and the most certain expectation of those full joyes that are to come Thus we most please our selves and we best satisfie our Neighbours in whatsoever Relation he respects us in the practice of Holiness which directly tends to true Happiness Our Father the Magistrate the Minister our Equals are all solicitous to know and be assured of our pious and holy inclinations and when they can perceive they have not watched over us nor laboured in vain they are most delighted and best pleased Now our Relations are not to be satisfied in the state we are in with probable conjectures of our meanings and intentions but they must have clear and significant expression of our minds and intendments either by words or actions A sullen silence cannot content us in our Contracts but we must have sensible assurance of our mutual assent or refusal In our Secular Trafficks and Commerces we cannot carry on our Bargains but by external signification And as in Temporal so in Spiritual Covenants there is a necessity of these things when no communion can be held without them We cannot be mutually pleased with mutual assurances of our purposes to stand firm to the Faith of the Gospel without an open declaration unless every one hold forth the profession of his Faith without wavering There can be no contenting assurance of any persons continuing a Member of a visible Church without profession of Faith in Service or Sacrament Hearing the Word preach'd only is no sufficient evidence I am in charity to believe the Minister to be a good man because he signifies his pious intentions by Religious expressions But I cannot in reason conclude the Hearer so long as he saies nothing If People wanted nothing but Knowledge Conversion or Faith if ignorant or unconverted I could excuse this boulimy among us and it were far more tolerable that people mind only Sermons But when People are knowing and converted baptized and ingaged in Profession certainly it were more truly Religious to spend some time in doing as well as hearing to shew they have not heard in vain but that they have got this Faith they so greedily heard for by holding forth the profession of it c. By Hearing constantly I in charity conclude thou desirest to be good thou wouldst get Faith but if Hearing is all how can I without rashness judge that thou art good or hast got Faith which is not evident to me without thy Profession It is a painted no real Fire that hath neither light nor heat It is a Stock a Log not a living Tree that hath neither leaves nor fruit It is a Carkass not a living Body that hath neither words nor motion It is Presumption and no living Faith that is not signified by Profession And now with all meekness I beseech those that separate from us seriously to consider this undoubted Truth That the visible certain sign of any Companies or Persons being indeed of the Catholick Church that is Militant is the Peoples Confession of Faith in Service and Sacraments Since therefore Profession of Faith is of such necessity and hath so great an influence to please both our selves and others and is a duty and service by Gospel Rules incumbent to every Christian we may truly conclude That the Christian Magistrate may and ought to injoyn an open Profession of Faith to each believing Subject in his respective Congregation SECT IV. Every one is to make profession of his Faith and the best time and place to do it in are in respective Congregations and the Magistrate is to injoyn every one c. 4. THat there should be meeting and assembling of Congregations must be adjudged expedient and necessary for the imparting and promoting what is good and comfortable and the preventing or removing of what is hurtful or inconvenient which things cannot be hoped for or compassed by Singularity or Separation And that this is confessed is evident from the general practice of all Cities and Nations that professed any Religion were it true or false and by the practice of ordinary Men without any respect to Religion who agree to meet in Markets Fairs Exchanges Walks for Temporal ends above-said And if general Meetings be rationally concluded to be necessary for imparting things Temporal then they must be concluded also natural and necessary for imparting things Spiritual And for any one wilfully and perversly to decline these Meetings lawfully appointed must be a sin being prohibited by the Gospel when the Hebrews are commanded not to forsake the Assembling of themselves together as the manner of some is Heb. 10.25 because such Meetings are appointed and designed to advance the exercise of Piety and Religion Such Congregations of Believers as respect the Worship and Service of God are the Congregations we mean and the Believer is to discharge his duty of Profession in the midst of them God Nature and Grace doth not delight to do any thing in vain and all voluntary Agents freeliest exert their kindly operations upon such Objects as may be influenttal upon them for good and are in capacity to receive the said Operations Confession of Faith is not expected when not called to it to be made to Persecutors or Infidels that are professed enemies of the Gospel where there is more probability of their Rage than Conversion and where there is no hope of advancing Gods glory or our Neighbours good where there is less hope of dying a Martyr than danger of being a Manslayer where he may seem to conspire with the Persecutors to take away his own life Mat. 7.6 By Christs own direction we are not to cast holy things to dogs nor pearls to swine least they trample them under foot and turn again and rent you But holy things are properly tendred to holy Men. Our delight to communicate these should be chiefly to the Saints of the Earth and such as pretend at least a desire to excel in vertue yea where we may act with safety to our selves and probably with benefit to others there Confession of Faith is best made and that if among a Congregation of Believers And for any that stupidly or sottishly sit at home soaking and smoaking in their Chimney Corners securely indulging the sensual part and never regard but slight the opportunities of Meetings conveniently and communicating of holy apprehensions and affections for their own and Neighbours comfort We must look upon them as an unnatural sort of Men and the most lazy kind of the beasts of the people who industriously study to be useless and to neglect their own and the general good of the Neighbourhood which they are obliged to further and maintain And if they have sharp goads and lashes to prick them or quicken them vigorously to move under that yoke to which they are naturally bound it is no more than what is just and reasonable for the good and welfare of the Community which every particular Officer and Ruler are concerned to promote and advance For Time and Place
therefore we speak of a visible Church be it Catholick National or Parochial it is Coetus evocatorum a Company of Men called not invisibly internally but externally sensibly and such as have manifested their complyance with that Call Not a Company but a Society of Believers joyned together by a mutual profession of Faith For as Vnity of a sincere Faith is necessary for the Constitution of the Church invisible so is Vnity of profession of Faith necessary for the Constitution and being of a visible Church And to avoid rash unanswerable expressions and unbecoming behaviour it is both reasonable and necessary that words and actions should be reasonably agreed upon and determined The thoughts of our Souls like the eyes of our Bodies without an Object to terminate them will wander to the ends of the Earth therefore the prime work of Piety and Religion in the Rational Soul is to set God before the eyes of its Understanding That upon serious consideration seeing and concluding him the Best and the Greatest man may rationally both think and speak most honourably of him and behave himself most reverently towards him For Vniformity then in Religious exercises of necessity there must be the same Object GOD who is infinite must be proposed That our considerations and respects may be terminated upon him And of necessity there must be Rules and Forms agreed upon and fixed to direct and limit all associated Professors that their considerations and respects may be united either in knowing God or worshipping him Circumstances cannot be left indefinite and undetermined for mans Thoughts are as diverse naturally as their Faces and Tempers Their Words and Actions usually wild and extravagant and not only different but contrary also unless all these be bounded and terminated what Vnity can there be An arbitrary Will-worship will follow according to every mans fancy and in every meeting instead of a well-ordered Unity there must necessarily happen distraction and confusion And these things are obvious to every man that rationally considers them for never any Nation that had Religion true or false but alwaies agreed on a Common Ministration And in all their Sacrifices either propitiatory or gratulatory they have united together by certain Rules in a common Service and a joynt concurrence in it to that Deity which they adored And certainly all those Reasons formerly alleadged to urge an open profession of Faith return with new vigour strictly to oblige every Visible Church to acknowledge the necessity of fixing and observing Rules of Vniformity in every respective Congregation That the infinite Majesty of GOD may be generally and worthily glorified That our Neighbours and our selves may be most probably edified and comforted That those that are Vnbelievers may have their Conversion best furthered there must be Canons and Forms prescribed by Rulers to carry on a general Uniformity To conclude this Section then Governours must Rule by a Law their Laws can reach only to Externals in the exercise of Godliness In which Exercise of Godliness the first aim of Governours by their Laws is to promote Vniformity in Religious Assemblies To settle and continue an Vniformity there must be Rules to limit and direct SECT II. That the Canons and Forms in our Liturgy prescribed to the ends above-mentioned are most agreeable to the Rules of the Gospel is the next considerable LITURGY in its etymologie if rightly understood gives its full import and signification It is a Form or Rule of Administration in some publick Office Sometimes it is put in Scripture for Ministration in offices of Humanity and Liberality But our discourse and common Acceptation leads us to take it for that kind of Ministration that relates to Holy things about the Service and worship of God So here we understand it to be the Canons and Forms prescribed in a Visible Church of external profession of Faith by an evident demonstration of Obedience For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quod fit per populum sit publicum a publick Religious Ministration in a Congregation of Believers So the People must be understood concerned in the Ministration as well as the Priest And those of the People that would be accounted of the Visible Church are to submit and conform to such Canons and Forms as are prescribed in the Ministration And when a Church is not an Assembly only but a Society of the Faithful not internally Faithful only for that is not discernible by us but externally by publick Profession either by words or actions What our Judgments must be of them that in Assemblies neglect and despise Profession according to Rules prescribed is easily to be concluded For whatever good opinion others blindly may have of such or they may have of themselves yet not giving in their Assemblies any evident signs of external Profession they are in reason not to be judged of the Visible Church of Christ And this shews how unjustifiable the Meetings of our Separatists are when there is no publick exercise of Religion no vocal confession of Faith no express desires of Obedience in any of their Congregations To give evidence of any Assembly that it is a part of the Visible Church there must be a sensible Profession an apparent submission to the Canons and Forms of a Liturgy And conformity of the People to those Rules gives satisfaction who are to be reputed but wilful omission and neglect declares who are not to be reputed of the Church of Christ And blessed be God we have as it is necessary and expedient from our wise Governours considering our infirmities and extravagancies Canons and Forms prescribed in our Liturgy for Religious Ministration which are most agreeable to the Rules of the Gospel The Rules of the Gosple given by Christ and his Apostles are of so different natures such different sorts The Canons and Forms ordering our Common-Service in the publick exercise of Religion are so numerous and various as it were the work of an Age to discourse distinctly and pertinently of every particular that may be comprehended in this Section But first let us consider what we understand by the Rules of the Gospel to which our Canons and Prayers are to conform Now our Blessed Saviour at the first planting of the Gospel upon the Apostles and Seventy before his Passion and upon some Chosen Vessels for his Honour after his Ascension having all power given him did in those daies plentifully pour out his Spirit upon them and gifts graces and ability he gave to them in an extraordinary manner and measure for the work of the Ministery and edifying his Body by the prevalence of his Word and Gospel which he sent them abroad to preach confirming the Word by signs following That the whole power of the World was not able to resist the wisdom and Spirit by which they spake divers Gifts he distributed of miraculous operation For different Administrations as Gifts of Healing working of Miracles Prophesying discerning of Spirits diverse kinds of Tongues Interpretation
themselves by their operations Love is practical and works where seated a care of keeping Commandements Hope is purifying He that hath hope of heaven is heavenly and purifieth himself as God is pure And Faith it self works by Love and Love by Obedience This then is that precious Faith we should contend for as becometh Saints In this we should strive to continue in grounded and setled and not be moved away from the Hope of the Gospel All these things are premised that the Reader may easily conclude what we plainly understand by that Faith which the Ruler hath religiously injoyned and the Subject is bound willingly to maintain namely a sincere and a firm purpose of mind of adhering and conforming to the Rules of the Gospel by a total Obedience He that Believes thus shall not be ashamed when Faith makes him have respect to all Evangelical Commandments SECT II. Of this Faith there must be Profession NAturally we are to look of our selves as related to Society so that of our internal Piety there must be an external signification intending not only Gods glory by setling our private Peace but by promoting our Neighbours good and edification So that as care must be had by us of Religion so of its Exercise and as of Faith so of Profession of Faith And this is required by the Gospel evidently when it is injoyn'd That Christ be confessed before men that all that by Baptism are consecrated to the obedience of the Gospel hold fast the Profession of their faith without wavering 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is sometimes rendered Confession sometimes Profession in that they agree either of them it is frankly and openly to declare what we hold in matters of Religion to justifie and bear witness to any Truth of the Gospel be they either supernatural or natural Priviledges or Mercies promised or Services or Duties injoyn'd yea the offering the sacrifice of Praise to God continually that is the fruit of our Lips is explained by an Holy Author to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. 13.15 a giving thanks or confessing to his Name Profession of Faith we understand to be a voluntary and open declaring amidst the Society in which incorporated of our free and full consent in believing the Gospel not only the Mercies promised but Duties injoyn'd and that we assent to them all not only as true and infallible but also as good and comfortable and a declaring of our desires study and care to observe them accordingly An express signifying of Profession of Faith is a declaring of our resolution of Evangelical Obedience our assenting and adhering to the right Exercise of true Religion as prescribed in the Gospel The work of Faith and Religion is not wholly to be done within but many externals are necessary and essential for constituting a visible Church she is to be a light upon an Hill Every Believer is to shine as lights in the World in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation and that can only discern Externals Therefore the Believers outward carriage and deportment and converse must be so ordered like lights to the inlightning and warming the blind and benummed World Outwardly we are to manage our selves as we may direct strengthen and comfort our Neighbour Poverty of spirit hungring and thirsting after Righteousness Purity of heart c. These are Duties of the first rank and primarily to be taken care of to present our selves so as to be approved by our God These ought ye to have done and not to have left the other undone For there be many external Duties necessary for Communion amidst the society of the Faithful that must not be omitted and refused as Preaching and hearing the Word Administring and receiving the Sacraments meeting and assembling together in those Assemblies mutual exhortations and provocation to good Works confession of Sins of Thanks declared resolutions as well as desires of Holiness and other Duties all comprehended in profession of Faith These are all External yea are all Gospel Duties and have been and will be used in the Church of Christ Thus the Church of God among the Jews that met at the Ark and Temple in Jerusalem The Tribes went up for the Testimony of Israel to give thanks to the Name of the Lord and these were External Thus the Church of Christ united under the faith of the Gospel had their Praying preaching the new Law singing of Hymns while Christ continued on Earth amongst them And when gone up to Heaven they continued in Assembling and breaking of Bread and Prayers They had their Liturgies and publick Administrations not only in works of Charity but works of Piety They had their sacrifices of Praise the fruit of their lips and giving thanks to the Name of the Lord. They had their prophesying at Church at Corinth and what was to be done by the Church on Earth They had Visions of the Examples to lead them from the Angels both in Earth and Heaven Neither can a visible Church or Society think to be continued without open profession and declaration And in the Gospel They that worshipped God in their spirits were ready to bow their knees to him They that knew God made their acknowledgment They that believed in their heart for their Righteousness made confession with their mouths to help on their own and others salvation Thus by Presidents of Saints on Earth and Angels in Heaven the Gospel of Christ doth lead his Church as the Law of Nature directs it not only to Religion but its exercise nor the Gospel only to Faith but the profession of Faith that every Member united to that visible Society of Believers must hold the profession of his Faith without wavering And there 's the next particular The injunction of what both Nature and the Gospel directs us unto is not unlawful but necessary and both require that of our Faith we should make Profession and it is very good that Rulers from their Subjects require the same SECT III. Every particular Believing Subject ought to be injoyn'd to this open profession of Faith PRofession of Faith is an essential of the visible Church and none can be concluded in the Judgment of men of the visible Church that doth not make profession of Faith The visible Church is not a Company but a Society and what makes the Society a Church is profession of Faith Every one is to evidence himself of this Society if he will claim right to the Priviledges of a Society he must perform the offices and duties and be diligent in the Ministration of the Society A Minister may gather a Company but he cannot gather a Church nor make them to be so by his own single confession Every man that will approve himself of the Church must not only give a tacit but an express consent by an open Profession This is necessary for constituting every man in Church-membership and this is rationally required and injoyn'd of Christian Governours to their Believing Subjects for
of Meeting that these be determined by the wisdom of the Governours upon Convenience as best conducing for the publick good of the Society are things so unquestionable as I think will meet with no opposition Now that every Christian is bound to attend these Congregations to advance Religion and propagate the general good he hath lost his Reason as well as Religion that dares deny it For what things we find experimentally either to be believed or done to be good and comfortable to ones self we ought to impart and communicate to the good of others and what St. Paul desired to see his Brethren Rom. 11. so we should put in practice as near as we can to impart some Spiritual gifts that we may be comforted together with them by the mutual faith both of them and our selves For Temporal things such is our unhappy necessity and the baseness of the things as if we would have any good to our selves we must have a particular propriety in them and injoyment of them The more we give others the less we injoy to our selves But for Spiritual things the commoner the better as there ought not so there needs not of them be desired an appropriation our propriety is not lost by Communication These things like seeds they multiply by scattering as fire kindles by blowing so our Faith increases by Confession Draw me and we will run after thee Holy Souls when drawn to good things would have others good with them not so selfish to run alone but call others to bear them company Andrew calls Peter Philip Nathaniel to come to Christ David would have the Tribes go up to the House of the Lord to bear testimony with him and give thanks with him c. And when with him there he would have others sing with him rejoyce with him fall down with him worship with him So the Author to the Hebrews not forsake meeting nor in their meeting mutual Exhortation offering Sacrifice Thanksgiving Profession of Faith none excepted or excluded Every one without injury to himself may help on his Neighbour by exercise of Religion and profession of Faith And certainly the declaring and publishing of our firm assent and soundness of Faith and Devotion must help on the resolution and settle the constancy of others in the same things Thus are we props and staies to our staggering and sinking Brethren and others waxing strong in the Lord and being strengthned and confirmed in their Faith grow confident in their Profession also And when thou art thyself converted thou oughtest also to strengthen thy Brethren Thus we blow up the coals of Devotion and kindle that Piety that breaks out into an heavenly flame to the inlightning and warming both our selves and our Neighbours Thus we shine as lights in the World While all agree and every one is intent in the Congregation on this Confession we stand directly under the influx of Grace It is the probable way when we are all thus imployed to have Christ come and make one of the Company While in Via like the two Disciples going to Emmaus while we are thus communing Jesus may draw near and go with us While we are thus speaking no doubt but Christ is ready to stand in the midst of us and say peace be unto us for so he hath promised and he is faithful That when two or three are gathered together in his Name he will be in the midst of them With this general Preaching and Ministring usually goes along the ministration of the Spirit And whosoever would not quench or stint the Spirit in this operation to Holiness he ought not to neglect or despise this kind of Prophesying It is a probable way in the Apostles Judgment to work upon those that are without the Church and unconverted 1 Cor. 14.24 25. when every one and all in a believing Congregation are thus Prophesying speaking freely and preaching and confessing Gods Excellencies and Perfections and shew our selves reverencing him and believing in him when an Heathen or Infidel come into such a Congregation He will fall down and worship God also being convinced of the reasonableness necessity and benefit of the duty by our respective Harmony and Uniformity he will say of a truth verily God is in the midst of us He is worse than Saul that will not thus prophesie among the Prophets and seeing others unanimously and devoutly worshipping and confessing to God who will not fall down and worship God also And while thus like Elijah we are riding up to Heaven in the Chariots of this holy fire it is not improbable that others like Elisha standing by may have the same Spirit resting upon them Thus every one that aims at the general good of himself and others be they within the Church or be they without the Church is obliged to an open profession of Faith in that respective Congregation to which he is associated that he may be instrumental to draw others to the worship of our glorious God who before perhaps little regarded him And that Governours that are to aim at the general good of the Society should injoyn every believing Subject to a duty so extensively beneficial is so clear that it needs no further demonstration In Fine Our Governours as Christs Deputies who are to Rule by Christs new Law the Gospel have done well to injoyn to their Believing Subjects an open profession of Faith in their respective Congregations And that this Profession ought to be signified by an open Vniformity is our next undertaking CHAP. V. In such Congregations Unity of Faith ought to be signified by an open Uniformity Section I. In a Catholick Church there must be Vnity II. In particular Congregations there ought to be Vnity of Faith III. That Vnity of Faith ought to be signified by an open Vniformity SECT I. In a Catholick Church there must be Vnity THE Nature of the Church of God is best represented and deciphered unto us under the resemblance of a Body As many Members make one Body so many Believers make one Church By several Nerves and Sinews the several Members are compacted into one Body By several Laws of the Gospel as so many Ligaments the several Believers are fitly joyned together into one Church and as many Members compacted by the same Nerves are enlivened and guided by one Soul so many Believers joyned together by the same Laws are quickned and govern'd by one Spirit For the Body is not one member but many For by one Spirit we are all baptized 〈◊〉 one Body whether we be Jews or Gentiles bond or free and have been all made to drink into one Spirit Thus we believe one Holy Ghost and one Catholick Church In Scripture and Fathers many other Figures and Representations we meet of the Church of Christ which all speak the necessity of Vnity of several parts for its Constitution Sometimes we find it compared to Noahs Ark as Extra Arcam so Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus In those great inundations of
sin and misery wherewith the Earth is overspread as once out of the Ark so now out of the Church there can ordinarily be expected no Salvation The Ark was cemented within and without with Pitch and the Church with Charity Sometimes they have likened her to a Coat to Josephs Coat that was polymita divers coloured to Christs Coat inconsutilis without seam rents or divisions In Holy Scripture in several places the Church of Christ is compared to an House or Temple Many distinct stones and several pieces of wood make up one Building for the protection entertainment and comfort of the Owner so many Believers make up one living Temple one spiritual House for Christ and his Spirit to dwell and delight in As no number of Planks can make up a Ship an Ark without close joynting No multitude of Threds can make a warm Garment without close weaving No Stones can make up an House without close cementing No Members or Parts can make up a Body without close compacting so no number of Men can make up a Church without Conjunction or Vnity And this the Holy Spirit of Christ intimates unto us in that heavenly Song Cant. 6.9 My love my undefiled is but one the only one of her Mother the choice one of her that bare her yea so we believe and so we teach there is but one Catholick Church Let the Sectaries and Separatists that think to drown the cry of their sin with the noise of Conscience Let them boast vainely of their Multitudes that every one of their Congregations though of different Perswasions is the pure Church while they study to be many and make Divisions they are not the true Spouse and Church of our Lord Jesus Christ The Devil may have many Synagagues but Christ hath but one Church one Wife one Spouse one Royal Priesthood one holy People one People of his purchase There is but one Catholick Church One invariable from the beginning of the World as to Substantials and so will continue to the end of the same and rather than there should be an appearance of two Christ our Peace shed his Blood to make those that seemed twain both one and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us Eph. 2.14 One End to be attained by the same Means One People to be governed by the same Laws One Body to be actuated by the same Spirit Of that one Body one Head one Faith one Baptism One Eve the Mother of all living Men One Church the Mother of all Believers No wonder St. Paul should so pathetically beseech the Ephesians that if they would walk worthy of the Vocation whereunto they were called that they should hold the Vnity of the Spirit in the bond of Peace No wonder our Blessed Saviour in his last Agony in the Garden should pray so earnestly for those especially that had received the Laws which he had given them from the Father that they might be One as they were John 17.23 That all that believe on him through his word might be made perfect in one If we see rightly we may behold Christ's Heavenly Jerusalem that is incompassed with holy Angels as Walls like a City that is compacted with the same Rules as so many ligaments and actuated with the same Spirit accounts it not only good and joyful but necessary for all the Members of the Society to be joyned together in Vnity It not only continues the welfare but upholds the Constitution and being of the Church of Christ to banish Division and hold fast this Vnity SECT II. There must be in the Catholick Church Vnity of Faith THus the Church of Christ began in the last Dispensation and so it is to be continued in Vnity They were all that were believers with one accord in one place The multitude of them that believed were of one heart and one soul As taught of God so of Christ they were taught to love one another and to do unto others as they would be done by like members of the same Body mutually sympathizing weeping with those that wept and rejoycing with those that did rejoyce bearing one anothers burthens and thus fulfilling the mind of Christ Neither had they of the Church of Christ a like respect to each others persons but the same respect to the Objects that were presented before them They did unanimously agree to chuse and refuse to love and hate the same thing They had a like hope a like fear the same joy the same sorrow Like Travellers tending to the same End they agree to walk in the same way and had the same will the same mind the same affections As they of the Church of Christ are to agree in the desires and affections of the appetitive part so ought they to agree in the conclusions and perswasions of the intellective part that nobler part of the Rational Soul of man if they will be knit into that Society that will hold professed subjection to the Rules of the Gospel The Society of Believers are to agree in the same Faith the same Judgment the same Conscience Thus St. Paul desires and expects of the believing Corinthians that they should be perfectly joyned together in the same mind and in the same judgment and of the Ephesians that they should endeavour to keep the Vnity of the spirit in the bond of Peace Eph. 4.3 There being meant by Spirit as elsewhere 1 Thess 5.23 the superiour faculty of the Rational Soul the conclusions of which were to be kept one and the same For but one Body and one Spirit even as ye are called into one hope of your calling One Lord One Faith One Baptism For Christ being ascended and set at the Right hand of God in heavenly places and having all things put under his feet as Head of the Church in it appointed several Orders and to them gave several Gifts for the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the Ministery for the edifying his Body till every part might come in the Vnity of the Faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God unto a perfect man c. Upon this Rock Christ hath promised to build his Church meaning St. Peters Faith not his Person or Office As Christ hath but one Church so that one Church is founded upon one Rock and that unmovable unchangable alwaies the same The Rain may descend the floods may come down and the winds may blow and waves of opposition may split themselves with their own violence but the Faith of Christs Servants stand unmovable rather confirmed than hurt The Church of Christ is but One built upon one Rock But the Synagogues of Satan are built upon heaps of Sand Such is their Faith if I may say they have any as is like heaps of Sand whose forms are changed upon every pressure tossed up and down with every wind ready to receive either augmentation or diminution upon external Contingencies They are alwaies Changable But those that are truly Members of the
Church of Christ from an unalterable Rule are of an unchangeable Judgment They are not like Children tossed up and down with every breath nor carried about with diverse and strange Doctrines but the God of hope as he hath filled them with all joy so with all peace and unity in believing That they continue stedfast in the same Faith are perfectly joyned together in the same Judgment and amidst Society of Believers there is but one Spirit one Conscience The Head and perfection of a Rational Creatures Vnity must be in Judgment Beasts may agree in Affection only Men can agree in Judgment And Judgment Faith and Conscience of which there is a noise in the World are but little different All the result of the Souls Reasoning the deliberate conclusion and agreement of her Counsel from a certain Rule and infallible A respect of the Rational Creature to the Rules of the Gospel not only as true and warrantable but as good and acceptable and a serious purpose and resolution to conform to those Rules accordingly Of which Rules some are supernatural and revealed others are natural some positive but being injoyned by Christ they are eternal universal indispensable and binding to the Catholick Church of Christ But some Rules are particular given by Christian Rulers to their particular National Churches to whose wisdom Christ hath left the ordering and injoyning of some Canons not unlawful for setling Peace And be the Canons either concerning Words or Actions since they are accomodately fitted to the custome and apprehensions of the People and are significant expressions of the Subjects unity of Judgment and Faith They are binding to believing Subjects for the Lords sake So that as in the Catholick Church for the General Rules so in particular Churches for particular Commands where lawfully fixed and unrepealed the Believing Subjects are to be of the same Faith of the same Judgment And where difference of Faith or Judgments are in the same constituted Church impossible it is there should be Vnity of Affection impossible it is the Souldiers and Servants should be in peace and Vnity where Captains and Leaders are at variance and dissension Liberty or pretence of Conscience in a constituted Church can never be plea sufficient to justifie two differing Believers in differing and contrary undertakings If one of those undertakings be warrantable the others must be unlawful and unwarrantable There is but one Conscience one Faith in this case can be justifiable as certain as there is but one Rule and but one Truth And when two differing Believers in differing and contrary Actions can have but one true and justifiable Rule There cannot be in contrary Actions any more than one right Faith or justifiable Conscience And Conscience is Concludens scientia a deliberate Conclusion and setled Judgment a fixed Determination of the Intellective part from a certain infallible Rule from which we infer assume and apply to our selves the morality of our Actions and determine of the subsequent issue accordingly So that two things are required to make up a Conscience 1. A deliberate Determination or Conclusion 2. A certain Rule from whence we infer the morality of our Actions 1. There must be a deliberate Determination in what may be called Conscience so no Example or practice of the most retired mortified man can be a Rule for thy Conscience The most devout of men are no Lords of our Faith who at the best are but Helpers of our joy Infallibility is not to be granted to any particular man which is not granted to any particular Church of Christ Neither can Conscience be made up soundly from the practice of a fallible man but from the law of Nature and Rules of an Infallible God So that it is not to be called Conscience that is grounded on the Examples of godly Religious men without thy own Deliberation Nor is that Conscience that hath only former Resolutions for its Rule for wilful obstinacy timaciousness of purpose cannot be a part of Conscience which is not in the Appetitive part at all Nor can Humor Animosity a sudden precipitate ingaging be justified by plea of Conscience when there must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Conscience cannot be without Deliberation neither can Deliberation without applying or determination be called Conscience For while the Vnderstanding is fluctuating questioning and inquiring it may be in tendency to it it is not yet to be called Conscience And here again they seem as far from Reason in their expressions as from Obedience in their actions that call out for liberty of Conscience May not my Conscience be free And they would make the doubting Reason against the undoubtedly lawful Command of the Superiour in things indifferent to be the weak tender Conscience But where liberty or doubting is there can be no determination of the thing doubted and where no determination there can be no Conscience 2. That cannot be called Conscience that grounds not its Determination upon a certain Rule When Conscience is but a Witness to a Rule at the best a subordinate Rule neither can it be an absolute Law which must be determined by a Law without which it may be Humor Animosity Fancy or Opinion whatever it is surely it cannot rightly be called Conscience And since Conscience cannot be without a Rule and when the Rules of Nature and the Gospel do not interfere and are not contrary there cannot be two different or contrary Consciences that can be both good of any professed Believers in a constituted Church wheresoever Over the General Church of Christ there be Rules Natural and Necessary whose morality is determined and some Rules Positive and Arbitrary that are eternally and universally binding to all Believers to the end of the World In all these Gospel Rules there can be but one Conscience in all Believers undoubtedly And in every particular Church somethings are to be determined for Peace sake by the wisdom of Governours as time and place words and gestures c. in the service and worship of God Now in a Constituted Church where these things are determined I deliberately declare in this Subjects submission and the others refusal there can be but one Conscience For when indifferent things are determined by wise and good Rulers most conducing to convenience and peace the Rule upon such determination is for every Believing Subject to submit to every Ordinance of man for the Lords sake Now when no Conscience can be without a Rule since I have a Rule for my Submission and thou canst shew no Rule thou hast for thy Refusal certainly it must be concluded I have a Conscience in my willing subjection but thou canst have no Conscience in thy wilful omission and opposition And being there is but one Rule that is good and warrantable in all positive things there can be to speak properly in such things but one Conscience For Resolutions if without yea much more if against a Rule cannot be called Conscience And Conscience which is 〈◊〉
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 must have a double look the first look it must cast on the Rule the second it must cast on the Actions be they either necessary or positive or else it cannot be counted Conscience and from thy agreeing or disagreeing with the Rule so thy Conscience accuseth or excuseth accordingly And now I appeal to any sober mans Consideration since there cannot be contrary Rules justifiable whether there can be contrary Consciences Certainly then we may safely conclude in all Constituted Churches since for Belivers actions there is but one Truth but one true Rule there must be for all such Believers but one right Faith there can be but one sound Conscience SECT III. In such Constituted Societies Vnity of Faith must be signified by an open Vniformity GOD who created man for his glory designed him for Society that what comfort he could not get by separation he might compass by Communion And Communion in the state we are in cannot be maintained but by Externals by Bodily offices As the Communion of the Invisible Church must be maintained by Vnity of Faith so the Communion of the Visible Church or any part that is associated or united in obedience to the Faith must be maintained by agreement in the exercise of Religion and Vnity of Profession And this Unity of Profession is properly called Vniformity which is nothing else but a sensible form of an united Society agreeing in one Profession both in words and actions So if any one should ask What is the sign or mark by which we may know a visible Church by or any associated Company to be a part of it I must properly Answer by Vniformity And Vniformity as the word clearly speaks is an Vnity of the outward form of things or an agreement of visible practice and joynt concurrence in the Exercise of Religion both in wards and actions which ought to be in every Congregation of Believers Preaching of the Gospel and receiving the Sacrament of the People as well as of the Minister being indispensable signs of every one that would be accounted of the Church of Christ And first we will undertake to prove that Vnity of Faith must be signified by Vniformity of words and this is not only lawful but necessary and useful 1. Lawful as declared by the practice of all Nations that had a sense of Religion For if Heathen yet reasonably they agreed in the same Festivals and Solemnities in the same Sacrifices and Gestures in the same forms of Thanksgivings and Devotion which because written of by many and confessed by all it will be needless to cite Authors or any further to insist upon the proof of it no question but they Universally agreed in constituting and maintaining Vniformity amidst their Assemblies in all Religious observances If they were a People to whom God had more clearly manifested himself and the true Religion wherewith he would be well pleased these marks they gave of their associating and uniting into a Church by their Vniversal joynt concurrence in Religious Exercises in all Ages in their solemn Congregations And it is facile to prove that among the Jews they judged the fittest Medium to preserve Vnity was Ecclesiastical Vniformity from their coming out of Egypt till their dissolution in Canaan And in some measure the Jews maintain this to this day in their several Congregations They had their set Forms for Aaroniçal Benediction for hymns and praises and prayers of the People who agreed in one express assent to the Covenant and the Law delivered by Moses in the same Sabbaoths and Festivals in the same Sacraments and Ties of Obedience They agreed in the same Prayers composed by Jewish Teachers for their Disciples St. John the Baptist taught his Disciples to pray And Christ's Disciples in the last dispensation would be taught of him to pray as John before had taught his Disciples And our blessed Saviour not only taught his Disciples a Form but a Prayer which they were to say When you pray say Luke 11.2 Our Father c. To follow him can be no mistake Certainly deliberate Composures of Set Forms from Christs Example receive not only Toleration but sufficient Approbation And that the Apostles and their Successors in Primitive times used this Prayer in all their holy Administrations especially at the Sacraments we have more than probable Authority And that the Church had set Forms after the first Century is beyond all dispute And that Reformed Churches have their set Forms now generally is openly manifest except some Phanatical Schismaticks that out of a Spirit of Contradiction and precise singularity by the neglect of these things wilfully Unchurch themselves and would blot out all appearance of a Visible Church upon the Earth Mr. Calvin from the conviction of this Truth Epist 87. approves it That set Forms of Ecclesiastical Rights might be determined that it might not be lawful for Ministers in their Administrations or the People in their Attendances to vary from them And this he was forced to acknowledge from Example Practice and Reason God who cannot erre prescribes set Forms to the Jews and Christ to his Disciples And it would be a misapprehension yea a sin to think that They would injoyn or command what might be an hinderance to Godliness or a disadvantage to the Exercise thereof And the concurrent Judgment and practice of all Churches must convince any sober person of the lawfulness and expediency of set Forms both in Prayers and Worship which will be furthered by his own Reason if he please to consider Scripture directions 2. I shall prove set Forms lawful and expedient from Scripture St. Paul 1 Cor. 1.11 pathetically beseecheth the Church at Corinth by the name of the Lord Jesus Christ that they would all speak the very same thing Verba sunt symbola mentis è consensu verborum colligimus consensum animorum Words are but expressions of our Intentions and from agreement in Words we conclude of agreement of Mind And sure enough it was not required there by the Apostle that the Speeches of the Corinthians in their Religious Assemblies should be of the same sense and meaning only but of the same expression not only contradiction of words is prohibited but diversity if they would grant his suit whle he beseecheth them to speak the same thing And well might this be injoyned in Religious Exercises for Vbi novae phrases ibi nova dogmata A quibus Vna fides ab iis requiritur Vna Confessio Where new phrases are used there will be new opinions And in whom there is expected but One Faith from them there is required but One Confession saith Mr. Calvin And when idolizing of the Gifts and Parts of the Ministers caused Contentions among the Corinthians the Apostle might adjudge it necessary that ostentation of Eloquence and excellency of Speech should be forborn among them even in exercises of Devotion and therefore earnestly beseecheth them to speak the same thing So by St. Pauls
but with all thy strength this must relate to Man For the strength of a visible Christian is demonstrable to Man by outward actions when strength exerts it self by doing what is Commanded Omission therefore of a visible exercise of Piety must be concluded in reason a sin of the greatest size since it is a transgression of the greatest Commandment Again Transgressions of a general comprehensive Law of Piety are greater than the transgression of a single particular Law that command a single Duty But omission of Vniformity prescribed is a transgression of a general comprehensive Law of Piety Faith comprehends all the duties of Christian Obedience and what doth it profit a man in a Visible Church to say he hath Faith if he hath no Works and do not make his faith appear by Confession If we know we must acknowledge if we believe we must speak He that offends in this one point is guilty of all Jam. 2.14 And if offending against a particular prohibitive Law of Charity renders a man guilty of transgressing every part of that Law how much more if a man offends a comprehensive Law of Piety In the Judgment of Man such a Person must be lookt upon to have denied the Faith c. So if any man would ask what is the Name of this sin it must be answered Legion for they are many When most of the Commandements of the first Table are openly transgrest by this wilful Omission And if deliberately considered it must be acknowledged That these sins of wilful Omission or Recusancy of Obedience to preceptive Laws of Piety are greater sins than sins of Commission against the prohibitive Laws of the second Table that concern Charity in respect of several Circumstances that such Transgressors are involved in which must needs aggravate these sins exceedingly For these sins of Omission are open and manifest but those sins of Commission are many times secret and hid Therefore many times sins of Commission fall under the Judgment of God only but sins of wilful Omission fall certainly under the judgment and condemnation of Men and therefore it is undeniably just and reasonable that Religious Magistrates make severe animadversions upon those sins especially And he that judgeth and condemneth his Neighbour for Hypocrisie though he judgeth truly yet he judgeth rashly and uncharitably because such sins are indiscernible to man but when Profaness and Impiety are manifest by a wilful Recusancy such sins go before men to Judgment and Officers may accuse and condemn such notorious Crimes justly and warrantably And sins that are done impudently and shamelesly are worse sins than those that are done modestly and closely Now beastly sins of Commission are committed secretly 1 Thess 5.7 they seek the night to conceal them and darkness to cover them But if men will be openly guilty of their Abominations and not be at all ashamed if they will declare and publish their sins like Sodom and make their Faces harder than a Rock and refuse to return a Visitation is lawful and justifiable upon such open sin and the Magistrate is not just that will not take vengeance upon such wilful Transgressours A second aggravation of sin may be when a sin is Electively and voluntarily committed For this must be confessed that Vertue or Vice are more or less Meritorious as they are more or less Voluntary A sin must be greater that is upon deliberate Choice committed than that which is done upon surprizal through the prevalence of a Temptation suddenly and inconsiderately Now sins of Commission have many of these Excuses Either men are basely or degenerously indulging the Bestial part and so are transported with the present impression of some sweet delight that pleaseth the sense which admits of no deliberation Or else through Pride Envy Malice or Revenge which would be satisfied men have hurried headlong into irregular Attempts Or else through a fawning flattering Compliance with the prevalent Humors of the Times men have been misled with the Customary practice of a multitude and have prest like Beasts Non quo eundum sed quaitur Following bad Example to do evil and without natural affection not guided by Reason have fallen into the worst of sins of the worst of Times But now what Temptation or excuse can any man alledge or pretend for wilful Omission or Recusancy Other sinners have had either pleasure or profit to quicken the Temptation and make it more active and more prevalent but what fruit what benefit can the Recusant alleadge for not doing what is injoyn'd He absolutely chooseth the evil and refuseth the good voluntarily without Temptation sure this sin is to be accounted without excuse Another aggravation of a Sin is when it is done resolutely and obstinately Now what is done resolutely and constantly if bad is worse than what is done uncertainly and contingently Now sins of Commission many of them have their abatement and weakning by Age and Time but sins of Omission gather strength by continuance and make man more indisposed to forsake them For sins of Commission men are ashamed weary of them and forsake them in time but for sins of Omission we rest securely and delight in them In this case there 's no probability men should take care to be well who never are sensible they are sick They make choice of their Delusion and willingly would be given up to the Continuance of their Abominations We see their obstinacy and resolved impenitency And this must be accounted another aggravation Another aggravation of a Sin may be if it be against a Promise and Covenant solemnly made to the contrary Every man is bound stare pactis promissis so it cannot reasonably be denied but a wilful Omission of duties of Piety in a Baptized Subject who hath declared and signified firmly his profession of holy Obedience to the Faith is far worse than a wilful Omission of a Jew or Infidel that never promised observance to Gospel Rules and never made Profession Heb. 10. The wilful sin was not an invisible but a visible Recidivation For this must in reason be accounted a visible and interpretative Apostacy drawing back and falling off from his Profession declared by his wilful omission which by Promise and Vow he had engaged himself to perform And what sense the Divine Author in his Epistle to the Hebrews had of this sin is easie to be gathered from this tenth Chapter The Holy Author directs his Epistle to a Society of Believers by Baptisme externally united and sanctified to be visible Members of a Christian Society that had not power to discern spirits or intention but judge they might of Externals words or actions He wrote therefore to them v. 23 24 25. to take care of their Carriage and Conversation that was sensibly to be discerned in their Religious Assemblies That they did not decline or forsake Assembling nor in those Assemblies profession of Faith nor mutual Exhortation nor provocation to good Works For the Blood of the Covenant by