canum Tristes excubiae munierant satis Nocturnis ab adulteris Si non Acrysium virginis abditae Custodem pavidum Jupiter Venus Risissent fore enim tutum iter patens Converso in pretium Deo Aurum per medios ire satellites Et perrumpere amat saxa potentius Ictu fulmineo The brazen Tow'r gates strongly barr'd The Mastiffe Doggs fierce Court of guard From midnight-Ravishers immur'd Fair Danae had well secur'd Yet pale Acrysius that lockt Her up by amorous Jove was mockt Needs must the way be uncontroll'd And safe the God being turn'd to Gold Gold passes Centries batters Walls And with more force then thunder falls Verse 16. Ere Greeks by others heads swore The Grecians swore by the heads of the Heroes as the Aegyptians did by the lives of their Kings and the Irish by their Governours hands Verse 19. Astraea Daughter to Astraeus one of the Titans who is said to have begot her upon Aurora by whom he had likewise all the Windes which he armed to fight for his Brothers in their war against heaven She abhorring the iniquity and falsehood of men flew up to heaven and was made one of the twelve Signes Libra and there as Justice ought to doe she weighes the intents and actings of men in the celestial Scales That her Sister Chastity fled to heaven with her is Juvenal's opinion Verse 26. In our Age. Sat. 13. Worse then the Iron times Nature no mettle breeds to name our crimes Verse 27. Thy Pledge It was the Roman mode for the Bridegroome upon his Wedding day before he carried his Bride to the Temple to present her with a Ring as a Pledge of his endless affection Macrob. lib. 7. A. Gell. This Ring she wore upon her middle finger because from it there passeth an Artery to the heart and therefore the Antients judged the middle finger only fit to be crowned in Matrimony Verse 32. Aemilian Bridge A mile from Rome built over the River Tiber by Aemilius Scaurus as in the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 39. Julian Law Now that Vrsidius Posthumus means to marry and live honest he would have Adultery punishable by death and therefore magnifies the Julian Law for making it a capitall crime See the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 40. Loose the Gifts How childless persons were courted with gifts out of the Shambles read Sat. 5. Verse 46. Latinus Chest. The Comedian Latinus mentioned Sat. 1. played upon the Stage the Gallant to an Adultress that upon the unexpected return of her Husband locked him up in her Chest a part that had as it seems been really acted by Vrsidius in his younger dayes Verse 49. Tarpeian Jove From Jupiter's Temple in the Tarpeian or Capitoline Mount he was called Tarpeian Jove the Mount had the name of Capitoline from the head of one Tolus found as they digged for the foundation of the Tower built upon that hill formerly called Tarpeian from Tarpeia the Vestal Virgin Virg. l. 9. that betrayed the place where her Father commanded in chief to the Sabines upon their promise to gratifie her with all they wore on their left armes she meant their Gold-Bracelets but they gave her all indeed Bracelets and Shields so the Traytress perished Varr. Verse 50. Juno Daughter of Saturn and Ops Sister and Wife to Jupiter Goddess of Kingdomes and Riches Patroness of Marriage from whence she was called Pronuba the Helper of women in their labour which gave her the title of Lucina Hebe was her Daughter conceived as Poets tell us by eating of wilde letuce of which she surfeited at a Treatment made her by Apollo She had Vulcan and Mars by Jove though Ovid would have her to conceive Mars only by the touch of a flower The Naturalists make Juno to be the Aire and therefore Sister and Wife to Jove for that between the Aire and the Skie there is the neerest relation The name of Juno is derived like to that of Jupiter a juvando from helping Cic. 2. de Natura deor Vrsidius at his marriage might very well afford to gild the horns of the Heifer which he sacrificed to Juno if she would help him to an honest VVife and in that nick of time purge the Town of VVenches for his sake Verse 52. Ceres Daughter to Saturn and Ops inventress of Husbandry Virg. Georg. Prima Ceres ferro mortales vertere terram Instituit To break the Earth with Plough-shares Ceres first Taught men Rosin Ant. lib. 2. cap. 11. She is pictured sometimes in a Matrons habit wearing a Garland of Corn with a handfull of Poppy or a Sheaf in one hand and a Sickle in the other as you may see upon the top of her Temple in the Designe before the twelfth Satyr sometimes she is drawn with a sad look as if she were seeking her Daughter Proserpine stoln away by Pluto as she gathered flowers in the Vale of Aetna where Ceres lighting a Lamp to search for her fired the Mountain which is like to burn for ever In her travel to finde Proserpine Ceres came to the Court of King Eleusius in Attica where she was made Governesse to his Sonne Triptolemus and tryed to make the Childe immortall suckling him in the day time but all night long she put him in the fire Eleusius wondring at the strange growth of his Sonne set Spies upon the Nurse which bringing him no discovery of any extraordinary means used by her in the day time the King hid himself in her Chamber to watch her in the night where seeing her thrust his sonne into the fire the sudden fright made him call out to her to hold her hand Ceres offended with the Kings curiosity punished it with death To the Childe she taught the art of sowing seed and put him into a Chariot drawn with flying Dragons that he might ride through the whole world and teach Husbandry to all Nations The Nymph Arethusa giving intelligence to Ceres that Proserpine was in Hell Ceres went to Heaven and expostulated with Jupiter of the injury done her by their Brother Pluto demanding restitution of her Daughter which was granted in case that Proserpine had eat nothing while she was in Hell But Ascalaphus testifying that he had seen her eat some of a Pomgranate which she plucked from the tree as shee walked in Pluto's Gardens her return was obstructed for ever For this testimony Ceres turned the Witnesse into an Owle At last to qualifie the griefe of his Sister Jupiter consented that her Daughter Proserpine should be in Hell the one half of the year and the other half-year upon the Earth The Romane Sacrifices to the Goddesse Ceres were called sacra Graeca Grecian Sacrifices and the chief Priestesse Sacerdos Graeca because those Ceremonies were brought to Rome out of Greece by Evander The time of her Solemnities was at day-break the Rites only performed by Women that ran up and down with Lamps in their hands helping Ceres to seek her Daughter They that officiated in her Mysteries were
Araxes by Hannibal King of Artaxia Figura Tertia UMbricius 1 migrans 2 Juvenali narrat amico Quorsùm tota domus rhedâ ponatur in unâ Et cur matre senex cupiat decedere 3 Româ Facta noverca pios quia pejùs tractat alumnos Quà m si quis longis venit improbus hospes ab oris Nam si tu fraudes ignoras artis egenus Esto ut 4 Judaeus Romae qui somnia vendit Cui 5 Templū Egeriae cui 6 fonsque 7 nemusque locantur Arboribus populo mercedem pendere jussis Umbricii sine dote 8 puellam candida virtus Agricolae jungat lanam trahet otia ruris Nacta magìs felix quà m serica Consulis uxor Filia 9 dum civis dotata an pauper in urbe Cogitur infido miserè succumbere Graeco Pharmaca qui miscet cantûs choreaeque magister Virginibusque legit quae scripsit Achaia mendax Ambulet Umbricii per noctem 10 filius irâ Jam praetextati spretâ contoque minantis Dissimilis 11 Romano inopi qui basia dextrae Caedentis figens abit uno laetus ocello Quum virtus humilis magnas non incolat urbes Currū age perge 12 Auriga probis comes ibo colonis The third Designe HEre from 1 Umbritius 2 Juvenal receives A full account why his old friend thus leaves His Mother 3 Rome that treates the best of hers No better then the worst of Foreiners For if no Cheats mean-fortun'd Romans use They grow as poor as fortune-telling 4 Jewes That farm Egeria's sacred 5 Tenement Fountain 6 and 7 Grove but fell it to make rent His 8 Daughter without dow'r her virtue now May match to one that holds his father's plough And she live happier then a Consul's wife Crown'd with the quiet of a Country life Whil'st poor or rich at Rome a handsome 9 Maid Will be to some sly Grecian's lust betray'd That gives her Physick teaches her to dance To sing an Ode or read a Greek Romançe His 10 Son too may walk lighted by the Moon And now fear no wild rambling youth's batoon Like some poor 11 Roman that in case he misse But one eye will the hand that strook him kisse No living for poor virtue in great Towns On 12 Carter Have among you honest Clowns The Manners of Men. THE THIRD SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT Umbritius with his Waggon load Of household goods upon the road Meets Juvenal and layes him down The reasons why he leaves the Town Compares the Countries safe delights With Rome's deer Rates ill-Arts and Frights And saying on is put in minde Of parting by the Sun declin'd THough griev'd for my old friend's remove I 'm glad He will at empty Cumae fix and add One Dweller to that Sybil's Town the dore To Baiae sweet retirement's pleasant shore I would plant Prochyta your petty Isle Ere dwell in our Suburra's goodly Pile For what so desolate sad horrid there As frights of fire still falling houses here And thousand dangers which at Rome we dread Besides the Poets that in August read The Wagon wherein all his house was lay'd At th' ancient Arc by moist Capena stay'd Where NUMA every night his Goddesse met Whose Temple Spring and Grove the People let Now to the Jews and all their stock to pay Their Land-lords is a Basket and some Hay Yet out of every tree the rent is made 'T is Beggars-bush no more the Muses shade Into EGERIA'S valley we descend To those fair Wells which Art presum'd to mend How much diviner had the waters been If with a border of eternall green The grasse about the spring had still remain'd Nor marble had the native stone prophan'd Here thus UMBRICIUS sayes since for our pains In honest Arts the City yeilds no gains My stock 's less this day then the day before Yet will to morrow shrink that little more I mean to goe and settle in the Town Where DAEDALUS his weary'd wings lay'd down Whil'st age strait-shoulder'd hath some youth in it Whil'st my hair 's gray whil'st there 's a remnant yet For LACHESIS to spin whil'st I walk on My own legs need no staffe to lean upon I bid the place where I was born farewell There let ARTURIUS and CATULUS dwell Men that turn black to white that can with ease Farm holy earth our rivers and our seas Be Scavengers bodies to burning bear And sell slaves under the commanding spear These Village-known cheeks that in Country lists Were Fencers men these sometimes Flutenists Now sword-play Masters with revers'd thumbs kill The people shouting what-poor Rogue they will Returning thence hire the gold-finders place Indeed what not since they are of that race Which rises to high office from mean birth As oft as fortune is dispos'd to mirth What should I doe at Rome I cannot ly Nor when a book is vilely writ comply And beg a copy How your Planet runs I know not promise fathers deaths to sons Nor can nor will I I did ne're dissect Toads entrails what commands lewd friends direct To others wives convey'd by others be No Thief shall his Receiver make of me I therefore goe lame no companion left An useless member my right hand bereft Who 's now belov'd but he that can reveal Foul trusts which he for ever should conceal He owes thee nothing nothing will bestow That lets thee but an honest secret know Great VERRES with respect will that man use That when he pleases VERRES can accuse Let not dark TAGUS buy thee from thy sleep Nor all the gold that rolls unto the deep Take not base bribes which thy sad soul rejects Whil'st thy great friend the faith he hires suspects Now what they are our rich men love so well I loath so much I haste nor blush to tell I cannot Romans this Greek Town abide Nor 's all Greek filth for long since with the tide To Tiber Syrian Orontes flowd Their oblique strings and Fidlers language mode Their Country Cimbals too they brought a-land And hackney-Sluts that in the Circus stand Walk thither you that doe a fancy bear To Curtezans that painted Miters wear Our nointed Clown prize-playing ornaments Or a poor basket-scambling gown contents There 's born at Andros Samos Amidon Alaband Trallos or high Sicyon Have th' honour in mount Esquiline to live Or that to which a name the wickers give Now servants in great houses some years hence Their Lords thanks to their desp'rate impudence Quick wit and volubility of tongue ISAEUS had not his so smoothly hung Tell me what 's he in whom comes every man A Rhetorician a Grammarian A Painter Nointer Augur Geometrician A Dancer o' the ropes too a Physician Magician he knows all things bid him so To heav'n the hungry little Greek will go In short wings were not by a Thracian worn Tartar or Moor but one at Athens born Should I not fly from these great Lords shall he Seal first and at a feast take place of me That hath by that wind
fired the whole Palace Jason resolving to kill Medea for this fact broke open her Chamber-dore just as if she had bewitched him thither only to be an eye witness to the death of those Children which he had by her for as soon as ever he came in she catcht them up and strangled them all but saved her self by the power of Magick Her next appearance she made at Athens where she married Aegaeus and though he was then very aged she had a Son by him called after her own name Medus that gave name to the Country of the Medes Justin. lib. 42. After all this no body knows how Jason and she were reconciled probably it was for her own ends because she forthwith carried him to Colchos where he reestablished her old banished Father in his Kingdome See Diodor. Sicul. and N. Comes that learnedly interprets the Fable of Medea Verse 673. Progne Daughter to Pandion King of Athens Wife to Tereus King of Thrace of all Thracians the most barbarous for under pretence of waiting upon Pandion's other Daughter that made a visit to her Sister Progne at his Court by the way he ravished Philomela cutting out her tongue that she might not tel But Philomela being an excellent Work-woman drew her sad story with her needle in such lively colours that her Sister Progne knew the whole circumstance of the Rape and to revenge her self of her cruel Husband by the advice of the Maenades she feasted him with the limbs of his and her Son Itys which being known by the Childs head that was served-in for the second course Tereus in his fury would have killed his Wife but whilst he was drawing out his Sword he saw her turned into a Swallow Philomela was transformed into a Nightingale Itys into a Pheasant Tereus himself admiring at their metamorphosis was turned into a Lapwing that still bears upon his head the creast of a fierce Thracian Souldier See Ovid. Met. 6. Verse 683. Alcestis Wife to Admetus King of Thessaly whose Cattle-keeper Jove himself had been and therefore as it seems when his old Master was sick to death Jove was contented with an exchange so that if any one would die for Admetus he might live But this being an office distastefull to his whole Court and Kingdome all excused themselves only Queen Alcestis cheerfully embraced the offer and served her Husband with her life Her Tragedy you may read in the works of Euripides Verse 687. Belides The Belides or Danaides were fifty Daughters of Danaus Son to Belus To these Ladies Aegyptus Danaus his Brother desired to marry his fifty Sons but Danaus would not give way to the Treaty of a marriage with all or any of them because the Oracle had fore-told him that he should die by the hand of a Son in Law but Aegyptus moving it once again in the head of a strong Army brought to force the consent of Danaus and his Daughters the match was concluded Upon the wedding night the Brides were instructed by their Father to kill their Husbands when they saw their opportunity In obedience to him all these Ladies slew their Husbands but only Hypermnestra that preserved the life of her Husband Lyceus He afterwards verified the Oracle and to secure himself slew his Father in Law Danaus and succeeded him in the Kingdome of Argos The sentence pronounced against these Sisters by Minos the just Judge of Hell was to pour water into a Tub that was split until they filled it which could never be and therefore their punishment must be endless Some think this Fable signifies the Spring and Autumne that every year pour out new varieties of flowers and fruits yet never satisfie our expectations See Lucret. lib. 5. Others take it to bear proportion to the whole life of man and of all things in the world which as they come in go out not leaving any long continued monument of what they were There are that apply it to benefits conferred upon ingratefull persons which vanish in the doing Plato compares the split Tubs of the Beleides to the minde of an intemperate man which is insatiable Terence hath one that saith he is very like them plenus rimarum sum I am full of Leaks But whosoever he was that writ the following Epigram he fixes Plato's sense from an universal to a particular exceeding well Belidas fingunt pertusa in dolia Vates Mox effundendas fundere semper aquas Nomine mutato narratur fabula de te Ebrie qui meias quae sine fine bibis Quinetiam hoc in te quadrat turba ebria quod sint Corpora quae fuerant dolia facta tibi Tubs split say Poets the Belides fill With water which still pour'd in runs out still Change names to thee the Fable comes about Drunkard that all thou pour'st in pissest out In this too it concerns your bousing Crue Those that were Bodies are made Tubs by you Verse 687. Eriphyle Daughter to Thelaon Sister to Adrastus and Wife to Amphiaraus She was bribed with a Ring by Polynices to make discovery of her Husband that lay hid for fear of being forced to march to the seige of Troy where he and she knew that it was his fate to die For this trechery of his Wife Alcmaeon had in charge from his Father Amphiaraus that as soon as ever the breath was out of his body she that betrayed him to death should not live a minute accordingly when the news was brought Alcmaeon slew his Mother Verse 689. Clytemnestra See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Hom. lib. 11. Odyss Senec. in Agam. Eurip. in Orest. Sophocles in Elect. Verse 695. The thrice foil'd Monarch Mithridates King of Pontus that by the strength of his arme could rule six pair of horses in a Chariot and by the strength of his brain two and twenty Nations every one of them speaking a several tongue and he all their languages When the Romans were taken up with their civil wars he beat Nicomedes out of Bithinia and Ariobarzanes out of Cappadocia possessing himself of Greece and all the Greek Islands only Rhodes excepted The Merchants of Rome that traffick't in Asia by his contrivance were slain in one night the Proconsul Q. Oppius and his Legate Apuleius were his Prisoners But Mithridates was thrice defeated by the Romans First as you have heard by Sylla at Dardanum then by Lucullus at Cyzicum from whence he fled for refuge to Tigranes King of Armenia that suffered him to make new levies within his Dominions but that vast Army was totally routed by Pompey Finally Pharnaces besieged him in his Palace and Mithridates despairing attempted to poison himself but had brought his body to such a habit by long and constant use of Antidots to prevent impoisoning that when poyson should have done him service it would not work Nor had he then lost the Majesty of his looks for the man sent to kill him found Mithridates unwillingly alive yet still so undaunted and like himself that the Murderer shakt and
witness with â—ntentive eyes But when he comes out of his Consulship At noon-day DAMASIPPUS cracks his whip Nor blushes though his aged friends he meets But with his whip first his acquaintance greets And when his horses are unharnest feasts With barley he pours out the wearied beasts Nay when in NUMA'S ceremoniall wayes He Sheep or Oxen at JOVE'S Altar slayes By EPONA he swears and all that Crue Whose pictures we o're nasty Mangers view But when his Tavern-Revels are begun Up staires and down must SYROPHAENIX run Moist SYROPHAENIX that sweats th' Oyles he sells At th' Idumaean Port for there he dwells And with the courtship of an Host the word That he salutes with is my Prince my Lord. The like doth CYANE bringing Flagons still In a clean Apron which inflames the Bill But thou sayst pleading for him when he 's chid That young we did the like 't is true we did But art ' reclaim'd thy errour do'st retract Short let it be which thou dar'st fouly act Some crimes with our first beards are cut away Of course sue out their pardons Children may But DAMASIPPUS takes his bathing Cups And on the painted Tavern-linnen sups Ripe for the Armenian warre fit to make good The Syrian streams the Rhene or Istrian flood Of years that NERO'S person may defend Send to thy Fleet at Ostium CAESAR send But thy great Adm'rall in some Tavern seek There they will finde him lying cheek by cheek With Murd'rers mixt with Pyrates and Purse-takers Run-away Slaves Hangmen and Coffin-makers With CYBEL'S Priest on 's back his bells at rest Where equall freedome welcomes every Guest Where ev'ry man for the same cup may call One table that too alike neer to all Hadst thou a Slave like this Lord what would'st thou Do with him PONTICUS send him to plough Thy Land neer Luca or his pains imploy In Tuscan Quarries but my Lords of Troy You with your selves dispense and things held base In Clowns the VOLESI and BRUTI grace Who would have thought we could this lewdness find In men of honour but there 's worse behind Thy fortunes spent thou DAMASIPPUS let'st Thy voice out on the Stage a share thou get'st CATULLUS his shrill Phantasm spends thy breath Swift LENTULUS playes LAUREOL put to death Acts hanging well and wert to be decreed By my vote merits to be hang'd indeed Nor can the People be excus'd in this The Peoples foreheads are more braz'd then his Which impudently sit and pleasure take To see the sport that our Patricians make That can our FABIAN Comedians hear And laugh at MAMERCAN'S box oth'ear No matter for how much their breath they sell Which now there is no NERO to compell Yet fail they not in the great Praetor's Shows To sell their blood but here a Stage suppose And there a Scaffold which would'st thou refuse Who so fears death that he would rather chuse To watch fair THYMILE o' th Stage where he And CORINTH the dull fool must fellows be Nor is 't a wonder when the Prince shall love A Fidler's name if Lords do Players prove What could the Town be then but Playes And there GRACCHUS Rome's infamy doth arm'd appear A Retiarius no Secutor's Shield No crooked Faucheon brings into the field Nor wears a Beaver down no he reproves Reproves and hates that habit see he moves His Trident and the Net pois'd in his hand Lest he might throw it out of his command He holds up his bare face and in the eyes Of all Rome round about the Lists he flies His Cassock speaks him gold-strings hanging at His chin and glitt'ring in his high-crown'd hat Who therefore was Secutor to this Lord Shame cut him deeper then he struck his sword What Rascal would not were his vote now free Give it to SENECA NERO e're to thee For whom we should not as one Patricide One Ape one Serpent and one Sack provide ORESTES had thy crime but not thy guilt The Gods were Authors of the blood he spilt His Father to revenge made drunk and slain Yet him his Sisters murder did not stain Nor in a rage his Spartan Wife he kill'd Nor Bolls of Poyson for his Kindred fill'd ORESTES sung no Odes no Troicks writ Books which of all crimes NERO did commit VINDEX VIRGINIUS GALBA should have first Reveng'd of all his cruelties the worst Works for a Prince are these doe these Arts sute With Majesty it self to prostitute On Stages to put forein Actors down And carry from the Greeks their Parsley Crown Thy voice's trophies let thy Fathers bear THYESTE'S long train let DOMITIUS wear ANTIGONE'S or MENALIPPE'S tyre And on AUGUSTUS CAESAR hang thy lyre Who any thing finds higher then thy line CETHEGUS reaches CATILIN or thine Yet you took Armes and did by night conspire To set our Houses and our Gods on fire Like Sons of Galls or Rogues at Lions born For which you ought pitcht Cassocks to have worn But on your motion did the Consul wait This new-man TULLY this poor Arpinate Late made at ROME a Country-gentleman Set guards where e're the line of danger ran Unmaz'd us and took pains for all the Town And therefore ev'n within the walls the Gown A greater title upon him bestow'd Then any name CAESAR to Actium ow'd To Thessaly or to those weapons kept Moist with the blood which they so often wept For Rome freed Rome did call her self his Child And CICERO his Country's Father stil'd Another born at Arpin MARIUS tills First as a Hireling the rough Volscian hils The Vine then paid him when the lazy Cramp Took his hand Palizadoing the Camp Yet he at Cimbrian horrours never check't But did alone the trembling State protect And when slain Cimbrians did the Crows invite Which never could on goodlier bodies light A second Laurel was by MARIUS worn Collegue at that time to the nobly-born Plebeian souls and names the Decii were Yet for our Youth our Friends and Armies here And every where th' infernal Gods and th' Earth The Mother to whom Mankind owes his birth Accepted them and more the Decii priz'd Then all for whom their lives were sacrific'd He had that from a Bond-woman did spring Rome's Purple Crown and Rods our last good King A Gate of Rome in banish't TARQUIN'S aid The Consul 's noble Sons would have betraid Which for our doubtfull liberty were ty'd To act what COCLES would have magnifi'd Or MUTIUS or the Maid that courage found To swim o're Tyber then our Empire 's bound Discover'd by a Slave whom Mothers taxe They felt their Fathers Rods and our just Axe THERSITES I could wish thy Father were So thou like to ACHILLES might'st appear In VULCAN'S Arms ere my consent would let ACHILLES like THERSITES thee beget Yet fetch how farre thou canst thy Pedegree The base Asylum thy first House must be The first whose blood thy Ancestors can claim A Shepheard or what I am loth to name The Comment UPON THE EIGHTH SATYR VErse 1. Ponticus The Noble
of Isis Cybele and Ceres impudently prophaned 321 Tentyrites 505. hate the Crocodile ib. adore the Ibis ib. Tereus 242 Terminus his offering 522. his violation the greatest sacriledge ibid. Terpsichore Inventress of Musick and Dancing 246 Teutons Germans so named from their God Tuisco 306 Thais 99 Thales one of the seaven Sages 452. taught Geometry to the Grecians ib. found out the intervals of time ib. quarters of the Wind ib. diameter of the Sun ibid. the cause of eclipses and thunder ibid. obliquity of the Zodiack ibid. the celestiall Zones and the Sun 's annuall course ibid. when and how he dyed ib. Thebes in Boeotia 442 Thebes in Aegypt ib. 503. Themison Scholar to Empedocles 372. quoted by Galen ib. a bad Practicer in Physick ibid. Theodorus Gadareus 259 Thersites 309 Theseis a Heroick Poem 12. of the Knight-Errantry of Theseus ibid. Thessaly described 217. there Medea gathered the simples that made Aeson young again ibid. Theutrantes K. of Caria 13 Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey 53. his Princely Collection of ancient Greek and Roman Statues writ upon by Mr. Selden ibid. Thraseas Paetus a Stoick 142. his last words 143 Thrasyllus 215. his death ibid. Thrasymachus 261 Thumbs bent downward signified favour to the sword-Players 95. reversed or turned upward that they must fight it out and dye though misprinted in the Comment ibid. Thyrsus described 193 Tibur a City and Castle 103. by whom built ibid. Tiburnus 103 Tigellinus poisoned three of his Father's Brothers 33. forged their Wills ibid. Tilphossa 454 Tilpbossus ib. Timbrells of gold silver or brasse 446 Tiresias a Prophet 454. his Fable ibid. his Monument ib. his deification ib. Titius and Seius 119 Titus and Tiberius Sons to the Consull Junius Brutus promise to deliver a Gate of Rome to K. Tarquin 308. the plot discovered by a Slave ib. their Fathers cruell sentence of death upon them ib. Tongillus 254 Tower Ovall 216 Toxeus 147 Trabeae 355 Trallis a Carian Town 97 Trebius a base-minded Client 130 Trechedipna a Gown to run in 97 Tribune Protector of the Commonalty 29. his legall and usurped power ib. Tribune Military 100 Tricipitinus Father to Lucraece 380 Triclinium the Dining-Roome described 141 Trochilos how he deceives the Crocodile 501 Trojan Lords great persons of Rome 29 Trypher a Carving-Master 408 Tullia Daughter to King Serv. Tullius and Wife to Tarquin the Proud 308. puts her Husband upon the murder of her Father ibid. Tullus Hostilius third King of Rome sacks and slights the City of Alba 144. puts the Romans into action ib. ascertains the rates of Coin ibid. brings in the Chariot-Chaire the Office of Lictor the Toga Picta and Praetexta ibid. and the golden Bullaes ibid. Turnus Generall of the Rutilians 34. fights a single combat with Aeneas ibid. Tutor vid. Julius Tutor Tutors how to be valued 260 Tyrrhene Sea 196 Sentences in T. Fol. 75. verse 59. Who 's now belov'd but he that can reveal Foul Trusts Fol. 103. ver 104. What 's more violent then a Tyrant's eare Fol. 333. verse 27. The poor way-faring man that doth not bring A charge along before the Thief will sing V. VAgellus 521 Valerius Corvinus Tribune to Camillus 288. accepts the challenge of a Gaul ib. assisted in that Combate by a Crow from which he had his surname ib. six times Consul ibid. Varillus a poor Knave 55 Vatinius the drunken Cobler of Beneventum 143 Vcalegon a poor Roman 103 Vectius Valens his ominous words at the adult'rous Wedding of Messalina and Silius 385 Veiento vid. Fabricius Veiento Veil vid. Flammeum Velabrian vid. Lake Venafrian Oyle 145 Venafrum ib. Ventidius a Slave 260. made General against the Parthians ib. triumphs ib. Verres his Offices in the Republick 56. his trechery lust c. ibid. a Suit commenced against him by the Sicilians ibid. his Charge managed by Cicero 297. Juvenal's Aggravation of his crime ib. he flyes his Country 56. is proscribed and slain ib. the cause of his Proscription ibid. Verses defamatory prohibited by Law 32 Vespasian's answer to his Son Titus 482 Vesta the Mother 207. the Daughter ibid. what they both signifie ibid. Vestall Nunns superintend the Ceremonies of the Good-Goddess 60. their Cloister 118. their number ib. their Charge ibid. their punishment for negligence ib. the time of their admission and stay ib. the manner and reason of their execution for breach of vow ib. their Founder 207 Vestines 481 Vettus 255 Vibius Crispus a smooth-tongu'd Orator 123. how he kept himself in favour at Court ibid. the pleasantness of his replies ib. his honours ib. Vindex vid. Caius Julius Vindex Vindicius the Slave that discovered the Sons of the Consull Brutus 308. made free ib. the Rod used in manumissions ever after called Vindicta ib. Vine-battoon 481 Virginia 381. the plot laid to ravish her ibid. her Father to save her honour kills her ib. the revenge of her death 382 Virginius Rufus 303 Virro a Proud Patron 130 Vivaries Imperiall Fish-ponds 121 Vlysses his disputable Parents 325. his policy to avoid the warre and enjoy his Wife 326. how discovered ib. his services for his Country ibid. Achilles his Armes adjudged to him 327. his cruelty before he went aboard ib. his unfortunate voyage ib. his death foretold by the Oracle but inavoidable 329 Vmbricius an Aruspex 93. why he removes with his Family from Rome ib. Volscians 103 Volusius Bithynicus 501 Vow or Sacrament Military 522 Vulture 476 Sentences in V. Fol. 6. verse 90. Virtue 's prais'd but sterves Fol. 10. verse 179. Posterity can no new Vices frame Fol. 266. ver 24. Virtue 's the true and sole Nobility Fol. 339. verse 161. Virtue is so much less belov'd then Fame For bate reward who will at Virtue aime Fol. 351. ver 431. Virtu's the path to Peace Fol. 469. ver 271. None sins just so farre as he hath in charge But at his pleasure will his Vice inlarge Fol. 404. ver 53. a Victory comes easie when The foes are tippled lisping reeling men W. WIl ls made by Military priviledge 523 Sentences in W. Fol. 166. ver 312. Wealth to the weakned World foul riot taught Fol. 174. ver 479. Nothing makes man's life Vnhappier then a fortune with a Wife Fol. 465. ver 201. no one sin That to the mind of mankind enters in Poysons or kills more then Wealth 's cruell thirst For all men would be rich and rich at first Fol. 174. ver 477. A Woman thinks all 's lawfull when she wears Those mighty Pear-pearls that weigh down her ears Fol. 81. ver 193. Men seldome rise where Want keeps Virtue down Fol. 349. ver 387. The edge of VVomans wrath is then most keâ— When a repulse adds blushes to her spleen X. XErxes K. of Persia 369. his two vast Armyes by Sea and Land ibid. both overthrown ibid. why he fled out of Greece ibid. his humour of fighting changed into feasting ibid. his Subjects despise him ibid. slain by the Captain of his Guard 370. the madness of his pride ibid. Z. ZAlates an Armenian Hostage 70 Zeno the first Stoick 508. understands the Oracle ibid. comes to traffick at Athens ibid. looses his Ship and takes a Gown ibid. why his Scholars were called Stoicks ibid. how the Athenians honoured him in his life time ibid. how after his Death 509 A Sentence in Z. Fol. 494. verse 58. Zeal sounds the Trumpet to the Brawl FINIS 1638. 1644. Plutarch in Apophth Sat. 4. Sat. 14. Sat. 12. Sat. 15. ibid. Sat. 10. Sat. 10.
him whereupon he reconciled himself to Achilles who it seems made the first experiment of the weapon-salve upon Telephus healing his wound saith Pliny with the rust of the Spear that made it Ovid. Telephus aeterna consumptus tabe perisset Si non quae nocuit dextra tulisset opem Consum'd for ever Telephus had dy'd Had not the wounding hand the Cure apply'd Others say that Achilles did this cure by virtue of certain herbs taught him by his Singing-master the Centaur Chiron Claud. Sanus Achilleis remeavit Telephus herbis Cujus pertulerat vires sensit in uno Lethalem placidamque manum medicamen ab hoste Contigit pepulit quos fecerat ipse dolores Achilles that gave Telephus his wound Cur'd him with herbes from one hand death he found And life his Enemy his Surgeon prov'd And he that caus'd the pain the pain remov'd Here was plot enough to make a Play like the Thanks in Terence that were to be sent to Thais more than Great Huge Verse 5. Orestes The Tragedy of Orestes Son to Agamemnon and Clytemnestra that having murdered the King her Husband to make way for her second marriage with Aegistus her next resolution was in order to a settlement to take the life of her young Son Orestes But she was prevented in this designe by the vigilant care of her Daughter Princesse Electra by whom her Brother with his Governour was privately sent to his Uncle by the Father Strophius Prince of the Phocians in whose Court Orestes was educated with the Prince's Son Pylades inseparable Friend and Companion to him in all the sad changes of his fortune When for some years he had remained with his Uncle Orestes sickned dyed as the world was made believe the colourable Ceremonies of his Funeral being over Embassadors from the Prince were sent to Aegistus and Clytemnestra to condole that was to congratulate for the death of Orestes who attended by his Cousin Pylades went himself in their train disguised shrinking his shoulders to disguise his height and being admitted to the presence of his Mother and Father in law Orestes slew them both in revenge of his own Fathers murder With the horror of this committed matricide he fell distracted imagining that his Mothers ghost with a guard of Furies haunted him He likewise slew Pyrrhus the Son of Achilles in the Temple of Apollo for ravishing his Betrothed the fair Herimone the Daughter of Hellen by Menelaus and wandered with Pylades into Taurica Chersonesus where the barbarous Custome of the Europaean Sarmatians was to offer up to Diana the blood of Strangers especially Graecians which of all the World they hated The King of the Country Thoas receiving intelligence that one of the Stranger-Princes was Orestes commanded that he as the better man should be sacrifized but no discovery could be made which of the two was he for Pylades took upon him the name of Orestes and Orestes owned himself their friendship being so strict as they refused not to die for one another Cicero de Amicitia These bloody Rites were superintended by the Lady Iphiginia one that before the Trojan War when the Grecian Fleet lay winde-bound for Agamemnon's offence of killing a Stag in Aulis was brought thither to appease the wrath of Diana as a Sacrifice but the goddesse pittying her innocence sent a Hinde to supply her place at the Altar and conveyed away the Princess to be her Priestesse in Taurica where she now coming to the knowledge of her Brother Orestes saved his life by joyning with him to kill Thoas King of Taurica from whence they fled into Italy carrying along the Image of Diana hid in a Faggot and therefore called Fascilides by the Romans and adored by that Title in the Aricine Wood where the figure was left by these Wanderers Lastly Orestes being told that he should finde rest and be dispossessed of the Furies in Arcadia directed his course thither and there died bit by a Viper His body was afterwards digged up by command from the Oracle and found to be be ten foot and a half high Pliny lib. 7. Verse 8. The Grove of Mars Several Groves were consecrated to Mars one in Pontus another at Athens a third in Alba where the Wolf gave suck to the Twins of Mars Romulus and Rhemus This last I conceive my Author means as a subject on which his Country-men the Romans used to exercise their Muses Verse 8. Vulcan's Grotto near to the Aeolian Rocks By Vulcan's Grotto is meant the concave of the burning Mountain Aetna where Vulcan the god of fire hammered out Thunderbolts as the old World was made believe when the truth of Histories was wrapt up in Fables by the wisedome of the Ancients Right against Aetna lie the 7. Liparen Islands Liparis Tremessa Ericusa Phenicusa Evonyma Hiera and Strongyle the greatest of the seven where Aeolus reigned that was believed to be god of the Windes and blew from his Aeolian Rocks as the Bellowes to Vulcan's great Forge in Aetna who had likewise a little Forge in Hiera the least of these 7. Islands called the Vulcanian Isle and his Liparen Work-house Sat. 13. But Vulcan powr'd Nectar himself and his own fingers scowr'd Foul'd in his Liparen Work-house The cause why this Isle was dedicated to Vulcan was from a little stonie Hill therein continually vomiting up fire Verse 10. What Souls Judg Aeacus torments The three Infernal Judges were Rhadamantus Minos and Aeacus The first commissioned to hear the Charge and judge of matter of fact Virg. Aeneid lib. 5. Gnosius haec Rhadamantus habet durissima regna Castigatque auditque dolos subigitque fateri Here strictest Rhadamant the Gnosian reignes Hears Crimes makes Souls confess and suffer pains The second pronounced Sentence Horace Cum semel occideris de te splendida Minos Fecerit arbitria No sooner shalt thou die and Minos pass Clear sentence on thee The third saw Judgment executed as in the words here commented upon What Souls Judg Aeacus torments Verse 11. Who stole the Golden Fleece The Theef was Jason his Fable Ovid gives you the History of the Fleece Justin lib. 24. Phryxus Prince of Thebes after the death of his Mother Queen Ino when he durst no longer trust his life to the madness of his Father Athamas and the malice of his Step-mother Mephele committed himself to the mercy of the Sea and desperately attempted to pass the Pontick Straits upon the back of the Golden-Ram his Sister Helle riding behinde him but she poor Lady frighted with the roaring of the waves let goe her hold and was drowned in that narrow Sea afterwards called Hellespont Phryxus himself came safe to Aeta King of Cholcos where he sacrificed the golden-Ram to Jupiter some say to Mars The Ram swifter then he stemd the Straits flew up to heaven and was made a Star retaining his former figure The Golden-fleece hung up in the Temple until Medea charmed the Guards for Jason to steal both it and her Verse 11.
nest of Quails the Embleme of Concord Verse 142. Clients A Client had relation to some Noble man as his Patron The Patron was obliged in honour to protect his Client the Client besides his attendance in publick was bound by Law to contribute towards his Patrons assesments and Daughters marriages If any Client could be proved unfaithfull to his Patron to have informed made oath or given his vote against him or for his Enemy he was for such disloyalty devoted to the Infernall Gods and not only accursed by the Priest but out-lawed by the Criminal Judge so that it was lawfull for any man to kill him Lazius de Repub. Rom. lib. 12. c. 3. Verse 153. The Forum The great Roman Piazza where the Courts of Justice sate to which the Client after he had complemented his Friends at the Sportula waited upon his Patron Martial Prima salutantes atque altera continet hora Exercet raucos tertia causidicos The first hour and the second we salute And in the third hoarse Advocates dispute Verse 154. The learned in the Law Apollo The reason of this expression was occasioned by the Library of Civil-law-books made by Augustus Caesar in the Temple of Apollo-Pallatine where the Judges also heard Causes as appears by Horace's delivery from the prating Fellow that was arrested and carried before the Judge sitting in that Temple Horace Sic me servavit Apollo Thus Apollo saved me Verse 156. Aegyptian and Arabarch Crispinus the Aegyptian that by his Master was priviledged to have triumphal Titles Ornaments and a Statue in the pedestall or basis whereof was engraven the style of Arabarch which Crispinus might conceive the Reader would take to be Arabian Prince Some take Arabarch for a Customer in Aegypt that received toll for Cattle brought thither out of Arabia but Juvenal seems to use the Word for an Arch-rogue Verse 161. A Supper The Supper which the Patron was ordered by Domitian Caesar to bestow upon his Clients was called Caena recta a plain Supper to distinguish it from the Patrons Caena dubia or Supper of varieties such as puzled the Guests to know where they should begin But at this time the Sportula was not by Domitian reduced to the Caena recta of which Martial Centum miselli jam valete quadrantes Poor hundred Farthings now farewell Verse 171. Whole Boars The first that brought in fashion the having of a Boar served up whole to his Table was Servilius Tullus Pliny Verse 174. Crude Peacock Peacocks flesh never putrifieth St. Augustine Then well it might be raw upon a Gluttons stomach when he bathed before his next meal Hortentius the Augur was the first that brought this meat in request at Rome Verse 177. Angry Friends Neer relations must needs be vext at the death of a Friend by gluttony so surprized as not to have time to make a Will Yet even they could not but laugh at such a Comicall disaster though they lost their Legacies by it Verse 186. Mutius A great Knave but a poor man so that when the Auruncane Satyrist Lucilius published his knavery he had not a purse to see Advocates in a cause of Defamation but if Tigellinus the Emperor's Favourite had been the man so defamed he would have followed the Law which was Ne licet carmen fieri ad alterius injuriam Cicer. lib. 4. Tusc. Be it unlawfull for any man to make verse to the injury of another And in favour of so eminent a Courtier Juvenal thinks it probable that the Judg would have sentenced the Offender to die as cruel a death as was inflicted upon Christians of which barbarous cruelty read Tacitus lib. 15. Yet that very Judge might in his conscience know that Tigellinus was a thousand times the greater Villain M. Tigellinus Ophonius poysoned three of his Fathers Brothers and forging their Wills came to a vast Estate most villanously Probus Verse 189. Like those Christians of whose living bodies Nero made bonfires using them as he had done Rome with the firing whereof he charged them Note that Juvenal speaking here of the Christians Martyrdomes writes nothing disparageable to the Religion it self as he doth to that of the Jewes in Sat. 3. and 14. from whence it may with reason be inferred that because he scofs not at Christianity he reverenced it Verse 195. Aeneas Anchises his Son that when Troy was fired took his Father upon his shoulders carried him through the flames and brought him safe to Drepaâ—um a Town in Sicily where the old man dyed that in his youth begot this Pious Son upon the Goddesse Venus at the Trojan river Simois Virgil Aeneid 1. He was King of the Latins and reigned eleven years after the death of Latinus in the right of his Wife Lavinia Daughter and Heir to King Latinus and the Widow of Turnus slain by his hand Aeneid 12. Eutropius In his voyage from Troy to Italy he lost his Wife Creusa buried his Father as you heard before in Sicily but never touched upon the Coast of Africa and therefore could not have seen Dido if she had been then living After a tedious passage at Sea he landed safe with his Sonne Ascanius in Italy there conquered and settled and from him Julius Caesar derived himself Verse 196. Turnus Generall of the Rutilians in their warre against Aeneas with whom he fought single and was very angry with Juno that she would not let him stay to end the Combat See Virgil Aeneid lib. 6. Verse 197. Achilles Son to Peleus and Thetis that in his Infancy washed him in the Stygian water whereby he was made invulnerable in any part of his body but only the foot by which his Mother held him when he was dipt His Tutor was Chiron the Centaur of whom he learned Horsmanship Musick and Physick His Mother understanding by the Oracle that he should perish in the Trojan Expedition concealed him in a womans habit in the Court of King Lycomedes where he got the Kings Daughter Deidamia with child of Pyrrhus At last discovered by the subtilty of Ulysses he was drawn into the war because Troy could not be taken by the Graecians until they had the assistance of Achilles To prevent the Fate which Thetis knew him to be in danger of she prevailed with Vulcan to make him armes that were impenitrable After he had shewn much valour in the war he was in such a rage with Agamemnon for taking from him his beloved Prisoner fair Briseis that he resolved notwithstanding all the Prayers and importunities of his Countrymen never more to draw his Sword against the Trojans But hearing that Hector had slain Patroclus his fury for the death of that Friend made him forget his rage against his enemy King Agamemnon and dispensing with his solemn resolution he fought again more furiously then ever slew Hector and in his Friends revenge tyed the dead body to his Chariot and drag'd it three times about the walls of Troy at last sold it to King Priam. Finally when he
patern of modesty Cornelia Daughter to Scipio Africanus that conquered Hannibal were young men of incomparable wit and elocution but too much addicted to popularity This made them relinquish the Lords and court the People with whom to ingratiate themselves they passed the Lex Agraria for division of the publick lands between the Lords and Commons which Law though grounded upon a fundamentall Right was the firebrand to a sedition quenched in the blood of these two Brothers Tiberius being slain as he was making a Speech to the people by the hand of Publius Nassica the Pontifex Maximus and Caius when he had fortified the Capitoline Mount by the command of the Consul Opimius Plutarch in Caio Tiberio Verse 35. Milo T. Annius Milo from the Papian Family adopted by T. Annius his maternal Grand-father slew Clodius Tribune of the People that had many seditions and dangerous designes against the Republick for which reason Cicero intended to make the people favourable to the Murtherer and spake in his behalf but not that Oration which is at this day to be seen among his works and that afterwards coming to the hand of Milo then banished to Masilia where he lived in extreme want Oh sayes Milo if Cicero had spoke this I had not gathered worms in Masilia Nonn in Romanorum Historiam Verse 36. Verres Caius Verres was first Questor to Cneius Carbo then Legate and Proquestor to Cneius Dolabella both which he betrayed When Lucullus and Cotta were Consuls he was made Praetor Urbanus or Lord chief Justice of Rome and after the discharge of that office Praetor of Sicily where he exercised his authority with so much lust avarice and cruelty that the Sicilians sued him upon the Law De pecuniis repetundis to make him refund and in their favour Cicero managed the accusation against him with so much vigor and art that when Verres saw how his Patron Hortensius was over matched he withdrew into voluntary exile where after he had rested free from any further molestation for twenty six years he was by the Triumviri proscribed and slain Plin. lib. 34. The cause of his proscription was for denying to Mark Antony certain antique pieces of Corynthian plate which that Triumvir much desired Seneca saies he died like a stout man but it seeems he had lived like a thief one that robbed not one man not one City but all Sicily See Cicero in Verrinis Asconius Pedianus and Lactautius lib. 2. Verse 36. Clodius Clodius Cicero's capitall enemy made himself be adopted by a Plebeian only that he might be one of the body of the people to vote Cicero out of Rome Cicero ad Atticum lib. 1. He was an Adulterer most impudent and sacrilegious for he came to the solemnity of the Good Goddess where it was unlawfull for any man to be present in the habit of a singing-Woman Sat. 6. to meet Julius Caesar's wife Plutarch which occasioned the Julian Law that made adultery death He married his own Neece enjoyed three Sisters and corrupted Metella Daughter to the religious Pontifex Maximus that lost his eyes with zealous care to preserve the Temple of Pallas when it was on fire Sat. 3. Or he that sav'd our Pallas from the flame Verse 37. Catiline A Roman for his conspiracy against his Country made famous by the pen of Cicero Catiline's fellow Conspirators were Lentulus Cethegus Statilius Gabinius Ceparius you may read their whole Plot at large in Salust and Cicero's Orat. against Catiline Verse 38. Sylla 's three Scholars Caesar Anthony and Lepidus imitating in the beginning of their Triumvirate the bloody Roll of their Tutor in the Art of Government Sylla See Sylla in the Comment upon the first Satyr Verse 39. One lately married his own Neece This might be Claudius Caesar that after he had put to death his Empress Messalina married Agrippina his own brothers Daughter Mother to Nero the Senate dispensing with the incestuous Marriage and she lest she might bring a Coheir to her Son Nero took potions and receipts to make her part with her conceptions which deformed Embrions or Abortives could not choose but be very like her Uncle their Father for he was as the Mother of Antonius used to call him a monster of men a thing begun by nature but not finished And after the violation of the Law in this marriage with his Neece he revived the Julian Law which made adultery death not only a terrible Law to Men but that would have reached Mars and Venus too if Vulcans Counsell might have pleaded it Others to whose opinion I subscribe understand this One to be Domitian Caesar that was like wise very ugly and married his own Neece Julia here named Daughter to the delight of mankinde his noble Brother Titus forcing her to take so many drugs to prevent the danger of child-bearing that by seeking to preserve he destroyed her Verse 45. Scauran Counterfeits Aemilius Scaurus born of noble but poor parents raised himself by his elocution to the dignity of Consul He having once been so poor that he was forced to trade in Charcoal for a lively-hood In his Consulship he triumphed for his victory over the Ligurians and Cantisci when he was Censor he made the Aemilian Way and built the Aemilian Bridge He commanded his Son Scaurus for giving ground to an enemy never to come into his sight again the sense of which ignominy made so deep an impression in the bashfull youth that he slew himself Plin. But as the best interpretation of Scauran Counterfeits Salust in his Jugurthines gives this character of Aemilius Scaurus He was a person noble active factious and bold but he had the art of concealing his vices After the expiration of his Consulship when he was Consular and Prince of the Senate the House sent him Ambassador to King Jugurth to diswade him from assaulting Cirra and besieging Adherbal Verse 48. Laronia A wanton but a witty Lady that tells the sowre Philosophy-monger that Cato Major Censor by his office and his Nephew whose constancy was admired by the Romans being now in their ashes it seems a third Cato was come from heaven meaning this censorious Stoick but whilest she thus looks upon him as upon a kinde of God she takes notice that he is in something lesse then a Man for she findes that he weares a perfume and desires to know his Drugster that she might buy at the same Shop such essences being as proper for her sex as contrary to his severe profession Verse 54. The Law Scantinian Caius Scantinius being accused by Caius Marcellus for offering to force his Son a Law passed in Senate that set a Fine of 10000 H.S. upon the like attempt and the foul Offender was either to pay the whole summe or his life Verse 66. Arachne Idmon's Daughter a Lydian Maid that had the vanity to challenge the Goddess Pallas to weave with her and being disgraced by the Goddess despaired and had hanged her self but that Pallas as a monument of
Roman Nobility Verse 116. Heav'ns winged-fire The lightning watched by certain old Priests appointed for that purpose and where they imagined a thunderbolt to fall a hedge was made about the place lest the people should come upon defiled ground which they purified by sacrificing their Bidentes a pair of young Heifers and from them the place it self was called Bidental Vers. 617. Plebeian The Plebeians were the common people of Rome Verse 617. Circus the great Shew-place described in the Comment upon Sat. 3. Verse 618. Th' Ovall Tower A wooden Tower of the form of an Egge built by Agrippa for the Judges of the Circensian Games to view the course This Tower was supported with pillars carved like Dolphines before them upon a Mount stood a Courtesan drest up as Juvenal describes her that told poor women their fortunes Verse 632. Before thou break'st thy fast The Romans held it ominous and looked for a black day if they saw a Negro next their hearts in a morning Verse 634. The foul Lake The Velabrian Lake where fruitfull poor women exposed those children they were not able to maintain and Midwives took them up for rich barren Ladies that counterfeited lying-in and trepand their Husbands with these Sons of the earth that by this means inherited the greatest honours and fortunes in Rome viz. The Salian Priesthood and great Scauran name Of both which I have spoken in the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 643. Thessalian Philters Thessaly is a Country of Greece having Boeotia upon the one hand on the other Macedonia it lies to the Sea between the River Peneus and the Mountains of Thermopylae and was first called Aemonia of King Aemon Plin. lib. 4. cap. 7. There are in Thessaly 24 Mountains whereof the noblest is Olympus Palace of the Gods then Pierus the Seat of the Muses Peleus and Ossa memorable for the Giants war Pindus and Othrys inhabited by the Lapiths but neither the Mountains nor the many fair Rivers of this Region rendred it so famous as it was made by the rare Simples that grew there rare both for the use and destruction of men for medicine and poison so that not only Physitians but also Witches came thither to furnish themselves of ingredients for Philters or Love-potions It was in Thessaly where Medea gathered all those herbs which restored old Aeson to his youth Apul. lib. 1. Flor. Verse 649. Nero's Vncle. Caesar Caligula who had this surname à caligis from his military Boots which he wore set full of Pretious-stones His Wife Caesonia wrought upon his affections with such powerfull love-potions that in his dotage he would often like to the Lydian King Candaules shew her naked to his friends yet still when he kissed her neck he would say This fair neck if I please may be cut off Once in a humour he professed that he would send to be resolved by what means he was brought to that excessive dotage then Caesonia fearing to be discovered put into her Philter more of her powder of sympathy which made Caligula stark mad and turned him from a Prince to a Tyrant Verse 650. A Colt's whole front The Hippomenes a caruncula or bunch of flesh growing upon the forehead of a Colt some say the Mare eats it in her very foaling time as grudging so great a benefit to man in regard it makes him that wears it be beloved of all his acquaintance This Hippomenes snatched from the teeth of the foaling Mare and infused in wine makes the drinker enamoured of the Cup-bearer Caligula found it so Verse 653. Mushrome Claudius Caesar above all other Table-rarities loved to eat Mushromes Sat. 5. before His Wife 's came after which he ne're eat more Verse 669. Pontia Juvenal supposes that his Readers may question the truth of some crimes charged upon Ladies and take them to be stories fained for heightning of his Satyrs in imitation of Sophocles when he writ his Greek Tragedies Now my Author to clear himself quotes the Case of Pontia Daughter to P. Petronius and VVife to Vectius Bolanus that after her Husbands death poisoned the two Sonnes which she had by him that she might come with a full fortune to him that was her Servant before Nero put her Husband to bleed his last Pontia being arraigned was convicted from her own mouth confessing the fact and her inclination not only to poison her two Sons but many more if her first Husband had begot them so the words import hear Pontia confess My Sons I poyson'd Cruel Viperess What both at one meal two had I to sev'n Been Mother I had sent them all to heav'n When sentence was passed upon her after a great Supper and a Banquet she called for Musick danced a while then made her veins be cut and yet at the same time took a draught of poison for expedition See Jan. Parrasius Papin Stat. 5. Sylv. Mart. O mater qua nec Pontia deterior O mother Pontia was not worse Verse 673. Medea Daughter to Aeta King of Colchos by Queen Ipsea or as some call her Ida. When Jason with the rest of the Argonauts arrived at Colchos Medea won her Father to give them a reception in his Court Then for fear of losing her beloved Jason that attempted to carry her from many rival Princes which daily lost their lives upon the same account she taught him how to overcome all intervenient dangers by taming and yoaking the brazen-footed Bulls by charming into a dead sleep the ever-waking Dragon then killing him and stealing the Golden Fleece which he guarded This done Medea fled away with Jason carrying along her little Brother Absyrtus King Aeta pursued them and when he drew so neer that Medea and Jason gave themselves for lost to retard his march she cut in pieces the young Child her Brother and whilst her father gathered up his scattered limbs she and her Servant saved themselves by flight At last after a tedious voyage they came to Thessaly where Jason that could not move her in vain made it his suit now they were in the Worlds great Physick-garden that she would try her art upon his old decrepit Father whom she restored to his strength and youth Diogenes said that Medea was no Witch but a wise woman that by Gymnastick exercises and sweating in Stoves brought effeminate persons which had prejudiced their health by idleness to as good a habit of body as at first This made the Poets invent their Fable of her boiling of men till their old age was consumed Trusting to this example of Aeson the Daughters of his Brother Peleas were cozened into the murder of their Father Medea making them believe she would restore their Father to his youth as she had restored her Husbands Father Ov. Met. lib. 7. Lastly Jason put her away and married Creusa Daughter to Creon King of Corinth Medea mad to be thus used by the hand of her Servant presented to Creusa a rich Cabinet full of wild-fire which she opening burned her self and
Infant so pleased the Queen that as if the Gods had sent her a Child from Heaven she bred him up as her own and from the tumour of his feet which his wounds had swelled she called him Oedipus VVhen he grew to be a good big Youth and understood he was not Son to Polybius he resolved to finde out his own Father To this end he consulted the Oracle that bid him goe directly to Phocis where he should meet his Father when he came thither the Phocians were in an Uproar which Laius coming to suppress in the tumult Oedipus not knowing him to be his Father slew him Then conceiving himself to be deluded by the Oracle Oedipus being out of hope to finde his Father fell upon a new designe undertaking the Sphinx a Monster with a womans face birds wings and a dog's body This Chimaera from her fortification upon a Mountain in Thebes plundered and destroyed that Kingdome nor would Apollo promise any end to their miseries till one came that could resolve the Monster 's riddle To such a knowing person Creon King of Thebes that succeeded his Son in Law Laius offered in marriage the new Widow his Daughter Jocasta Many gallant men had died in the attempt yet that was no discouragement to Oedipus when a Kings Daughter was the prize for which his life was to be ventured To the fatall place came Oedipus and by the Sphinx was presently asked What is 't That in the morning is a four-footed creature two-footed at noon at night three-footed he answered a Man that in his infancy creeps upon hands and feet in his full strength goes upright on his leggs and in his decrepit age borrows one leg of the Carpenter walking with a staffe For grief to have her Aenigma thus unriddled the Sphinx brake her neck a fortune that Oedipus might well envy for his was far sadder to be rewarded with the marriage of his own mother Jocasta But time at last unfolded to Oedipus the Riddle of his own fortunes And when he knew that he had killed his Father and married his Mother in a rage he pluckt out his own eyes and would have killed himself but his hand was held by his Daughter Antigone that led her blinde Father out of Thebes when he was banished by Creon Senec. in Oedip. and after Seneca I doubt a Theban Tragedy writ by Faustus would hardly sell unless a rare Cryer preferred it See Stat. in Thebaid Verse 17 Asian Asian Slaves in the first edition in the second Roman Knights Verse 19. Bithynian Bithynia is a Region of the lesser Asia lying right against Thrace along the Pontick Sea for which reason Bithynia had once the name of Pontus Euseb. Afterwards a People of Thrace that were called Thynians passing over and possessing themselves of Pontus it took from them the name of Bithynia Plin. lib. 1. ca. 31. Divers other appellations this Country had but was famous by no name at all but this which my Author seems to give it viz. a Nursery of Knights of the Post it is only memorable for Hannibal that was buried at Libyssa Verse 20. Gallograecia Juvenal calls it new France the ancient name was Galatia When the Galls grew to be so populous that France could not contain them first with sword and fire they over-ran Italy took Rome and straightly besieged the Capitol but Camillus routed them and freed his own Country See the Comment upon Sat. 2. Then the Galls that like a Sea-breach had overflowed all Italy after the storm was over continued rolling and loosing on the Roman side got ground again in Greece and Macedon from thence led by their General Leonorus the Grecians joyning they passed into Asia where by consent of the King of Bithynia they planted themselves in a part of his Dominions which was afterward called Gallograecia Verse 27. Thelesine A Poet to whom as some think Juvenal writ this Satyr Verse 28. Vulcan God of fire See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 33. Ivy. Poets were crowned with Bayes Oak Parsley and Ivy. Verse 36. Boyes Peacocks praise Children are much taken with the colours and beauty of the Peacock's Plumes them they commend but they give him nothing if they can get a Peacock they will pull his feathers and take from him that which they commended In point of Vain-glory the Poet much resembles the Peacock as he is described by Ovid. de Art lib. 1. Laudatas ostendit avis Junonia pennas Si tacitus spectes illa recondit opes Praise but the Peacock and he spreads his Train Say nothing and he shuts it up again Verse 40. Terpsicore One of the Nine Muses the Inventress of Musick and Dancing In her the greatest part of man's life rejoyces Plutarch Verse 42. God Apollo Vers. 46. Maculonus One of the Peacock-praisers that accomodated the reading Poets with his house and furnished them with voices to cry them up but bestowed nothing upon them Verse 49. Pit By the Pit and Scaffolds for the People and the Orchestra for the Nobility you may cleerly see that Roman Poets read their Works upon a Stage as solemnly as our Playes are acted and their audience was as great An Instance whereof my Author here gives you in the Poet Statius To their dear Thebais the People throng And to the sound of his inchanting tongue When Statius with the promise of a day O're-joyes the Town for in so sweet a way He reads his Poem that to hear it spoke A lust affects the soul yet when he broke The Benches with strong lines Verse 68. Aonian In Aonia which is the mountanous part of Boeotia there is a Spring consecrated to the Muses from which Aonian Fountain they are called Aonides Verse 69. Pierian Caves At the foot of the Mountain Parnassus were certain Caves full of the Pierian Muses Deity according to Poeticall tradition Verse 70. Thyrsus The Spear or Javelin wrapt with Ivy which every Priestess of Bacchus carried in her hand when she sacrificed to her God crying Eu hoe as you see in the Comment upon Sat. 6. In imitation of these Javelin-bearers Horace sacrifices one of his Odes to Bacchus and begins the second Staffe with a cry like to theirs Ohe recenti mens trepidat metu Plenoque Bacchi pectore turbidùm Laetatur Ohe parce Liber Parce gravi metuende thyrso Ohe with fear my mind 's possest Fill'd with the God of Wine my breast Feels troubled joy Ohe Iäccus Drop thy fear'd Thyrsus spare me Bacchus Verse 80. Alecto That with her Snakes hissed Turnus into distraction Virg. Aeneid lib. 7. She is one of the Infernall Spirits that distract the mindes of guilty persons therefore called Erinnes by the Greeks The Furies are wicked thoughts frauds and hainous crimes of vitious men which day and night torment their consciences Cic. in Orat. pro Rosc. Verse 87. Rubren Lappa A poor but an excellent Tragick Poet therefore my Author thinks it just that he should have as considerable a Pension from the
State of Rome as the Common-wealths of Greece allowed to the Ancients for their Tragedies Then should not Rubren be necessitated to pawn his Books and Cloak to Atreus the Broker Verse 89. Numitor Another Maculonus such a one as would not stick to call a Poet friend but yet not part with a penny to keep his friend from sterving though he could spare money enough to maintain a Wench and a Lion That Juvenal meant this by some great person is apparent in the very name For Numitor was King of Alba deposed by his younger Brother Amulius who slew Lausus Son to Numitor and made his Daughter Rhea Sylvia a Vestall Nun that under pretence of a sacred Honour he might oblige her to Virginity But she was got with Child as the Romans believed by God Mars a miracle that was no point of faith at Alba. For Rhea suffered the rigor of the Law being for breach of her vow buried quick in the bank of Tiber sentence passing upon her Twins that they should be drowned in the River but they were cast a-shore and found sucking at the breasts of a VVolfe by the Shepheard Faustulus VVhen they came to be men they slew their Uncle Amulius restoring the Kingdome to their Father Numitor. Verse 95. Lucan The rich and noble Poet that writ in Heroick verse the Civill VVars between Caesar and Pompey for which Poem Nero put him to death He was born at Corduba in Spain and Nephew to Seneca that writ the Tragedies Verse 97. Bassus Saleius Bassus and Sarranus lived in Domitians time and were good Poets though poor men Verse 101. Statius Papinius Statius a Neopolitan born of noble Parents his Ancestors were Epirots his Father Papinius for his erudition and integrity was made a Citizen of Naples where he begot this Poet that writ the Tragedy of Agave the Poem called the Woods began another of Achilles and hath left us in twelve Books his Thebais here mentioned by my Author that calls it the Mistress of the people of Rome they so courted it when Statius gave notice that he would read Verse 111. Paris The handsome young Player you read of him in the Comment upon Sat. 6. in the Designe before it you see him acting to the Ladies and one of them viz. Hippia leaving him with more regret then all her other relations Regardless of her Husband's reputation The honour of her Sister House and Nation She left her crying Babes what may amaze Thee yet more she left Paris and the Playes He was when Juvenal writ this Satyr Favourite to Domitian Caesar and neither the Camerini nor the Bareae nor any other Lord in Rome so liberall to the Poets his old Masters To Statius he gave money to others the Emperor's Commissions to be Praefects Governours of Provinces or to be Tribunes Colonels of foot Little thought Juvenal when he said this that Paris would make him one of the number of his Poet-Colonels but you may see him in the head of his Regiment in the Designe before Sat. 16. Verse 106. Agave The Tragedy of Agave Daughter to Cadmus and Hermione Wife to Echion of Thebes by whom she had Pentheus that being no lover of wine and therefore a despiser of the Orgies of Bacchus when he was King of Thebes was cut in pieces by the Maenades his own Mother Agave being one of the Bacchanalian Murdresses Hor. S. l. 1. Sat. 3. Quid caput abscissum demens cùm portat Agave Gnati infoelicis sibi tum furiosa videtur What in her hand when wild Agave had Her Sons head did she think that she was mad Verse 113. Pelopea The Tragedy of Pelopea the incestuous Daughter to Thyestes She had by her Father a very lovely Boy Lest her abomination should come to light she left him to be devoured by wilde beasts but a Shepherd prevented her took home the Infant and made it the nurse-Child to a Goat from which his name of Aegisthus was derived the same Aegisthus that like the Son of such a Father lived in Adultery with Clytemnestra and assisted her in the murder of his Cosen her Husband Agamemnon as you may see in the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 114. Philomela The Tragedy of Philomela and Progne read the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 116. Proculeius A Roman Knight very bountifull to his friends and neerest kindred Horace Vivet extento Proculeius aevo Notus in fratres animi paterni May old Age Proculeius own That 's for his brothers father known Verse 116. Maecenas The Patron to Virgil and Horace On the last he bestowed whole Sabine Lordships and would have given him more if Horace had asked it which he records to all posterity in his Ode that begins Inclusam Danaën The first part of the Ode you have in the Comment upon Sat. 6. almost all the remainder concerns the bounty of Maecenas therefore I shall here joyn it to the rest concidit auguris Argivi domus ob lucrum Demersa excidio Diffidit urbium Portas vir Macedo subruit aemulos Reges muneribus munera navium Saevos illaqueant duces Crescentem sequitur cura pecuniam Majorumque fames Jure perhorrui Latè conspicuum tollere verticem Maecenas equitum decus Quanto quisque sibi plura negaverit A Diis plura feret Nil cupientium Nudus castra peto transfuga divitum Partes linquere gestio Contemptae Dominus splendidior rei Quà m si quicquid arat non piger Appulus Occultare meis dicerer horreis Magnas inter opes inops Purae rivus aquae sylváque jugerum Paucorum segetis certa fides meae Fulgentem imperio fertilis Africae Fallit sorte beatior Quanquam nec Calabrae mella ferunt apes Nec Laestrigonia Bacchus in amphora Languescit mihi nec pinguia Gallicis Crescunt vellera pascuis Importuna tamen pauperies abest Nec si plura velim tu dare deneges Contracto meliùs parva cupidine Vectigalia porrigam Quà m si Mygdoniis regnum Alyattici Campis continuem Multa petentibus Desunt multa Benè est cui deus obtulit Parca quod satis est manu The Argive Augur's house ne're shrunk Till bribes had shook it then it sunk King Philip beat down City-gates And foil'd with gifts his rivall-States Gifts Pirats tame yet with our store Our cares increase and thirst of more Noblest Maecenas to appear Too great was justly still my fear The more we to our selves deny The more the Gods give naked I With those that nothing covet joyn A Fugitive from men of coin Yet greater Lord of what I scorn Then if my Barnes held all the corn Reap't by the stiffe Appulian Boor And I were mid'st those riches poor My seed's firm faith a chrystall Flood A little quantity of Wood Is happiness He never knows That in rich Tyrian purple goes Calabrian Honey my poor Bees Yield not nor Wine on aged Lees In Laestrigonian Casks I keep No fat French Pasture feeds my Sheep And yet I feel no
that drew with perfect lines the aire of the face sweetning it with the hair and by the confession of Artists no Picture-drawer ever came neer him for giving of the last hand to a Piece Yet Timentes put him down in the drawing of Ajax but he had the better of Zeuxes For when Zeuxes had drawn a bunch of grapes so to the life that Birds flew to peck them Parrhasius painted a linnen Cloth so artificially that Zeuxes presuming no man could match his grapes proudly bid him take away the Cloth and shew him his Picture but when he found his errour he ingeniously gave Parrhasius the honour of the day for that he himself had only cozened the Birds but Parrasius had deceived an Artist Plin. lib. 35. cap. 10. Fab. lib. 12. Verse 130. Phidias A Statuary never equalled for carving in Ivory yet he was far better at making of Gods then Men Quintil. His Master-piece was the Ivory Statue of Minerva at Athens 39 cubits high in her Shield was the Battail of the Amazons and the Giants War in her Sandals the Fight between the Centaurs and the Lapiths The next to this was his Jupiter Olympius carved in one intire piece of Ivory then his Venus that stood at Rome in the Portico of Octavia Plin. l. 35. cap. 8. He made a Statue ten cubits high of Nemesis the Goddess of reward and punishment at Rhamnus a Town in Attica This Minerva as Antigonus describes her occasioned the Proverb Rhamnusia Nemesis she held in her hand the bough of an Applle-tree and in one of the folds Phidias ingraved the name of his beloved Schollar Agoracritus Parius Phidias was first a Painter and drew the Shield of Minerva at Athens Verse 130. Myron A famous Statuary especially for his Heifer a piece so carved to life that Poets have made it immortall See the Greek Epigrams and Ausonius and Propert. Verse 131. Polyclet A most incomparable Statuary See the Comment upon Sat. 3. Verse 132. Mentor An excellent Graver of Plate Plin. l. 12. c. 11. Mart. Vasaque Mentorea nobilitata manu And Vessels grav'd by Mentor's noble hand Crassus the Orator had two Goblets of Mentor's workmanship which cost him about 2500 French Crowns Plin. lib. 33. cap. 13. Verse 133. Antonius My Author having described the riches of the East before those parts were made Roman Provinces now names the Governors that inriched themselves with the spoil of those Countries wherewith they were intrusted by the State of Rome C. Antonius was banished for six years by the Censors the reason upon record was for that he had polled the Associates of Rome See Pedian and Strab. Verse 134. Dolabella Proconsul of Asia accused by M. Scaurus and condemned upon the Law de Repetundis Tacit. Verse 135. Verres Governour of Sicily accused by Cicero part of his charge was Dico te maximum pondus auri argenti c. I say thou hast exported an infinite of Gold Silver Ivory and Purple great store of Malta Vests great store of Bedding much Furniture of Delos many Corinthian Vessels a great quantity of Corn Wine and Hony Cicero presses this against him as theft but Juvenal calls it sacrilege because Verres in robbing the Associates of Rome robbed the Gods to whom the Romans ingaged for protection of their Friends and Allies See the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 141. Lares Houshold Gods Vid. the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 146. Oild Corinth A City of Achaia in the middle of the Peloponnesian Istthmus first called Ephire It was the noblest Town of Greece and standing commodiously between the Ionian and Aegaean Seas grew so potent as to hold competition with the City of Rome and so proud as to affront the Roman Embassadours and cast dirt upon them Strab. Hereupon the Senate decreed a war against the Corinthians as Violaters of the Law of Nations and sent an Army thither under the command of L. Mummius that besieged Corinth which could not prove a work of much difficulty the Inhabitants being strangely effeminate Venus was their Patroness in whose Temple two hundred Ladies of pleasure daily stood at Livery What men was this Town likely to train up but such as Juvenal describes that perfumed themselves with rich Oiles and Essences fitter to wear garlands then armes and to meet a Mistress in a bed then an Enemy in the field When Corinth was burnt by Mummius there was a confusion of rich mettals in the fire to the high advance of the Brass which ever after by way of excellence was called Corinthian Brasse Verse 146. Rhodes See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 150. Illyrian Sea-men All the coast of the Adriatick Sea from Tergestum to the Ceraunian Mountains in the Confines of Epire are inhabited by the Illyrians Pomp. Mel. Dion Alex. These had a fair opportunity to make themselves good Sea-men Verse 150. Reapers The Aegyptians a description of whose fruitfull soil and vain People I have given you at large in Pliny's Panegyrick Verse 153. Marius Marius Priscus Proconsul of Africa how he rifled the wealth of that Province and his Accusation and mock-Sentence you read in the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 160. Sibyl's Leaf I know not whether Juvenal means the ordinary leaves of the Sibyl's Books or the extraordinary Palme-tree leaves wherein Sibylla Cumaea writ down her predictions but this I am sure of he prophecies as truly as any of the Sibyls of the revolt of the Africans from the Roman Empire for the Pressures and Taxes laid upon them by their covetous Governours Verse 166. Harpy The Harpyes were Daughters to the Earth and Sea Serv. That they may enjoy their Father and Mother they dwell in Islands These winged creatures have the eares of a Bear the body of a Vulture the face of a Woman and hands with crooked tallons instead of fingers Virgil names but three of them Aello Ocypete and Caeleno which last Homer calls Podarge and sayes that of her Zephyrus begat Achilles his horses Balius and Zanthus Hesiod takes notice only of two Aello and Ocypete Appollonius numbers them like Hesiod Erythraeus observes that no more but two Harpyes are carved in an ancient Basis at Venice and there at this day to be seen in Saint Martins Church Yet others reckon three and Homer a fourth viz. Thyella In hell they were called Dogs in heaven Furies and Birds in earth Harpyes When Phineus King of Arcadia perswaded by his Wife Harpalice had put out the eyes of his Sons he himself by a judgement from heaven was struck blind and haunted by the Harpyes that with their dung spoiled all the rich dishes at his Table In the passage of the Argonauts to Colchos Phineus treated Jason that moved with indignation at the horrid sight bestowed upon the King Zethus and Calais Sons to Boreas which having wings like the Harpyes should beat them out of his Dominions They did so and chased them into the Isles of Plotae not far from Zacynthus where they were admonished by Iris in Hesiod
called Sister to the Harpyes to leave their pursuite of Joves Dogs this very word frighted the Borean Brothers and from their retreat the Isles of Plotae were afterwards called Strophades Virg. The Harpyes were bloody Plunderers and Extorters of money Sidon lib. 5. Epist. 7. They were evil women Apulei See their mythology in Coel. lib. 27. Verse 199. Bring thy birth from Picus He would be of a very ancient House that could bring down his Pedegree from Picus King of Latium Son to Saturn Father to Faunus and Grand-father to King Latinus He was a mighty skilfull Augur Circe fell in love with him but he refused her marriage and took to wife the Nymph Carmentis which so vexed the Goddess-witch that she struck him with her magicall Rod and turned him into a bird of his own name a Magpie Some think this Fiction invented from his Augury because he was the first that divining by the flight of birds made use of the Magpie Ovid. Metam 14. Verse 168. Giants The Sons of Titan that fought and beat Saturn and were defeated by Jove See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 6 Verse 161. Prometheus See the Comment upon Sat. 4. Verse 184. French Fools-hood The Santons of Aquitane neer Tholouse in France wore hoods that are by Martial called Bardocuculli Fools-hoods It seems that which in the day time was the French Fashion proved the Roman Mode at night when the young Lords ashamed to be known went to their first Debauches Verse 186. Damasippus A profuse young Nobleman that as my Author tells us was first Consul of Rome then a Chariot-Jocky afterwards a common Drunkard and at last a Stage-player Verse 199. Epona Goddess of Stables Damasippus swore by her as long as he was able to keep Race-horses and so did the Grooms of his Stable it being the Roman Custome for Servants to swear by their Masters darling-Deity Sat. 2. And by his Master 's Juno his man swears Verse 201. Tavern-Revels Or Cook-shop Revels for in Juvenal's time Cooks Shops were the Roman Taverns Verse 202. Syrophoenix A Vintner or Cook a Mungrel born betwixt Syria and Phoenicia from whence he transports the Oyles and Essences that serve his Guests when they noint after bathing and perfume their Wines Sat. 6. When Falern Wine with foamy Essence sweats Verse 207. Cyane Wife to Syrophoenix Verse 216. Painted Tavern-linnen Stained Table-clothes brought out of Syrophoenix his Country Verse 217. Armenian War Nero made war in Armenia that rebelled against him by his Lievtenant Domitius Corbulo Tacit. Verse 218. Rhene Damasippus had youth and strength but that he wanted honour to have fought for defence of the Roman Empire which extended to the River Rhene and the Istrian Flood now called the Rhiine and the Danow Verse 220. Ostium Now Hostia the next Sea-port to Rome where the Roman Fleet lay at Anchor Verse 220. Cybel's Priest You cannot wonder that he should lie dead drunk when you read the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 231. Thy Land neer Luca. Luca is a City of Tuscia so named from Lucumo King of Hetruria Strab. lib. 5. This City flourished anciently with men of great worth and valour from whom the Romans had their military Orders Verse 240. Swift Lentulus Celer or Swift was a surname of the noble house of Lentulus Verse 240. Laureol A Slave condemned to be hanged for running away from his Master This Slave was personated or acted upon the Theater by a Lord one of the Lentuli fellow-Actor to the Lord Damasippus that played a part in Catullus his Comedy called the Phantasm another of the Company was a Mamercus one of the Aemylian Family descended as aforesaid from Mamercus Son to Pythagoras My Author observes that it was the more base in these Noblemen to be Stage-players because they were Volunteers not prest men as in Nero's time for then Lords durst not refuse to act upon a Stage when the example was shewed them by their Emperor but these young Noblemen by their Prodigality brought to Want for a poor Salary offered themselves to act upon Theaters both as Players to spend their lungs and as Fencers to put their lives in the power of the People Verse 255. Thymele Latinus his pretty Wife but though her Husband presented her to Heliodorus the grand Informer that old block of which Latinus himself was a chip yet when she was courted upon the Stage by the young Mamercan Lord that acted a Love-passion some thing too naturally Latinus was so bold as to give him a sound box of the ear which would make the common people laugh more then any jeast made by Corynth the Clown that is here called Corynth the dull Fool. Verse 260. Gracchus The Gladiator mentioned Sat. 2. In the Designe before which Satyr you see him in the Circus as a Retiarius or Net-bearer flying from the Secutor or Pursuer just as Juvenal describes them here Verse 274. Seneca See the Comment upon Sat. 5. Verse 274. Nero. The Emperor Nero Schollar to Seneca but no follower of his precepts For by his wicked actions Nero changed his gallant Proper name into a base Appellative so that we call every cruel Tyrant Nero but it seems he fell back from his first course as in his time the Rivers did from theirs Plin. lib. 2. cap. 203. He grew to such a height of villany that he spared not his own family but was to his Mother brother Wife and all his neerest relations a bloody Parracide Euseb. lib. 2. cap. 24. Hist. Eccl. For which my Author intimates that Nero deserves a thousand deaths and therefore it would be too milde a Sentence that should condemn him as a single Parracide to be sowed up in a Sack with a Dog Cock Viper and Ape and cast into the Sea perhaps lest his naked body should defile the Element of water that washes out the filth from other things read Senec. lib. 5. Controv. Digest lib. 48. ad Leg. Pomp. de Parracid Coel. Rhod. lib. 21 cap. 21. Cic. pro Sext. Rosc. In the next place my Author aggravates Nero's murder of his Mother comparing it with the very same Crime committed by Orestes but not with the same intention nor seconded with the like cruelties For first Orestes took himself to have a Commission from the Gods to kill his Mother in revenge of his Father murdered by her when he had drunk hard at the Feast she made to welcome him home after his ten years absence at the siege of Troy Homer agrees with Juvenal that of the Matricide committed by Orestes Jove was Author and sent Mercury to bid Aegysthus take heed of imbruing his hands in Agamemnon's blood for if he did Orestes should revenge it upon his Mother and Aegysthus Hom. Odyss Then Nero slew his Sister in Law Antonia but Orestes did not kill his Sister Electra nor his Wife Hermione as Nero killed his VVife Poppaea nor poysoned he his neerest relations as Nero poysoned his Brother Britannicus Nor did Orestes in his
he was Generall in the Latian war dreamed the victory would fall to them whose Generall should be slain Taking this for a Revelation from the Gods he charged the enemy so far till he got that which he came for his death Whilst the Roman Army fought to fetch off his body his dream proved true for the Victory fell to them The second Decius in the Hetrurian warre devoted his life in these words Vpon my head be all the miseries that threaten my Country presently he was slain and the Romans had the day From the premisses Juvenal concludes that in the Estimate of the Gods the Decii were equall to the State of Rome because these two private persons were by commutation accepted for the whole Republik Verse 329. He. Servius Tullius Son to Oericulana a bond-woman After the murder of Tarquinius Priscus by the Sons of Ancus Martius S. Tullius was crowned King of Rome Val. He reigned 44 years Verse 331. Tarquin Tarquin the proud the seventh and last King of Rome He succeeded Servius Tullius but yet as my Author sayes Servius was the last good King of Rome If he had been as fortunate as good he had never married this Tarquin to his Daughter Tullia that with his Pride joyned her Cruelty and exercised it by his hand upon her Father only that she might be Queen a little before her time But Tarquin was a great Souldier He conquered the Latines and the Sabines He took Suessa from the Hetrusci Gabii was delivered to him by his Son Sextus that fled into the Town pretending himself an Enimy to his Father He first instituted the Latine Feriae When he built the Capitol in diging for the foundation the workmen found a man's head the Soothsayers being asked what it signified answered a Tower built upon that foundation should be the head of the world At last when his Son Sextus had ravished Lucrece I. Brutus that fearing his Tyranny had long counterfeited madness appeared like himself headed the Romans against Tarquin He fled to Porsenna King of Hetruria To re-establish him Porsenna made war against the Romans but in vain Liv. Plut. Yet Tarquin once had almost recovered his Crown for Titus and Tiberius the Sons of Junius Brutus undertook to deliver up a Gate of Rome to Sextus Tarquin but they were discovered by Vindicius a Slave for which discovery he was made a Freeman afterwards the Rod laid upon the head of a Slave when they manumitted or made him free was called Vindicta But Titus and Tiberius were for this offence put to death by their Father like Slaves being first whipt and then beheaded In the war made by King Porsenna in favour of the Tarquins Horatius Cocles stood him and his whole Army till the Bridge over Tiber was broken then although he had an Arrow in his thigh he took the River and swam safely to the Roman Host Liv. lib 2. Afterwards at the election of Magistrates one jeering him with his lame leg he answered Every one remembers me of my honour It was likewise in this war that Mutius Scaevola having sworn to kill Porsenna then lying with his forces before the City of Rome by mistake slew his Secretary and being brought before the King when he saw his error for anger that his Country was not delivered of Porsenna by his hand he cut it off Liv. ibid. Lastly in this very war Claelia with divers other Ladies the greatest beauties of Rome were given to Porsenna for Hostages but she freed her self and all her Company For Claelia pretending some Religious Ceremonies were to be performed by washing in the River Tiber made the Keepers in modesty stand at distance till the Ladies following her swam to the Romans whose Dominions at that time reached no further then the River That Claelia went not on foot to the water side may be collected from the Statue on horse-back which the Romans set up in honour of her courage in the Via sacra Verse 239. Thersites Homer with great reason calls him of all the besiegers of Troy the ugliest he was so both in body and mind read his description Iliad lib. 2. For his foul mouth Achilles gave him a box on the ear which silenced the Rogue for ever Verse 340. Achilles See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 344. Asylum Rome was first an Asylum or Sanctuary for all kinds of Rogues and the Founder of it Romulus was a Shepherd or Juvenal is very loath to goe further if he should in reference to the murder of Remus he must call Romulus Parracide The ninth Designe MAy 1 Juvenal believe his eyes is this A real or mock-Metomorphosis Spruce 2 Naevolus her Ladiship 's Gallant His Lordship's Droll the Wit come now to Want Where 's all thy jeasts thy self thou might'st propose If thou could'st speak which would be through the nose Where 's thy new Gown where is the Jesemin Which all that head of hair was butter'd in I little thought to meet thee alter'd thus Thou look'st pale like the Ghost of Naevolus And witther'd as a Witch with such a beard Vpon thy chin where not a hair appear'd But with a plaster it was straight pluckt off Thou hast got likewise a consumptive cough Is all the strength old women so cry'd up Shrunk into this smal Vrn thy Cawdle-cup There 's 3 Isis worship't at her Temple-Gate On their old Mistresses those 4 Beggers wait That once as high in Female favour stood As ever thou hast done their limbs as good And end in thy decrepitness they must A Cripple still speaks th' Epilogue to Lust. Figura Nona NUm credes oculis Juvenalis 1 vera figura est An metamorphosi quâdam se lumina fallunt Deliciae ne mihi Dominarum Naevolus 2 olim Obvius it Procerúmque sales Morio Romae Quà m tristis veste vultu si venajocandi Aruerit possis vel te proponere ludum Per nasi vitium nisi vox malè mulceat aurem Quò toga amice nitens tibi quò defluxit amomum Quod solet horrentem sylvam illinire comarum Non sic mutato sperabam occurrere palles Vmbra velut spectrum non Naevolus Ipse vidêris Canidiam rugâ mentiris indice barbâ Quam nupèr suetus fuerat convellere dropax Vnde aegri veteris tibi facta domestica tussis An tot matronis jactata probatáque virtus Langueat in juris miserè conclusa patellam Isidis aspicias 3 Fanum quo turpia pangunt Foedera truncatum 4 cernas ibi Cypridis agmen Emeritúmque suis quondam hi placuêre Puellis Quaeque tuo par horum inerat quoque gratia nervo Nec diversa manent te certò Naevole fata Clauditur in Veneris Ludis scena ultima manco The Manners of Men. THE NINTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT A Dialogue the Poet frames Where poor lewd Naevolus declames That nothing now th' Vnchaste bestow But poyson when they jealous grow For fear whereof he silence prayes But stones will tell
must needs be improsperous After some crosses at Sea he was cast by a storm upon the coast of Sicily where with twelve of his men he entred the Den of Polyphemus and when that Cyclops had devoured six of them Vlysses burning out his eye as aforesaid he and the rest wrapped in Ram-skins escaped Then landing in Aeolia Aeolus gave him a Wind in a bag but when it had carried him within ken of Ithaca his Mates taking it to be a bag of Gold opened it and the VVind that came out drive him back again into Aeolia From thence he passed to the Laestrygons or Canibals that eat men and so to Circe that transformed his men into beasts but Mercury gave him a counter-spell and confiding in the virtue of it he boldly came up to Circe drew his sword and forced her to restore his Mates to their own shapes Then captivated with Circe's beauty he staid with her a whole year and had by her a Son named Telegonus Hesiod affirmes that she brought him other two Arius and Latinus At last with much unwillingness she dismissed him After performance of certain ceremonies he went down into Elysium and there from the mouth of his Mother Anticlea and from Elpenor and the blind Prophet Teresias was instructed in future events Returning again into this world and to his Mistress Circe he gave the rites of buriall to the body of Elpenor that in his drink had fallen from a Ladder and broke his neck Afterwards he sailed by the Isle of the Syrens and for fear their sweet singing might inchant his men he appointed them to stop their ears with wax and commanded that he himself should be tyed to the main Mast So with much difficulty passing the Straights of Scylla and Charybdis that set their Barking Dogs upon him he arrived in Sicily where Phaethusa and Lampetia Daughters to Phoebus kept their Fathers Flocks which he charged his men not to meddle with But whilst he slept his Mates compelled by hunger and perswaded by Eurylochus killed a great sort of the sheep for which they paid their lives in a wrack at Sea not a man in the Ship escaping but only Vlysses that bestrid a Mast and was by the winde and waves for nine dayes together tossed to and fro at length being cast upon the Isle of Ogygia the Nymph Calypso gave him kinde reception seven years he staid with her in which time she had two Sons by him Nausithous and Nausinous Hesiod Into Ogygia Jupiter sent Mercury to tell the Goddess Calypso that she must no longer detain Vlysses Once again he put to Sea but when he was in sight of Corcyra inhabited by the Phaeacks Neptune raised a storm that split his Ship and he had perished if Leucothoe in pitty had not helped him to a Plank which he held by till he came safe to shoar in one of the Phaeack Havens There he hid his nakedness amongst the bushes but was found out and cloathed by Nausica Daughter to Alcinous King of that Island where by the artifice of Pallas he was brought to Queen Arete that gave him a Ship manned for service The Master landed him in Ithaca and not being able to wake him according to his Commission laid a great deal of treasure by him and left him in a dead sleep but Pallas quickly roused him and put him into a beggers habit In that pickle he came to his Neat-herds and found his Son Telemachus amongst them In this disguise he was brought to his house by his Hogherd Eumaeus where after many affronts put upon him by his Wife 's impudent Suiters his Nurse Euriclea knew him Lastly his Son Telemachus and two of his Neat-heards assisting he fell upon the pretenders to Penelope slew them all and then discovered himself to her But forewarned by the Oracle that his Son should kill him he resolved to leave his Court and lurk in the Woods mean time Telegonus his Son by Circe desirous to see his Father made a voyage to Ithaca but being a stranger to the Servants of Vlysses most uncivilly they would have shut the gates against him and his followers that disputed their entrance in the tumult by meer chance Telegonus shot his Father with a poisoned arrow dipt in the blood of the Fish Trygon The tenth Designe HEar pray'rs return'd in the Pantheon made Wealth 1 Plutus 2 send me for what hast thou pray'd Fool for thy death with Gemmes thy 3 Golden-cup Shall sparkle but with poison be fill'd up O 4 Jove I would be great 5 Sejanus thou To awe the World shalt bend the second brow Till Rome that fear'd thy 6 Statues laugh to see Them drag'd as Traytors through the Streets with thee I would be eloquent sweet 7 Pallas so Thou shalt to admiration 8 Cicero But dear this pray'd-for eloquence shall cost When for thy tongue thy hand 9 and head is lost For Conquest Spoil and Triumph 01 Mars I kneel The arme of 11 Caesar the whole World shall feel And he what every noble soul abhorres The bloody hands of base 12 Conspirators Of 13 Time I beg long life Had Pompey dy'd A young man how had he been glorify'd Now in perfidious Aegypt he lyes dead His aged 14 body sever'd from his head Make 15 this a Beauty 16 Venus Fair and Chast Shall 17 Lucrece be but yet by Rape disgrac't Figura Decima AUdi vota Deos quà m perniciosa fatigant Ô mihi fundat 1 opes Plutus 2 delire quid optas Splendidius fatum flammas imitante Pyropo Aureus extrà ardet Crater 3 intúsque veneno Jupiter 4 esse velim magnus Sejane 5 secundum Ferre supercilium Te fassus contremit orbis Mox cultae genibus Statuae 6 calcantur uncis Cum Domino lacerae debent ludibria vulgo Fac me facundum Pallas 7 prece diva movetur Eloquio pleni moderatur frena theatri Tullius 8 at magno venît Facundia solam Ob linguam rostris affixa capútque 9 manúsque Da spolia pompam rogo te Gradive 10 triumphi Ad sua devictos deducit flagra Quirites Caesar 11 at in medio quod mens generosior horret In conjurantûm medio cadit Ipse 12 senatu Da multos Saturne 13 dies juvenilibus annis Pompeius salvos inter cecidisset honores Nunc jacet Aegypti pudor sine marmore Magnus Truncatus 14 collum Titulis Senióque verendum Nata 15 sit haec formosa 16 Venus Lucretia 17 pulcra es Castáque at invitam Te laedit crimine Raptor The Manners of Men. THE TENTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT For Wealth Power Eloquence success In Warre Long-life and Handsomness We pray which if the Gods bestow Our ruine to our prayers we owe. What then befits us to receive We to the Powers divine must leave And shunning riot wisely live This blessing we our selves may give IN all th' earth from Cales Westward to the streams Of Ganges gilded with the morning beams To few men Good and
the rest of the Conspirators innumerable Prodigies in the aire and earth portending his untimely end Plut. in Caes. Brut. Flor. Appian lib. 20. Oros. lib. 6. cap. 17. Eutr lib. 6. His spirits were so vigorous that he used to write read dictate and hear all at one time Of his so great concerns he would dictate to four Secretaries at once if he had no other business to seven He fought 50 battails and was the only man that went beyond M. Marcellus that fought 39. Besides those slain in his civill victories a hundred fourscore and twelve thousand men fell by his sword His mercy was such as that he conquered all men even to repentance of their enmity His magnanimity is unparalleld when he took Pompey's Cabinet of Letters at Pharsalia and Scipio's at Thapsus he opened not any one Letter but most nobly with the faith due to secrets burned them all Plin. lib. cap. 25. Verse 131. Ceres Son in Law Pluto Son to Saturn and Ops Brother to Jupiter and Neptune In their division of Saturn's Kingdome Pluto that was the youngest and called Agesilaus had the Western part lying along the coast of the Mare inferum the low Sea Jupiter had the Eastern Dominions Neptune the Islands This to the Poets hinted their fabulous invention that Jupiter was Lord of the Heavens Neptune of the Seas and Pluto of the infernall Regions The name of Pluto is derived 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from riches because all our riches comes from below being digged out of the bowels of the earth For the same reason the Latines called him Dis. Cic. 2. de Nat. Deor. He stole away Proserpine Daughter to Ceres Claud. de Rap. Proserp Verse 133. Tully M. Tullius Cicero Read the Comment upon Sat. 7. His murder as aforesaid was comprehended in the agreement between the Triumviri C. Caesar Antony and Lepidus accordingly an Officer to Marc. Antony against whom Cicero writ his Philippicks executed him cutting off his head and nayling his hands to the Pulpit for Orations O Antoni rapuisti vitam c. O Marc. Anthony thou hast ravished a Life that would have been more unworthy of Cicero under thy reign then Death could be under thy Triumvirate But the glory of his Actions and Orations thou hast been so far from taking away as thou hast added to it That lives and shall live in the memory of all ages And whilst or by Chance or Providence or any way this joynted frame of Nature which almost he alone of all the Romans penetrated with his spirit fathomed with his wit and illuminated with his elocution shall hold together it shall draw along his fame as Time's inseparable companion And all posterity shall admire his writings against thee and execrate thy cruelty to him and sooner shall Mankind perish from the earth then his praise should fall to the ground Vell. Paterc Verse 135. Penny-Pallas At the celebration of the Quinquatrua or five dayes feast of Minerva Goddess of Eloquence the School-boyes whose learning had but cost a Penny prayed that Pallas would make them as eloquent as Tully or Demosthenes the two greatest Orators of the Greeks and Latines Verse 140 A Duller If Tyranny was never exercised upon a Dull Laweyr a heavy headed Poet will not be in danger of his life therefore sayes Juvenal I Pray The Lady Muses that I rather may The Author of ridic'lous Poems be Second divine Philippick then of thee Verse 147. Athenian wonder Demosthenes Son to a Cutler of Athens His Father left him young and rich but his Guardian cozened him almost of all the poor remainder would hardly pay for his schooling The designe of his Studies was to make himself an Orator but by a naturall infirmity he was not able to pronounce the letter r which he helped as he walked upon the Sea coast with gathering Pebbles held in his mouth whilst he repeated his Orations Thus his own and his Tutors Art made him the best Speaker that ever declamed in Athens But he spake so much in defence of the liberty of Greece against King Philip of Macedon plotting their subjection that for his Philippicks in imitation whereof the Orations writ against Marc. Antony that invaded the Liberties of Rome were called Philippicks by Cicero he was banished by the Athenians But after Philip's death the Sentence was repealed Alexander now dead and Greece being governed by Antipater Demosthenes that saw his Country could not protect him took sanctuarie in the Isle of Calauria sacred to Neptune Thither Archias the Mimick was sent by Antipater to court him out of Sanctuary and to engage for Antipater that he would not any way trouble him Demosthenes answered That he never liked Archias when he was a Player but much worse since he played the Embassadour then Archias in plain terms threatned to pull him out by the ears So said Demosthenes now thou hast unmasked the Macedonian Oracle before thou wert a Player in a Vizzard stay but a while till I write a word or two to my friends and I am for thee Then as if he meant to dispatch his Letters he laid his paper before him and putting a quill to his mouth sucked up the poyson which for that purpose he still carried about him See Suid. Verse 165. Wild-figtree Which growing under the strongest walls breaks them asunder Mart. Marmora Messallae scindit caprificus Messalla's Marbles the wild-figtree cuts Verse 167. Hannibal See the Comment upon Sat. 7. Here Juvenal touches his ambitious nature not contented to have enlarged the Carthaginian Empire as far as the Atlantick Sea that bounds Africa to the North and likewise as far as the River Nilus where it terminates to the East but that to his Lybian Elephants and Aethiopians he added Spain and designed the conquest of Italy which he had almost brought about in despight of nature that barricaded him by land with the Pyrenaean Mountains which divide Spain from France and with the Alps that divide France from Italy But over the Alps he marched though he lost one of his eyes in the Snow and though he was forced to make his way through the rocks with fire and vineger so Livie and Sil. Italicus affirme and for the Roman History I hold their authorities much better then the Judgement of Polybius that sayes the fire and vineger was a Fable Verse 178. Suburra See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 3. Verse 179. One ey'd To have seen Hannibal with his one eye in a march how he looked when he was upon the back of his Getulian Elephant I believe would have startled the courage of a Roman Verse 191. The Youth Alexander the Great Son to Philip King of Macedon by his Queen Olympias though she would not own so mean a Father for her Child but gave out that a God begot him and that she conceived in thunder by a flash of lightning the night before King Philip married her After marriage Philip dreamed that he sealed up his Wife's womb
that had breasts hanging down and young ones sucking them some again that were old bald and impotent Verse 233. Cossus One that laid out his money in the Shambles upon the best Fish and Foul which he presented to rich childless persons in hope the venture would bring him in a fortune when their Wills were proved therefore the older they were the better for his purpose Verse 245. Seleucus The best Lutenist in Juvenal's time Verse 255. Oppia A notorious common Slut in my Authors dayes but afterwards so unknown that his Transcribers instead of Oppia put Hippia an Adultress often mentioned in his Satyrs but never charged with multiplicity of Servants as Oppia is Verse 256. Themison A Greek Physitian whose authority is quoted by Galen He was Schollar to Empedocles Plin. lib. 29. cap. 1. but that he was a bad practicer you may take my Author's word Verse 257. Basil A Governour of a Province to be put upon the same thievish File with M. Priscus Verres Tutor Capito Pansa Natta Antonius and Dolabella Verse 258. Hirrus A Guardian that by cheating of poor Orphans came to a great fortune and lived in no little state as you have him described without a name Sat. 1. What rage inflames me when the People 's prest With Crouds attending him that dispossest The Orphane now a Prostitute Verse 259. Maura One of the beastly Prophaners of Chastities old Altar Sat. 6. Verse 260. Hamillus Really such a Tutor as Socrates was falsely reported to be by the Leather-dresser Anytus Melitus the Orator and Lycon the Poet. Verse 272. Fasting A high expression of a Mother's love that feeds her young ones even when she her self is hungry Verse 278. Phiale A Curtezan that was Mistress of her Art Verse 289. King Nestor Son to Neleus and Chloris Hom. Odyss lib. 2. born at Pilos a City standing upon the Laconick Sea Strab. lib. 7. In his Fathers life time he commanded in chief against the Epeans of Peloponnesus afterwards called Elians Plin. lib. 4. cap. 1. At the Wedding of Pirithous he fought on his part against the Centaurs that would have stole away the Bride At the Siege of Troy he was grown very old yet with fifty sayle of Ships he joyned himself to the rest of the Greek Princes when he had lived to the third Age of Man as he himself tells us in Ovid Metamorph. lib. 12. How many years make three Ages is not agreed on by Interpreters Xenophon sayes the Aegyptians and from them the East reckoned an Age to be thirty years then was Nestor but ninty years of age and had only counted thirty years upon a finger when he began to tell upon his right hand But if Juvenal had thought him but ninty which thousands were then and are now he would not have referred us to the faith and authority of Homer neither would he have added that Nestor lived neerest to the Crow or Raven that lives nine ages of man at least if we believe Hesiod quoted by Plin. lib. 7. cap. 48. Therefore I take it for granted that in my Authors account Nestor was 300 years old and having told 280 upon his left hand by twenty years a joynt had begun the other twenty upon his right hand Nor had he lost any part of his long time as appears by his experience and wisdome being so great that Agamemnon said he should quickly take Troy if he had but ten Nestors to his prudence he had such a rare elocution that his words were said to flow sweeter then honey He had seven Sons and one Daughter by Eurydice Daughter to Clyminus Verse 297. Antilochus Eldest Son to Nestor and Eurydice He attended his Father to the Siege of Troy and was there slain by Memnon Son to Tython and Aurora Hom. When the body of this gallant Youth was burned his Father could not but complain that he had lived too long to see it Verse 302. He The Father of Vlysses but who that was whether Laertes or Sysiphus Juvenal had no mind to determine See the Comment upon Sat. 9. Verse 303. Priam Son to Laomedon When Troy was taken and slighted by Hercules he and his Sister Hesione were carried Prisoners into Greece from whence he was ransomed and returning built up Troy made it a much fairer City and extended the limits of his Kingdome so farre that he was in a manner Emperor of all Asia He married Hecuba Daughter to Cisseus King of Thrace and had by her seventeen Sonnes one of which number was Paris that to finde out his Sister Hesione made a voyage into Greece and there stole away Helen Wife to Menelaus which was cause of the League entred into by the Grecian Princes and of their ten years Siege of Troy in which time he saw almost all these Sons and 33 more slain by the Enemy for he had in all 50 Sons Cic. Tuscul. 1. Lastly after Troy was taken he himself was slain by Pyrrhus Sonne to Achilles at the Altar of Hircaean Jupiter where Juvenal sayes that he Fell like an Oxe in his old age despis'd And by th' ingratefull Plough-man sacrific'd Verse 304. Assaracus Son to Tros King of Troy Brother to Ganymed Father to Capys the Father of Anchises Ovid. and great Uncle to Priam as appears in this Pedegree Jupiter the second Dardanus Erichthonius Tros Ganymed Assaracus Ilus Laomedon Priam. Verse 306. With all his Brothers That were 49. Hom. Virg. Cic. All these Sons and base Sons to Priam with their Brother and sovereign Lord Hector in case that Priam had died before the Trojan war would have carried his Corps to the funerall Pile according to the custome of the Antients and reckoned in the number of human felicities an instance whereof we have in Q. Metellus For besides his high honours and surname of Macedonian when his body was carried to be burned the Bearers were his four Sons one being Praetor and the other three Consular persons two of the three having triumphed and the third being then Censor Plin. lib. 7. cap. 44. Verse 307. Cassandra first Cassandra was one of Priam's 12. Daughters a Prophetess and therefore Juvenal sayes her tears would have been shed first for the funerall of her Father which she might have foreseen though no body would have believed her a fortune that attended her predictions For when she foretold the danger of the Trojan Horse and cryed out against the receiving of it within the walls no credit at all was given to her words by her own Country-men and therefore it was no marvel Agamemnon believed her not when she was his Prisoner and bid him take heed of a plot upon him by his Wife but he then looked upon her as a mad-woman Afterwards both he and Cassandra perished in the plot laid and executed by Clytemnestra and Aegisthus See the Comment upon Sat. 1. This slighting of Cassandra's Prophecies made the old Poets tell the story of Apollo that had so high a passion for her he bid her ask whatsoever she
ancient City of Aegypt built as some say by Bacchus as others affirm by Busyris and once so called Diodor. Cic. and Herodot that sayes it was in compass a hundred and fourty furlongs and therefore named Hecatompylos Verse 7. Long-tail'd Monkey A kind of Monkey which the Aegyptians worshipped for a God This Monkey the Cercopithecus had a black head and hair upon all the rest of the body like Asses hair Plin. lib. 8. cap. 21. Verse 9. The Hound Anubis Son to Isis and Osiris He gave the Hound for his Armes or the impress of his Shield and therefore was adored in the shape of a Hound This made Aegypt so superstitious that if a Dog dyed in any house the whole family shaved themselves which was their greatest expression of mourning But Juvenal derides them that worship the Hound and not the Goddess of hunting Diana Of terrestriall creatures the Aegyptians in generall only worshipped three the Bull or Cow the Dog and Cat. Of water-animals two the Lepidot and Oxyrinth Strab. Some particular places as the Saitae and Thebans adored Sheep the Latopolitanes the broad Fish the Lycopolitanes the Wolf Kid and Goat the Mendesians the Mouse and the Athribites the Spider Strab. lib. 17. Verse 11. A Leek or Onion Wherein they conceived there must needs be a Divinity because they crost the influences of the Moon decreasing when she increased and growing when she wained Plin. Verse 15. Sheep The Aegyptian Priests eat only Veal and Goose but altogether abstained from Lamb and Mutton Diodor. lib. 2. Verse 18. Alcinous King of the Phaeacks whose Daughter Nausicae found Vlysses amongst the bushes as in the end of the Comment upon Sat. 9. and brought him to her father where at Supper he discoursed his voyage and told how Polyphemus and Antiphates eat up his Mates which inhumane crueltie in my Author's opinion must needs be thought so incredible and ridiculous a lie to the soberer sort of Phaeacks that he wonders some of them killed him not for abusing them with impossibilities viz. that men should eat men all the rest of his Mandevilian adventures as that Scylla and Carybdis set their Dogs at him That the Cyan rocks on either side of the Thracian Bosphorus met and joyned together That Neptune gave him bladders filled with wind that Circe turned his men into Hogs he thinks might be easier believed or past by as pardonable fictions But that one man should kill and eat another what sober man can credit Verse 30. Corcyraean wine The excellent strong wine of Corcyra anciently Phaeacia Plin. now Corfu and so called by Cicero Famil Epist. 9. Verse 33. Junius To prove the matter of fact in this sad relation as if he were to prove a Law he names the Consul Junius Sabinus Collegue with Domitian Caesar at the time when his Minion Paris the Player got a Commission for Juvenal to have a Regiment of Foot at Pentapolis in Aegypt where that barbarous crueltie was acted Verse 34. Coptus A Metropolitan City of Aegypt Ptol. Plut. Strab. a Haven common to the Aegyptians and Arabians inclining towards the red Sea neer to the Emerald-Mines Over this Town the Sun at noon day is almost in his verticall point Verse 37. Pyrrha Wife to Deucalion See the Comment upon Sat. 1. From her time Juvenal bids us summe up all Tragick Examples as that of Atreus feasting his brother Thyestes with his own Sons Medea killing her Children Orestes his Mother as aforesaid and we shall finde no parallel to this bloody banquet For those horrid crimes were only committed by single persons this by the joynt consent of a multitude Verse 39. Immortal hatred Religion is a religando from binding the minds of men in the strictest of all bonds and undoubtedly diversity of Religion makes the saddest difference between man and man Upon this maxim the wisest of the Kings of Aegypt grounded his policy for assigning severall Gods to the severall People of his Kingdome that so they might never agree amongst themselves to rebell against their Prince Diodor. Verse 40. Tentyrites The Inhabitants of the City of Tentyris or Tentyra in Aegypt Plin. Ptol. Strab. Steph. They hate the Crocodile and are terrible to him as in his precedent description The Deity they worship is the Ibis a bird that kills the Crocodile as aforesaid Verse 40. Ombites Ombus or Ombri a Town in Aegypt Ptol. that adored the Crocodile By the description of John Leo. it seems to be that which is now Chana Undoubtedly the Transcriber of Juvenal when he should have writ adhuc Ombos writ the c twice over and made it adhuc Combos Abra. Ortel which mistake together with an infinite number of grosser errours is rectified in the Louvre-copie followed by me in this Edition Verse 51. Know I. This knowledge of the Author makes very much for the Argument of his next and last Satyr writ when he was banished into Aegypt under the name of an honourable Commander a Colonel of Foot Verse 52. Lew'd Canopus Of the infinite Lewdness of this Town See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 55. Poor unguents So their wine were generous the Ombites cared not what poor unguents they made use of which in other parts of Aegypt were most pretious Plin. Verse 56. Negro-Pipers The Towns of Ombus and Tentyris were upon the borders of Arabia and common to the Arabian Aethiops some of which were the Pipers at this lamentable feast of the Ombites Verse 73. Ajax or Turnus Men of more strength then any were in Juvenal's time as appears by the weight of the stones which they lifted and threw at their enemies Ajax in his combat with Hector Iliad 6. 7. Diomedes in his combat with Aeneas Iliad lib. 6. that had the luck on 't for Turnus likewise struck him down with a stone Aeneid lib. 12. Nec plura effatus saxum circumspicit ingens Without more words he spies a mighty stone Hom. ibid. sayes that Diomedes took up such a weight as in his time fourteen young men could hardly wag Verse 77. Homer The most incomparable Greek Poet. He flourished eightscore years before Rome was built Cor. Nep. He was blind and therefore surnamed Homer for so the Ionians call a blind man that wants a guide being formerly known by the name of Melesigenes as born neer to the River Meles which runs by the walls of Smyrna Philost and Strab. The place of his nativity is made doubtfull by many Cities every one of them claiming him for a Native after his death whereas in his life time none of all these Towns would relieve his wants or own him The Colophonians say he was a Citizen of theirs the Chians challenge him the Salaminians will have him the Smyrnians so far avow him that in their City they have dedicated a Temple to him many other Cities clash and contend about him Cic. in his Orat. pro Poet. Archia He writ two Works one of the Trojan war which he calls his Ilias the other
it appears Gave to us Men because she gave us tears I. JAnus 207. why he shared the Government with Saturn ib. he builds Janiculum ib. coins money ib. why his Figure had two faces 208. a Temple dedicated to him ib. why called Patuleius and Clusius ib. Janus Ogyges and Chaos are the same ib. Jasius K. of Argos 147 Jason steals the Golden-Fleece 18 Jasper 143 Iberina 193 Ibis described 502 Icarus Son to Daedalus 26. his imprisonment ib. drowned in the Sea 27. which was a Sea of Astrologicall Notions 94 Ida a Mountain 444. memorable for Jove's concealment ib. for the Golden Ball ib. for the taking up of Ganymede to Heaven ibid. Illyrians good Seamen 298 Inclusam Danaen an Ode of Horace 188.250.251 Ingenuus 141 Ino Wife to Athamas 18 Io vid. Isis. Iobates Father to Sthenoboea 382 Iphigenia Sister to Orestes 16. why she was brought to be sacrificed ib. how she escaped ib. Priestess of Diana's bloody Rites in Taurica ib. knows her Brother at the Altar and saves his life ibid. Isaeus a smooth-tongued Orator 98 Tutor to Demosthenes ibid. Isis conceived to be a cause of diseases 446. her Fable 211. her marriage to Osiris and the change of her name from Io ib. her deification and the reason of it ib. where her Temple stood in Rome ib. what use it was put to ib. why it maintained a Company of Picture-drawers 421 Istrian-Flood vid. Danow Julian Law vid. Law Julius Caesar's Wife met by Clodius habited like a Singing-woman 57 Julius Caesar vid. C. Julius Caesar. Julius Tutor robs the Cilicians 294 Junius Celsus 20◠Junius Sabinus 504 Juno 190. what her intermarriage with her brother signifies ib. why her Sacrifices were milk-white 420 Jupiter 187. his fable ib. moralized ib. the power of his Gold 188. why Jove was called Tarpeian 190 Ivy used at common weddings 192 Ixion Father to Pirithous by his Wife 18. Father to the Centaurs by the Cloud ibid. Sentences in I. Fol. 5. verse 60. What 's the hurt rich Infamy can doe Fol. 11. verse 194. Th' Informer catches the least word that slips K. KNight a Romane dignitie 30. how made ibid. Sentences in K. Fol. 394. verse 33. From Heaven came Know thy self Fol. 236. ver 203. All men would know none for their Knowledge pay L LAbyrinth contrived by Daedalus 26 Lacerta Domitian Caesar's Coachman 253 Lachesis the Destiny that spinns the thread of life 94 Ladas foot-man to Alexander the Great 440 how nimble ibid. his Statue erected for his victorie in the Olympick games ib. Lake Velabrian 217 Lamus 207 Lar the houshold God 185 his Temple Incense and Altar ib. paralleld with the Dog by Ovid ib. Larga 475 Laronia a witty wanton 58 Lateranus vid. Plautius Lateranus Latine way full of dead men's monuments 35. why so called and how formerly ib. Latinus an informing Player 24. presents his wife to the grand-Informer 4. put to death for a Pander 25. his Chest 190 Latona 380 Laurell used at marriages of great persons 193 Laureol 301 Law against Adulteresses 27 Law Julian 57 Law against Parricide how executed 450 Law Scantinian 59 Law Theatrall 101 Law of three Children 324 Leeks and Onions worshipped by the Aegyptians 503. the reason ibid. Lenas a Legacy-monger 146 Lentulus one of Catiline's conspiracy 57. his Family surnamed the Swift 301 Lepida perswades her Daughter Messalina to kill herself 385 Lepidus vid. M. Aemilius Lepidus Lerna 203. why the Greek Proverb A Lerna of evils ibid. Lesbia Mistress to Catullus 186 Libertine 181 Libitina the funerall Goddess 425. why some think her to be Venus ib. Licinus a Freedman 30. Governour of Gaule ib. where he gets a mass of treasure ib. Lictor the Officer of death attending the Consul Praetor 29. his rods and axe ib. Ligurian Stones 105 Liparen Islands seaven 17. their names ib. called Ephesian and Vulcanian Isles 444 Locusta poisons Britanicus 28 Longinus vid. C. Cassius Longinus Luca 301 Lucan 248 Lucilius the first Latin Satyrist 21. his Country ib. where he dyed and who was at the charge of his funerall ib. L. Appius 207 L. Fonteius Capito Consul with C. Vipsanius 442. the time when the thirteenth Satyr was writ ib. L. Metellus Pontifex Max. 101. how he lost his eyes ib. his triumph ib. L. Roscius Otho 101 L. Virginus Father to Virginia 381. his expression when he slew his Daughter ib. Lucrece 380. the manner of her Rape ib. she kills her self ib. her revenge ib. her Husbands Inscription upon her Monument ib. 381. her Epitaph ib. Lucrine Rocks 127 Lupercalia Games in honour of God Pan 65. why so called ib. the time and manner of the solemnity ib. Luperci 65 Lura Rutila an ugly old woman 382 Lycisca 197 Lyde's salve-box 64 Lysias the Orator 452 Sentences in L. Fol. 40. verse 56. Loose livers are fast friends Fol. 163. ver 232. On man's life never was too long delay Fol. 234. ver 174. Purple and Violet Robes a Lawyer sell. Fol. 318. ver 157. this fair flow'r goes swiftly to decay Poor wretched short Life's short portion hasts away Whil'st we drink noint wench and put Garlands on Old age steals on us never thought upon Fol. 333. verse 37. laughter's easie any may deride Fol. 519. verse 58. Within the Lawyers lists the fight is slow Fol. 166. ver 305. Long peace undoes us lust then warre more fierce Revenges now the conquer'd Vniverse M. MAcedo adored in the figure of a Wolfe 214 Machaera 242 Moecenas a great Patron to Poets 28. a Voluptuary ib. his bounty to Horace 250.251.252.253 Maenades the Priestesses of Bacchus 205. the time place and manner of their Sacrifice ib. Bacchus named Evoeus from their cries ibid. Maenades Priapêan the Ladies that sacrificed to the Good-Goddess when Clodius met Caesar's Wife 205 Maeotis 120. sacrificeth every tenth stranger 510 Maevia a Gladiatress fights with a wilde Boar 21 Maculonus 246 Malta 203. what commodities it affords ib. held by the expulsed Knights of Rhodes now called Knights of Malta ibid. Mamurius the Workman that made the eleven Shields 64 Mango 409 Manilia 200. her Plea to her Accusation 201 Marcellus kills the Generall of the Gauls 67. takes the City of Syracusa ib. his honours ib. why he built the Temple of Jupiter Capitoline 408. his death 67 M. Crassus proud of his wealth 360. his victory over the servile Army ib. For which he weares Laurell instead of Myrtle ib. his third part in the triumvirate 361. why he made warre upon the Parthians ib. his miserable death with the losse of his whole Army ibid. M. Aemilius Lepidus forbids his funerall pomp 202 M. Fabius Quintilian a Spaniard 194. Governour to Domitian's Nephews ib. Tutor to Juvenal ib. his judgment of M. Varro 210 M. Tullius Cicero meanly born 261. his high merits ib. his unworthy end ib. stiled Father of his Country 305. his fame and his murderer's infamy recorded 365 Marius Priscus Proconsul of Africa 25. fined and banished ibid. Mars how he roared 447. his
and Atropos the Daughters of Erebus and Night The first bore the Distaffe the second spun the Thread and the third when it came to the determined end cut it off Apuleius thinks the ternary number of the Destinies or Parcae to be derived from the number of three points of time that the Flax wound about the Distaffe signifies the time past the Thread in spinning the time present and that which is not twisted the time to come The old Latins called these three Sisters Nona Decima and Morta Verse 36. Arturius and Catulus These two from poor beginnings had raised themselves to great Estates and Offices and made use of their wealth and authority to ingross all good Bargains and to monopolize all beneficiall places and employments even to those of the Scavenger and Gold-finder Verse 40. Spear At Auctions or publick sales of mens goods part whereof was their Slaves the Romans ever stuck up a Spear to give notice to the Town Cic. Phil. and when they came in there was upon the place an Affix posted up which contained a Particular of the parcels to be sold with their several prices Sig. de Jud. Under the Spear sate the Cryer asking who giveth most and by him an Officer some Arturius or Catulus for Voucher Verse 43. Revers'd Thumbs At any Sword-play either in the Circus or upon Theaters it was in the power of the People to make the Gladiators or Fencers fight it out and die upon the place or to discharge them and likewise to restore them to their liberty lost by the baseness of their calling for the present and if they pleased for ever The first was done by bowing down their Thumbs the second as by these words appears with turning up their Thumbs the third by giving them a Rod or Wand called Rudis the last by bestowing Caps upon them Qui insigniori cuique homicidae Leonem poscit idem Gladiatori atroci petat Rudem Pileum praemium conferat He that will have a notorious Murderer exposed to the Lyons even he will give to the bloody Gladiator a Rudis and reward him with a Cap Tertul. de Spect. cap. 21. Verse 54. Toads Entrails The skilfullest Aruspex that ever divined by Toads Entrails was Locusta much imployed in that service by Agrippina and by the Son of her vitious Nature Nero. Verse 65. Dark Tagus Tagus is a River of Lusitania rolling golden sands Plin. by which my Author conceives the stream to be darkned Neer to this Spanish River if we credit Pliny Mares are hors'd by the West-winde and foale Ginnets infinite Fleet but their time of life is swifter for they never live to above three years old Verse 71. Greek Town Rome where Graecians that were Johns of all Trades and could do every thing to please the humour of a Roman carried away the men like ships with a breath and where the very women affected and spake the Greek tongue Sat. 6. old Woman fie let Girls doe so Wilt thou fourscore and six be Greekish chast Greek is not when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thou say'st Life soul and fool'st thy husband in a crowd With words for which thy Sheets were late a shrowd Verse 73. Orontes A River of Caelesyria that springs up not farre from Mount Lebanon and the City of Seleucia Pieria where it sinks under ground and riseth again in the Apemene Territorie running by Antioch and falling into the Sea neer Seleucia It was called Orontes by his name that first made a Bridge over it for before they called it Tryphon Strab. Verse 76. Circus The great Shew-place at Rome neer to that part of Mount Aventine where the Temple of Diana stood Tarquinius Priscus built Galleries about it where the Senators and People of Rome to the number of a hundred and fifty thousand might see the running of great Horses at Lists Fireworks Tumbling and baiting or chasing of wilde Beasts In after Ages there was likewise to be seen Prizes played by the Fencers or Gladiators and in Vaults underneath it stood women that would prostitute their bodies for money Rosin Antiq. and as you may see in this Satyr And hackney-Sluts that in the Circus stand Verse 79 Our nointed Clown The meanest sort of Roman Fencers had their necks nointed with an artificiall Clay made of oyle and earth and so that they were able to compass such a nointing with a Trechedipna or a poor Poste-Gown in which they might runne to the Sportula either to get a share in the hundred farthings or in the Clients plain Supper their ambition was satisfied But the Greek Peasants though farre meaner as subject to these scorned such low thoughts aiming to recover that by cozenage which they had lost by fighting with the Romans Verse 81. Andros An Island in the Aegaean Sea being the principall of the Cyclades where there is a Spring whose water every year upon the fifth day of January tastes like wine Plin. lib. 2. Samos is an Island in the Icarian Sea right against Ionia Ptolomy Amydon a City of Paeonia or Macedonia that gave assistance to the Trojans Alaband a City in Caria Plin. Ptol. infamous for effeminate men and impudent singing women only famous for the birth of Appolonius the Rhetor. Trallis a Town of Caria in the Lesser Asia Plin. lib. 5. Sicyon an Island in the Aegean Sea opposite to Epidaurum very high and eminent Plin. From this Isle Minerva was called Sicyonia because Epopaeus there built a Temple to her for his victory against the Boeotians Verse 83. Mount Esquiline The seven hills that Rome stood upon were the Palatine the Quirinal the Aventine the Caelian the Esquiline the Tarpeian or Capitoline and the Viminall the last being so called from the VVickers or Oziers growing upon it Verse 88. Isaeus The fluent Orator whose Scholar Demosthenes was Verse 96. At Athens born Daedalus that put off his VVings at Cumae as before Verse 100. Syrian Figs Syrian Figs Sea-coal and the Grecians came in with one wind and for one purpose viz. to be sold in the Market at Rome Verse 102. Sabine Olives Olives growing in the narrow but long Country of the ancient Sabines which reached from Tyber as farre as the Vestines and was bulwarkt on both sides by the Apennine Mountains Plin. Verse 106. Antaeus A Giant begot by Neptune upon the Earth sixty four cubits high He spent his youth in Libya at the Town of Lixus afterwards called the Palace of Antaeus Ever when he found himself weary or over-toyled he recovered his strength and spirits by touching of the Earth his Mother and therefore Hercules when they two wrastled together held him up in the aire that the earth should not refresh him The great Roman Souldier Sertorius at Tygaena a town of Libya digged up the Sepulcher of Antaeus and found his body Plutarch Verse 111. Doris A Sea Nymph Daughter to Oceanus and Thetis and VVife to her Brother Nereus by whom she had an infinite number of Children Sea-Nymphs
that from their Fathers name were called Nereides Her Picture was alwayes drawn naked and so it seems the Greek Players acted her Verse 112. Thais A famous Curtesan born in Alexandria that setting up for her self at Athens drew the custome of all the noble Youth of that learned City She was rarely charactered by Menander the Poet in a Comedy which probably was acted in Rome by the rare Greek Comedians Demetrius Antiochus Stratocles and Haemus Verse 137. Gymnasium is here taken for any Room wherein the Greek Philosophers read to their Roman Pupills Verse 139. Bareas Bareas Soranus was impeached of high Treason by his Friend and Tutor P. Egnatius that took upon him the gravity of the Stoicks in his habit and discourse to express the Image of an honest Exercise Tacit. but the Informer was paid in his own coyn for he that impiously and basely had murdered his Scholar in Nero's time was himself in the reign of Vespasian condemned and executed upon the information of Musonius Rufus Dio Tacit. Verse 142. A feather fell In Cilicia P. Egnatius was born at a Town as lying as himself for there as their History sayes Bellerophon's Horse Pegasus having stumbled in the aire and sprained his Fetlock dropt a feather from his heel and ever since the Town was called Tarsus Verse 144. Erimantus Erimantus Protogenes and Diphilus were Greeks which the Great men of Rome trusted with the government of their Children Verse 158. Lictor See Praetor Sat. 1. whose Officer the Lictor was Verse 156. Modia Modia and Albina were rich Ladies that had not any Children of their own and therefore the Roman Lords courted them in as servil a manner as the Lords were attended by their Clients Sat. 5. Trebius oblig'd has that for which he must Break 's sleep and run ungarter'd and untrust For fear lest his saluting rivals may Have fill'd the Ring by dawning of the day Or at the time when the Seven-stars doe roll Their cold and sluggish Wain about the Pole Verse 160. The Tribune I conceive this Tribune to be the Militarie Tribune that commanded in chief with Consular power not one of those six that had every of them a thousand men in a Legion consisting of six thousand Verse 161. Catiena Catiena Calvina and Chio were rich Curtezans too dear for the Common sort of Romans for mean people were hardly able to pay their Sedan-men or Chair-bearers Verse 166. Cybel's Host. Scipio Nasica whom the Senate judged to be the best man and therefore when Cybele Mother of the Gods was first brought to Rome with advice from the Oracle that she should be entertained by the best man they voted her to be lodged in his House When he found himself inauspiciously named for Consull by Gracchus he resigned his Authority When he was Censor he made the Consulls Statues be pulled down which had been set up in the Forum by every mans ambition When he discharged the Office of Consull he took the City of Deiminium in Dalmatia His Army put upon him the name of Imperator and the Senate decreed him a Triumph but he refused both He was very eloquent very learned in the Law and with an excellent wit a most wise man and in the esteem of all Rome worthy his noble Ancestors the two Africani He left not money enough to pay for his Funerall expenses therefore they were defraied by the People and in every street through which the body past they strewed flowers Plin. lib. 22. cap. 3. Verse 166. Numa See the beginning of the Comment upon this Satyr Verse 167. He that sav'd our Pallas L. Metellus the Pontifex Maximus before mentioned that when the Temple of Vesta was burned down rescued from the flame the Palladium or wooden Image of Pallas brought from Troy But his piety had a very sad success for venturing too desperately into the fire he lost both his eyes Plin. lib. 7. cap. 44. This Metellus in the first Punick VVarre for his victories over the Carthaginians had a most glorious triumph for he led through Rome thirteen great Commanders of the Enemie and sixscore Elephants Verse 174. Samothracians Samothracia or Samothrace is an Island in the Aegaean Sea neer to that part of Thrace where the River Hebrus falls into the Sea Stephan It was anciently called Dardania from Dardanus the Trojan that is reported to have fled thither with the Palladium but the first name of this Island was Leucosia Aristot. in his Republick of Samothracia The Gods worshiped by these Islanders were Jupiter Juno Pallas c. from the Samothracians brought to the Romans whose peculiar Deities were Mars and Romulus Verse 188. Vain Otho L. Roscius Otho when he was Tribune passed a Theatrall Law wherein he distinguished the Roman Knights from the Common people assigning fourteen Benches in the Theater only for the Knights that is for such as had an Estate worth four hundred Sestertia being about three thousand one hundred twenty five pound of our money by which Law they that were not worth so much incurred a penalty if they presumed to sit upon any of those Benches Cic. Philip. 2. See likewise his Orat. for Muraen Verse 191. Aediles The Romans had three sorts of Aediles The first they called Aediles Curules from the Chariot they rid in these were chosen out of the Senate Pilet in lib. 2. Cic. epist. fam 10. and had in charge the repairing both of Temples and private Houses The second sort were Aediles Plebeii chosen out of the People and these came into Office when the Curules went out they ruling several years by turns Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 4. c. 4. these were impowred together with their charge of Temples and private Dwellings to punish the falsifying of Weights and Measures to look to the publick Conduits and to make provision for Festivall Playes The third sort were Clerks of the Market looking to the Corn and Victuals sold in publick Alex. ibid. these were the Aediles Cerealis in ordinary the extraordinaries were the Annonae praefecti Rosin Antiq. l. 7. c. 38. Verse 198. Marsians The Marsians were a poor but stout People of Italy Neighbours to the Samnits descended from Marsus Sonne to the Witch Circe Men that with their spittle cured such as were bitten by Vipers Plin. Verse 199. Sabellian Food Such pitifull poor meat as served the Sabellians which inhabited that part of Italy lying upon the Mountains betwixt the Marsians and the Sabines They were conquered by M. Curius the Dictator Their ancient name was Samnites Stephan lib. 3. cap. 12. Verse 206. The pale gaping thing The vizarded Fool in the Play Verse 215. What giv'st thou To the Lord Cossus his Chamber-keepers to let thee in Verse 216. Veiento Fabricius Veiento a Lord of the Senate how proud he was of his honour and excessive wealth may be gathered from hence poor men not being able to get so much as the favour of a look from him unless they bought it of his Servants how politick a Courtier