Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	write_v	year_n	young_a	98	3	6.0110	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33345	A true and faithful account of the four chiefest plantations of the English in America to wit, of Virginia, New-England, Bermudus, Barbados : with the temperature of the air, the nature of the soil, the rivers, mountains, beasts, fowls, birds, fishes, trees, plants, fruits, &c. : as also, of the natives of Virginia, and New-England, their religion, customs, fishing, hunting, &c. / collected by Samuel Clarke ...	Clarke, Samuel, 1599-1682.	1670 (1670)	Wing C4558; ESTC R17743	124,649	128

very witty and ingenious people They keep account of the time by the Moon or by Sommers or Winters They know divers of the Stars by name They have also many names for the Winds They will guess shrewdly at the Wind and Weather before hand by observations in the Heavens Their Language is very copious and large and hard to be learned And though in an hundred miles distance their Languages differ yet not so much but they can understand each other Instead of Records and Chonicles where any Remarkable Act is done in memory of it either in the very place or by some Path neer adjoyning they make a round hole in the Ground a foot deep and as much over which when others passing by behold they enquire the cause and occasion of it which being once known they carefully acquaint others with it And lest such holes should be filled as men pass by they will oft renew them So that if a man travels and can understand his Guide his Journey will be less tedious by the many Historical Discourses that will be related to him You have heard before of the State of New-England in the year 1633. when she was but in her childhood but being now grown up to more maturity Take this account of it which was written by a Reverend Minister in January 1668 9 who had lived there 40. years and therefore hath great reason and good opportunities to be acquainted with the condition of it WHen we came first to new-New-England in the year 169. there was then but one Town in the Country viz. that of New-Plimmouth which had stood alone for nine years From that time to this year now beginning 1669. is just fourty years in which time there has been an increase of fourty Churches in this Colony but many more in the rest And Towns in all New-England 120. which for the most part lie along the Sea Coast for somewhat more than two hundred miles only upon Connecticut River there are thirteen Towns lying neer together and about the Massacusets Bay here are above thirty Towns within two three four or five miles asunder And from the Sea which hath rendred Boston a very considerable place and the Metropolis of New-England all the other Towns on the Sea Coast and those in the Country depending upon it I have lately heard some Merchants that knew old Boston say that this is far bigger and hath ten times more Trade than that having many Ships and Catches and they say no less than an hundred Catches went from the Country this winter to trade in Virginia besides many others to the West Indies and to several parts of Europe It was doubted for some years whether there would be a staple Commodity in New-England but God and time have shewed many as Furs Fish Masts Pipestaves and Deal-board and such plenty of Corn and Cattel that abundance of Provision has been yearly transported for the supply of English Plantations the West-Indies and other parts in so much as though many Gentlemen of great Estates in the first year spent their Estates and some of them that were very brave men of publick spirits were brought very low both they and theirs Yet in the latter years many that have risen out of the dust by a way of Trading and Merchandising have grown unto great Estates some to ten others to twenty yea thirty or fourty thousand pound estate In the year 1643. began the combination of the united Colonies of New-England which have much encrersed since then every one of them having their distinct Pattents except New-Haven which for want of a Pattent was since the coming in of our King taken into the Colony of Connecticut And though very many of the first commers are now dead and gone yet there is grown up such a numerous Posterity here that it 's thought there are twenty times more English people now in the Country then ever came into it And it 's believed by many observing men that there are many above ten hundred thousand souls Most of the first Magistrates are dead and not above two left in the Massacusets but one in Plymouth one at Connecticut and not one at New-Haven There came over from England at several times chiefly before the year 1640. ninety fore Ministers of which twenty seven returned to England again and there are now dead in the Country thirty six and as yet living in the Country thirty one The Ministers bred up in New-England are one hundred thirty two of which two are dead in the Country fourty one have removed to England most of them from our Colledges besides other Schollars that have in England turned to other Professions and eighty one that are now living in the Country employed in the Ministery in several places There have been several Synods in New-England The first at Cambridge in the year 1637. wherein the Antinomian and Familistical Errors were confuted and condemned by the Word of God The second at Cambridge in the year 1646. wherein the Magistrates power and Duty in Matters of Religion and the Nature and Power of Synods was cleared The third in the year 1648. where it was declared that in Point of Doctrine these Churches consented to the Confession of Faith put forth by the Assembly at Westminster and in Point of Discipline the Platform of the Discipline of these Churches was then published The fourth was at Boston in the year 1662. concerning the Subject of Baptism and Consociation of Churches It hath pleased the Lord to give such a blessing to the Gospel among the Indians that in divers places there are not only many civilized but divers that are truly Godly and shame the English and are much hated by others of their own Country men though that Work has met with many Obstructions and Remoraes chiefly by the Death of some of the Choicest Instruments and many of the best of the Indians Yet it may be well believed that there is such a Seed of the Gospel scattered among them which will grow unto a further Harvest in God's time THE DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLAND OF BARBADOS With an Account of the Trees Plants Herbs Roots Fowls Birds Beasts Fishes Insects c. As also of their Sugar-Canes Ingenio's and manner of making their Sugars THE first Discovery made of this Island was by a Ship of Sir William Curte'us which returning from Pernambock in Brasile being driven by foul Weather upon this Coast chanced to fall upon this Island which is not far out of the way being one of the most Windwardly Islands of all the Carribies and Anchoring before it they stayed some time to inform themselves of the nature of of the place which by tryals in several places they found to be so over grown with Wood as that there could be no Champion Ground discovered wheron to Plant Nor found they any Beasts or Cattel there save Hoggs whereof there were abundance The Portugals having long before put some on shore for breed

of all necessaries was sent for the Colony to the value of 2000. l. besides Goods sent by private persons great store Twenty five persons were sent to build Boats Pinnaces and ships for the use of the Colony in the Fishing Trade and for further discovery The Plants of Cotten Wool Trees prosper well and so did Indigo Seeds Oranges Lemons Sugar Canes Cassary Pines Plantanes Potatoes and sundry other Indian Fruits Some of the English East-India Company gave seventy pound eight shillings sixpence towards the building of a Free Schoole in Virginia to be called the East-India School Another unknown person added to it the sum of thirty pound And another sent in Gold twenty five pound Another unknown person gave thirty pound for which there was to be allowed fourty shillings a year for ever for a Sermon Preached before the Virginia Company Another gave a rich Bible and a great Church Bible and other Books to be sent to Virginia and an exact Map of America The Books were valued at ten pound Mr. Tho. Bargrave a Minister in Virginia when he died left for the use of the Colledge his Library worth one hundred Marks 〈◊〉 Anno Christi 1621. The treacherous Natives notwithstanding all the Courtesies and kind Usage by the English to them most Perfidiously and Treacherously murthered above three hundred of them and would have done the like to all the rest but that God through his infinite Goodness and Mercy moved the heart of one of them who was Converted to Christianity to Discover the same a few hours before it was put in Execution the like Massacres have been since A DESCRIPTION OF THE BERMUDAS OR Sommers Islands THE FIRST DISCOVERY AND PLANTATION of it by the ENGLISH The Temperature of the Aier The Nature of the Soil Trees Plants Fruits Hearbs Fishes Fowls and other Commodities thereof THese Islands were first Discovered by one Bermudas from whence they received that name and afterwards from Sr. George Sommers an English-man they were called Sommers Islands They lie in the Western Ocean and in that part of the World commonly called America and vulgarly the West-Indies Their Latitude or Elevation is 32. Degrees 25. Minutes which is almost the same with the Madaeraes They are environed round about with Rocks which North-ward and Westward and Southward extend far by reason whereof they are very strong there being only three places whereby Ships can come into them which places also are well fortified But within there is room to entertain a great Fleet In most places the Rocks appear at a low water and are not much covered at an high water for it Ebbs and Flows there not above five Foot The Shoar for the most part is a Rock so hardned by the Sun Wind and Sea that it s not apt to be worn by the Waves whose violence also is broken by the Rocks before they come at the Shoar The mould is of diverse colours neither Clay nor Sand but betwixt both The red which resembleth Clay is worst The white resembing Sand and blackish is good the brown betwixt them both is best Under the Mould two or three foot deep is a kind of white substance which they call Rock the Trees usually fasten their roots in it and draw their nourishment from it neither indeed is it Rock or Stone nor so hard though for the most part harder than Chalk not so white but like a Pumice and Spongy easily receiving and retaining much water and in some places Clay is found under it The hardest kind of it which is commonly under the red ground is not so spongy nor retains much water but lies in the ground like Quarries as it were thick slates one upon another Most of their fresh water whereof they have good store comes out of the Sea drayning through the sand or thorow the aforesaid substance which they call the Rock and leaving its saltness behind it in the passage becometh fresh Somtimes they dig Wells of fresh water within four or five paces of the Sea-side and usually they Ebb and Flow as the Sea doth The Air is most commonly clear very temperate moist with a moderate heat very healthful and apt for the Generation and nourishing of all things so that there is scarce any thing that is transported from England thither but it yields a far greater encrease and if it be any living thing it becomes fatter and better liking then in England By which means the Countrey was so replenished with Hens and Turkeys within the space of three or four years not being looked after many of them forsook the Houses and became wild and so encreased abundantly the like encrease there was of Hogs and other Cattle according to their kinds There seems to be a continual Spring which is the cause that some few things come not to that maturity and perfection as were requisite And though the Trees do shed their leaves yet are they always full of green Their Corn is the same which is used in most parts of the West-Indies to wit Maiz which to such as are used to it is more hearty and nourishing than our English Wheat and yields a far greater encrease as sometimes a pound of one or two graines Of this Corn and divers other things without either plowing or diging the ground they have two Harvests every year For they set about March which they gather in July and again in August which is ripe in December And little slips of Fig-Trees and Vines do usually bear fruit within a year after they are planted sometimes in half a year the like fertility they have in other things There is scarce at any time to be perceived either Frost or Snow nor any extream heat for there is alwayes some wind stirring which clears and cools the Air Their Summers and Winters observe the same times with ours but their longest dayes and nights are shorter than ours in England by almost two hours and an half as also their shortest dayes and nights are as much longer then ours For their longest dayes are about fourteen hours and their shortest ten When its noon with us its morning with them and when it s about five a Clock in the evening with us its noon with them so that while the Sun declines with us it rises with them as also it doth in Virginia its apt to Thunder and Lighten all the year long and oft times more terrible than in England yet never any are hurt by it There is no Venemous Creature in this Country the yellow Spider which is there making her Webb as it were of Silk and bringing forth her young of Eggs like little drops of quick-silver neither is it perceived to be Venemous yet there is a plant that climbs Trees like our Ivy the leafe like that of a Vine that is somewhat venomous but of no great force There is great store and variety of Fish and so good as these parts of the World afford not the