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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A52346	An embassy from the East-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham, Emperor of China deliver'd by their excellencies, Peter de Goyer and Jacob de Keyzer, at his imperial city of Peking : wherein the cities, towns, villages, ports, rivers, &c. in their passages from Canton to Peking are ingeniously describ'd / by Mr. John Nieuhoff ... ; also an epistle of Father John Adams their antagonist, concerning the whole negotiation ; with an appendix of several remarks taken out of Father Athanasius Kircher ; English'd, and set forth with their several sculptures, by John Ogilby Esq. ...; Gezantschap der Neerlandtsche Oost-Indische Compagnie aan den grooten Tartarischen Cham, den tegenwoordigen keizer van China. English	Nieuhof, Johannes, 1618-1672.; Goyer, Pieter de.; Keizer, Jacob de.; Kircher, Athanasius, 1602-1680. China monumentis. Selections. English.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Schall von Bell, Johann Adam, 1592?-1666.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.	1673 (1673)	Wing N1153; ESTC R3880	438,428	416

Furlong in length over which is the direct Road to Fokien and has several good Inns upon it for the Entertainment of Passengers Bridges or Sluces IN the Province of Xensi over the River Guei lies three Sluces namely one Easterly the second in the middle the third towards the West all of them built very strong with many great and very high Arches of square Stone curiously adorn'd and carv'd with divers sorts of Images as Lions Dragons and the like In the Province of Queicheu in the fourth Chief City Ganxin are three Sluces of great bigness but the third call'd Tiensing that is to say the natural Sluce is well nigh a thousand Rod long In the same Province near to the City Hanchung is a most admirable piece of Work so great a Master-piece in its kind that the like thereof is hardly to be found in the World whose Description I will give you as follows Between this and the Chief City the Way was formerly altogether unpassable and the Inhabitants were constrain'd to fetch a great compass round by reason of the high and rough Hills and steep Passages sometimes necessitated to travel toward the East to the Frontiers of the Province of Honan and then again to turn towards the North so that they went at least two thousand Furlongs whereas the direct Way over the Mountains was not much more than five hundred wherefore at the end of the Race of Cina when Licupangus made War with Hiangyus for the Empire all these steep Hills and Vales were levell'd by order of Changleangus the General of Licupangus to make his Army with the more ease to pursue the flying Enemy And certainly with great and incredible labor and industry was this stupendious Work effected in which he employ'd no less than his whole Army with at least a hundred thousand Men more by whose Labor a Way was at last perfected through the same On both sides of the Way are Walls made out of these Mountains so high that part thereof toucheth the very Clouds and thereby obscures the Passages in some places In others he caus'd Planks to be laid to serve as Bridges to pass over from one Mountain to another on purpose to shorten the Way which is generally so broad that four may ride abreast and has Conveniences enough to accommodate Passengers And lest the People should by chance receive any mischief as they pass over the Bridges both the sides thereof are Rail'd in from one end to another In the same Province near to the City Chegan is a Bridge call'd Fi reaching from one Mountain to another and having but one single Arch which is six hundred Foot long and near seven hundred Foot high through which the Yellow River runs It was three years in building and is call'd by the People The Flying Bridge In the Province of Honan in the City Queite lies a Sluce made of four-square Stone over the Mere or Lake call'd Nan. In the Province of Huquang near to the City Chyangang is another Sluce of Stone having several Arches erected by King Guei In the Province of Kiangsi in the little City of Gangin there is a Bridge worthy to be spoken of and call'd The Bridge of Obedience and Subjection the Story of it goes thus A Daughter of rich Parents Married a Husband who soon after died and in regard it is held in China a great dishonor to honest Women to Marry the second time she went and liv'd with her Father and Mother that by the enjoyment of their Company she might the better and more easily forget the loss of her Husband but not long after her Father and Mother hapned to die by whose loss being left comfortless she upon serious debate within her self laid out her Estate upon building of this Bridge which stands upon several Arches and when she had finish'd it being yet troubled in her thoughts she came early one Morning to take a view of the Structure which having done and imagining her Memory would be Eterniz'd thereby she flung her self headlong into the River where she was drown'd In the same Province in the City of Cancheu where the River Chang and Can meet in one is a very long Bridge built upon a hundred and thirty Boats fastned to one another with Chains upon which lie the Planks and Timber that compile the Bridge one or two of which Boats are so contriv'd and order'd that they easily remove to open or shut and so make passage for Vessels at pleasure after they have paid their Toll for the receipt whereof there stands a Toll-house at the foot of the Bridge In the Province of Chekiang near the fifth Chief City Xinhoa from the top of the Mountain Fanguien is a very large Bridge made over a Vale which is so stupendious a Work that it fills all People with great admiration that ever saw it In the same Province in the City Luki is a Bridge consisting of Stone Pillars and Woodden Planks which is a hundred Rod in length In the Province of Fokien in the Chief City Focheu is a very stately Sluce of a hundred and fifty Rod long and half a Rod broad built over an Inlet of the Sea of yellow and white Stone with a hundred very lofty Arches adorn'd and beautifi'd with Sculpture of Lions and other Creatures The like lies near to the City Focing and according to the relation of the Chineses is a hundred and eighty Rod long In the second Chief City Civencheu may be seen a stately Bridge call'd Loyang the like whereof is hardly to be seen in the whole World whose Description a certain Chinese Historian gives after this manner Near to the City Burrolilicum says he lies over the River Loyang the Bridge by some call'd also Loyang but by others Vangang The Governor of the City nam'd Cayang caus'd this Bridge to be made which is three hundred sixty Rod long and half a Rod broad Before the erecting thereof People were Ferried over in Boats but in regard every year several Boats were cast away by foul Weather the Governor for the preservation and safety of the Inhabitants resolv'd to build this Bridge which he did of black● Stone it rests not upon Arches but has at least three hundred large Pedestals or Columns of Stone made after the fashion of Boats which are sharp before the better to withstand the force of the Current and to prevent any danger to such as pass over the sides are Wall'd in with Stone to a good heighth and beautifi'd in several places with Images of all sorts according to the fashion of the Country In the third Chief City Cangcheu there is to be observ'd another very stately Bridge made of Stone with thirty six very high and great Arches it is so commodiously broad that Shops are made on both sides and yet room enough for Passengers either on Horse or Foot There are several other famous Bridges in many Ports and Cities of this Empire which to particularize

and Reverence but the chiefest Honor is given to King Hunvuus who deliver'd the Kingdom of China out of the hands of the Tartars and restor'd the same to Peace and Honor. Next to the Emperor they observe and reverence their Superiors and Magistrates which they do in particular forms and manners of Speech as also in stately and noble Visits neither is access free to them all but only to such as have born some Office of Honor or Trust in the Kingdom or serv'd abroad in some honorable Employments for such when they return into their own Countries are had in great esteem as well by the Magistrates as People If any one has done his Country considerable Service behav'd himself well in his Office hath been preferr'd to some higher degree of Honor and Trus● than ordinary or for some Reason of State or Policy happens to remove from the City he is Presented by the Country in his Passage with great Gifts but at his departure he must leave behind him his Boots Marks of Honor c in perpetual remembrance of this Favor His Boots are lock'd up in a Chest kept on purpose for such uses with great care and respect Others of a higher Quality have a Pillar of Marble erected to their Honor to preserve their Memory and Fame to Posterity by inscribing thereon in the most legible Characters the great Services they have done for their Country Some indeed are more magnificently Signaliz'd having Temples erected in Honor of their Names at the Charge of the Publick with Images of the Party deceased drawn to the Life by the best Artists in the Country and plac'd upon the Altars nor is that all but there is Incense Vessels Torches and Persons appointed to look after the same that they may always be kept Trimm'd Perfum'd and Burning which to accomplish the more readily they have great Vessels of Copper provided to burn in as is us'd in their Idol-Temples only there is this difference between the Worship of the one and the Veneration of the other for in that of their Gods they are always Desiring or Praying for one thing or other but in this appointed to the Memory of a deceased Party they are always shewing their grateful Respects for the Benefits receiv'd by him But it may be very soberly conjectur'd that the ordinary Man not able by the narrow scantling of his Iudgment to discern this duplicity makes no difference between the two Worships and this seems the more probable for that great numbers of People resort thither and there bow and kneel and Offer up what they have with the same zeal to the one as to the other All the Chiness Books which treat of Manners and Fashions contain no other Instructions but in what manner Children are to obey their Parents and certainly herein these blind People are highly to be commended for there is no Place in the World to be compar'd with them in this Particular for the Honor and Reverence that is by Children yielded to their Parents they being neither suffer'd to sit near them or opposite unto them but in some low place of the Room and that with great Submission and Reverence The like respect is shewn by Scholars to their Masters neither do Children speak to their Parents but in the most submissive Terms imaginable and if perhaps either the Father or Mother or both fall into want in their old Age the Children freely work night and day to provide for them and stint themselves pinching their own Bellies to fill those of their Parents An Example truly well worth both imitation and praise although to their shame not much practised by Christians Such is their Behavior to their Parents living however qualified and it ends not with their Lives but follows them to the Grave attending their Funerals not only in their Mourning wherein they differ very much from other People but likewise in the Coffin wherein the Corps is enclos'd which is made of the richest and most durable Wood that is to be purchas'd in their own or the Neighboring Countries Every Person in China observes his Birth-day as Sacred bestowing Presents upon his Friends and withal making great Entertainments for them Now although every Anniversary Birth-day is thus observ'd yet there is one especially celebrated with a more Festivous Solemnity which is when they live to the Age of seventy for not till then are they reckon'd amongst the Old People and then are the Walls of the Houses hung with Pictures and Verses fill'd with Eulogies to the Party whose Birth-day is to be commemorated There are also two others more remarkable than the rest one whereof is that of the tenth Year but this wants much of the Ceremonies of the former The other which is much honor'd by them is that upon which they put on the Virile Hat as formerly at Rome the Young Men did the Tog● Virilis or Manly Gown and this is when they have attain'd twenty Years of Age. But with far greater Splendor and more extraordinary State is New-years-day solemniz'd through the whole Country to wit upon the first day of the New and Full Moon for that is the Emperor's Festival on which day every Man lights in his House great store of Artificial Candles made of Paper Glass and Cloth which are sold in the Markets in great quantities These being lighted and the Rooms hung therewith very thick make a shew as if the House within were all of a light Fire And as an addition to their Mirth they run up and down the Streets with the like Candles in their Hands whooping and hollowing like mad People The Chineses like the old Romans have several Names by which they are distinguish'd for first they have a Sir-name which is ancient and never alter'd then a Christian Name and lastly a Proper Name and this is still newly invented and signifies one thing or other as their Sir-names most commonly also do This second Name which the Father bestows onely upon his Sons is always writ with one Character and pronounc'd with one Syllable but the Women have no such Name being call'd by their Fathers Sir-name and by the number of Place in which they stand in regard of their Birth among the Sisters When a Child is put out to School he receives from the Master a new Name and that is call'd the School-Name whereby he is call'd by the Master and the Scholars onely Again when a young Man puts on the Virile Hat or is Married he is presented by some Person of Quality with a more Honorable Name call'd The Letter by which any Person may afterwards call him except his Servants Now when he is grown to Years of perfect Manhood he is presented by some other Person with a very honorable Name call'd among them The Great Name By this Name he is call'd by all without any distinction except his Parents who think him unworthy of that Honor and continue to call him onely by the Name of the Letter

loss of it The Tartars by this means being put to a stand having enrich'd themselves with Booty destroy'd some thousands of poor Creatures with the Sword and burnt down their Dwellings to the Ground retreated back to their old Quarters in the Province of Leaotung During these Troubles the Emperor Vanlieus died in the Year 1620. After whose Death his Son Taichangus a valiant and prudent Prince succeeded who by the Conduct of his Affairs in a short time gave sufficiently to understand what good Services his Country was to expect from him had he not been unfortunately cut off by an untimely Death in the fourth Month of his Reign To whom was Successor his Son Thienkius a gallant Person and no ways inferior to his Father for Vertue and Courage This Monarch finding the unsetledness and danger of his Affairs made it his chiefest Concern to contract Friendship and support his Government with the Favor and Affection of his Neighbors for he had taken notice by experience how much the Empire of China had suffer'd by living always at great variance with the Tartar Kings of Ninche which border'd upon him In the first place therefore he endeavor'd to win the Favor of the King of Corea who had formerly sent to his Grandfather a Supply of twelve thousand Men to aid and assist him in this War but they being most of them kill'd and wounded he doubted lest this might make him take part against him and joyn with the Tartar for prevention whereof and to satisfie the King in every scruple he immediately sent an Ambassador to him to return him thanks for those great Succors he had sent and withal signifying his extraordinary Grief and Sorrow for the great loss which had fall'n upon the afore-men●ion'd Aids in that War but that he hoped in a short time to retaliate upon the Enemy the Wrongs they had done to him and his Kingdom And that his Embassy might be the more grateful he likewise sent several rich Presents and promis'd him his Assistance where and whensoever he should have occasion to make use of it But this friendly Message look'd not only for verbal Returns for it was design'd as a Motive to procure more Succors from him which without doubt he had reason to endeavor in regard the People of this Island of Corea which lies very near to Iapan have out of the Neighborhood far greater Strength than the Chineses And now craving leave for a little digression which may not be impertinent in regard there has been often mention made of this Island of Corea and the Inhabitants thereof I shall describe the same in short and all that is worth observation in the same It is unto this day doubted by those of Europe whether Corea be an Island or firm Land but according to the opinion of the best Writers it is a hanging Island surrounded with Water on all parts except the uttermost part which is joyn'd to the firm Land for though Trials have been made to Sail round about yet it could never be done as some People seem to affirm to us from their own experience though some there are that affirm the contrary But this Error proceeds from a mistake of a certain great Island call'd Fungina situa●e to the Southward of it to be Corea However it be this truth is most certain that all the Chinese Writers affirm Corea to be firm Land and joyning to the Kingdom of Ninche in Tartary Another mistake may arise from the varie●y of the Name given to it for the Chineses call it Chaosien therein following the Iapanners though by us of Europe it is call'd Corea Toward the North it borders upon the Kingdom of Ninche on the North-West it has for Confine the River Yalo the rest is surrounded and wash'd with the Sea The whole Island is divided into eight Provinces or Counties The middlemost and accounted the first bears the Name of Kinki wherein is situa●● the Chief City of Pingiang the Court of the Kings The second toward the East is call'd Kiangyven but heretofore Gueipe The third situate toward th● West is now known by the Name of Hoangchui but was formerly call'd Ch●●sien the Name at this day proper to the whole Island The fourth situate ●●●ward the South now call'd Civenlo was formerly nam'd Pienhari The fi●th also Southerly but inclining to the East is call'd Kingxan The sixth toward the South-West is Changing The seventh toward the North-East has the Name of Pingan In these Counties are several populous and rich Cities which for fashion and strength differ very little from those in China and built for the most part four-square The Country is very well Peopled throughout the whole having but one Form of Government not at all differing in Habit and using one and the same Form both of Speech and Writing Their Religion is the same with those of China holding the transmigration of the Soul out of one Body into another They all adore one Idol call'd Fe whereof I have already made mention The Bodies of their dead Friends they bury not till three years be fully elapsed and then they put them into very fine Coffins after the manner of the Chineses glu'd up so very close that no scent can strike through They give a greater liberty to their Women than the Chineses for they admit of them into any Company whereas the other will hardly suffer them to stir abroad Here also the Son or Daughter may Marry whom they think fit without asking the consent of Father or Mother which is quite contrary to the use of the Chineses and indeed all other civiliz'd People This Island is very fruitful in the product of all manner of Fruits necessary for the sustenance of Life especially of Wheat and Rice whereof there are twice a year plentiful Harvests Here also are made several sorts of Paper and curious Pencils of Wolves Hair which the Chineses and other neighboring People as well as themselves use in Writing Here grows likewise the Root Guiseng and as is reported are several Gold-Mines But notwithstanding all these Advantages of natural Commodities wherewith this Place abounds yet the Inhabitants thereof drive no Trade with any other forein People but only those of China and Iapan And thus much shall suffice to be spoken of Corea we will now return to give an Account of the sequel of the Wars The Chinese Emperor after his Embassy to the King of Corea to prevent the further Invasion of the Tartars and the better to oppose them muster'd several Troops rais'd for his assistance out of the fifteen Provinces or Kingdoms of the Empire and sent very great Armies towards Leaotung And the better to furnish such vast Armies with Provisions he caus'd an extraordinary great Fleet of Ships to be Equipp'd in the famous Port of Thiencin which were wholly employ'd to carry Provisions by Sea from all parts of China for their supply by the exact performance and observing whereof they had no want of any

the Fortresses of the Walls did not only reduce Pequin but like an Inundation in little space subjected all China unto their Empire Vumly Emperor of the Chineses being deserted by all and forc'd to great Exigences when no Place of Safeguard was granted unto him by his rebellious Subjects of China that he might not be compell'd to behold so great a Confluence of imminent Calamities having first with his own Hands slain both his Wife and his Daughter at length heightned unto Despair miserably concluded his Life by the Halter Concerning which Occurrences he that desireth farther to understand the Catastrophe of Humane Concernments may have recourse unto Father Martinius in his Tractate of the Tartar War and from thence he may learn not to be any farther inquisitive after the heighth of an unhappy Monarch in such sort exalted which lieth subject and expos'd unto so horrible Precipices and so great Ruines in the so great disturbance of Affairs and Confusion of the Empire The Christians plac'd between hope and fear with careful Minds expected the Inclination of the new Emperor unto the Progress of the Christian Faith and at length they found it more propitious unto them than ever they could have wish'd or desir'd in the manner that followeth There had now been residing in China for many years Father Iohn Adam Schall Native of the City of Colonia in Germany who as he was inferior to none either in respect of his Knowledge in the Mathematicks and other Sciences in which he excell'd or his excellent skill in the Chinesian Tongue or lastly his Prudence in the management of Affairs acquir'd by long Experience so was he much fam'd throughout the whole Empire concerning whom when the new Emperor had been inform'd many worthy things as in reference to a Stranger he was very much joy'd with this Information that he had found a Stranger which for a long space he had desir'd so much knowing in all the Affairs of China unto whom he might safely and securely entrust the closest Secrets of all his Councils and whom he discover'd happily to have conjoin'd the Chinesian Arts unto an European Wit or Capacity therefore having call'd him to Court he receiv'd him with great testimony of Friendship and observing the gravity of his Deportment his Candor of Life Prudence and excellent Wid at sudden Repartees he was so well pleas'd with his Conversation that he immediately created him one of his intimate Councellors a Mandorin of the prime Rank and assign'd unto him the highest Place in the Astronomical Tribanal of the Calender and commanded all throughout the whole Empire to obey his Astronomical Determinations he especially wondring at his infallible Prediction of Eclipse in which the others did so much err perform'd by his accurate Calculation he admir'd also his skill in the Mechanick Arts especially in casting of great Ordnance The Emperor being taken with these things lov'd and honor'd him as a Father looking upon him as more than Man as having something of Divinity about him and when any Address was scarcely admitted unto so sublime a Majesty besides that of the Empress and Eunuchs he obtain'd without any Prohibition a Favor granted to no other a Priviledge of coming into the Emperor's Presence whether at home or abroad and therefore he was esteem'd as his Maffa for so the Emperor call'd him that is to say Venerable Father a Priviledge never read of in the Annals of the Chineses Four times in a Year the Emperor vouchsaf'd to visit the House and Church of our Society going into all the Corners of the House he was pleas'd to converse with the Maffa privately in the Lodging-Room refusing all Ceremonies of State befitting so great a Monarch sometimes sitting upon the Bed Pallat and sometime in the old decrepit Chair condescending to view some of our Rarities not refusing to smell Flowers which he Presented him from his own Garden and never seem'd more pleasantly to recreate himself than in the House of the poor Priests and in the Church he wondred at the brightness of the Altars and the elegancy of the European Images cursorily enquiring concerning the Books their Characters and Images with the Mysteries thereof which when explain'd unto him he worshipp'd especially the Fignres of Christ and the Blessed Virgin and asserted That the Christian Religion was the best and excell'd all others that his Ancestors had formerly been of the same Persuasion And that he might not seem to esteem of the Christian Faith in words only he resolv'd to do something in honor thereof for on a great Marble Stone erected before the Doors of our Church he caus'd to be Engraven in Chinese and Tartar Characters his Will and Pleasure for the Propagation of the Faith of Christ by a Regal Edict which at this Day is to be seen Printed on a China Sheet of Paper in the Library of the Roman Colledge and is as followeth THE Heavenly Science of Astronomy which our Progenitors so highly esteem'd of as we also do who trace their Footsteps deserves to be extoll'd to the Skies especially after the same formerly under divers Emperors being almost wholly collaps'd is restor'd and especially hath been rendred more exact by Co Zeu Kim in the time of the Empire of Iuen Emperor of the Tartars who formerly Rul'd the Chineses four hundred years and lastly was become very erroneous in the latter part of the Reign of the former Emperor Mim There is found Iohn Adam Schall coming from the farthest part of the West into China who understandeth not only the Art of Calculation but also the Theory of the Planets and whatsoever doth belong unto Astronomy he being brought unto the Emperor our Antecessor by his Command took upon him the care of restoring the Mathematicks and Astronomy in the University but because that many apprehended not the Fruit that would redound unto the Commonwealth from this Science he could not then conclude that his Subjects should employ themselves in that Science but now I being come unto the Empire make the order of Time my first care as conducing to the Profit and Advantage of my Empire for in the Autumn of the first Year of my Rule demanding an Experiment in that Art which Iohn Adam hath restor'd I commanded him to observe the Ecliyse of the Sun which he had most diligently Calculated long before and having found both the Moments of Time and also the Points of the Eclipse most exactly to correspond in all Circumstances with his Calculation and also in the Spring of the following Year when there was an Eclipse of the Moon commanding him with the same Diligence to observe it I also found this not to err or differ an Hairs breadth wherefore I presently discern'd that Heaven sent this Person unto us at such a time in which I undertook the Regiment of so great an Empire whence I committed unto him the whole Government of the Mathematical Tribunal but because Iohn Adam is chaste from his Youth and

into 10 Digits where of 9 are equivalent to our Geometrical Foot SOME Special Remarks TAKEN OUT OF ATHANASIUS KIRCHER'S Antiquities of China PART VI. Of the Hieroglyphical Characters of the Chineses THere is no Nation so barbarous but they have some way to manifest their Conceptions one to another but above others the Chineses have the most significant Characters the first Inventor of which was Fohi about three hundred years after the Flood as their Records say who form'd divers Figures drawn from Animals Birds Reptils Fishes Herbage Plants Trees and abundance of other things so that according to the numerous variety of the Products of Nature and her several Resemblances such and so infinite were their Characters which though the modern Chineses taught by Experience have rectifi'd yet at this day they have above eighty thousand the Study of which is the Apex of all their Learning but they are able with ten thousand to make out handsomly most Expressions upon all occasions Yet those that wade farthest into the Puzzles and Difficulties of so long Lessons and so tedious a Science are preferr'd to the highest Offices and Dignities of Place which seldom happens till they grow aged The Chinesian Characters being so numerous the Language is wonderful equivocal and oneword oftentimes only by the different Pronunciation or placing of the Accent may signifie ten or sometimes twenty various things whereby it is rendred more difficult than possibly can be imagin'd The Mandorin Language is common to the Empire and is the same as the Language of Castile in Spain and the Tuscan in Italy The Characters are common unto the whole Empire of the Chineses as also to Iapan Couchinchina Corea and Touchin though the Idiom is much different so that the People of Iapan c. do understand Books and Epistles that are written in this sort of Characters but yet cannot speak mutually to or understand one another like the Figures of Numbers us'd throughout Europe and by all Persons understood although the Words by which they are pronounced are exceeding different so that 't is one thing to know the Chinesian Language and another to speak the Tongue A Stranger that hath a strong Memory and doth apply himself to Study may arrive to a great heighth of that Learning by reading the Chinefian Books although he be neither able to speak it himself or understand those that speak it But Father Iacobus Pantoja according to the Musical Notes Ut Re Mi Fa Sol La first of all found out the rising and falling of the Accents to be observed in the Pronunciation assisted by which they overcome the Difficulties of the Language The first of the five Chinese Accents answereth to the Musical Note Ut and the sound of it is call'd in the Chinese Cho Pim as if you should say The first word equally proceeding The second Note answereth to Re and it is term'd in the Chineses Language Pum Xim that is A clear equal Voice The third Note agreeth with Mi and the sound in the Chinese is Xam Xim that is A lofty Voice The fourth Note is sounded like Fa and is term'd in the Chinese Kiu Xun that is The elated Voice of one that is going away The fifth Note answering to Sol in the Chinese is call'd Se Xun that is The proper Voice or Speech of one that is coming in For Example that one word Ya written in the European Characters and having the five Notes above affixed it must be prounc'd with divers Voices and Accents A Tooth Yâ Dumb Yā Excellent Yà Stupidity Yá A Goose Ya For as the same word suggesteth divers Significations and the Speech spoken slower or faster resembleth the Modes and Times in Musick so from the Words of Monosyllables for the Chineses have none of bis tres or more Syllables is a timely Harmony by the help of which Notes Strangers may attain to something of the Tongue though with great Labor and indefatigable Patience And though the same word hath one Signification in the Mandorins Language and a contrary in Iapan and other Places yet knowing this one Speech and Character you may Travel not only through the Empire of China but the adjacent Kingdoms THose that are earnest to make further scrutiny in quest of all these wonderful Relations may resort to the Author himself and to those in his Quotations for this we thought a sufficient Appendix to the Dutch Embassy the one seeming the better to Illustrate the other many of the same Concerns being handled in both FINIS The severe Laws of the Lacedaemonians The Division of the Globe Asia divided The Name of China China whence so named The Division of China The Situation The Extent 990 English Miles 1350 English Miles The Revenue by Taxes The Situation of Zansi The Situation of Xensi Prester-Iohn in Asia The Situation of Honan The Situation of Sucheu The Situation of Hucang The Situation of Chekiang The Situation of Fokien The Situation of Quangsi The Situation of Queicheu The Situation of Iunnan The Description of the Island Iava The Description of the City Maccoa Quantung and her Cities A ●toel is 13 Ducatoons in Silver The Ambassadors noble Entertainment in this City A two-fold Interpretation of this Monument Whence the Gospel as a●so the Heathenish Super●●itions came into China The Description and Boundaries of China It s several Names The Division of the Empire of China The first disc●very of the Syro-Chinesian Monument By whom first made publick Martin Atlas pag. 44. At what time the Christian Faith entred into China The Creatic●● of all thi●gs The Fall of Adam The Incarnation of the Son of God The Excellency of the Christian Law The Des●ription of the Situation of Iudea according to the Chinese Geographers The Effect of the Gospel and Law of Christ The building of Churches Presbyter Iohn where he inhabited Belor a most high Mountain Why the Emperor of the Aloyssines is called Presbyter Iohn The King of Barantola adored as a God Where Presbyter Iohn resided 〈…〉 The D●scription of Hancheu or Qu●nsai The Voyage of Benedict Goes for the Discovery of Cathay A Description of the Walls of China The Habit of th● Tartars of Kalmack The ridiculous Worship of the Great Lama The high Mountain Langur The Voyage of Father Amatus Chesaud The Voyage of M. Paulus Venetus The time of Mahomet's coming into the World The Great Cham converted to Christianity The Letter of Haolon to the K. of France The Presents of St. Lewis King of France to the G●●at Cham. The various Changes of the Christian Law in China The ignorance of the Chineses The Nobility of China receive the Law of Christ. The Emperor Vumly when he had slain his Wife and Daughter hang'd himself Many Noble Chineses converted to the Christian Religion The Inscription of the Church of the Fathers of the Society of Iesus The original of the Chinesian Astronomy Our Fathers appointed to Correct the Calendar by the Emperor's Edict The Errors of the Chineses in Geography The Emperor's Habit The three Sects of the Chineses The first Sect. The second Sect. The third Sect.