he suspected abstained from being his Judges and that they would send Commissioners to Cambray to take Information and hear those proofs he would offer The Holy Father perceived then the Fault he had committed by his Precipitating a thing of that Importance and could well have desired to find out some remedy But the time was past his fatal hand had given the blow which made so desperate a Wound as wholly cut off England from the Communion of the Church of Rome For Henry transported with fury that he had posted him up at Rome withdrew himself absolutely from all obedience to the Pope declared himself Head of the Anglicane Church and persecuted severely all those that opposed this change It is observed that if the Pope had deferr'd the Judgement but ten Months death would have disengag'd him from all these Intricacies and cut this knot by taking Catherine out of this World as it did in January following Year of our Lord 1533. and 34. The Kings constancy for the Catholick Faith was then like to be sorely shaken by two strong Temptations the one was the King of Englands Summons Solliciting him to break with the Pope to preserve the strict Colligation that was between them the other the Induction of his dear Sister Margaret who would needs have perswaded him to call in Philip Melancthon and give him Audience concerning the means he had to propound for accommodating the differences in Religion But as to the first he replyed in Substance to the King of England A Friend even to the Alter And for the second the Cardinal de Tournon put by that dangerous blow and fortified the Kings mind so well that he would never after give the least Ear to any of those Reformers but in time did also wean his Sister from that Fondness she had and hankering after Novelties Each day Accumulated more and more cause of Quarrel and War between the King and the Emperor This last had great Jealousie of the Enter-view at Marseille and the Marriage there Solemnized He likewise thought himself highly affronted for that the King was entred into the League of the German Princes Confederated at Smalcalde and he was no less so for his assisting of the Dukes of Wirtemberg in the Diet of Ausburgh where their cause against his Brother Ferdinand was Judged who detained their Lands as also for that William Langey by his Contrivances and his Perswasive and Powerful Eloquence broke the League of Scwaben which had lasted for seventy years to the great advantage of the House of Austria King Francis on his part complained of a very Bloody and cruel injury He had in the number of his Esquires a Gentleman of Milan named Francis de Merveille who had gained much wealth in his Service And knowing that he would be willing to make some shew of it in his native Country he sent him to Milan in quality of Secret Ambassador Merveille was so vain as not to conceal his Employment the Emperor knew of it and made complaint to Sforza with Threats who promised to give him Satisfaction Now it happened either by chance or otherwise that some People of that Country made a Quarrel with Merveille and some body was killed in the Fray The Duke fails not to lay hold of this opportunity to content the Emperor and under colour of Justice but without any form causes his head to be cut off by night and in the Prison This hap'ned a little before the Kings journey to Marseille In pursuance of the Kings League with the Confederates of Smalcalde Philip Landtgrave of Hesse Espoused the Quarrel of the Dukes of Wirtemberg who that he might have Money to prosecute the same engaged Montbelliard to the King and declared War against Ferdinand over whose Army having gained a Notable Victory he re-Established them in their County and obliged Ferdinand to allow all Liberty to the Protestants the Sacramentaries and Anabaptists not Comprised Vpon which condition they acknowledged him King of the Romans The Landtgrave had promised Francis to go into Italy which however he did not and this King with the Design of renewing a War set up a Militia in all his Provinces which he distributed in seven Bodies of Six Thousand Men each they were named Legions This institution lasted not long it would have rendered the People too Powerful and the Government too weak The twenty fourth of September died Pope Clement Two days after the Cardinals being assembled in Conclave elected Alexander Farnese named Paul III. At this time John Cauvin or Calvin aged twenty four or five years began to expose his Doctrine more conformable to that of the Sacramentaries than to that of Luther and which went much farther for it did not only touch upon the inward belief but overthrew all the Exteriour and the Ceremonies He was a Native of Noyon Son of Gerard who was the Bishops Secretary A Man very studious of a sharp and penetrating Wit a Melancholly and Sickly Temper an angry and passionate humour no very smooth Tongue but an Eloquent and Fluent pen and who was oft reproached that he coverd a Violent ambition and extream obstinacy with the Vaile of great Modesty and Humility Year of our Lord 1534 He took the first Impression of those new Doctrines when he was Studying the Law at Bourges from a certain German named Melchior Volmar who taught the Greek Tongue and was entertained by Margaret Queen of Navarre Sister of King Francis A very generous Princess who having a great love for Learning had suffered her reason to be prevailed upon by these Broachers of Novelties It is held that he laid the first foundation of his Sect at Poitiers and there instituted the form of the Lords Supper or Mandâ—cation that from thence he sent three of his Companions into divers Parts to sow his Dogmatisms and that himself retired to Nerac to Gerard de Roussel and James le Feure of Estaples who were there sheltred under the protection of Queen Margaret and had already establisht secretly in that little Court a form of a Church almost the same as he intended to bring forth into the World He stayed but a few Months at Nerac and passed into Italy to see Renee de France Dutchess of Ferrara who was imbued with the same opinions as Margaret Then when Geneva had expell'd her Bishop and the Catholick Religion he there established the Seat of his residence And from thence he sent his Disciples to Preach his Doctrine over all France and the Low-Countries exposing them to all sorts of dangers and deaths which he kept himself far enough off from the fire of Persecution and hazarded nothing but his Paper and Ink. This same year 1534. and the following was acted that Bloody and Horrible Tragedy of the Anabaptists in the City of Munster Those Phanaticks thinking to Establish their Whimseys by subverting the Lawful Power had chosen for their King a Taylor named John of Leyden Their Bishop besieged them and reduced them to
Transactions between them from the time of Lewis XII he accused him of having ever broke the Peace failed in his word disturbed Italy and Germany and unjustly dispossest the Duke of Savoy He concluded by saying That of three things the King must chuse one Either to take the Dutchy of Milan for his third Son upon certain conditions whereof one was that he should restore the Duke of Savoy to his Lands or to accept of a Single combat between them Personally with what ever Weapons he pleased upon some Bridge in an Island or a Boat upon condition that the Victor should employ his Forces according to the appointment of his Holiness to reduce the Heretiques and oppose the Infidels Or to resolve upon a War that should be so Bloody as to ruin one of the two The King slighted these proud boasts but replied to the Accusations by an Apologetique Letter which he addressed to the Pope and Cardinals and which in very modest terms but very Pithy and Energetical cleerly satisfied every point the Emperor had touched upon and retorted all the blame upon himself In the interim divers overtures were made between the Pope the Emperor and the Ambassadors to prevent these two Princes from coming to an absolute rupture The Admiral de Brion had conquer'd all Piedmont to the Douere and found himself in a posture and condition to have conquer'd all the rest for they were terrified and Antonio de Leva who had taken the field and joyned the Duke at Vercel had not as yet got all his Forces ready Notwithstanding the King upon what Vely wrote to him that the Emperor this was before his Harangue had given him notice by Gravelle he would give up Milan to his second Son sent the Cardinal of Lorraine into Italy to conclude that business which he presumed was in much forwardness The Cardinal left order in the name of the King that Brion should not pass the Douere and also promised Antonio de Leva that he should not pass the Sesia and though he was informed by Veley whom he met at Sienna whither he followed the Emperor of what had fallen out since at Rome he forbore not being a confident man and one that thought nothing difficult to speak again of it to the Emperor and to put him in mind of his former promise The Emperor owned that he had given his word for it but that the King having continued to prosecute his War against the Duke of Savoy he was no longer obliged to perform it After this reply the Cardinal sent the King word he ought to provide well for his own defence Nevertheless the Pope who ardently desired to reconcile the two Kings would not give over but represented to each of them the Strength of the other much greater then indeed they were thereby to incline them to a Peace Wherefore the King not willing to begin the Rupture commanded Brion to undertake nothing but withdraw his Forces into Daufiné after he had well provided and Garrisoned the Places unless Antonio de Leva did pass over the Sesia On the contrary the Emperor not only prepared himself for War but likewise endeavoured to stir up all the World against Francis He dispatched an Year of our Lord 1536 Envoy into England to desire the Amity of King Henry and protest that all his resentment was buried in Queen Catherines Grave who died this year in the Month of January And although Henry had answered but very coldly he notwithstanding promised himself and grounded his hopes upon the inconstancy of his humour that if he once saw France invaded he would not forbear attempting somewhat upon the score of his ancient pretensions He had likewise made use of all sorts of Calumnies and false reports concerning the Germans to render the King very Odious He made them believe they were mortally hated in France that they were persecuted that they burnt them alive and that the King not only endeavoured to kindle Discords amongst them that so whilst they were grappling and pulling one another by the Ears Solyman his faithful allie might Invade the Empire of Germany But that he likewise maintained Rascals hired on purpose to set Fire on their Borroughs and Towns In effect this year there were a sort of People not known by whom nor for what they were set on who burnt several as well in France as Germany and especially the City of Troyes William du Bellay-Langey a man of Quality and a good Souldier but whose Eloquence did much greater service then his Valour composed an excellent Treatise in Latin and High-Dutch which was scattered over all those Countries and as well by that means as by the testimony of Dutch Merchants who affirmed they had been kindly used in France he disabused them but not without much ado After the Emperor at the head of two great Armies had made Solyman first retire and then forced Barbarossa to fly he breathed nothing but War His Flatterers who corrupt the minds of the wisest Princes by their excessive praise promised him no less then the Empire of all Europe the Poets and Panegyrists assured him of it and the Diviners and Astrologers no less confident or impudent in their Lying Prognosticks had so boldly foretold it should certainly come to pass that it had made Impression in feeble minds and Credulous Spirits Amongst whom the Marquess de Salusses was one who thinking to prevent destiny that the Emperor might seem to be obliged to him for doing that Voluntarily which he fancied necessity must at last bring him to went over secretly into his service But being as Treacherous as Shallow-brain'd he remained yet a while amongst the French to ruin their Affairs Some have said that the hopes they gave him that the Emperor would adjudge the Marquissat of Montferrat to be his which was Litispendente between him the Duke of Savoy and the Duke of Mantoua tempted him to that Infamous baseness The Duke of Savoy expected that the Emperor would employ his Forces to restore him and he already began to think his Affairs seemed to mend For John de Medequin Marquess de Merignan and Antonio de Leva besieged Turin and the King had sent to his Generals to abandon all their Conquests in those Countries excepting Turin Fossan and Cony It was ordered in a Council of War that Fossan should be Fortified The Marquess de Salusses who had the charge of it far from hastning the work retarded it all he could He diverted the Pioneers Provisions Powder and Ball Then when he perceived his Treason began to be discover'd he retired to his Castle of Ravel fathering his retreat upon the disobedience of the French Officers From thence he gave Intelligence of the poor condition of the place to Antonio de Leva who leaving Ten Thousand Foot and some Horse before Turin under the Command of James de Scaleng came and laid Siege to it and yet the purchase came not so cheap as he imagin'd for after he had
March The following Month of February Matignon besieged the Castle de Castels upon the Garonne at the request of the Parliament of Bourdeaux and sent word to the Duke of Mayenne it was high time to advance towards those parts The Duke after he had taken some small Castles which are not so much as mentioned in the Maps passed the Dordogne at Souillac with a design of besieging Montauban but when he understood it was too well sortified he fell upon certain pitiful beggerly places without name and without defence In the mean while the King of Navarre made them raise the Siege of Castels and the Prince being return'd from England with ten good Ships and fifty thousand Crowns lent him by Queen Elizabeth disengaged Rochel which was in a manner block'd up and surprised Royan which yielded him two hundred thousand Crowns contribution yearly Year of our Lord 1586. March The Sixth of March though amidst the greatest hurry of his Affairs he Married Charlota Daughter of Lewis de la Trimouille and by that means brought into his Party the Duke Claude his Wives Brother and all the Friends of that potent House The Duke of Mayenne lost near two Months time in waiting to surprise the King of Navarre when he should come on this side the Garonne or go to visit the Contess of Guiche with whom he was desperatly in Love and to that purpose had distributed his Horse in several Posts all along his way During this the Prince undertook to ruine the Harbour of Brouage and in effect he sunk so many Hulls of old Ships that he choak'd it and made it as it is yet to this day very difficult and dangerous to enter Matignon does a second time lay Siege before Castels When he was just upon the point of taking it the Duke of Mayenne runs thither to rob him of that honour which increased their enmity and feud The Mareschal pretended Sickness that he might not see the Duke who in the mean time making his approaches to Montsegur which hindred all commerce and passage into Limosin Perigord and Quercy fell realy sick and was carried to Bourdeaux leaving to him the command of his Army During his absence Montsegur surrendred the Fifteenth of May upon composition which was month May. but ill observed month June All along the Month of June the Army lay idle because Matignon jealous the Duke should be in Bourdeaux returned immediately and dismissed the Companies d'Ordonnance When the Duke was well again they joyntly besieged Castillon the Siege was long toilsom and difficult the Soldiers being dissatisfied abandonned the Trenches the Generals were fain to lie themselves there twenty days successively In the end the place was taken they made good their capitulation with the Soldiery but a certain number of the Inhabitants were sent away to the Parliament of Bourdeaux who condemned them to the Gallows The same year the Vicount de Turenne regained it one fair night forcing his way with a Petard which gave the Huguenots occasion to brag that they with two pounds of Powder and in one quarter of an hour did what the League could not but in two Months time and with twenty pieces of Cannon This was all the greatest Captain of the League could perform in nine Months Perhaps it was no fault of his He had no Money for the Clergy within three Months time were grown quite weary of furnishing them and the Pope contributed nothing but his Benedictions He wanted Equipage Artillery and Provisions Ammunition Year of our Lord 1586 and had against him all things that usually ruine the great designs and reputation of Princes for his Troops did often mutiny his Captains quarrel'd with each other his Colleague was jealous and suspicious and the secret or Cabinet Council from whence if we may so speak all those Animal Spirits ought to slow which keep life in an Army mortally envenomed against him He knew this but too well and therefore even trembling with rage he demanded to be dismiss'd and press'd it so home that he obtain'd it The Duke of Guise did in vain urge him by all imaginable Arguments to prevent it he could have wished he would have remained in those Countries either for the reputation of his Party or for fear he should gain the affections of the People of Paris and deprive him of the voluntary Empire he had acquired over that spacious City Whilst he was in Guyenne the Duke of Guise made use of the Army he had on the Frontiers of Champagne to seize the Cities of Raucour and Douzy upon the Duke of Bouillon On the other side the Duke d'Aumale having armed the Picards passionate Leaguers seized on the City of Dourlens and of Pontdormy which is a passage upon the Soan below Pequigny The Favourites jealous to see the whole power of the Sword in the hands of the Guises their Enemies desired the King he would likewise give them such Command which he granted the more willingly as intending to raise them and turn the affections of the Soldiery that way who do more chearfully follow plentiful Tables and favour ☞ the Mother of Rewards then the bravest Captains He had raised an Army that was to purge Auvergne Vezelay Givaudan and from these Countries pass into Daufine this Employment was designed for the Mareschal d'Aumont Joyeuse courted it so eagerly that the King could not deny it him month June He must also give the like to the Duke d'Espernon and withall a Government as well as to Joyeuse who had already that of Normandy The Government of Provence becoming vacant by the death of the Grand Prior he instantly provided him with it This Grand Prior had harbour'd a mortal resentment against a Gentleman named Altovity One day spying him at a Window of an Inn it was at Aix he goes directly up into his Chamber and runs his Sword quite thorough his Body Altovity feeling himself mortally wounded lost all Respect with his Life and plunged his Sword into the Priors Belly Year of our Lord 1586 So many Forces could not be maintained without a prodigious Expence there was Money enough raised to defray it but the Kings luxury and the greediness of the Favourites were such gulfs as swallowed up all Paris had furnished two hundred thousand Crowns for this War this lasted but eight days the alienation of fifty thousand Crowns Revenue belonging to the Clergy very little longer no more then forty thousand Crowns Rent of the Demeasn They would have raised more upon a creation of new Offices and they sent twenty seven Edicts at once to the Parliament which were the Lees and Refuse of such as had been invented by the Italian Brokers for twenty years past But these were all rejected and this attempt served only to discover the weakness and the injustice of the Government The Swiss and the King of Denmark in the first place then the other Protestant Princes of Germany sent to the King a solemn Embassy to desire him to grant
Italian Princes because he had oppressed the City of Florence which was the place of his Nativity could not be induced to grant it but replyed in general terms he must Communicate the thing first to the other Princes of Christendom As to the second he gave his consent and made a League for some Year of our Lord 1533 Months For the third he excused himself because he had hopes of Marrying his Niece with the Kings second Son a party much more Advantageous then Sforza could be The Cardinal de Tournon and de Gramont were then upon the Negociation with him about this Alliance The Emperor could not believe the King would so much Debase and Vilifie the Noblest Bloud in the World He was much amazed when the two Cardinals shewed him the Powers they had for it Then went he away very ill satisfied with his Holiness though to appease him he promised to give him content in what he demanded against the King of England and Embarquing at Genoa about the end of February he passed into Spain Henry made most Vehement instances to Francis that he would Impetrate of the Pope he might have Judges appointed on the Place The two Cardinals whom we have mentioned being arrived at Bologna the fourth of January in the year 1533 obtained of his Holiness that he would defer the Judgement of that business till the King and he should had seen one another at the place appointed for that Meeting They had agreed upon the City of Nice but the Duke of Savoy making too many Difficulties the Pope consented not without much Repugnance that it should be at Marseilles and that they should come there in the Month of October The Amorous Impatience of Henry could not attend till then he caused his Marriage with Catherine to be Dissolved by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and Espoused Anne Bullen in the presence of four or five Witnesses only He was Emboldned thereto by the three Thomases who governed him these were Cranmer Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Cromwel Lord Chamberlain and Privy-Seal and Audley Lord High Chancellour The thing being done he gave notice of it to King Francis intreating his assistance for what he demanded of the Pope and to keep the business Secret It could not be kept so Private but that in one Months time both the Pope and the Emperor were made acquainted with it Both of them were Netled and Incensed to the greatest Extremity in-so-much as the Pope Pronounced the Sentence of Excommunication against Henry and nevertheless he refrained from Publishing it upon the Kings request who on the one hand being obliged to Henry and on the other desiring to be firmly united to the Pope sought out some way for an Accommodation However he promised nothing to King Henry saving that he would do him all the good Offices he could without prejudice either to his Religion or his Conscience And indeed the Pope desired that he would not press him in that concern beyond his Duty and the rules of Justice Year of our Lord 1533 In the mean time Anne Bullen was deliver'd of a Daughter who was named Elizabeth This was in the Month of September of this year 1533. The tenth of October the Pope arrived at Marseilles in the Kings Galleys who took him in at the Port of Pisa Some days before John Stuard Duke of Albany had brought thither Catherine de Medicis whose Maternal Aunt he had Married John de Bellay Bishop of Paris and afterwards Cardinal Harangued his Holiness in most Elegant Latin The next day after he had made his Entrance into the City the King made his with his Queen The Nuptials between Henry and Catherine were Celebrated the seven and twentieth of the Month with as great Joy as Magnificence The Pope and the King spent several days together being Lodged in two Houses just opposit the Street betwixt them but joyned by a Timber Gallery so that they went to each other unseen and could treat of their Affairs with the greatest Privacy Upon this occasion the King did not forget his usual Magnificence but rather Surpassed it very much He Loaded with exquisite Presents and great Pensions all those Cardinals that were with his Holiness But he made the Beauty of his mind and Eloquence out-shine the luster of his Gifts and that whole Court was satisfied that if there were a richer Prince in the World yet there could not be any one that made a more generous use of his Riches nor that accompanied his favours with so much wit and so much kindness as he The two and twentieth of November the Pope and he parted very well pleased with all their Negociations excepting that the King had extorted from the Pope four Cardinals Hats for four Relations of his Favorites these were John le Veneur Bishop of Lisieux Grand Almoner of France Claude de Giury Paternal Uncle to the Wife of de Brion Odet de Coligny but thirteen years of Age Son of Montmorency's Sister and Philip de la Chambre Brother by the Mother to John Duke of Albany This last took the name of Cardinal of Boulogne he being descended from that House by his Mother As to the rest there was no new League made between the Pope and the King contrary to the expectation of the whole World The Pope promised only to do all he could in favour of Prince Henry his second Son to obtain the Dutchy of Milan of the Emperor for him And as to the business of the King of England the King could not prevail with the Pope to revoke the Excommunication but only that he would not Publish it till he had first tryed by all manner of perswasions to bring that Prince again to reason To this intent he forthwith dispatched John du Bellay Bishop of Paris into England to exhort him not to depart from the Communion of the Roman Church This wise and able Prelate having obliged King Henry to promise him that point provided the Pope on his part would forbear publishing the Excommunication went Post to Rome to carry this good News and demand time to reclaim and fix that inconstant and stubborn Spirit The Imperialists could not prevent him from procuring it but they caused it to be limited to a much shorter space then was requisite Du Bellay therefore sent back a Courier into England with order to return by such a certain time Now the day being come but not the Courier the Imperialists pressed the business so hotly that although he represented that the Frosts and Snows and other Inconveniencies of the Season and Way might hinder and retard him and desired another respite only for six days Yet the Pope refused it and doing in one Meeting what he ought not to have done but in three he Pronounced the Sentence and caused it to be affixed in the usual places Two days after the Courier arrived bringing very ample Powers by which King Henry Submitted himself to the Judgement of the Holy See provided certain Cardinals whom
upon the Kingdom of Burgundy and upon the Loire to his own confusion his death 217 Eudes or Otho Duke of Aquitain and Gascongne 221 Rebellion of his Subjects his death Eudes Earl of Corbeil 234 Eudes Duke of Burgundy 347 Eudon Earl of Pontieure seizes the Dutchy of Bretagne to the prejudice of Hoel 245 Eugenius II. elected Pope 124 Comes into France 127 Exarchat of Ravenna and its dependances 92 King Pepin makes a donation of it to the Apostle St. Peter and St. Paul not to the Emperor Constantine ib. Excommunications rendred despisable 270 Their force 290 Exemptions and Immunitles granted to Monasteries 271 Exemptions of Bishops were granted by the Diocesan but with the Consent of his Brethren ib. Exemptions of Monasteries by whom granted and the reasons 268 Expeditions beyond Seas 244 F. Faction strange 150 c. Famine great 〈◊〉 France 59 Famine horrible and cruel 213 Faramond or Pharamond first King of France 6 His death 7 Fastrade Queen of France her Marriage her death 105 c. Favourites of Princes cause of great troubles and uproars 333 Federic II. King of Sicilia is elected Emperor and repasses into Germany 265 Renews the Alliance between France and Germany 266 Federic II. cause of a Schism 272 Federic I. of the name called the Barbarossa Emperor 246 Federic I. Emperor his ambition put a stop by Pope Adrian uphold Victor against Alexander III. Pope 289 Upholds Calistus III. ib. Is unfortunate ib. Asks pardon of his Holines at Venice ib. Goes to the Holy Land 303 Shares his Empire amongst his Children his death 306 Federic Grandson of the Emperor of that name Duke of Austrasia 306 Federic Duke of Austria joyns with Couradin in the War of Sicily his unhappy end 311 Federic of Arragon takes the name of King of Sicily 325 Ferdinand of Castille called la Cerde his death 317 Ferrand of Portugal Earl of Flanders 266 Feast of Fools 293 Feasts or Festivals and of their Celebration 52 53 Feasts of Christmas and Easter Celebrated by the Kings of France with great solemnity 93 Fiefs and their Original 35 St. Filibert imprisoned 68 Financiers prosecuted 344 Financiers and Maloistiers call'd in question and punished 350 Flagellants 309 Flanders made a County 104 Given to William Duke of Normandy Son of Robert 238 Subject of a great feud ib. Divided 330 Revolts and is lost as to France ib. In trouble 351 Flochat Quarrel betwixt him and the Duke of Transjurains 59 Florence Republick in Troubles by reason of the Factions which torment it 330 Flota Peter a Man violent and covetous 329 Formosa Pope cause of a horrible scandal to the Roman Church 161 Forces Difference there was otherwhile betwixt those belonging to the King and those of the Kingdoâ—â— 238 Fulk Archbishop of Reims is assassinated and the Murtherer eaten up of Lice 162 Fulk le Roux or the Red Earl of Anjou his death 164 Fulk le Bon or the Good Earl of Anjou 164 His death 180 Fulk Earl of Anjou a Capital Enemy of the Bretons his death 184 Fulk le Rechin takes Beltrade for his third Wife 223 Fulk King of Jerusalem his death 243 Fulk Archbishop of Reims menaces his King to withdraw his Subjects 266 France and its first establishment in Gall. 20 Divided into Oosterich or Eastern part and Westrich or Western part 20 France the Western part without a Chief 155 Dismember'd in divers parts ib. France united preserves it self against the Authority of the Popes 287 Franciscans and Dominicans of their jealousies against each others and their Enterprises on the Functions of Ordinary Pastors 303 Their Quarrel with St. Amour Vide Quarrel Franciscans Religious their Institution and Establishment 339 French and their Original 2 Their incursions into Gall. ib. The French Nation divided into diverse People 3 Occupy a part of Germania Secunda 6 Their first Kings and of their inauguration ib. Chaced byond the Rhine by the Romans 7 French their Conversion to the Christian Religion 15 They snare the Lands of Gall amongst them to the Loire 17 Their Manners and Customs ib. Cross themselves and make an Expedition for the recovery of the Holy Land Their Conquests 260 c. Fredegonda causes Sigebert to be assassinated and her Husband Chilperic 32 c. She likewise causes Pretextat Archbishop of Rouen to be assassinated 38 Her death 41 Friers Minors or Cordeliers their institution 264 Friers Preachers or Jacobins their institution ib. Friers Preachers and Frier Minors and of their Enterprizes upon the Rights of the Ordinaries 339 Frisons and Neustrians attaque the Austrasians 79 G. Gaifre Duke of Aquitain his obstinacy not to acknowledge King Pepin chastized 93 c. His death 94 Ganelon and his fable 140 Gascogne divided into Dutchy and County its extent 121 Gascogne and Aquitania Secunda ransack'd and desolated by the Normands 142 Gascogne The House of Gascogne resolved into that of Poitiers or Aquitaine 209 Gascons make irruptions upon the French 35 Make themselves Masters of a part of the Novempopulania or Aquitania Tertia 42 Subdued by the French 56 Punish'd for their insolence 121 Reduced under a Duke of their own Nation 143 Brought to reason 209 Gaveston Favourite of the King of England 334 Gaul its situation 1 Conquer'd by Caesar ib. Divided by the Romans into divers Provinces and Governments ib. Its Towns and Cities 1 2 Of their Revolts 2 Part of it conquer'd by the Visigoths another part by the Burgundians and the remainder by the French 3 4 c. Gautier de Bevierre crosses himself for the Holy Land 260 Gauzzelin Abbot of St. Germain des Prez 145 Gedoin Abbot of St. Victor 276 Geffroy Plantagenest Earl of Anjou Marries the King of Englands Daughter 239 Quarrels with his Father in Law 240 Dispossessed in part of his Dutchy of Normandy ib. Geffroy Martel Earl of Anjou 216 Besieges and takes the City of Tours An Act of Piety ib. Geoffrey Martel quits the World and shuts himself up in a Monastery 217 Geoffrey the Bearded 217 Geoffrey Martel ib. Gefrey Brother of Henry King of England is made Earl of Nantes His death 247 Geffrey of Bretagne takes up Arms against the King of England his Father 250 Geffroy Duke of Normandy and Bretagne 249 His death 254 Gelasius is elected Pope 236 Is driven from Rome by the Emperor Henry V. and comes into France ib. Gelasius II. acknowledges the power of Councils 289 General of an Army The divisions betwixt Generals of Armies of a pernicious Consequence 40 Generosity admirable 165 Genseric King of the Vandals sacks the City of Rome 11 Gerfroy Grise-gonnelle Earl of Anjou his death 188 Gerfroy Duke or Earl of Bretagne his death 211 St. Gerard. 205 Gerard Bishop of Angoulesme acknowledges Anaclet for Pope 274 Subject of that acknowledgment ib. His death 275 Gerberge Queen of France endeavours to release her Husband of his Imprisonment 179 Governs the State under the King of Lotaire her Son 184 Gerbert elected Archbishop of Rheims very skilful in