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A10231	Purchas his pilgrimage. Or Relations of the vvorld and the religions obserued in all ages and places discouered, from the Creation vnto this present Contayning a theologicall and geographicall historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the ilands adiacent. Declaring the ancient religions before the Floud ... The fourth edition, much enlarged with additions, and illustrated with mappes through the whole worke; and three whole treatises annexed, one of Russia and other northeasterne regions by Sr. Ierome Horsey; the second of the Gulfe of Bengala by Master William Methold; the third of the Saracenicall empire, translated out of Arabike by T. Erpenius. By Samuel Purchas, parson of St. Martins by Ludgate, London.	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.; Makīn, Jirjis ibn al-ʻAmīd, 1205-1273. Taŕikh al-Muslimin. English.; Methold, William, 1590-1653.; Horsey, Jerome, Sir, d. 1626.	1626 (1626)	STC 20508.5; ESTC S111832	2,067,390	1,140

therefore enioyne thee to desist from these attempts otherwise be thou cast out from all Israel But he proceeded neuertheles till Zinaldin a Turkish King subiect to the Persian corrupted his Father in Law with ten thousand peeces of Gold who accordingly with a Sword slew him in his bed And thus ended Dauid but not his designes for the Iewes in Persia were forced by many talents af gold to buy their peace with the King About the same time Rambam tells of another which tooke him to bee the Messenger of the Messias which should direct his way before him preaching that the Messias would appeare in the South To him resorted many Iewes and Arabians whom hee led alongst the Mountaines professing to go meete the Messias who had sent him Our Brethren in the South countrey wrote to me a long Letter hereof declaring the innouations he made in their Prayers and his preachings amongst them asking my aduice And I writ a booke saith Rambam for their sakes touching the signes of the comming of the Messias This Seducer was taken after a yeeres space and brought before one of the Kings of the Arabians which examined him of his courses who answered that he had so done at the commandement of GOD in witnesse whereof he bad him cut off his head and he would rise againe and reuiue which the King caused to be done without any such miraculous effect ensuing The like telleth Isaac Leuita of one Lemlen a Iew in the yeere 1500. as also of R. Dauid which about the same time was burned for like cause The Iewes haue Legends as that of Eldad translated by Genebrard of multitudes of Iewes in Aethiopia whom when wee come thither we will visit But alas it is small comfort being burned in the fire to make themselues merry with smoke Of their miseries sustained in all places of their abode all histories make mention And yet their superstition is more lamentable then their dispersion as also their pertinacie and stubbornenesse in their superstition And certainely me thinks that euen to him that will walke by sight and not by faith not oblieging his credit to meete authoritie as the case standeth betwixt vs and the Scriptures but will be drawne by the cords of Reason onely and Sense euen to such a one me thinks this Historie of the Iewes may be a visible demonstration of the Truth of Christian Religion Not onely because the truth of the Prophesies of Iaacob of Moses of Esay and other the Prophets is fulfilled in them and because Gods iustice still exacteth the punishment of the betraying and murthering that iust one but especially in this that the bitterest enemies cruellest persecutors and wilfullest Haters that euer were of the Christian truth are dispersed into so many parts of the World as witnesses of the same Truth holding and maintayning to death the Scriptures of Moses and the Prophets then which euen Reason being Iudge as is said before we will not desire sounder and fuller proofes of our profession Neither is our Gospell wherein we differ from them any other then the fulfilling of their Law and Christ came not to destroy the Law but to fulfill the same the same truth being deliuered in both veyled in the one and reuealed in the other In him the Promises in him the figures in him the righteousnesse of the Law righteousnesse in Doctrine righteousnesse in practice righteousnesse of Doing righteousnesse of Suffering to satisfie the debt to merit the inheritance are the witnesses that in him they are all yea and Amen haue receiued their perfect being and accomplishment But the vayle is ouer their hearts eyes they haue and see not eares and heare not They hold out to vs the light of Scripture themselues walking in darkenes and reserued to darkenesse like to a Lampe Lanthorne or Candlesticke communicating light to others whereof themselues are not capable nor can make any vse §. IIII. Of the Miserable Dispersions of the Iewes WE haue shewed how they were vtterly cast out of their countrey And Italie and the Empire was filled with Iewish slaues Nor was this their first dispersion but as the Assyrians had carried away the other ten Tribes So the Babylonians carried away the two Tribes remayning which might haue returned vnder the Persian Monarchie but many remained in those Countries till the dissolution of that Iewish state and after They had there diuers famous Vniuersities and that at Bagdet endured till the yeere of Christ one thousand three hundred so writeth Boterus At which time they fleeing the persecutions of the Arabians dispersed themselues into India where many are found at this day These through continuall conuersing with the Gentiles and Christians haue small knowledge of the Law and lesse would haue but for other Iewes that resort thither out of Egypt Before that time also if we beleeue the Ethiopian History twelue thousand Iewes of each Tribe a thousand went with the Queene of Sabaes Sonne which they say she had by Salomon into that Country and there remaine their posteritie to this day Thus is ASIA and AFRIKE fraught with them but EVROPE much more Adrian banished fiue hundred thousand into Spayne where they multiplied infinitely and founded an Vniuersitie at Corduba about the yeere of our Lord one thousand And at Toledo was a Schoole of twelue thousand Iewes about the yeere of our Lord one thousand two hundred thirty and sixe as writeth Rabbi Mosche Mikkatzi from hence it seemeth they swarmed into England and France Anno 1096. innumerable numbers of men and women of diuers Nations according to the zeale of those times trauelling to Ierusalem compelled the Iewes in places whereby they passed to be baptized euery where making terrible massacre and slaughter of such as refused may of the Iewes also killing themselues in zeale of their Law At Mentz they slew of them 1014. of both sexes and fired the greatest part of the Citie The rest rested not long in their imposed Christianitie but willingly renounced that which against their wils they had accepted Auentinus numbreth 12000. Iewes slaine in Germanie in this irreligious quarrell Otto Frisingensis attributes these Iewish slaughters to the zealous preaching of Rodolph a Monke which furie was appeased by the preaching and authoritie of Saint BERNARD These Pilgrims saith Albertus Aquensis which then liued being a gallimaufry of all Nations in pretence of this holy quarrell against the Turkes gaue themselues to all vnholy and filthy courses amongst themselues and against the Christians where they passed may whoores attending and following the Campe to which they added excesse in dyet robberies especially all cruelties against the Iewes chiefly in the kingdome of Lorraine thus beginning the rudiments of that war against the enemies of the Faith First they destroyed them and their Synagogues in Collen and taking two hundred of them flying by night to Nuis they slue and robbed them all At Mentz the Iewes committed

That such parts of Armenia as the Saracens now possessed and the Tartars should recouer from them might returne to the Crowne of Armenia Mangu-Can answered after deliberation with his Nobles to the first That himselfe would bee a Christian and perswade other his subiects but force none thereunto and to the rest in order that his requests in all should be fulfilled and to that end hee would send his brother Haolon into those parts as is before alreadie shewed Thus was Mangu baptized by a Bishop then Chauncellor of Armenia and all his houshold and many Nobles of both sexes But before Ierusalem could bee recouered Mangu died and Cobila or Cublai Can succeeded in whose time M. Paulus was an eye-witnesse of the Tartarian proceedings who affirmeth That this Cublai exceeded in power not his predecessours onely but all the Kingdomes of Christians and Saracens although they were ioyned in one Before hee obtained the Soueraigntie hee shewed himselfe a valiant Souldier but after hee was Emperour hee neuer fought field but once against Naiam his vncle who was able out of the Prouinces wherein he gouerned to bring together foure hundred thousand Horse to whom Caidu should haue added a hundred thousand Horse more These both conspired against their Master and Lord Cublai but before their forces were ioyned Cublai stopping the passages that none might passe to carrie newes suddenly assembled within ten dayes iourney of Cambalu three hundred and threescore thousand Horse and an hundred thousand Footmen With this power riding day and night he came suddenly on his enemies and hauing first consulted with his Diuiners after their manner gaue the on-set and tooke Naiam prisoner whom hee strangled betwixt two Carpets lest the Earth should drinke or the Sunne should see the bloud of that imperiall family Naiam had beene secretly baptized and now also had the Crosse for his Banner which occasioned the Iewes and Saracens to scoffe at the Christians but Cublai vnderstanding hereof called them all before him and said that the Crosse would not helpe such wicked men as Naiam who was a Traitour to his Lord say yee not therefore that the GOD of the Christians is vniust to forsake his followers for hee is the chiefe Bountie and Iustice Cublai by his Captaines conquered the Kindomes of Mien Bengala Mangi c. HONDIVS his Map of TARTARIA TARTARIA CHAP. XII A Continuation of the Tartarian Historie and the question discussed whether Cathay and China be the same and the iourney of BENEDICT GOES by land from Labor §. I. Of the Tartarian Succession to our dayes AFter Cublai can succeeded Tamor Can sonne to Cingis the eldest sonne of Cublai in whose time Haithon which then liued saith That there were besides three great Tartarian Princes but subiect to the great Can Chap● which ruled in Turquestan who was able to bring into the field foure hundred thousand Horsemen armed Hotchtay in the Kingdome of Cumania who was able to arme six hundred thousand horsemen to the wars but not so resolute as the former Carbanda the third ruled in Tauris able to assemble an Army of three hundred thousand Horse well prouided And all these liued in the Westerne bounds of the Tartarian Empire euerie way inferiour in wealth and numbers to the Southerly and Easterly parts thereof Tarik Mircond a Persian in his Catalogue of the Cans or Tartarian Emperours calleth Cublai by a transposition of the syllables Vlaku For thus doth hee recite their names with the yeeres of their coronations Chinguis in the yeere of the Hegira 602. Otkay Khaon 626. Gayuk Khaon 643. Manchu Khaon 644. Vlaku Khaon 657. Haybkay Khaon 663. Hamed Khan or Nicudar Oglan 680. Argon Khon 683. Ganiaru Khon 690. Budukhan 693. Gazunkhan 694. Alyaptukhan 703. Sulton Abuzayd Bahader Khan 716. These from Cublai or Vlaku are the Cans or Vice-royes of Persia and those parts adioyning and not the great Cans themselues But of these and of Tamerlane and his issue wee haue before related at large in the fourth Persian Dynastie I haue seene the transcript of a letter sent by King Edward the Second written 1307. in the first yeere of his reigne October 16. to Diolgietus King of the Tartars against Mahomet and in behalfe of William Liddensis Episcopus and others to preach to his people But these Tartars it seemeth were of the neerer Mahumetans and not the great Can of Cathay Since Tamor Can we haue not so continued a Historie of their Empire and Emperours as before and yet wee haue had succeeding testimonies a long time of their State and Magnificence but neither so diligent obseruers nor so exact Writers as the former besides that their Histories seeme in some things more fabulous Of this later sort are Odoricus a Frier which liued three yeeres in the Emperors Court and trauelled as farre as Quinsay who died in the yeere 1331. Sir Iohn Mandeuile our Country-man spent many yeere in those Countries a few yeeres after Odoricus and writ the Historie of his Trauels in the reigne of Edward the third of England Echiant Can being then Emperour of the Tartars in which if many things seeme not worthy credit yet are they such as Odoricus or some others not of the worst Authors had before committed to writing and haply by others after his time in those dayes when Printing wanted foisted into his booke Once hee setteth downe the distances and passages of Countries so exactly as I thinke he could not then haue learned but by his owne Trauels After his time Nicholo di Conti a Venetian trauelled thorow India and Cathay after twentie fiue yeeres returning home and going to Eugenius the fourth then Pope to bee absolued because hee had denied the Christian Faith to saue his life his enioyned penance was truly to relate to Poggius tht Popes Secretarie his long peregrination This was in the yeere 1444. About the same time Iosafa Barbaro a Venetian in the yeere 1436. had learned of a Tartarian Embassadour which had beene at Cambalu and returning by Tana was entertained of the said Iosafa some particulars touching the great Cham and Cathay some part whereof he heard after confirmed by the mouth of Vsun-cassan the mightie Persian King in the yeere 1474. So that from the yeere 1246. thus farre we haue continued succession of the Cathayan Historie besides that which an Arabian hath written in this Historie of Tamerlane now extant in English §. II. The question discussed whether Cathay be the same with China I Am the more curious in naming these Authors lest any should thinke that which is written of this people to bee fabulous all these in a manner concurring in the most substantiall things and because many confound the Countries and affaires of China and Cathay The cause of both which opinions may bee because that in these last hundred yeeres and more in which more of the World then euer before hath been discouered yet nothing of moment is found out of this

and qualities of Newfoundland are related by Master Parkhurst Master Hayes Sir Geo. Peckham Stephen Parmenius Richard Clarke Master Christopher Carlile all whose Discourses and experiments hereof Master Hakluyt hath collected and bestowed on the World The North-part is inhabited the South is desart although fitter for habitation Besides the abundance of Cod heere are Herrings Salmons Thornbacke Oysters and Muskles with Pearles Smelts and Squids which two sorts come on shore in great abundance fleeyng from the deuouring Cod out of the frying-pan into the fire It is thought that there are Buffes and certayne that there are Beares and Foxes which before your face will rob you of your fish or flesh Before they come at Newfoundland by fifty leagues they passe the banke so they call certayne high ground as a veine of Mountaynes raysing themselues vnder the water about ten leagues in breath extending to the South infinitely on which is 30. fathome water before and after 200. Sir Hum. Gilbert tooke possession thereof by vertue of her Maiesties Commission Anno 1582. It is within Land a goodly Countrey naturally beautified with Roses sowne with Pease planted with stately trees and otherwise diuersified both for pleasure and profit And now our English Nation doe there plant and fixe a setled habitation a chiefe Actor and Authour of which businesse is Master Iohn Guy of Bristow who in the yeere 1608. sayled from Bristow in three and twenty dayes to Conception Bay in Newfoundland Of this Plantation and their wintrings and continuance there I haue seene diuers Relations with Master Hakluyt written by Master Guy William Colston c. In the yeere 1611. in October and Nouember they had scarsly sixe dayes frost or snow which presently thawed the rest of those moneths being warmer and dryer then in England December was also faire with some Frost Snow and Raine The winde in these three moneths variable from all parts Ianuary and February was most part Frost to mid March the wind most commonly Westerly and sometimes from the North. The Sunne often visited them with warme and comfortable rayes chasing away the Snow and not suffering the Brookes to be frozen ouer three nights with Ice able to beare a Dogge The Snow was neuer except in drifts aboue eighteene inches deepe They had there Filberds Fish Makerels Foxes in the winter Partridges white in the winter in Summer somewhat like ours but greater they are much afraid of Rauens They killed a Wolfe with a Mastiue and a Grey-hound Eastons piracies were some trouble to them Anno 1612. They found houses of Sauages which were nothing but poles set round and meeting in the top ten foot broad the fire in the middest couered with Deeres skins They are of reasonable stature beardlesse and in conditions like to those which Sir Martin Frobisher discouered broad-faced ful-eyed coloured on their faces and apparell with red Oaker Their Boats of Barke as in Canada twenty foot long foure and a halfe broad not weighing 100. weight made in forme of a new Moone which carry foure men and are by them carried to all places of their remoouings Their Patent was granted 1610. for Plantation betweene forty six and fifty two to bee gouerned by a Councell of twelue and a Treasurer There wintered 1612. 54. men six women and two children They killed there Beares Otters Sables sowed Wheat Rie Turneps Coleworts Their Winter till Aprill 1613. was dry and cleere with some frost and snow Diuers had the Scuruy whereto their Turneps there sowne were an excellent remedie no lesse then Cartiers Tree hereafter mentioned April was worse then the midst of Winter by reason of East-winds which came from the Ilands of Ice which the current bringeth at that time from the North. The same I haue seene confirmed by a letter of Thomas Dermer one of that Colony dated at Cupers Coue the ninth of September last 1616. In other moneths he saith the temperature is as in England He mentions Muske-cats and Musk-rats in those parts the fertilitie of the soyle in producing Pease Rie Barly and Oates probabilities of Metals with promises of more ful Relations hereafter Master Richard Whitborne hath lately published a Book of his Voyages to Newfoundland and obseruations there with certaine Letters also touching the new Plantations by English therein at the charges of Sir George Caluard written by Edward Winne N. H. c. §. II. The Voyages and Obseruations of IAQVIES CARTIER in Noua Francia NEere to Newfoundland in 47. degrees is great killing of the Morse or Sea-oxe In the I le of Ramea one small French ship in a small time killed fifteene hundred of them They are as great or greater then Oxen the Hide dressed is twice as thicke as a Buls hide It hath two teeth like Elephants but shorter about a foot long growing downwards out of the vpper iaw and therefore lesse dangerous dearer sold then Iuory and by some reputed an Antidote not inferiour to the Vnicornes horne The young ones are as good meate as Veale which the old will defend holding them in her armes or forefeet And with the bellies of fiue of the said fishes if so wee may call these Amphibia which liue both on land and water they make an Hogshead of traine Oyle Their skins are short-haired like Seales their face is like a Lions and might more fitly haue bin termed Sea-Lions then Sea-horses or Sea-oxen they haue foure feet no eares the hornes are about halfe an ell in length they vse to lye on the Ice a sunning and are soonest killed with a blow on the fore-head Some of our English sh●ps haue attempted this enterprize for the killing of the Morse but not all with like successe nor with so good as reported of Cherry Iland At Brions Iland is such abundance of Cods that Master Leighs company with foure hookes in little more then an houre caught 250. of them Neere to the same in the Gulfe of S. Lawrence are three termed the Ilands of Birds the soyle is sandy red but by reason of many Birds on them they looke white The birds sit as thicke as stones lie in a paued street or to vse Iaques Cartiers comparison as any field or Medow is of grasse Two of these Ilands are steepe and vpright as any wall that it is not possible to clime them On the other which is in 49. degrees 40. minutes and about a league in circuit they killed and filled two Boats in lesse then halfe an houre Besides them which they did eate fresh euery ship did powder fiue or six barrels of them There are an hundred fold as many houering about as within the Iland Some are as bigge as Iayes blacke and white with beakes like vnto Crowes their wings are no bigger then halfe ones hand and therefore they cannot flye high yet are they as swift neere the water as other Birds they are very fat these they called Aponatz a lesser kind which there aboundeth they named Godetz A

so many Deuils their feet alwayes and only agreeing in one stroke Landing at Kecoughtan the Sauages entertayned them with a dolefull noyse laying their faces to the ground and scratching the Earth with their nayles The Werowance of Rapahanna met them playing on a Flute of a Reed with a Crowne of Deeres haire coloured red fashioned like a Rose with a Chaine of Beads about his necke and Bracelets of Pearle hanging at his eares in each eare a Birds claw The women are of a modest proud behauiour with an Iron pounce and raze their bodies legges thighes and armes in curious knots and pourtraytures of Fowles Fishes Beasts and rub a painting into the same which will neuer out The Queene of Apametica was attired with a Coronet beset with many white bones her eares hanged with Copper a Chaine thereof six times compassing her necke The Maids shaue their heads all but the hinder part the Wiues weare it all of a length the Men weare the left locke long as is said already sometimes an ell which they tye when they please in an artificiall knot stucke with feathers the right side shauen The King of Paspahey was painted all blacke with hornes on his head like a Deuill He testifieth of their hard fare watching euery third night lying on the bare cold ground what weather soeuer came and warding the next day a small Can of Barley sodden in water being the sustinance for fiue men a day their drinke brackish and slimy water This continued fiue moneths The Virginians are borne white their haire blacke few haue beards and they plucke out the haires which would grow the women with two shels are their Barbers they are strong nimble and hardy inconstant timorous quicke of apprehension cautelous couetous of Copper and Beads they seldome forget an iniury and seldome steale from each other lest the Coniurers should bewray them which it is sufficient that these thinke they can doe They haue their Lands and Gardens in proper and most of them liue of their labour The cause of their blacknesse Master Rolph ascribes to their Oyntments which in their smokie Houses they vse euen as Bacon with vs is so coloured this within doores they vse against the fire abroad against the Sunne Master Wingfield sayth they would bee of good complexion if they would leaue painting which they vse on their face and shoulders He neuer saw any of them grosse or bald they would haue beards but that they pluck away the haires they haue one wife many Loues and are also Sodomites Their elder women are Cookes Barbers and for seruice the younger for dalliance The women hang their children at their backes in Summer naked in Winter vnder a Deere-skin They are of modest behauiour They seldome or neuer brawle in entertayning a stranger they spread a mat for him to sit downe and dance before him They weare their nailes long to flay their Deere they put Bow and Arrowes into their Childrens hand before they are sixe yeeres old In each eare commonly they haue three great holes whereat they hang Chaines Bracelets or Copper some weare in those holes a small Snake coloured greene and yellow neere halfe a yard long which crawling about his necke offereth to kisse his lips Others weare a dead Rat tied by the taile Their names are giuen them according to the humour of the Parents Their women they say are easily deliuered they wash in the Riuers their young Infants to make them hardie The women and children doe the houshold and field-worke the men disdayning the same and only delighting in fishing hunting warres and such manlike exercises the women plant reape beare burthens pound their Corne make baskets pots bread and doe their Cookery and other businesse They easily kindle fire by chasing a dry pointed sticke in a hole of a little square piece of wood Powhatan had aboue thirty Commanders or Wirrowances vnder him all which were not in peace only but seruiceable in Captaine Smiths Presidencie to the English and still as I haue beene told by some that haue since beene there they doe affect him and will aske of him Powhatan hath three Brethren and two Sisters to whom the Inheritance belongeth successiuely and not to his or their Sonnes till after their death and then the eldest Sisters Sonne inheriteth He hath his treasure of Skins Copper Pearles Beades and such like kept in a house for that purpose and there stored against the time of his buriall This House is fifty or threescore yards long frequented onely by Priests At the foure corners of this House stand foure Images as Sentinels one of a Dragon another of a Beare a third of a Leopard and the fourth of a Gyant He hath as many women as he will which when he is weary of he bestoweth on whom he best liketh His Will and Custome are the Lawes He executeth ciuill punishments on Malefactors as broyling to death being incompassed with fire and other tortures The other Werowances or Commanders so the word signifieth haue power of life and death and haue some twentie men some fortie some an hundred some many more vnder their command Some were sent to inquire for those which were left of Sir Walter Raleighs Colonie but they could learne nothing of them but that they were dead Powhatan was gone Southwards when our men came last thence some thought for feare of Opochancanough his younger Brother a man very gracious both with the people and the English iealous lest Hee and the English should conspire against him thinking that he will not returne but others thinke hee will returne againe His second Brother is Decrepit and lame His age is not so great as some haue reckoned the errour arising from the Virginian computation of yeeres they reckoning euery Spring and euery Fall seuerall yeeres So did Tomocomo at his comming into England marke vp his time accounting each day and because they sayled in the night when hee thought they would haue anchored by the shore each night another day CHAP. VII Of Florida §. I. Of the Acts of the Spanish and French in Florida And of the Soyle and Cities NExt to Virginia towards the South is situate Florida so called because it was first discouered by the Spaniards on Palme Sunday or as the most interprete Easter day which they call Pasqua Florida and not as Theuet writeth for the flourishing Verdure thereof The first finder after their account was Iohn Ponce of Leon in the yeere 1512. but wee haue before shewed that Sebastian Cabota had discouered it in the name of King Henrie the Seuenth of England This Region extendeth to the fiue and twentieth degree It runneth out into the Sea with a long point of Land as if it would eyther set barres to that swift current which there runneth out or point out the dangers of these Coasts to the hazardous Mariners Into the Land it stretcheth Westward vnto the borders of New Spaine and those other Countries

Almohades and had by him the Alcoran This Abdelmon or Abdel Mumen was he writeth the sonne of a Potter to whom Auentumerth a great Astronomer foretold his Royaltie To this Auentumerth did one Almehadi ioyne himselfe who interpreted the Alcoran contrary to the Bagdat Catholocisme and the interpretations of the Almoranides which then ruled in Africa whose helpe Abdel vsed to obtaine the Kingdome both of Africa and Spaine Hee buried Almohadi being dead very Royally not farre from Marocco where he is had in great veneration and prayers made to him and the followers of his sect called of him Almohadis To Abdel Mumen succeeded his Sonne Auen Iacob who being slaine in Portugall his Brother Aveniuseph succeeded and then his Sonne this Auen Mahomath with whom he saith were slaine two hundred thousand Moores the carkasses lying so thicke that they could scarce ride ouer them and yet in all the field no signe of bloud to be seene For two dayes space the Spanish Armie burne no wood for any vse but the Arrowes Launces and Pikes of the Moores burning of purpose and not onely for necessitie and yet scarcely consumed halfe With him perished the Almohades Thus farre Rodericus an eye-witnesse not much differing from Leo. I cannot omit that which Mathew Paris hath written of Iohn King of England about these times and in his owne dayes He sent saith he Thomas Herdinton and Radulph Fitz Nicolas Knights and Robert of London Clarke to Admirall Murmelius King of Marocco Africa and Spaine whom they commonly call Miramumelius to make offer vnto him of his Vassalage and that he would not onely hold the Land of him with payment of Tribute but would also change his Religion and accept the Mahumetan The Embassadours hauing declared their message the King or Emire Elmumenin to call him rightly shut vp the Booke whereon they found him reading and after a little deliberation thus answered I was now reading a Greeke Booke of a certaine wise man and a Christian called Paul whose wordes and deeds well please me this onely I like not that hee forsooke the Religion wherein he was borne and vnconstantly embraced another and the same I say of your Master God Almightie knowes that if I were without the Law and now to chuse This aboue all other should be my choise And then by diuers questions enforming himselfe better of the state of the Kingdome and of the King he grew into great passion and indignation against the King protesting that he thought him vnworthy to bee his Confederate and commanded the Embassadours neuer more to see his face The Author heard Robert of London one of those which were sent relate these things HONDIVS his Map of the Kingdome of Marocco MAROCCHI REGNUM §. II. Of the Kings of the Seriffian Familie ABout the yeere 1508 began to grow in name through Numidia a certaine Alsaique borne in Tigumedet in the Prouince of Dara beeing a subtill man and no lesse ambitious in minde then learned in those Sciences whereunto the Mahumetanes are most addicted Hee by confidence of his blood descended of their Prophet and of the diuisions of the States of Africa and the exploits there dayly atchieued by the Portugals attempted to make himselfe Lord of Mauritania Tingitana For this cause hee sent his three Sonnes Abdel Abnet and Mahomet to visit the Sepulchre of Mahomet Much was the reuerence and reputation of holinesse which they hereby acquired amongst that superstitious people which now beheld them as Saints and kissed their garments as most holy Reliques These failed not in their parts of the play to act as much deuotion as high contemplatiue lookes deepe fetched sighes and other passionate interiections of holinesse could expresse Ala Ala was their yernfull note their food was the peoples almes The old Father ioyning to see his proiects thus farre proceed and minding to strike whiles the Iron was hote sent two of them to Fez Amet and Mahumet where one of them was made Reader in the Amodonaccia the most famous Colledge of Fez and the younger was made Tutor to the Kings young sonnes Aduanced thus in fauour of the King and People by their Fathers aduice they apprehended the present occasion of the harmes sustained by the Arabians and Moores vnder the Portugals Ensignes they demanded Licence of the King to display a Banner against the Christians putting him in hope easily to draw those Moores to him and so to secure the Prouinces of Marocco In vaine were Mulley Nazer the Kings brother his allegations not to arme this Name of Sanctitie which being once victorious might grow insolent and forget dutie in minding a Kingdome They obtaine their desires and with a Drum and Banner with Letters of commendations to the Arabians and people of Barbary they are so attended with forces and fortunes that Ducala and all as farre as Cape de Guer stoopes to their command the people willingly yeelding their Tenths to this Holy warre against the Portugals enemies of their Faith Hereunto was added the ouerthrow which they gaue to Lopes Barriga a famous Portugall Captaine the brightnesse of that sun-shine being somewhat eclipsed with the losse of their elder brother if rather a Monarchie were not hereby furthered By faire words they entered into Marocco The Arabians of Ducala and Xarquia about this time trying their quarrels by dint of Sword in mutuall conflicts presented a fit occasion to the Seriffs to prey vpon them both their strength hauing made them weake and their weaknesse making the other strong And now did they begin to vsurpe soueraigntie presenting their Fessan King with sixe Horses and sixe Camels and those but simple whom before they had acknowledged their Soueraigne with payment of the fifths of their spoile The King of Fez before applauding his owne victories in theirs began now to distaste and to distrust hee sends to them to demand his fifths and the tribute also formerly paide him by the Kings of Marocco Death the common enemie of Mankinde here interposed her selfe on the Seriffian part and tooke the King of Fez out of the world the Scepter descending to his Sonne Amet the Scholler of the young Seriff who not onely proceeded not in his Fathers demands but confirmed Amet in the Signiorie of Marocco so that in some small matters hee would acknowledge the soueraigntie of Fez But now the Seriffs whose hearts continually encreased with their fortunes sent him word that being lawfull successours to Mahomet they owed no man tribute and had more right in Africa then he if hee would respect them as his friends and Allies so it were if otherwise they which had power to offend the Christian should not bee destitute in defending themselues The sword the vnequalle starbiter of equitie is now made vmpire the Fessan proclaimeth warres besiegeth Marocco is dislodged and in his returne vanquished Thus haue the Seriffs acquited themselues of that yoake and now intend new conquests on the other side of Atlas and in Numidia and in

but a Bay and vncertaine what that of Hudson is the most of which is discouered impassible Yet Hopes are not quite extinct we must expect Gods pleasure and future Discoueries for this passage It seemes that most of all those Seas in the North parts beyond New-found-land are intermixed with Ilands a Maze and Labyrinth to the Discouerer In this Voyage and Bay they saw many of those fishes called Sea-Vnicornes such as wee haue mentioned in Sir Martin Frobishers Nauigation some of which fishes are twelue or sixteene foot long the horne seeming to hold the proportion of two thirds in length to their bodies and of these it seemes are those in Venice and other places reserued as great Iewels Greater Iewels are those Merchants and Mariners which to the glory of our Nation spare no cost and feare no danger in these their attempts Resolute gallant glorious attempts which thus seeke to tame Nature where she is most vnbridled in those Northeasterly Northwesterly Northerly Borders where she shewes her selfe al Borderer indeed and to subdue her to that gouernment and subiection which God ouer all blessed for euer hath imposed on all sensible creatures to the nature of Man resembling in one Image and abridgment both God and the World consisting of a spirituall and bodily visible and inuisible subsistence How shall I admire your Heroike courage yee Marine Worthies beyond all names of worthinesse that neyther dread so long eyther presence or absence of the Sunne nor those foggie mysts tempestuous winds cold blasts Snowes and Haile in the Ayre nor the vnequall Seas which might amaze the hearer and amate the beholder where the Tritons and Neptunes selfe would quake with chilling feare to behold such monstrous Icie Ilands renting themselues with terrour of their owne massines and disdayning otherwise both the Seas souereigntie and the Suns hottest violence mustering themselues in those watery Plaines where they hold a continual ciuill warre and rushing one vpon another make windes and waues giue backe seeming to rent the eares of others whiles they rent themselues with crashing and splitting their congealed Armours nor the riggid ragged face of the broken Lands sometimes towring themselues in a lofty height to see if they can find refuge from those snowes and colds that continuall beate them somtimes hiding themselues vnder some hollow Hilles or Cliffes sometimes sinking and shrinking into Valleyes looking pale with snowes and falling in frozen and dead swounds sometimes breaking their necks into the Sea rather imbracing the waters then the Ayres cruelty and otherwhile with horrible Earthquakes in heat of indignation shaking asunder to shake off this cold and heauy yoke Great God to whom all names of greatnesse are little and lesse then nothing let me in silence admire and worship thy greatnesse are little and lesse then nothing let mee in silence admire and worship thy greatnesse that in this little Heart of man not able to serue a Kite for a a breake-fast hast placed such greatnesse of spirit as the World is too little to fill only Thy selfe the Prototype and Samplar of this Modell canst with thine owne selfe becomming all in all vnto vs fill and more then satisfie Thee I beseech to prosper in this and like attempts this Nation of ours that as in greater light then to Others thou hast giuen vs thy Sonne so with him thou wilt giue all things euen this among other blessings that thy Virgin Truth by Virginian Plantation or Northerly Discouery may triumph in her conquests of Indian infidelity maugre the brags of that Adulteresse that vaunteth her selfe to be the only Darling of God and Nature CHAP. IIII. Of Newfoundland Noua Francia Arambec and other Countries of America extending to Virginia §. I. English Discoueries and Plantations in Newfoundland LEauing those vnknowne and frozen Lands and Seas although there is yet knowne no frozen Sea otherwise then as you haue heard let vs draw somwhat neerer the Sunne gently marching as the situation of Regions shall direct vs lest if we should suddenly leape from one extremitie to another wee should rather exchange then auoid danger And here we haue by Land Saguenay and many Countries of Canada which the French haue stiled by a new name of New France and by the Sea the Ilands many in number and much frequented for their plenty of fish commonly called Newfoundland which name some ascribe to an I le others to diuers Ilands and broken Lands which the French call Bacalos vpon the gulfe and entrance of the great Riuer called Saint Lawrence in Canada This Riuer some call the Strait of the three Brethren some Saint Lawrence and others Canada It farre exceedeth any Riuer of the elder World It beginneth sayth Iaques Cartier beyond the Iland of Assumption ouer against the high Mountaynes of Honbuedo and of the seuen Ilands The distance from one side to the other is about fiue and thirtie or forty leagues In the middest it is about two hundred fathome deepe There are great store of Whales and Sea-horses From the entrance vp to Hochelaga is three hundred leagues Many Ilands are before it offering of their good nature to be mediators betweene this haughty streame and the angry Ocean many others all alongst his passage he holdeth in his louing vnlouely lap washing and hugging them with his ruder imbracings The former are vsually frequented and were first discouered by the English the other by the French Of Sebastian Cabot his proceeding this way is spoken already Robert Thorne in a Treatise of his before mentioned affirmeth that his Father and one Master Eliot were the Discouerers of the Newfoundland and exhorted King Henry to vndertake the search of the Indies by the Pole which he held to be nauigable Vpon this motion 1527. the King sent two ships as Hall and Grafton mention in their Chronicles one of which ships was cast away about the North parts of Newfoundland the other shaping her course towards Cape Briton and the Coasts of Arambec or as some call it Norumbega returned home Iohn Rut wrote a Discourse hereof to the Honourable Kings Grace of England that I may borrow his owne words wherein he declareth their coasting and the height of some places as Cape Bas in 52. degrees and 25. leagues thence Cape Ras c. They found there eleuen Sayle of Normans one Briton and two Portugall Barkes fishing Albertus de Prate another of them wrote another Iournall to Cardinall Wolsey More tragicall was the successe of Master Hores company which set our nine yeeres after in this Discouery but by famine were brought to such extremities that many of the company were murthered and eaten by their fellowes And those which returned were so altered that Sir William Buts a Norfolke Knight and his Lady knew not their Sonne Master Thomas Buts one of this starued number but by a secret marke namely a War● which Nature had sealed on one of his knees The commod ties

widest and to vomit out betweene these cleauing morsels into the Oceans lap so many streames and so farre is it from the Northerne and Southerne extremes three hundred miles distant The Inhabitants on the Northerne branches are the Tiuitiuas a goodly and valiant people which haue the most manly speech and most deliberate saith Sir Walter that euer I heard of what Nation so euer In the Summer they haue houses on the ground as in other places In the Winter they dwell vpon the trees where they build very artificiall Townes and Villages for betweene May and September the Riuer of Orenoque riseth thirtie foot vpright and then are those Ilands ouerflowne twenty foot high except in some few raised grounds in the middle This waterie store when the clouds are so prodigall of more then the Riuers store-house can hold whereby they become violent intruders and incrochers vpon the Land and not the violence of cold giueth this time the Title of Winter These Tiuitiuas neuer eate of any thing that is set or sowne Natures nurslings that neither at home nor abroad will be beholden to the Arte or Labour of Husbandry They vse the tops of Palmitos for bread and kill Deere Fish and Porke for the rest of their sustenance They which dwell vpon the branches of Orenoque called Capuri and Macureo are for the most part Carpenters of Canoas which they sell into Guiana for gold and into Trinidado for Tobacco in the excessiue taking whereof they exceed all Nations When a Commander dieth they vse great lamentation and when they thinke the flesh of their bodies is putrified and fallen from the bones they take vp the carkasse againe and hang it vp in the house where he had dwelt decking his skull with feathers of all colours and hanging his gold-plates about the bones of his arms thighs and legs The Arwacas which dwell on the South of Orenoque beat the bones of their Lords into powder which their wiues and friends drinke As they passed along these streames their eyes were entertained with a Pageant of Shewes wherein Nature was the onely Actor here the Deere came downe feeding by the waters side as if they had desired acquaintance with these new-come guests there the Birds in vnspeakeable varietie of kinds and colours rendering their seruice to the eye and eare the Lands either in large plaines of many miles bearing their beautifull bosomes adorned with Floraes embroidery of vnknown Flowres and Plants and prostrating themselues to the eye that they might be seene or else lifting vp thēselues in Hils knitting their furrowed brows and strouting out their goggle eyes to watch their treasure which they keepe imprisoned in their stony walls and now to see these strangers the Waters as the Graces dancing with mutuall and manifold embracings of diuers streames attended with plenty of Fowle and Fish both Land and Water feasting varietie of senses with varietie of obiects onely the Crocodile a creature which seemeth Vassall now to the land now to the Water but to make prey on both wel-nigh marred the Play and turned this Comedie into a Tragedie euen in their sight feasting himselfe with a Negro of their company One leuell passed hence to Cumana an hundred and twenty leagues to the North wherein dwell the Sayma the Assawai the Wikiri and the Aroras a people as blacke as Negros but with smooth haire Their poisoned Arrowes like cruell Executioners doe not onely kill but with vncouth torments make death to be as the last so the least of their fury especially if men drinke after they are wounded At the Port of Morequito they anchored and the King being an hundred and ten yeeres old came afoot fourteene miles to see them and returned the same day They brought them store of fruits and a sort of Paraquitos no bigger then Wrens and an Armadilla which seemeth to be all barred ouer with small plates somewhat like to a Rhinoceros with a white horne growing in his hinder-parts as big as a great hunting horne which they vse to winde in stead of a Trumpet They after eate this beast Monardus saith it is in bignesse and snout like a Pigge liues vnder the earth as a Moule and is thought to liue on earth They passed further till they came in sight of those strange ouer-fals of Caroli of which there appeared ten or twelue in sight euery one as high ouer the other as a Church-Tower They had sight at Winicapora of a Mountaine of Cristall which appeared a farre off like a white Church-Tower of an exceeding height There falleth ouer it a mighty Riuer which toucheth no part of the side of the Mountain but rushing ouer the top falleth to the ground with so terrible noise as if a thousand great bels were knocked one against another No maruell of these roaring out-cries if we consider that double penalty of Sense and Losse which this Riuer seemeth to sustaine the one in that dreadfull downfall bruising and breaking his vnited streames into drops and making it foming and senselesse with this falling-sicknesse the other in leauing behinde his Cristall purchase further enriched with Diamonds and other Iewels which euen now hee embraced in his waterie armes but himselfe such is the course and curse of couetousnesse will not suffer himselfe to enioy Now for the Monsters of Men there are said to be not seene by our men but reported by the Sauages and other an Amazonian Nation further South which Gomara thinkes to bee but the wiues of some Indians a thing common as you haue euen now read shooting and following the warres no lesse then their husbands Once about Iucatan about Plata about the Riuer called of this supposition Amazones about Monomotapa in Africa our Age hath told but no man hath seene this Vnimammian Nation Yet here they speake not of searing of the brest and what need they if there bee such seeing the women are so good Archers in other places their brests notwithstanding Againe they tell of men with mouthes in their brests and eyes in their shoulders called Chiparemoi and of the Guianians Ewiaponomos very strong and of others headed like Dogges which liue all the day time in the Sea These things are strange yet I dare not esteeme them fabulous onely as not too prodigall of faith I suspend till some eye-intelligence of some of our parts haue testified the truth §. II. Relations and discoueries thereof by other Englishmen FRANCIS SPARREY left in Guiana by Sir W. Raleigh 1595. hath also written of these parts He relateth of a place called Comalaha Southwards from Orenoque where at certain times they sell women as at a faire He saith he bought eight the eldest of which was not eighteene for a Red-hafted Knife which in England cost a halfe-peny he gaue them to the Sauages Hee was afterwards sent Prisoner into Spaine Anno 1604. Captaine Charles Leigh set saile from Woolwich on the one and twentieth of March for Guiana May 10. he came