torture_v they_o to_o discover_v where_o their_o treasure_n be_v break_v up_o all_o the_o tomb_n pillage_v and_o burn_v the_o abbey_n with_o all_o the_o edifice_n thereof_o leave_v it_o a_o mere_a ruinous_a heap_n then_o march_v on_o lay_v all_o the_o country_n waste_v before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n spare_v neither_o person_n age_n nor_o sex_n they_o cast_v down_o burn_v destroy_v and_o level_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o goodly_a monastery_n of_o bradney_n peterborough_n huntingdon_n ely_n with_o sundry_a other_o murder_v as_o well_o all_o the_o monk_n as_o nun_n therein_o which_o their_o merciless_a sword_n after_o they_o have_v first_o pollute_v they_o to_o avoid_v who_o barbarous_a rape_n 383._o ebba_n abbess_n of_o coldingham_n and_o her_o nun_n by_o her_o example_n and_o persuasion_n cut_v off_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o nose_n to_o deform_v themselves_o to_o their_o lascivious_a eye_n which_o bloody_a spectacle_n preserve_v their_o chastity_n from_o their_o lust_n but_o not_o their_o monastery_n or_o body_n from_o their_o cruelty_n they_o burn_v they_o and_o their_o nunnery_n to_o ash_n 870._o 2.4_o after_o which_o the_o same_o year_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n march_v against_o st._n edmund_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 855._o be_v choose_v king_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la illius_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la et_fw-la populis_fw-la by_o all_o the_o nobless_a and_o people_n of_o that_o realm_n be_v spring_v from_o the_o ancient_a royal_a blood_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o compel_v to_o take_v the_o government_n on_o he_o much_o against_o his_o will_n be_v then_o but_o 13_o year_n old_a and_o consecrate_a king_n by_o bishop_n humbert_n in_o the_o royal_a town_n call_v bury_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o malice_n to_o this_o king_n as_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n write_v be_v this_o that_o he_o be_v malicious_o accuse_v to_o have_v murder_v their_o father_n lothbroc_n drive_v by_o a_o sudden_a storm_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n into_o england_n as_o he_o be_v hawk_v at_o fowl_n by_o this_o king_n faulkoner_n who_o have_v murder_v himself_o out_o of_o mere_a malice_n be_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o knight_n and_o lawyer_n banish_v the_o realm_n and_o put_v alone_o into_o lothbrocs_n boat_n without_o oâ—re_n or_o sail_n for_o murder_v he_o and_o so_o send_v to_o sea_n be_v drive_v in_o it_o into_o denmark_n to_o excuse_v himself_o he_o malicious_o accuse_v the_o king_n of_o this_o murder_n to_o these_o his_o son_n who_o thereupon_o invade_v england_n with_o a_o army_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o at_o this_o time_n so_o extraordinary_o prevail_v aâ—d_v overrun_v the_o land_n be_v the_o civil_a discord_n war_n and_o emulation_n among_o the_o saxon_a king_n who_o either_o out_o of_o malice_n or_o ambition_n to_o advance_v their_o own_o dominion_n or_o base_a unworthy_a fear_n will_v rather_o induce_v these_o common_a enemy_n to_o overrun_v they_o than_o assist_v one_o another_o against_o they_o which_o 42._o william_n of_o malmesburie_n thus_o express_v meminerit_fw-la interea_fw-la lector_n quod_fw-la interim_n reges_fw-la merciorum_fw-la et_fw-la northanimbrorum_fw-la captata_fw-la occasione_n â—dventus_fw-la danorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la bellis_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la iâ—sudabat_fw-la a_o servitio_fw-la west-saxonum_n respirantes_fw-la dominaâ—ionem_fw-la svam_fw-la penè_fw-la asseruerant_fw-la ardebant_fw-la ergo_fw-la cunctae_fw-la saevis_fw-la popularibus_fw-la provinciae_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la regum_fw-la inimicos_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la sedibus_fw-la sustinere_fw-la quam_fw-la compatrioâ—is_fw-la laborantibus_fw-la opem_fw-la porrigere_fw-la curabat_fw-la ita_fw-la dum_fw-la maluit_fw-la vindicare_fw-la quam_fw-la praevenire_fw-la injuriam_fw-la socordiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la exanguem_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la patriam_fw-la dani_n sine_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la succressere_fw-la dum_fw-la et_fw-la provincialibus_fw-la timor_fw-la incresceret_fw-la et_fw-la proxima_fw-la quaeq_fw-la victoria_fw-la per_fw-la additamentum_fw-la captiâ—orum_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la sequentis_fw-la fieret_fw-la etc._n etc._n northanimbri_n jamdudâ—m_fw-la civilibus_fw-la dissentionibus_fw-la â—luctuantes_n adventante_fw-la host_n correxerunt_fw-la discordiam_fw-la itaque_fw-la osbirthum_fw-la regem_fw-la quem_fw-la expulerant_fw-la in_fw-la solium_fw-la reformaâ—tes_fw-la magnosque_fw-la moliti_fw-la paratus_fw-la obviam_fw-la procâ—dunt_fw-la sed_fw-la facilè_fw-la pulsi_fw-la infra_fw-la urbem_fw-la eboracum_n se_fw-la includunt_fw-la quâ_fw-la mox_fw-la à _fw-la victoribus_fw-la succensâ_fw-la cum_fw-la laxos_fw-la crines_fw-la effusior_fw-la flamma_fw-la produceret_fw-la tota_fw-la depascens_fw-la maenia_fw-la ipsi_fw-la quoque_fw-la conflagrati_fw-la patriam_fw-la ossibus_fw-la texêre_fw-la suis_fw-la mercii_n non_fw-la semel_fw-la obtriti_fw-la obsidatu_fw-la miserias_fw-la svas_fw-la levaverunt_fw-la at_o vero_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la multis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la infractus_fw-la obiit_fw-la orientalium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la pagi_fw-la cum_fw-la urbibus_fw-la et_fw-la vicis_fw-la à _fw-la praedonibus_fw-la possessi_fw-la rex_fw-la eorum_fw-la sanctus_fw-la edmundus_n ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la interemptust_fw-la anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 870._o 12_o calendas_fw-la decembris_fw-la temporaneae_fw-la mortis_fw-la compendio_fw-la regnum_fw-la emit_fw-la aeternum_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o king_n edmund_n martyrdom_n 3._o historian_n thus_o relate_v an._n 870._o hinguar_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n invade_v king_n edmund_n realm_n with_o a_o great_a power_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o king_n edmund_n to_o demand_v the_o half_a of_o his_o treasure_n and_o wealth_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o realm_n under_o he_o threaten_v otherwise_o to_o waste_v his_o kingdom_n and_o extirpate_v he_o and_o his_o people_n sed_fw-la nimis_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la hinguar_n thesauros_fw-la exigebat_fw-la qui_fw-la clementissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la caput_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la pecuntas_fw-la sitiebat_fw-la write_v 370._o matthew_n westminster_n where_o upon_o bishop_n humbeâ—t_n advise_v he_o to_o fly_v â—rom_o the_o dane_n who_o approach_v with_o their_o force_n towards_o he_o to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o king_n wisheâ—_n will_v to_o god_n that_o i_o may_v preserve_v the_o life_n of_o my_o subject_n for_o who_o i_o desire_v to_o lay_v down_o my_o life_n for_o this_o be_v my_o chief_a wish_n that_o i_o may_v not_o survive_v my_o faithful_a subject_n and_o most_o dear_a friend_n which_o this_o cruâ—l_a pirate_n have_v thievish_o slay_v neither_o will_v i_o stain_v my_o glory_n by_o slâ—ght_n who_o never_o yet_o sustain_v the_o reproach_n of_o waâ—re_n the_o heavenly_a king_n also_o be_v my_o witness_n that_o no_o fear_n of_o the_o barbarian_n shall_v separate_v i_o from_o the_o love_n of_o christ_n whether_o live_v or_o dead_a then_o turn_v to_o the_o messenger_n of_o hinguar_n he_o say_v thou_o be_v worthy_a to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v wâ—t_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o my_o people_n but_o imitate_v the_o example_n of_o my_o christ_n if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v i_o be_o not_o afraid_a willing_o to_o die_v for_o they_o return_v therefore_o speedy_o to_o thy_o master_n and_o carry_v my_o answer_n to_o he_o although_o thou_o take_v away_o my_o treasure_n and_o riches_n whiâ—h_v the_o divine_a clemency_n have_v give_v i_o by_o thy_o power_n yet_o thou_o shall_v never_o subject_v i_o to_o thy_o infidelity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o honest_a thing_n to_o defend_v perpetual_a liberty_n together_o with_o purity_n of_o religion_n for_o which_o also_o if_o there_o be_v need_n we_o think_v it_o not_o unprofitable_a to_o die_v therefore_o as_o thy_o proud_a cruâ—lâ—y_n have_v begin_v after_o the_o servant_n slaughter_n cut_v thou_o the_o king_n throatâ—_n because_o the_o king_n of_o king_n see_v these_o thing_n 8._o will_v translate_v i_o into_o heaven_n there_o to_o reign_v eternal_o the_o messenger_n depart_v the_o king_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n aâ—firmingâ—_n that_o it_o be_v a_o worthy_a thing_n to_o fight_v both_o for_o their_o faith_n and_o country_n nota._n leâ—t_v they_o shall_v prove_v deserver_n of_o their_o realm_n and_o betrayer_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o bishop_n humbert_n his_o noble_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o near_o thedford_n fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n the_o place_n be_v all_o die_v red_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o slay_v aâ—_n which_o grievoâ—â—â—ight_a king_n edmund_n be_v much_o grieve_v not_o only_o for_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n â—ightâ—ing_v for_o their_o country_n &_o native_a liberty_n &_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n &_o so_o already_o â—rouned_v with_o martyrdom_n but_o likewise_o for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o barbarous_a infidel_n send_v down_o to_o hell_n in_o great_a number_n which_o he_o overmuch_o lament_v after_o which_o battle_n retire_v to_o hegelsdun_n with_o his_o force_n that_o be_v leave_v he_o immutable_o resolve_v in_o his_o mind_n never_o to_o fight_v battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n more_o say_v only_o this_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o alone_o shall_v die_v for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a nation_n perish_v soon_o after_o hinguars_n army_n be_v recrute_v by_o the_o access_n of_o hubba_n to_o
and_o other_o officer_n nor_o burden_v with_o unjust_a exaction_n or_o contribution_n yea_o by_o his_o large_a aâ—mes_n and_o giâ—â—s_v he_o â—ent_v to_o romeâ—_n â—_z 1_o he_o procure_v the_o english_a school_n to_o be_v free_v from_o all_o tax_n and_o tribute_n by_o the_o pope_n special_a bull._n and_o we_o never_o read_v he_o impose_v the_o least_o public_a tax_n upon_o his_o subject_n during_o all_o his_o war_n and_o exigence_n by_o his_o own_o regal_a power_n upon_o any_o pretext_n of_o public_a necessity_n danger_n defence_n or_o safety_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o numerous_a invade_v plunder_v danish_a force_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n which_o our_o late_a and_o present_a egyptian_a tax-master_n may_v do_v well_o to_o consider_v 894._o 23._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 894._o this_o king_n alfred_n and_o guthurn_n the_o dane_n give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n in_o durham_n all_o the_o land_n between_o weor_n and_o tyne_n for_o a_o perpetual_a succession_n free_a from_o all_o custom_n and_o secular_a service_n 10._o with_o all_o custom_n saca_n and_o socua_n and_o infaugtheof_o thereunto_o belong_v with_o sundry_a other_o privilege_n which_o they_o ordain_v to_o be_v perpetual_o observe_v non_fw-la solum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la danorum_fw-la consentiente_fw-la et_fw-la collaudante_fw-la exercitu_fw-la by_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o army_n not_o only_o of_o the_o english_a but_o dane_n also_o have_v leges_fw-la &_o haec_fw-la statuta_fw-la which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o a_o parliamentary_a counsel_n then_o hold_v in_o both_o their_o army_n quicunque_fw-la quolibet_fw-la nisu_fw-la infringere_fw-la praesumpserint_fw-la eos_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la nisi_fw-la emendaverint_fw-la gehennae_fw-la ignibus_fw-la puniendos_fw-la anathematizando_fw-la sententia_fw-la omnium_fw-la contradidit_fw-la i_o pretermit_v the_o 387._o welsh_a synod_n hold_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n during_o king_n alfred_n reign_v as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conjectureâ—_n in_o who_o thâ—_n reader_n may_v peruse_v they_o wherein_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o his_o clergy_n excommunicate_v some_o of_o their_o petty_a welsh_a king_n for_o murder_n perjury_n violate_v the_o church_n patrimony_n and_o injure_v the_o bishop_n family_n who_o upon_o their_o repentance_n and_o reconciliation_n give_v all_o of_o they_o some_o parcel_n of_o land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n the_o rather_o because_o i_o conceive_v they_o fabulous_a there_o be_v no_o such_o form_n of_o excommunication_n use_v in_o those_o day_n as_o 3â—0_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n prove_v nor_o any_o such_o episcopal_a synod_n hold_v in_o england_n under_o king_n alfred_n himself_o the_o barbarous_a dane_n have_v throughout_o all_o england_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n utter_o waste_v and_o destroy_v all_o city_n town_n castle_n monastery_n church_n put_v most_o of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n clergy_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o almost_o quite_o delete_v the_o knowledge_n of_o learning_n and_o religion_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a nation_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o spiritual_a person_n on_o this_o side_n humber_n who_o can_v either_o understand_v the_o common_a prayer_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n or_o translate_v any_o writing_n out_o of_o latin_a into_o english_a yea_o so_o few_o that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o man_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o thames_n that_o can_v do_v it_o till_o king_n alfred_n after_o his_o conquest_n of_o the_o dane_n in_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n restore_v learn_v and_o religion_n â—gain_o by_o degree_n as_o this_o king_n himself_o record_v in_o express_a term_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o bishop_n wulsug_n by_o way_n of_o preface_n to_o his_o own_o translation_n of_o gregory_n pastoral_n into_o the_o english_a saxon_n language_n king_n alfred_n decease_a his_o son_n edward_n surname_v the_o elder_a 901._o 925._o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 901_o thereupon_o prince_n aethelwald_n his_o uncle_n son_n aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n seize_v upon_o oxlie_n and_o winburne_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o he_o to_o bath_n he_o flee_v from_o winburne_n to_o the_o dane_n in_o northumberland_n for_o assistance_n who_o be_v glad_a thereof_o they_o all_o make_v he_o king_n and_o prince_n over_o all_o their_o king_n and_o captain_n whereupon_o they_o invade_v essex_n and_o mercia_n king_n ed._n raise_v a_o great_a army_n chase_v they_o into_o northumberland_n and_o harrow_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o lake_n of_o northumberland_n where_o the_o kentishman_n remain_v contrary_a to_o the_o king_n command_n and_o messenger_n send_v to_o they_o after_o the_o retreat_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n the_o danish_a army_n upon_o this_o advantage_n set_v upon_o they_o they_o gallant_o defend_v themselves_o slay_v their_o new_a king_n aethelwald_n with_o king_n eorit_n and_o sundry_a of_o their_o chief_a commander_n and_o many_o of_o their_o soldier_n though_o they_o lose_v the_o field_n this_o king_n and_o edelfle_v his_o sister_n queen_n of_o mercian_n to_o prevent_v the_o frequent_a eruption_n plunder_v the_o dane_n repair_v many_o old_a ruinate_a town_n and_o build_v many_o new_a one_o in_o convenient_a place_n which_o they_o replenish_v with_o soldier_n to_o protect_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o repel_v the_o enemy_n whereby_o the_o common_a people_n weâ—e_v so_o encourage_v and_o become_v such_o good_a soldier_n that_o if_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n they_o will_v fight_v and_o rout_n they_o rege_fw-la etiam_fw-la &_o ducibus_fw-la inconsultis_fw-la in_o certamen_fw-la ruerent_fw-la 3_o eisque_fw-la semper_fw-la numero_fw-la &_o scientia_fw-la praeliandi_fw-la praeâ—â—arent_fw-la it_o a_o host_n contempâ—ni_fw-la militibus_fw-la regi_fw-la risui_fw-la erant_fw-la as_o malmesbury_n write_v the_o country_n people_n themselves_o sight_v with_o the_o dane_n at_o ligetune_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n recover_v all_o the_o prey_n they_o have_v takend_v and_o likewise_o the_o dane_n horse_n as_o they_o likewise_o do_v in_o some_o other_o part_n among_o other_o place_n this_o king_n repair_v the_o wall_n of_o colchester_n put_v warlike_a man_n in_o it_o &_o certum_fw-la eye_v stipendium_fw-la assignavit_fw-la and_o assign_v they_o a_o certain_a stipend_n as_o matâ—_n westm._n record_v neither_o he_o nor_o other_o our_o historian_n make_v mention_n of_o assign_a wage_n to_o any_o other_o garrison_n or_o soldier_n in_o that_o age_n at_o last_o the_o dane_n in_o most_o place_n throughout_o england_n perceive_v king_n edward_n power_n and_o wisdom_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n and_o patâ—on_n and_o swear_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o as_o likewise_o do_v the_o king_n of_o scotland_n northumberland_n and_o wales_n 905._o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 905._o this_o 5._o king_n edward_n assemble_v a_o synod_n of_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n as_o malmesbury_n or_o a_o great_a council_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o faithful_a people_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o sâ—ile_v it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o gewisii_fw-la which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o enemy_n incursion_n have_v be_v destitute_a of_o a_o bishop_n for_o 7_o year_n space_n whereupon_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n in_o this_o council_n take_v good_a advice_n make_v this_o wholesome_a constitution_n that_o instead_o of_o 2_o bishop_n whereof_o one_o have_v his_o sea_n at_o winchester_n the_o other_o at_o schireburn_n 5_o bishop_n shall_v be_v create_v ne_o grex_n domini_fw-la absque_fw-la cura_fw-la pastorali_fw-la luporum_fw-la incursionibus_fw-la quateretur_fw-la whereupon_o they_o in_o this_o council_n elect_v 5_o bishop_n to_o wit_n frithstan_n for_o winchester_n athelin_n for_o schireburn_n aedulâ—e_v for_o well_n werstan_n for_o crideton_n and_o herstan_n for_o cornwall_n assign_v they_o their_o several_a see_v and_o diocese_n and_o two_o other_o â—ishops_n â—or_a dorchester_n and_o cirencester_n all_o consecrate_a by_o archbishop_n plegmond_n at_o câ—nterbury_n in_o one_o day_n wil._n of_o malmesb._n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v upon_o the_o letter_n of_o pope_n formosus_fw-la 6._o who_o excommunicate_v king_n edward_n with_o all_o his_o subject_n for_o suffer_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winton_n and_o scireburn_n to_o be_v void_a for_o 7_o year_n space_n together_o but_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n since_o pope_n formosus_fw-la be_v dead_a ten_o year_n before_o this_o council_n and_o before_o these_o bishopric_n become_v void_a and_o his_o pretend_a epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o king_n as_o sir_n henry_n 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his_o predecessor_n and_o defraud_v the_o kingdom_n of_o they_o they_o add_v hereunto_o that_o king_n edrid_n have_v commit_v all_o his_o chief_a householdstuff_n plate_n record_n and_o tâ—e_v treasure_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n with_o all_o the_o magazine_n he_o have_v get_v to_o dunstan_n custody_n and_o lay_v â—hem_n up_o in_o â—he_n monastery_n at_o glastonbury_n yea_o he_o commit_v his_o kingdom_n body_n and_o soul_n unto_o he_o so_o as_o all_o be_v whole_o in_o dunstan_n power_n who_o alone_o manage_v all_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o exercise_v regal_a authority_n and_o when_o king_n edred_n in_o his_o sickness_n demand_v all_o his_o householdstuff_n jewel_n money_n and_o treasure_n from_o he_o dunstan_n pretend_v to_o fetch_v they_o before_o he_o return_v with_o they_o dustan_n hear_v a_o voice_n as_o our_o monkish_a writer_n fable_n that_o edred_n be_v dead_a in_o the_o lord_n and_o thereupon_o detain_v they_o in_o his_o and_o his_o monk_n custody_n be_v 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the_o paragon_n of_o her_o sex_n by_o disparage_v her_o beauty_n to_o the_o king_n and_o marry_v she_o to_o himself_o after_o which_o the_o king_n be_v extraordinary_o ravish_v with_o the_o true_a reporr_n and_o sight_n of_o her_o transcendent_a beauty_n thereupon_o as_o bromtons_n chronicle_n relate_v statim_fw-la post_fw-la octo_fw-la dies_fw-la rex_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la suum_fw-la apud_fw-la sarisberiam_fw-la convocavit_fw-la ubi_fw-la cunctis_fw-la suis_fw-la proceribus_fw-la congregatis_fw-la de_fw-la custodia_fw-la terrae_fw-la northumbriae_fw-la qualiter_fw-la contra_fw-la ingressum_fw-la danorum_fw-la melius_fw-la posset_n custodiri_fw-la tractaverunt_fw-la inter_fw-la quos_fw-la ethelwolfus_n ad_fw-la custodiam_fw-la eboraci_fw-la &_o patriae_fw-la adjacentis_fw-la in_fw-la illo_fw-la erat_fw-la concilio_n deputatus_fw-la a_o clear_a evidence_n that_o matter_n of_o defence_n against_o common_a enemy_n and_o guardian_n of_o the_o seacoast_n against_o the_o dane_n invasion_n 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this_o young_a man_n tyrannici_fw-la facti_fw-la offensam_fw-la in_o patrem_fw-la sedulitate_fw-la regiâ_fw-la in_o filium_fw-la allevans_fw-la write_v
blood_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o friend_n be_v to_o be_v revenge_v where_o upon_o swain_n a_o cruel_a man_n prone_a to_o shed_v blood_n animate_v to_o revenge_n by_o his_o messenger_n and_o letter_n command_v all_o the_o warrior_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o charge_v all_o the_o souldierâ—_n in_o â—orein_a region_n greedy_a of_o gain_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o this_o expedition_n against_o the_o english_a which_o they_o cheerful_o do_v he_o have_v now_o a_o fair_a show_n to_o do_v foul_o than_o ever_o wrong_v have_v now_o make_v he_o a_o right_a of_o invasion_n who_o have_v none_o before_o anno_fw-la 1003._o 1003._o king_n swain_n arrive_v with_o a_o great_a navy_n and_o army_n in_o england_n daniel_n by_o the_o negligence_n and_o treachery_n of_o one_o hugh_n a_o norman_a who_o queen_n emma_n have_v make_v earl_n of_o devonshire_n take_v and_o spoil_v the_o city_n of_o exeter_n raze_v the_o wall_n thereof_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o burn_v the_o city_n to_o ash_n return_v with_o 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with_o the_o spoil_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o triumph_n the_o next_o year_n swain_n to_o who_o god_n have_v design_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 1004._o as_o some_o old_a other_o historian_n write_v sail_v with_o his_o fleet_n to_o norwich_n pillage_v and_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o ulfketel_n duke_n of_o east-england_n â—_o man_n of_o great_a valour_n see_v himself_o surprise_v and_o want_v time_n to_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o resist_v the_o dane_n cum_fw-la majoribus_fw-la east-angliae_a habito_fw-la consilio_fw-la 9_o take_v counsel_n â—ith_v the_o great_a man_n of_o east_n england_n make_v peace_n with_o swain_n which_o he_o treacherous_o break_v within_o three_o week_n after_o sudden_o issue_v out_o of_o his_o ship_n surprise_v pillage_v and_o burn_v thetford_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o cover_v the_o country_n like_o locust_n spoil_v all_o thing_n and_o slaughter_v the_o countryman_n without_o resistance_n which_o duke_n ulfketel_v be_v inform_v of_o command_v some_o of_o his_o countryman_n to_o break_v his_o ship_n in_o piece_n in_o his_o absence_n from_o they_o which_o they_o not_o dare_v or_o neglect_v to_o do_v and_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n raise_v a_o army_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o he_o can_v bold_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n return_v with_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o sharp_a encounter_n on_o both_o side_n the_o english_a be_v overpower_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v total_o roâ—ted_v and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o east-england_n there_o slay_v in_o their_o country_n defence_n who_o fight_v so_o valiant_o that_o the_o dane_n confess_v they_o have_v never_o a_o hard_a or_o sharp_a battle_n in_o eâ—gland_n than_o this_o the_o great_a loss_n the_o dane_n sustain_v in_o it_o though_o they_o get_v the_o â—ield_n and_o a_o extraordinary_a â—amine_n in_o england_n the_o year_n follow_v great_a than_o any_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n cause_v swain_n to_o return_v into_o denmark_n to_o refresh_v and_o recruit_v his_o army_n king_n ethelred_n quit_v of_o these_o enemy_n anno_fw-la 1006_o 1006._o deprive_v wulfgate_v the_o son_n of_o leonne_n westm._n who_o he_o have_v love_v more_o than_o all_o man_n of_o his_o â—ossessions_n and_o all_o his_o honour_n propter_fw-la injusta_fw-la judicia_fw-la for_o his_o unjust_a judgement_n and_o proud_a work_n 6._o and_o likewise_o command_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o two_o son_n of_o that_o arch-trait_a or_o edric_n streona_n to_o be_v put_v out_o at_o cocham_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o courâ—_n because_o edric_n have_v treacherous_o entice_v a_o bloody_a butcher_n godwin_n porthound_n who_o he_o corrupt_v with_o great_a gift_n to_o murder_v the_o noble_a duke_n althelin_n at_o scoborbyrig_n as_o he_o be_v hunt_v who_o edric_n purpose_o invite_v to_o a_o feast_n that_o he_o may_v thus_o treacherous_o murder_v he_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n the_o dane_n return_v with_o a_o innumerable_a navy_n into_o england_n land_v at_o daniel_n sandwich_n consume_v all_o thing_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n take_v great_a booty_n sometime_o in_o sussex_n sometime_o in_o kent_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o mercia_n and_o the_o west-part_n of_o england_n resolve_v valiant_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o daâ—es_n who_o decline_v any_o open_a fight_n and_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n land_v sometime_o in_o one_o place_n sometime_o in_o another_o and_o so_o pillage_n the_o country_n return_v with_o the_o booty_n to_o the_o ship_n before_o the_o english_a army_n can_v encounter_v they_o which_o they_o vex_v all_o the_o autumn_n in_o march_v after_o they_o from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o no_o purpose_n the_o english_a army_n return_v home_n when_o winâ—et_n begin_v to_o approach_v the_o dane_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a booty_n sail_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n where_o they_o continue_v till_o the_o feast_n of_o chriâ—ts_n nativity_n which_o feast_n they_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o than_o they_o march_v into_o hampshire_n and_o berkeshire_n pillage_v and_o burn_v down_o read_v wallingford_n colesey_n essington_n and_o very_o many_o village_n quocunque_fw-la enim_fw-la peragâ—bant_fw-la quae_fw-la parata_fw-la erant_fw-la hilariter_fw-la comedentes_fw-la cum_fw-la discederent_fw-la in_o retribuâ—ionem_fw-la procurationis_fw-la reddebant_fw-la hospiti_fw-la caedem_fw-la hospitio_fw-la flammam_fw-la as_o huntindon_n bromton_n and_o other_o story_n as_o they_o be_v return_v another_o way_n to_o their_o ship_n with_o their_o booty_n they_o find_v the_o inhabitant_n ready_a to_o give_v they_o battle_n at_o kenet_n who_o the_o dane_n present_o fight_v with_o and_o rout_v return_v wiâ—h_a triumph_n to_o their_o ship_n enrich_v with_o the_o new_a spoil_n of_o the_o rout_v english_a 1007._o king_n ethelred_n lie_v all_o this_o time_n in_o shropshire_n unable_a to_o resist_v the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1007._o cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la primatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n polycâ—ronicon_n and_o other_o express_v it_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o noble_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o danesâ—_n â—_z 9_o command_v they_o to_o tell_v they_o quod_fw-la sumptus_fw-la et_fw-la tributum_fw-la illis_fw-la dare_v vellent_fw-la that_o they_o wouâ—d_v give_v â—hem_fw-mi coâ—ts_n and_o tribute_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v desist_v from_o rapine_n and_o hold_v a_o firm_a peace_n with_o they_o to_o which_o request_n they_o consentedâ—_n and_o from_o that_o time_n cost_v be_v give_v they_o and_o a_o tribute_n pay_v they_o of_o thirty_o six_o thousand_o pound_n out_o of_o aâ—l_n england_n 360â—_n henry_n hunâ—iâ—don_n &_o brâ—mton_n thus_o relaâ—e_v the_o business_n rex_fw-la et_fw-la senatus_n anglorum_fw-la dubii_fw-la quid_fw-la agerent_fw-la quid_fw-la omitterent_fw-la communi_fw-la deliberatione_n gravem_fw-la conventionem_fw-la cum_fw-la exercitu_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la pacis_fw-la observationem_fw-la 36000_o mil._n librar_fw-la ei_fw-la dederunt_fw-la a_o clear_a evidence_n that_o this_o agreement_n and_o peace_n be_v make_v and_o money_n grant_v and_o raise_v in_o england_n by_o common_a advice_n &_o consent_n in_o parliament_n or_o council_n inâ—renduit_n anglia_fw-it toâ—a_fw-it velut_fw-la arundinem_fw-la zephiro_fw-la vibrante_fw-la collisum_fw-la unde_fw-la rex_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la confusione_n magna_fw-la consternatus_fw-la pecunia_fw-la pacem_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la quam_fw-la armis_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la adquisivit_fw-la write_v 387._o matthew_n westminster_n 387._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la tributum_fw-la 36_o mil._n librarum_fw-la persâ—lvit_fw-la dacis_fw-la as_o 462_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la word_n it_o after_o which_o the_o king_n this_o year_n make_v edric_n aforemention_v duke_n of_o mercia_n and_o that_o by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o english_a a_o man_n of_o base_a parentage_n but_o extraordinary_a crafty_a eloquent_a witty_a and_o unconstant_a surpass_v all_o of_o that_o age_n in_o envy_n perfidiousness_n pride_n cruelty_n and_o treason_n who_o
king_n himself_o 7._o that_o no_o subject_n can_v then_o by_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o a_o appeal_n 8._o that_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n than_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harold_n a_o actual_a king_n by_o usurpation_n without_o any_o good_a title_n by_o his_o command_n be_v repute_v a_o treasonable_a offence_n in_o earl_n godwin_n for_o which_o he_o forfeit_v his_o land_n and_o be_v force_v to_o purchase_v his_o pardon_n and_o land_n restitution_n with_o a_o great_a fine_a and_o sum_n to_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o though_o the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o caxton_n out_o of_o he_o â—tâ—le_v this_o assembly_n parliamentum_fw-la a_o parliament_n 1043._o not_o a_o council_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o according_a to_o the_o style_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o he_o write_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o 41._o mr._n selden_n prove_v not_o according_a to_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o which_o the_o term_n parliamentum_fw-la be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o usual_a name_n express_v such_o assembly_n speed_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1643._o immediate_o after_o his_o coronation_n come_v sudden_o from_o gloucester_n to_o winchester_n attend_v with_o earl_n godwin_n siward_n and_o leofric_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n forcible_o take_v from_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n all_o her_o gold_n silver_z jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o whatever_o rich_a thing_n else_o she_o possess_v command_v only_a necessary_n to_o be_v administer_v to_o she_o there_o 2.4_o the_o cause_n of_o which_o unjust_a act_n some_o affirm_v to_o be_v godwin_n malice_n towards_o she_o other_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v her_o unnaturalness_n to_o king_n ethelred_n her_o first_o husband_n and_o her_o own_o son_n by_o he_o alfred_n and_o edward_n in_o love_v and_o marry_v cnute_n their_o enemy_n and_o supplant_a when_o live_v and_o applaud_v he_o when_o dead_a more_o than_o ethelred_n in_o advance_v hardecnute_a her_o â—on_n by_o he_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v alfred_n &_o edward_n thereof_o in_o refuse_v to_o give_v any_o thing_n towards_o prince_n edw_n his_o maintenance_n while_o in_o exile_n and_o distress_n although_o he_o oft_o request_v she_o to_o supply_v his_o necessity_n in_o have_v some_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n and_o endeavour_v to_o poison_v king_n edward_n himself_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v after_o which_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n a_o norman_a bear_v he_o again_o spoil_v she_o of_o all_o she_o have_v and_o shut_v she_o up_o prisoner_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o werwel_o upon_o suspicion_n of_o incontinency_n with_o alwin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n from_o which_o false_a imputation_n she_o purge_v herself_o and_o the_o bishop_n by_o pass_v barefoot_a over_o nine_o red_a hot_a ploughshare_n without_o any_o harm_n whereupon_o the_o king_n crave_v mercy_n and_o pardon_n from_o she_o for_o the_o infamy_n and_o injury_n do_v unto_o she_o for_o which_o he_o be_v discipline_v and_o whip_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n there_o present_a anno_fw-la 1044._o 1044._o graâ—ton_n there_o be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la celebratun_n a_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o london_n wherein_o wolmâ—r_n be_v elect_v abbot_n of_o evesham_n and_o this_o year_n king_n edward_n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concidio_fw-la procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o write_v moâ—t_o likely_a when_o assemble_v in_o the_o council_n at_o london_n marry_v edith_n daughter_n of_o earl_n godwin_n in_o patrocinium_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la he_o be_v the_o moâ—t_o potent_a man_n in_o all_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v in_o her_o breast_n a_o magazine_n of_o all_o liberal_a virtue_n 5.2_o and_o this_o same_o year_n most_o probable_a by_o this_o same_o council_n edict_n gunilda_n a_o noble_a matron_n king_n câ—ute's_n sister_n daughter_n with_o her_o two_o son_n hemming_n and_o thurkell_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n into_o flanders_n from_o whence_o after_o a_o little_a stay_n they_o depart_v into_o denmark_n spâ—ed_v king_n edward_n in_o the_o year_n 1045._o 1045._o assemble_v together_o to_o the_o port_n of_o sandwich_n a_o very_a numerous_a and_o strong_a navy_n against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n purpose_v to_o invade_v engl._n but_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n than_o war_a upon_o he_o hinder_v his_o voyage_n for_o englaâ—d_n the_o next_o year_n 1046._o osgodus_fw-la clapa_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n 3.9_o other_o swanâ—_n king_n of_o denmark_n anno_fw-la 1047._o 1047._o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n edward_n desire_v he_o to_o send_v a_o navy_n to_o he_o against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n hereupon_o earl_n godwin_n counsel_v the_o king_n to_o send_v he_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n furnish_v with_o soldier_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la leofrico_fw-la comiti_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la id_fw-la non_fw-la vidâ—batur_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o caeteri_fw-la proceres_fw-la dissuaserunt_fw-la 6.9_o nullum_fw-la ei_fw-la mittere_fw-la voluit_fw-la but_o because_o that_o council_n seem_v not_o good_a to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o all_o the_o people_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n dissuade_v he_o from_o it_o he_o will_v send_v no_o ship_n to_o he_o magnus_n furnish_v with_o a_o great_a navy_n fight_v with_o swain_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n expel_v he_o out_o of_o denmark_n reign_v in_o it_o and_o compel_v the_o dane_n to_o pay_v he_o a_o great_a tribute_n 1048._o 3.9_o harold_n harvager_n king_n of_o norwey_n anno_fw-la 1048._o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n edward_n offering_z peace_n and_o friendship_n to_o he_o which_o he_o embrace_v also_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n send_v other_o ambassador_n to_o he_o this_o year_n request_v a_o naval_a assistance_n of_o ship_n from_o he_o but_o although_o earl_n godwin_n be_v willing_a that_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n shall_v be_v send_v he_o yet_o none_o be_v send_v because_o earl_n leofric_n omnisque_fw-la populus_fw-la uno_n over_o contradixerunt_fw-la and_o all_o the_o people_n contradict_v it_o with_o one_o voice_n 295.296_o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o wulgat_v abbot_n of_o s._n pâ—ga_n who_o abbey_n be_v quite_o destroy_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o dane_n have_v a_o long_a suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n with_o three_o abbot_n of_o burgh_n concern_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o abbey_n especial_o with_o abbot_n leofric_n with_o who_o he_o most_o strong_o contend_v sed_fw-la regis_fw-la curia_fw-la nimium_fw-la fav_fw-mi â—nte_fw-la potentiori_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la pauperem_fw-la sententiante_fw-la tandem_fw-la sedem_fw-la monasterii_fw-la svi_fw-la perdidit_fw-la tanta_fw-la fuit_fw-la abbatis_fw-la leofrici_fw-la pecunia_fw-la 4.5_o tanta_fw-la comitis_fw-la godwini_fw-la potentia_fw-la which_o he_o thus_o repeat_v hillo_o in_o tempore_fw-la venerabilis_fw-la pater_fw-la wulgatus_fw-la abbas_n pegelandiae_fw-la diutissimam_fw-la calumniam_fw-la passus_fw-la ab_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la burgi_n elfrico_fw-la arwino_fw-la &_o leofrico_n abbatiae_fw-la suae_fw-la sedem_fw-la amittens_fw-la tandem_fw-la succubuit_fw-la &_o proâ—_n nefas_n totum_fw-la situm_fw-la monasterii_fw-la svi_fw-la judicio_fw-la regalis_fw-la curiae_fw-la perdidit_fw-la tantum_n tunc_fw-la potuit_fw-la super_fw-la justitiam_fw-la pecunia_fw-la contra_fw-la veritatem_fw-la versutia_fw-la &_o in_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la hardecnuti_n godwini_fw-la potentia_fw-la after_o which_o he_o add_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1048._o when_o the_o say_a abbot_n wulgat_v have_v lose_v the_o site_n of_o his_o monastery_n have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o new_a monastery_n in_o his_o manor_n of_o northburt_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o old_a intend_v to_o translate_v his_o abbey_n thither_o and_o diligent_o labour_v to_o re-edify_v a_o church_n dormitory_n with_o other_o claustral_a office_n there_o be_v assist_v with_o the_o alm_n of_o many_o believer_n fernoâ—us_n a_o k_o t._n l_o d._n of_o bosworth_n open_o show_v out_o of_o the_o abbot_n own_o write_n that_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o northburt_n be_v give_v by_o his_o progenitor_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n pâ—ga_n and_o to_o the_o monk_n there_o serve_v god_n whence_o by_o consequence_n he_o allege_v that_o see_v abbot_n wulgat_v and_o his_o monk_n do_v not_o serve_v god_n and_o s._n pega_n from_o thâ—t_a time_n forward_o in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o old_a monastery_n stand_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o from_o henceforth_o to_o enjoy_v the_o say_a manor_n acceptatum_fw-la est_fw-la hoc_fw-la a_fw-la regis_fw-la justitiario_n et_fw-la confestim_fw-la adjudicatum_fw-la est_fw-la dictum_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la northburt_n cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la praedicto_fw-la militi_fw-la fernoto_fw-la &_o tanquam_fw-la jus_o suum_fw-la haereditarium_fw-la de_fw-la monachis_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la pegae_n alienatum_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la &_o sublatum_fw-la quod_fw-la tum_fw-la per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la citius_fw-la â—uisset_fw-la cognitum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la abbatum_fw-la de_fw-fr peikirk_n
whereof_o be_v this_o that_o the_o church_n shall_v be_v free_a and_o enjoy_v her_o judgement_n rent_n and_o pension_n 700._o and_o 35._o anno_fw-la dom._n 700._o this_o king_n wither_a unâ_fw-la cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la together_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o bishop_n who_o subscribe_v their_o name_n to_o his_o charter_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o kentâ—_n thâ—t_v they_o shall_v be_v perpetual_o free_v ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n publica_fw-la tributi_fw-la atque_fw-la dispendio_fw-la vel_fw-la laesione_n à _fw-la praesenti_fw-la die_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la etc._n etc._n from_o all_o public_a exaction_n of_o tribute_n and_o from_o all_o damage_n and_o harm_n render_v to_o he_o &_o his_o posterity_n 1.10_o such_o honour_n and_o obedience_n as_o they_o have_v yield_v to_o the_o king_n hâ—s_n antecessor_n under_o who_o justice_n and_o liberty_n be_v keep_v towards_o they_o 706._o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 678._o 7â—_n wilfrid_n archbishop_n of_o â—orkâ—eing_v â—eing_z in_o a_o council_n unjust_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n by_o theodor_n archbishop_n of_o canâ—erbury_n who_o envy_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o wealth_n power_n and_o diocese_n which_o he_o will_v and_o do_v against_o wilfrids_n will_n in_o that_o council_n divide_v iâ—toâ—_n â—_z more_o bishopric_n be_v after_o that_o time_n exile_v the_o realm_n through_o the_o malice_n of_o egfrid_n king_n of_o nortâ—umberland_n and_o emburga_n his_o queen_n who_o he_o will_v have_v persuade_v â—o_o become_v a_o nun_n and_o desert_n her_o husband_n as_o some_o author_n write_v and_o other_o deny_v in_o his_o favour_n without_o any_o just_a and_o lawful_a cause_n and_o after_o that_o about_o the_o year_n 692._o be_v again_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n and_o right_n by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o another_o council_n hold_v under_o aldrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o bertuald_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n he_o thereupon_o maâ—e_n two_o successive_a appeal_n to_o rome_n against_o their_o two_o unjust_a sentence_n as_o he_o conceive_v they_o the_o first_o to_o pope_n agatho_n and_o a_o council_n of_o 150_o bishop_n hold_v under_o he_o who_o decree_v he_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o bishopric_n and_o make_v such_o bishop_n under_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o a_o council_n to_o be_v hold_v `by_n he_o as_o he_o shall_v deem_v meet_a with_o which_o decree_n against_o his_o first_o sentence_n he_o return_v from_o rome_n to_o king_n egfrid_n to_o who_o he_o deliver_v it_o seal_v with_o the_o pope_n seal_n the_o king_n upon_o â—ight_n and_o read_v thereof_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o of_o his_o bishop_n tantùm_fw-la à _fw-la reverentiâ_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la abfuit_fw-la be_v so_o far_o from_o obey_v this_o decree_n of_o the_o roman_a see_v that_o he_o spoil_v wilfrid_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o possession_n and_o commit_v he_o prisoner_n to_o a_o barbarous_a and_o cruel_a governor_n who_o thrust_v he_o into_o a_o dark_a dungeon_n for_o many_o daysâ—_n and_o after_o that_o commit_v he_o to_o another_o more_o cruel_a gaoler_n than_o he_o call_v tumber_n who_o endeavour_v to_o put_v he_o into_o fetter_n by_o the_o king_n command_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n fasten_v upon_o his_o leg_n but_o they_o present_o fall_v off_o again_o through_o a_o miracle_n whereupon_o wickedness_n give_v place_n to_o religion_n he_o be_v loose_v from_o his_o bond_n detain_v in_o free_a custody_n and_o afterward_o release_v but_o not_o restore_v after_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 693._o he_o appeal_v again_o to_o pope_n john_n against_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o second_o council_n which_o refuse_v to_o re-admit_a he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n unless_o he_o will_v submit_v to_o the_o decree_n of_o archbishop_n theodore_n and_o brithwald_n his_o successor_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o holy_a canon_n which_o he_o conceive_v they_o not_o to_o be_v because_o they_o will_v order_v he_o to_o condemn_v himself_o without_o any_o crime_n object_v to_o he_o upon_o which_o appeal_n this_o pope_n wiâ—h_v his_o bishop_n pronounce_v wilfrid_n free_a from_o all_o crime_n and_o order_v he_o to_o return_v to_o his_o archbishopric_n write_v letter_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o alfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n to_o restore_v he_o thereunto_o alfrid_n receive_v the_o pope_n letter_n by_o wilfrids_n messenger_n altogether_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o pope_n command_n in_o this_o case_n 7._o say_v quod_fw-la esset_fw-la contra_fw-la rationem_fw-la homini_fw-la jam_fw-la bis_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la anglorum_fw-la concilio_n damnato_fw-la propter_fw-la quaelibet_fw-la apostolica_fw-la scripta_fw-la communicare_fw-la that_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n to_o communicate_v with_o a_o man_n already_o twice_o condemn_v by_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n for_o any_o write_n of_o the_o pope_n so_o little_o be_v the_o pope_n authority_n and_o decree_n then_o regard_v in_o england_n contradict_v the_o king_n and_o english_a council_n proceed_n neither_o will_v he_o restore_v he_o all_o his_o life_n after_o his_o death_n edulfe_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o tyranny_n wilfrid_n repair_v to_o he_o to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n upon_o this_o account_n of_o the_o pope_n letter_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o enrage_v with_o he_o for_o it_o though_o former_o his_o great_a friend_n that_o he_o present_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n forthwith_o unless_o he_o will_v be_v spâ—â—led_v of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o cast_v out_o of_o it_o with_o disgrace_n but_o this_o usuper_fw-la be_v deprive_v both_o of_o his_o realm_n crown_n and_o life_n in_o little_a more_o than_o 3_o month_n space_n and_o osred_a son_n of_o king_n alfrid_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o noble_n as_o right_a heir_n thereunto_o at_o last_o wilfrid_n be_v reinvest_v in_o 705._o his_o bishopric_n by_o the_o decree_n of_o a_o council_n hold_v under_o he_o in_o northumberland_n at_o a_o place_n call_v nidden_v an._n 705._o not_o so_o much_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n command_n as_o king_n alfrid_n attest_v by_o elfleda_n his_o sister_n than_o abbess_n of_o streneshash_n witness_v these_o word_n of_o berfride_n ego_fw-la jussionibus_fw-la papae_fw-la obediendum_fw-la censeo_fw-la praeâ—erâ—im_fw-la cum_fw-la eorum_fw-la roâ—ori_fw-la accedat_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la jussioâ—_n â—_z &_o nostrae_fw-la necessit_fw-la atis_fw-la sponsio_fw-la etc._n etc._n pver_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la levatâ—s_fw-la hostess_fw-la abactus_fw-la tyrannus_n extinctus_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la regiae_n voluntatis_fw-la ut_fw-la episcopus_fw-la wilfridus_n revestiatur_fw-la upon_o which_o he_o be_v accord_o restore_v whereupon_o all_o the_o bishop_n embrace_v he_o and_o reconcile_v themselves_o to_o he_o this_o bishop_n wilfrid_n procure_v to_o the_o church_n of_o hagustald_v which_o he_o found_v and_o be_v bishop_n thereof_o many_o privilege_n and_o that_o â—or_a one_o mile_n circuit_n round_o about_o 10._o none_o shall_v be_v arrest_v go_v or_o come_v buâ—_n enjoy_v inviolable_a peace_n quod_fw-la inâ—titutum_fw-la authoritate_fw-la &_o privilegiis_fw-la romanae_fw-la sediâ—_n apostolicorum_fw-la &_o archiepiscoporum_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la tam_fw-la scotiae_fw-la quam_fw-la angliae_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la 29â—_n temerarius_fw-la insringere_fw-la audebit_fw-la &_o magnae_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la damno_fw-la obnoxius_fw-la erit_fw-la &_o perpet_n no_o anathematis_fw-la gladio_fw-la ab_fw-la ecclesia_n seperabitur_fw-la as_o richaâ—d_n prior_n of_o hagustald_v record_n 712._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 708_o 217._o egwin_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n procure_v king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n by_o their_o charter_n to_o grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o land_n and_o privilege_n â—o_o the_o abbey_n of_o evesham_n which_o pope_n constantine_n likewise_o ratify_v by_o his_o subscription_n at_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o â—hese_fw-mi king_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o archbishop_n bishop_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o divers_a province_n who_o commend_v and_o approve_v their_o charter_n and_o liberality_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o pope_n constantine_n write_v a_o letter_n to_o brithwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o summon_v concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la 10._o a_o council_n of_o all_o england_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n religious_a person_n of_o holy_a order_n optimatesque_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la suis_fw-la with_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v all_o assemble_v together_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v in_o their_o presence_n read_v the_o charter_n of_o these_o king_n and_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n of_o they_o that_o they_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o tâ—e_v favour_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n and_o consecrate_v with_o their_o benediction_n whereupon_o king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n after_o their_o return_n from_o rome_n assemble_v a_o general_n council_n in_o a_o place_n call_v alne_n
duke_n leofsi_n be_v send_v to_o the_o dane_n â—ho_n come_v to_o they_o importune_v they_o that_o they_o will_v accept_v of_o a_o stipend_n and_o tribute_n they_o glad_o embrace_v his_o embassy_n condescend_v to_o his_o request_n and_o determine_v how_o much_o tribute_n shall_v be_v pay_v they_o for_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n whereupon_o â—oon_o after_o a_o tribute_n of_o 24000_o pound_n be_v pay_v they_o pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la for_o the_o good_a of_o peace_n in_o this_o assembly_n and_o council_n as_o i_o conjecture_v 510._o king_n ethelred_n inform_v his_o counsellor_n who_o instruct_v he_o both_o in_o divine_a and_o humane_a thing_n with_o the_o sloathfulness_n negligence_n and_o vicious_a life_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n throughout_o england_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n think_v meet_v to_o thrust_v they_o out_o and_o put_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n to_o pour_v forth_o prayer_n and_o praise_n to_o god_n for_o he_o and_o his_o people_n in_o a_o due_a manner_n whereupon_o he_o confirm_v by_o his_o charter_n the_o ejection_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n out_o of_o christs-church_n in_o canterbury_n 10._o and_o the_o introduction_n of_o monk_n in_o their_o place_n and_o ratify_v all_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n former_o grant_v they_o exempt_n the_o monastery_n and_o land_n thereof_o from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expeditione_n pontium_fw-la operatione_n et_fw-la arcium_fw-la reparatione_fw-la beseech_v and_o conjure_v all_o his_o lawful_a successor_n king_n bishop_n earls_z and_o people_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v ecclesiae_fw-la christi_fw-la praedones_fw-la sed_fw-la sitis_fw-la patrimonii_fw-la christi_fw-la defensores_fw-la seduli_fw-la ut_fw-la vita_fw-la et_fw-la gaudio_fw-la aeternis_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dei_fw-la sanctis_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la fruâ—mini_fw-la which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n 2._o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o of_o several_a aelderman_n noble_n and_o officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross._n this_o year_n other_o duke_n leofsi_n slay_v esric_n a_o nobleman_n the_o king_n chief_a provost_n be_v judicial_o banish_v the_o realm_n by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o offence_n after_o this_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1002._o emma_n arrive_v in_o england_n 1002._o receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n daniel_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n puff_v up_o with_o pride_n see_v he_o can_v not_o drive_v out_o the_o dane_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n contrive_v how_o to_o murder_v and_o destroy_v they_o all_o in_o one_o day_n by_o treachery_n at_o unaware_o either_o by_o the_o sword_n or_o by_o fire_n because_o they_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v he_o and_o his_o noble_n both_o of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o subject_v all_o england_n to_o their_o own_o dominion_n the_o occasion_n time_n and_o manner_n of_o who_o sudden_a universal_a massacre_n be_v thus_o relate_v by_o mat._n westminster_n an._n 1012._o though_o act_v an._n 1002._o as_o all_o accord_n and_o by_o mr._n fox_n and_o other_o huna_n general_n of_o king_n ethelreds_n militia_n a_o valiant_a warlike_a man_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o manage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n under_o the_o king_n observe_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o now_o after_o the_o peace_n make_v with_o they_o do_v so_o proud_o lord_n it_o through_o all_o england_n that_o they_o presume_v to_o ravish_v the_o wife_n and_o daughter_n of_o nobleman_n and_o every_o where_o to_o expose_v they_o to_o scorn_v by_o strength_n cause_v the_o english_a husbandman_n to_o soil_n and_o sow_v their_o land_n and_o do_v all_o vile_a labour_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n while_o they_o will_v sit_v idle_o at_o home_n hold_v their_o wife_n daughter_n and_o servant_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o when_o the_o husbandman_n come_v home_o they_o shall_v scarce_o have_v of_o their_o own_o as_o his_o servant_n have_v so_o that_o the_o dane_n have_v all_o at_o his_o will_n and_o fill_v fare_v of_o the_o best_a when_o the_o owner_n scarce_o have_v his_o fill_n of_o the_o worst_a thus_o the_o common_a people_n be_v of_o they_o oppress_v be_v in_o such_o fear_n and_o dread_n that_o not_o only_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v they_o in_o their_o do_n but_o also_o glad_a to_o please_v they_o and_o call_v every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o house_n where_o they_o have_v rule_v lord_n dane_n etc._n etc._n hereupon_o huna_n go_v to_o the_o king_n much_o perplex_v and_o make_v a_o lamentable_a complaint_n to_o he_o concern_v these_o thing_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o little_a move_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o same_o huna_n send_v letter_n or_o commission_n unto_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o realm_n command_v all_o and_o every_o of_o the_o nation_n that_o on_o one_o day_n after_o to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n the_o bishop_n all_o the_o dane_n throughout_o england_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o a_o secret_a massacre_n that_o so_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o english_a may_v all_o joint_o and_o at_o one_o timâ—_n be_v free_v from_o the_o danish_a oppression_n and_o so_o the_o dane_n who_o by_o a_o firm_a covenant_n swear_v unto_o by_o both_o side_n a_o little_a before_o aught_o to_o have_v dwell_v peaceable_o with_o the_o english_a 2._o be_v too_o opprobrious_o slay_v and_o the_o woman_n with_o their_o child_n be_v dash_v against_o the_o post_n of_o the_o house_n miserable_o pour_v out_o their_o soul_n when_o â—herefore_o the_o sentence_n of_o this_o decree_n be_v execute_v at_o the_o city_n of_o london_n without_o mercy_n many_o of_o the_o dane_n flee_v to_o a_o certain_a church_n in_o the_o city_n where_o all_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v without_o pity_n stand_v by_o the_o very_a altar_n themselves_o moreover_o that_o which_o aggravate_v the_o rage_n of_o this_o persecution_n be_v the_o death_n of_o guimild_a sister_n of_o king_n swain_n slay_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o england_n she_o be_v lawful_o marry_v to_o count_n palingers_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o great_a power_n who_o go_v into_o england_n with_o her_o husband_n they_o both_o there_o receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n this_o most_o prudent_a virago_n be_v the_o mediatrix_fw-la of_o the_o peace_n between_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n give_v herself_o with_o her_o husband_n and_o only_a son_n as_o hostage_n to_o king_n ethelred_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o peace_n she_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o king_n to_o that_o most_o wicked_a duke_n edric_n to_o keep_v that_o traitor_n within_o few_o day_n after_o command_v her_o husband_n with_o her_o son_n to_o be_v slay_v before_o her_o face_n with_o four_o spear_n and_o last_o of_o all_o command_v she_o to_o be_v behead_v she_o undergo_v death_n with_o a_o magnanimous_a mind_n without_o fear_n or_o change_v of_o countenance_n but_o yet_o confident_o pronounce_v as_o she_o be_v die_v that_o the_o shed_n of_o her_o blood_n will_v bring_v great_a detriment_n to_o england_n 360._o henry_n huntindon_n thus_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o massacre_n in_o the_o year_n 1002._o emma_n the_o jewel_n of_o the_o norman_n come_v into_o england_n and_o receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n with_o which_o match_n king_n ethelred_n be_v puff_v up_o with_o pride_n bring_v forth_o perfidiousness_n cause_v all_o the_o dane_n who_o be_v with_o peace_n in_o england_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o clandestine_v treason_n on_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n concern_v which_o wickedness_n we_o have_v hear_v in_o our_o infancy_n some_o honest_a old_a man_n say_v that_o the_o say_a king_n send_v secret_a letter_n into_o every_o city_n 2._o according_a to_o which_o the_o english_a on_o the_o same_o day_n and_o hour_n destroyeâ—_n all_o the_o dane_n either_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n without_o give_v they_o warning_n with_o sword_n or_o take_v anâ—_n burn_v they_o sudden_o together_o with_o fire_n vbi_fw-la fuit_fw-la videre_fw-la miseriam_fw-la dum_fw-la cuique_fw-la charissimos_fw-la hospites_fw-la quos_fw-la etiam_fw-la arctissima_fw-la necessitudo_fw-la dulciores_fw-la effecerat_fw-la cogeretur_fw-la prodere_fw-la et_fw-la amplexus_fw-la gladio_fw-la deturbare_fw-la write_v 64._o malmsbury_n the_o news_n of_o this_o bloody_a massacre_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v bring_v into_o denmark_n to_o king_n swain_n by_o some_o youth_n of_o the_o danâ—sh_a nation_n who_o escape_v and_o fleâ—_n out_o of_o england_n in_o a_o ship_n move_v he_o to_o tear_n 392._o uocatisque_fw-la cunctis_fw-la regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la who_o call_v all_o the_o prince_n of_o his_o realm_n together_o and_o relate_v the_o whole_a series_n of_o what_o be_v act_v to_o they_o he_o diligent_o inquire_v of_o they_o what_o they_o will_v advise_v he_o to_o do_v who_o all_o cry_v out_o together_o as_o with_o one_o mouth_n decree_v that_o the_o
certain_a and_o apparent_a a_o perilous_a thing_n be_v act_v we_o suffer_v evil_a thing_n we_o discern_v worse_a we_o fear_v the_o worst_a of_o all_o we_o fight_v daily_o neither_o do_v we_o overcome_v nor_o yet_o be_v we_o vanquish_v yea_o we_o be_v overcome_v and_o yet_o no_o man_n vanquisheth_z for_o how_o be_v we_o not_o overcome_v who_o be_v wound_v who_o be_v oppress_v who_o be_v weary_v who_o be_v distress_v by_o force_n who_o be_v spoil_v by_o arm_n neither_o fly_v we_o since_o there_o be_v none_o who_o may_v assault_v we_o neither_o do_v we_o assault_v since_o courage_n fail_v on_o both_o side_n how_o long_o shall_v it_o be_v ere_o we_o see_v a_o end_n of_o these_o wonderful_a thing_n when_o shall_v there_o be_v rest_n from_o this_o labour_n tranquillity_n from_o this_o storm_n security_n from_o this_o fear_n certain_o edmond_n be_v invincible_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o wonderful_a fortitude_n anâ—_n cnute_n also_o be_v invincible_a by_o reason_n of_o fortune_n favour_n we_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n we_o be_v slay_v we_o be_v dissipate_v we_o lose_v our_o dear_a pledge_n we_o expose_v our_o sweet_a friend_n and_o alliance_n to_o death_n but_o of_o this_o labour_n what_o fruiâ—_n what_o end_n what_o price_n what_o emolument_fw-fr what_o i_o pray_v but_o that_o the_o soldier_n be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n the_o captain_n at_o last_o compel_v by_o necessity_n may_v compound_v or_o very_o fight_v alone_o without_o a_o soldier_n why_o then_o not_o now_o true_o while_o we_o live_v while_o we_o breath_n while_o the_o army_n remain_v this_o may_v be_v do_v more_o profitable_o honest_o secure_o i_o demand_v what_o insolence_n yea_o violence_n yea_o madness_n be_v this_o england_n heretofore_o when_o subject_v to_o many_o king_n both_o flourish_v in_o glory_n and_o abound_v in_o riches_n o_o ambition_n how_o blind_a be_v it_o always_o which_o coveâ—ing_v the_o whole_a lose_v the_o whole_a why_o i_o pray_v do_v not_o that_o now_o suffice_v two_o which_o 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speech_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o jaw_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v cry_v out_o and_o say_n aut_fw-la pugnent_fw-la ipsi_fw-la aut_fw-la component_n let_v they_o fight_v themselves_o or_o let_v they_o compound_v his_o speech_n record_v in_o bromton_n henâ—_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n speedâ—_n â—_z and_o other_o be_v much_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n though_o different_a in_o some_o expression_n 400._o matthew_n westmininster_n bring_v in_o edric_n speak_v only_o thus_o to_o the_o noble_n o_o insensati_fw-la nobiles_fw-la et_fw-la armis_fw-la potâ—ntes_fw-la cur_n â—oties_fw-la morimur_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la pro_fw-la regibus_fw-la cum_fw-la ipsi_fw-la nobis_fw-la morâ—entibus_fw-la nec_fw-la regnum_fw-la obâ—ineant_fw-la nec_fw-la avaritiae_fw-la suae_fw-la finem_fw-la imponant_fw-la pugnent_fw-la consulto_fw-la singulariter_fw-la qui_fw-la singulariter_fw-la regnare_fw-la contendâ—â—t_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la ista_fw-la regnandi_fw-la libido_fw-la quod_fw-la anglia_fw-it modo_fw-la duobus_fw-la non_fw-la sufficit_fw-la quae_fw-la â—lim_fw-la octo_fw-la regibus_fw-la satisfuit_fw-la itaque_fw-la vel_fw-la soli_fw-la componant_fw-la vel_fw-la soli_fw-la pro_fw-la regno_fw-la decertent_fw-la placuit_fw-la autem_fw-la haec_fw-la sententia_fw-la omnibus_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la reges_fw-la procerum_fw-la delatum_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la illi_fw-la consentiendo_fw-la approbant_fw-la hereupon_o all_o the_o noble_n concur_v in_o this_o opinion_n both_o king_n approve_v their_o determination_n fight_v a_o royal_a single_a duel_n first_o on_o horseback_n then_o on_o foot_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o olerenge_n or_o olney_n near_a gloucester_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o severn_n in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o their_o army_n with_o extraordinary_a courage_n and_o equal_a success_n till_o they_o be_v both_o quite_o tire_v but_o neither_o of_o they_o vanquish_v at_o last_o upon_o cnutes_n motion_n they_o begin_v to_o parley_v in_o a_o friendly_a manner_n cnute_n speak_v thus_o to_o edmond_n hitherto_o i_o have_v be_v covetous_a of_o thy_o realm_n now_o most_o valiant_a of_o man_n i_o be_o very_o more_o desirous_a of_o thyself_o who_o i_o see_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v i_o say_v not_o before_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n but_o the_o whole_a world_n itself_o denmark_n have_v yield_v to_o i_o norwey_n have_v subject_v itself_o to_o i_o the_o king_n of_o swede_n have_v give_v i_o his_o hand_n and_o thy_o admirable_a valour_n have_v more_o than_o once_o fructrate_v the_o force_n of_o my_o assault_n which_o i_o believe_v no_o mortal_a man_n can_v have_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v wherefore_o although_o fortune_n have_v promise_v that_o i_o shall_v be_v every_o where_o a_o conqueror_n yet_o thy_o admirable_a valour_n have_v so_o allure_v i_o to_o favour_n that_o i_o above_o measure_n desire_v thou_o both_o for_o a_o friend_n and_o consort_n of_o my_o kingdom_n will_v to_o god_n that_o thou_o also_o may_v be_v as_o desirous_a of_o i_o that_o i_o may_v reign_v with_o thou_o in_o england_n and_o thou_o may_v reign_v with_o i_o in_o denmark_n true_o if_o thy_o valour_n shall_v be_v unite_v to_o my_o fortune_n norway_n will_v fear_v and_o sweden_n will_v quake_v france_n itself_o accustom_v to_o war_n will_v tremble_v in_o brief_a edmond_n and_o cnute_n both_o consent_n to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n edmond_n yield_v to_o word_n who_o have_v not_o yield_v to_o sword_n be_v overcome_v with_o this_o oration_n who_o can_v not_o be_v overcome_v with_o arm_n whereupon_o lay_v aside_o their_o arm_n they_o run_v and_o mutual_o embrace_v and_o kiss_v each_o other_o both_o army_n rejoice_v and_o the_o clergy_n sing_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la laudamus_fw-la with_o a_o loud_a voice_n afterward_o in_o testimony_n of_o agreement_n they_o change_v clothes_n and_o arm_n with_o each_o other_o and_o return_v to_o their_o army_n prescribe_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o agreement_n and_o peace_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n duâ—elmensis_n and_o 436._o roger_n hoveden_n add_v that_o they_o ratify_v the_o agreement_n with_o oath_n tributoque_fw-la quod_fw-la classicae_n manvi_fw-la penderetur_fw-la statuto_fw-la and_o appoint_v a_o tribute_n which_o shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o sea_n force_n 9_o and_o then_o depart_v from_o each_o other_o the_o dane_n return_v with_o the_o great_a booty_n they_o have_v get_v to_o their_o ship_n with_o who_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n dato_n precio_fw-la which_o they_o pay_v a_o prâ—ce_n for_o they_o permit_v they_o there_o to_o winter_n the_o realm_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o both_o but_o the_o crown_n remain_v to_o edmond_n with_o the_o city_n of_o london_n essex_n east-england_n and_o all_o the_o land_n on_o the_o southside_n the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o cnute_n enjoy_v the_o north_n part_n of_o england_n by_o mutual_a consent_n and_o agreement_n of_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o so_o this_o bloody_a war_n between_o they_o â—after_o 7._o or_o 8._o battle_n within_o so_o many_o month_n space_n cease_v soon_o after_o this_o fatal_a agreement_n and_o partition_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o make_v edmond_n but_o half_a a_o â—_z and_o england_n half_a denmark_n that_o ever_o traitorous_a duke_n edric_n to_o ingratiate_v himself_o the_o more_o with_o cnute_n treacherous_o murder_v king_n edmond_n at_o oxford_n of_o which_o there_o be_v 3._o different_a relation_n in_o our_o historian_n angliae_fw-la some_o say_v that_o he_o corrupt_v the_o king_n chamberlain_n wiâ—h_v gift_n to_o murder_v he_o in_o his_o bed_n and_o that_o king_n cnute_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o coronation_n cause_v all_o of_o they_o who_o have_v conspire_v his_o death_n by_o edric_n exhortation_n to_o come_v before_o he_o where_o they_o declare_v to_o the_o king_n the_o treason_n they_o have_v commit_v against_o king_n edmond_n expect_v a_o large_a reward_n for_o iâ—_n whereupon_o the_o king_n send_v for_o the_o great_a man_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o make_v the_o traitor_n to_o acknowledge_v their_o treason_n before_o they_o and_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o people_n fear_v lest_o otherwise_o it_o shall_v be_v believe_v that_o he_o have_v
bottom_n they_o be_v empty_v by_o the_o dane_n from_o their_o own_o vessel_n and_o their_o bottle_n break_v that_o have_v vent_v their_o red_a and_o bloody_a wine_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o the_o lord_n give_v they_o the_o cup_n of_o wrath_n who_o dregs_n he_o have_v former_o by_o their_o own_o hand_n wring_v out_o upon_o other_o nation_n for_o the_o saxon_n that_o have_v enlarge_v their_o kingdom_n by_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o briton_n and_o build_v their_o nest_n high_a upon_o the_o cedar_n of_o other_o as_o the_o prophet_n speak_v habbak_v 2._o commit_v a_o evil_a couâ—tousness_n to_o their_o own_o habitation_n and_o be_v strike_v by_o the_o same_o measure_n that_o they_o have_v measure_v to_o other_o when_o as_o the_o dane_n often_o attempt_v the_o land_n invasion_n and_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o english_a estate_n make_v way_n with_o their_o sword_n through_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o last_o advance_v the_o crown_n upon_o their_o own_o helmet_n which_o they_o wear_v only_o for_o three_o succession_n chap._n iu._n comprise_v a_o summary_n collection_n of_o all_o the_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n synod_n historical_a passage_n proceed_n law_n relate_v to_o the_o fundamental_a liberty_n franchise_n right_n government_n of_o the_o people_n and_o other_o remarkable_n under_o our_o danish_a king_n cnute_n harold_n and_o hardecnute_a from_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1017._o till_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n anno_fw-la 1042._o with_o some_o brief_a observation_n on_o the_o same_o immediate_o after_o the_o murder_n of_o king_n edmond_n ironside_n king_n cnute_n the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1017._o taking_n possession_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o england_n be_v solemn_o 906._o crown_v king_n at_o london_n 1017._o by_o live_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n succeed_v in_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n non_fw-fr successione_n haereditaria_fw-la sed_fw-la armorum_fw-la violentia_fw-la as_o 1782._o william_n thorne_n observe_v injust_a quidem_fw-la regnum_fw-la ingressus_fw-la sed_fw-la magna_fw-la civilitate_fw-la et_fw-la fortitudine_fw-la uâ—tam_fw-la componens_fw-la write_v 73._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n whereupon_o the_o better_a to_o fortify_v his_o military_a title_n with_o a_o seem_a public_a election_n by_o the_o noble_n and_o nation_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o their_o open_a disclaimer_n and_o renunciation_n of_o any_o right_a or_o title_n either_o in_o king_n edmond_n son_n or_o brethren_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n to_o settle_v it_o in_o perpetuity_n on_o himself_o and_o his_o posterity_n he_o cnute_n command_v all_o the_o bishop_n duke_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o be_v assemble_v together_o at_o london_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n where_o when_o they_o be_v all_o meet_v together_o in_o his_o presence_n he_o most_o crafty_o demand_v of_o they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v ignorant_a who_o be_v the_o witness_n between_o he_o and_o edmond_n ironside_n when_o they_o make_v their_o agreement_n and_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n between_o they_o what_o manner_n of_o conference_n there_o then_o be_v between_o he_o and_o edmond_n concern_v his_o brethren_n and_o son_n whether_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o edmond_n brethren_n or_o child_n to_o reign_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n after_o his_o death_n by_o any_o special_a reservation_n or_o agreement_n between_o they_o in_o case_n edmond_n shall_v die_v in_o his_o life-time_n who_o he_o have_v design_v to_o be_v his_o heir_n who_o he_o have_v appoint_v to_o be_v guardian_n to_o his_o son_n during_o their_o infancy_n and_o what_o he_o have_v command_v concern_v his_o brother_n alfred_n and_o edward_n to_o which_o they_o all_o answer_v both_o false_o and_o flatter_o say_v that_o they_o do_v most_o certain_o know_v king_n edmond_n neither_o live_v nor_o die_v have_v commend_v or_o give_v no_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brethren_n and_o they_o do_v likewise_o know_v that_o it_o be_v king_n edmond_n will_v that_o cnute_n shall_v be_v the_o guardian_n and_o protector_n of_o his_o son_n 8._o and_o of_o the_o realm_n until_o they_o be_v of_o age_n to_o reign_v call_v god_n himself_o to_o witness_v the_o truth_n hereof_o o_o the_o strange_a temporize_a falsity_n treachery_n perjury_n of_o man_n in_o all_o age_n but_o though_o they_o thus_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v yet_o they_o give_v a_o false_a testimony_n and_o fraudulent_o lie_v prefer_v a_o lie_n before_o the_o truth_n be_v forgetful_a of_o justice_n unmindful_a of_o nature_n unjust_a witness_n rise_v up_o against_o innocency_n and_o betrayer_n of_o their_o own_o blood_n and_o country_n when_o as_o they_o all_o well_o know_v that_o edmond_n have_v design_v his_o brethren_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o be_v guardian_n of_o his_o child_n think_v by_o this_o their_o false_a testimony_n to_o please_v king_n cnute_n to_o make_v he_o more_o mild_a and_o gracious_a to_o they_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v receive_v great_a reward_n from_o he_o for_o the_o same_o after_o their_o answer_n to_o those_o interrogatory_n to_o ingratiate_v themselves_o further_o with_o cnute_n though_o they_o be_v swear_v before_o to_o edmond_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v native_a englishman_n 1._o yet_o they_o there_o all_o take_v a_o solemn_a â—ath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o cnute_n swear_v to_o himâ—_n that_o they_o will_v and_o do_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o king_n &_o humble_o obey_v he_o et_fw-la exercitui_fw-la uectigalia_n dare_v and_o will_v give_v tribâ—tes_n to_o his_o army_n and_o have_v receive_v a_o pledge_n â—rom_fw-mi cnute_n naked_a hand_n with_o oath_n from_o the_o prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o dane_n &_o cnute_n reciprocal_a oath_n from_o they_o and_o all_o the_o people_n they_o ratify_v a_o mutual_a covenant_n and_o league_n of_o peace_n with_o reciprocal_a oath_n between_o both_o nation_n reconcile_a and_o abandon_v all_o public_a enmity_n between_o they_o they_o likewise_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v cast_v off_o banish_z and_o whole_o reject_v king_n edmond_n brother_n son_n nota._n and_o family_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o they_o there_o present_o fratres_n et_fw-la filios_fw-la edmondi_n regis_fw-la omnino_fw-la despexerunt_fw-la â—osque_fw-la reges_fw-la esse_fw-la negaverunâ—_n unum_fw-la autem_fw-la ex_fw-la ipsis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la clitonibus_fw-la edwinum_fw-la egregium_fw-la et_fw-la reverendissimum_fw-la edmundi_fw-la regis_fw-la germanum_fw-la ibidem_fw-la cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la pessimo_fw-la exulem_fw-la esse_fw-la debere_fw-la coustituerunt_fw-la as_o râ—ger_v de_fw-fr hoveden_n abbot_n ethelred_n wigorniâ—nsis_n and_o other_o at_o large_a record_n the_o story_n the_o discord_n treacherous_a falsehood_n disloyal_a proceed_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n then_o towards_o one_o another_o &_o the_o english_a royal_a line_n be_v thus_o elegant_o set_v forth_o by_o 374._o abbot_n ailred_n a_o lively_a character_n of_o our_o age_n externisque_fw-la malis_fw-la accessit_fw-la civilis_fw-la dâ—scordia_fw-la adeò_fw-la ut_fw-la quis_fw-la cui_fw-la crederâ—t_fw-la quis_fw-la cui_fw-la mentis_fw-la suae_fw-la secreta_fw-la commitâ—eret_fw-la nesciretur_fw-la plena_fw-la erat_fw-la proditoribus_fw-la insula_fw-la nusquam_fw-la tuta_fw-la fides_fw-la nuâ—quam_fw-la â—ine_z suspicion_n â—mor_n sermo_n sine_fw-la simulatione_fw-la tandem_fw-la eousque_fw-la proditio_fw-la civilis_fw-la et_fw-la astuâ—ia_fw-la processit_fw-la hostilis_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d rege_fw-la magna_fw-la pars_fw-la insâ—lae_fw-la legitimis_fw-la abdicatis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la cnutoni_fw-la qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la invaserat_fw-la manus_fw-la darent_fw-la peremptoque_fw-la iâ—victissimo_fw-la regâ—_n edmundo_n paterni_fw-la honoris_fw-la simul_fw-la â—t_a lâ—boris_fw-la haerede_fw-la etiam_fw-la filios_fw-la ejus_fw-la adâ—uc_fw-la in_o cunis_fw-la agentes_fw-la barbaris_fw-la miâ—terent_fw-la occidendos_fw-la king_n cnute_n hear_v this_o their_o palpable_a flattery_n and_o contemptuous_a rejection_n of_o edwin_n and_o the_o saxon_a regal_a line_n go_v joyful_o into_o his_o chamber_n and_o call_v perfidious_a duke_n edric_n to_o he_o demand_v of_o he_o how_o he_o may_v deceive_v prince_n edwin_n so_o as_o to_o have_v he_o murder_v who_o thereupon_o inform_v he_o how_o and_o by_o who_o his_o murder_n may_v be_v accomplish_v by_o promise_a reward_n of_o money_n and_o preferment_n which_o be_v according_o effect_v soon_o after_o by_o cnutes_n procurement_n and_o command_n this_o edric_n likewise_o persuade_v cnute_n to_o slay_v prince_n edward_n and_o edmond_n king_n edmond_n son_n whereupon_o statuit_fw-la cnuto_fw-mi mirabiliter_fw-la in_o animo_fw-la svo_fw-la omne_fw-la genus_fw-la gentis_fw-la regni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la perdere_fw-la vel_fw-la exilio_fw-la perenni_fw-la eliminare_fw-la ut_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la filiis_fw-la suis_fw-la jure_fw-la hâ—roditario_fw-la râ—servare_fw-la curaret_fw-la write_v matthew_n westminster_n p._n 402._o but_o because_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o great_a disgrace_n to_o he_o to_o murder_v these_o infant_n prince_n in_o england_n he_o afterward_o send_v they_o over_o sea_n to_o king_n swain_n to_o slay_v they_o in_o denmark_n who_o abhor_v the_o fact_n instead_o thereof_o send_v they_o to_o solomon_n king_n of_o hungary_n
to_o be_v preserve_v and_o educate_v cnute_n have_v thus_o through_o the_o flattery_n perjury_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o euglish_n prelate_n and_o noble_n â—ained_v the_o entire_a monarchy_n of_o englandâ—_n slay_v or_o banish_v all_o those_o perfidious_a english_a sycophant_n temporizer_n who_o have_v the_o chief_a hand_n in_o this_o false_a testimony_n abjuration_n &_o treacherous_a bloody_a advice_n against_o the_o saxon_a royal_a family_n â—y_a who_o couâ—cel_n he_o slay_v or_o banisheâ—_n all_o the_o blood-royal_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o so_o he_o may_v jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la reserve_v and_o perpetuate_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o own_o posterity_n by_o a_o hereditary_a right_n duke_n edric_n the_o principal_a of_o they_o for_o this_o and_o his_o other_o treason_n foremention_v be_v deprive_v of_o his_o dukedom_n of_o mercia_n and_o exemplary_o execute_v as_o a_o most_o perfidious_a traitor_n by_o cnute_n command_v the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o many_o of_o his_o captain_n and_o follower_n be_v slay_v with_o he_o of_o which_o at_o large_a before_o morâ—â—m_fw-la proditoriâ—_n pro_fw-la demeritis_fw-la accepit_fw-la laqueo_fw-la suspensus_fw-la et_fw-la in_o tamesin_n fluvium_fw-la projectus_fw-la cum_fw-la quo_fw-la plurimis_fw-la sattellitum_fw-la suorum_fw-la similiter_fw-la occisis_fw-la eâ—iam_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la praecipuus_fw-la et_fw-la primus_fw-la normannus_n occisus_fw-la est_fw-la write_v abbot_n 892._o ingulphus_n turkell_n duke_n of_o east-england_n and_o hirc_n duke_n of_o northumberland_n be_v both_o banish_v the_o realm_n duke_n norman_a and_o bridric_n slay_v and_o a_o heavy_a tax_n of_o 82_o thousand_o pound_n 8_o beside_o 10000_o pound_n impose_v on_o london_n alone_a impose_v and_o levy_v on_o the_o whole_a nation_n quoniam_fw-la igitur_fw-la proprii_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la proditores_fw-la adulantes_fw-la regi_fw-la mentiâ—i_fw-la sunâ—_n in_o caput_fw-la suum_fw-la gladiuâ—_fw-la eorum_fw-la intravit_fw-la in_o cor_fw-la eorum_fw-la et_fw-la à _fw-la cnutho_n quem_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la dominis_n praetulerunt_fw-la confractus_fw-la eâ—t_fw-la arcu_fw-la eoruâ—_n cum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d monarchiam_fw-la insulae_fw-la favenâ—ibus_fw-la illis_fw-la obâ—inuiâ—â—eâ—_n omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la primi_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la fuere_fw-la consilio_fw-la exterminavit_fw-la et_fw-la qâ—oâ—quoâ—_n de_fw-fr regio_fw-la semine_fw-la â—uperstites_fw-la reperit_fw-la vel_fw-la regno_fw-la repulit_fw-la vel_fw-la occidit_fw-la as_o 366._o abbot_n ethelred_n record_v to_o posterity_n to_o which_o 363._o henry_n huntindon_n and_o 3._o henrâ—_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n subjoin_n posteà _fw-la vero_fw-la rex_fw-la justo_fw-la dei_fw-la judicio_fw-la dignam_fw-la retributionem_fw-la nequitiae_fw-la anglis_fw-la reddidit_fw-la ipse_fw-la namque_fw-la rex_fw-la cnuâ—e_fw-la edricum_fw-la occidit_fw-la quia_fw-la timebat_fw-la ab_fw-la insidiâ—s_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la aliquando_fw-la circumveniri_fw-la sicut_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la priores_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la &_o edmondus_fw-la frequent_a sunt_fw-la circumventi_fw-la quorum_fw-la diutina_fw-la proditione_n alterum_fw-la vexavit_fw-la alterum_fw-la interfecit_fw-la add_v â—lorentius_fw-la wigorniâ—nsis_fw-la simeon_n dunelmensis_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n and_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la turkellum_fw-la exulavit_fw-la hirc_n fugere_fw-la compulit_fw-la praeterea_fw-la summos_fw-la procerum_fw-la aggressus_fw-la normannum_fw-la ducem_fw-la interfecit_fw-la edwi_n adeling_n exterminavit_fw-la adelwoldum_fw-la detruncavit_fw-la edwi_n churlege_v exulavit_fw-la birdric_n ferro_fw-la vita_fw-la privavit_fw-la 391._o aethelwardus_fw-la filius_fw-la agelmari_fw-la ducis_fw-la et_fw-la brihtricus_fw-la filius_fw-la alphegi_fw-la domnaniensis_fw-la satrapae_fw-la sinâ—_n culpa_fw-la interfecti_fw-la sunt_fw-la fecit_fw-la quoque_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la mirabilem_fw-la censum_fw-la reddi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la 82._o some_o write_v 72._o mille_fw-la librarum_fw-la praeter_fw-la undecies_fw-la mille_fw-la libriâ—_n quas_fw-la londinensis_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la dignum_fw-la igitur_fw-la exactorem_fw-la dominus_fw-la justus_n anglis_fw-la imposuit_fw-la for_o reject_v their_o own_o hereditary_a sovereign_a line_n 205._o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la english_v by_o trevisa_n fabian_n and_o 174._o grafton_n thus_o second_v they_o also_o they_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v in_o all_o wise_a put_v off_o edmond_n kin_n they_o trow_v thereby_o to_o be_v great_a with_o the_o king_n afterward_o but_o it_o fare_v far_o otherwise_o for_o many_o or_o the_o more_o part_n of_o they_o special_o such_o as_o canutus_n perceive_v be_v swear_v beâ—ore_o to_o edmond_n and_o his_o heir_n he_o mistrust_v and_o disdain_v ever_o after_o nota._n therefore_o some_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v by_o god_n rightful_a doom_n and_o some_o banish_v and_o exile_v and_o put_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o some_o by_o god_n punishment_n die_v sudden_o and_o come_v to_o a_o miserable_a end_n which_o other_o of_o our_o historian_n likewise_o register_v i_o shall_v desire_v all_o such_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o like_a treachery_n flattery_n practice_n or_o advice_n against_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n royal_a posterity_n advise_o to_o ponder_v this_o sad_a domestic_a precedent_n in_o their_o most_o retire_a meditation_n for_o fear_v they_o incur_v the_o like_a divine_a retaliation_n by_o god_n rightful_a doom_n when_o and_o by_o who_o they_o least_o suspect_v or_o fear_v it_o king_n cnute_n thus_o quit_v of_o all_o king_n edmond_n son_n 1018._o brethren_n kindred_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o great_a english_a duke_n and_o noble_n who_o may_v endanger_v his_o life_n crown_n and_o new-acquired_n monarchy_n in_o the_o next_o place_n contrive_v how_o to_o secure_v his_o empire_n against_o prince_n alfred_n and_o edward_n edmond_n brother_n then_o in_o normandy_n with_o queen_n emma_n their_o mother_n and_o their_o uncle_n richard_n duke_n of_o normandy_n a_o person_n of_o great_a valour_n power_n and_o interest_n the_o only_a person_n likely_a to_o attempt_v their_o restitution_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o which_o end_n he_o by_o gift_n ambassy_n and_o fair_a promise_n other_o procure_v earl_n richard_n consent_n to_o bestow_v his_o sister_n queen_n emma_n upon_o he_o for_o his_o wife_n who_o arrive_v in_o england_n in_o july_n 1018._o be_v present_o marry_v to_o this_o invader_n of_o her_o former_a husband_n kingdom_n his_o son_n royal_a throne_n and_o murderer_n banisher_n dishinheriter_fw-la of_o his_o and_o her_o royal_a posterity_n whereby_o her_o brother_n duke_n richard_n thought_n be_v whole_o divert_v from_o aid_v his_o nephew_n to_o recover_v their_o right_n in_o england_n 374._o exit_fw-la hinc_fw-la cum_fw-la câ—utoni_fw-la omne_fw-la pro_fw-la voto_fw-la cessissent_fw-la timens_fw-la ne_fw-la haeres_fw-la legitimus_fw-la regnum_fw-la quod_fw-la sibi_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la debebatur_fw-la aâ—â—quando_fw-la normanica_fw-la fretus_fw-la virâ—uâ—â—_n reposceret_fw-la â—t_a ducis_fw-la sibi_fw-la arctius_fw-la colligaret_fw-la affectum_fw-la emmam_fw-la â—efuncti_fw-la regis_fw-la relictam_fw-la duxit_fw-la vxorem_fw-la whereupon_o de_fw-fr illorum_fw-la elfredi_n &_o edwardi_fw-la restitutione_n richardun_n avunculum_fw-la nihil_fw-la egisse_fw-la comperimus_fw-la quia_fw-la et_fw-la sororem_fw-la svam_fw-la emmam_fw-la hosti_fw-la et_fw-la invasori_fw-la nuptam_fw-la collocauâ—t_fw-la ignores_fw-la majori_fw-la illius_fw-la dedecore_fw-la qui_fw-la dederit_fw-la aâ—_n fâ—minae_fw-la quae_fw-la conseâ—_fw-fr serat_fw-la ut_fw-la thalamo_fw-la illius_fw-la câ—leret_fw-la qui_fw-la viâ—um_fw-la infestaverit_fw-la filios_fw-la effugaverit_fw-la be_v 73._o malmesbury_n his_o observation_n and_o censure_n thereupon_o only_o their_o uncle_n robert_n attempt_v their_o â—estitution_n congregatis_fw-la navibus_fw-la et_fw-la impositis_fw-la militibus_fw-la profectionem_fw-la paravit_fw-la subinde_fw-la jactitans_fw-la se_fw-la pronepotes_fw-la suos_fw-la coronaturum_fw-la et_fw-la proculdudio_fw-la fidem_fw-la dictis_fw-la explesset_fw-la nisi_fw-la quia_fw-la ut_fw-la à _fw-la majoribus_fw-la accepimus_fw-la semper_fw-la â—i_fw-la ventus_fw-la adversabatur_fw-la eontrarius_fw-la per_fw-la occultum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la dei_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_fw-la cujus_fw-la voluntate_fw-la sunt_fw-la potestates_fw-la omnium_fw-la regnorum_fw-la reliquiae_fw-la navium_fw-la multo_fw-la tempore_fw-la dissolutarum_fw-la rothomagi_n adhuc_fw-la nostra_fw-la aetate_fw-la visebantur_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n by_o this_o match_n with_o queen_n emma_n as_o cnute_n take_v off_o duke_n richard_n from_o yield_v any_o assistance_n to_o his_o nephew_n in_o hope_n his_o sister_n may_v have_v issue_n by_o he_o to_o inherit_v the_o crown_n of_o eâ—gland_n it_o be_v agree_v between_o they_o on_o the_o marriage_n that_o the_o issue_n of_o cnute_n beget_v on_o she_o shall_v inherit_v the_o crown_n so_o it_o much_o oblige_v the_o english_a to_o he_o and_o make_v they_o more_o willing_a to_o submit_v to_o his_o government_n 73._o ut_fw-la dum_fw-la consuetae_fw-la domine_fw-la deferrent_fw-la obsequium_fw-la minus_fw-la danorum_fw-la suspirarent_fw-la imperium_fw-la the_o rather_o because_o they_o much_o honour_v and_o affect_v she_o for_o her_o manifold_a virtue_n of_o which_o they_o have_v long_o former_a experience_n and_o likewise_o because_o they_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o restore_v ethelreds_n issue_n by_o she_o to_o the_o crown_n again_o in_o case_n she_o have_v no_o issue_n by_o cnute_n to_o inherit_v it_o which_o in_o truth_n it_o effect_v by_o god_n providence_n contrary_a to_o cnutes_n design_n after_o this_o marriage_n this_o politic_a foreign_a intruder_n to_o establish_v his_o monarchy_n over_o england_n endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o english_a to_o he_o by_o all_o other_o
or_o orencester_n not_o winchester_n the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o queen_n emma_n and_o of_o his_o bishop_n and_o baron_n he_o place_v monk_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o bederichesiorthe_a where_o st._n edmund_n be_v inter_v and_o endow_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n edmond_n with_o so_o many_o farm_n and_o other_o good_n as_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o rich_a in_o all_o england_n as_o those_o historian_n witness_n who_o name_n and_o date_n the_o ignorant_a compiler_n oâ—_n this_o manuscript_n mistake_v who_o antiquity_n and_o reputation_n be_v very_o suspiâ—ious_a as_o 534._o sir_n henry_n spelman_n inform_v we_o first_o because_o sir_n henry_n can_v never_o gain_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o from_o sir_n edward_n cook_n though_o he_o ofttimes_o promise_v to_o lend_v it_o he_o to_o peruse_v for_o his_o satisfaction_n and_o that_o which_o dare_v not_o abide_v the_o sight_n and_o test_n of_o such_o a_o judicious_a learned_a antiquary_n when_o desire_v may_v just_o be_v deem_v a_o imposture_n 2_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conceive_v the_o author_n of_o this_o manuscript_n write_v not_o before_o the_o end_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d_o if_o so_o soon_o see_v he_o call_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o frequent_o a_o parliament_n which_o title_n be_v not_o give_v it_o in_o manuscript_n or_o historian_n till_o the_o end_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._n or_o aâ—ter_v his_o reign_n and_o wigorniensis_n matthew_n westminster_n hoveden_n and_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n all_o stile_n it_o only_o concilium_fw-la not_o parliamentum_fw-la 3_o because_o he_o certain_o mistake_v in_o his_o chronology_n in_o make_v aegelnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n hardecnute_n when_o as_o he_o die_v and_o eadsi_n be_v make_v archbishop_n thereof_o two_o year_n before_o hardicnuâ—es_n reign_n which_o eadsi_n crown_v he_o king_n as_o matt._n westminster_n an._n 1038._o together_o with_o matthew_n parker_n and_o godwin_n attest_v and_o therefore_o he_o may_v as_o gross_o mistake_v in_o other_o thing_n 4_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o recital_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v write_v above_o 130_o year_n at_o least_o after_o this_o council_n under_o cnute_n because_o it_o recite_v it_o precede_v the_o decree_n make_v so_o long_o after_o under_o pope_n eugenius_n an._n 1150._o 5ly_n the_o form_n of_o the_o prologue_n haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la statuta_fw-la etc._n etc._n couple_v with_o ad_fw-la suum_fw-la convocans_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la publico_fw-la parliamento_fw-la and_o aliis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v write_v before_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n when_o such_o phrase_n come_v first_o in_o use_n sir_n edward_n cook_n himself_o inform_v we_o in_o his_o epistle_n that_o in_o cnute_n his_o reign_n such_o state-assembly_n be_v style_v uenerandum_fw-la concilium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la enim_fw-la apuâ—_fw-la majores_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la illud_fw-la latin_a redditur_fw-la 6_o because_o it_o subjoin_v cum_fw-la quamplurimis_fw-la gregarâ—s_fw-la militibus_fw-la ac_fw-la cum_fw-la populi_fw-la multitudine_fw-la copiosa_fw-la as_o if_o â—hey_n have_v be_v personal_o present_a in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o well_o as_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o noble_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n in_o our_o four_o ancient_a historian_n which_o mention_v this_o council_n at_o cirencester_n neither_o can_v these_o gregarii_fw-la milites_fw-la be_v intend_v knight_n of_o shire_n nor_o populi_fw-la multitudine_fw-la copiosa_fw-la commoner_n or_o burgess_n elect_v to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n by_o and_o for_o the_o people_n as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o other_o fancy_n there_o be_v no_o mâ—ntion_n of_o any_o such_o choose_a kngihâ—s_n of_o county_n citizen_n burgess_n or_o commons_o in_o that_o or_o succeed_a age_n till_o about_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n hâ—nry_n the_o 3d._n but_o only_o ordinary_a soldier_n and_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n of_o people_n admit_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o council_n at_o the_o read_n and_o pass_v of_o the_o charter_n to_o st._n edmond_n as_o they_o be_v now_o admit_v into_o the_o lord_n house_n together_o with_o the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n at_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o upon_o public_a trial_n conference_n and_o occasion_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v more_o common_a people_n ten_o to_o one_o usual_o present_a to_o see_v and_o hear_v what_o be_v act_v who_o be_v no_o member_n than_o there_o be_v member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n which_o never_o sit_v together_o with_o the_o lord_n for_o aught_o appear_v much_o less_o in_o this_o parliament_n as_o some_o confident_o infer_v â—rom_o this_o spurious_a antiquity_n which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n little_o verse_v in_o antiquity_n and_o oft_o mistake_v in_o they_o so_o much_o magnify_v and_o insist_o on_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1021._o hoveden_n king_n cnute_n upon_o occasion_n and_o offence_n take_v by_o he_o banish_a duke_n 1021._o turkell_n to_o who_o he_o have_v former_o commit_v east_n england_n with_o edgitha_n his_o wife_n and_o hirc_n duke_n of_o northumberland_n out_o of_o england_n turkell_n no_o soon_o arrive_v in_o denmark_n but_o he_o be_v there_o slay_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o the_o country_n by_o divine_a vengeance_n he_o be_v a_o chief_a inciter_n of_o the_o death_n of_o st._n alphege_n 2._o 404._o the_o english_a &_o dane_n an._n 1022._o 1022._o in_o colloquio_fw-la apud_fw-la oxoniam_fw-la celebrato_fw-la de_fw-la legibus_fw-la regi_fw-la edwardi_fw-la prâ—mitenendis_fw-la coucorâ—es_fw-la facti_fw-la sunt_fw-la unde_fw-la â—isdem_fw-la legibus_fw-la jubente_fw-la rege_fw-la cnutone_n ab_fw-la anglica_n lingua_fw-la in_o latinam_fw-la translatis_fw-la tà m_fw-la in_o dania_n quam_fw-la in_o angliaâ—_n propter_fw-la earum_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la 5._o à _fw-la rege_fw-la praefato_fw-la observari_fw-la jubentur_fw-la as_o mat._n westminster_n relate_v anno_fw-la 1022._o so_o as_o he_o impose_v no_o new_a law_n on_o they_o nor_o revive_v old_a but_o only_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n both_o of_o english_a and_o danes_n 11_o king_n cnute_n in_o the_o year_n 1023._o 1023._o do_v so_o careful_o endeavour_v to_o reform_v all_o thing_n wherein_o himself_o or_o his_o ancestor_n have_v offend_v as_o he_o seem_v to_o wipe_v away_o prioris_fw-la injustitiae_fw-la naevum_fw-la the_o blot_n of_o his_o former_a injustice_n as_o well_o with_o god_n as_o with_o man_n and_o by_o the_o exhortation_n of_o queen_n emma_n study_v to_o reconcile_v all_o the_o 5._o english_a to_o himself_o he_o bestow_v many_o gift_n upon_o they_o et_fw-la insuper_fw-la bonas_fw-la leges_fw-la omnibus_fw-la et_fw-la placentes_fw-la promisit_fw-la and_o moreover_o promise_v good_a and_o please_a law_n to_o all_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o win_v and_o knit_v the_o people_n heart_n 11._o anno_fw-la 1024._o 1024._o cnute_n lead_v a_o army_n of_o english_a and_o dane_n against_o the_o swede_n whereof_o he_o lose_v many_o in_o the_o first_o battle_n the_o next_o day_n when_o he_o appoint_v again_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o earl_n godwin_n general_n of_o the_o enlish_a militia_n without_o king_n cnutes_n privity_n resolve_v with_o his_o english_a force_n alone_o to_o invade_v the_o swedish_n enemy_n in_o the_o night_n whereupon_o use_v this_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n ut_fw-la pristinae_fw-la gloriae_fw-la memores_fw-la robur_fw-la suum_fw-la oculis_fw-la novi_fw-la domini_fw-la assererent_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o alâ—_n valiant_o assault_v the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n 8._o slay_v a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o they_o and_o compel_v the_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n ulf_n and_o eglaf_n to_o yield_v to_o term_n of_o peace_n cnute_n prepare_v to_o fight_v very_o early_a the_o next_o morning_n think_v the_o english_a have_v be_v either_o flee_v away_o or_o revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n but_o march_v to_o the_o enemy_n tent_n and_o find_v nothing_o but_o the_o blood_n and_o carcase_n of_o those_o the_o english_a have_v slay_v he_o thereupon_o ever_o after_o have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n who_o by_o this_o their_o victory_n comitatum_fw-la duci_fw-la sibi_fw-la laudem_fw-la paraverunt_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n cnute_n return_v joyful_a of_o this_o victory_n into_o england_n and_o bestow_v a_o earldom_n on_o godwin_n for_o this_o service_n 1030._o in_o the_o year_n 1027._o cnute_n hear_v that_o the_o norwegian_n disesteem_v olaus_n their_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o simplicity_n other_o bribe_v his_o noble_n with_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o reject_v olaus_n and_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o do_v the_o next_o year_n he_o fail_v into_o norwey_n with_o 50_o ship_n thrust_v olaus_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o subdue_v his_o realm_n to_o himself_o whence_o return_v into_o england_n an._n 1029._o hâ—conem_fw-la danicum_fw-la comitem_fw-la quasi_fw-la legationis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_fw-la exilium_fw-la misit_fw-la
meis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la meo_fw-la lucrentur_fw-la et_fw-la inde_fw-la mihi_fw-la serviant_fw-la et_fw-la nemo_fw-la cogatur_fw-la ad_fw-la firmae_fw-la adjutorium_fw-la aliquid_fw-la dare_v nisi_fw-la sponte_fw-la sua_fw-la velit_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la aliquem_fw-la inde_fw-la gravabit_fw-la werae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la orga_fw-la regem_fw-la lex_fw-la 97._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la ex_fw-la hac_fw-la vita_fw-la decedat_fw-la sine_fw-la distributione_n rerum_fw-la suarum_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la incustodiamâ—_n vel_fw-la per_fw-la mortem_fw-la improvisam_fw-la non_fw-la usurpet_fw-la dominus_fw-la ejus_fw-la de_fw-la pecunia_fw-la nisi_fw-la quantum_fw-la ad_fw-la justam_fw-la relevationem_fw-la pertinet_fw-la quae_fw-la anglicè_fw-la voco_fw-la hereget_fw-la sed_fw-la sit_fw-la secundnm_fw-la dictionem_fw-la ejus_fw-la ipsa_fw-la pecunia_fw-la recte_fw-la divisa_fw-la uxori_fw-la pveris_fw-la et_fw-la propinquis_fw-la unicuique_fw-la secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la et_fw-la sint_fw-la relevationes_fw-la ità _fw-la minutae_fw-la sicut_fw-la modus_fw-la est_fw-la comitis_fw-la sicut_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la perâ—inet_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la octo_fw-la equi_fw-la quatuor_fw-la sellati_fw-la quatuor_fw-la insellati_fw-la et_fw-la galeae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la et_fw-la loricae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la cum_fw-la octo_fw-la lanceis_fw-la et_fw-la totidem_fw-la scutis_fw-la et_fw-la gladii_fw-la quatuorâ—_n et_fw-la cc._o marcae_fw-la auri_fw-la postea_fw-la thayni_n regis_fw-la qui_fw-la ei_fw-la proximus_fw-la sit_fw-la quatuor_fw-la equi_fw-la duo_fw-la sellati_fw-la et_fw-la duo_fw-la insellati_fw-la et_fw-la duo_fw-la gladii_fw-la et_fw-la quatuor_fw-la laâ—ceae_fw-la et_fw-la totidem_fw-la scuta_fw-la et_fw-la galea_fw-la cum_fw-la lorica_fw-la sua_fw-la et_fw-la 50._o marcae_fw-la auri_fw-la et_fw-la mediocris_fw-la thayni_n equus_fw-la cum_fw-la apparatu_fw-la svo_fw-la et_fw-la arma_fw-la sua_fw-la vel_fw-la suum_fw-la halsfang_n in_o westsaxia_n in_fw-la mircenis_fw-la ij_o l._n in_fw-it estanglia_fw-it ij_o l._n et_fw-la si_fw-la notus_fw-la sit_fw-la regi_fw-la equi_fw-la duo_fw-la unus_fw-la cum_fw-la sella_fw-la et_fw-la alius_fw-la sine_fw-la sella_fw-la et_fw-la unus_fw-la gladius_fw-la et_fw-la dvae_fw-la lanceae_fw-la et_fw-la totidem_fw-la scuta_fw-la et_fw-la 50_o marcae_fw-la auri_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la minus_fw-la potest_fw-la det_fw-la dvas_fw-la libras_fw-la 9_o lex_fw-la 104._o et_fw-la qui_fw-la fugiat_fw-la à _fw-la domino_fw-la vel_fw-la socio_fw-la svo_fw-la pro_fw-la timiditate_fw-la in_o expedâ—tione_fw-la navali_fw-la vel_fw-la terrestri_fw-la per_fw-la that_fw-mi omne_fw-la quod_fw-la suum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la svam_fw-la â—psius_fw-la vitam_fw-la et_fw-la manus_fw-la mittat_fw-la dominus_fw-la ad_fw-la terram_fw-la quam_fw-la ei_fw-la antea_fw-la dederat_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la terram_fw-la haereditariam_fw-la habeat_fw-la ipsa_fw-la in_o manum_fw-la regis_fw-la transeat_fw-la lex_fw-la 105._o et_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la aâ—te_fw-la dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la ceciderit_fw-la sâ—t_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la sit_fw-la alibi_fw-la sint_fw-la relevatitone_n condonatae_fw-la et_fw-la haâ—_n beâ—nt_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ejus_fw-la terram_fw-la sicut_fw-la et_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la svam_fw-la et_fw-la rectè_fw-la dividant_a inter_fw-la se._n lex_fw-la 107._o et_fw-la volo_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la pacem_fw-la habeat_fw-la eundo_fw-la ad_fw-la gemoâ—um_fw-la uâ—l_fw-la rediens_fw-la de_fw-fr gemoto_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la placito_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la fur_n probatus_fw-la lex_fw-la 110._o qui_fw-la leges_fw-la istas_fw-la apostabit_fw-la quas_fw-la rex_fw-la modo_fw-la nobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la indulsit_fw-la sit_fw-la dacus_n sit_fw-la anglus_fw-la werae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la erga_fw-la regâ—m_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la secundo_fw-la faciat_fw-la reddat_fw-la bis_fw-la weram_fw-la svam_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la addat_fw-la tertio_fw-la râ—us_fw-la sit_fw-la omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la habebit_fw-la in_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o law_n all_o corporal_a and_o pecuniary_a penalty_n and_o fine_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o offence_n and_o crime_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n and_o none_o leave_v arbitrary_a and_o by_o lex_fw-la 104_o 105._o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o military_a law_n as_o well_o as_o the_o civil_a &_o ecclesiastical_a be_v make_v in_o and_o by_o advice_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o great_a council_n the_o 913._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n inform_v we_o that_o king_n cnute_n per_fw-la chartam_fw-la svam_fw-la à _fw-la se_fw-la et_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la dedit_fw-la quam_fw-la cito_fw-la post_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la svo_fw-la apud_fw-la wintoniam_fw-la 10._o when_o and_o where_o â—hose_v law_n be_v make_v coram_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la give_v and_o confirm_v the_o manor_n of_o horning_n ludham_n and_o netershede_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o cowholm_n in_o norfolk_n and_o that_o one_o maynard_n ride_v towards_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n break_v his_o neck_n who_o have_v so_o incense_v the_o king_n against_o wulfriâ—_n and_o the_o monk_n of_o this_o monastery_n that_o he_o threaten_v to_o put_v â—hem_fw-mi to_o death_n what_o land_n and_o privilege_n he_o give_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o st._n cuthberts_n church_n in_o durham_n christs-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o other_o monastery_n the_o 1910._o marginal_a author_n will_v inform_v we_o about_o the_o year_n 1034._o 1034._o lifeâ—_n king_n cnute_n have_v obtain_v the_o sovereign_a dominion_n of_o england_n scotland_n norwey_n a_o great_a part_n of_o sweden_n and_o of_o all_o denmark_n principal_o by_o the_o sword_n through_o the_o flattery_n of_o his_o follower_n who_o style_v he_o a_o king_n of_o all_o king_n most_o mighty_a sovereign_n and_o the_o like_a who_o have_v under_o his_o subjection_n &_o dominion_n not_o only_o the_o people_n and_o land_n but_o the_o sea_n likewise_o &_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a dominion_n be_v so_o much_o elevate_v with_o pride_n of_o heart_n that_o he_o once_o command_v the_o royal_a throne_n of_o his_o empire_n to_o be_v place_v on_o the_o sea_n shore_n near_o the_o water_n as_o the_o sea_n be_v flow_v in_o upon_o it_o and_o then_o step_v up_o into_o his_o throne_n &_o sit_v in_o it_o he_o speak_v thus_o to_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o imperious_a manner_n as_o if_o he_o be_v absolute_a sovereign_n of_o it_o tu_fw-la meae_fw-la ditionis_fw-la es_fw-la etc._n etc._n thou_o be_v under_o my_o dominion_n and_o part_n of_o my_o empire_n and_o the_o land_n on_o which_o i_o sit_v be_v i_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o one_o in_o it_o who_o dare_v resist_v my_o command_n without_o punishment_n therefore_o i_o now_o command_v thou_o that_o thou_o ascend_v and_o come_v not_o up_o upon_o my_o land_n nor_o yet_o presume_v to_o wet_v my_o royal_a robe_n nor_o the_o foot_n or_o member_n of_o thy_o sovereign_n but_o the_o sea_n notwithstanding_o this_o inhibition_n ascend_v after_o its_o accustom_a manner_n and_o nature_n and_o no_o way_n obey_v his_o command_n wet_a both_o his_o foot_n leg_n and_o royal_a robe_n without_o any_o reverence_n whereupon_o the_o king_n leap_v hasty_o out_o of_o his_o throne_n almost_o over-late_a and_o retire_v from_o the_o wave_n use_v these_o word_n lâ—t_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o world_n know_v that_o the_o power_n of_o king_n be_v but_o vain_a and_o frivolous_a and_o that_o no_o man_n be_v worthy_a the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n but_o he_o alone_o to_o who_o beck_n both_o heaven_n earth_n and_o the_o sea_n obey_v by_o everlasting_a law_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n superadde_v thereto_o as_o part_v of_o his_o speech_n which_o most_o other_o omit_v i_o be_o a_o wretch_n and_o a_o captive_n able_a to_o do_v nothing_o possess_v nothing_o without_o his_o gift_n i_o commend_v i_o recommend_v myself_o to_o he_o and_o let_v he_o be_v the_o guardian_n of_o debility_n amen_n after_o which_o king_n cnute_n never_o wear_v his_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n but_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n as_o most_o accord_n to_o the_o praise_n of_o the_o great_a king_n thereby_o give_v a_o great_a example_n of_o humility_n to_o king_n and_o conqueror_n who_o in_o the_o height_n of_o all_o their_o power_n can_v not_o command_v the_o sea_n or_o least_o wave_v not_o to_o flow_v or_o wash_v they_o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n conceive_v this_o to_o be_v before_o his_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n other_o express_o record_v it_o be_v after_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o who_o computation_n i_o here_o follow_v and_o therefore_o place_v it_o in_o this_o year_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1035._o king_n cnute_n a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n 1035._o make_v this_o partition_n of_o his_o kingdom_n among_o his_o son_n other_o swain_n his_o son_n by_o q._n algiva_n or_o as_o some_o affirm_v of_o a_o priest_n wife_n suborn_v by_o algiva_n as_o her_o own_o he_o make_v king_n of_o norwey_n his_o son_n hardecnute_a by_o queen_n emma_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o denmark_n as_o wigorniensis_n hoveden_n and_o other_o write_v yet_o some_o gainsay_v it_o that_o he_o make_v his_o son_n harold_n king_n of_o england_n and_o soon_o after_o die_v at_o shaftesbury_n november_n 12._o 1035._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n immediate_o after_o his_o decease_n the_o noble_n meet_v at_o oxford_n about_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a â—_z which_o our_o historian_n thus_o
act_n without_o their_o seek_n as_o he_o do_v here_o restore_v prince_n edward_n after_o 25_o year_n interruption_n and_o aurelius_n ambrose_n long_v before_o to_o the_o british_a crown_n to_o omit_v all_o other_o 6._o that_o crown_n invade_v ravish_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o bloodshed_n be_v seldom_o long_o or_o peaceable_o enjoy_v by_o the_o usurper_n themselves_o or_o their_o posterity_n that_o of_o curtius_n be_v a_o experimental_a truth_n 396._o non_fw-la est_fw-la diuâ—turna_fw-la possessio_fw-la in_o quam_fw-la gladio_fw-la inducimur_fw-la all_o which_o we_o find_v experimental_o verify_v in_o this_o history_n of_o king_n edward_n his_o election_n and_o restitution_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n worthy_a our_o special_a observation_n king_n edw._n come_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v not_o only_o very_o charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a humble_a merciful_a and_o just_a towards_o all_o man_n but_o also_o plures_fw-la lâ—ges_fw-la bonas_n in_o anglia_fw-it statuit_fw-la quae_fw-la pro_fw-la majore_fw-la paâ—te_fw-la adhuc_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la tenerentur_fw-la whereupon_o about_o the_o year_n 1043._o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o brompton_n 937.938_o william_n caxton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n and_o mr._n selden_n inform_v we_o earl_n godwin_n a_o fugitive_n in_o denmark_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n 6._o hear_v of_o his_o piety_n and_o mercy_n resolve_v to_o return_v into_o england_n humble_o to_o implore_v his_o mercy_n and_o grace_n 5._o that_o he_o may_v have_v his_o land_n again_o that_o be_v confiscate_v have_v provide_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o voyage_n he_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o arrive_v in_o englanâ—_n and_o then_o post_v to_o london_n ubi_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la magnates_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la tum_o fuerunt_fw-la where_o the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v then_o at_o a_o parliament_n here_o he_o beseech_v &_o entreat_v his_o friend_n &_o kindred_n who_o be_v the_o great_a lord_n of_o the_o land_n after_o the_o king_n that_o they_o will_v study_v to_o procure_v to_o he_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o friendship_n who_o have_v thereupon_o take_v deliberate_a counsel_n among_o themselves_o lead_v he_o with_o they_o before_o the_o king_n to_o seek_v his_o grace_n but_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n see_v he_o he_o present_o appeal_v he_o of_o treason_n &_o of_o the_o death_n of_o alfred_n his_o brother_n and_o use_v these_o word_n unto_o he_o say_v thou_o traitor_n godwin_n 2.4.5.6_o â—_o thou_o appeal_v for_o the_o death_n of_o alfred_n my_o brother_n who_o thou_o have_v traitorous_o slay_v to_o who_o godwin_n excuse_v himself_o answer_v my_o lord_n and_o king_n save_v your_o revereâ—câ—_n and_o grace_n peace_n &_o lordship_n i_o never_o betray_v nor_o yeâ—_n slay_v your_o brother_n unde_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la pono_fw-la me_fw-it in_o consideratione_n curiae_fw-la vestrae_fw-la whence_o i_o put_v my_o sâ—lf_n upon_o the_o consideration_n and_o judgement_n of_o your_o courâ—_n concern_v this_o matter_n then_o say_v the_o king_n karissimi_fw-la domini_fw-la comites_fw-la et_fw-fr barones_n terrae_fw-la etc._n etc._n most_o dear_a lord_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o land_n who_o be_v my_o liege-man_n now_o here_o assemble_v you_o have_v hear_v both_o my_o appeal_n and_o godwin_n answer_v volo_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o iâ—ta_fw-la appellatione_fw-la rectum_fw-la judicium_fw-la decernatis_fw-la et_fw-la debitam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la faciatis_fw-la i_o will_v that_o between_o we_o in_o this_o appeal_v you_o award_v right_a judgement_n and_o do_v due_a justicâ—_n comitibus_fw-la vero_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la ad_fw-la inuicem_fw-la tractantibus_fw-la hereupon_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n debate_v upon_o this_o business_n among_o themselves_o some_o among_o thâ—m_n be_v different_a in_o their_o opinion_n from_o other_o in_o do_v just_a judgement_n herein_o for_o some_o say_v that_o godwin_n be_v never_o oblige_v to_o the_o king_n so_o bromton_n to_o alfred_n write_v caxâ—on_n by_o homage_n service_n or_o fealty_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v not_o his_o traitor_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o slay_v alfred_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o other_o say_v quod_fw-la comes_fw-la nec_fw-la baro_n nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la regi_fw-la subditus_fw-la bellum_fw-la contra_fw-la regem_fw-la in_o appellatione_fw-la sua_fw-la de_fw-fr lege_fw-la potâ—st_fw-la vadiare_fw-la that_o neither_o the_o earl_n nor_o any_o baron_n nor_o any_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n can_v by_o the_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o appeal_n but_o ought_v whole_o to_o put_v himself_o in_o his_o mercy_n and_o to_o offer_v he_o competent_a amends_o then_o leofric_n earl_n of_o chester_n or_o coventry_n as_o caxton_n a_o good_a man_n towards_o god_n and_o the_o world_n speak_v and_o say_v the_o earl_n godwin_n after_o the_o king_n be_v a_o man_n of_o the_o best_a parentage_n of_o all_o england_n and_o he_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o by_o his_o council_n alfred_n thâ—_n king_n brother_n be_v slay_v wherefore_o i_o award_v as_o touch_v my_o parâ—_n that_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n and_o every_o of_o we_o duodecim_fw-la comites_fw-la the_o twelve_o earl_n who_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o kinsman_n shall_v go_v humble_o before_o the_o king_n lade_v with_o as_o much_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o every_o of_o we_o can_v carry_v between_o his_o arm_n offering_z that_o to_o he_o for_o his_o trespass_n and_o submissive_o deprecate_v that_o he_o woulâ—_n pardon_v all_o his_o rancour_n and_o ill-will_n to_o the_o earl_n and_o receive_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n he_o will_v restore_v and_o redeliver_v his_o land_n entire_o to_o himâ—_n unto_o which_o award_n they_o all_o according_a they_o all_o jade_a themselves_o with_o treasure_n in_o the_o manner_n aforesaid_a and_o gâ—ing_v to_o the_o king_n declare_v unto_o he_o the_o order_n and_o mannâ—r_n of_o their_o judgement_n or_o award_n quorum_fw-la considerationi_fw-la rex_fw-la contradicere_fw-la nolens_fw-la quicquid_fw-la judicaverant_fw-la per_fw-la omnia_fw-la ratiâ—icavit_fw-la the_o king_n not_o willing_a to_o contradict_v they_o in_o any_o thing_n thâ—y_o have_v judge_v ratify_v the_o same_o in_o all_o thing_n a_o agreement_n therefore_o be_v make_v between_o thâ—m_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o earl_n present_o regain_v all_o his_o land_n the_o generality_n of_o our_o historian_n as_o bromâ—on_n confess_v deny_v that_o godwin_n ever_o flee_v into_o dâ—nmark_n or_o leave_v england_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o alfred_n graft_n they_o general_o affirm_v that_o he_o purge_v himself_o thereof_o though_o false_o coram_fw-la proceribus_fw-la before_o the_o noble_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hardecnute_a swear_v with_o his_o compurgator_n that_o he_o never_o consent_v to_o his_o death_n nisi_fw-la regia_fw-la vi_o coactus_fw-la but_o through_o compulsion_n by_o royal_a violence_n record_v likewise_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n hardecnute_a prince_n edward_n be_v call_v out_o of_o normandy_n and_o elect_a king_n principal_o by_o the_o help_n and_o counsel_n of_o earl_n godwin_n himself_o who_o as_o malmesbuâ—y_n and_o other_o write_v persuade_v he_o to_o accept_v the_o crown_n and_o precontract_v with_o he_o before_o hâ—_n come_v into_o england_n 80._o paciscatur_fw-la ergo_fw-la sibi_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la solidam_fw-la filiis_fw-la honores_fw-la integros_fw-la filiae_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la brevi_fw-la futurum_fw-la ut_fw-la se_fw-la regem_fw-la videat_fw-la qui_fw-la nunc_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la naufragus_fw-la exul_fw-la spei_fw-la alterius_fw-la opem_fw-la implorat_fw-la utrinque_fw-la fide_fw-la data_fw-la quicquid_fw-la petebatur_fw-la sacramento_fw-la firmavit_fw-la if_o there_o be_v then_o any_o such_o parliament_n as_o this_o then_o hold_v at_o london_n and_o such_o proceed_n in_o it_o concern_v godwin_n it_o be_v most_o probable_o in_o the_o year_n 1043â—_n as_o i_o here_o place_v it_o and_o from_o these_o memorable_a proceed_n in_o it_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v mention_v only_o of_o the_o king_n earls_z and_o baron_n present_a in_o this_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o it_o not_o of_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n or_o burgess_n elect_v by_o the_o people_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n 2._o that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o that_o age_n in_o parliament_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n subject_n both_o in_o criminal_a and_o other_o cause_n there_o decide_v 3._o that_o peer_n in_o that_o age_n be_v only_o try_v and_o judge_v by_o their_o peer_n for_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 4._o that_o appeal_v of_o treason_n be_v then_o try_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n the_o sole_a judge_n of_o they_o and_o of_o what_o offence_n be_v treason_n and_o what_o not_o 5._o that_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n in_o that_o age_n have_v no_o vote_n in_o matter_n of_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 6._o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o parliament_n then_o reâ—ted_v proper_o in_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n not_o the_o king_n and_o that_o their_o judgement_n be_v not_o repealable_a by_o but_o obligatory_a to_o the_o
themselves_o suspect_v think_v it_o not_o safe_a for_o they_o to_o come_v thither_o without_o a_o arm_a guard_n whereupon_o they_o encamp_v at_o brâ—verstone_n with_o a_o great_a host_n and_o there_o stay_v give_v out_o a_o report_n among_o the_o people_n 9_o that_o they_o have_v therefore_o gather_v a_o army_n together_o out_o of_o kent_n surry_n yorkshire_n oxfordshire_n glocestershire_n somersetshire_n herfordshire_n essâ—x_n notinghamshire_n and_o other_o part_n that_o they_o may_v curb_v the_o welshman_n who_o meditate_v tyranny_n and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n have_v fortify_v a_o town_n in_o herefordshire_n where_o swain_n one_o of_o the_o earl_n godwin_n son_n than_o pretend_v to_o keep_v watch_n and_o ward_n against_o they_o the_o king_n hear_v that_o godwin_n and_o his_o sonnâ—s_n have_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n of_o man_n out_o of_o all_o these_o county_n upon_o this_o false_a pretext_n present_o send_v messenger_n to_o syward_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n and_o leofric_n earl_n of_o mercia_n to_o hasten_v to_o he_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n with_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v raise_v who_o repair_v to_o he_o at_o the_o first_o with_o small_a force_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o know_v how_o the_o matter_n go_v send_v their_o officer_n through_o their_o country_n together_o with_o earl_n ralph_n in_o his_o country_n speedy_o assemble_v a_o great_a army_n to_o assist_v the_o king_n ready_a to_o encounter_v these_o enemy_n if_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n godwin_n march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o glocestershire_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o king_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o some_o other_o story_n command_v he_o to_o deliver_v up_o earl_n eustace_n with_o his_o companion_n &_o the_o norman_n &_o bonomans_n who_o then_o hold_v the_o castl_n of_o douâ—r_n to_o he_o else_o he_o shall_v denounce_v war_n against_o he_o to_o who_o the_o king_n be_v sufficient_o furnish_v with_o military_a force_n send_v this_o answer_n that_o he_o will_v not_o deliver_v up_o earl_n eustace_n 2._o to_o he_o command_v moreover_o ut_fw-la qui_fw-la exercitum_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la collegerat_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la eâ—us_fw-la licentia_fw-la pacem_fw-la regne_n perturbaverat_fw-la veniret_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la die_fw-la statuta_fw-la sâ—per_fw-la hac_fw-la injuria_fw-la sibi_fw-la responsurus_fw-la &_o juri_fw-la pariturus_fw-la godwin_n and_o his_o son_n be_v accuse_v of_o a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n and_o make_v odious_a to_o the_o whole_a court_n by_o the_o welshman_n and_o norman_n so_o that_o a_o rumour_n be_v spread_v abroad_o that_o the_o king_n army_n will_v assault_v they_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o quarter_v and_o be_v unanimous_o resolve_v and_o ready_a to_o fight_v with_o godwin_n army_n be_v much_o incense_a against_o he_o if_o the_o king_n will_v have_v permit_v they_o quo_fw-la accepto_fw-la godwinus_fw-la ad_fw-la conjuratos_fw-la classicum_fw-la cecinit_fw-la ut_fw-la ultro_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la non_fw-la resisterent_fw-la sed_fw-la si_fw-la conventi_fw-la suissent_fw-la quin_fw-la se_fw-la ulciscerentur_fw-la loco_fw-la non_fw-la cederent_fw-la &_o profecto_fw-la facinus_fw-la miserabile_fw-la &_o plus_fw-la quam_fw-la civil_a bellum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la maturiora_fw-la consilia_fw-la interessent_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n but_o because_o the_o best_a and_o great_a man_n of_o all_o england_n be_v engage_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o other_o it_o seem_v a_o great_a unadvisednesse_n to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o other_o that_o they_o shall_v fight_v a_o battle_n and_o wage_v war_n with_o their_o own_o countryman_n and_o thereupon_o they_o advise_v that_o hostage_n be_v give_v on_o both_o side_n the_o king_n and_o godwin_n shall_v meet_v at_o london_n on_o a_o certain_a day_n to_o plead_v together_o which_o counsel_n be_v approve_v of_o and_o messenger_n run_v to_o and_o fro_o between_o they_o hostage_n be_v give_v and_o receive_v and_o some_o small_a agreement_n make_v between_o they_o at_o the_o present_a thereupon_o the_o earl_n return_v into_o west-sax_n and_o the_o king_n increase_v his_o army_n both_o out_o of_o mercia_n and_o northumberland_n return_v with_o they_o to_o london_n by_o agreement_n between_o both_o party_n iterumque_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la ut_fw-la londini_fw-la concilium_fw-la coageretur_fw-la and_o it_o be_v again_o command_v by_o the_o king_n that_o a_o council_n or_o parliament_n 6._o as_o trevisa_n speed_n and_o other_o render_v iâ—_n shall_v be_v assemble_v at_o london_n swain_n the_o son_n of_o godwin_n be_v command_v to_o mitigate_v the_o king_n anger_n by_o his_o flight_n godwin_n and_o harold_n be_v order_v to_o come_v to_o this_o council_n with_o twelve_o man_n only_o in_o their_o company_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v resign_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o service_n of_o all_o the_o knight_n and_o soldier_n which_o they_o have_v throughout_o england_n but_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n as_o they_o dare_v not_o wage_v war_n against_o the_o king_n so_o ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la venire_fw-la juri_fw-la parituri_fw-la negabant_fw-la they_o will_v not_o come_v to_o his_o court_n to_o put_v themselves_o upon_o a_o legal_a trial_n allege_v that_o they_o will_v not_o go_v to_o a_o conventicle_n of_o factious_a person_n without_o pledge_n and_o hostage_n that_o they_o will_v obey_v their_o lord_n in_o the_o surrender_n of_o all_o their_o knight_n service_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n else_o without_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o safety_n that_o if_o they_o come_v thither_o unarm_v they_o may_v fear_v the_o loss_n of_o lifâ—_n if_o with_o a_o few_o follower_n it_o will_v be_v a_o reproach_n to_o their_o honour_n but_o the_o king_n be_v so_o resolute_a in_o his_o mind_n that_o he_o will_v not_o recede_v from_o what_o he_o have_v resolve_v by_o their_o entreaty_n â—pon_o their_o refusal_n to_o come_v unto_o his_o court_n to_o justify_v themselves_o rex_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la concilio_n communi_fw-la curiae_fw-la suae_fw-la judicio_fw-la by_o the_o common_a judgement_n of_o his_o court_n 2.6_o in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n et_fw-la omnis_fw-la exercitus_fw-la unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o his_o whole_a army_n as_o flo-rence_a of_o worcester_n and_o his_o follower_n subjoyne_v banish_v godwin_n himself_o and_o his_o five_o son_n out_o of_o england_n whereupon_o prolatum_fw-la edictum_fw-la est_fw-la a_o decree_n &_o proclamation_n be_v then_o publish_v that_o within_o five_o day_n they_o shall_v depart_v out_o of_o england_n godwin_n perceve_v that_o his_o soldier_n desert_v he_o some_o &_o some_o â—or_a fear_n of_o the_o king_n army_n and_o displeasure_n thereupon_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n gâ—va_n and_o his_o three_o son_n swain_n gurth_n and_o tosti_n with_o his_o wife_n judith_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n depart_v present_o out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n into_o flanders_n to_o earl_n baldwin_n with_o much_o treasure_n but_o his_o other_o two_o soâ—nâ—s_n harold_n and_o leofric_n sail_v by_o bristol_n into_o ireland_n moreover_o the_o king_n put_v away_o his_o queen_n edâ—tha_v for_o her_o father_n godwin_n sake_n thrust_v she_o into_o the_o abbey_n of_o warwel_n or_o redwel_n without_o worship_n with_o one_o maid_n only_o to_o attend_v she_o commit_v she_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o abbess_n his_o own_o sister_n take_v away_o all_o her_o substance_n without_o leave_v she_o so_o much_o as_o one_o penny_n 82._o ne_fw-la scilicet_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la parentibus_fw-la patriam_fw-la suspirantâ—bus_fw-la sola_fw-la sterteret_fw-la in_o pluma_fw-la harold_n earldom_n and_o county_n wâ—a_v bestow_v on_o algarus_fw-la who_o rule_v it_o noble_o and_o he_o with_o good_a will_n resign_v it_o up_o to_o harold_n upon_o his_o return_n these_o thing_n be_v do_v william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n come_v to_o visit_v the_o king_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o norman_n and_o soldier_n who_o king_n edward_n honourable_o receive_v and_o magnificent_o entertain_v for_o a_o season_n carry_v he_o about_o to_o all_o his_o royal_a castle_n and_o city_n and_o at_o last_o send_v back_o into_o normandy_n with_o many_o and_o great_a present_n bestow_v on_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n de_fw-fr successione_n autem_fw-la regni_fw-la spes_fw-la adhuc_fw-la aut_fw-la menâ—io_fw-la nulla_fw-la facta_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la fuit_fw-la write_v 898._o iâ—gulphus_n 4._o king_n edward_n in_o parliamento_fw-la pleno_fw-la have_v in_o plain_a or_o full_a parliament_n as_o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la knighton_n de_fw-la eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 10._o trevisa_n and_o other_o relate_v thus_o banish_v and_o outlaw_v godwin_n and_o his_o son_n in_o which_o in_o condition_n as_o some_o write_v they_o continue_v two_o full_a year_n thereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1052._o harold_n and_o leofric_n by_o way_n of_o revenge_v come_v out_o of_o ireland_n with_o such_o ship_n and_o force_n as_o they_o can_v there_o raise_v pillage_v the_o western_a part_n of_o englandâ—_n â—_z infest_v the_o shore_n with_o continual_a robbery_n carry_v away_o rich_a booty_n
of_o the_o noble_n and_o common_a soldier_n be_v so_o incense_v that_o detest_a the_o covetousness_n of_o their_o prince_n they_o unanimous_o depart_v from_o his_o service_n and_o refuse_v to_o march_n wiâ—h_v he_o against_o the_o norman_n this_o triumphant_a victory_n so_o puff_v up_o harold_n that_o he_o think_v himself_o secure_a in_o the_o throne_n beyond_o the_o fear_n or_o reach_v of_o any_o adversity_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o king_n become_v a_o tyrant_n whilst_o harold_n with_o all_o his_o land_n and_o sea_n force_n be_v thus_o buâ—ied_v in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n duke_n william_n in_o august_n assemble_v all_o his_o land_n army_n and_o navy_n consist_v of_o 900_o ship_n at_o the_o port_n of_o s._n valerie_n to_o invade_v england_n in_o the_o south_n then_o whole_o destitute_a of_o all_o guard_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n to_o resist_v his_o land_n and_o to_o satisfy_v his_o soldier_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o undertake_n haywood_n he_o allege_v these_o three_o cause_n thereof_o which_o henry_n the_o knyghton_n divide_v into_o four_o the_o first_o be_v to_o revenge_v the_o cruel_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n prince_n alfred_n king_n edmund_n brother_n and_o of_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v with_o he_o to_o assist_v he_o to_o recover_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o which_o he_o be_v right_a heir_n who_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n have_v shameful_o dishonour_v treacherous_o betray_v and_o barbarous_o murder_v which_o fact_n he_o ascribe_v principal_o to_o harold_n the_o second_o be_v because_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n by_o their_o cunning_n have_v injurious_o banish_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n earl_n odo_n and_o all_o the_o french_a and_o norman_n out_o of_o england_n which_o wrong_v he_o will_v revenge_v on_o harold_n as_o do_v principal_o by_o his_o mean_n and_o labour_n the_o three_o and_o chief_a ground_n be_v because_o harold_n fall_v headlong_o into_o perjury_n have_v without_o any_o right_n usurp_v the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o of_o due_n belong_v unto_o he_o both_o by_o right_n of_o kindred_n to_o and_o gift_n by_o king_n edward_n his_o nephew_n and_o by_o harold_n own_o solemn_a oath_n and_o promise_n make_v to_o he_o in_o normandy_n to_o preserve_v the_o kingdom_n for_o his_o use_n after_o king_n edward_n death_n without_o child_n according_a to_o king_n edward_n command_n while_o duke_n william_n with_o his_o ship_n and_o army_n lay_v many_o day_n together_o at_o s._n valerie_n expect_v a_o fair_a gale_n for_o england_n the_o wind_n be_v across_o 100_o many_o of_o the_o common_a soldier_n there_o lie_v in_o tent_n thus_o mutter_v one_o to_o another_o that_o the_o man_n be_v mad_a who_o will_v by_o force_n invade_v and_o make_v another_o man_n country_n and_o realm_n his_o own_o that_o god_n do_v fight_v against_o they_o in_o withdraw_v the_o wind_n that_o his_o father_n attempt_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o be_v hinder_v and_o inhibit_v therein_o that_o it_o be_v fatal_a to_o his_o family_n that_o aspire_v to_o thing_n above_o their_o power_n they_o shall_v find_v god_n opposite_a to_o they_o these_o speech_n bruit_v abroad_o which_o may_v enfeeble_v the_o strength_n and_o abate_v the_o courage_n even_o of_o valiant_a man_n the_o duke_n thereupon_o take_v counsel_n with_o his_o senator_n cause_v the_o corpse_n of_o st._n valerie_n to_o be_v bring_v forth_o to_o procure_v a_o wind_n other_o &_o present_o a_o prosperous_a gale_n fill_v their_o sail_n the_o duke_n himself_o first_o take_v ship_n and_o launch_v forth_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n after_o he_o then_o cast_v anchor_n till_o the_o fleet_n come_v round_o about_o he_o they_o all_o sail_v with_o a_o gentle_a course_n land_v at_o hastings_n and_o pevemsy_n the_o duke_n step_v forth_o of_o the_o ship_n upon_o the_o shore_n one_o of_o his_o foot_n slip_v so_o that_o he_o fall_v down_o into_o the_o mud_n one_o of_o his_o hand_n be_v fill_v with_o sand_n which_o he_o interpret_v as_o a_o ill_a omen_n and_o sinister_a event_n but_o one_o of_o his_o soldier_n who_o stand_v next_o he_o lift_v he_o up_o from_o his_o fall_n while_o he_o hold_v the_o mud_n in_o his_o hand_n change_v this_o event_n into_o a_o better_a interpretation_n say_v most_o happy_a duke_n thou_o already_o possesse_v england_n and_o plowe_v it_o up_o behold_v the_o land_n be_v in_o thy_o hand_n lift_v up_o thyself_o with_o good_a hope_n thou_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n ere_o long_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o army_n land_v other_o but_o the_o king_n strict_o charge_v they_o to_o forbear_v plunder_v and_o take_v no_o booty_n see_v they_o ought_v to_o spare_v the_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o nor_o to_o wrong_v any_o of_o their_o person_n who_o shall_v ere_o long_o become_v his_o subject_n 137_o richard_n vestegan_n record_v out_o of_o a_o french_a historian_n that_o duke_n william_n the_o same_o day_n he_o land_v in_o england_n cause_v divers_a of_o his_o chief_a officer_n and_o friend_n to_o dine_v with_o he_o 3_o and_o chance_v at_o dinner_n to_o talk_v of_o a_o astrologer_n who_o by_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v assure_v he_o at_o st._n valerie_n that_o harold_n shall_v never_o withstand_v he_o but_o submit_v himself_o unto_o he_o and_o yield_v he_o faith_n and_o homage_n will_v now_o that_o the_o say_a astrologer_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o he_o who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v embark_v for_o that_o voyage_n but_o it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o the_o ship_n wherein_o the_o say_a astrologer_n sail_v be_v cast_v away_o at_o sea_n anâ—_n he_o drown_v in_o it_o whereunto_o the_o duke_n reply_v that_o man_n be_v not_o wise_a who_o have_v more_o regard_n â—o_o the_o good_a or_o ill_a fortune_n of_o another_o than_o unto_o his_o own_o i_o be_o now_o thanks_o be_v to_o god_n come_v over_o i_o know_v not_o how_o the_o rest_n will_v succeed_v how_o false_a this_o stargazer_n prediction_n prove_v the_o sequel_n will_v manifest_v other_o duke_n william_n after_o his_o arrival_n rest_v quiet_o 15._o day_n without_o act_v any_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o mind_v nothing_o less_o than_o war_n after_o which_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o occasion_n or_o hope_n of_o return_n from_o his_o soldier_n he_o fire_v all_o his_o ship_n or_o as_o some_o write_v draw_v they_o all_o a_o shore_n and_o entrench_v they_o as_o other_o erect_v only_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o shore_n for_o a_o retire_a place_n for_o his_o soldier_n if_o need_n be_v from_o pevensy_n he_o march_v to_o hastings_n where_o he_o build_v another_o fort._n 1._o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n record_n that_o the_o first_o night_n he_o lodge_v in_o england_n in_o his_o pavilion_n there_o come_v a_o voice_n unto_o he_o say_v william_n william_n be_v thou_o a_o good_a man_n because_o thou_o shall_v obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n and_o when_o thou_o shall_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n cause_n a_o church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o my_o name_n so_o many_o hundred_o foot_n in_o length_n as_o in_o number_n of_o year_n the_o seed_n of_o thy_o blood_n shall_v possess_v the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o reign_v in_o england_n a_o 150._o year_n but_o 440._o matthew_n westminster_n write_v this_o voice_n be_v after_o the_o battle_n with_o harold_n not_o before_o it_o and_o the_o subsequent_a word_n in_o knyghton_n touch_v his_o march_n to_o london_n import_v as_o much_o hayward_n harold_n reside_v in_o the_o north_n after_o his_o great_a victory_n there_o when_o he_o deem_v all_o his_o enemy_n total_o break_v in_o piece_n receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o duke_n william_n be_v safe_o arrive_v at_o pevensey_n with_o his_o fleet_n and_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o valiant_a horseman_n slinger_n archer_n and_o footman_n who_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o all_o france_n whereupon_o he_o present_o march_v with_o his_o army_n in_o great_a haste_n towards_o london_n and_o although_o he_o well_o know_v that_o most_o of_o the_o valiant_a man_n in_o all_o england_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o two_o late_a battle_n against_o tosti_n and_o the_o dane_n that_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o common_a soldier_n have_v quite_o desert_v he_o refuse_v to_o march_v with_o he_o in_o that_o necssity_n because_o he_o permit_v they_o not_o to_o share_v with_o he_o in_o the_o great_a booty_n they_o have_v win_v with_o their_o blood_n and_o that_o half_a his_o army_n wâ—re_v not_o come_v togethers_o yet_o he_o resolve_v forthwith_o to_o march_v into_o sussex_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o with_o those_o small_a force_n tire_v he_o then_o have_v be_v most_o of_o they_o mercenary_n and_o stipendiaries_n except_o those_o english_a nobleman_n gentleman_n and_o freeman_n who_o
inflame_v with_o the_o love_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o native_a country_n voluntary_o engage_v themselves_o with_o he_o in_o the_o defence_n thereof_o against_o the_o common_a dangerous_a invade_v enemy_n raâ—her_o than_o to_o support_v his_o usurp_a diadem_n and_o royalty_n over_o they_o of_o which_o number_n there_o be_v very_o few_o 1._o immo_n vero_fw-la pauci_fw-la et_fw-la manu_fw-la promptissimi_fw-la fuere_fw-la qui_fw-la charitati_fw-la corporum_fw-la renunciante_n pro_fw-la patria_fw-la animas_fw-la posuerunt_fw-la nam_fw-la praeter_fw-la stipendiarios_fw-la et_fw-la mercinarios_fw-la milites_fw-la paucos_fw-la admodum_fw-la ex_fw-la comprovincialibus_fw-la habuit_fw-la praecipitabant_fw-la â—um_fw-la nimium_fw-la fata_fw-la ut_fw-la nec_fw-la auxilia_fw-la convocari_fw-la vellet_fw-la nec_fw-la si_fw-la vellet_fw-la multos_fw-la parituros_fw-la invenerat_fw-la ita_fw-la omnes_fw-la ei_fw-la erant_fw-la infensi_fw-la quod_fw-la solus_fw-la manubiis_fw-la borealibus_fw-la incubuerat_fw-la unde_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la quos_fw-la ductabat_fw-la astutia_fw-la gulielmi_n â—ircumventus_fw-la fusus_fw-la est_fw-la levi_fw-la videlicet_fw-la belli_fw-la negotio_fw-la sed_fw-la occulto_fw-la et_fw-la stupendo_fw-la dei_fw-la consilio_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la posteâ—_n angli_fw-la communi_fw-la praelio_fw-la in_o libertatem_fw-la spiraverint_fw-la quasi_fw-la cum_fw-la haraldo_n omne_fw-la robur_fw-la deciderit_fw-la angliae_fw-la quae_fw-la certe_fw-la potuit_fw-la et_fw-la debuit_fw-la etiam_fw-la per_fw-la inertissimos_fw-la solvere_fw-la paenas_fw-la perfidiae_fw-la yet_o 28._o thomas_n of_o walsingham_n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o harold_n have_v gather_v together_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o englishmâ—n_n against_o duke_n william_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o those_o who_o flee_v from_o it_o and_o can_v not_o come_v to_o fight_v manifest_a his_o army_n not_o to_o be_v so_o small_a as_o these_o author_n will_v make_v it_o 94â—_n only_o to_o augment_v the_o englishman_n valour_n and_o eclipse_v the_o norman_n as_o overcome_a they_o more_o by_o stratagem_n and_o multitude_n than_o true_a fortitude_n while_o harold_n be_v in_o his_o march_n towards_o william_n within_o 9_o mile_n of_o his_o fort_n in_o sussex_n he_o send_v out_o scout_n before_o he_o to_o discover_v the_o force_n and_o number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v intercept_v and_o bring_v to_o william_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v lead_v about_o his_o tent_n that_o they_o may_v well_o view_v his_o army_n and_o then_o be_v bountiful_o feast_v he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v send_v back_o to_o their_o master_n without_o any_o harm_n who_o return_v to_o harold_n commend_v the_o duke_n magnificence_n martial_a prowess_n and_o clemency_n serious_o affirm_v that_o all_o his_o soldier_n seem_v to_o be_v priest_n because_o their_o face_n and_o both_o their_o lip_n be_v shave_v which_o kind_n of_o shave_v none_o of_o the_o english_a then_o use_v but_o their_o priest_n only_o upon_o which_o harold_n smile_v at_o the_o scout_n simplicity_n reply_v they_o be_v not_o effeminate_a priest_n but_o soldier_n of_o great_a and_o valorous_a mind_n invincible_a in_o arm_n whereupon_o other_o girth_n harold_n young_a brother_n a_o man_n of_o great_a knowledge_n and_o valour_n beyond_o his_o year_n take_v the_o speech_n out_o of_o his_o mouth_n say_v see_v you_o commend_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o norman_n to_o be_v so_o great_a i_o hold_v it_o unadvised_a rashness_n for_o you_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o to_o who_o you_o may_v be_v repute_v inferior_a both_o in_o merit_n and_o valour_n neither_o be_v you_o able_a to_o gainsay_v bâ—t_o that_o you_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o william_n to_o reserve_v the_o crown_n to_o his_o use_n voluntary_o or_o unvoluntary_o wherefore_o you_o shall_v do_v more_o advise_o to_o withdraw_v yourself_o out_o of_o the_o field_n in_o this_o instant_a necessity_n ne_fw-la si_fw-la perjurus_fw-la decertans_fw-la vel_fw-la fugam_fw-la vel_fw-la mortem_fw-la incurras_fw-la lest_o fight_v perjure_v you_o incur_v either_o flight_n or_o death_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n perish_v for_o your_o sin_n of_o perjury_n see_v there_o be_v no_o fight_v against_o god_n therefore_o expect_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o battle_n without_o danger_n for_o we_o be_v altogether_o free_a from_o any_o oath_n justum_fw-la suscipimus_fw-la bellum_fw-la pro_fw-la patria_fw-la pugnaturi_fw-la and_o have_v undertake_v a_o just_a war_n to_o fight_v for_o our_o country_n nota._n if_o we_o fight_v alone_o without_o thou_o thy_o cause_n shall_v prosper_v better_o and_o thou_o shall_v be_v more_o safe_a whatever_o befall_v we_o for_o if_o we_o fly_v thou_o may_v be_v able_a to_o succour_v and_o restore_v we_o and_o if_o we_o be_v slay_v thou_o may_v revenge_v we_o but_o such_o be_v harold_n unbridled_a rashness_n that_o he_o will_v not_o give_v a_o please_a ear_n to_o this_o admonition_n esteem_v it_o inglorious_a and_o a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o his_o former_a life_n and_o valour_n to_o turn_v his_o back_n to_o any_o enemy_n or_o danger_n while_o these_o discourse_n pass_v between_o they_o in_o come_v a_o monk_n send_v by_o duke_n william_n claim_v the_o kingdom_n as_o he_o because_o king_n edward_n have_v grant_v it_o to_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o archbishop_n stigand_n and_o of_o the_o earl_n godwin_n and_o siward_n and_o have_v send_v the_o son_n and_o nephew_n of_o godwin_n hostage_n thereof_o into_o normandy_n but_o to_o avoid_v effusion_n of_o christian_a blood_n the_o monk_n bring_v he_o these_o three_o proffer_n either_o to_o depart_v with_o the_o realm_n to_o william_n accord_v to_o his_o oath_n and_o agreement_n or_o tâ—_n hold_v the_o kingdom_n from_o and_o reign_v under_o he_o or_o final_o to_o determine_v the_o controversy_n between_o they_o two_o by_o a_o single_a duâ—l_n in_o thâ—_n view_v of_o both_o their_o army_n but_o 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