speedily to succour and defend the faithfull For we know for certayne that about the Octaues of Easter the Tartarian Nation will inuade cruelly and forcibly the Lands of the Bohemians and if not preuented will there perpetrate vnheard-of slaughter And because our next neighbours house is now on fire and the next Countrey â—ieth open to waste and some are alreadie wasted we earnestly and pitifully entreat the ayde and counsell of God and of our neighbour-brethren for the vniuersall Church And because delay is full of danger with all our hearts we beseech you that you make all possible speed to arme as well for your as our deliuerance making strong preparations of store of Souldiers diligently exciting the noble mightie and couragious with the people subiect to them that yee may haue them in readinesse when we shall next direct our Messengers to you And we by the ministerie of our Prelates Preachers and Minors cause the Crosse because the businesse belongs to him which was crucified to be generally preached fastâ— and prayers to be appointed and our Lands in common to be called to the warre of Iesus Christ. Hereto wee adde that a great part of that detestable Nation with an other Armie adioyned to them wasteth Hungaria with vnheard-of tyrannie insomuch that the King is said to haue retayned but a small part to himselfe And to speake much in few words the Church and People of the North is so oppressed and brought to such Straits as it neuer was so scourged since the World began Dated the yeere of grace 1241. on the day on which is sung Laetare Ierusalem And this was the Letters sent to the Bishop of Paris by the Duke of Brabant The like was written by the Arch-bishop of Cullen to the King of England Therefore for this grieuous tribulation and for the discord betwixt the Pope and the Emperour so hurtfull to the Church there are appointed fasts and prayers with larger Almes in diuers Regions that our Lord being pacified with his people who as a magnificent triumpher is as strong in a few as in many may destroy the pride of the Tartars The French Kings mother Queene Blanch with deepe sighs and plentifull teares spake hereof to her sonne What shall we doe my dearest sonne about this lamentable euent the terrible rumour whereof is comne to our Confines generall destruction of vs all and of holy Church hangs ouer our times by the impetuous inuasion of the Tartars The King with mournfull voice not without the Spirit of God answered The heauenly comfort Mother exalt vs and if they come on vs either we shall send againe those Tartarians to their Tartarean places whence they came or they shall exalt vs to Heauen THe Emperour certified hereof wrote to the Princes and especially to the King of England in this forme Frederike Emperour c. to the King of England greeting Wee cannot conceale though it somwhat lately came to our eares but giue you notice of a thing which concerneth the Roman Empire as prepared to the preaching of the Gospell all zealous Christian Kingdomâ— in the World threatning generall destruction to all Christendom A barbarous Nation hath lately come from the Southerne Region which had long layne hid vnder the torrid Zone and after towards the North by force possessing Regions long remayning is multiplied as the Canker worme called Tartars wee know not of what place or originall not without the fore-seene iudgement of God is reserued to these last times to the correction and chastisement of his people God grant not losse of all Christendom A publike destruction hath therefore followed the common desolation of Kingdomes and spoile of the fertile Land which that wicked people hath passed thorow not sparing sexe age or dignitie hoping to extinguish the rest of mankind whiles it alone goeth about to domineere and reigne euery where by their immense and incomparable power and number Now all things which they haue beene able to set eye on being put to death and spoyle leauing vniuersall desolation behind them these Tartarians yea Tartareans when they had come to the well peopled Colonie of the Cumani prodigall of their liues hauing Bowes their most familiar Armes with Darts and Arrowes which they continually vse and are stronger in the armes then other men they vtterly ouerthrew them and with bloudy sword killed all which escaped not by flight Whose neighbourhood scarcely warned the Rutheni not farre distant to take heed to themselues For they suddenly flie thither to prey and spoile as the wrath of God and lightning hurles it selfe and by their sudden assault and barbarous inuasion take Cleua the chiefe Citie of the Kingdome and all that noble Kingdome was wasted to desolation the Inhabitants being slayne Which yet the neighbouring Kingdome of the Hungarians who should haue taken warning neglected whose sluggish King too secure being required by the Tartars messengers and letters that if he desired that he and his should liue he should hasten their fauour by yeelding himselfe and his Kingdom yet was not hereby terrified and taught to fortify against their irruptions but they ignorant or insolent contemners of their enemies secure in their enemies approach trusting in the natiue fortification of the place vnexpectedly compassed and oppressed at vnawares by them entring like a whirlewind opposed their Tents against them And when the Tartars Tents were fiue miles from the Hungarian the Tartarian fore-runners in the dawning of the morning rushed suddenly and compassed the Hungarians and first slaying the Prelates and chiefe men killed an infinite number with such vnheard-of slaughter as scarcely is recorded euer to haue hapned in one battell The King hardly escaped by flight on a swift Horse which fled with a small companie to the brotherly portion of the Hyllirian Kingdome there to be protected the Enemie possessing the Tents and spoyles And now wasting the nobler and greater part of Hungarie beyond Danubius consuming all with fire and sword they threaten to confâ—und the rest as by the venerable Bishop Vâ—tienâ—is the Anbassadour of the said Hungarian King notâ—ce is giuen to our Court first as he passed being destined to the Roman Court Wee are also hereof fully certified by the Letters of our deare sonne Conrade elect King of Romans alway Augustus and heire of the Kingdome of Ierusalem and of the King of Bohemia the Dukes of Austria and Bauaria by the Messengers words also instructed experimentally of the Enemies neerenesse Nor could wee learne these things without great griefe Truly as the report goeth their vndetermined damnable Armie by our Lords sufferance hath proceeded diuided purposely in three parts For one being sent by the Pructeni and entring Poland the Prince and Duke of that Land were slayne by them and after that all the Region spoyled The second hath entred the bounds of Bohemia and being entred hath made stay the King manly opposing himselfe The third hath runne thorow Hungaria bounded by Austria
demeanour like to bruâ—t beasts whom the King kept a long time after Two yeeres after I saw two of them at Westminster apparelled like English c. Master Robert Thorne writes that his Father and Master Hugh Eliot a Merchant of Bristoll were the first discouerers of New-found Land and if the Mariners would haue beene ruled and followed their Pilots minde the West Indies had beene ours so that it seemeth this Discouerie was before that of Columbus Master Hakluyt hath published the particulars of these things more fully as also diuers Treatises touching the North-west of Sir Humphrey Gilbert and others to which I referre the Reader and no lesse for the Voyages made by diuers English into those parts three by Sir Martin Frobisher in the yeeres 1576 77 and 78. Two of Captaine Iohn Dauies in 86 and 87. that of Master Hore An. 1536. that of Sir Humphrey Gilbert 1583. that of Master Charles Leigh to Ramea An. 1597. and before in 1593. that of George Drake with those of Iaques Cartier and diuers others My purpose is not to steale Master Hakluyts labours out of the World by culling and fleecing them for our purpose but by this Index to instruct men where they may haue festiuall store in this kinde I had rather giue you new things Such are to the World these that you had before in Hudsons voyages set together as also those of Greenland and such are those of Waymouth Knight Hall Baffin c. And first as Foreman of our Quest we will giue you Sir Humphrey Gilberts Letter written with his owne hand from New-found Land whereof he tooke formall possession to the Crowne of England and was as a Martyr of those Discoueries It was written to Sir George Peckham a great Aduenturer in that voyage and a greater in one of longer life his written Treatise of Westerne planting extant in Master Hakluyts third Tome and I haue here inserted it being hitherto vnprinted as a memorial of both their worths and after it though in time before wee will recreate you with a plaine Mariners Letter endorsed in homely phrase To the Honorable Kings Grace of England here as I thinke giuen you from the Originall I haue also another written to Cardinall Wolsey touching the same voyage in Latin by Albertus de Prato for the antiquitie rather then any remarkable raritie worthy here to be mentioned SIr George I departed from Plymouth on the eleuenth of Iune with fiue sailes and on the thirteenth the Barke Rawley ran from me in faire and cleere weather hauing a large winde I pray you solicite my brother Rawley to make them an example of all Knaues On the third of August wee arriued at a Port called Saint Iohns and will put to the Seas from thence God willing so soone as our ships will be ready Of the New-found Land I will say nothing vntill my next Letters Be of good cheare for if there were no better expectation it were a very rich demaynes the Country being very good and full of all sorts of victuall as fish both of the fresh water and Sea-fish Deere Pheasants Partridges Swannes and diuers Fowles else I am in haste you shall by euery Messenger heare more at large On the fifth of August I entred here in the right of the Crowne of England and haue engrauen the Armes of England diuers Spaniards Portugals and other strangers witnessing the same I can stay no longer fare you well with my good Lady and be of good cheare for I haue comforted my selfe answerable to all my hopes From Saint Iohns in the New-found Land the 8. of August 1583. Yours wholly to command no man more HVM GILBART I mentioned before Master Thornes fathers finding New-found Land with Master Eliot These animated King Henrie the eight to set forth two ships for discouerie one of which perished in the North parts of New-found Land The Master of the other Iohn Rut writ this Letter to King Henrie in bad English and worse Writing Ouer it was this superscription Master Grubes two ships departed from Plymouth the 10. day of Iune and arriued in the New-found Land in a good Harbour called Cape de Bas the 21. day of Iuly and after we had left the sight of Selle we had neuer sight of any Land till we had sight of Cape de Bas. PLeasing your Honorable Grace to heare of your seruant Iohn Rut with all his Company here in good health thanks be to God and your Graces ship The Mary of Gilford with all her thanks be to God And if it please your honorable Grace we ranne in our course to the Northward till we came into 53. degrees and there we found many great Ilands of Ice and deepe water we found no sounding and then we durst not goe no further to the Northward for feare of more Ice and then we cast about to the Southward and within foure dayes after we had one hundred and sixtie fathom and then wee came into 52. degrees and fell with the mayne Land and within ten leagues of the mayne Land we met with a great Iland of Ice and came hard by her for it was standing in deepe water and so went in with Cape de Bas a good Harbor and many small Ilands and a great fresh Riuer going vp farre into the mayne Land and the mayne Land all wildernesse and mountaines and woods and no naturall ground but all mâ—sse and no inhabitation nor no people in these parts and in the woods wee found footing of diuers great beasts but we saw none not in ten leagues And please your Grace the Samson and wee kept company all the way till within two dayes before wee met with all the Ilands of Ice that was the first day of Iuly at night and there rose a great and a maruailous great storme and much foule weather I trust in Almightie Iesu to heare good newes of her And please your Grace we were considering and a writing of all our order how we would wash vs and what course wee would draw and when God doe send foule weather that with the Cape de Sper shee should goe and he that came first should tarry the space of sixe weeks one for another and watered at Cape de Bas ten dayes ordering of your Graces ship and fishing and so departed toward the Southward to seeke our fellow the third day of August we entered into a good Hauen called Saint Iohn and there we found eleuen saile of Normans and one Brittaine and two Portugall Barkes and all a fishing and so we are readie to depart toward Cape de Bas and that is twentie fiue leagues as shortly as we haue fished and so along the coast till we may meete with our fellow and so with all diligence that lyes in me toward parts to that Ilands that we are commanded by the grace of God as we were commanded at our departing And thus Iesu saue and keepe your honorable Grace and all your honourable Reuer in
is the greater the Crueltie or Intemperancie that is vsed in that Countrey I will not speake of it because it is so foule and not to be named The whole Countrey ouerfloweth with all sinne of that kind And no maruell as hauing no Law to restraine Whoredomes Adulteries and like vncleannesse of life As for the truth of his word as some say the Russe neither beleeueth any thing that another man speaketh nor speaketh any thing himselfe worthy to bee beleeued These qualities make them very odious to all their Neighbours specially to the Tartars that account themselues to be honest and just in comparison of the Russe It is supposed by some that doe well consider of the State of both Countries that the offence they take at the Russe Gouernment and their manner of behauiour hath beene a great cause to keepe the Tartar still Heathenish and to mislike as he doth of the Christian profession To the Reader I Thought good here to giue an account of my course Hauing spent much time in that other World so little known to This Tartaria and China that the parts least known might be made best known I haue comne neerer home to Russia and her neighbours the neerer or Chrim Tartars the Samoyeds and others whereof Doctor Fletchers Story being so elaborate where though the centre bee Russia yet his circumference is more generall and by men iudicious which haue in those parts enioyed most honourable employment and exactest intelligence commended I haue giuen him the first place And if some terme bee mollified or some few things omitted it is not to defraud Thee of the Historie which for substance is whole as by perùsall is found but not to defraud our industrious Countrymen in their merchandizing mysterie wherein some perhaps would hence seeke occasion of vndermining For like cause I haue giuen the next place to Captaine Edge the one our gowned Generall by Land the other in his generall Historie also by Sea as deserued by his ten yeeres Voyages and his other Merits As for the question of Willoughbies Land I list not to dispute it but I thinke neither Hollander as is also confessed by the French Booke called The Historie of Spitsberghe on the Dutch behalfe nor any other haue found any such Lands as his Storie describes but some part of those which now with a generall name wee call Greenland howsoeuer the makers of Maps and Globes may create Lands and Ilands at pleasure especially in vnknowne places and the first setled ordinary and orderly Voyages for the Whale-killing and the most for discouerie in those parts haue beene made by the English their gaynes awakening the Hollander to that enterprise and that also as elsewhere in the World by English guides That which I most grieue at in this contention is the detention of further discouery to the Pole and beyond where it is not likely to be colder then here and at the Arctike circle as in the Red Sea Ormus and the Countrey about Balsara on this side the Tropike is found greater heat then vnder the Line it selfe the desire of gayne euery where causing debate and consequently losse of the best gaine both in Earth and Heauen Merchants might get the World and giue vs the World better if Charitie were their Needle Grace their Compas Heauen their Hauen and if they would take their height by obseruing the Sunne of Righteousnesse in the Scripture-astrolabe and sounding their depth by a Leading Faith and not by a Leadden bottomlesse Couetousnesse that is if they would seeke the Kingdome of Heauen first all things should bee added they should finde World enough in the Indian and Polare Worlds and wee and they should arriue at better knowledge of the Creator and Creatures And of all men that I may a little further answere that Historie of Spitsberghe I would be glad to see agreement betwixt the English and Dutch both because I honour that Nation as hath appeared in this whole worke of Voyages in which and of which the Dutch are so great a part and because in Region Religion Originall Nation ingenious and ingenuous disposition and that which here brings both on our Stage the glory of Nauigation they are so neere vs and worthie to be honored It is true that euery where the English hath beene the elder Brother a Doctor and Ductor to the Hollanders in their Martiall feats at home and Neptunian exploits abroad that I mention not their permitted wealthie fishing on the English shoare whom had they followed with as true and due respect as with happie successe quarrels had not so distracted and distorted both sides I appeale to Dutch ingenuitie if euer they did any thing wholly New but giue names in remotest Nauigations without English lights Columbus an Italian had the honour of finding America and the Spaniards the happinesse But for the North America and the whole Northern New World Cabota borne or bred at least in England was either Actor or Author For the Dutch I haue shewed for the compassing of the World and for the East Indies before that our Drake Candish Mellis Dauis Adams c. were their Fore-runners Pilots and Guides Yea their New-found Land Voyages and all the Northerne coast of America were discouered by Sebastian Cabota and other Englishmen I adde their New Straights Southwards from those of Magelane were discouered before by Drake as in the Map of Sir Francis Drakes Voyage presented to Queene Elizabeth still hanging in His Maiesties Gallerie at White Hall neere the Priuie Chamber and by that Map wherein is Cabotas Picture the first and great Columbus for the Northerne World may be seene In which Map the South of the Magelane Straits is not a Continent but many Ilands and the very same which they haue stiled in their Straits Barneuels Ilands had long before beene named by the most auspicate of Earthly Names and let themselues be Iudges with which the other is as little worthie to be mentioned as a kind Mother and an vnkind Traitor The Name Elizabeth is expressed in golden Letters with a golden Crowne Garter and Armes affixed The words ascribed thereunto are these Cum omnes ferè hanc partem Aâ—stralem Continentem esse putent pro certo sciant Insulas esse Nauigantibus peruias earumque australissimam ELIZABETHAM à D. Francisco Draco Inuentore dictam esse The same height of 57. degrees and South-easterly situation from the Magelan Westerne Mouth giue further euidence And my learned friend Master Brigges told me that he hath seene this plot of Drakes Voyage cut in Siluer by a Dutchman Michael Mercator Nephew to Gerardus many yeeres before Scouten or Maire intended that Voyage As for Noua Zemla by Stephen Burrough and others long before discouered they also haue giuen new names which I enuie not onely I feare a vae soli and hate ingratitude both ours and theirs But too much of this Next to this more generall Discourse shall follow the
we founded and had ground at seuentie fiue fathoms white small shelly ground with small blacke stones The third of Iuly wee anchored on the West side of the Iland in twentie fathoms hauing verie much Ice I obserued the Sunne at the lowest and found the latitude of that place to bee in 74. degrees 55. minutes It followeth there South-west and by South and the floud commeth from the South-west The fifth and sixth dayes we were troubled with much Ice but it being broken we brought the ends of our Cables to our maine Masts and hauing a good tyde we did sheere as wee tearme it cleere off the Ice We ridde thus in Ice sixe dayes to wit vntill the thirteenth day at what time the Ice began to goe way and the Morses came on shoare For their nature is such that they will not come on land as long as any Ice is about the land The fourteenth we went on land Master Welden and Master Bennet with the Ships company and I with the company of the Pinnasse And being altogether on shoare and seeing of the beasts sufficient to make our voyage wee prepared to goe to killing Master Welden and Master Bennet appointed mee to take eleuen men with mee and to goe beyond the beasts where they lay that they and wee might meet at the middest of them and so inclose them that none of them should get into the Sea As I fetched a compasse about before we were aware rose a great white Beare within a Pikes length of vs whereupon we made a stand and my selfe hauing both a Musket and a Lance thought to haue shot him but remembring my selfe that the report of my Peece might make all the Morses goe into the Sea and so hazard our Voyage I went to him with my Lance. All this while he sate foming at the mouth and would not stirre but gaped and roared as though he would haue eaten vs all but presently wee pricked him in the sâ—out and then with an easie pace we proceeded on with our businesse and before six houres were ended we had slayne about seuen or eight hundred Beasts And after that Master Welden slue the Beare For ten dayes space we plyed our businesse very hard and brought it almost to an end The foure and twentieth of Iuly wee had the winde at North-east and it freezed so hard that the Ice did hang on our Clothes The sixe and twentieth we had taken in two and twentie tuns of the Oyle of the Morses and three hogsheads of their Teeth The seuen and twentieth Master Welden slue another Beare The eight and twentieth we tooke in Water and Wood. The nine and twentieth we set sayle for England The fifteenth of August 1606. we arriued in the Thames The sixth Voyage made to Cherie Iland the South part whereof standeth in 74. degrees and 40. minutes of Northerly latitude in the yeere 1608. THe sixteenth of Aprill in the yeere 1608. we set sayle from Blacke wall and came to Grauesend in a ship called the Paul The one and twentieth of May we were within 4. leagues of the North Cape standing in 71. degrees and 2 â— of North latitude The foure and twentieth wee came to Ward-house The fiue and twentieth we weighed and came to Tipany in Lapland the sixe and twentieth where we stayed about our businesse till the thirteenth of Iune The thirteenth of Iune aforesaid wee weighed anchor and directed our course for Cherie Iland The eighteenth at foure of the clocke in the morning wee saw Cherie Iland it bearing North North-west 10. leagues off and at foure of the clocke at night wee anchored on the North-west side of it and Master Welden went on Land on the North side and slue a Beare The nineteenth we rid still and Master Welden went to the North side againe and slue another Beare The same day we sent two men to the South side of the land to see if there were any Morses on shoare They came againe the next day and said that there were great store The twentieth and one and twentieth dayes it was calme and the weather cleere and wee had it as hot as I haue commonly felt in England at that time of the yeere For the Pitch did runne downe the ships sides and that side of the Masts that was to the Sunne ward was so hot that the Tarre did frye out of it as though it had boyled The two and twentieth at a North-east Sun we weighed and went to the South side of the Iland and came into a Coue where the Morses were and slue about 900. or 1000. of them in lesse then seuen houres and there wee plyed our businesse vntill the second of Iuly at what time we had taken into our ship 22. tunnes and three hogsheads of Oyle The third of Iuly being Sunday one Richard Steuens of Harewich came to the said Cherie Iland in a ship called the Dragon being set out by Master Duppa a Brewer dwelling in Saint Catharines neere the Tower of London which set out a ship with Master Thomas Welden the yeere before 1607. The ninth day we made our Voyage and came out of the Coue hauing taken in 31. tunnes of Oyle and one hogshead one barrell and one terce of Morses teeth besides 400. other teeth The twelfth we tooke into our ship two young Morses male and female aliue the female died before we came into England the male liued aboue ten weekes When wee had watered we set sayle for England about foure of the clocke in the morning The fourteenth day we saw the Iland bearing North North-west 15. leagues off vs and sounded and had 85. fathoms greene Oze like Doues dung The twentieth of August wee arriued at London and hauing dispatched some priuate businesse we brought our liuing young Morse to the Court where the King and many honourable personages beheld it with admiration for the strangenesse of the same the like whereof had neuer before beene seene aliue in England Not long after it fell sicke and died As the beast in shape is very strange so is it of strange docilitie and apt to be taught as by good experience we often proued The seuenth Voyage to Cherie Iland made in the yeere 1609. WEe were furnished with two ships determining to goe to Tipany in Lapland to buy fish of the Lappes and Russes and afterward to goe to Cherie Iland the one was called the Lionesse in which I went for Master the other the Paul which was there the last yeere 1608. The one and twentieth day of March we weighed anchor at Grauesend and the sixe and twentieth we came to Harwich where it was concluded that the Lionesse should goe directly to Cherie Iland The fifteenth of Aprill we weighed at Harewich and the last of the same moneth we fell betweene Lofoot and Zenam vpon the Coast of Finmark The second of May we came to the North Cape and the
three and twentie persons at one time onely with Partridges besides Curlue Plouer Mallard Teale and Goose. I haue seene two hot Bathes in Island and haue beene in one of them Wee are resolued to trie the vttermost and lye onely expecting a faire winde and to refresh our selues to auoyd the Ice which now is come off the West Coasts of which wee haue seene whole Ilands but God bee thanked haue not beene in danger of any Thus I desire all your prayers for vs. From Island this thirtieth of May 1610. A note found in the Deske of Thomas Wydowse Student in the Mathematickes hee being one of them who was put into the Shallop THe tenth day of September 1610. after dinner our Master called all the Companie together to heare and beare witnesse of the abuse of some of the Companie it hauing beene the request of Robert Iuet that the Master should redresse some abuses and slanders as hee called them against this Iuet which thing after the Master had examined and heard with equitie what hee could say for himselfe there were prooued so many and great abuses and mutinous matters against the Master and action by Iuet that there was danger to haue suffred them longer and it was fit time to punish and cut off farther occasions of the like mutinies It was prooued to his face first with Bennet Mathew our Trumpet vpon our first sight of Island and hee confest that hee supposed that in the action would bee man-slaughter and proue bloodie to some Secondly at our comming from Island in hearing of the companie hee did threaten to turne the head of the Ship home from the action which at that time was by our Master wisely pacified hoping of amendment Thirdly it was deposed by Philip Staffe our Carpenter and Ladlie Arnold to his face vpon the holy Bible that hee perswaded them to keepe Muskets charged and Swords readie in their Cabbins for they should bee charged with shot ere the Voyage were ouer Fourthly wee being pestered in the Ice hee had vsed words tending to mutinie discouragement and slander of the action which easily tooke effect in those that were timorous and had not the Master in time preuented it might easily haue ouerthrowne the Voyage and now lately beeing imbayed in a deepe Bay which the Master had desire to see for some reasons to himselfe knowne his word tended altogether to put the Companie into a fray of extremitie by wintering in cold Iesting at our Masters hope to see Bantam by Candlemasse For these and diuers other base slâ—nders against the Master hee was deposed and Robert Bylot who had shewed himselfe honestly respecting the good of the action was placed in his stead the Masters Mate Also Francis Clement the Boatson as this time was put from his Office and William Wilson a man thought more fit preferred to his place This man had basely carryed himselfe to our Master and to the action Also Adrian Mooter was appointed Boatsons mate and a promise by the Master that from this day Iuats wages should remaine to Bylot and the Boatsons ouerplus of wages should bee equally diuided betweene Wilson and one Iohn King to the owners good liking one of the 〈◊〉 Masters who had very well carryed themselues to the furtherance of the businesse Also the Master promised if the Offenders yet behaued themselues henceforth honestly hee would bee a meanes for their good and that hee would forget iniuries with other admonitions These things thus premised touching Hudsons exposing and Gods iust iudgements on the Exposers as Pricket hath related whom they reserued as is thought in hope by Sir Dudley Digges his Master to procure their pardon at their returne I thought good to adde that which I haue further receiued from good Intelligence that the Ship comming aground at Digges Iland in 62. degrees 44. minutes a great flood came from the West and set them on floate an argument of an open passage from the South Sea to that and consequently to these Seas The Weapons and Arts which they saw beyond those of other Sauages are arguments hereof Hee which assaulted Pricket in the Boate had a weapon broad and sharpe indented of bright Steele such they vse in Iaua riueted into a handle of Morse tooth CHAP. XVIII The Discoueries of M. M. NICOLO and ANTONIO ZENI gathered out of their Letters by FRANCISCO MARCOLINO whereto is added QVIRINO his Ship-wracke IN the yeere 1380. Master Nicolo Zeno being wealthy and of a haughtie spirit desiring to see the fashions of the world built and furnished a Ship at his owne charges and passing the Straits of Gibralter held on his course Northwards with intent to see England and Flanders But a violent tempest assailing him at Sea hee was carried hee knew not whither till at last his Ship was carried away vpon the I le of Frisland where the mâ—n and most part of the goods were saued In vaine seemes that deliuerie that deliuers vp presently to another Executioner The Ilanders like Neptunes hungry groomes or his base and blacke Guard set vpon the men whom the Seas had spared but heere also they found a second escape by meanes of a Prince named Zichmui Prince of that and many Ilands thereabouts who being neere hand with his Armie came at the out-crie and chasing away the people tooke them into protection This Zichmui had the yeere before giuen the ouerthrow to the King of Norway and was a great aduenturer in feates of Armes He spake to them in Latine and placed them in his Nauie wherewith hee wonne diuers Ilands Nicolo be haued himselfe so well both in sauing the Fleet by his Sea-skill and in conquest of the Ilands by his valour that Zichmui made him Knight and Captaine of his Nauie After diuers notable exploits Nicolo armed three Barkes with which hee arriued in Engroneland where hee found a Monasterie of Friers of the Preachers Order and a Church dedicated to Saint Thomas hard by a Hill that casteth out fire like Vesuniâ—s and Aetna There is a Fountaine of hot water with which they heate the Church of the Monasterie and the Friers chambers It commeth also into the Kitchin so boyling hote that they vse no other fire to drâ—sse their meate and putting their Bread into brasse Pots without any water it doth bake as it were in an hot Ouen They haue also small Gardens which are couered ouer in the Winter time and being watered with this water are defended from the violence of the Frost and cold and bring forth Flowers in their due seasons The common people astonished with these strange effects conceiue highly of those Friers and bring them presents of Flesh and other things They with this Water in the extremitie of the cold heate their Chambers which also as the other buildings of the Monasterie are framed of those burning stones which the mouth of the Hill casts foorth They cast water on some of them whereby they are dissolued and become excellent
from Rustene wee found certaine Relikes of the plankes and ribs of our Skiffe whereby we plainly knew that our companions which were in it were perished and drowned the first night that they departed from vs. The nine and twentieth of May 1432. we arriued with the said Barke at Trondon vpon the Coast of Norway the Princely Seate of the King of Denmarke where the Honourable bodie of glorious Saint Olaus resteth There wee stayed ten dayes to waite for passage and a fit time for our Voyage but not finding it because we would lose no more time wee tooke leaue of our beloued Host his Sonnes and the rest to proceed on our journey by Land The ninth of Iune we departed from Trondon trauelling on foot going towards Vastena a place subject to the King of Denmarke within the Prouince of Sweden where the cheek-bone and part of the bone of the head of Saint Bridget remayneth Being there wee vnderstood by the Venetians that the Inhabitants for the reuerence of their glorious King Saint Olaus vnto whom as they well knew our Signiorie of Venice did great fauour in his going and returning from his Voyage to Hierusalem were disposed with deeds to prouide for vs by their counsell helpe and money And first they aduised vs not to goe the direct way into Dacia by reason of the dangers of wilde beasts which might befall vs but to addresse our selues to goe directly to Stichimborgi to find out a valiant Venetian Knight called M. Giouan Francho from whom wee should receue fauour and helpe in plentifull manner for loue of our Countrey although the way were thirtie dayes iourney quite contrary to our direct way On the eighteenth day we came to the Court of the said Cauallier M. Giouan Francho an Honourable Baron and highly esteemed of the Crowne of Dacia where with great joy we found our two straggling companions The valorous Knight being now informed of our comming with a cheereful conntenance declared well vnto vs how great the loue of his Countrey was and especially knowing the calamitie and penurie of vs his Countrey-men and being easily able to releeue it And therefore he could not sufficiently satisfie himselfe in honouring clothing and feeding vs but gaue vs money for our necessities and furnishing vs afterward with good Horses in his owne proper person together with his only Sonne M. Mapheo with an hundred and twentie Horses of his owne Seruants he accompanied vs many dayes journeyes through his Territories trauelling alwayes at his owne charge Afterward vpon his limits and bounds wee tooke our leaue to depart thanking him with the most reuerent and kind speeches that possibly we could Whereupon he being departed left vs for our Guide his said sonne M. Mapheo with twentie seruants on Horse-backe who kept vs company vnto Vastena the place from whence about fortie dayes before we had departed vnto the which place for the auoyding of two monethes trauell wee were faine to returne so that on the thirtieth day of Iuly wee entred into Vastena where wee abode vntill the second of August being alwayes accompanied and our charges borne by the said M. Mapheo On the second of August we tooke our leaue of the foresaid M. Mapheo yeelding him such thankes as we could And being departed from him wee went to Lodese where wee arriued the eleuenth of the said moneth in which place we found two passages the one for England and the other for the Low Countries and there we voluntarily diuided our selues into two parts The two and twentieth of August 1432. we Christophoro Fiorauante one of the Councell of the vnfortunate ship together with Girardo da Lione the Sewer and Nicolo di Michiel of Venice the Notarie now Writer of this present Discourse departed from the other eight of our companions they going towards London and we to Venice by the way of Rostoch pretending to goe to Rome for a Pardon and after many troubles and molestations passing ouer Mountaynes Valleyes Riuers sometimes on foot and sometimes on Horse-backe through the helpe of the Omnipotent God we came vnto our so much desired Countrey of Venice on the twelfth of October 1432. safe and sound leauing the said Girardo da Lion at Vasenâ—ch who from thence went vnto his Countrey and those that went into England were these Master Francesco Quirini Sonne of Master Iacomo a Venetian Gentleman being Merchant of the vnhappie ship Master Piero Gradenico Sonne of Master Andrea of the age of eighteene yeeres a young Merchant Bernardo da Caghire Pilot of the ship whose Wife being young aswell through the long delay of time passed as for that it was many times certainly reported that the said ship with all them that were therein were in great danger and no token at all appearing to the contrary being aduised more hastily then vpon mature consideration as is the manner of needie women she married her selfe at Triâ—iso But hearing of our comming and the certayne newes of her liuing and true Husband she presently separated the bond of the second Marriage and shut her selfe vp in an honest Monasterie aswell to declare the Integritie of her minde as to expect the returne of her true Husband who about some three moneths after came to Venice safe and sound and tooke her againe vnto him c. CHAP. XIX Ancient Commerce betwixt ENGLAND and NORWAY and other Northerne Regions GReat Alexander is said in â—earing a Flatterers Historie of his conquestâ— making them how great soeâ—er in themselues farre greater theâ— they were to haue caused that booke to bee throwne into the Sea with iust indignation exclaiming that those incredibilities would make that which hee had indeed done seeme incredible to posteritie And a Liar said Alexanders Master Aristotle gets this by lying that when he speakes truth he cannot be beleeued So hath it fared with that Brittish worthy King Arthur whose Great Acts by great Flatterers seeking to light candles to the Sunne haue made others suppose it to be night and his worth to be a worke of darknesse and lyes Neither doth the later posteritie know how to distinguish the one from the other and the Writers for and against the truth of three British storie as Ieffery of Moumouth and William of Newbridge of old and others since haue seemed to me to let the truth as in altercation is vsuall to fall downe betwixt them for others more moderate spirits to take vp Although therefore many things related of Artâ—â—â— are absurd 〈◊〉 so are not all nor that altogether which is spoken of his Northerne conquests eleuen hundred yeeres since and of commerce a 〈…〉 not some kind of 〈◊〉 acknowledgment of 〈◊〉 the King of Ireland 〈◊〉 of the Orcades Maluâ—sius of Island Doldaâ—iâ— of Gotâ—and Ascâ—ilâ—â— of the Danes and Loâ— King of Norway Some adde that King Arthur left people to inhabite the Ilands and that the Norwegian Nobles tooke them Brittish wiues and that the Norwegians 〈◊〉 their Brittish 〈◊〉 and
per suas literas intimaâ—it vobis mandamus quatenus si cundem Regem vel ipsius Nauigium per mare coâ—tiguum terrae nostra tranâ—irâ— contingat vel in Terram nostram vel in feâ—da nostra alicubi applicarâ— ipsum suos benignè honorificè recipiatis permittentes eosdem in terra nostra a victualia 〈◊〉 sibi pâ—r forum legitimum de sibi necessarijs prouidere Actum apud Sanctum Germanum in Laia A. D. 1248. When the King of Norway had read this for hee is a discreet and modest and well learned man hee reioyced much and was gratefull to the bearer respecting him with Royall and bountifull gifts Thus writeth Matthew Paris of himselfe and his employment The cause of his going into Norway he further relateth that King Cnuto or Canutus hauing founded a famous Monastery of Saint Bennet of Holm in Norway of which title and order hee had founded another in England it happened that the said Abbie with the appurtenances was almost ruined by an impious Abbat who forsaking his Order and stealing away priuily the Seale of the Chapiter either sold or by forged writings fraudulently engaged almost all the possessions thereof wherein hee had the Sacrist the keeper of the Seale his copartner both in this fugitiue apostacie and treacherie Heereupon the Archbishop of Nidrosia in whose Diocesse the said Abbie was situate seised the same and the appurtenances into his hands alledging that the Monkes had only the habite but were altogether ignorant of Monastike order and Saint Bennets rule some of them also theeues and fugitiues The Monkes appealed to the Pope which caused the Archbishop to suspend his proceedings and the Prior recouering somewhat and gathering together a summe of money went to the Roman Court where the Abbat had beene a little before and intangled by writings the said house in fiue hundred markes which caused the Prior to returne frustrate and full of griefe But in his way hearing that the said Abbat was dead in the Abby of Saint Alban in Selio in Norway he and the Couent made choice of an Abbat and this Prior with another Monke and three hundred markes in mony together with the Kings letter being sent to Matthew Paris to take paines for their freedome it was procured happily that the temporalties of the said house were freed from the Caursines the Popes Vsurers then residing at London within one yeeres space But their Spiritualities were much maimed they by bribes purchasing delayes lest the Archbishop should take possession of the Iland which wholly belonged to the Abby and of it also expelling the Monkes Now the Cardinall Bishop of Sabine then comming Legate into Norway the Monkes sought to him for succour and hee counselled them to go and petition the Pope to prouide them of an Instructor and Reformer and he would write in their behalfe The Abbat therefore and Prior went with Letters from the King and Legate to the Pope who gaue them leaue to chuse any man of whatsoeuer Region or Monasterie to be their Instructer They answered the next day that all the World had not Monkes of that Order liuing in more composed order then England nor England any comparable by report to Saint Albans of which House they desired Matthew to be their Reformer of whose wisdome and faithfulnes they had had experience a man also almost familiar and friendly to their King and able by his meanes to order the rebellious and vnruly Hereupon the Pope gaue them this Briefe to the Abbat of Saint Albans Innocentius c. Dilecto Filio Abbati Sancti Albani in Anglia Ordinis S. Benedicti c. Cum sicut ex parte dilecti filij Abbatis Monasterij de Holâ—s Ordinis S. Benedicti Nistorsiensis Diocesis fuit propositum coram nobis idem Monasterium propter Pradecessorum suorum negligentiam sit in his quae ad Monasticum Ordinem pertinent deformatum nec inueniator in illis partibus aliquis qui statuta obseruantias eiusdem Ordinis bene sciat Nos ad supplicationem eiusdem Abbatis discretionem tuam rogamus attentius hortamur per Apostolica tibi scripta mandantes quatenus dilectum filium Fratrem Mattheum Monachum tuum qui dicitur probeta vitae ac religionis expertae ad idem Monasterium vt dictum Abbatem Monachos suos in regularibus disciplinis statutis quae ad eundem ordinem pertinent informet instruat transmittere pro diuina Apostolicae sedis ac nostra reuerentia non postponas Datum Lugduni c. Hereto the Abbat obeying and Matthew to his Abbat the businesse luckily succeeded and Monkerie both in that of Holâ—s and other Norwegian Monasteries was reformed I might here shew the great stirres which in the first Ages after the Conquest the Norwegians haue caused in Ireland Wales Man Anglesey the Hebrides and Orcades as also of Harald whom the Conquerour slue his two sonnes and daughter fleeing to Sueno King of Denmarke who gaue the daughter in Marriage to Ieruslaus or Waldemarus King of Russia and of Nicolas de Lynna a Franciscan Frier and Mathematician of Oxford before mentioned of whom Iacobus Cuoyen saith in his Iournall that he learned of a Priest who had descended of those which King Arthur had left to people the Ilands of Norway Anno 1364. that in the yeere 1360. the said Frier had comne into those Ilands and proceeding further by Art Magicke had described those Aâ—â—ike parts as the Map presents with foure Whirl-pooles or In-draughts Yea as Master Dee addeth at the Northerne Ilands the Record whereof at his returne he gaue to the King of England the Booke being called Inuentio fortunata or fortunae contayning a description from fiftie foure degrees to the Pole I might also adde out of Thâ—mas of Walsingham the Trauels of Henrie Earle of Darbie afterwards Henrie the Fourth King of England into Prussia and Lettow or Lithuania where by his helpe especially was taken Vilna the chiefe Citie Skâ—rgalle the King of Lettow hauing fled thither for refuge his Colours being first aduanced on the walls foure thousand slaine of which the King of Polands Brother and three thousand captiued Also I might adde the Voyage of Thomas of Woodstocke Duke of Glocester sonne to King Edward the Third along the Coasts of Denmarke Norway and Scotland Other Letters likewise of King Edward the Second to Haquin or Hacon King of Norway in behalfe of English Merchants there arrested with Entercourses betwixt the English and the Dutch Knights in Liefland But hauing only briefe mentions of these and them or the most of them recorded by Master Hakluyts industrie before I doe here but Index-wise referre the Reader thither I rather choose to giue new things and rare and such may seeme these Notes which Anno 1605. I writ from the mouth of Master George Barkeley HONDIVS his Map of the Arctike Pole or Northerne World POLUS ARCTICUS cum vicinis regionibus CHAP.
Emperour and great Duke of all Russia Volademer Moskoe and Nouogrode King of Casan and Astracan Lord of Vobskoe great Duke of Smolenskoe Tuer Huder Vghory Perme Viatsky Bolgory c. Lord and great Duke of Nouogrod in the Low Countreyes of Chernigo Rezan Polotskey Rostoue Geraslaue Bealozera Leifland Oudorskey Obdorskey Condingskey King of all Syberia and the North Coasts Commander of the Countreyes of Iuersky Grysinsky and Emperour of Kabardiuskey of Chirkasky and of the whole Countrey of Garskey and of many other Countreyes and Kingdomes Lord and Emperour to know of his Maiesties health of England the Queene and Princes The second being a Captayne of Gunners the Emperours Guard named Kazriâ—e Dauydowich Beaheetchoue pronouncing the Emperour and Princes Title said hee was sent from them to know his Lordships health and vsage with the Kings Gentlemen The third was one of the Secretaries named Pheodor Boulteene obseruing the former order did deliuer what he had in command from the Emperor Prince and Empresse to informe the Embassador of their much fauour towards him and the Kings Gentlemen in prouiding for his Honourable entertayne and ease a faire large house to lodge in Also that they three were sent from the Emperour Prince and Empresse to be his Prestaues to supply the Emperours goodnesse toward him to prouide his necessaries and deliuer any sute it pleased the Ambassadour to make to the Emperour To all which the Embassadour very wisely gaue answere as they made report vnto the Emperour So we all presently mounted againe the Prestaues on either hand of the Ambassadour his Horse and Foot-cloth being led by his Page some small distance his Coach behind that and some sixe thousand Gallants after behind all who at the Embassadors riding through the guard that was made for him very courteously bowed himselfe Thus was he followed by thousands and within the three wals of the Citie many hundreds of young Noblemen Gentlemen and rich Merchants well mounted begirt the wayes on euery side diuers on foot also euen to the gate of the house where the Embassadour was to be lodged which was some two miles Whether being come he was brought into his Bed-chamber by the Noblemen his Prestaues where with many thankes for their honourable paines they were dismist betaking themselues to their further affaires The next morning came three other Prestaues with the former to know of his Lordships health and how he had rested the night past withall that if his Lordship wanted any thing they all or any one of them were as commanded so readie to obey therein These with the Interpreter and sixe Gentlemen were most within the walls lodged in a house ouer the gate besides we had fiftie Gunners to attend and guard vs in our going abroad The eight of October being the fourth day after our comming to Musco the Prestaues came to his Lordship to let him vnderstand they heard he should goe vp the next day wherefore they desired his speech and Embassage to the Emperour and the rather that the Interpreter might as they pretended translate it To this purpose very earnestly at seuerall times they made demand The Embassadour answered that he was sent from a mightie Prince to bee his Embassadour to their Emperour and being sent to their Master he deemed it not only a dishonour to him but a weaknesse in them to require that at his hands The â—leuenth of October his Lordship being sent for by his Prestaues there wayting hauing excellent Iennets for himselfe the Kings Gentlemen and good horses for the rest as likewise two gallant white Palfreis to carrie or draw a rich Chariot one parcell of the great Present with his followers and the Emperours guard carrying the rest on each side the streets standing the Emperours guard with Peeces in their hands well apparelled to the number of two thousand by esteeme many Messengers posting betwixt the Court and our Prestaues Thus with much state softly riding till we came vnto the vtmost gate of the Court hauing passed through the great Castle before there his Lordship dismounted Then met him a great Duke named Knase Andriay Metowich Soomederoue with certayne Gentlemen to bring him vp So in order as we rode we ascended the staires and a stone Gallerie whereon each side stood many Nobles and Courtiers in faire Coates of Persian Stuffe Veluet Damaske c. At the entry to the great Chamber two Counsellors encountred the Embassadour to conduct him through that Roome round about which sat many graue and richly apparrelled Personages Then we entred the Presence whether being come and making obeysance we staid to heare but not vnderstand a very gallant Nobleman named Peter Basman deliuer the Emperours Title Then the particular of the Presents and some other Ceremonies which performed the Embassadour hauing libertie deliuered so much of his Embassage as the time and occasion then affoorded After which the Emperour arising from his Throne demanded of the King of Englands health the Princes and Queenes then of the Embassadors and the Kings Gentlemen and how they had beene vsed since they entred within his Dominions to all which with obeysance wee answered as was meete Then the young Prince demanded the very same The Embassador hauing taken the Kings Letter of his Gentleman Vsher went vp after his obeysance to deliuer it which the Lord Chancellor would haue intercepted But the Embassadour gaue it to the Emperours owne hands and his Majestie afterwards deliuered it to the Lord Chancellor who tooke it and shewing the superscription to the Emperour and Prince held it in his hand openly with the Seale towards them Then the Emperour called the Embassadour to kisse his hand which he did as likewise the Princes and with his face towards them returned Then did hee call for the Kings Gentlemen to kisse his hand and the Princes which they after obeysance made did accordingly Afterwards his Majestie inuited his Lordship the Kings Gentlemen and the rest to dine with him as likewise Master I. Mericke Agent by name who gaue his attendance there on the Embassadour and was now as diuers times very graciously vsed of the Emperour and Prince no stranger that I euer heard off like him in all respects Being entred the Presence we might behold the excellent Majestie of a mightie Emperour seated in a Chaire of Gold richly embroydered with Persian Stuffe in his right hand hee held a golden Scepter a Crowne of pure Gold vpon his head a Coller of rich stones and Pearles about his necke his outward Garments of Crimson Veluet embroydered very faire with Pearles Precious stones and Gold On his right side on equall height to his Throne standing a very faire Globe of beaten Gold on a Pyramis with a faire Crosse vpon it vnto which before hee spake he turned a little and crost himselfe Nigh that stood a faire Bason and Ewer which the Emperour often vseth daily Close by him in another Throne sat the Prince in an
to sweepe the snowe away where he should passe and were said to bee slaues which I verily beleeue because certainly they were his Subiects Then came the Prince richly apparelled with two Tartar Princes standing before on his sled and two young Dukes behind with two hundred sleds following him The eight of Februarie the Emperor sent vs sleds to ride abroad and this day the rather that we might behold a reported victorie against the reputed Rebell Demetrie c. So we the Kings Gentlemen did behold three hundred poore Prisoners seuenteene Ensignes and eleuen Drums brought in with more glorie then victorie About this time returned Peter Basman one of the Generals who had performed very honourable seruice and certainly he was the man of greatest hope and expectation in the whole Empire who was brought into the Mosco with all the Counsell Nobles Gentlemen and Merchants a grace neuer performed before to any Subiect But not without suspition of some extraordinarie secret herein and â—â—â—ides particular fauours bountifull rewards and a promise he should neuer goe againe vntill the Emperor himselfe went he was being but a young man made a Priuie Counsellor Forth with one thing I will you shall obserue the Emperors fauour and his then noble Spirit he making diuers times sute as was thought because they were in great danger to goe againe to the warres once prostrated himselfe to obtayne his desire but falling downe too humbly hee could not easily rise againe whereby the Emperor vnderstanding of his many and great wounds was said to weepe rising himselfe vp to raise and helpe him vp but extraordinarie Causes haue the like Effects as hereafter you shall vnderstand We were lodged in the same house where the young Prince Iohn of Denmarke brother to that King and our now Queene of England did lodge who would haue married the young Princesse Oucksinia the Emperors only daughter but that he vnhappily there died but not in any of those lodgings for it is a custome there that where a Prince dyes especially a stranger not of long time after to let any other lodge there Now the Ambassador vnderstanding of the conuenience of his passage downe by sled-way also fearing as wise men had cause what the issue of these warres would be knowing the state here vsed in any sutes bethought himselfe aduisedly that it was high time being the middest of Februarie to desire a second audience for his sooner dispatch which he forthwith requested and wrote a letter to that purpose vnto the Lord Chancellor Vpon the tenth of March the Ambassador with the Kings Gentlemen all richly apparelled and all his followers decently attending very honourably as before and with the like recourse of beholders and guard of Gunners but that they were said to bee Citizens by reason of their warres but in like apparell was attended to the Court being receiued with the former grace or more he ascended the Presence the Emperour and Prince holding their wonted state onely changing their Vestments with the season but for the riches nothing inferior So soone as the Ambassador and the Kings Gentlemen were come opposite to his Throne hee commanded seates that they might sit downe then with a Maiestick countenance representing rather constraint then former cheerfulnesse he declared that He his Sonne and Councell had considered his Maiesties Letter the Maiestie of King Iames of England as also on whatsoeuer else was desired and in token of his ioyfull receiued amâ—tie with the renowmed King of England as with his Predecessor he had wrote his Princely Letters to that purpose Herewith the Chancellor from the Emperour deliuered the Ambassadors his Highnesse Letters to his excellent Maiestie Withall vnderstanding by the Chancellor hee had some farther matter to intreat of then in his Briefe to his Maiestie was remembred therefore hee had appointed foure principall Councellors to consult with him of his Requests which was done After the Ambassador yeelding courteous thanks for his Maiesties fauour his Lordship attended by many Nobles proceeded to the Councell Chamber whither presently after came foure Councellors and the Emperours Tolmach who after salutations we withdrew to the next chamber where wee passed away an houre in discourse among many young Nobles hauing the Ambassadors Interpreter In the end after three or foure goings and returnes of the Chancellor from the Emperour wee went againe before him where after hee had commanded vs to sit downe as before by the mouth of the Chancellor was openly deliuered a Briefe of the whole Embassie and that dayes particular desire according to the Ambassadors request confirmed Also in good and pleasing language was declared the great desire that the Emperour had for the continuance of peace and amitie with the renowmed Iames King of England as with the late Queene Elizabeth withall that in due time all accidents well ended he would send an honourable Ambassador for further affaires as likewise to congratulate with our King of his happinesse in so plausible comming to his Right and Inheritance Likewise a Granâ— of a new Priuiledge for the Companie which he said should be vnder the golden Seale c. Which ceremonious speech ended the Emperor called for the Ambassador and the Kings Gentlemen to kisse his hand and the Princes which done with the Emperors nod or bowing to vs as likewise the Princes desiring the remembrance of his and the Princes commendations to his Maiestie the Prince and Queene of England we were dismissed but not before the Emperor said he would send home to vs. Thus we tooke our last leaue of the Emperors Court being more graciously and especially entertayned then before or then euer any would take knowledge Ambassadors were vsed withall we are honorably attended home and a Duke of great account named Knas Euan Euaâ—â—owich Courlâ—teâ— was attended with many of the Emperors seruants within our Gates following him a dinner sent from the Emperor by some two hundred persons consisting of three hundred seuerall dishes of Fish for it was now Lent of such strangenesse greatnesse and goodnesse for their number as it were not to bee beleeued by any report but by a mans owne eye-sight with infinite store of Meades and Beere in massie plate c. The eighteenth of March the Emperor sent by Vassilly â—râ—gâ—râ—wich Tâ—lâ—pnoâ—e the Roll wherein was the Demands of the Ambassador and the particulars of the whole negotiation as there at large appeares The nineteenth his Maiestie sent 〈◊〉 Mâ—nshoy Buldâ—coâ—e vnder Treasurer a royall Present to the Ambassador of many particulars also to each of the Kings Gentlemen being rewarded he departed The twentieth of March being honourably accompanyed with thousands of Gallants of each side the streets all along as we passed the Ambassador departed from the Citie of Mosco with the whole numbers of horse-men still becking vs till we came a shore mile on this side the Citie where we made a stand and after some complement betweene the Ambassador and his
September the wind still continued at South-west blowing a very stiffe gale we steered away East and by South making an East way about fiftie leagues This day at noone we were in the latitude of 60. degrees 45. minutes Wednesday the second faire weather with the wind at South-west wee made an East and by South way halfe a point Southerly about fortie two leagues being at noone in the latitude of 60. degrees 10. minutes This day I obserued and found the Compasse to be varied three degrees to the Westward Thursday the third day faire weather the wind at South-west wee made an East by North way at noone about twentie leagues This day in the after-noone the winde being at North North-west it blew a very stiffe gale for two Watches and toward seuen or eight of the clocke the storme so increased that our shippe was not able to beare any saile And all that night wee lay at hull Friday the fourth the storme still continued and we could beare no saile all that day till about foure of the clocke in the afternoone at which time we set our fore course and our maine course The night before in the storme we lost The Harts-ease This day wee made some twelue leagues East and by North. And we fell to lee-ward lying at hull some fiue leagues South by West Saturday the fift calme weather but very thicke and close all the forenoone the wind continued still at North North-west we making from the time wee set our courses the day before about twentie leagues East halfe Southerly beeing at noone in the latitude of 59. degrees 53. minutes Sunday the sixt faire weather the wind at North North-west we steering away East North-east and East and by North made an East by North way halfe Northerly some 29. leagues being at noone in 60. degrees 10. minutes This day the Compasse was varied to the East sixe degrees This afternoone it was almost calme and wee sounded and found ground at sixtie eight fathomes This Euening about ten of the clocke the wind came to the South-east Munday the seuenth very faire weather the wind South-east and South-east by East wee tacked in the morning to the North-ward and ranne East North-east and East by North vntill seuen or eight in the afternoone at which time we tacked vp to the Southward and went away South-west till toward twelue a clocke that night twentiâ— leagues Tuesday the eight in our morning Watch I found our selues to be in 59. degrees 20. minutes And about fiue of the clocke I espied Land which we supposed to bee the Iles of Orkney as afterward we found them to be the same And toward three of the clocke we came to an Anchor in a Channell running betweene the Ilands where the people came to vs and brought vs Hennes Geese and Sheepe and sold them to vs for old clothes and shooes desiring rather them then money There are about eighteene of these Ilands which are called by the name of the Orkeneis Wednesday the ninth it was thicke weather and the winde so Easterly that wee could not weigh Anchor Thursday the tenth faire weather and the wind came to the North-west and about noone we weighed Anchor and toward fiue of the clocke we were cleere off the Iles. The Channell for the most part lyeth North-west and South-east All that night we stood away South-east Friday the eleuenth faire weather with the wind at North North-west And about nine of the clocke in the morning we steered away South South-east At which time wee had sight of Buquham-nesse And about two of the clocke we were thwart of it The seuenteenth we came to an Anchor in Hull Road for which the Lord bee praysed Here I thinke it not amisse briefly to relate the state and manners of the people of Groenland forasmuch as I could learne As also what likelihood there is of a passe into the Sea which lyeth vpon Tartarie and China The North-west part of Gronland is an exceeding high Land to the Sea-ward and almost nothing but Mountaynes which are wonderfull high all within the Land as farre as wee could perceiue and they are all of stone some of one colour and some of another and all glistering as though they were of rich value but indeed they are not worth any thing For our Gold-smith Iames Carlile tryed very much of the Vre and found it to bee nothing worth If there bee any Mettall it lyeth so low in the Mountaynes that it cannot bee well come by There are some Rocks in these Mountaynes which are exceeding pure Stone finer and whiter then Alabaster The sides of these Mountaynes continually are couered with Snow for the most part and especially the North sides and the Noth sides of the Valleyes hauing a kind of Mosse and in some places Grasse with a little branch running all along the ground bearing a little blacke Berrie it runneth along the ground like Three-leafed Grasse heere in England There are few or no Trees growing as farre as wee could perceiue but in one place some fortie miles within the Land in a Riuer which wee called Balls Riuer There I saw on the South-side of an high Mountayne which we went vp and found as it were a yong Groue of small Wood some of it sixe or seuen foot high like a Coppice in England that had beene some two or three yeeres cut And this was the most Wood that wee saw growing in this Countrey being some of it a kind of Willow Iuniper and such like We found in many places much Angelica We suppose the people eate the Roots thereof for some causes For we haue seene them haue many of them in their Boats There are great store of Foxes in the Ilands and in the Mayne of sundry colours And there are a kind of Hares as white as Snow with their furre or haire very long Also there be Deere but they are most commonly vp within the Mayne very farre because the people doe so much hunt them that come neere the Sea I saw at one time seuen of them together which were all that wee did see in the Countrey But our men haue bought diuers Coates of the people made of Deeres skinnes and haue bought of their Hornes also Besides we haue diuers times seene the footsteps of some beast whose foote was bigger then the foot of a great Oxe Furthermore the Inhabitants haue a kinde of Dogges which they keepe at their Houses and Tents which Dogges are almost like vnto Wolues liuing by fish as the Foxes doe But one thing is very strange as I thought for the Pizzels of both Dogges and Foxes are bone The people all the Summer time vse nothing but fishing drying their fish and Seales flesh vpon the Rockes for their Winter Prouision Euery one both man and woman haue each of them a Boate made with long small pieces of Firre-wood couered with Seales skinnes very well drest and sewed so
Riuer Ob from the South to trade at Surgout and Tobolsca The Country of King Alteen An Altine is six pence a Dingo is a penie Hawkes as white as snow Russe Money A course Hamborough Cloth Nouember 1614. His Iourney within 30. leagues of Ob and neere to Bersoma The Riuer Coy falling into Pechorâ— The Riuer Shapkina falling into Pechora The Riuer Nougorotka falling into Shapkina Habeaga Riuer falling into Pechora December The Riuer Haryena falling into Coluoy The Riuer Coluoy falling into Ouse Saint Nicholas Bay A small Riuer falling into Sandauets Terrible Frost The Riuer Hoseda falling into Azua The Riuer Azua falling into Ouse The Mountain Yangoda The Riuer Rogauaya Mensha falling into Ouse The Riuer Rogauaya Bolsha falling into Ouse Altitude and Variation Ianuarie Returne Wilde Deere Aprill Riuer increasing May. Oust-zilma Glouboka is 67. degrees 55. minutes Iuly Apparell of Samoyeds Sleds Deere swiftnesse Women Tent and Chappell Superstition No Townes Marrie Wiues bought and sold. Marriages Rings and Bels. Diuorce Religion Funerals Their yeere but halfe a yeere Iudgement or Oath Their persons Diuination Womens hardinesse * This was Master Bennets second Voyage thither His first Voyage thither A. 1603. I haue added at the end of this Chapter after Pooles Relations this being set before I saw that A Morse Cherie Iland described Store of fowles Morses roring Abundance of Sea-fowles found on shoare Small 〈◊〉 74. 〈…〉 minutes Notâ— The 〈◊〉 Teeth Abundance of Drift Wood. A thousand Morses found 1603. Lead Vre was found Pechingo Cola. Why the Iland was called Cherie Iland Assumption Iuly 2. Cherie Iland Many Morses killed with shot and Iauelings The fight of the Morse Oyle made of the fat of the Morses Eleuen tuns of Oyle A Mâ—ne of Lead Extreame cold the 25. of Iuly Abundance of driuing Ice Mount Misery A monstrous fogge August 24. A Ship and Pinnasse set forth The Assumption Much Ice 55. leagues from the North Cape Ice within 45. leagues of the North Cape A Beare on Ice 27. leagues from any land Iuly 2. Part of Cherie Iland in 74. degrees and â—5 minutes The floud commeth from the South-west The thirteenth of Iuly The nature of the Morses A great white Beare Seuen or eight hundred beasts slayne in sixe houres A great Frost the 24. of Iuly May 21. Ward-house Tipany Iune 13. Cherie Iland A Beare slaine Another Beare slayne Great heâ—te the 20. and 21. of Iune 1000. Morses killed in seuen houres Iuly 3. A Voyage set out by Master Duppa to Cherie Iland 1607. A liuing Morse brought into England Lofoot Zenam May 2. They arriue at Cherie Iland the 8. of May Fowle Three Beares Qualitie of Beares Feare a Traitor A Beare slaine 17. Beares in sight Young Beare-whelps A Beare slayn the skin wherof was 13. foot A third Beare slayne The tenth day Sixe Beares slayne All the Beares flâ—yed Frost the 16. of May. Snow Snow Fiue Seales Snow A ship of Hull Frosty wether Snow frost 26. Seales A Beare killed on the Ice Two young white Beares brought into England Iune 1. Frost The Hull man 20. leagues North-west off the Iland No fog in a moneths space The first thaw Fogges The Beares slaine on the North side Three Beares slaine powdered and eaten Possession taken of Cherie Iland for the Muscouie Company Drift wood on the East side The Coue. They feed on Beares flesh Nine Foxes found Three Mynes of Lead found on Gull-Iland Good Sea-coles found on the Iland Two Beares slaine An huge compasse of Ice Another Beare slaine Another Beare slaine Their Ship got in the second time The Matthew The Marie Margarite Iuly Logan and Edge Fowle their chiefest food in extreamitie A Beare slaine Another Beare slaine Snow and Frost Some Minerall Lead digged Aboue twentie Foxes eaten Dangers by the Ice l A warpe is a Rope commonly a Hawser vsed to warpe a ship that is with an Anchor bent to the Hawser and layd out to hale the ship forward which is done when they want wind to carrie out or into a Harbour m A Bitter is a turne of the Cable about the Bitts for when they come to Anchor they take a turne with it about the Bitts two mayne square pieces of Timber which stand Pillar wise in the loose of the ship to make fast the Cable vnto that they may by little and little vere it out at ease otherwise if a stopper faile the Cable would runne out end for end that is altogether but thus stopped the shippe is said to bee brought to a Bitter The Bitter end is that end of the Cable within boord at the Bites August Note An Iland May. The Iles of Shotland No variation 61. degrees 11. minutes The inclination of the Needle Iune 65. degrees 27. minutes 67. degrees 30. minutes Youngs Cape The Mount of Gods mercie Snow Note Land on their Larboord Many Fowles Much drift Ice * To loofe is to keepe close to the wind roomer coâ—t * To tacke the ship is to bring her head about to lye the other way Land not couered with Snow The Land of Hold with Hope in 73. degrees A mayne high Land 75. Degrees Land not farre off 76. degrees 38. minutes Greenland or Newland discouered 78. Degrees Vogel Hooke Temperatâ— ayre Iuly 78. degrees 4â— minutes The great Inlâ—t 78. Degrees 56. Minutes 78. degrees 33. minutes The shroudes and sayles frozen The mouth of the Inlet 77. degrees 30. minutes 78. degrees The end of the Sacke A Blacke and open Sea Much Drift-wood Many Seales Morses From hence it seemeth iâ— taken out of Hen. Hudsons owne Notes Blue and Greene Seas 79. degrees 17. minutes Sick of Beares flesh vnsalted 80. degrees Newland or Greenland of which the Hollanders hath made a little Discouerie by Barents as before is deliuered but neither so farre nor so exact nor so vsefull nor first as before is obserued of Sir H. Willoughbies English exactet Discoueries finding the Whale and Morse benefit they also enterloped Greene Sea freest of Ice and the Blue Sea Icie Collins Cape Whale danger A Sound is a greater and deeper indraught then a Bay Heat beyond 80. degrees Sunne 10. degrees 40. min. high about mid-night 81. degrees Land stretching into 82. degrees They returned Abundance of Seales 77. degr 26. m. Danger escaped Whales Bay Cherie Iland * I haue Robert Iuets Iournall also for breuitie omitted Aprill May. Lowfoot Sun 5. degrees 35. minutes at mid-night Iune North Cape Variation west 11. degrees Needles inclination 84. degrees and a halfe 74. degrees 30. minutes Darke blue Sea Mermaide seene and described Current Needles inclination 89. degrees and a halfe in 75. degrees 22. min. Beares roaring Store of Seals Sunne at mid-night high 7. degrees 40. minutes in 74. degrees 33. minutes Iuets notes tell of a sudden variation of the Compasse from the North to the East one point which had been two imediately before No passagâ— that way Swart Cliffeâ— They goe aâ— shoare Riuer and Iland Iuly