southampton and the King Crown'd the 25th following Whereupon the REFORMATION began but the Lord Chancellor seeming averse to it was remov'd from the Privy-Council discharg'd of all his Offices and Sir William Pawlett Lord St. John made Chancellor in his room In which Year the Parliament having given the King Free-Chappels c. he set out the Free-Chappel of St. Stephen founded by King Stephen for a place of Sitting for the House of Commons which before that time had been in the Chapter House of the
1648. in the Forty eighth Year of his Age and Twenty fourth of his Reign And thus fell this oppress'd King than whom many have worn a Crown longer no one left it with so much Resolution His Queen and Relict was Henrietta Maria as hath been before said by whom he had Four Sons and as many Daughters 1. Charles Stuart born Christen'd and died the same Day March 18. 1628. 2. Charles Stuart Prince of Wales born May 29. 1630. who after a Twelve Years subversion of the Government was restor'd 1660. 3. James Stuart Duke of York born Octob. 14. 1633. who his Brother dying without Issue succeeded him in the Crown 4. Henry Stuart Duke of Gloucester born July 8. 1640. died after the Restauration Septemb. 13. 1660. His Daughters 1. Mary Stuart born Novemb. 4. 1631. married to William of Nassau Prince of Orange May 2. 1641. by whom she had one Son Henry William born nine Days after the Death of his Father Crown'd King of England April 11. 1689. She died Decemb 24. 1660. 2. Elizabeth Stuart born Decemb. 28. 1635. died Septemb. 8. 1650. 3. Anne Stuart born March 17. 1636. died Decemb. 8. 1640. 4. Henrietta Maria Stuart born June 16. 1644 at Exeter from whence she was convey'd into France and married to Philip Duke of Orleans Brother to Lewis XIV the present King of France She died 1670. King Charles I. being thus dead and that whatever it were of a Parliament according to the known Laws of England thereby dissolv'd they that had kill'd the Father knew they could not be secure 'till they had done as much by the Son and therefore immediately abolish the Monarchy and turn the Name Style Title and Test of the King into that of The Keepers of the Liberty of England by Authority of Parliament and make it High-Treason to proclaim or any ways to promote Charles Stuart commonly call'd Prince of Wales or any other Person to be King c. Yet this hindred not but that several printed Declarations in the Name of the Nobility Judges Gentry and other the Freemen of England were scattered about London thereby recognizing the Prince's Hereditary Birth-right to the Crown c. and their Resolutions of defending it to the last Man Dated Feb. 1. in the First Year of the Reign of King Charles II. XXVI The House of Lords was yet sitting and sent to the Commons for a Conference touching these matters who instead of vouchsafing them an Answer by their Votes Feb. 6. declare the Kingly Office to be unnecessary and burthensome and the Lords House dangerous and useless and therefore to be laid aside Against these Proceedings the Lords protest and the Army set a Guard upon their House to prevent their assembling And the Commons wholly took it away and their Privilege of Peerage with it unless being duly Qualified they shall be elected to sit in Parliament And thereupon enacted themselves The Supreme Authority of the Nation A Commonwealth and Free State without any King or House of Lords And committed the Executive Part of the Government to A Council of State erected by them of whom Forty were principal Officers in the Army And having obliterated the very Prints of Monarchy they proceeded to the Sale of King's Queen's Prince's Bishops Dean and Chapters and Delinquents Lands of which themselves were for the most part Purchasers and that at easie Rates During this time the Parliament of Scotland that they might at least seem not wanting to their Duty recognize the King's undoubted Right of Succession to the Crowns of these Kingdoms But with this Clause in it That he be not admitted to the Exercise of it 'till he had given Satisfaction to the Kingdom touching the Security of Religion and the Unity betwixt the Kingdoms according to the National Covenant and the Solemn League and Covenant Middleton on the other hand and several of the Scots Nobility that were for having the King admitted without previous Conditions take Arms in the Highlands but were dispers'd before the Marquess of Montross who with Men and Arms was just landed in the Isles of Orkney could come up to join them However this nothing daunted his Magnanimity but that with the Assistance of some few that came in to him he successfully made good the King's Interest against the Covenanters as he had formerly done his Royal Father's in 1645. And now they at home finding no great danger to be yet fear'd from Scotland cast an eye upon Ireland where the Irish had generally submitted to the King's Authority and with the Assistance of several of the English that had serv'd his Father had in a manner reduc'd the whole Kingdom excepting Dublin and the more remote parts of Ulster And having laid a new Tax of 90000 l. a Month for the maintenance of the Army they order Seven Regiments of Foot Four of Horse and One of Dragoons to be sent thither and appoint Cromwel General and his Son Ireton Lieutenant-General for the Expedition who with all the haste that could be transported their Forces and landed in Dublin Aug. 5. 1649. whence after a little refreshment Cromwel marches them for Drogedah and after several repulses takes it by storm puts all to the sword with out respecting either Age Sex or Condition and in less than a Year subdues the most part of the Kingdom to the Power of the New Commonwealth and returns for England leaving Iretan to finish the rest which he liv'd not to effect but died of the Plague at Limerick and was succeeded by Ludiour While things went thus in Ireland the Estates of Scotland had spun out a lingering Treaty with the King at Breda during which the Kirk-Party having surpriz'd Mentrosa defeated his Forces and gotten himself betray'd into their hands they bring him to Edinburgh hang him on a Gallows Thirty Foot high and quarter him May 21. 1650. at what time yet his Resolution was so great and his Deportment so winning that he won more from them by his manner of Dying than he could have vanquish'd in the Field by Arms. However the Treaty took effect at last and the King lands in Scotland and was proclaim'd at Edinburgh July 15. And now the Men at Westminster better known by the Name of The Rump think it high time to look about them and form an Army to be sent thither Fairfax should have commanded it but whether it were that the Covenant had bewitch'd him or Cromwel out-witted him he declin'd the Charge and Cromwel is made Generalissimo and with 16000 effective Men enters Scotland and has a Fleet on the Coasts to attend his motions Nor was it long ere he engag'd the Scots Army and gave them 6000 Horse and Dragoons and 15000 Foot a Defeat at Musleburgh and a total Rout at Dunbar Septemb. 3. the same Year On which they quit Edinburgh and retiring to St. Johnsteun for new Recruits Crown the King at Scoon Jan. 1. following Nor was Cromwel idle all this time but having Edinburgh-Castle surrender'd
his Astronomical Observations He had great Wars with the Swede till the Year 1570. In 1574. he began to build Cromenburg and two Years after open'd an University at Sora. He likewise highly adorned and advanc'd the Order of the Elephant His Queen was the Princess Sophia of Meckeburg By whom he had these following Sons and Daughters 1. Elizabeth born 1573. Married to Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick 1590. Deceased 1627. 2. Anne born 1574. given in Marriage to James King of Scotland and afterwards of Great Britain on the 20th of Aug. 1590. Deceased March the 2d 1618. 3. Augusta born 1580. Married to Adolph Duke of Holstein Gottorp Deceased 1629. 4. Hedewig born 1581. and Married Christianus the Second Elector of Saxony she departed this Life 1602. The Sons were 1. Christian the Fourth born 1577. 2. Ulrick Bishop of Sleswick Deceased 1624. And 3. John born 1583. who went into Muscovy where in hopes of succeeding to that Crown he Married the Princess Alexia but being seiz'd by an Apoplexy dyed without Issue An. 1602. Christian the Fourth was elected King at the Age of Thirteen his Father being yet living who having his thoughts on War tho' in time of Peace gave Orders for the raising several Fine Fortifications namely Christianstadt in Schonen Christiania in Norway Christianople in Bleking Gluckstadt upon the Elbe and Christian-Presk in Holstein He was engaged in several great Wars as first with the Swede then with Count Schaumburg a second time with the Swede in 1611. followed by a Peace in 1613. Then with the Emperour in 1625. on behalf of the Circle of the Lower-Saxony by whose Forces he was defeated in a Battel fought not far from Lutheram Bohrenburg then again with the Swede in 1643 at which time he had various Success till at length a Peace was concluded with 'em at the Town of Bremsbroe in the Year 1648. In 1618. he set out a Fleet for the Isle of Zeilan in the East-Indies the first that ever sailed from Denmark for those Parts which returned Freighted with Spice The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Anne Catharine Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue 1. Christian born 1603. elected to succeed him but dyed in the Prime of his Age An. 1647. 2. Frederick of whom more in the next Sect. And 3. Ulrick born 1611. deceased in Silesia of a Wound receiv'd by a Musquet-shot An. 1631. Besides these he had many natural Children namely John Ulrick of Guldenlow by a certain Lady named Catharina Andraea As also Christian Woldemar Earl of Hilstein Deceased at Lublin in the Swedish Service against the Poles An. 1656. Frederica Sophia Married to Christian Earl of Penzen Councellor of State Frederica Eleanora Married to Cornifitz Count d' Ulfeldt the King 's chief Taster deceased 1684. Frederica Elizabeth given in Marriage to John de Lindenau Councellor of State Christina to Hannibal a Geestadt Governour of Norway Frederica Hedewig espous'd to Ebbo d' Uhlefeldt And Dorothy who changed her Religion and took the Habit of a Nun Which Seven were born him by Madam Catharine Munkin Last of all by Madam de Wibiken he was Father of Ulrick Christianus de Guldenlow deceased 1661. And Elizabeth Married to Nicholas Count d' Ahlefeldt 9. VI. Frederick the Third Bishop of Bremen being beaten out of his Bishoprick by the Swede was after his Father and Brother Christian's Decease elected King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1648. He discover'd Count Uhlefeldt's Conspiracy And had War with the English as also with the Swede till a Peace was made at Roschild 1654. But the War breaking out a fresh the next Year Copenhagen was besieged by the Swedes and Tuyen recovered by the Danes When a Peace was again concluded in 1666. In his Reign the constitution of the Government was altered and of an elective Monarchy made Hereditary His Queen was Sophia Amalia Daughter of George Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Christian the Fifth the present King of Denmark 2. Anna Sophia born 1647. and married in 1666. to John George the Third Elector of Saxony 3. Frederica Amalia born 1648. and married in 1667. to Christian Albert Duke of Sleswick 4. Wilhelmina Ernestina born 1650. the now Relict of Charles late Elector Palatine 5. George who crossing the Seas went for England where he married the Princess Anne Daughter of James Duke of York since King of England on the 28th of July 1683. by whom he has had many Children but all Daughters and short lived However in Aug. last this present Year 1689. she was at length brought to Bed of a Prince the Joy and Hopes of the English Nation 6. Ulrica Eleanora born 1656 and married to Charles the Eleventh the present King of Sweden May the 16th 1680. Besides these he left a natural Son Ulrick Frederick Count de Guldenlow the now Governour of Norway who by a certain noble Lady is Father of Woldemar Baron of Lowenthal a Colonel in the Danish Forces Afterwards he took to Wife Antonia Augusta Daughter of Anthony Count Oldenburg in the Year 1677. by whom he has many Children and amongst the rest Frederick Christianus As for the Good King he departed this life Feb. the 9th 1670. § VII And now for Christian the present King his Son and Sucessor born 1645. who in short has had sharp Wars with Sweden Has Imprisoned his Chancellor Greiffenfield for life Sat down before Hamburgh but was forced to raise his Siege Has restored the Danobrogick Order of Knighthood Has surrendred the Dutchy of Sleswick to the Duke of Holstein and is married to Charlotte Daughter of William Landtgrave of Hesse by whom he has Issue a fair Race of Princes viz. 1. Frederick born Oct. the 21st 1671. 2. Christianus Oct. the 18th 1675. 3. Sophia Hedewig Aug. the 28th 1677. 4. Christiana Charlotte Jan. the 18th 1679. 5. Charles Oct. the 25th 1680. And 6. William 1687. Of the Augmentation of the Regal Family § VIII AFter it had been enacted in the Reign of Queen Margaret that for the future Denmark Sweden and Norway should be Governed by the same Prince Christianus the First Earl of Oldenburg became possessed of these Three Kingdoms by Right of Election that is to say first of Denmark to which appertained Jutlandt Zelandt Tuyen Schonen Halland Bleking Temeren Bornholm Alsen Lang-Landt Lalandt Hyen c. secondly â—f Norway and its Dependencies to which â—â—so belonged the Isles of Orkney and Iseland â—â—irdly of Sweden together with both the Sothlands Lapland Finland and other its appurtenances In the Year 1459. Christianus he First bought the Earldom or County of Holstein for three and thirty Thousand Florins 〈◊〉 1474. the County of Holstein was erected into a Dutchy of the sacred Roman Empire Upon the Death of Adolph Duke of Sleswick that Dutchy as held in Fee fell to the Crown Christian the Third bought the Isle of Oesel and Lordship of Auron in Livonia where
Death bears date 1611. in the sixty first Year of his Age. The first Wife he married was Anne Mary Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine by whom he had a Daughter named Catharine living at his Death married to John Casimire Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts and by that match Grandmother of the present King His second Wife's name was Christina Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein who bore him Two Sons and as many Daughters viz. 1. Christina deceased in her Infancy 2. Gustavus Adolphus of whom more in the next Sect. 3. Mary Elizabeth married to John Duke of Finland And 4. Charles Philip Duke of Sudermanland deceased 1622. § III. Gustavus Adolphus who succeeded his Father was born in the Year 1594. and Crowned King of Sweden 1617. Two years after his Father's Death he made Peace with the Danes An 1613. and with the Muscovites the same Year he was Crown'd He continued the War with the Poles and reduced all Liffland in the Year 1625. making Prussia Regal the seat of War In 1630. he made an Expedition into Germany for suppressing the Enemies of the Reformed Religion where he was slain at the Battel of Lutzen Nov. 16. 1632. leaving Issue by Mary Eleanor Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg only a Daughter the Princess Christina who under the Regency of her Mother carried on the War in Germany by her General Charles Gustavus of Deux-Ponts her Father's Sister 's Son In the mean time the Danish War broke out a fresh till a Peace was again concluded with 'em in the Year 1645. As also with the Emperour and his Confederates In 1648. she changed her Religion and turned Catholick and taking her way thro' France went for Rome where she continued till the day of her Death which was in the Year 1689. on April 9. Old Stile § IV. Hereupon the Government fell to Charles Gustavus as next of Blood being Son to Catharine Gustavus Adolphus's Sister as hath been already said He was Crown'd King of Sweden June 16. 1654. and immediately ingaged in a War with the Pole wherein by the assistance of his Ally Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg he made himself Master of almost all Poland and Prussia In the mean time the Muscovites make an Incursion into Liffland and the Danes invade Bremen both which he opposed with good success He departed this Life Feb. 13. 1660. leaving by Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick Charles the Eleventh the present King at the Age of five Years to succeed him Who being educated under the Government of his Mother and the Nohility by the Mediation of the French King concluded the Peace of St. Olives in the first Year of his Reign 1660. with the Emperor the King of Poland and his Serene Highness the Elector of Brandenburg Afterwards making an Alliance with the French he had a fresh War with the Danes as also the Elector of Brandenburg and his Allies especially with the Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg till Peace was once more restored by the Treaty of Nimeguen In 1680. he settled the Monarchy and revoked all Grants of the Crown Demeans made to this or that Family by any of his Ancestors and the same Year married Ulrica Eleanora Princess of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. Hedewig Sophia born June 26. 1681. 2. Charles Prince Royal born June 17. 1682. 3. Ulrick Eleanor Jan. 21. 1688. as for Gustavus Ulrick and Charles Gustavus they were both short liv'd § V. It remains we say something of Sigismund the Third King of Poland who left Two Sons 1. Uladislaus the Fourth his Successor in that Kingdom who brought the Muscovites to such terms as made 'em Surrender to the Poles whatever they had taken from them till that time nevertheless died without Issue May 20. 1648. And 2. John Casimire Jesuit and Cardinal who upon his Brother's decease was by a dispensation from the Pope Elected and Crowned King on the 17th of January in the same Year yet afterwards abdidicated the Government and resumed his Monastick Habit being the last of the Swedish Race in Poland Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. IT has been already observ'd how Gustavus of Wasa was the first of the present Royal Family of Sweden He was Crowned in 1523. and at the same time had Sweden properly so called put into his Possession together with Nord-Land Gothland Finland and whatever else appertained at that time to the Kingdom of Sweden In 1578. the Soldiers of Liffland put themselves with their Families and Effects under the Protection of Erick King of Sweden which was afterwards confirmed by the Peace concluded at the Monastry of St. Olives in Dantzick by which Peace all Livonia beyond the Dwina was adjudged to the Swede for ever Article the 4th Sect. 1. In 1618. Gustavus Adolphus by the Peace then made with the Muscovite gained the Russian Carelia and Ingermanlands In 1648. the hither Pomerania with the Isle of Rugen c. were yielded up to the Swedes as were also the City of Weismar Dutchy of Bremen and Principality of Ferden by the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg Art 10. By the Peace of Roschild concluded with the Danes 1658. there was an Accession to this Crown of Halland Schenen and Bleking together with the Government and Citadel of Babuys all which was ratified by the Treaty of Nimeguen Of its Decrease § VII THere is scarce any Instance to be given in this Family of any diminution suffered by It unless the Inhabitants of Ingermanland's leaving their Native Country and retiring into Muscovy with their Families and Effects be looked upon as One and therefore can have no Claims were it not that the present King of Sweden has a just pretension to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts taken from his Family by the French King CHAP. VI. Of the House of Portugal § I. HOw Portugal then called Lusitania together with all Spain became first subject to the Roman Government how the Goths beat out the Romans and established themselves there how afterwards about the Year 714. the Moors and Saracens after a total defeat given Roderick the last King of the Goths made themselves Masters in a manner of the whole Country the brevity of our design will not permit us to discourse at large If any are desirous to be acquainted with the particulars of these Transactions let 'em consult the famous Pufendorf and those other Authors mentioned by Beckman in the first Chapter and first Section of his Civil History 'T is sufficient for us to know that towards the latter end of the Eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of his Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of
dispensation from his Holiness he married the Princess Mary Frances Elizabeth his Brother's Wife who departing this Life Dec. 27. 1683. he in 1687. took to Wife the Lady Mary Sophia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine He has a Daughter by the first Venture now living viz. Mary Elizabeth born 1669. and in 1689. Contracted to John William eldest Son of Philip William Elector Palatine As for the present Queen she was brought to Bed Aug. 30. 1688. of a young Prince whose date of Life was very short for it died the third of Sept. in the same Year However there is just now arrived an Express whilst we were writing this with the happy news of the Birth of a second Prince born this present October 1689. to whom God grant long Life and happy Success His name is John Of the Augmentation of This House § V. BY what has been already said it plainly appears how Alphonso the First made Himself King of Portugal Afterwards Alphonso the Third obtained the Kingdom of Algarve by way of Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile In 1415. John the Bastard possessed himself of the City of Ceuta in Africk His Son Henry discovered the Madera and subdu'd the Fortunate Islands and put his Country-men in Possession of them An. 1620. Alphonso the Fifth took Tangier Arcilla and Alcassar in Africa Emanuel by his General Albuquerque made himself Master of the Cities of Ormus Malaca Cochin and Goa in the East-Indies In Africk he subdued great part of Barbary Guinee Congo the Isle of St. Thomas Mosambique Melinda Mombaza and Zefala as also Brasil in America Moreover the Portuguese hold the City of Maoco situate in an Island not far from China as also the Azores Islands the chiefest of which is Tercera Of its Decrease § VI. THo' Portugal for some considerable time acknowledged the Spanish Government yet it was restored to it self in the Fortieth Year of this Century Since which time little or no Encroachments have been made on it by any King or State except the Hollanders whose East-India Company have by little and little wrested from the Portuguese in a manner all they were possessed of in those Parts some few Places excepted From all which it is plain that This Family has Pretensions to no other Places but those taken from it by the Dutch CHAP. VII Of the Palatine and Bavarian Family § I. HEnry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony of whom we shall make farther mention when we come to treat of the House of Brunswick and Lunenburg being Proscribed and Outed of all his Territories by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa Otho Earl of Wittelsbach and Scyre was created Duke of Bavaria by the said Emperor in the Year 1180. This Otho begat Lewis Father of Otho the Second Otho the Second married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress of Henry the Younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperor Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. His death bears date 1253. And his Issue were 1. Lewis the Severe born Ap. 13. 1229. of whom more in the next Section 2. Elizabeth married after the decease of the Emperor Conrade the Fourth her first Husband to Meinhard Earl of Goritia and Tyrole deceased 1270. 3. Sophia the Wife of Albert Count d' Albersberg And 4. Henry born 1235. who had the Lower Bavaria for his Patrimony and married the Daughter of Bela the Fourth King of Hungary by whom he had Issue Three Sons 1. Otho his Successor in Bavaria elected also King of Hungary in opposition to Charles Martel An. 1305. but afterwards taken Prisoner by the Veywode of Transilvania and died 1312. having first regained his liberty and leaving Issue an only Son who was named Henry and taken off by a suddain and accidental death 2. Lewis deceased without Issue 1296. And 3. Stephen Duke of the Lower Bavaria deceased 1â—11 leaving Issue 1st Otho deceased Issueless 2dly Henry who begat John which John took to Wife his Cousin Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria but dying without Issue his Father-in-law the Emperor seized on the Lower Bavaria notwithstanding the Pretensions and Protestations of Adolph Elector Palatine the nearer Kinsman 3dly Beatrix married to Henry Earl of Goritia 4thly Elizabeth given in Marriage to Otho of Austria Fifth Son to the Emperor Albert the First And 5thly Agnes who was veiled a Nun. § II. We now return to Lewis the Severe Count and Elector Palatine who elected Rudolph the First Emperor but was afterwards Proscribed himself by Adolph of Nassau the succeeding Emperor yet upon making his Innocency appear was receiv'd again into favour and ended his days at Heidelberg An. 1294. This Prince had Three Wives the first of which was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Brabant beheaded by him out of Jealousie Feb. 1. 1256. The second Anne Daughter of Conrade Duke of Glogow deceased 1268. And the third Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Rudolph the First deceased Decemb. 23. 1304. His Issue by these Ladies were 1. Lewis the Second deceased before his Father An. 1290. being accidentally but mortally wounded at a Tournament 2. Rudolph born 1274. of whom more in the next Section 3. Another Lewis of whom we shall treat in the 18th Section as Author of the Bavarian Line 4. Anne married to Henry Landtgrave of Hesse And 5. Mechtilda or Maud to Otho Duke of Lunenburg Of the Palatine Line in particular § III. RUdolph succeeded his Father Lewis in the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity and was Author of the Rudolphine Line whereof mention is made in the Fourth Art of the Instrument of the Peace of Osnaburg This Prince opposed himself to the Designs of the Emperor Albert the First which created him much mischief Nor cou'd he ever agree with his Brother Lewis who reduced him in the end to such extremities as forced him to take Refuge in England where he died in Exile An. 1319. He had to his first Wife Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Adolph of Nassau deceased 1315. And to his second an English Princess of the same name By the first Venture he had Issue that out-liv'd him 1. Adolph the First born 1300. deceased 1327. of whom more in the next Section 2. Rudolph the Second made Elector after his Brother Adolph's decease and being reconciled to his Uncle Lewis of Bavaria the Emperour had the whole Palatinate put into his hands He departed this Life 1353. leaving Issue by his Wife Anne Daughter of Otho Duke of Carinthia only one Daughter of her Mother's name and afterwards married to the Emperor Charles the Fourth 3. Rupert the First who opened the University of Heidelberg in the Year 1346. and after his Brother Rudolph's decease succeeded in the Electoral Dignity He made an Expedition ' gainst the Impostor of Brandenburg who pretended to be Waldomar the late deceased Marquess of that
Palatine and Bavarian Lines This Prince departed this Life before his Father An. 1504. leaving Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of George Duke of Bavaria aforesaid 1. Otho Henry born 1502. in the beginning of his Life an unhappy Princes Of all his Mother's Inheritance he obtained only the Dutchy of Newburg In 1542. he made publick Profession of the Reformed Religion and succeeding in the Electorate at the decease of his Uncle Frederick the Second wholly extirpated the Romish Religion out of all the Palatinate He was also Founder of the Library a◠Heidelburg and died without Issue 1559. And 2. Philip the Third born 1503. who is 1529. bravely defended Vienna against the dreadful Assaults of the Turkish Army being at that time Governour o◠the City where he highly signalized his Courage He deceased a Batchellor 1548. 4. Frederick the Second surnamed The Wise as also The Pious born Dec. 9. 1483. This Prince spent his Youth in the Court of Philip of Austria and was afterwards made to Charles the Fifth He was likewise present at the Election of the said Charles as Proxy for his Brother Lewis the Elector and in 1519. sent to him to signifie his Promotion to the Imperial Throne After that he was often his Deputy and Vicar in his Absence In most of the Dyets he was one of the chief Counsellors and President of that held in 1528. He twice headed the Imperial Armies against the Turks and forced Solyman to raise his Siege from before Vienna In 1544. he succeeded his Brother in the Electoral Dignity In 1546. he made Profession of the Protestant Faith and began to introduce the same into his Dominions Nevertheless he admitted the Book Intituled Interim for fear he might too far incense the Emperor Charles the Fifth He departed this Life in the 73d Year of his Age An. 1556. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Christian the Second King of Denmark but by her no Issue 5. George the First born Feb. 10. 1486. elected Bishop of Sponheim 1513. He began to build the Fortification and Castle of Udenheim since called Philipsburg and died 1529. 6. Henry Bishop of Worms born Feb. 15. 1587. deceased 1552. or 1554. 7. John Bishop of Ratisbonne born 1488 deceased 1538. 8. Wolfgang surnamed The Wise born Oct. 31. 1494. He liv'd at Newmark where he likewise died of Old Age Apr. 2. 1558. 9. Otho Henry born and dead the same Year viz. 1496. 10. Aemilia the Wife of George the First Duke of Stetin deceased 1524. 11. Helen married to Henry Duke of Meckleburg deceased 1513. 12. Elizabeth espoused by William Landtgrave of Hesse An. 1498. and after his decease by Philip Marquess of Baden she died 1522. And 13. Catharine who was Veiled a Nun. § VII Matters thus far cleared we now return to Stephen fifth Son to the Emperor Rupert of whom we made mention in the fourth Section Numb 5. This Prince had the County of Simmeren for his Patrimony and took to Wife the Lady Anne the only Daughter of Frederick Count Veldentz with whom he had that whole County as also great part of the County of Sponheim She likewise bore him Issue 1. Frederick born 1417. 2. Margaret deceased a Maid An. 1426. 3. Lewis of whom more below in the twelfth Section 4. Rupert the Seventh Bishop of Strasburg deceased Oct. 18. 1478. 5. John the Third Bishop of Munster afterwards Arch Bishop of Magdeburg deceased Nov. 13. 1475. 6. Stephen the Second Canon of Cologne deceased 1481. And 7. Another John Canon of Strasburg Of these Frederick the Eldest surnamed Der Hundes Xuecten obtained the County of Simmeren and upper part of the County of Sponheim by Virtue of his Father's Will and died 1486. leaving Issue by Margaret Daughter of Arnold Duke of Guelderland these Five following Princes 1. John the Sixth of whom more in the next Section 2. Rupert the Ninth Bishop of Ratisbonne deceased 1507. 3. Stephen the Third Provost of the Cathedral at Cologne 4. William Canon of Triers And 5. Frederick the Second Canon of Cologne § VIII John the Sixth succeeded his Father in the Palatinate of Simmeren and departed this Life in the Year 1509. having begot on his Wife Joan of Nassau John the Eighth and Frederick Provost of the Cathedral Church of Strasburg John the Elder of the Two succeeded his Father and was a very learned Prince upon which account he was made President of the Imperial Chamber at Spire by the Emperor Charles the Fifth He departed this Life An. 1557. having had Two Wives the first being Beatrix Daughter of Christopher Marquess of Baden the other Mary Jacobaea Daughter of James Earl of Ettingen By the first Lady he had Issue 1. Elizabeth married to George Count d' Epach 2. Sabina given in Marriage An. 1544. to Lamoral Count d' Egmont who was publickly Beheaded by the common Executioner at Bruxels An. 1568. by the command of the Duke d' Alva then Governour of the Netherlands 3. Frederick the Third born Feb. 14. 1515. of whom more in the next Section 4. George born Feb. 20. 1518. a Prince of great Courage who serv'd the Spaniard against the French He was of the Reform'd Religion and took to Wife Elizabeth Daughter to William Landtgrave of Hesse yet died without Issue May 19. 1569. 5. Richard who upon his Brother George's Decease without Issue became Possessed of the Principality of Simmeren He was a great Stickler for the Lutheran Confession which was the reason he was kept from the Manage of Affairs and Guardianship of his Nephew Frederick the Elector during his Minority who was brought up a Calvinist He likewise died as his Brother George did without Issue notwithstanding he was thrice Married An. 1598. 6. William deceased an Infant 7. Helen the Wife of Philip Count de Leining 8. Magdalen married to Philip Earl of Hanover 9. N Lady Abbess of Newburg born 1516. deceased 1562. 10. Jean Prioress of Poppart And 11. Ottilia all Veiled Nuns 12. Mary and all Veiled Nuns 13. Catharine all Veiled Nuns § IX Frederick the Third upon the Death of the Elector Otho Henry mention'd by us in the sixth Section Numb 3. without Issue succeeded him in the Electorate as next of Blood An. 1559. This Prince established the Reformed Religion in his Dominions upon which Account he suffered very much In 1560 he caused a Conference to be held at Heidelberg and Published the Heidelberg Catechism three Years after He was likewise a vigorous Promoter of the Hugonets Cause in France and sent assistance to the Dutch His first Marriage was with Mary Daughter of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg deceased Oct. 21. 1567. After which he took to Wife the Lady Aemilia Daughter to Humbert Earl of Meurs and Nevenaer Henry Brederode's Widow who died 1602. as himself had done some Years before viz. 1576. His Children are said to be 1. Albert the Second born 1538. deceased 1553. 2. Lewis the Sixth born July 4. 1539. of whom more in the next Section 3.
his decease to Hesson Count de Leiningen Beatrice the Wife of Herman Count de Calley and afterwards of John Count Palatine in Amberg and Albert the Third This Albert surnamed The Pious had Ten Children by his Wife Anne Daughter of Erick the First Duke of Brunswick whereof Ernest and Albert died Young the rest were 1. John the Fourth born in Nov. 1437. deceased of the Plague and without Issue 1463. 2. Sigismund born 1439. He likewise died Issueless An. 1501. 3. Albert the Fourth born Oct. 15. 1440. of whom in the next Section 4. Margaret married to Frederick Marquess of Mantua 1462. deceased 1480. 5. Elizabeth born 1442. she was married to Ernestus Elector of Saxony and died 1484. 6. Christopher born Jan. 5. 1450. a Prince of great Courage and famous for his Strength yet lead a single Life and died 1493. 7. Barbara born 1451. she was veiled a Nun. And 8. Wolfgang who likewise died a Batchellor An. 1514. § XXI We now return to Albert who maintained a very bloody War against Philip Elector Palatine for the Succession to the Inheritance of George the Rich Duke of the Lower Bavaria He departed this Life 1508. leaving Issue by Cunigund Daughter of the Emperor Frederick the Third as followeth 1. William the Fourth of whom beneath 2. Sidoni◠born 1488. deceased 1505. 3. Sibilla married to Lewis the Fifth Elector Palatine 4. Sabina born 1492. married to Ulrick the Second Duke of Wirtenburg 5. Susanna born 1502. married after the decease of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg her first Husband to Otho Henry Elector Palatine deceased 1543. 6. Lewis the Tenth born 1495. deceased a Batchellor 1545. 7. Erneste born 1500. elected Arch Bishop of Salisbury and Passaw which Churches he not only freed from Debt without oppressing his Subjects but likewise inrich'd the same In 1554. he resigned and liv'd upon his own Estate in Stlesia till the Year of his death 1560. William the Fourth must now appear born 1493. deceased 1550. leaving Issue by Mary Jaqucline Daughter of Philip Marquess of Baden Maud married to Philibert Marquess of Baden deceased 1565. And 1. Albert the Fifth born 1526. deceased 1579. having had to Wife Anne Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the First by whom he had a fair Issue whose Names we shall set down in this following Order 1. Charles born 1547. deceased 1551. 2. William the Fifth born 1548. of whom more in the next Section 3. Ferdinand born 1550. deceased 1608. who by Mary of Prettenbeck had Issue Francis William Bishop of Osenburg as also Erneste Benno and Francis Laurence from which two lest the Counts of Wirtenburg and Schaumburg are descended 4. Frederick born 1553. deceased the Year following 5. Mary Maximiliana born 1552. deceased 1614. 6. Mary born 1553. married to Charles of Austria Duke of Stiria c. 1571. deceased 1608. 7. Ernestus the Third Arch-Bishop and Elector of Cologne Bishop of Friesingen Hildesheim and Liege born 1554. deceased 1612. § XXII We now return to William the Fifth Propagator of the Bavarian Line in whom also the Wilhelmine Line began He was a most devout Prince and a great admirer of Learning His Dutchess was Renata Daughter of Francis Duke of Lorrain deceased 1602. whereas himself surviv'd till Feb. 7. 1626. having had Issue Ten Children whereof Four died young the rest were 1. Maximilian of whom beneath 2. Mary Anne born 1574. married to Ferdinand of Austria afterwards Emperor by the name of Ferdinand the Second An. 1600. deceased March 8. 1616. 3. Philip Bishop of Ratisbonne and Cardinal born 1576. deceased 1598. 4. Ferdinand the Second born Oct. 7. 1577. elected Arch-Bishop of Cologne 1612. He was also Bishop of Liege Munster Hildesheim and Paderborn and died 1650. 5. Albert the Sixth born Ap. 3. 1584. Tutor to his Nephew Elector Ferdinand and Administrator of the Electorate during his Minority This Prince had the Landtgraviate of Leuchtenberg in Dowty with his Wife Maud last Heiress thereof and died 1666. leaving Issue first Mary Renata 1616. deceased in her Infancy secondly John Francis Charles born Nov. 18. 1618. deceased 1640. thirdly Ferdinand William deceased an Infant fourthly Maximilian Henry born 1621. elected Arch-Bishop and Elector of Cologne 1650. as also Bishop of Liege and Hildesheim In 1658. he had a contest with the Bishop of Munster about Crowning the King of the Romans In 1683. himself was elected Bishop of that Diocess and at length ended his days on the third of June New-Stile or twenty fourth of May Old-Stile 1688. about Ten in the Morning And 6. Albert Sigismund Bishop of Freisingen and Ratisbonne born Aug. 5. 1623. deceased 1685. Maximilian born April 17. 1573. succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Bavaria In 1609. he was declared Head of the Catholick League and seiz'd on Donawert Feb. 25. 1623. he obtain'd the Electoral Dignity together with the Upper Palatinate and County of Chamb which was afterwards confirmed by the Treaty of Westphalia In 1646. upon the death of the last Landtgrave of Leuchtenberg that Country fell to Albert Duke of Bavaria and from him to the Electoral Line As for Maximilian he departed this Life in Sept. 1651. having had Elizabeth Daughter of Charles the Second Duke of Lorrain to his first Wife and Mary Anne of Austria Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the Second deceased 1665. to his Second By the last Lady he had Issue Two Sons that out-liv'd him namely 1. Ferdinand Maria Francis Ignatius Wolfgang born Sept. 30. 1636. O. S. 2. Maximilian Philip Jerome Governour of Leuchtenberg born Sept. 20. 1638. who took to Wife Lovise Frebon de Turr Daughter of Frederick Maurice Duke of Bouilion Ap. 15. 1668. and died in January 1689. Ferdinandus Maria succeeded his Father in the Electoral Dignity An. 1651. and married Henrietta Adelheid Daughter of Victor Amadeus Duke of Savoy deceased March 18. 1676. as did himself on May 26. 1679. having had Issue 1. Mary Anne Christina Victoria born Nov. 17. 1660. and married March 7. 1680. to Lewis the Fifteenth Dauphin of France 2. Maximilian Maria Emanuel Cajetan Lewis Francis Ignatius Antonina Felix Nicholas Pius the present Elector born June 11. 1662. who by the Grand Services he daily performs for His Imperial Majesty both against the Turks and French hath sufficiently approved to the whole World his great Abilities in respect both to Civil and Military Affairs In 1685 6. he took to Wife the Princess Mary Antonia Daughter to the present Emperor by his first Wife who was delivered of a young Prince on the 21st of May in the Year 1689. but alas it died soon after 3. Lovise Margaret born 1663. deceased 1665. 4. Lewis Amadens deceased 1665. 5. Cajetan Maria Francis deceased 1670. 6. Joseph Clemens Cajetan Francis Anthony Gasper Melchior Balthasar John Baptist Nicholas Bishop of Ratisbonne and Freisingen born Jan. 23. 1671. elected Arch-Bishop and Elector of Cologne July 14. 1688. And 7. Violante Beatrice born Jan. 23. and married in 1688. to Gaston eldest Son and Heir
was Sophia Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wurtenburg who dying in 1592. he took to his Second Wife the Lady Anne Mary Daughter of Philip Lewis Prince Palatine of Newburg deceased 1643. By these he had a numerous Off-spring whereof we shall mention only Seven the other Five dying Young Their names were 1. Dorothy Sophia Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1587. deceased 1645. 2. John Philip born 1597. deceased 1639. leaving Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick an only Daughter Elizabeth Sophia born Oct. 10. 1619. married to Ernestus Duke of Sax Gotha deceased 1680. 3. Anne Sophia born 1598. married to Charles Frederick Duke of Munsterberg deceased 1641. 4. Frederick born 1599. and Slain in 1215. at a Battel fought not far from Nyenburg on the Weser 5. John William the Second born 1600. deceased 1632. 6. Dorothy born June 16. 1601. married to her Cousin-Germain Albert Duke of Sax-Eysenach deceased 1675. 7. Frederick William the Second born Feb. 12. 1603. deceased 1669. having had Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of Christian William of Brandenburg who departed this Life An. 1650. to his first Wife and Magdalen Sibil Daughter of John George the First Elector of Saxony deceased 1668. to his Second By the last he had Issue 1. Christianus born 1654. deceased 1663. 2. Joan Magdalen born 1656. married to John Adolph Duke of Saxon-Weissenfeld 1671. deceased 1686. And 3. Frederick William the Third born 1657. who indeed succeeded his Father but did not long survive him for he died in 1672. and the fifteenth of his Age. 2. John born 1570. of whom more in the next Section as Propagator of the Branch of Weimar 3. Mary Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1571. deceased 1610. § VI. John the Second had the Principality of Weimar assigned him for his Inheritance and died Oct. 31. 1605. His Wife was Dorothy Mary Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt who departed this Life 1617. having born him this following Issue 1. John Erneste the Fourth born Feb. 21. 1594. an excellent Prince and perfectly skill'd in Martial Affairs He died in Hungary Dec. 4. 1626. having given signal proofs of his Courage on all occasions 2. John William deceased an Insant 3. Frederick the Seventh born March 1. 1596. and Slain at the Battel fought in Brabant 'twixt Don Gonsalvo de Corduba the Austrian General and Christian Duke of Brunswick and his Ally the Count de Mansfeldt An. 1622. 4. John born 1597. deceased 1604. 5. William the Second born Ap. 2. 1598. of whom in the next 6. Anonymus the time of whose Nativity is uncertain 7. Albert the Third born July 27. 1599. whose Residence was at Eysenach after the decease of his Kinsman the Duke of that Place where himself also died on the 20th of Sept. 1644. leaving no Issue by his Wife Dorothy of Altemburg 8. John Frederick the Fourth born Sept. 19. 1600. deceased Oct. 17. 1628. 9. Ernestus the Third born Dec. 25. 1601. of whom more in the Eighth Section as Propagator of the Branch of Gotha 10. Frederick William the Fourth born Feb. 7. 1602. deceased Aug. 16. 1619. 11. Bernhard born Aug. 6. 1604. This Prince filled the whole Earth with his Fame and for Courage and Conduct was looked upon as one of the greatest Generals of the Age. By his sole Bravery the Victory was obtained in the Battel of Lutz after the King of Sweden fell The same Year viz. 1632. he possessed himself of Bamberg Cronach and Hochstadt Moreover he was created Duke of Franconia in the name of his Swedish Majesty Raised the Siege of Mentz took Brisac in 1638. and last of all departed this Life at Newburg July 8. 1639. His Body was kept at Brisac till 1655. when it was remov'd from thence by his Brethren and reposed in the Monument of his Ancestor with great Solemnity Of the Branch of Weimar § VII REturn we now to William the Second Author and Propagator of the Branch of Weimar a Prince no less acquainted with the Arts of War than Peace He took upon him the Government of this Principality upon the decease of his Elder Brother John Erneste and departed this Life on the 20th of May 1662. His Wife was Eleanor Dorothy Daughter of John George Prince of Anhalt who died in the Year 1664. having born him this following Issue 1. William born and dead the same Year viz. 1626. 2. John Erneste the Fifth born Sept. 11. 1627. of whom a little below 3. John William the Third born Aug. 16. 1630. deceased May 16. 1639. 4. Adolph William born May 15. 1632. who had Eysenach assigned him for his Appennage where he died without Issue Nov. 21. 1668. notwithstanding he had had Five Sons who all died Young by Mary Elizabeth Daughter of Augustus Duke of Brunswick 5. John George born July 11. 1634. at first he kept his Court at Marckful but after the death of his Brother John Adolph of Eysenach succeeding to that Principality remov'd it thither In 1661. he married the Lady Johannetta Daughter of Ernestus Count de Seyne by whom he had 1. Eleanor Erdmuth Lovise born Ap. 13. 1662. married to John Frederick Marquess of Brandenburg Ansbach Nov. 4 1681. now a Widow 2. Frederick August born Oct. 29. 1663. deceased at Presburg Sept. 31. 1684 of a Wound received at the Siege of Buda 3. John George born July 25. 1665. 4. Maximilian Henry Twins born Oct. 17. 1666. the first of which died July 22. 1668. the other is still living And 5. John William Twins born Oct. 17. 1666. the first of which died July 22. 1668. the other is still living 6. Lovise born Ap. 18. 1668. deceased 1669. 7. Frederica Elizabeth born May 5. 1669. 8. Ernestus Gustavus born and dead the same Year viz. 1672. 6. Wilhelmina Eleanor born June 7. 1636. deceased Ap. 1. 1653. 7. Bernhard the Second born Feb. 21. 1638. who kept his Court at Jena where he departed this Life May 3. 1678. leaving Issue by Mary de Tremouville 1. Charlotte Mary born 1669. and married in 1683. to William Erneste Duke of Saxon Weimar And 2. John William born March 28. 1675. 8. Frederick the Eighth born 1640. deceased 1656. 9. Dorothy Mary born 1641. married to Maurice Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg 1656. deceased July 11. 1675. Of these John Erneste succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Saxon-Weimar and kept his Court in the Castle of Wilbelmsburg so called from his Father William On the 14th of Aug. 1656. he took to Wife the Lady Christina Elizabeth Daughter of John Christian Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg who departed this Life June 7. 1679. as did himself on the 25th of May four Years after His Issue were 1. Anne Dorothy born Nov. 12. 1657. made Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg 1685. 2. VVilhelmina Christina born Nov. 26. 1658. and married to Christian VVilliam Count Schwartzburg 1684. 3. Eleanor Sophia born March 22. 1660. married July 9. 1684. to Philip Prince of Mersburg 4. VVilliam Erneste the present
Duke of Saxon VVeimar born Oct. 19. 1661. who in 1683. took to Wife his Cousin-Germain Charlotte Mary Daughter of Bernhard Duke of Sax-Jena And 5. John Ernestus born June 22. 1664. Of the Branch of Gotha § VIII ERneste the Third one of the Sons of John the Second was Propagator of this Branch A Prince to use the words of the Noble Im Hoff for his great Sincerity for his Zeal to Religion for his Political Prudence and Oeconomical Industry justly to be preferred before any that ever ruled One in whom the divine Promise was apparently verified viz. To those that make it their first care to seek the Kingdom of God and his Righteousness all other things shall be added He was at the Battle of Lutz In 1641. he obtain'd the Principality of Sax-Gotha And great part of the County of Henneberg in 1660. In 1672 Altemburg and Coburg fell to him by the Death of Frederick VVilliam the Third mentioned before in the fifth Section Numb 7. In short he rebuilt the Castle of Gotha formerly called Grimmenstein but by him Friedenstein Was Author of the VVeimar Bible and departed this World March 26. 1675. His Dutchess was Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of John Philip Duke of Sax Aldenherg deceased Dec. 25. 1680. which happy Match gave Birth to this following Issue 1. John Ernestus born and dead the same Year viz. 1638. 2. Elizabeth Dorothy born Jan. 8. 1640. and married in 1666. to Lewis of Hesse-Darmstadt whose Relict she now is 3. John Ernestus the Sixth born 1641. deceased 1657. 4. Christian born 1642. deceased the same Year 5. Sophia born 1643. deceased 1657. 6. Joan born 1645. deceased 1657. 7. Frederick the Ninth the present Duke of Sax-Gotha born July 15. 1646. who keeps his Court at Friedenstein-Castle and has had two Wives The one being Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Augustus Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Magdeburg deceased Jan. 20. 1681. whom he married on the 19th of August 1669. The other Christina Daughter of Frederick Marquess of Baden Albert Marquess of Brandenburg Anspach's Widow His Issue by the first were 1. Anne Sophia born Dec. 22. 1670. 2. Magdalen Sibil born 1671. deceased 1673. 3. Dorothy Mary born Jan. 22. 1674. 4. Frederica March 25. 1675. 5. Frederick July 28. 1676. 6. John William Oct. 4. 1677. 7. Elizabeth born 1679. deceased 1680. And 8. Joan born Oct. 1. 1680. 8. Albert born May 24. as others the 16th 1648. who had Coburg for his Inheritance and Mary Elizabeth Daughter of Augustus the Second Duke of Brunswick his Cousin-Germain Adolph of Eysenach's Relict to his Wife which Lady deceased in February 1687. having been brought to Bed on Sept. 1. 1677. of an only Son named Ernestus Augustus who lived bâ—t till the 17th of August in the following Year 9. Bernhard born Sept. 15. 1649. who has his Residence in Meinung Castle on the Werra in the County of Henneberg On Nov. 20. 1671. he took Mary Hedewig Daughter of George the Second Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt to his first Wife after whose decease which happened Ap. 19. 1680. he in 81. married Elizabeth Eleanor Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick John George Duke of Meckleburg's Widow which Lady is likewise since deceased An. 1687. His Issue now living by the first Venture are 1. Ernestus Lewis born Oct. 7. 1672. 2. Bernhard Oct. 28. 1673. 3. Frederick William Feb. 16. 1679. And 4. George Erneste March 26. 1680. As also an only Daughter born Dec. 3. 1081. and named Elizabeth Ernesta Augusta by the Second 10. Henry born Nov. 19. 1650. who Resides at Romhild in the County of Henneberg and 1676. espoused Mary Elizabeth of Hesse-Darmstadt but as far as we can learn has no Issue by her 11. Christian born Jan. 6. 1653. whose Seat is at Eisenberg not far from Jena On the 13th of Feb. 1677. he married Christiana Daughter of Christian Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Mersburg who died two Years after and he took Sophia Mary Daughter of Lewis Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt to his second Wife By the first Venture he has an only Daughter the Lady Christina born March 4. 1679. 12. Dorothy Mary born Feb. 12. 1654. deceased unmarried 1684. 13. Ernestus born July 12. 1655. who has his Seat at Eisfeld in the Confines of Thuringia and Franconia On the 10th of Feb. 1680. he espoused Sophia Frederica Daughter of George Frederick Prince Waldeck who was brought to Bed of a Son Aug. 21. 1681. whom they named Ernestus Frederick as also of a Daughter whose name is Sophia Charlotte in the Year following 14. John Philip born and dead the same Year viz. 1657. 15. John Ernestus born Aug. 22. 1658. who Resides at Salfeld with his Wife Sophia Hedewig Daughter of Christian Duke of Saxony-Mersburg whom he married Feb. 10. 1680. and has Issue by her Christina Sophia born July 14. 1681. and Christian Erneste born 1683. 16. Joan Elizabeth born and deceased the same Year viz. 1660. 17. John Philip born and deceased the same Year viz. 1662. And 18. Sophia Elizabeth born and deceased the same Year viz. 1663. Of the Albertine Line § IX MAtter 's thus far cleared we now return to the Albertine Line which began in Albert the First youngest Son of Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony as we observed above in the second Section He was born July 27. 1443. and by reason of his tall Stature surnamed Roland In 1468. he assisted George King of Bohemia against Matthias King of Hungary In 1471. he went into Bohemia to accept the Crown of that Kingdom then offered him where he was in great danger of his Life yet happily escaped and afterwards went in Pilgrimage to the Holy Land In 1491. he was Installed Knight of the Golden Fleece Moreover he reduced the Low-Countries to the Obedience of the Emperor Maximilian and obtained a grant of Succession to the Dutchies of Juliers and Mons in case those in Possession or their Heirs should fail in Issue Male. In 1459. he married Sidonia Daughter of George Podiebrach King of Bohemia which Lady departed this Life An. 1500. as did himself a little afterwards at the Siege of Groeningen on Sept. 12. in the same Year and 57th of his Age having had Issue Eight Children whereof Four died in their Infancy The rest were 1. Catharine born July 28. 1468. and married after the decease of Signismund of Austria her first Husband which happened in 1500. to Erick the Elder Duke of Brunswick she died 1524. 2. George Barbatus born Aug. 27. 1471. who succeeded his Father and had Issue by Barbara Daughter of Casimire King of Poland 1. John the First And both deceased before him 2. Frederick both deceased before him As also Two Daughters 1. Magdalen married to Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg An. 1524. deceased 1534. And 2. Christina who was born Dec. 15. 1505. married to Philip the Stout Landtgrave of Hesse and died 1549. As for their Father George he departed this World Ap. 17. 1539. 3. Henry
surnamed The Pious born Oct. 25. 1474. elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order 1498. deceased Dec. 20. 1510. § X. This Henry succeeded his Brother George and was the only Propagator of the Albertine Line He made Profession of the Reformed Religion and entred into the League of Smalcald His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Magnus the Second Duke of Meckleburg who bore him this following Issue viz. 1. Maurice born May 11. 1525. who succeeded his Father and served the Emperor in Hungary against the Turks as also in Flanders against the French Afterwards he carried on a bloody War against his Cousin John Frederick the Elector who being degraded of that Dignity he was invested with the same by the Emperor Charles the Fifth An. 1548. In 1551. he made an Alliance with the French King and several of the German Princes and then undertook an Expedition against the Imperialists The Year after he was concluded in the Transaction of Passaw yet Slain in 1553. at the Battel of Siverskuse in the Dutchy of Lunenburg 'T is likewise observable he founded Three famous Schools or Colleges one at Meisen on the Elbe another at Grimma on the Multaw and the third at Porta on the Saal His Wife was Agnes Daughter of Philip Landtgrave of Hesse by whom he had only a Daughter that surviv'd him named Anne married to Prince William of Orange An. 1561. deceased 1577. 2. Severinus born 1522. deceased at Inspruck Oct. 10. 1533. 3. Augustus born July 30. 1526. who was his Brother's Successor in the Electorate and renewed the Act of Confraternity with the Houses of Brandenburg and Hesse His Authority was always very great in the Empire insomuch as all things in a manner were managed by him Moreover he laid up a very great Treasure In 1580. he caused the form of Concord to be published and departed this Life at Six a Clock in the Evening on Feb. 11. 1586 his first Wife was the Princess Anne Daughter of Christian the Third King of Denmark who died Oct. 1 1585. And his second Agnes Hedewig Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt By the first Venture he had Fifteen Children Eleven whereof died Young The rest were 1. Elizabeth born 1552. married to John Casimire Count Palatine of the Rhine Fourth Son of the Elector Frederick the Third An. 1568. deceased 1590. 2. Christian the First of whom more in the next Section 3. Dorothy born 1563. married to Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick 1585. deceased 1587. 4. Anne born 1567. married to John Casimire Duke of Sax-Coburg 1585. deceased 1613. 4. Aemilia espoused by George Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1532. deceased 1591. 5. Sibil affianced in 1540 to Francis the First Duke of Sax-Lawenburg And 6. Sidonia married to Erick the Younger Duke of Brunswick 1545. deceased Jan. 4. 1575. § XI Return we now to Christian the First who succeeded his Father Augustus in the Electoral Dignity born Nov. 3. 1560. In 1582. he married Sophia Daughter of John George Elector of Brandenburg who departed this World 1622. as himself had done many Years before viz. 1591. His Children are said to have been as follow 1. Christian the Second born Sept. 23. 1583. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate under the Government and Tuition of his Cousin Duke Frederick William of Aldenburg He commanded his Chancellor Nicholas Crelley to be beheaded In 1610. he obtain'd of the Emperor Rudolph to be invested in the Dutchies o◠Juliers Cleves and Mons. The Year following he died of an Apoplexy caused by taking too large a draught of Small-Beer after over-heating himself with Tilting Nor left he any Issue tho' married to Hedewig Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark 2. John George the First born March 5. 1585. of whom a little lower 3. Anne Sabina born and dead the same Year viz. 1586. 4. Sophia born 1587. she was married to Francis Duke of Pomerania and died 1635. 5. Elizabeth born 1588. deceased July 4. 1589. 6. Augustus Administrator of Naumburg born Sept. 7. 1589. In 1612 he married Elizabeth Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick but died without Issue Dec. 26. 1615. And 7. Dorothy Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1591. deceased 1617. Wherefore John George the First in whose Issue the descent of this Line was continued succeeded in the Electorate at his Brother Christian's decease having first Travelled Incognito into many Foreign Parts In 1612. he took on him the Vicarship of the Empire during the Interregnum In 1617. he caused the first Jubilee to be Celebrated in memory of the Reformation began by Luther an hundred Years before Another in 1630. for the Augustane Confession And a third 1655. for the Peace of Religion or Transaction at Passaw causing several Medals to be Coined on those Occasions He was a most dutiful Son to his Mother for whom he had a more than ordinary Veneration He elected Matthias Ferdinand the Second Ferdinand the Third and Ferdinand the Fourth King of the Romans and refused the Offer of the Bohemian Crown About 1631. he leagued himself with the Swede against the Emperor with whom he again made Peace in 1635. leaving his Ally the Swede Who thereupon lay very hard on him till a general Peace was once more restored to the Empire An. 1648. This excellent Prince departed this Life in the Year 1656. and the 72d of his Age. His first Wife was Sibil Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg who died 1606. And his Second Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia and Marquess of Brandenburg whom he espoused in the Year 1607. and had Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. Anonymus born July 18. 1608. 2. Sophia Eleanor born Nov. 23. 1609. married to George the Second Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt 1627. deceased June 2. 1671. 3. Mary Elizabeth born Nov. 12. 1610. married to Frederick Duke of Sleswick 1630. deceased 1684. 4. Christian Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1612. 5. John George the Second born May 31. 1613. of whom more in the next Section 6. Augustus the Third Administrator of Magdeburg born Aug. 13. 1614. of whom in the 13th Section 7. Christian the Third Administrator of Mersburg born Oct. 27. 1615. of whom in the 14th Section 8. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 23. 1617. and remarried after the decease of Christian Prince Royal of Denmark Eldest Son of King Christian the Fourth her first Husband to Frederick William the Second Duke of Sax-Aldenburg she died Jan. 6. 1668. 9. Maurice Administrator of Naumburg born March 24. 1619. of whom below in the 15th Section 10. Henry born and dead the same Year viz. 1622. § XII Return we now to his Serene Highness John George the Second a Prince always Loyal to God and his Country the Empire After the decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third he was Vicar of the Empire and present at the Election of a new King of the Romans In 1671. he entred into Articles of a mutual Succession with Julius
to Wife Agnes Daughter of Barnim the Eighth Duke of Pomerania of whom Two Daughters surviv'd Magdalen born 145 and married to Eitelfrederick the Fourth of Hoben Zollern and Agnes to George the Younger of Anhalt 5. Elizabeth born 1402. she was married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1418. and died 1450. 6. Cecily married to William the Viciortous Duke of Brunswick 1423. deceased 1449. 7. Margaret married to Lewis the Crooked Duke of Bavaria An. 1438. deceased 1465 8. Magdalen affianced to Frederick the Pious Duke of Lunenburg An. 1430. deceased 1480. 9. Dorothy born Feb. 9. 1420. married to Henry the Gross Duke of Meckleburg deceased 1477. And 10. Sophia who died in her Infancy and is by some omitted § III. Thus came the Government into the hands of Albert the First who by reason of the many Battels he had been in was stiled the German Achilles He was of such Authority in the Empire as the Emperor would undertake nothing without him so that it became a common saying That Albert Governed the Empire by Frederick the Emperor He confirm'd the Act of mutual Succession with the Families of Saxony and Hesse and had a very sharp War with Lewis the Rich Elector of Bavaria as also afterwards with the City of Nuremberg He departed this Life An. 1486. during the Session of that Dyet wherein Maximilian the First was elected King of the Romans having some Ten Years before given up the Administration of Affairs to his Son John and seated himself in Franconia from whence as from an advanced Ground he might the better observe his Actions In 1446 he took to Wife Margaret Daughter of James Marquess of Baden who dying in 1457. He the next Year married Anne Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony who died 1512. By these Ladies he had a numerous Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Frederick deceased in their Infancy 2. Wolfgang deceased in their Infancy 3. Ursula born Sept. 24. 1450. married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg Feb. 10. 1467. deceased 1503. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 29. 1451. married to Eberhard the Second Duke of Wurtenburg June 3. 1465. deceased Ap. 15. 1524. 5. Margaret Lady Abbess of St. Clare in the City Hoff born Ap. 18. 1453. deceased 1509. 6. John the Second born Aug. 2. 1455. of whom in the next Section 7. Frederick the Fourth born May 2. 1460. of whom below as Author of the Franconian Line 8. Aemilia born Oct. 1. 1461. and married after the decease of her first Husband Lewis Elector Palatine who died 1478. to Gaspar Palatine of Deux-Ponts she died 1481. 9. Anne deceased an Infant 1462. 10. Barbara born May 30. 1464. married in the 9th Year of her Age July 30. 1473. to Henry the last Duke of Glogaw and Crossen deceased a Widow 1510. 11. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1464. 12. Sibil born May 31. 1467. married to William Duke of Juliers and Mons ' July 8. 1480. deceased 1510. as others 1511. 13. Sigismund the First born Sept. 28. 1468. he serv'd the Emperor Maximilian the First in his Wars and came to an untimely death Feb. 26. 1495. 14. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1470. 15. Dorothy Lady Abbess of St. Clare in Bamberg born 1471. deceased 1529. 16. George born 1473. deceased in his Infancy 17. Elizabeth born 1474. married to Herman Count Henneberg deceased Ap. 25. 1507. 18. Magdalen born 1476. deceased an Infant And 19. Anastasia born 1478. married to William Count Henneberg of the Line of Sleusing 1500. deceased July 4. 1534. Of the Line Electoral § IV. MAtter 's thus far cleared return we now to John surnam'd Cicero who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was very fortunate in reconciling Princes when at difference yet had Wars himself with John Duke of Sagan He departed this Life Jan. 9. 1499 having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of William Duke of Saxony and by her this following Issue 1. Wolfgang born and dead the same Year viz. 1480. 2. Joachim the First born Feb. 21. 1484 of whom more a little below 3. Elizabeth born and deceased 1486. 4. Anne born 1487. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein afterwards King of Denmark deceased 1521. 5. Ursela born 1488. given in Marriage to Henry the Fourth Duke of Meckleburg 1506. deceased 1511. And 6. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop and Elector of Mentz as also Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg born June 28. 1490. deceased 1545. Joachim the First succeeded his Father at the Age of Fifteen and was a Prince well read in several sorts of Learning He opened an University at Francfort upon the Oder Ap. 27. 1506. In 1509. the Hamburghers put themselves under his Protection In 1500. he caused Thirty Eight Jews and a Christian to be Executed The Christian for selling the Host The Jews for Sacrificing it His death bears date 1535. and his Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of John King of Denmark who suffered much for her Religion which was the Protestant and died a Widow 1555. His Issue by her were 1. Joachim the Second born Jan. 9. 1505. of whom in the next Section 2. Anne born 1507. married to Albert the Seventh Duke of Meckleburg 1524. deceased 1567. 3. Elizabeth born 1510. and married to Erick the Elder Duke of Brunswick and after his decease to Poppo Count de Henneberg She died 1558. 4. Margaret born 1511. and married to George Duke of Pomerania Jan. 8. 1530. after whose decease she was affianced to John the Fourth Prince of Anhalt An. 1533. And 5. John surnamed The Prudent born Aug. 3. 1513. who had the new Marck with the Dutchy of Crossen assigned him by his Father and was stiled the Eye and Counseller of the Empire He was very well skill'd in the Oeconomicks Always Loyal to the Emperor yet would not admit of the Interimistick Form in his Jurisdiction He built the Castle and Fortification of Custrin and at length ended his days An. 1571. leaving Issue by Catharine Daughter of Henry the Tenth Duke of Brunswick whom he Married An. 1537. only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Elizabeth who was married to her Kinsman George Frederick of the Line of Franconia and died 1578. And 2. Catharine given in Marriage to another Kinsman namely Joachim Frederick the Elector She died 1602. § V. We now return to Joachim the Second who succeeded his Father and performed many notable Services for the Emperor more especially in repelling the Forces of the Turks He made publick profession of the Reformed Religion and began to settle the same in his Provinces causing in order thereunto the Ecclesiastick Ordination written by George Bucholtzer to be published An. 1545. In 1542. he was declared General of the Imperial Army against the Turks Moreover he raised the Fortifications at Spandaw and obtain'd of the Emperor Ferdinand the First the absolute and independant Soveraignty of the Dutchy of Crossen And of Sigismund Augustus King of Poland a grant of Succession to the Dutchy of Prussia provided his Kinsmen
then in possession of it died without Heirs He departed this Life in the Castle of Kopen An. 1571. being Poysoned by a Jew His first Princess was Magdalen Daughter of George Duke of Saxony of the Albertine Line who dying in 1534. he the next Year married Hedewig Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland deceased 1573. By these Ladies he had Issue 1. John George born Sept. 11. 1525. of whom in the next Section 2. Barbara born 1527. given in Marriage to George Duke of Lignitz 1545. deceased 1595. 3. Elizabeth born 1528. deceased the Year following 4. Frederick the Fifth born Dec. 12. 1530. elected Bishop of Havelberg 1548. Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1551. and Bishop of Halberstadt 1552. yet after all died an untimely death in the same Year 5. Albert and Twins both which deceased in their Infancy 6. George Twins both which deceased in their Infancy 7. Paul born 1534. deceased immediately after 8. Elizabeth Magdalen the Wife of Francis Otho Duke of Lunenburg born 1537. deceased a Widow 1595. 9. Sigismund the Second born 1538. elected Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1554. and a little afterwards Bishop of Halberstadt also He died Sept. 13. 1566. 10. Hedewig born 1540. married to Julius Duke of Brunswick 1560. deceased Oct. 22. 1602. 11. Sophia born 1541. married to William de Rosenberg Burgrave of the Crown of Bohemia An. 1561. deceased 1564. § VI. 'T is now time to speak of John George the First who succeeded his Father in the Electoral Dignity and revenged his death by the Execution of the aforesaid Leopold the Jew and the Expulsion of his Nation out of the Marquisate An. 1572. He maintained a strict Friendship with Augustus Elector of Saxony thro' the whole course of his Life and renewed the Act of mutual Succession with that House and Hesse An. 1587. He procured the form of Concord to be drawn up and subscrib'd the same himself His death bears date 1598. and his first Wife was Sophia Daughter of Frederick the Second Duke of Lignitz who dying of her first Child a Year after her Marriage viz. 1546. he the next Year espoused Sabina Daughter of George the Confessor Marquess of Brandenburg But she likewise deceasing in 1575. he in 1577. took Elizabeth Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt to his third and last Wife which Lady departed this Life a Widow 1607. His Children were as follow 1. Joachim Frederick born Jan. 27. 1546. 2. George Albert born 1555. deceased 1557. Twins 3. John 4. Albert 5. Magdalen Sabina 6. Magdalen 7. Hedewig 8. Margaret And 9. Mary all died Infants 10. Erdmuth 1561. married 1577. to John Frederick Duke of Pomerania deceased 1628. 11. Anne Mary born 1567. espoused by Barnim Duke of Pomerania 1582. deceased Nov. 4. 1618. 12. Sophia born June 6. 1568. married to Christian the First Elector of Saxony 1582. deceased Dec. 7. 1622. 13. Christian the First born June 30. 1581. of whom see more in the Franconian Line 14. Magdalen born Jan. 7. 1582. married to Lewis Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt 1597. deceased May 4. 1616. 15. Joachim Ernestus born 1583. of whom likewise more in the Franconian Line 16. Agnes born 1584. married to Philip Julius Duke of Pomerania 1604. and after his decease to Francis Charles of Sax-Lawenburg An. 1628. and died the Year following 17. Frederick the Seventh born March 22. 1588. constituted Great Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in Sonnenburg An. 1610. deceased May 19. 1611. 18. Elizabeth Sophia born July 4. 1589. and married after the decease of Janowitz de Ratzeville in Lithuania her first Husband to Julius Henry Duke of Sax-Lawenburg She died 1629. 19. Dorethy Sibil born 1690. given in Marriage to John Christian of Lignitz 16 deceased 1625. 20. George Albert the First born 1591. who after his Brother Frederick's decease was made Grand Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenberg An. 1614. which Honour he enjoy'd not long for he died the Year following 21. Sigismund Governour of the Dutchy of Cleves born 1592. deceased without Issue 1640. 22. John the Fifth born 1597. deceased without Issue 1627. having highly approved his Courage on all Occasions And 23. John George the Second born after his Father's decease Aug. 4. 1598. who had the same Fate with his Brother John deceasing without Issue An. 1637. § VII We now return to Joachim Frederick who succeeded his Father John George He was elected Bishop of Havelberg in 1553. of Lebuss in 1555. and Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1566. In 1598. he took upon him the Electoral Dignity upon his Father's decease In 1606. he commanded a Jubilee to be Celebrated at Francfort in commemoration of the first opening the University there and Founded the great School or College called Jochimsthal the Year after In 1608. he died suddenly in his way to Kopne He had to his first Wife Catharine Daughter of John Marquess of Brandenburg Custrin and after her decease Eleanor Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia to his Second By both Ladies he had Ten Children whom we shall set down in the following Order viz. 1. John Sigismund born Nov. 8. 1572. of whom more in the next Section 2. Anne Catharine born 1575. married to Christian the Fourth King of Denmark 1597. deceased March 29. 1612. 3. John George the Third born Dec. 16. 1577. elected Bishop of Strasburg An. 1592. which Election was nevertheless the occasion of many Commotions In 1606. his Father gave him the Dutchy of Carnovia or Jaggerndorff Ten Years after he was elected Grand Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg In 1621. he was proscribed by the Emperor Ferdinand the Second for taking part with Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia and died two Years after in Hungary having had to Wife Eve Christina Daughter of Frederick the Sixth Duke of Wurtenburg and by her this following Issue 1. Catharine Sibil born 1611. deceased the Year following 2. George born 1613. deceased 1614. 3. Albert 1614. deceased 1620. 4. Catharine Sibil born and deceased 1615. And 5. Ernestus the Second born Jan. 18. 1617. who liv'd to be a Man and was made Governour of the Marck but died without Issue 1642. 4. Augustus born 1580. deceased 1601. 5. Albert Frederick born 1582. deceased 1600. 6. Joachim the Third Twins born 1583. And 7. Ernest the First Twins born 1583. Joachim died 1600. but Ernest liv'd to be made Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg An. 1611. where he died soon after 8. Barbara Sophia born Nov. 16. 1584. married to John Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg 1609. deceased 1636. 9. Christian William born 1587. made Administrator of the Arch-Bishoprick of Magdeburg 1608. proscribed by the Emperor 1628. and made Prisoner at the taking of Magdeburg May 10. 1631. afterwards he turned Catholick and died at Cinna 1665. In 1615. he espoused Dorothy Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick deceased 1649. After which he took Barbara Elizabeth Daughter of Jaroslaus de Martinitz Burgrave of Crossen in
Bohemia deceased 1656. to his Second Wife and then Maximiliana of Solms Maximilian Count Wallestein's Widow to his last and third By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Sophia Elizabeth born Jan. 2. 1616. married to Frederick William the Second Duke of Sax-Aldenburg 1638. deceased March 6. 1650. 10. Mary Eleanor born 1607. married to Lewis Philip Count Palatine of the Rhine in Simmeren An. 1630. deceased 1675. § VIII Of these John Sigismund succeeded his Father in the Dignity of Elector An. 1608. He had several Disputes which at length ended in a War for the Dutchies of Cleves and Mens He obtained Prussia of the Poles but with a great Incumbrance He made publick Profession of the Reformed Religion 1614. and departed this Life Dec. 13. 1619. His Princess was Anne Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. George William born Nov. 3. 1595. of whom see more a little below 2. Anne Sophia born March 17. 1598. married to Frederick Ulrick Duke of Brunswick 1614. deceased 1650. 3. Mary Eleanor born Nov. 11. 1599. affianced to Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden 1620. deceased 1655. 4. Catharine born 1602. and given in Marriage to Bethlem Gabor Prince of Transilvania An. 1626. and after his decease to Francis Charles Duke of Sax-Lawenburg 5. Joachim Sigismund Great Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg born 1607. deceased Feb. 23. 1625. 6. Agnes born 1606. deceased 1607. 7. John Frederick born 1607. deceased 1608. And 8. Albert born and deceased the same Year viz. 1609. George William succeeded his Father An. 1619. and in the beginning of the Triennial War took part with Gustavus Adolphus But afterwards made an Expedition against the Swedes An. 1639. partly for Pomerania and partly because they yet held many places in Prussia in which Country he died the Year following viz. 1640. His Wife was Elizabeth Charlotte Daughter of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine which Match gave Birth to this following Issue 1. Lovise Charlotte born Sept. 3. 1617. married to James Duke of Curland 1645. deceased Aug. 18. 1676. 2. Frederick William the Great born Feb. 6. 1620. of whom more in the next Section 3. Hedewig Sophia born at Six in the Evening July 4. 1623. married to Lewis the Sixth Landtgrave of Hesse 1649. deceased June 26. 1683. And 4. John born and dead the same Year viz. 1624. § IX We now return to Frederick William the Great who succeeded his Father in 1640. a Prince of as many Heroick Virtues as Humane Nature is capable of Who by reason of his great Authority in the Empire and vast Knowledge in Publick Affairs was look'd upon whilst he liv'd as common Father of the German Nation In him center'd all that might be said of any of his Ancestors In relation to Religion Devout to his Publick Actions Great to the many Battels he Fought Victorious to the extent of his Dominions August to his more peculiar Virtues Valiant Just Merciful By whom was he not esteemed the German Achilles By whom not regarded as the Pillar on which the safety of the whole Empire in a manner was sustain'd 'T is not for me to give a just Character of the greatest Hero of our Age Nor indeed were I able had I an hundred Tongues 'T is sufficient that his Heroick Actions are fresh in the Memory of all Men and that the Injury of time can never deface them This best of Princes departed this Life at Nine in the Morning on the 29th of April 1688. O. S. having Presided over his Provinces near Fifty Years We still kiss his Ashes and Consecrate his Sacred Memory to Eternity On the 7th of Dec. 1646. this Great Prince espoused the Princess Lovise Henrietta Daughter of Henry Frederick Prince of Orange his first Wife who dying June 6. 1667. he the Year following married his Second which was Dorothy Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein Glucksburg Christian Lewis Duke of Brunswick's Widow who departed this Life in the Caroline-Bath Aug. 6. 1689. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. William Henry born at Cleves May 11. 1648. deceased at Wesel Oct. 20. 1649. 2. Charles Emilius born at Nine in the Morning on Feb. 6. 1655. the hopes of his Parents and all the Brandenburg-Provinces which nevertheless were blasted by his untimely death at Strasburg Nov. 27. 1674. but reviv'd by the Birth of 3. Frederick the Third born at Nine in the Morning July 1. 1657. of whom in the next Section Twins born 1664. 4. Henry died the same Year And 5. Amalia Jan. 22. 1665. 6. Lewis born June 28. 1666. at Four in the Afternoon A Prince of the noblest Character and worthy so great a Father On Dec. 28. 1680. he took to Wife Lovise Charlotte de Ratzeville yet died this excellent Prince without Issue An. 1687. being much lamented by all good Men. Children of Frederick William the Great by his second Wife 1. Philip William born in May 1669. who gave signal proofs of his Courage in the Compagn against the French 1689. 2. Mary Amalia born Nov. 16. 1670. and married in 1687. to Charles Eldest Son and Heir Apparent of the present Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow and after his decease which happened March 15. 1688. to Maurice William Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg June 26. 1689. 3. Albert Frederick born Jan. 14. 1672. 4. Charles Philip Dec. 26. 1672. 5. Elizabeth Sophia March 26. 1674. 6. Dorothy 1675. deceased the Year following And 7. Charles Lewis at Four in the Afternoon on May 17. 1677. § X. 'T is now time that Frederick the Third appear the no less happy Son and Successor of a most Fortunate Father to whom we may justly apply this of the Poet. Egregia Insignisque nota est de Sanguine nasci Conspicuo priscas Majerum ostendere Ceras Fortibus eduntur Fortes Patriumque jubatis Robur Equis Bebus inest nec Dama Leonem Nec celeres Aquilae generant sine selle Columbam Eenic Meimbom in Vitâ Henrici Leonis For he doth not content himself with the only Glory of being descended from so great a Hero but has already made it sufficiently appear himself by the greatness of his Actions what the Christian World and True Church of God are still to expect from him May God protect this Mighty Prince May he cherish him in his Bosom and set him as a Bracelet on his Arm that he may eternally be blessed before him that he may live take root and flourish with all his Illustrious Family and there be never wanting One therein who may happily sway the Scepter of Brandenburg On the 23d of Aug. 1679. he married Elizabeth Henrica Daughter of William late Landt-grave of Fiesse after whose decease which happened on June 27. 1683. he most happily made choice of the Princess Sophia Charlotte Daughter of Ernestus Augustus the present Bishop of Osenburg and Duke of Brunswick for his Second Wife on Oct. 6. in the following Year By the first Venture he
June 25. 1632. and married to Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Stugart 1653. whose Widow she now is 6. Anthony Ulrick born Oct. 4. 1633. who now lives with his Brother Rudolph in joynt Authority of the Government setting a singular Example to the World of Brotherly Affection On the 17th of Aug. 1656. he took to Wife Elizabeth Julian Daughter of Frederick Duke of Holstein-Nordburg by whom he has had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Frederick Augustus born 1657. and Slain at the Taking of Philipsburg 1676. 2. Elizabeth Eleanor born 1658. married to John George Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin 1675. and after his Death in the same Year to Bernhard Duke of Sax-Meinungen of the Branch of Gotha 3. Anne Sophia born Oct. 28. 1659. and affianced in 1677. to Charles Gustavus Marquess of Baden-Durlach 4. Leopold Augustus born 1661. deceased the Year following 5. Augustus William Prince Hereditary of Brunswick born March 8. 1662. who on the 24th of June 1681. took to Wife Christina Sophia his Uncle Rudolph's Daughter but as yet has no Issue by her 6. Augustus Henry born Aug. 14. 1663. deceased Feb. 24. 1664. 7. Augustus Charles born and dead the same Year viz. 1664. 8. Augustus Francis born 1665. deceased the Year following 9. Augusta Dorothy born Dec. 16. 1666. and married to Anthony Gunther Count Swartzburg 1684. 10. Amalia Antonia born and deceased 1668. 11. Henrietta Christina born Sept. 19. 1669. 12. Lewis Rudolph born July 22. 1671. and solemnly Installed Knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem at Sonnenberg in December 1689. And 13. Sibil Ursula born 1672. deceased 1673. 7. Ferdinand Albert Eldest Son by the third Venture born May 22. 1636. who lived in Bevern-Castle where he also died An. 1687. having had to Wife the Lady Christina Daughter of Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse in Eschwegen and by her Issue as followeth viz. 1. Leopold Charles born and dead the same Year viz. 1670. 2. Frederick Albert born 1672. deceased 1673. 3. Sophia Eleanor born 1674. 4. Claudia Eleanora born 1675. deceased the Year following 5. Augustus Ferdinand born 1677. 6. Ferdinand Albert born 1680. 7. Ferdinand Christian And Twins born Mar. 4. 1682. 8. Ernestus Ferdinand Twins born Mar. 4. 1682. 8. Mary Elizabeth born Jan. 6. 1638. married to Adolph William Duke of Saxon-Eysenach 1663. and after his Decease to Albert Duke of Sax Coburg 9. Christian Francis born and dead the same Year viz. 1639. Of the Line of Zell and Hanouer § XIV MAtter 's thus far cleared 't is now time that William the Seventh Son of Erneste the Seventh appear This Prince succeeded his Father in the Principality of Lunenburg and died Aug. 20. 1592. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Christian the Third King of Denmark and by her a noble Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Sophia born Oct. 3. 1563. married to George Frederick Marquess of Brandenburg 1579. deceased Jan. 14. 1639. 2. Ernestus the Eighth born Nov. 19. 1564. who succeeded his Father but died a Batchellor An. 1611. 3. Elizabeth born Nov. 19. 1565. married to Frederick Count Hohenloe 1585. deceased 1621. 4. Christian the First Bishop of Minden born Nov. 19. 1566. deceased without Issue Nov. 8. 1633. 5. Augustus the First Administrator of the Bishoprick of Ratzeburg born Nov. 19. 1568. who succeeded his Brother in the Principality of Lunenburg and died Oct. 10. 1636. leaving Issue by Ilsa Smidichin Daughter of the Governour of Ebsdorf a natural Son named Erneste de Lunenburg whose Posterity flourisheth to this day 6. Dorothy born Jan. 1. 1570. married to Charles Count Palatine of the Rhine in Birckenfeld 1586. deceased Aug. 15. 1649. 7. Clara born June 16. 1571. married to William Count Swartzburg 1593. deceased 1658. 8. Anne Ursula born 1572. deceased Feb. 3. 1601. 9. Margaret born Ap. 5. 1573. married to John Casimire Duke of Saxony 1599. deceased Aug. 7. 1643. 10. Frederick the Seventh President of the Chapter of Bremen born Aug. 24. 1574. who succeeded his Brother Augustus and died without Issue Dec. 10. 1648. 11. Mary born Oct. 21. 1575. deceased Oct. 21. 1610. 12. Magnus the Third born 1577. deceased 1632. 13. George the Second born Feb. 17. 1582. of whom more in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line 14. John the Eighth Canon of Minden born June 23. 1583. deceased Nov. 21. 1628. And 15. Sibil born June 3. 1584. married to her Cousin-Germain Julius Ernestus of Danneberg 1617. deceased 1652. § XV. Now of these Seven Sons George alone was married for so it had been agreed amongst 'em that only One should Marry the other Six continue Batchellors and that they should cast Lots who the married Man should be The Lot fell to George who thereupon took to Wife the Lady Anne Eleanor Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt He was a Prince for true Piety Courage Wisdom and Sincerity worthy the Admiration of all Posterity In the Year 1633. he subdued the whole Bishoprick of Hildisheim together with the City of the same Name In 1636. he became possessed of the Principality of Calenberg and departed this Life Ap. 11. 1641. leaving Issue by the Lady Anne Eleanor aforesaid as followeth viz. 1. Christian Lewis born Feb. 25. 1622. who at first had his Residence at Hanouer but upon his Uncle Frederick's Decease succeeded to the Principalities of Lunenburg and Grubenhagen as also to the Counties of Hoye and Diepholt This excellent Prince died without Issue March 15. 1665. leaving the Lady Dorothy Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein Glucksburg a disconsolate Widow 2. George William born Feb. 16. 1624. a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the Heroes of the Age who at first succeeded his Brother Lewis in the Principality of Calenberg only but upon his Decease without Issue in that of Lunenburg also as also in the Counties of Diepholt and Hoye yet not without several hot Disputes with his younger Brother John Frederick on that occasion He has taken to Wife the Lady Eleanor Desmiers a French Lady Daughter of Alexander Baron of Olbreuze in France by whom he has only a Daughter now living whose Name is Sophia Dorothy born Sept. 15. 1666. and married to George Lewis her Uncle Ernest Augustus's Eldest Son Nov. 21. 1682. 3. John Frederick born Ap. 25. 1625. who by an Agreement with his Brother George William had the Principality of Calenberg made over to him and in 1668. married the Lady Benedicta Henrietta Philippina Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Never's Daughter He was given to Popery and died at Ausburg in his way to Rome Dec. 28. 1679. having had Issue only Daughters viz. 1. Anne Sophia born 1670. deceased 1671. 2. Charlotte Felicitas born March 8. 1671. 3. Henrietta Maria Josepha born March 9. 1672. deceased in France 1687. And 4. Wilhelmina Amalia born Ap. 26. 1673. 4. Sophia Amalia born March 24. 1628. married to Frederick the Third King of Denmark 1643. deceased Feb. 20. 1685. 5. Ernestus Augustus
leaving Issue by Adelheid Countess of Ravensberg as follow viz. 1. Anne married to Albert Count Palatine of Saxony 2. Henry the Third surnamed Ferreus or Ironside who had only one Son that out-liv'd him named Otho and said to have died by Poison An. 1366. 3. Lewis of whom in the next Section 4. Herman who had Homburg assigned him and liv'd a Batchellor And 5. Otho Arch Bishop of Magdeburg deceased 1361. § II. Lewis after his Brother Henry's decease came to be Landtgrave and took to Wife the Lady Elizabeth of Sponheim who bore him 1. Herman the Learned deceased May 24. 1413. or as others 1414. having begot Lewis the Peace-maker who married Anne Daughter of Frederick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Elector of Saxony and departed this Life Jan. 17. 1457 8. leaving Issue 1. Lewis the Fourth born Sept. 7. 1438. of whom soon again 2. Henry the Fifth who begot William the Third surnamed The Younger who died without Issue 1522. 3. Frederick the First deceased a Youth 1464. And 4. Herman the Third Arch Bishop of Cologne deceased Nov. 28. 1508. Lewis the Fourth who succeeded his Father in the Government departed this Life Nov. 6. 1471. his Male Issue that out-liv'd him being 1. William the First who having had a sort of Love-Potion given him in Italy became ever after weak in his Understanding and unfit for the Government He died without Male Issue An. Dom. 1515. And 2. William the Second or The Midling who by reason of his Brother's incapacity took upon him the Government and died June 11. 1509. His Son and Successor was Philip the First surnamed The Magnanimous a Prince worthy the noblest Character He was born An. 1504. and at fourteen Years old or thereabout entred on the Government being declared of Age by the Emperor Maximilian the First In 1527. he brought the Reformed Religion into Hesse and Founded an University at Marpurg about some four Years after He took part with John Frederick Elector of Saxony against the Emperor Charles the Fifth Whereupon he was Proscribed and notwithstanding he was again reconciled to the Emperor by the Intercession of Duke Maurice the new Elector of Saxony yet was he after that clapt up in Prison contrary to the Emperor's Promise and kept there Five Years He departed this Life May 31. 1567. having had to Wife the Lady Christina Daughter of George Barbatus Duke of Saxony of the Albertine Line and by her a numerous Off-spring whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Anne born Oct. 26. 1526. married to Wolfgang Prince Palatine of Deux Ponts An. 1544. deceased July 16. 1591. 2. Agnes born May 31. 1529. and married after the decease of Maurice Elector of Saxony her first Husband to John Frederick the Second Dake of Saxony of the Albertine Line she died 1555. 3. William the Fourth born June 24. 1532 3 of whom in the next Section as Author of the Line of Cassel 4. Philip Lewis deceased an Infant 1534. 5. Barbara born Ap. 8. 1536. married in 1555. to George Count of Wurtenburg Mompelgart and after his decease to Daniel Count Waldeck She died 1568. 6. Lewis the Fifth born May 27. 1537. whose Residence was at Marpurg where he died without Issue An. Dom. 1604. 7. Elizabeth born Feb. 13. 1539. married to Lewis the Sixth Elector Palatine 1560. deceased March 14. 1582. 8. Philip the Second born Ap. 22. 1541. who kept his Court at Rheinfeld where he died without Issue Nov. 20. 1583. 9. Christina born June 29. 1543. affianced to Adolph Duke of Holstein-Getterp Dec. 17. 1564. deceased 1604. And 10. George the First born Sept. 10. 1547. of whom beneath in the Line of Darmstadt Of the Line of Cassel § III. WE now return to William the Fourth in whom the Line of Cassel began He was very well skilled in the Tongues and a great admirer of Astronomy He left no Stone unturned for his Father's Releasement whose Successor he afterwards was His Death bears Date Aug. 25. 1592. His Wife was Sabina Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wurtenberg Deceased August 17. 1581. And his Children that lived to be Men and Women were as follow viz. 1. Anne Mary born January 27. 1566. married to Lewis Count Nassau in Saarbrucken 1589. deceased 1626. 2. Hedewig born June 30. 1569. and married to Ernest Duke of Holstein of Schaumburg Family An. 1596. 3. Maurice the first born May 25. 1572. Of whom immediately And 4. Christina born Oct. 29. 1578. Affianced to John Ernest Duke of Sax-Eysnach 1598. deceased June 19. 1658. Maurice succeeded his Father and was a Prince of excellent Parts well acquainted with the Greek Latin Spanish Italian and French Tongues Wholly addicted to the Reformed Religion He had a Dispute with the Line of Darmstadt concerning the Succession to their Uncle Lewis of Marpurg's Inheritance In short he was of great Authority in the Empire and departed this life March 15. 1632. having given up the Government some five Years before to his Son William the Fifth His first Princess was Agnes of Solms deceased 1593. His other Juliana of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg by which last Lady he had eighteen Children whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Otho the fourth born Decem. 25. 1594. Constituted Administrator of Hirsfeld An 1605. In 1612 he was present at the Emperor Matthias's Coronation and three Years after sent in his Father's Name to Complement the French King Lewis the thirteenth In 1617. he came to a violent and untimely end by being casually Shot Dead by a Musket Aug. 7 Nor left he any Is2ue by either of his Wives the first being Catharine Vrsula Daughter of George Frederick Marquiss of Baden-Durlach deceased Decem. 21. 1616. The other Agnes Magdalen Daughter of John George the first Prince of Anhault who died 1626. 2. Elizabeth born March 24. 1596. married to John Albert Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow Anno 1618. deceased Decem. 16. 1625. 3. Maurice the second born 1600. deceased Aug. 11. 1612. 4. William the fifth born Feb. 14. 1602. of whom more in the next Section as Propagator of this Line 5. Philip the third born Nov. 26. 1604. who serv'd in the Danish Forces and fell at the Battle of Lutter in Barenburg Aug. 27. 1626. 6. Agnes born March 13. 1606. married to John Casimire Prince of Anhault-Dissaw Anno 1623. deceased May 28. 1650. 7. Herman the fourth born Aug. 15. 1607. who kept his Residence at Rottenburg on the Fuld where he died without Issue Anno 1658. 8. Juliana born Oct. 7. 1608. deceased Dec. 15. 1628. 9. Sabina born 1610. deceased 1620. 10. Magdalen born Aug. 25. 1611. and married to Erick Adolph Count Solms 1646. 11. Maurice the third born 1614. deceased 1633. 12. Sophia 1615. and affianced to Philip Count de Lippe Oct. 18. 1644. 13. Frederick the second born May 9. 1617. who had his Seat at Eschwegen Castle on the River Werra but serv'd the King of Sweden against the Poles by whom he was slain at Coslin a City in
Pomerania Sept. 24. 1655. His Wife was Eleanor Catharine Daughter of John Casimire Prince Palatine of Deux-Ponts whom he married An. 1646. which Match gave birth to three Daughters now living whose Names are 1. Christina born Oct. 30. 1649. married to Ferdinand Albert Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg of the Line of Wolfembuttel 1667. whose Relict she now is 2. Juliana born 1652. and espoused by the Free Baron of Zilienburg And 3 Charlotte born Oct. 30. 1653. married to Augustus Duke of Sax-Quernfurt 1673 and after his decease which happened the Year following to John Adolph Count Tecklenburg 14. Christian born 1622. deceased Dec. 14. 1641. 15. Ernest born Dec. 9. 1523. whose Residence was in Rheinfeld Castle In 1652 he turn'd Catholick and died Feb. 19. 1682 leaving Issue by the Lady Mary Eleanor o◠Solms two Sons viz. 1. William born 1648. and married in 1669. to the Lady Mary Anne of Wertheim by whom he has had Issue only a Daughter named Mary Eleanor and deceased almost as soon as born And 2. Charles the second born 1650. In 1667. he married Sophia Magdalen of Solms who dying at Venice in 75. he the same Year took to Wife Alexandrina Juliana of Leiningen by the first Venture he has Issue now living 1 William Canon of Cologne born 1671. Frederick born 1673. who likewise enjoys the same Dignity And Philip born 1674. 16. Christina born July 9. 1625. deceased July 25. 1626. 17. Philip born 1627. deceased July 8. 1629. And 18. Elizabeth born 1628. deceased Feb. 11. 1636. § IV. William mentioned by us in the foregoing Section Number 5. succeeded his Father a the Government and in 1628. came to an Agreement with the Line of Darmstadt about the succession to their Uncle Lewis's Possession and other matters hitherto controverted He took part with the King of Sweden and departed this life Sept. 21. 1637. His Princess was Amalia Elizabeth of Hanaw married to him Nov. 21. 1619. who bore him twelve Children whereof only four liv'd to be of Age and died herself Aug. 8. 1651. having bred up her Children excellently well and managed the Government during her Son's minority with wonderful Prudence and Success The Names of the Surviving Issue were 1. Aemilia born Feb. 12. 1626. married to Henry Charles de Tremoville Prince of Taranto 1648. deceased 1686. 2. Charlotte born Nov. 20. 1627. married to Charles Lewis Elector Palatine 1650. deceased a Widow March 16. 1686. 3. William the Sixth born May 29. 1629. of whom soon again 4. Elizabeth Lady Abbess of Herverden born June 23. 1634. William the Sixth succeeded his Father and in 1649. took to Wife the Lady Hedewig Sophia Daughter of George William Elector of Brandenburg He twice Defeated the Imperialists and died July 15. 1663. having had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Charlotte Amalia born Ap. 27. 1650. and married in 1668. to the present King of Denmark 2. William the Seventh born June 21. 1651. deceased in his way to Paris Nov. 21. 1670. 3. Lovise born 1652. deceased the Year following 4. Charles the present Landtgrave of Hesse Cassel born Aug. 3. 1654. who on May 21. 1673. took to Wife the Lady Mary Amalia Daughter of James Duke of Curland who has born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. William born March 29. 1674. deceased 16 2. Charles born 1675. deceased Dec. 7. 1677. 3. Frederick the present Prince Hereditary born Ap. 28. 1676. 4. Christian born 1677. and since dead 5. Sophia Charlotte born July 16. 1678. 6. Charles June 12. 1680. 7. William born 1682. since deceased And 8. Leopold born Dec. 30. 1684. 5. Philip the fifth born Dec. 14. 1655. who Resides at Hirschfeld and in 1680. married the Lady Amalia Catharine of Solms by whom he has Issue 1. Wilhelmina Hedewig born Oct. 9. 1681. And 2. Charles Sept. 23. 1682. 6. George the fourth born March 20. 1657. deceased 1674. And 7. Elizabeth Henrietta born 1661. married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Aug. 23 167 deceased June 27. 1683. Of the Line of Darmstadt § V. AMongst the Sons of Philip the Magnanimous above named there was mention made of George the First as Author of the Line of Darmstadt Section 2. Number 10. This prince founded Thirteen Country Schools and died Feb. 7. 1596. having had the Lady Magdalen of Lappe deceased 1587. to his first Wife and Eleanor Daughter of Christopher of Wurtenburg Joachim Ernestus Prince of Anhault's Widow who died 1618. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. Philip Lewis born and dead the same Year viz. 1576. 2. Lewis the Sixth born Sep. 24. 1577. of whom in the next Section 3. Christina born Nov. 28. 1578. affianced to Frederick Magnus Count d'Erpach deceased 1596. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 26. 1579. given in marriage to John Casimire Count Palatine in Saarbrucken deceased 1625. 5. Mary Hedewig born 1580. deceased 1581. 6. Philip the Fourth who had his Seat at Butzbach and miserably perished in a Bath Ap. 28. 1643. leaving no Issue 7. Anne born March 3. 1583. married to Ernest Count Solms deceased 1601. 8. Frederick the Third born May the 5th of whom more beneath in the Branch of Homburg 9. Magdalen born 1586. all short liv'd 10. Joan 1587. And all short liv'd 11. Henry 1590. all short liv'd § VI. We now return to Lewis the Sixth who Founded the University at Giessen Oct. 10. 1605. In 1622. he was taken Prisoner by Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine but soon after set at liberty by him He first caused the Right of Primogeniture to obtain in his Line and died July 27. 1626. His Wife was Magdalen of John George Elector of Brandenburg who died 1616. having born him Twelve Children whose Names were as follow 1. Elizabeth Magdalen born Apr. 25. 1600. married to Lewis Frederick of Wurtenburg July 13. 1617. deceased 1624. 2. Anne Eleanor born July 30. 1601. married to George Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg of the Line of Hanouer Dec. 14. 1617. deceased 1640. 3. Mary born 1602. deceased 1610. 4. Sophia Agnes born Jan. 12. 1604. and married to John Frederick Count Palatine of the Line of Newburg Nov. 7. 1614. 5. George the Second born March 17. 1605. of whom in the next Section 6. Juliana born Apr. 14. 1606. married to Ulrick Earl of East-Friesland March 5. 1631. deceased Jan. 15. 1659. 7. Amalia born 1607 deceased Sept. 11. 1627. 8. John the Second born June 17. 1609. a Prince of great Courage and Prudence in the Government of his Family He had his Seat at Braubach where he died Issueless Apr. 1. 1641. 9. Henry the Seventh born Apr. 1. 1612. Consul for the German Nation at Siena where he died An. 16 10. Hedewig born 1613. deceased 1616. 11. Lewis born and dead the same Year viz. 1614. 12. Frederick the Fifth born Feb. 28. 1616. who turning Catholick was Constituted Grand Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem throughout all Germany An. 1651. promoted to be Cardinal and Protector of the German
Nation at the Court of Rome 1652. Elected and Consecrated Bishop of Breslaw 1673. deceased 1682. § VII George the Second who had been a great Traveller succeeded his Father and came to an Agreement with the Landtgrave of Cassel concerning several matters hitherto in Dispute betwixt the two Lines of Cassel and Darmstadt on May 27. 1628. He departed this Life June 2. 1671. having had to Wife the Lady Sophia Eleanor Daughter of John George the First Elector of Saxony deceased the same day with her Husband Which happy Marriage gave Birth to the following Issue viz. 1. Lewis the Seventh born Jan. 25. 1630. of whom soon again 2. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 3. 1631. deceased 1651. 3. George the Third born Sept. 29. 1632. who serv'd the King of Sweden in his Wars After which he had the Seigniory of Ittern assigned him and had his usual Residence in Lauterbach Castle His death bears date July 19. 1676. And his first Wife was Dorothy Augusta Daughter of John Christian Duke of Holstein-Sunderburg after whose decease An. 1667. he married the Lady Alexandrina Juliana of Leiningen and had Issue by her Three Daughters viz. Sophia Juliana deceased in her Infancy Eleanor Dorothy born Aug. 15. 1669. and Magdalen Sibil born Oct. 14. 1671. 4. Sephia Eleanor born Jan. 4. 1634. married to her Cousin William Christopher of Bingenheim of the Branch of Homburg 1650. deceased Oct. 10. 1663. 5. Elizabeth Amalia born the 19th or 20th of March 1635. and happily married to Philip William Elector Palatine Aug. 24. 1653. 6. Lovise Christina born Feb. 5. 1636. and espoused in 1665. by Lewis Christopher Count Stolberg 7. Anne Mary born and dead the same Year viz. 1637. 8. Anne Sophia Lady Abbess of Quedlingburg born Dec. 17. 1638. deceased 1683. 9. Amalia Juliana born and deceased 1639. 10. Anonyma deceased 1640. 11. Henrietta Dorothy born Oct. 14. 1641. married to John Count Waldeck 1667. deceased Dec. 22. 1672. 12. John born Nov. 24. 1642. deceased the Year following 13. Augusta Philippina born 1643. deceased 1672. 14. Agnes deceased almost as soon as born 1645. And 15. Mary Hedewig born Nov. 26. 1647. married to Bernhard Duke of Sax Meinungen Nov. 20. 1671. deceased Apr. 19. 1680. § VIII We must now return to Lewis the Seventh his Father's Successor born 1630. deceased Apr. 24. 1678. whos 's first Wife was the Lady Mary Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick Duke of Holstein-Gottorp deceased An. Dom. 1665. And after her death Elizabeth Dorothy Daughter of Ernestus Duke of Sax-Getha which last is now living and a Widows His Issue by these were and are as follow 1. Magdalen Sibil born Apr. 28. 1652. and married to William Lewis of Wurtenburg Nov. 6. 1673. whose Relict she now is 2. Sophia Eleanor born and dead the same Year 1653. 3. George born 1654. deceased the Year after 4. Mary Elizabeth born March 11. 1656. and married to Henry Duke of Sax Romhild of the Branch of Gotha An. Dom. 1676. 5. Augusta Magdalen born 1657. deceased 1674. 6. Lewis the Eighth born June 22. 1658. deceased Aug. 31. 1678. 7. Frederick the Sixth 1659. deceased 1676. 8. Sophia Mary born March 6. 1661. married to Christian Duke of Sax-Eisenberg of the Branch of Gotha An. 1681. deceased 1688. 9. Ernestus Louis born Dec. 15. 1667. the now Prince Regent of this Line Who has taken to Wife the Lady Charlotte Daughter of Albert Marquess of Brandenburg Anspach An. 1687. 10. George born Apr. 25. 1669. 11. Sophia Lovise July 6. 1670. 12. Philip July 20 or 21. 1671. 13. John born 1672. deceased the Year following 14. Henry born Sept. 29. 1674. 15. Elizabeth Dorothy Apr. 2. 1676. And 16. Frederick Sept. 18. 1677. Of the Branch of Homburg § IX IT remains we now treat of the Branch of Homburg which began in Frederick the Third mentioned by us in the Fifth Section Numb 8. This Prince departed this Life May 9. 1638. having had to Wife Mary Elizabeth of Leiningen and by her Issue as followeth viz. 1. Lewis Philip born Aug. 20. 1623. deceased March 16. 1643. 2. George born 1624. deceased the Year after 3. William Christopher born Nov. 13. 1625. who had his Seat at Bingenheim and took to Wife the Lady Sophia Eleanor Daughter of George the Second of Darmstadt on Aug. 21. 1650. After whose decease An. 1663. he married Anne Elizabeth Daughter of Augustus Duke of Sax-Lawenburg in the Year 1665. From whom he was nevertheless afterwards Divorced and died Aug. 27. 1681. leaving Issue by the first Venture 1. Christina Wilhelmina the now Relict of Frederick Duke of Meckleburg born Jan. 3. 1653. And 2. Magdalen Sophia born Ap. 24. 1660 the Wife of William Maurice Count Solms to whom she was married 1679. 4. George Christian born Dec. 10. 1626. who went over to the Church of Rome In 1666. he married the Lady Anne Catharine Daughter of Pogwisch of the House of Farbe Frederick Count Ablefeld's Widow yet died without Issue Aug. 11. 1677. 5. Anne Margaret born Aug. 31. 1629. and married to Philip Lewis Duke of Holstem of the Line of Sunderburg An. 1650. 6. Frederick the Fourth born May 30. 1633. who being bred to Arms took pay at first under the Swedes in whose Service he lost a Leg at the Siege of Copenhagen but afterwards under his Highness the Elector of Brandenburg who in regard of his Merit made him a Lieutenant-General His usual Residence was at Weferlingen Castle in the old Marquisate but upon his Brethren's Decease he succeeded to their Estates and so removed it to Bingenheim His first Wife was the Lady Margaret Brahe Daughter of Count John Oxenstern Lord High Mareschal to his Swedish Majesty who died 1669. Whereupon he made choice of the Lady Lovise Elizabeth Daughter of James Duke of Curland for his Second An. 1671. By the latter he has Issue 1. Frederick born 1673. 2. Charles Christian 1674. And 3. Philip 1676. Of the Augmentation of This Family § X. WE have already said how Sophia descended of the most Ancient Hessen Thuringian Family acquired the Landtgraviate of Hesse for her Son Henry of Brabant This Henry annexed the City of Immenhausen thereunto An. 1280. as also the Castle of Gudensberg the Year following In 1290. there was an Accession of Eschwegen of Stauffenberg 1293. and of Treffurt on the River Werra An. 1329. Henry Ferreus or Ironside bought the Castle of Konigs An. 1350. for two thousand Florins Three Years after this the Seigniory of Ittern was adjoyned to this Family The same Henry bought the City of Smalcald An. 1360. In 1386. upon the Decease of Gerlaâ—bius the last Earl of Dietzen the greatest part of that County was claimed by this Family In 1453. upon the death of the last Count of Zeigenheim that County also and Nidda fell â—o it In 1464. Henry the Fifth had the County of Battenberg settled on him by the Arch-Bishop of Mentz In 1478. there was an Accession of Butzbach by Right of Marriage The said Henry bought
Fridenwalde-Castle An. 1480. In 1492. William added the Lordship of Epstein to his other Possessions In 1557. â—his Family after several Disputes about the matter became possessed of the whole County of Catzen Elnbogen In 1504. the Seigniâ—ory of Bickenbach fell to it the Ancient Barons thereof becoming at that time extinct In 1571. the Lordship of Plesse was annex'd to it and part of the County of Hoye as was also the Barony of Franckenstein some Two Years after In 1600. Lewis of Darmstadt bought Kelsterbach on the River Last of all by the Peace of Osenburg An. 1648. the Jurisdiction of Hirschfeld-Abby but with the Title of a Principality was yielded up to the Landtgrave as was also good part of the County of Schaumburg Of its Decrease and Pretensions § XI THe Encroachments suffered by thâ— Family and Pretensions which may thence arise are so very inconsiderable that they are scarce worth taking notice of unless we shall here alledge the great Ravages and Devastations made in the Principality 〈◊〉 Darmstadt by the French And it has been already observed how this Family has entre into Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession with the Family of Saxony and Brandenburg CHAP. XII Of the Family of Meckleburg § I. THat this Family is descended from the Ancient Kings of the Herah and Obâ—trâ—ti is the Opinion of almost all Writers yet are they often wanting in the Line of Succession This is certain That Prâ—â—â—lans the Second was reduced to such Extremities by Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony that he was forc'd with all Submission to demand a Peace of him which indeed he did obtain together with a considerable Tract of Land betwixt the Elbe and Baltick Shore but â—et to content himself for the future with the Stile of Duke In which Stile he made publick Profession of the Christian Faith and was Baptized at Lunenburg by the Abbot of St. Michael with great Solemnity He was alterwards Slain by a Tragical accident in a Tournament at Lunenburg An. 1215. His first Wise was Maud Daughter of Bolestans Crispns Duke of Poland and his second Voisboda Daughter of Burewin King of Norway by which last he had Issue 1. Henry Burewin deceased 1218. having had to Wife the Lady Maud Daughter of Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony and by her Two Sons namely 1. Nicholâ—t miserably buried in the Ruins of an old House And 2. Henry Founder of the Cathedral at Gustrow deceased 1228. whose Dutchess was the Princess Sophia Daughter of Charles the First King of Sweden by whom he had Four Sons whose Names were as follow viz. 1. John the Divine of whom in the next Section 2. Pribislaus the Third Lord in Parchim the only Person of all his Family who continued a Pagan He begat Pribislaus the Fourth who died Childless 3. Burewin the Third whose Patrimony was the City Rostock where he Founded the Monastry of St. John and had Issue by Margaret of Denmark Three Sons 1. Henry both which died without Issue And 2. Erick both which died without Issue And 3. Woldemar deceased 1287. leaving one Son Nicholot the Sixth surnamed the Boy of Rostock who likewise had no Issue 4. Nicholot the Fifth deceased 1277. leaving Issue besides Bernhard and Henry the Fourth a Third Son named John the Second who died 1316 and was Father of Nicholot the Seventh which Nicholot was succeeded in the District of Rostock by his Son John the Third who by Maud Daughter of Barnim the Second Duke of Pomerania had Issue 1. John the Fourth And 2. Nicholot the Eighth who had no Male Issue but John begot 1. Nicholot the Ninth And 2. Bernhard Nicholot the Ninth was Father of Laurence who departed this Life 1393. leaving Issue by Maud Daughter of Nicholot the Eighth a Son named Balthasar deceased 1400. or as others 1401. As for Benhard he begat John the Fifth who was Father of Three Sons namely 1. Christopher deceased without Issue 2. Nicholot the Tenth a Prince highly esteemed for his Piety and Prudence in the Government of his Family who died An. 1406. And 3. William who departed this Life 1430. leaving only a Daughter named Katharine and married to the last Prince of Stargart § II. We now return to John the Divine who Studied 20 Years at the University of Paris where he commenced Doctor of Divinity He departed this Life 1260. leaving by his Wise Luitgarde Daughter of Peppâ— Count de Henneberg besides other Issue a Son named Henry the Fourth and surnamed of Jerusalem for his good Services in the Holy War in which he was taken Prisoner by the Saracens and not set at liberty till above Twenty six Years after He died An. 1302. having begot Henry the Lyon or Seventh on his Wife the Princess Anastasia Daughter of Barnim Duke of Pomerania-Stetin This Leo or the Lyon who died 1329. his Eldest Son's Name was Albert the First Matriculated and declared Prince of the Empire by the Emperor Charles the Fourth He departed this Life 1380. having married Euphemia Daughter of Magnus King of Sweden by whom he had Two Sons viz. 1. Albert the Second who was elected King of Sweden but being overcome and made Prisoner by Margaret Queen of Denmark An. 1388. was kept so by her for seven Years and then set at liberty which yet he enjoyed not long for he died the Year following viz. 1396. His Two Wives were first Fâ—chsa Daughter of Otho the last Earl of Swerin And secondly Helena Daughter of Magnus Torquatus Duke of Brunswick by which last he had Issue Two Sons 1. Erick the First And but both died without Issue 2. Albert the but both died without Issue 2 Magnus the First who died at Aix la Chapelle An. 1384. and was succeeded in his Dutchy by his Son John the Third who Founded the Unviersity at Rostock in 1415. and had the same opened and confirmed four Years after He departed this Life An. 1423. leaving the Government of his Provinces to his Son Henry the Fourth § III. This Henry the Fourth surnamed The Gross died 1477. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and by her this following Issue viz. 1. Anne deceased a Maid 1464. 2. Elizabeth Lady Abbess of Reibnitz 3. Albert the Sixth deceased without Issue 1491. 4. John the Sixth who died of the Plague 1475. 5. Balthasar deceased also without Issue March 7. 1507. 6. Magnus the Second in whose Issue this Family was preserved who Founded the Cathedral and died Nov. 22. 1503. having had to Wife the Lady Sophia Daughter of Erick the Second Duke of Pomerania deceased 1504. Which Match gave Birth to 1. Henry the Fifth surnamed Pacificus or The Peace-Maker who brought the true Doctrine of Christ into his Dominions according to the Lutheran Profession But whereas his Two Sons Magnus the Third and Philip died both without Issue the Government fell to his Brother Albert's Eldest Son as we shall show immediately 2. Erick the Second deceased 1508. 3.
I. THis Family tho' it may be reckon'd among the most ancient and took its rise from the Counts of Beutelsbach of old-time yet it got no higher than Counts till Eberhard surnamed The Great born 1445. who in the Year 1495. was declared Prince of the Empire and Duke of Wirtenburg after he had Founded an University at Tubingen 1477. This excellent Prince dy'd without Issue and was succeeded by his Father's Brother Ulrick the Fourteenth Earl but First Duke of that Name And had Issue Eberhard the Second who succeeded his Father but dy'd without Issue Feb. 17. 1504. And Henry the Third who dy'd Apr. 16. 1519. and left 1. Ulrick the Second born Feb. 8. 1487. he succeeded his Father suffer'd much upon the account of Religion and was in a manner hated by his Subjects for exacting on them He was thrown out of his Dutchy by the League of Schwaben and Banish'd by the Diet at Worms At length he was restor'd in the Year 1534. by Philip Landtgrave of Hesse the King of France furnishing the Money But so That the Dutchy should for the future become a Fee of the House of Austria In 1547. he was remov'd again and restor'd upon very hard Terms He dyed 1550. and left Christopher his Successor who had many Daughters and but one Son Lewis the Third born 1568. who Founded a famous College at Tubingen 1592. and dy'd Aug. 8. 1593. but left no Issue 2. George born 1498. he took Mompelgart 1553. where was born to him Frederick the Magnanimous § II. This Frederick the Sixth born Oct. 25. 1557. upon the death of the before-mentioned Lewis the Third recover'd the Dutchy of Wirtenburg and struck off the Dominion of the House of Austria but not without a round Summ of Money He dy'd Jan. 29. 1608. and had to Wife Sibilla Daughter of Joachim Ernestus of Anbalt whom he married May 22. 1581. and had by her 1. John Frederick born May 5. 1582. of whom in the next Section 2. George Frederick born 1583. dy'd 1591. 3. Sibilla Elizabeth born 1584. married to John George first Elector of Saxony dy'd Jan. 20. 1606. 4. Elizabeth born 1585. dy'd the same Year 5. Lewis Frederick born Jan. 29. 1586 of whom in the Line of Mompelgart 6. John Frederick born and dead 1587. 7. Julius Frederick born June 3. 1588. He was Pensin'd and dwelt in the Castle of Weildingen where he became Father of Silvius Nimrod of whom hereafter in the Silesian Oelsen Line And of Manfred who after the death of his Father liv'd in Weilden and there dy'd May 15. 1662. And by Julia the Daughter of Anthony Earl of Oldenburg yet living left 1. Frederick Ferdinand born Oct. 6. 1654. 2. Augustus born Nov. 5. 1656. 3. Manfred the Second born Sept. 15. 1658. 8. Philip Frederick born and dead 1589. 9. Eva Christiana born May 6. 1590. married to John George Marquess of Brandenburg and Duke of Carnovia 1610. dy'd 1657. 10. Frederick Achilles born Apr. 25. 1591. dy'd without Issue Dec. 20. 1631. 11. Agnes born May 7. 1592. married May 14. 1620. to Frances Julius Duke of Sax-Lawenburg dy'd Nov. 25. 1629. 12. Barbara born Dec. 4. 1593. married Dec. 20. 1616. to Frederick Marquess of Baden Durlach dy'd 1627. 13. Magnus born Dec. 2. 1594. a Valiant Prince Slain in Battel near Wimpsen Apr. 26. 1622. 14. Augustus born Jan. 24. 1596. dy'd Apr. 21. 15. Anne born March 15. 1597. dy'd unmarried 1650. Of the Line Regent of Stutgard § III. WE return to John Frederick eldest Son and Successor of Frederick the Magnanimous who dy'd July 18. 1628. and by Barbara Sophia Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg had 1. Henrica born 1610. dy'd Feb. 18. 1623. 2. Frederick born and dy'd 1612. 3. Antonia born March 24. 1613. dy'd unmarried Oct. 1. 1679. 4. Eberhard the Third born Dec. 16. 1614. of whom shortly 5. Frederick the Seventh or as some the Second born Dec. 19. 1615. who after several Travels and singular Proofs of Courage sate down at last at Newstadt and there dy'd March 24. 1682. His Wife was Clara Augusta Daughter of Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he had a numerous Issue Eight of which dy'd Infants The rest are 1. Frederick Augustus born March 12. 1654. now living at Newstadt 2. Albertus born 1657. a hopeful Prince but dy'd Nov 21. 1670. 3. Sophia Dorethea born 1658. married to Lewis Christian Count Stolberg 1680. dy'd July 23. 1681. 4. Ferdinand William born Sept. 12. 1659. a Prudent Prince and well experienc'd Soldier Lieutenant-General to the King of Denmark He sail'd for Scotland with the Danish Auxiliaries from the Port of Hull 1689. 5. Charles Rodolphus born 1667. now in the Emperor's Service 6. Ulrick the Third born May 15 1617. a Prince that deferves as much as Vertue and Courage may be capable of He dy'd Dec. 4. 1671. and left one Daughter Anna Ignatia born Dec. 27. 1652. but unmarried 7. Anna Johanna born March 13. 1619 who also dy'd unmarried March 5 1679. 8. Sibilla born Dec. 4. 1620. married Nov. 22. 1647. to Leopold Frederick a Kinsman of the House of Mompelgard now a Widow 9. Ebethal born Sept. 4. 1623. dy'd Jan 9. 1624. § IV. Of all these Eberhard the Third succeeded his Father John Frederick an extraordinary Prince but one that suffer'd much by the Imperialists in that Thirty Years German War till at last all was quieted 1648. He dy'd July 2. 1674. He married Anne Catharine Daughter of John Casimire the Rhinegrave 1637. And after her Death Mary Dorothy Sophia Daughter of Ernestus Oetingen 1656. He had by his first Wife 1. John Frederick II born Sept. 9. 1637. died at London in England 1669. aged 22 Years 2. Lewis Frederick born 1638. died 1639. 3 Christina Eberhard born 1639. died 1640. 4. Eberhard born 1640. died Feb. 24. 1641. 5. Sophia Louisa born Feb. 18. 1642. married Jan. 19. 1671. to Christian Ernestus Marquess of Brandenburg Bareith 6. Dorothea Amalia born 1643. died 1650. 7. Christina Frederica born Feb. 28. 1644. match'd May 25. 1655. to Albert Ernestus of Oetingen died Octob. 30. 1674. 8. Christina Charlotta born Octob. 21. 1645. married May 4. 1662. to George Christian Prince of East-Friesland now a Widow 9. William Lewis born Jan. 7. 1647. he succeeded his Father and died three Years after in 1677. leaving by Magdalen Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt now a Widow 1. Eberhardine Louisa born Octob. 11. 1675. 2. Eberhard Lewis born Sept. 18. 1676 the now Prince Regent under the Guardianship of his Mother and his Uncle 3 Magdalena Wilhelmina born after the death of her Father Nov. 7. 1677. 10 Anna Catharina born Nov. 27. 1648. as yet unmarried 11. Charles Christopher born and died Jan. 28. 1650. 12. Eberhardine Catharine born April 12. 1651. married into the House of Octingen 1652. died Aug. 19. 1683. 13. Frederick Charles born Sept. 12. 1652. Governour of the Dutchy of Wirtenberg He married Eleanora Juliana Daughter of
Albert Marquiss of Brandenburg-Ansbach 1682. by whom he had 1. Charles Alexander born Jan. 24. 1684. 2. Dorothea Charlotta born Sept. 1. 1685. 3. Frederick Charles born Octob. 28. 1686. 14. Charles Maximilian born Septemb. 28. 1654. By his Second Wife 15. George Frederick born Sept. 24. 1657. Captain-General of the Emperour's Guards slain with a Great-shot at the Siege of Cassaw Oct. 8. 1685. 16. One other without Name died as soon as born 1659. 17. Albertus Christianus born June 13. 1660. died 16â—3 18. Lodewick or Lewis born Aug. 13. 1661. Colonel of a Regiment of Horse in the Circle of Schwaben 19. Joachim Ernestus born 1662. died 1663. 20. Philip Sigismund born 1663. died 1669. 21. Charles Ferdinand born 1667. died 1668. 22. John Frederick born June 10. 1669. and now serves in the Imperial War 23. Sophia Charlotta born Feb. 22. 1671. 24. Eberhard born and died 1672. 25. Emanuel Eberhard born after the death of his Father 1674. died July 1. 1675. Of the Line of Mompelgard § V. THe Founder and Enlarger of this Line was the before mention'd Lewis Frederick Sect. 2. Numb 5. who died 1631. and was succeeded by Leopold Frederick to whom dying without Isse 1662. succeeded his Brother George II. born Oct. 5. 1626. but being beaten out by the French 1684. now lives in exile His Wife was Anne Daughter of Jasper de Coligny Mareschal of France married to him 1648. and died 1680. by whom he had 1. Otto Frederick born 1650. died 1653. 2. Henrietta born Jan. 8. 1654. died 1680. 3. Eleanora Charlotta born Nov. 20. 1656. married to Sylvius Frederick a Cadet of the House of Oelsen 4. Conrade Lodovick born and died 1658. 5. Anne born Dec. 30. 1660. 6. Elizabeth born March 17. 16â—5 7. Hedewig born March 22. 1664. 8. Leopold Eberhardus born March 21. 1670. Of the Silesian or Oelsen Line § VI. WE spoke before Sect. 2. Numb 7. of Sylvius Nimrod the Son of Julius Frederick He was born 1622. and married Mary the last Heir of the Principality of Oelsen the Investiture of which he receiv'd from the Emperour as King of Bohemia He died April 16. 1664. and left by the said Mary 1. Anna Sophia born 1648. died 1661. 2. Ferdinand Charles born 1650. died 1668. 3. Sylvius Fredericus born Feb. 21. 1651. He kept his Residence in the City of Oels and married Eleanora Charlotta of Mompelgard May 23. 1672. 4. Christianus Ulricus born April 9. 1652. His Seat was the Castle of Bernstadt He married Anne Elizabeth of Anbalt March 13. 1672. who died 1680. and after that Sybilla Maria Daughter of Christian Administrator of Mersburg Oct. 27. 1683. He had by his first Wise 1. Louisa Elizabetha born Feb. 22. 1673. 2. Chrisianus Ulricus born and died 1674. 3. Leopoldus Victor born 1675. died 1676. 4. Frederica Christiana born and died 1676. 5. Sophia Angelica born May 20. 1677. 6. Eleanora Amaena born 1678. died 1679. 5. Julius Sigismundus born Aug. 1. 1653. He dwelt in the Castle of Juliusburg with his Wife Anna Sophia of Mecklenburg whom he married March 25. 1677. and had by her 1. Maria Sophia born March 5. 1678. died Sept. 8. 2. Leopold Frederick born Feb. 29. 1680. died April 5. 1681. 3. Charles born March 1. 1682. after which the said Julius died Octob. 15. 1684. 6. Cunigunda Juliana born March 20. 1655. and died the same Day 7 Sylvius born and died May 8. 1660. Of the Augmentations of this Family § VII IN the Year 1072. Conrade Earl of Wirtenburg got the Earldom of Beutlesbach by Right of Inheritance In the Year 1214. Count John II. had the City of Stutgard in Dowry with his Wife it having formerly belong'd to the Marquisate of Baden In 1240. the Earldom of was added to it by Purchase In 1336. the Earldom of Gruningen In 1346. the Earldom of Calbe In 1397. Eberhard V. got the Earldom of Mompelgard by Marriage and in 1439. brought the Dutchy of Teccen into the Family by the same way In 1495. Eberhard VI. procur'd to it the Ducal Dignity In 1620. Duke Vlrick bought the Castle of Hobentwiel In 1646. Sylvius Nimrod was invested in the Principality of Oelsen and the Signories of Starenberg and Metzibor in Moravia Of the Decrease of this Family § VIII IT suffer'd much in the last French War for the King of France took from it the Earldom of Mompelgard with all its Dependencies in respect of which it has a manifest Pretence to it CHAP. XIV Of the Family of the Marquisses of Baden § I. THat this Family had the same Original with that of Austria Historians scarce suffer us to doubt it From the ancient Princes of Alsatia sprang the Family of Zeeringen who bore Rule far and wide in Brisgow from that Herman Brother of Berthold II. Son of Berthold I. Duke of Zeeringen had the Earldom of Hochbergen and died 1074. His Son Herman married the Lady Judith and with her had the Marquisate of Baden but of what Family this Judith was cannot be certainly affirmed It suffices that Henry Auceps or the Falconer brought it to be a Marquisate and that the aforesaid Herman was the first of his Family that was Marquiss of Baden and died 1130. His Son and Successor was Herman II. who died 1660. and left Herman III. whom the Emperour Frederick I. made Marquiss of Verona and was the Father of Herman IV. and Henry the Enlarger of the Line of Hochbergen which went out in Philip Marquiss and Earl of Hochbergen Sept. 7. 1503. This Herman IV. the Common Father of the Marquisses of Baden had to Wife Irmengard or as others Gerdruth Daughter of Henry of Brunswick Count Palatine of the Rhine by whom he had 1. Herman V. who in Right of his Wife Gerdruth Daughter of Henry of Austria became Heir of Austria and Stiria He left a Son and Heir Frederick from whom yet Ottocar King of Bohemia unjustly wrested Austria on which he got off with Conradine Duke of Suabia into Sicily where he lost his Head 1269. 2. Rodolphus who by reason of his Tallness was surnam'd The Great He died Nov. 19. 1288. § II. Herman VI. eldest Son of this Rodolph was Father of Frederick II. who died June 22. 1333. and of Rodolph V. the Preserver of his Family His Son was Frederick III. Father of Rodolph VI. also surnam'd The Great who died 1372. and left his Son and Successor Bernhard I. Father of James I. a prudent Prince and a Lover of Justice He died Octob. 12. 1453. and had by Catharine Daughter of Charles Duke of Lorrain 1. Margaret married to Albert Elector of Brandenburg 1446. died 1457. 2. Bernhard who died an Infant 1431. 3. Bernhard III. who was profess'd and died 1459. 4. John born Feb. 9. 1459. He became Archbishop of Triers and died Feb. 9. 1503. 5. Charles surnamed The Stout of whom a little after 6. George Bishop of Metz died 1484. 7. Mark a Canon of Strasburg died 1478. Of these Charles was the Successor of
which he took to Wife Isabel d' Este Daughter to Francis Duke of Modena who likewise is since dead As far as we can hear he has but one Son viz. Odoardus the Third lately married as is reported to Hedewig Elizabeth Amalia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine CHAP. XXII Of the House of Modena § I. THe Dukes of Modena are descended from the Ancient Marquesses of Este whose common Father was Hugo Lord of Padua and Marquess of Este Amongst the Descendants of this Lord we find one Borsus who was created Duke of Modena by the Emperor Frederick the Third and of Ferrara by Pope Paul the Second He was succeeded by his Brother Hercules the First who died in 1505. being succeeded by his Son Alphonso the First who by his Wife Lucretia Daughter to Pope Alexander the Sixth had Hercules the Second Duke of Mantua and Ferrara to whom the Government fell upon the death of his Father in 1534. His Son and Successor was Alphonso the Second who died without Issue in the Year 1597. § II. Now there was surviving at this time Caesar d' Este Son of Alphonso Marquess of Monte Casso natural Son to Alphonso the First Duke of Modena by Laura Eustachia a Woman of obscure Birth who afterwards got the name of Labella Ferratarina Duke Alphonso dying without Issue left this Caesar his Heir by the consent of the Emperors Maximilian the Second and Rodolph the Second But the Pope seized on Ferrara as a Fee Farm of the Church vacant by the death of the last Duke However he was Invested in that of Modena in the Year 1598. and was succeeded therein by his Son Francis the First who died 1656. leaving Issue 1. Alphonsus the Third who succeeded him and in 1655. married Laurentia Cardinal Mazarine's Niece by his Sister of which Match came Alphonso the Fourteenth the present Duke who was born 1656. and married a Princess out of the Family of the Barberini 2. Almerick Prince of Modena where he is at present we cannot so well say 3. Isabel married to Rainulius the Second Duke of Parma c. but some time since dead 4. Mary Eleanor Beatrix married in 73. to James the Second King of Great Brittain the now lives in France CHAP. XXIII Of the Family of the Dukes of Curland THe Dukes of Curland are Originally of Westphalia for Gothard the First Son to Gothard Redlar a Westphalian Knight and Grand Master of the Teutonick Order was created Duke of Curland and Semigallan by Sigismund King of Poland and begat James who succeeded in that Dukedom Duke James in 1645. married Charlotte the Daughter of George William Elector of Brandenburg who died in 76. having born him the following Issue 1. Frederick Casimier the present Duke who married Sophia Amalia of Nassau-Siegen on Dec. 25. 1688. by whom he has hitherto had only Two Daughters 2. Ferdinand a Noble and Valiant Prince Lieutenant-General in the Elector of Brandenburg's Army 3. Alexander Wounded with a Cannon-Ball at the Siege of Buda and died in his way towards Vienna 4. Lovise Elizabeth married to Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse of the Line of Hamburg 1671. 5. Mary Amalia married May 21. 1673. to Charles Landtgrave of Hesse of the Line of Cassel 6. Charlotte who as yet lives unmarried in the King of Sweden's Court. 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1421. and being not above nine Months old at the death of his Father was proclaimed King of England and France Aug. 30. 1422. and committed to the Custody of Thomas Duke of Exeter and Henry de Beaufort Bishop of Winchester his Uncles John Duke of Bâ—dford and Humphrey Duke of Gloucester having been appointed the former Regent of France the other Protector of England And now Charles VI. of France being also dead the Dauphin his Son cansed himself to be proclaim'd King by the Name of Charles VII On which many of the French Nohility revoked to him Nor was the Regent idle during this time but took several Places of Strength from him gave him a defeat at Cravant in Buâ—goigne 1423 recover'd Campeigne and Crâ—tâ—te beat him a second time at the Battel of Vernoile 1424. and follow'd it with success 'till Montacute Earl of Salisbury being slain by a Great-shot in the Castle of Orleans 1428. the Fortune of the English began to be at a stand For at this Siege it was that the Maid of Orleans or Jean d'Arcque was brought to the said Charles as a Person inspired by God for the delivery of her Country and that Miracles might be expected from her Conduct However it were it so wrought on the Superstition of the People that she may be said to have turn'd again the Fate of France And Charles VII took that heart upon it that he forthwith came before Rheims which was yielded to him and himself Crown'd there 1428. The Year following King Henry went over in Person and was Crown'd in Paris Decemb. 17. 1431. and after a Year's stay there return'd for England Not long after viz Septemb. 14. 1435. the Duke of Bedford died and Richard Duke of York was made Regent but remov'd 1439. and the Earl of Warwick substituted in his room Upon whose death the Duke of York was again made Regent 1441. And upon a Treaty of Peace between the two Kings 1444. William de la Pâ—â—l Earl of Suffolk and others are appointed Commissioners for the King of England But finding nothing like to come of it he proposes a Match between the King and Margaret Daughter of Reiner Duke of Anjou Titular King of Sicily Naples and Jerusalem which however opposed by the Duke of Gloucester Protector of the Realm took that effect that they were married May 18. 1445. And the Duke of York again removed and the Queen and Suffâ—lk by this time made Duke prevail upon the King's Mildness and govern all things at their pleasure This and the like so disgusted the Duke of York that he began to tamper about his Title to the Crown to which the death of the Cardinal of VVinchester 1448. the Exorbitances of Suffolk and the Duke of Gloucester's the main Prop of the House of Lancaster having been discharg'd from the Protectorship imprison'd and sound dead in his Bed the Year before gave no small encouragement All which being turn'd upon Suffolk he is erclaim'd at by the Commons impeach'd by the Lords and thereupon fled for France but taken in his way had his Head struck off against the side of a Cock boat 1450. To him succeeded in equal Favour of the Queen and Hatred of the People Edmond Duke of Somerset And therefore York having gotten to his Party the two Nevils Father and Son the one Earl of Salisbury the other of VVarwick he rais'd Forces under pretext of removing divers Counsellors from about the King and after several Transactions forward and backward worsted the King at the Battel of St. Albany May 23. 1455. where the Duke of Somerset was slain the King taken Prisoner a Parliament call'd the Duke of York declar'd Protector of the Realm and the Earl of VVarwick Captain of Callice All which was again overturn'd by the Queen and her Party the Year following and the Duke of York and his Friends having gotten into Ireland were attainted in Parliament 1459. Notwithstanding which they return again and being headed by Edward Earl of March fight the King at Northampton and take him Prisoner July 9. 1460. On this the Duke of York Father of the said Edward enter'd the House of Lords the Parliament then sitting seated himself in the Throne To whom said he it of right belongeth The Parliament on this openly declar'd for his Title but in regard Henry had been taken as King for Thirty eight Years it was condescended That he should hold the Title and Name of King and have the Possession of the Realm during his natural Life but if he either died resign'd or forfeited the same by breaking or going against any Point of that Accord that then the said Crown and Regal Authority should be immediately devolved and come to the Duke of York if he were then living Or in case he died to the next Heir of his Lineage And that the Duke of York should from thenceforth be Protector and Regent of the Land All which being sworn to by both Parties and enacted in Parliament Novemb. 1. 1461. Richard Duke of York on the Saturday next ensuing was proclaimed Heir Apparent to the Crown and Protector of the Realm During this time the Queen a Lady of a Courage beyond her Sex had rais'd an Army to rescue the King met the Protector at VVakefield the Christmas following where he was routed and slain and King Henry gotten into her hands again The Earl of March on the other hand now Duke of York by the death of his Father lay with Forces in Gloucestershire and upon hearing of this Defeat made to the Queen and worsted her first at Mortimer's Cross near Hereford the Candlemas-day after and on the 17th of the same Month gave her a total defeat near St. Alban's In which yet the most remarkable Man slain was Sir John Gray On which King Henry with the Queen and Prince Edward their Son got into the North and the Duke of York was proclaim'd King in the head of the Army After which King Henry liv'd somewhat more than Ten Years but generally unfortunate as shall be shown in the next Paragraph and at last died in the Tower some say of Grief or as others murder'd by Richard Duke of Gloucester May 23. 1471. in the Fifty second Year of his Age having reigned of that Thirty eight Years His Wife was Margaret Daughter of Reiner Duke of Anjou c. of whom before by whom he had Edward Prince of Wales born at Westminster Octob. 13. 1453. taken at the Battel of Teuxbury of which in the next Paragraph May 4. 1471. and the same day kill'd in cold Blood by George Duke of Clarence and the said Duke of Gloucester XVI And now Edward IV. having taken upon him the Covernment he was as well by Right of Inheritance as the Accord before mentioned proclaimâ—d King throughout London March 4. 1401. Nor was he searce warm in his Seat ere the comoved King Henry return'd out of the North with a mighty Force but was overthrown by King Edward at Tow ton Field