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A94143 Calamus mensurans the measuring reed. Or, The standard of time. Containing an exact computation of the yeares of the world, from the creation thereof, to the time of the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans. Stating also, and clearing the hid mysteries of Daniels 70. weekes, and other prophecies, the time of Herods reigne; the birth, baptisme and Passion of our Saviour, with other passages never yet extant in our English tongue. In two parts. / By John Swan. Swan, John, d. 1671. 1653 (1653) Wing S6235; Thomason E706_4; ESTC R203659 246,136 350

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his stealing away of Jupiters Fire by it is meant either that he first taught to strike Fire with a Flint or else that his knowledge reached to the very Starres For he was a great Astronomer and did thereupon ascend to the Mount Caucasus where 9with a restlesse desire he used to search out the natures motions and influences of the heavenly bodies His Brother was also a great Astronomer from whence arose that Fable of his supporting Heaven with his Shoulders Phorbas succeeded Criasus and reigned after him thirty five yeares This King Phorbas in the thirteenth yeare of his reigne tooke Rhodes and cleared it from venemous Beasts with which the Country had been infected for which he and his Wife were deified after their deaths as Strabo and Eusebius tell us Triopas succeeded Phorbas and reigned after him forty six yeares Next after Triopas was Crolopus whose time of reigne was twenty one yeares In his dayes as Eusebius mentioneth out of Tatianus was Phaetous burning and Deucalions Flood to which the account of Varro well agreeth who saith that the Flood of Deucalion was in the dayes of Cranaus the second King of Athens who as I shall afterward shew you was contemporary to this King Crotopus Next after Crotopus was Stethnelas he reigned eleven yeares and was the ninth King of Argos Gelanor being about to succeed him is expulsed by Danaus who being driven out of Egypt by his Brother arriveth in Greece and there gets the Kingdome of Argos in which he reigned 50. yeares For when he was driven out of Egypt he came as I said into Greece among the Argives and being come among them he contended with Gelanor about the Kingdome in which contention the People were to umpire And when much was said on both sides Danaus seemed to speake as good reason as the other whereupon they could not determine untill the next day And on the next day a Wolfe comes hurling into the Pasture where he begins a fight with the chiefe Bull of the Kings Heard which when the People saw they attended the issue and finding that the Wolfe had the hap to kill the Bull they gave the judgement on Danaus his side For as the Wolfe is a stranger to Man so was Danaus to them but because the Wolfe overcame Danaus must reigne and Gelanor be expulsed This was 382. yeares after this Kingdome of Argos first began And note that this King was the first that digged Wels in Argos who also because of the Wolfe that seemed to predict his good Fortune built and dedicated a Temple to Apollo Lycius Finally he was slain by his Sonne in Law Lynceus who reigned after him one and forty yeares the Story of which is as followeth This Danaus of whom we speake ruled first in Egypt nine yeares for his brother Sethosis otherwise called Aegyptus in which time it was told him by the Oracle that he should one day be slaine by a man who should be his Sonne in law For feare of which Prediction he refused to marry his daughters and would not thereupon give them to the Sonnes of his Brother although his Brother did earnestly desire it For which denyall together with other things wherein he had by his misrule offended his Brother Aegyptus his said Brother expelled him out of Egypt by force and comming as hath been said into Argos was received there as King in the stead of Gelanor Thither did Aegyptus send his Sonnes after him with command either to marry his daughters or to kill him Which charge they pursued so well that they forced him to condiscend that they should enjoy them yet so that he gave to every Daughter privately a Sword with charge to kill their Husbands All of them executed his will except Hypemnestra who discovered the Plot to Lynceus her Husband and thereupon he saved himselfe by flight Now this disobedience caused Danaus to arraign his Daughter but she was acquit by the Argives howbeit her Father would not release her but kept her still in prison After this Lynceus returned from Egypt with so ces slew Danaus released his Wife Hypemnestra and possessed her Fathers Kingdome which as I said before he held for the space of 41 yeares The lives of the other Sisters were spared for Hypemnestra's sake but imbarked in a Ship without Pilot Mast or Saile and so committed to the mercy of the Sea where for a time floating up and downe they are at the last as I find in some Authors cast upon the Isle of Albion which was then inhabited by Gyants who on them begat Children of their owne proportion And for all this Master Isaackson quotes Justin Pausanias Higinus Virgil. Next after Lynceus was the reigne of Abas he was the Father of Praetus and Acrisius and reigned 23. yeares Of him the Argive Kings were called Abantiadae Proetas succeeded Abas and reigned 17. yeares His three Daughters called the Proetides were so extreamly proud of their owne beauties that they fell mad and were cured by Melampus with Hellebour which ever since hath been called Melampodium He had the one of them given him for his cure and was married to her And of this man Melampus it is further said that he understood the notes of Birds and the voice of Beasts as Pausanias writeth Acrisius the last King of Argos succeeded Proetus and reigned after him 31. yeares He was accidentally slaine by his Grandchild Perseus the Sonne of his Daughter Danae who thereupon forsooke this Country of Argos and founded this Kingdome at Mycenae For we are to know that Acrisius had a daughter called Danae whom he sequestered to a Tower and there kept her private because the Oracle had told him that her sonne should kill him Now Jupiter hearing of the same of her beauty and finding no meanes to come to her descended as is said into her lap through the roofe of the Tower in a shower of Gold and had thereby the opportunity to get her with childe By which is meant that he corrupted her keepers with gold and thereupon had liberty to worke his will At last she was delivered of a sonne even of this sonne Perseus which when Acrisius her Father came to know he forthwith caused her and the childe to be inclosed in a Chest and cast into the Sea The Chest was driven upon the coast of Apulia and taken up by Fishermen who finding her and the childe in it presented them to Pylumnus the King to whom she was married Perseus after this being growne to be a man did many valiant exploits and comming into Argos where he practised the throwing of the quoit did by mischance braine his Grand-father Acrisius with one of them and so ended the Kingdome of Argos For when Perseus saw what he had done he translated the Kingdome from thence to Mycenae Some say that this accident happened whilst he indeavoured to shew his Grandfather the invention of the Discus or Leaden ball for whilst Acrisius was more curious to see what was
then Abraham For at the destruction of Sodome Abraham being then * At which time Abrahams body was said to be dead but was revived by the power of God not onely for the generation of Isaac but for further procreation as appeareth Gen. 25. 99 years old when the daughters of Lot lay with their Father they said of him that he was an old man Set then the birth of Abraham before Harans and how can any of these things be Beside the time from the Flood to Terah's seventieth year was too short to have the world so full of People and Kingdomes as it was in Abrahams time Hist of the World lib. 2. page 190. For in Abrahams time and long before as it is excellently observed by Sir Walter Raleigh all the then known parts of the World were peopled All regions and countries had their Kings Egypt had many magnificent Cities and so also had Palestine and all the bordring Countries yea and all that part of the World beside as farre as India And those not built with sticks but of hewen stones and defended with wals and Rampires Which magnificence needed a Parent of more Antiquity then they have supposed who place the birth of Abraham so near the Flood as Terah's seventieth year For that time even in reason is not sufficient being * It was no more then 292 lesse then 300 years All therefore considered doe make me conclude that Abraham undoubtedly was borne when Terah was 130 years old For though some frivilous objections may be made to the contrary yet it is in vaine to object against such testimonies and proofes as will passe for current any where but among the Singular and inconsiderate who are rather willing to wrangle for the upholding of their opinions then to yeeld or give over from what they first tooke up to be true For as there be some who love to keep to that which best fits their fancy so there be others who think it a discredit to let goe what they at first maintained SECT III. Of the third Period from the Promise at Abrahams departing out of Haran to the comming of the Israelites out of Egypt that it was a Period of four hundred and thirty years THis is proved by texts and testimonies out of Scripture For first Saint Paul saith expresly That the Law began * There were some odd moneths more But the Apostle leaveth out the moneths as an imperfect number 430 years after the Promise Galat. 3.17 Which that it was the same promise of Christ that Abraham had in Gen. 12. is manifest by what the same Apostle said before at the eighth verse viz. That in thee shall all the Nations of the Earth be sed agreeing therein to Moses Gen. 12.3 Now this directeth to the right reckoning but is not altogether so precise as that which we have in Exod. 12.40 For there we may perceive that the precise and exact ending of these years was not on the day that the Law was given but on the day that the Israelites came away out of Egypt The words of which Text be these And the sojourning of the Children of Israel whereby they sojourned in Egypt 30 years and 400 years which speech is altogether Elliptica oratio or a defectve speech and is thus to be supplyed namely And the sojourning of the Children of Israel whereby they sojourned in Egypt was to the end of 430 years Not that they were in Egypt so long but that they were a sojourning Nation so long the beginning whereof was in the dayes of Abraham at the time when he received the Promise as by that of the Apostle before mentioned may be seen The word Sojourning therefore here used by Moses hath relation to that time of the Promise when Abraham left his Fathers house and became a sojourner in a strange Land even the Land which God had promised to shew him and which he afterwards gave to him to be possessed by his posterity in the fourth generation after him Gen. 15.16 And now that these years are precisely and exactly so many and no more appeareth by what followeth in the next verse viz. Exod. 12.41 wherein it is said That when the 430 years were finished even on the same day all the hosts of the Lord went out from the Land of Egypt They therefore that begin this reckoning at Jacobs going thither are deceived For first Koath was one who went when Jacob went Gen. 46.11 His son was Amram Exod. 6.18.20 and Amrams son was Moses Num. 26.59 Wherefore seeing Koath was the enterer and Moses the departer the time from thence could not extend to 430 yeares for Koath lived but 133 years Exod. 6.18 Amram but 137 vers 20. and Moses was but 80 at the departure Exod. 77. All which added together make but 350. and yet some of those years must be deducted because they were not born one at the just end of anothers life but lived some while the father and the son together which deduction being made the years remaining will be yet fewer and want still more of 430. Secondly Jochabed was the mother of Moses and immediate daughter of Levi born to him in Egypt as it is Num. 26.59 Take then for a tryall the age of Moses at the departure which was * Exod. 7.7 80 years and the whole age of Levi was * Exod. 6.16 137. years and add them together so shall you have 217. Unto which number must be added 213 for the age of Jochabed or else there cannot be 430. But that this should thus hang together is impossible for Levi was born 43 years before he came into Egypt and living but 137 in all there can be but 94 taken from him and but 80 from Moses which added together make but 174. Now then supposing that the abode in Egypt from Jacobs going thither was fully 430 years it must needs be that Jochabed lived 256 years although her age be accounted but from the day of her fathers death unto the day of her sons birth But to say there is likelyhood in this were extreme madnesse For who thinks it probable that a woman in those dayes could be 256 years and yet bear a childe or that a Kings daughter would make choyce of one so old to be her Nurse Beside this womans age must be yet longer for it is not like that she was born just at her fathers death neither is it true that she dyed at her sons birth because she was chosen by Pharaoh's daughter to be his Nurse And as for Levi to prove that he was 43 years old as hath been mentioned this is well known viz. that Joseph was but four years younger then he and when Iosephs brethren came into Egypt Ioseph then was but 39 years old Levi therefore must needs be 43 at the same time because four and 39 make 43 and not live his whole time after the descending of Iacob thither Se Gen. 41.46 and compare it with Gen.
farther even into the Land of Assyria and there he built Niniveh with three Cities more For this we are to note that the Scripture names not Ashur who came of Sem to be the mighty Hunter but Nimrod who was the Son of Cush and the Grandchild of Cham. The margent therefore of our last Translation doth not without cause point us to that reading which at the first I mentioned agreeing therin to learned Junius Willet and a great many more of good note whom upon necessity I am bound now to follow unlesse I will acquit Nimrod of that brand which the Scripture layes upon him and by following a wrong translation lay it without other warrant upon another This I may not do and therefore I look upon Nimrod still as the great and mighty Hunter who was the first that hunted out of one Country into another to inlarge his dominions This he began to doe eight yeares after the confusion of Tongues viz. in the yeare of the Julian Period 2530. when the yeare of the World was 1821. And why I place Nimrods going into Assyria his building of Niniveh and laying the foundation of a Kingdome there in this yeare is because it must be about one thousand yeares before the destruction of Troy as Diodorus Siculus hath told us lib. 2. cap. 6. Now Troy as we know was destroyed in the year of the Julian Period 3530. at which time as he also saith Tautanes reigned in Assyria Tautanes and not Semiramis for she was rather in the Patriarch Abrahams time when as Josephus saith the Assyrians had the Empire of Asia Howbeit some have accounted otherwise the ground of which mistake I do beleeve arose first from hence and came to be embraced both because there were more Zoroasters then one and also because there was another Semiramis later then she that reigned next after Ninus the grandchild of Nimrod One of the Zoroasters was but six hundred yeares before Xerxes the Persian went with his huge Army into Greece as Xanthus Lydius mentioned by Diogenes Laertius hath told us another long before and was that King of the Bactrians with whom King Ninus waged warre as Diodorus and Justin out of Trogus testifie And as for Semiramis the first was the daughter of Derceto begotten on her by an unknown man the other was the daughter of the second Belochus King of Assyria many years after Ninus And therefore whereas Porphyrius alledgeth out of Sanchoniato that Semiramis was not long after the dayes of Moses it must be understood of the latter and not of the first Semiramis for the latter indeed began to flourish with her Father not above 15. years after the death of Moses as by warrantable computation appeareth but the former was a long time before But to returne again to Nimrod he as I said began to lay the foundation of the Assyrian Kingdome in the yeare of the Julian Period 2530. from whence it continued without any great alteration till the year of the Julian Period 3893. in which year Sardanapalus came to his end through the conspiracy that Arbaces and Belesis made against him For when they saw how he retired himselfe from his Nobles and betooke him to spin and dally with his Curtizans they then rise up in Arms against him and doe at last drive him to sacrifice himselfe with his Wealth nd Wenches to Vulcan in a great pile of Wood set on fire that in it he might dye with all his Delights about him in which onely thing saith Justin he shewed himselfe a man This time of his death was 1238. yeares after Ninus began as in Eusebius may be seene by gathering into one summe the particular years of the Kings that reigned here And as it was 1238 years after Ninus before whom Belus next after Nimrod reigned sixty five years So was it 1363. yeares from the time that Nimrod came out of Shinar and founded first this Kingdome here Herodotus I know fals far short of these numbers but is followed by none of the Ancients neither Ctesias Trogus Pompeius Diodorus Siculus Velleius Paterculus Josephus Eusebius nor Augustine Ctesias I confesse reckons 1360. from Ninus to the death of Sardanapalus but it had been better and in a manner right if he had reckoned from the time aforesaid when Nimrod went into Assyria built Niniveh and laid the foundation of this Kingdome there for in reckoning so I can find but three years difference between him and my selfe Trogus or Justin out of him reckons no more then 1300. leaving out perhaps the sixty three odde years and speakes onely of the round or even number but begins as Ctesias before him from Ninus instead of beginning from the time when Niniveh was first founded Or rather he accounts 1300. from Ninus to the time aforesaid instead of accounting them from Belus the Father of Ninus for from Belus to the end of Sardanapalus were but three yeares more as will afterwards better appeare Diodore in the end of his second book saith that this Kingdome continued more then 1400. yeares which is also true if we account from the time that Nimrod who also founded this Kingdome began to reigne at Babylon for from thence hither were 1411. yeares Velleius helpeth nothing for the beginning but much for the ending for by him we gather that this Kingdome ended not many more then sixty five years before the building of Rome which upon a precise account was just sixty nine befor Romulus laid the foundation thereof Eusebeus without question had seene all these but sought not thus narrowly into the ground of their difference howbeit he might and did perceive they all aimed at this to make Ninus the Establisher of the Assyrian Kingdome At him therefore he begins his Chronology and finds according to the testimony aforesaid that in the Temple of the Trojan warre and when Troy was taken Tautanes reigned in Assyria This T●utanes saith Diodorus sent aid to Priamus in the time of the Trojan Warre viz. one thousand Ethiopians and as many Susians with two hundred Chariots and made Memnon a Duke of Persia Generall over them This Memnon did good service but was slaine by the treason of the Thessalians Diod. lib. 2. cap. 6. Moreover Eusebius by some Testimony sure that he had seen dates the time of Sardanapalus by the reignes of Ariphron and Tespieus Archons of Athens namely that in one of them he began to reigne and in the other he lost his life when Arbaces and Belesis rose up against him I reckon therefore that Belus who was the next King after Nimrod began his reigne in the year of the Julian Period 2590. and reigned as Eusebius and Augustine say sixty five yeares He was a man of a more contenting disposition then his Father and imployed himselfe most in drayning the Fennes about Babylon and carrying of the water from the low grounds to make the Country the more useful which pleasing government of his was so gratefull to his Subjects as that they