report of his malitious practises to bryng hymselfe and hys sonnes to the chiefe seate of gouernemente in the Kingdome or that of hatred such slaunders were reysed of him it may of some perhappes be doubted bycause that in the dayes of King Edwarde whiche was a soft and gentle Prince hee bare greate rule and authoritie and so mighte procure to himselfe euill report for euery thing that chanced amisse as oftentimes it commeth to passe in suche cases where those that haue greate doyngs in the gouernemente of the common wealthe are commonly euill spoken of and that now and theÌ„ without their gilt But truth it is that Goodwin beeing in authoritie both in the dayes of K. Edward and his predecessors did many thyngs as should appeare by Writers more by will than by law Hen. Hunt and so likewise did his sonnes vpo presumption of the great puissance that they and theyr father were of within the Realme Hee had to wife the sister of K. Cnute Editha of whome hee begate three sonnes as some write that is to saye Polidor Harrolde Biorne and Tostie also his daughter Editha the which he found meanes to bestowe in marriage vpon King Edward as before ye haue heard But other write VVil. Malm. that he had but one sonne by Cnutes sister the whiche in riding of a rough Horse was throwen into the Riuer of Thames and so drowned His mother also was striken with a thunderbolte and so perished worthely as is reported for hir naughty doyings She vsed to buy great numbers of yong persons and namely maides that were of any excellencie in beutie and personage y t which she sent ouer into Denmarke and there sold them to hir most aduantage After hir decesse as the same authours record Goodwin married another woman by whome he had issue sixe sonnes Suanus or Swayne Harrolde Tostie or Tosto Wilnote Gurth and Leofricke of them mention is and shall be further made as places conuenient shall serue thereto Shortly after in the yeare .1057 Aldred Bishop of Worceter was sente ouer vnto the Emperoure Henry the third to fetche Edwarde the sonne of Edmund Ironside into EnglaÌ„d whom King Edwarde was desirous to see meaning to ordeyne him heire apparante to the Crowne but he died the same yere after he was now returned into England Edward the outlaw departed this life This Edward was surnamed the outlawe his body was buryed at Westminster or as other say in y e Church of Saint Paule within London 1056 Leofricke Erle of Chester departed this life Ran. Higd. Mat. VVest The same yeare that is to witte in the seuenteenth or in the sixtenth yeare of King Edwards raigne as some write Leofricke the noble Earle of Chester or Mercia that was sonne to Duke Leofwine departed this life in his owne Towne of Bromeley the last day of August and was buried at Couentrie in the Abbey there which he had builded This Earle Leofricke was a man of greate honor wise and discret in all his doyngs His high wisedome and policie stoode the Realm in great steede whilest he liued He had a noble Lady to his wife named Gudwina at whose earnest sute he made the Citie of Couentrie free of all manner tolle Couentrie made free of tolle and custome except for Horses and to haue that tolle layde downe also his foresaide Wife rode naked through the middest of the Towne without other couerture saue only hir heare Moreouer partly â–ª moued by his owne deuotion and partly by the perswasion of that noble Lady his wife he builded or beneficially augmeÌ„ted and repared many Abbeyes and Churches as the saide Abbey or Priory at Couentrie the Abbeyes of Wenlocke Worceter Stone Eueshame and Leof beside Herford Also he buylded two Churches within the Citie of Chester Churches in Chester built the one called S. Iohns and the other Saint Werbrough The valew of y e iewels and ornaments which he bestowed on the Abbey Church of Couentrie was inestimable After Leofrickes death his sonne Algar was made Earle and entituled in all his landes and Seigniories In the yeare following to witte 1058. H. Hunt Algar Earle of Chester exiled the same Algar was accused again through malice of some enuious persons of treason so that he was exiled the land wherevppon he repared agayne vnto his old friend Griffin Prince of Northwales of whome hee was ioyfully receyued and shortly after by his ayde and also by the power of a nauie of Ships that by chaunce arriued in those parties at that selfe season vnlooked for out of Norway Sim. Dunel the said Algar recouered hys Earledome by force as some haue written King Edward about the twentith yere of his raine 1063 Sim. Dunel Math. VVest as then remayning at Glocester appoynted Earle Harrolde to inuade the Dominions of Griffin King of Wales Harrold taking with him a power of Horsemen made speed and came to Rutland and there brenned Griffins Palace and also his Shippes and then about midlent returned againe into England After this about the Rogation weeke Harrold eftsoones by the Kings commaundemente wente against the Welchmen and taking the Sea sayled by Bristowe round about the coast compassing in maner al Wales His brother Tostie that was Earle of Northumberland met him by appointment with an host of Horsemen and so ioyning togither Wales destroyed and harried by the Englishmâ—â— The Welchmen agree to pay their accustomed tribute they destroyed the countrey of Wales in suche sorte that the Welchmen were compelled to submit themselues to deliuer hostages and conditioned to pay the auntient tribute which before time they had payd And moreouer they renounced their Prince the forenamed Griffin so that he remayned as a banished person and finally about the fifth day of August they slewe him and sent his head to Earle Harrold 1064 VVil. Malm. Sim. Dunel Afterwards King Edward graunted y e rule of Wales vnto Blengent or Blethgent and Riuall Griffins two brethren whiche did homage vnto hym for the same and hadde serued vnder Harrold against their brother the foresaid Griffin There be that write that not onely Griffin but also another of his brethreÌ„ also called Rise was brought to his death by the manfull meanes and politike order of Earle Harrold VVil. Malm. and all the sauadge people of Wales reduced into the forme of good order vnder the subiection of King Edwarde Shortly after Harrold goeth ouer into Normandy Polidor Earle Harrolde chaunced to passe ouer into Normandy whether of happe or of purpose it is harde to define writers varry so much in report thereof Some write that he made earnest suite to King Edward to haue licence to goe ouer to see his brother Wilnote Edmerus and his nephewe Hacun which as yee haue heard were deliuered as pledges to Kyng Edwarde and sente into Normandy to remayne there with Duke William and at length with muche adoe gote leaue but yet he was told
right commodious possessions Moreouer he translated the Bishops Sea of Murthlake vnto Aberden for sundrie aduised considerations augmenting it with certaine reuenues as he thought expedient There goeth a fond forged tale A tale that this king Dauid being in the Castel of Edenburgh on the holy Rood day in Haruest otherwise called the Exaltation of the crosse it chauÌ„ced that through excyting of certaine yong Lordes and Gentlemen after he had beene at Churche hee tooke his Horse and rode foorth into the next wooddes to hunt the Harte for in those dayes all that countrey was full of Woods and wast grounds replenished with Deare and wilde beastes The Countrey about Edenburgh in olde time full of Wood. small tyllage as then beeing vsed in any part of the Realme for all the people in maner were giuen to breeding of Castell more than to any other trade of liuing This was in the same place where nowe springs a fountaine called the Rood Well There is no man that could tell of what matter this Crosse was made whether of mettall stone or of tree A dreame He was admonished also as the report goeth in his slepe the next night after that he should buylde an Abbay in the same place where thys chaunce happened Holy Rood house builded Wherupon he sent for workmen into Fraunce and Flaunders and set them in hande to buyld this Abbey of Chanons reguler as he was admonished dedicating it in the honor of the Crosse The foresayde Crosse remayned in this Abbey til the dayes of king Dauid Bruce who lost it to the English men at Durram field where he was takeÌ„ prisoner But inough of these MoÌ„kish deuises Many prudent men blame greatly the vnmeasurable liberalitie of king Dauid the which he vsed towardes the Churche Liberalitie in king Dauid toward the Church reproued in diminishing so hugely the reuenues of the Crowne beeing the cause that manye noble Princes his successours haue come to their final endes for that they haue beene constrayned through want of treasure to mainteyne their royall estates to procure the fall of sundrie great houses to possesse theyr landes and liuings Also to rayse paymentes and exactions of the common people to the vtter impouerishment of the realme And sometime haue they bene constrayned to inuade Englande by warres as desperate men not caring what came of their liues Otherwhiles haue they beene inforced to stampe naughtie money to the great preiudice of the common wealth All which mischiefes haue followed sithe the time that the Church hath beene thus enryched The Churche enriched and the crowne enpouerished The saying of king Iames the first A soer Saint and the crowne empouerished Therfore king Iames the first when he came to king Dauid his Sepulture at Dunfirmling he sayd that he was a soer Saint for the crown meaning that he left the Church ouer riche and the Crowne too poore For he tooke from the crowne as Iohn Maior wryteth in his Chronicles lx thousand pouÌ„d Scottish of yearely reuenues Io. Maior Lx. M. pounds in lands giuen to the church which he endowed those Abbayes with But if king Dauid had considered the maner how to nourish true religion he had neyther endowed Churches with such riches nor buylt them with such royall magnificence Superfluous possessions of the Church for the superfluous possessions of the Church as they are now vsed are not only occasion to euill Prelates to liue in moste insolent pompe and corruption of life but also an assured net to drawe all maner of gold and siluer out of the realme howbeit lesse domage would follow if the Abbays were at the prouision of their ordinaries without any dispensation from theyr habite and religion and the ordinaries to be placed and admitted by their prymate without exemption and the prymate by the councel prouincial For within these .lxx. yeares sayth the translator of Hector Boetius his Chronacles meaning from the time that he wrote 〈◊〉 whiche was aboute the yeare of our redemption .1530 no benefices at all were fetched from Rome â—…fices fetched from Rome saue onely Bishoprickes Sithe whiche time it is knowen wel inough sayth he what golde and siluer hath gone foorth of the realme for the purchasing of spirituall promotions And therfore it is as he also saith to be doubted least the realme shal be brought to irrecouerable pouertie by continuall promotion of Prelates within these fewe yeares Promotion of prelates so as it shal be an easie pray to the enimies sithe it may not sustayne so great charges nowe by reason hereof in time of warres as it hath done in the dayes of our elders Thus muche haue I taken foorth of the saide translators wordes and of Iohn Maior his booke touching the abuse of spirituall meÌ„s possessions the which both of them do earnestly lament with many moe woordes in the place before alledged where they make mencion of king Dauid his great munificeÌ„ce towards the church But nowe to returne where I left touching the historie ye shall note that as I sayde before king Dauid had by his wife Mauld inheritour to parte of Northumberland Cumberland and Huntington a sonne named Henry who maried the Erle of Warrannes daughter Earle of Waranne a lady of high parentage as discended of most noble bloud both French and English The issue of Henry On whom he begat three sonnes Malcolme William and Dauid also three daughters Adhama Margaret Maulde But now in the meane time whilest the astate of the common wealth in Scotland stood in high felicitie vnder the prosperous gouernmeÌ„t of king Dauid Queene Mauld deceasseâ— there happened to him an heauie losse for the Queene his wife the foresayd Mauld deceassed in hyr flourishing age a woman of passing beautie and chastitie whiche two poynts as is thought commende a woman aboue all the rest King Dauid therefore tooke suche griefe for hyr death that he woulde neuer after giue his minde to marie any other but passed the residue of his life without companie of all women She was buried in Scone in the yeare of our lorde God .1132 1132. Whilest these things came thus to passe in Scotland Henry Beauclerke king of England caused all the nobles of his realme to take theyr othes that after his deceasse they should receyue his daughter Mauld the Empresse for their soueraine Ladie and Queene Mauld the Empresse She was as then returned into England for hyr husbande the Emperoure was lately before deceassed King Dauid also tooke this othe King Stephan and therefore when king Stephan who vsurped the crowne of England after king Henries deceasse against the saide Empresse sent vnto king Dauid to come and to do his homage for the Erledomes of Northumberlande Homage is required Cumberlande and Huntington according as by his tenure he was bounde to do with intimation that if he refused king Stephan woulde inuade him with open warre King Dauid answeared that he
of his nobles at Hunâ—…en the twentith day of May and so sailed into Englande The king of Englande returneth home The Earle of VVarvvicke leauing behinde hym the Earle of Warwicke to haue the gouernment of all the men of warre which hee left beehinde hym eyther in Guyenne or in any other place on that side the sea There dyed in this iourney diuers noble men of this lande Tho. VVals The Frenche king goeth ouer to Callais as the Earles of Marche and Oxforde the Lorde Iohn Gray then Stewarde of Englande and the Lorde Geffrey de Say with diuers other The eigthe of Iulie nexte ensuyng the Frenche Kyng hauing licence to departe landed at Callais and was lodged in the Castel there abiding till the king of Englande came thither whiche was not till the ninthe daye of October nexte after On the foure and twentith day of October bothe the Kings beeyng in twoo trauerses and one Chappest at Calais The Kings receiue a solempne othe to see the peace performed a Masse was said before them and when they shuld haue kissed the paxe eyther of them in signe of greater friendshippe kissed the other and there they were solemnelye sworne to maynteyne the articles of the same peace and for more assuraunce therof manye Lordes of bothe partes were lykewise sworne to mainteine the same articles to the vttermost of their powers Whilest these kings lay thus at Callais there was greate banquetting and cheare made betwixt them Also the Duke of Normandie came from Bolongne to Calais The Duke of Normandie to visite his father and to see the King of Englande in which meane time twoo of King Edwardes sonnes were at Bolongne Finally when these twoo Kinges hadde finished all matters in so good order and forme that the same coulde not be amended nor corrected and that the Frenche King had deliuered his hostages to the Kyng of England that is to say six Dukes beside Erles Lords and other honorable personages in all to the number of eight and thirtie The number of the Frenche hostages On the morrowe after the taking of their othes that is to say on the fiue and twentith day of October beeyng Sonday the French King was freely deliuered and the same daye before noone hee departed from Calais and rode to Boloigne The Kyng of Englande brought hym a mile forewarde on his way and then tooke leaue of hym in moste louing manner The Prince attended hym to Bolloigne where bothe hee and the Duke of Normandie wyth other were eftsones sworne to holde and mainteine the forsaid peace without all fraude or colorable deceit And this done the Prince retourned to Callais Thus was the frenche King sette at libertie The Frenche King sette at libertie after hee hadde bin prisoner here in England the space of foure yeres and as muche as from the nineteenthe daye of September vnto the fiue and twenty of October When the King of Englande hadde finished his businesse at Callais according to his minde he retourned into Englande and came to London the ninth daye of Nouember Strange vvonders In this foure and thirtieth yeare of Kyng Edwarde men and cattell were destroyed in diuers places of this Realme by lightening and tempest also houses were sette on fier and brente and manye straunge and wonderfull sights sene The same yeare Edward prince of Wales maried the countesse of Kente whiche before was wyfe vnto the Lorde Thomas Hollande and before that she was also wife vnto the Earle of Salisburie and deuorsed from hym and wedded vnto the same Lorde Holland Shee was daughter vnto Edmund Earle of Kent brother to Kyng Edwarde the second that was beheaded in the beginning of this Kings raigne as before yee haue heard And bicause the Prince and shee were within degrees of consanguinitie forbidden to marry a dispensation was gotten from the Pope to remoue that lette A greate death In this yeare also was a greate deathe of people namely of men for weomen were not so muche subiect thereto This was called the seconde mortalitie bycause it was the seconde that fell in this Kings dayes Hen. Marl. The Primate of Ardmache departed this life This yeare also by the deathe of Richard Fitz Raufe Primate of Ardmache that departed this life in the Courte of Rome and also of Richard Kilminton deceassed here in Englande the discorde that hadde continued for the space of three or foure yeares betwixte them of the Clergie on the one parte and the foure orders of Friers on the other parte was nowe quieted and brought to ende 1â—…36 â—…ions â—…riuer Meriuth A â—…anâ—…â—…ight in the â—…e Moreouer this yeare appeared twoo Castelles in the aire of the whiche the one appeared in the Southeaste and the other in the Southweste out of whiche Castelles aboute the houre of noone sundry times were sene hosts of armed men as appeared to mannes sight issuing foorthe and that hoste whiche sallyed out of that castell in the Southeaste seemed white the other black They appered as they shoulde haue fought eyther agaynste other and firste the white had the vpper hand and after was ouercome Souldiours calâ—… the compaâ—… did much hurte in Fraunce so they vanished out of sight About the same time the souldiors whiche were discharged in FrauÌ„ce and out of wages by the breaking vp of the warres assembled togyther and did muche hurte in that Realme Froissart as in the frenche histories ye may reade Their chiefâ—…ders were Englishmen and Goscoins suâ—… to the king of England Anâ—… Aâ—… The King asseâ—… the estats of his realme in parliameÌ„t aâ—… Westminster in the feaste of the conuension of 〈◊〉 Paule and there was declared vnto them the tenor whole effect of the peace concluded beâ—…twixte England and Fraunce Caxton wherewith they were greatly pleased and herevpon the nobles of the realme and suche frenchemen as were hostages came togither at Westminster church on the first Sunday of Lent nexte following and there suche as were not alredy sworne reâ—… the othe for performaunce of the same peace iâ—… a right solemne manner hauyng the â—…our of their othes written in certaine scroles and after they had taken their othes vpon the SacrameÌ„t and masse booke they delyuered the same scrols vnto certain notaries apointed to receiue and register the same The mortalitie yet during that noble Duke Henry of Lancaster departed this life on the euen of the Aununtiation of our Ladie and was buryed at Leycester Iohn of Gaunt fourth son to the king who had maried his daughter the Lady Blanche as before yee haue hearde succeeded him in that Duchie as his heire in right of the said Lady Tho. VVaâ—… Ad. 〈◊〉 â—…riâ—… The same yere also died the lord Reignold Cobhain the lord Walter Fitz Warein and three Bishops Worceter London and Elie. This yeare vpon the .xv. 1â—…61 Caxton day of Ianuarie there rose suche a passing winde that the like had not bin heard
king also once in euery yere at certaine principall feastes whereat the king dyd vse to weare his crowne to repaire vnto him into Englande for the making of lawes which in those daies was done by y e noble meÌ„ or peres according to the order of France at this day To thich end he allowed also sundry lodgings in England to him his successours wherat to lye refreshe themselues in their tourneyes and finally a péece of ground lying beside the newe palace of Westminster vppon which this Keneth buylded a house that by him and his posteritie was enioyed vntill the reigne of King Henry the seconde in whose tyme vpon the rebellioÌ„ of William theÌ„ king of Scottes it was resumed into the king of Englands handes The house is decayed but the grounde where it stoode is called Scotlande to this day Moreouer Edgar made this lawe that no man shoulde succéede to his patrimonie or inheritaunce holden by knightes seruice vntill he accomplished the age of one and twentie yeares bycause by intendement vnder that age he shoulde not be able in person to serue hys king and countrey according to the tenour of his déede and the coÌ„dition of his purchase This lawe was receyued by the same Keneth in Scotlande and aswell there as in Englande is obserued to this day which prooueth also that Scotlande was then vnder hys obeysaunce In the yeare of our Lorde 1974. Kinalde king of Scottes Malcolin king of Cumbreland Macon king of Man and the Isles Duuenall bing of southwales Siferth and Howell kings of the rest of wales Iacob or Iames of Galloway and Iukill of westmerlande did homage to king Edgar at Chester And on the morow going by water to y e monastery of s Iohns to seruice and returning home againe y e said Edgar sitting in a barge stiering the same vpon the water of Dée made the sayd kings to rowe y e barge saying that his successors might well be ioyefull to haue the prerogatiue of so great honour and the superiority of so many mightie princes to be subiect vnto their monarchie Edward the sonne of this Edgar was next king of Englande in whose tyme this Keneth kyng of Scots caused Malcolme prince of Scotlande to be poysoned wherupon king Edwarde made warre agaynst him which ceassed not vntill this Keneth submitted himselfe and offered to receyue him for prince of Scotlande whome king Edward woulde appoint herevpon Edwarde proclaymed one Malcolme to be prince of Scotlande who immediately came into Englande and there dyd homage vnto the same King Edwarde Etheldred brother of thys Edwarde succéeded next ouer Englande against whome Swayn kyng of Denmarke conspired with this last Malcolme then king of Scots But shortly after this Malcolme sorowfully submitted himself into the defence of Etheldred who considering how that which coulde 〈◊〉 be amended must only be repented benignelye receyued him by helpe of whose seruice at last Etheldred recouered hys realme againe out of the handes of Swayn and reigned ouer the whole Monarchy eyght thirtie yeares Edmund surnamed Ironside sonne of this Etheldred was next king England in whose tyme Canutus a Dane inuaded the realme with much crueltie but at last he marryed w t Emme sometime wyfe vnto Etheldred and mother of this Edmund which Emme as arbitratrix betwéene hir naturall loue to the one and 〈…〉 procured such 〈…〉 them in the ende that 〈…〉 the realme with Canutus kéeping to himselfe all 〈…〉 all the râ—… 〈…〉 Humber with the seignorie of Scotlande to this Canutus â–ª whervpon Malcolme then king of Scottes after a little customable resistâ—…nce dyd homage to the same Canutus for kingdome of ScotlaÌ„d and thus the sayde Canutus helde the same ouer of this Edmond king of Englande by the lyke seruices This Canutus in memorie of his victorie and glorie of his seignorie ouer the Scottes commaunded this Malcolme their king to buylde a Church in Bâ—…hâ—…haâ—… in Scotland where a fielde betwéene him and them waâ—… fought to be dedicate to Olâ—…uâ—… patrone of Norway and Denmark which Church was by the same Malcolme accordingly perfourmed Edwarde called the confessour sonne of Etheldred and brother to Edmond Ironside was afterward king of england He toke froÌ„ Malcolme king of Scottes his lyfe and hys kingdome and made Malcolme sonne to the king of Cumbrelande and Northumbrelandâ—… king of Scottes who dyd him hâ—â—age and fealtie Thys Edwarde perused the olde lawes of the realme and somewhat added to some of them as to the lawe of Edgar for the wardshippe of the landes vntyll the heirs shoulde accomplishe the age of one twentie yeares he added that the marryage of such heire shoulde also belong to the Lorde of whom the same lande was holden Also that euery woman marrying a frée man shoulde notwithstanding she had no children by that husbande enioye the thirde part of his inheritaunce during hir lyfe with many other lawes which the same Malcolme king of Scottes obeyed And which aswel by them in Scotlande as by vs in Englande be obserued to this day and directly prooueth the whole to be then vnder his obeysaunce By reason of this law Malcolme the sonne of Duncane next inheritour to the crowne of Scotlande being within age was by the nobles of Scotlande deliuered as warde to the custome of this king Edwarde during whose minoritie one Makebeth a Scot trayterously vsurped the crowne of Scotland against whom this king Edward made warre in which the said Makebeth was ouercome and slayne whervpon y e said Malcolme was crowned king of Scottes at Stone in the viij yere of the reigne of this king Edward Thys Malcolme by 〈◊〉 of the sayde nâ—… 〈…〉 of wardship was marryed vnto Margarâ—â— the daughter of Edward sonne of Edmond Ironside and Agatha by the disposition of the same king Edward and at his ful age dyd homage to this king Edward for this kingdome of Scotland Moreouer Edwarde of Englande hauing 〈…〉 of his body and mistrusting that Marelde the sonne of 〈…〉 of the daughter of Harolde Hâ—â—efoote 〈…〉 worlde 〈…〉 the raâ—…ne if he should 〈◊〉 it to his cosin Edgar Edâ—â—â—g being theÌ„ within age and 〈◊〉 by the peticion of his 〈◊〉 â—â—ctes â—…â—…ho before had â—…rne neuer to receiue 〈…〉 writing as all 〈◊〉 clergy writers affirme 〈◊〉 the crowd of great Britaine vnto William their duke of Normandie and to his heires constituting hâ—… his heire testamentarie Also there was proximiteâ—… in bloude betwéene theÌ„ for Emme daughter of Richarde duke of Normandye was wife vnto Etheldred 〈◊〉 whom he begat Aâ—â—red and able Edwardâ—… and this William was sonne of Robert sonne of Richarde brother of the whole bloud to in the same Eâ—â—e whereby appeareth that this William was Heire by tytle and not by 〈◊〉 albeit that partly to extinguish the mistrust of other tytles and partely for the glory of hys 〈◊〉 he chalenged in the ende the name of a 〈◊〉 hath bene so written euer fithâ—…s his aâ—…riâ—…ll This king William called the
shée was deade and gone did name the Mertian statutes Who turned them into latine as yet I doe not read howbeit as I said before of the lawes of Mulmutius so the same Alfrede caused those of thys excellently well learned Lady whome dyuers coÌ„mende also for hir great knowledge in the Gréeke tong to bée turned into hys owne language wherevpon it came to passe that they were dailye executed among hys subiectes afterwarde allowed of among the rest by the Normans and finally remaine in vse in these dayes notwithstanding that we can not disseuer them very redily from the other The 7. alteratioÌ„ of lawes was practised by the Saxons for I ouerpasse the lawes made by the Romaines whose order do partly remaine in publike notice vnder y e names of the mercian â—…ercian 〈◊〉 â—…xon 〈◊〉 â—…ne law and the Saxon Lawe Beside these also I reade of the Danelawe so that the people of middle england were ruled by the first the west Saxons by the seconde as Essex Norffolke Suffolke Cambridgshire and part of Herford shyre were by the third of al the rest the most inequal intollerable Among other things also vsed in the time of y e Saxons it shal not be amysse to set downe the forme of their Ordalian law which they brought hither with them from beyonde the Seas and vsed onely in the tryall of giltye and vngiltinesse Certes it conteyned not an ordinary procéeding by dayes and termes as in the Ciuile and common lawe we sée practised in these dayes but a shorte dispatch and tryall of the matter by fyre or water whereof at this present I wil deliuer the circumstance as I haue faithfully translated it out of an auncient volume and conferred wyth a prynted coppie lately published by M. Lambert nowe extaunt to be redde The Ordalian saith the aforesayd authour was a certaine maner of purgation vsed two wayes whereof the one was by fire the other by water In th execution of that which was done by fire the party accused shoulde go a certaine number of paces with an hote péece of yron in his hande or else bare footed vpon certaine plough shares redde hotte according to the maner This Iron was sometime of one pounde weight and then was it called single Ordalium sometimes of three then named treble Ordalium and whosoeuer did beare or treade on the same without hurt of his body he was adiudged giltlesse otherwyse if his skin were scorched he was foorthwith condemned as gylty of the trespasse wherof he was accused There were in lyke sorte two kinds of triall by y e water that is to say either by hote or colde in this tryall the partye thought culpeable was eyther tumbled into some pond or huge vessel of colde water wherein if he continued for a season without wrestling or strugling for lyfe he was foorthwyth acquited as giltlesse of the facte whereof hée was accused but if he beganne to plunge labor once for breath immediately vpon his falling into that lyqour he was by and by condemned as gilty of the crime Or else he did thurst his arme vp to the shoulder into a leade copper or Caldron of séething water from whence if he withdrewe the same without any maner of damage he was discharged of farder molestation otherwyse hée was taken for a trespasser and punished accordingly The fiery maner of purgation belonged onely to noble men and women and such as were frée borne but the husbandmen and villaines were tryed by water whereof to shewe the vnlearned dealing and blynde ignoraunce of those times it shall not bée impertiment to set foorth the whole maner which continued here in England vntill the time of King Iohn who séeyng the manifold subtilties in the same did extinguish it altogither as flat lewdenesse and bouerye The Rubrik of y e treatize entereth thus Here beginneth y e execution of Iustice whereby the giltie or vngiltie are tried by hote Iron TheÌ„ it followeth After accusatioÌ„ lawfully made and thrée dayes spent in fasting and prayer the Priest being cladde in all his holly vestâ—…es sauing his vestiment shall take the Iron layde before the alter with a payre of tongues and singing the himme of the thrée children that is to saye O all yée wookes of God the Lorde and in latine Benedicite omnia opera c. he shall cary it solemly to y e fire already made for y e purpose first say these words ouer the place where y e fire is kindled wherby this purgation shall bée made in latin as insueth Benedic domine deus locum istum vt sit nobis in eo sanitas sanctitas castitas virtê° et victoria et sanctimonia humilitas bonitas lenitas et plenitudo Legis et obedieÌ„tia deo patri et filio etspiritui sancto Hec Benedictio sit super hunc locum et super omnes habitantes in eo in English Blesse thou O Lorde this place that it may be to vs health holynesse chastity vertue and victory purenesse humilitie goodnesse gentlenesse and fulnesse of the lawe and obedience to God the father the sonne the holy ghost This blessing be vpon this place and all that dwel in it Then followeth the blessing of the fire Domine deus pater omnipotens lumen indeficiens exaudi nos quia tu es conditor omnium luminum Benedic domine hoc lumen quod aute sanctificatum est qui illuminasti omneÌ„ hominem venientem in hunc munduÌ„ vel mundum vt ab eo lumine accedamur igne claritatis tuae sicut igne illuminasti Mosen ita nunc illumina corda nostra et sensus nostros vt ad vitam eternam mereamur peruenire per christum c. Lord God father almightie light euerlasting heare vs sith y u art the maker of all lyghtes Blesse O Lord this light y t is already sanctified in thy sight which hast lightned all men that come into the worlde or the whole worlde to the ende that by the same lyght we may be lightned wyth the shining of thy brightnesse As thou diddest lighten Moyses so nowe illuminate our hearts and our senses that we may deserue to come to euerlasting lyfe thorowe Christ our c. Thys beyng ended let him saye the pater noster c. then these wordes Saluum fac seruum c. Mitte ei auxilium deus c. De Sion tuere eum c. Dominus vobiscuÌ„ c that is O Lorde saue thy seruant c. Sende him helpe O God froÌ„ thy holy place defende him out of Syon c. Lorde here c. The Lorde be with you c. The prayer Benedic domine sancte pater omnipotens deus per inuocationem sanctissimi nominis tui et per aduentum fihj tui atque per donum spiritus paracleti ad manifestaÌ„dum verum iudicium tuum hoc genus metalli vt sit sanctificatum et omni demonum falsitate procul remota veritas veri iudicij tui fidelibus
tyll they came to ioyne at hande strokes and then preassed eche syde vpon hys counterparte wyth Swordes Axes and other hand weapons right egrely VVil. Mal. Mat. VVest Some of the Englishe men got them to the height of an hill and beate backe the Normans that forced themselues to wynne the hill of them so that it was long ere the Normans could preuaile beeing oftentymes driuen downe into the bottom of the valley beneath At length the English men perceyuing themselues to bee ouermatched and beaten downe on euerye side The English men put to fight and therevnto greatlye discouraged wyth slaughter of theyr King beganne first to giue ground and after to scatter and to runne away so that well was him that might then escape by flight after that they had fought the most part of all that Saterday Eron de Bello VVil. Geme VVil. Malm. The Normās fall into a ditch The Normans followed the chafe with suche egre rashnesse that a great number of them falling with theyr Horses and armour into a blinde ditche shadowed with Reede and Sedges which grewe therein were smouldred and pressed to death ere they coulde be succoured or get any reliefe The next day the Normans fell to gathering in the spoyle of the fielde burying also the deade bodies of their people that were slaine at the battaile gyuing licence in semblable maner to the English men to doe the like Of the death of Harolde diuerse report diuersly Giral Camb. insomuch that Girald Cambren sayth how after king Harold had receyued many woundes and lost his left eye hee fledde from the fielde vnto the Citie of Westchester and liued there long after an holy life as an Anker in the Cell of S. Iames fast by Saint Iohns Church and there made a godly ende But the saying of Girald Cambren in that poynt is not to be credited bycause of the vnlikely hoode of the thing itselfe VVil. Mal. Hen. Hunt Mat. VVest and also generall consent of other wryters who affyrme vniuersally that he was killed in the battayle first beeyng stryken through the left eye by the scull into the brayne with an arrow wherevpon falling from his horse to the grounde hee was slaine in that place after hee had reigned nine Monethes and nine dayes as Floriacens◅s doth report He was a man of a comely stature Floriac Simon Dun. and of a haute courage and albeit that for his valyancie he was highly renowned and honoured of all men yet through his pryde and Ambition he lost the hartes of many Hen. Hunt Polidor The Chronicles of Normandie haue of Englishmen slaine 67974. and of Normans 6013. There was slaine in this battaile besides king Harolde and his two brethren Gyrth and Leofrike what on the one side and on the other aboue twentie thousande menne And finally hereby the bloud of the Saxons ceassed to raigne in Englande after they had continued possession of the same from the fyrst comming of Hengist which was about the yeare of our Sauiour .450 alias .449 vntill that present yeare of King Harolds death 1066 which chaunced in the yeare .1066 So that from the beginning of Hengist hys raigne 616 vnto Haroldes death are reckened .616 yeares or after some 617. as by supputation of the time will easily appeare By all the which time there raigned kings of the Saxons bloud within this lande except that for the space of .xx. yeares and somewhat more the Danes had the dominion of the Realme in their possession for there are reckened from the begynning of King Suenois reigne which was the first Dane that gouerned England vnto the last yeare of King Hardicnute the last Dane that ruled here .xxviij. yeares in whiche meane space Egelred recouering the Kingdome reigned two yeares and after him his sonne Edmonde Ironside continued in the rule one yeare so that the Danes had the whole possession of the lande but .xxv. yeares in all The bodie of king Harold is buried at Waltham The bodie of king Harolde being founde among other slaine in the fielde was buryed at Waltham within the monasterie of the holye Crosse which her before had founded endowed to the behoofe of futhe Canons as he had placed there with fayre possessions Verily as some wryters haue reported there was nothing in this manne to bee in any wyse dispraysed if his ambitious mynde coulde haue been stayed from coueting the Kingdome and that hee could haue beene contented to haue liued as a subiect Ex. 6. libro Policraticon siue de nugis tutialium ◅oh◅n Sarisb Among other manifest proufes of his highe valiancie this is remembred of him that beeing sent agaynst the Welchmen as before is partly mentioned hee knowing theyr readie nymblenesse in seruice and howe with their light armed menne they were accustomed to annoy and distresse those that shoulde assayle them hee likewise to matche them prouided light armed men for the purpose and so being furnished with suche bandes of nymble men and light Souldiers hee entered vpon the Mountaynes of Snowdone and there remayned amongest the enimyes for the space of two yeares Hee sore afflicted the Welche Nation tooke their Kings and sent theyr heades vnto the King that sent him aboute this businesse and proceeding in suche rigorous manner as mighte moue the hearers to lament and pitie the case hee caused all the masle kinde that might be mette with to be miserably slaine and so with the edge of his sworde he brought the Countrey to quiet and wythall made this lawe that if anye Welcheman from thencefoorth shoulde presume to passe the limittes ouer Offes ditch with any weapon about him he should lose his right hand To conclude by the valiant conduct of this Chieftaine the Welche men were then so sore brought vnder that in maner the whole Nation might seeme to faile and to be almost vtterly destroyed And therefore by permission of the king of England the women of Wales ioyned themselues in mariage with English men But to returne where we left Nowe forsomuch as it pleased God by hys hidde and secrete iudgemente so to dispose the Realme of Englande and in suche wise as that the gouernaunce thereof shoulde fall after thys maner into the handes of William duke of Normandie I haue thought good before I enter further into this Historie beeing nowe come to the conquest of the Realme made by the foresayde Duke of Normandie to set down his pedigrew thereby to shewe howe he discended from the first Duke of that Countrey who was named Rollo and after by receyuing baptisme cleped Robert The sayde Rollo or Rou was sonne to a greate Lorde in Denmarke called Guyon who hauing two sonnes the sayde Ron and Gourin and being appoynted to depart the Countrey as the lottes fell to him and other according to the maner there vsed in time when their people were encreased to a greater number than the Countrey was able to sustaine refused to obey that order
was slain by chaunce through glauncing of an arrow shot at a Deare in y e new Forest then hoping to succeed him in the kingdome of England he preferred that honor to the other wherein he sawe to be more trauaile than gaine Henrie Beauclerke king of Englande But at his comming home he found that his yongst brother Henrie surnamed Beauclerke was placed in the kingdome of England and so was Duke Robert his hope frustrate of both the kingdomes and that worthily as moste men thought for that he refused so necessarie a dignitie wherein he might haue serued the common cause of the christian common wealth Maude king Edgars sister Vnto Henry Beauclerke in the seconde yeare of his raigne king Edgar maried the one of hys sisters called Maulde The other named Marie hee coupled wyth Eustace Earle of Bulloigne Eustace Earle of Bulloigne Of the whiche mariage was borne a daughter that was the only heyre of the same Eustace in the Countie of Bulloigne the which when she came to womans state was maried vnto Stephen Earle of March in England of Mortaigne in France Nephew to Henrie Beauclerke by his sister The king of Englande Henrie had issue by Queen Mauld two sonnes and two daughters William and Richard Eufamie and Maulde But now to returne to king Edgar to shew some token of thanks towards saint Cutbert for his ayd shewed as was thought in the battaile agaynst his vncle Donalde The landes of Coldingham Canulph Bishop of Durham he gaue vnto the Monkes of Durham the lands of Coldingham and to the Bishop of Durham called Canulph he gaue the towne of Berwike but for that the same Bishop wrought afterwardes treason agaynst him he lost that gyft and the king resumed that towne into his handes againe I do not finde that Edgar had any warres any way forth during all the time of his raigne Edgar rather reuerenced than dred a prince rather reuerenced than dred amongst hys subiects for his singular equitie vpright dealing He departed out of this life at Dundee in the ix yeare of his raigne 1107. Io. Ma. 1109. H. B and after the byrth of our Sauiour 1107. AFter the decease of this Edgar succreded his brother Alexander the fierce so called for his rigorous valiancie in pursuing of theeues and robbers Alexander In the beginning of his raigne the inhabitants of Murrey lande and Rosse beholding him to bee moste an ende in the Church at his prayers and diuine seruice after the maner of his parents supposed he would proue no great quick iusticier in punishing offenders therupon most presumptuously they began to rob and reaue on eche side Theues of Murrey land and Rosse not sparing to kill and slea all suche as came in their handes without respect to age or sexe in somuche that the yong infants smyling vpon the murtherers beeing aboute to execute their detestable crueltie The crueltie of theeues passed by the Sworde as well as the resysters suche rooted malice remayned in theyr beastly heartes which vpon renuing theyr olde grudges they now accordingly shewed King Alexander therefore aduertised hereof came into those parties with a competent armie Execution and apprehending the chiefe authours and captaynes stroke of their heades As he returned backe through the Mernes there came a woman vnto him weeping in lamentable sorte who fell vppon hir knees at his feete beseeching him to pitie hir case hauing lost both hir husbande and sonne The Earle of Mernes sonne by the tyrannous crueltie of the maister of Mernes who for that they had called him afore a iudge in an action of debt had slaine and murthered as well the one as the other The king moued with this detestable kinde of iniurie lyght beside his Horse and woulde not alight vp againe A righteous Iusticier till hee had seene the Authour of that heynous trespasse hanged vppon a Gybet After this comming into Gourie The Castell of Baledgar hee tooke in hande to finishe and make vp the Castell of Baledgar the foundation whereof his brother Edgar had begun that it might be an ayde to chastice a sort of theeues robbers which haunted the Wooddes thereaboutes to the great disquiet of all the Countrey He gaue also to the maintenance of that house certain landes which the Earle of Gowrie had giuen him at the Fout stone when he became his godfather Whilest he was thus busie about the furtherance of that worke diuerse of those theeues that were acustomed to liue by robberies in those parts perceiuing that this castell which the king was about to build shoulde turne vnto their destruction Treason of conspirators to haue slaine the king they conspired his death winning by rewards promises the help of the kings chamberlain to the accōplishing of their traiterous and most diuelishe practises they entered one night through a priuie into his lodging in purpose to haue slaine him as he had slept in his bed chāber but he by Gods prouidence hauing knowledge of their cōming started out of his bed caught a sword which hung neare at hand wherewith he slue first his chamberlain that had brought them in The kings manhood and then dispatched a six of the other traitors which were alreadie entred his chamber with singular force manhood the other fearing least with the noyse his seruants that lodged within the house should haue bin raised so haue hasted to assaile thē on the backs fled in all hast possible Neuerthelesse suche pursute was made after them that many of them were apprehended and vpon their examination beeing brought before the king they declared plainly howe they were encouraged to worke that treason whiche they had gone aboute by sundrie great Barons and gentlemen of the countrey Finally the matter was so handled with them that they disclosed the names of those that had thus procured them to the treason Wherevpon the king gathering an army The water of Spay he marched forth to pursue them but before he came vnto the water of Spay the conspirators had gotten togither their power were lodged on the further side of the same water to stop him from passing ouer Sir Alexander Carron The king seeing them thus assembled to impeach his passage sent his Banner man sir Alexander Carron with a chosen part of his army to passe the water The Rebels are vāquished and to fight with his enimies where by the hardie onset of the sayde sir Alexander they were quickly put to flight many of them that were taken in the chase suffered death according as they had well deserued The realme after this execution done of these offenders continued many yeares after in good tranquilitie This Alexander Carron also for that he was seene in the kings sight that day to fight moste manfully in sleaing diuers of the rebelles with a crooked sworde whiche he had in his hande of whiche sort many
perceyued no comfort to recouer his lands he got liceneâ—… with muche adoe to returne home so coÌ„myng backe into EnglaÌ„d passed through the realme with his nobles into Scotland wher he applied his whole endeuour to vnderstande the state of the coÌ„mon wealth of his subiectes and specially he took order in moste diligente wyse to punishe cruelties done by theeues and robbers King WilliaÌ„s zeale of iustice which vndoubtedly was one of the most profitable acts that he could deuise to accomplishe at that present considering the state of his realme as it then stoode For if the domages and skathes coÌ„mitted by theeues and robbers were equally pondered with the hurtes and hinderances whiche dayly growe by open warre against any forein nation ScotlaÌ„de more endomaged by domesticall theeues than by forain enimies it may well appeare that more harme ariseth and more heynous cruelties are exercised agaynst the poore and miserable commons and innocent people by such as liue by reife and spoyling at home than by any outward enimies be they neuer so fearce and strong in the field And therefore the prudente consideration of this prince was no lesse to be commeÌ„ded in that hee sought to represse the licentious outrage of such errant theeues and priuie murtherers than if he had slayne many thousandes of forraine enimies When he hadde once clensed the Realme of those misgouerned persons Ambassadours sente to king Henry he sent eftsoones hys Ambassadours to King Henry requiring as before to haue NorthumberlaÌ„d restored vnto him with notice giuen that if he mighte not haue it with fauour hee woulde assay to recouer it by force King Henry perceyuing that he must eyther satisfye King Williams request See more ther of in England eyther else haue open warres with the Scottes by aduice of hys nobles restored to king Willyam so muche of Northumberland as his grandfather king Malcolme had in possession King William accepted the offer A portion of Northumberlande restored to the Scottes King WilliaÌ„ receyueth a piece of Northumberlande with his right saued to the residue King Henrye repeÌ„ting him selfe of that whiche he had deliuered to the Scots seekes new occasions of ware but so as he protested that he receyued not that part in ful recompence of the whole whiche was due vnto him so saye the Scottishe writers but so as his entier right might always be saued as wel to the residue as to that which was then restored Within fewe yeares after king Henry feeling what hynderance it was for him to forbeare the commodities of those landes whiche were thus deliuered vp to the Scottishe kings vse repented him of that bargaine and therfore to find some occasion to recouer the same again he procured his subiectes that dwelled vpon the bordures to make forrayes into the landes perteyning to the Scottes so to prouoke them to battayle Complaint of these iniuries beyng broughte vnto the wardeyn of the Scottishe bordure 〈◊〉 with Englande by such Scottes as had loste suche goodes as wâ—â—e taken away by the Englishmen â–ª he seâ—… to demaunde restitution but for so muche as â—…e could haue no towardly aunswere â–ª he got together a great number of men the which entring into the Englishe grounde did muche hurt on eche side where they came At the same time was king Henry in France and therefore the Englishmen thoughte it sufficient to defend themselues as wel as they might withoute attemptyng anye notable enterprise in reuenge of these displeasures doone by the Scottes Harnest was also at hande and therevppon they ceassed on eyther parte from further inuasions tyll the wynter season whyche passed also without any exployte atchieued worthy to be remembred sauing certaine small roades made by the Scottes into the Englishe bordures as they sawe occasion to serue thereto â—…ing WilliaÌ„â—…deth Cumberlande But in the sommer nexte followyng kyng Willyam reysed a myghtie armie and came with the same into Cumberland the right wing of the whyche armye was ledde by Gileriste whose approued valiauncie often shewed in the tyme of king Malcolme had aduaunced hym to mary with the kings sister The leste wyng was assigned vnto the conducte of one Rowlande the kings cousin who was also lieutenant of the horsemen The middle warde or battaile the king hymselfe ledde The Englishmen to the intente they mighte haue tyme and leysure to assemble their power The offer of the EnglishmeÌ„ sente vnto kyng Willyam offering vnto him not only large summes of money if he woulde returne back with his armie without further inuasion but also redresse of all manner of iniuries and wrongs if any suche on theyr behalfe were to bee proued The answer of king William but king Willyam for answere herevnto declared that hee had not begun the warre for any desire he had to money neyther had he fyrst giuen the occasion as one that was euer willing to lyue vpon his own so that if they could be contented to restore Northumberlande being his rightfull heritage he was not so desyrous of bloud but that he would gladly ceasse from all further attempts The Englishmen hauing receyued this aunswere to the ende they myght protract the tyme in sendyng styll to and fro tyll they myghte espye some occasyon to woorke suche feate as they had imagined addressed foorth other ambassadours vnto king William wyth dyuers fayre offers and golden promises In the meane tyme to take the Scottishe men at some aduaÌ„tage they câ—…oâ—…y their whole power in the â—…ighte season neere vnto the place where the same Scottishemen laye in Caâ—…pâ—… The Englishemen seeke by policie to vanquishe the Scottes and deuiding them selues into two partes the one was appoynted to abide in the fields tyl the sunne were vp and then to shew themselues to the enimies to trayn them forth to battail The other companyâ—… vnslayd closely in a valley not far off to 〈◊〉 the aduauntage as they saw their tyme. In the morning aâ—…out the rising of the sunne those that were appoynted to procure the skirmishe approched so neere â—…n the enimies campe tyl they came euen within syght of them The Scottes amazed with the strangenesse of the thyng for that they had not heard before of any assemble of the Englishmen at the â—…ste were somewhat afrayde but anone encouragyng one another they boldly issued foorth vppon theyr enimies The Englishe men retyre of purpose who of purpose at the firste made but weake resistance and at length fledde a mayne to the intente to cause the Scottishemen to breake their arraye of batayle in pursuing them whyche they did so egrely The king lefte but weakely garded that they lefte their kyng but sunderly guarded with a small companie aboute hym Then the bushment lyuing in the valey brake foorthe vppon hym according to the order before appoynted and in the meane tyme the other that fledde caste themselues aboute and manly abode their enimyes for earnestly laying it to their charge that in fine
King Williams raigne two Monkes of the Trinitie order were sent into Scotlande by Pope Innocent vnto whome King William gaue his Palace royall in Abirdene to conuert the same into an Abbay for them to inhabite and was in minde to haue gyuen them many other bountifull giftes if he had liued any longer time The King himselfe and all his seruants also were clothed in mourning weed A Parliament at Edenburgh during the space of one whole yeare The first Parliament which he called was holden at Edenbourgh in the whiche he confyrmed all the actes and ordinaunces deuised by his father Confirmation of Officers and further appoynted that all suche as had borne offices vnder him should still enioy the same Namely he commaunded that William Wood Bishop of Dunblayne shoulde still continue Lord Chancellour The office of the Constable and Alane of Galloway high Constable which is an office of most honor and reputation next to the king as hee that hath power of life and death if any man drawe bloud of an other by violence within two myles of the Court. When this Parliament was ended bycause the olde Queene his mother determined to remayne during the residue of hir life in the place where that holye woman Queene Margaret sometyme led hir lyfe he gaue vnto hir towards the maintenaunce of hir estate The landes of Forfair giuen to the olde Queene the Castelles and townes of Forfair with the landes and possessions to the same belonging He also appoynted certaine sage and moste graue personages to be chosen forth as Iudges A princely appointment which should be resident in euerie Citie and good towne of his realme for the hearing and due determining of all quarels and matters in controuersie betwixt partie and partie Dissention betwixt K. Iohn his nobles In this meane time great dissention rose betwixt Iohn king of Englande his barons by reasō wherof great warres ensued as in the english hystorie doth appeare The Barons made sute both to the french king to y e king of Scots for ayd so that at length Lewes the french kings sonne came ouer to support them whereof when king Alexander was aduertised K. Alexander passeth to London he likewise came with an army through England vnto London causing his soldiers by the way to abstaine from doing any kinde of domage to the people By his comming things were partly quieted for a time and shortly after that he had cōmuned with Lewes touching sundrie affayres perteyning to both the realmes they passed the Seas with ten vessels ouer into France leauing theyr powers behind them to assist the English lords The Frenche king aduertised thereof came down to Bulleigne where finding his sonne and king Alexander he renued the auncient bonde of amitie betwixt France and Scotlande The league betwixt Fraunce and Scotlande renued with the same Alexander according to the couenantes of the olde league with this addition that neyther Prince shoulde receyue the enimies of the others realme nor to marry with any stranger the one not making the other priuie thereto The best approued wryters affyrme that Lewes wēt not ouer into France til after the death of king Iohn These things being ratified king Alexander and Lewes returned into Englande shortly wherevpon king Iohn died more through anguish of minde and melancholy that by force of any other naturall disease His sonne Henrie the thirde of that name succeeded him and in the meane time had the Pope accursed both Lewes Lewes king Alexander cursed king Alexander with all those that fauored their cause against king Iohn which curse was pronounced in a generall counsell which was holden at Rome by Pope Innocent A counsell at Rome there being present foure hundred and .xij Bishops and .viij. C. Abbots King Alexander after the decease of king Iohn returning homewardes with his armie thought he might haue passed quietly without any annoiance by the way King Alexander returneth into his countrey through meanes whereof hee lost a certaine number of his men being sodenly inuaded by such English men as watched theyr time to take the Scottes at some aduauntage in straying abrode out of order with which iniurie king Alexander was so moued that hee spoyled and harried all the Countreyes by the which hee passed till he was entred within the confines of his owne dominion Shortly after Cardinall Guale came into England furnished with the Popes authoritie to denounce the excōmunication aboue remembred against Lewes Alexander with all their fautors wherevpon he accursed not only the foresaid persons Cardinall Gualo but also interdited all the places where they came insomuch that in the end Lewes was constrayned to buy an absolution with no small summes of money of that anaricious Cardinall Gualo and after vpō agreement also made with king Henrie he returned into France Lewes returneth into France Not long after came king Henrie with an army into Scotland sore endomaging the coūtry King Henrie inuadeth Scotlande but so soone as he was aduertised that king Alexander had assembled all the power of his realme to giue him battaile he retyred with al speed into England Ex codice antiquo S. Albani written by Mathew Paris as I take it The king of Englande had in his army at the same time 1200. men of armes right perfitly appointed and furnished with armor and weapon as was requisite and the king of Scots but only .v. C. But of footemen there were in the Scottish army 60000. able personages well appoynted with Ares Speares and Bowes readie to die and liue with their Prince constantly beleeuing that to lose this present life here in his defence was an assured way to be saued in an other worlde After that King Henrie was gone backe into Englande K. Alexander in Northumberland King Alexander followed after him into Northumberland where he ouerthrew and beate downe many Castels and strengthes which the English men helde Then marching through the countrey vnto Carleil he wan that Citie Carleil wonne by the Scots and garnished it with his people After this laying siege vnto Norham castel when hee had continued at the same a certaine time and perceiued how he lost but his trauail he left it returned home with great honor and triumph for his other atchieued enterprises in that iourney King Henrie being once aduertised that king Alexander had broken vp his campe incontinently got eftsoones his people togither Barwike won by K. Henrie comming to Barwike wanne both the towne and Castel After entring into Scotland he burned and spoyled the coūtrey alongst by the sea coasts till he came as far as Hadington Haddington putting al such to the sword as were found in the way women priestes and children onely excepted He assayed to haue wonne the Castel of Dunbar but missing his purpose there he returned into Englande In the meane time the auaritious Prelate Gualo vppon
Donalde himselfe was taken prisoner Thus king Robert through fauour of prosperous fortune obteyning the victorie in sundrie conflicts came with an armie into Argyle Argyle subdued by King Robert This was An. 1â—…09 as Iohn Maior hath and not onely subdued the Countrey to his obeysance but also tooke Alexander Lorde of Argyle out of a strong Castel in that Countrey and banished him with all his friendes into Englande where shortly after he deceassed In the yeare next following king Edwarde came with an armie into Scotlande where ioyning with an other armie of Scottes that were assembled readie to ayde him King Edwarde commeth into Scotlande Anno 1310. as should â—…eme by â—…o Ma. he passed through the countrey vnto Ranfrew and at length without atchieuing any notable enterprise worthy the mentioning he returned againe into England The same yeare through continuall warres there rose suche dearth and scarcitie of things in Scotland A sore dearth that neither corne nor other vytayles could be had for money for the ground in maner generally through the countrey lay vntilled and beastes with all kind of Cattel were driuen away as booties taken by the enimies By reason wherof famine so encreased on ech side that the people were constrayned to eate horses and other lothsome flesh and meates thereby to susteyne theyr liues In the yeare following which was after the incarnation 1311. 1311. Castels recouered by king Robert king Robert chased the English men out of all partes of Scotlande winning many castels out of their handes diuerse of the which he razed and consumed with fire After this entring at sundrie times into England with his fierce armie King Robert inuadeth Englande he brought froÌ„ thence innumerable booties of cattell and other ryches afflicting the Englishe men with like slaughter and calamities as the Scottes had suffered in the yeres before by the outragious force and puissance of king Edwarde On the eight day of Ianuarie next ensuing King Robert wanne by fine force the strong towne of Perth The towne of Perth recouered otherwise called S. Iohns towne sleaing and hanging all the people both English and Scottish which were found in the same He threw also the walles of that town to the ground and filled the ditch with the rampyre The same yeare the Castelles of Dunfreis Castels won Ayre Lanarke with many other strengthes and Castelles were rendred vnto him and cast to the ground The Castell of of Rokesbourgh was taken by sir Iames Dowglas on feastings euen Rokesbourgh wonne on Shroue tuisday in the yeare 1313. when they of the garrison were ouercome with immoderate surfeyting by meates and drinkes excessiuely taken 1313 according as on that day the accustomed vse is In that yeare also Thomas Randall afterwardes created Erle of Murrey wanne the Castell of Edenbourgh The Castell of Edenbourgh wonne And the same yeare Edwarde Bruce besieged the Castell of Striueling Striueling castell besieged but the strength of the house was such what by nature of the highe cragge whereon it stoode and what by fortification of mans hand beside all his trauaile and inforcement diligently employed to winne it proued vaine for the time Within this Castell as Captaine thereof was a right valiant Knight named sir Philip Mowbray Sir Philip Mowbray a Scottishe man borne but taking part with the English men who feared nothing the siege for he had sufficient store of meÌ„ vitails munition all maner of purueyance sufficient to defend the holde for a long season so that finally Edward Bruce perceiuing no means wherby to atchieue y e enterprice which he had rashly takeÌ„ in hand was abashed therof 〈…〉 for by force he saw wel ynough it coulde not be brought to passe and by large offers made to the Captaine if hee woulde render the place and become seruant to the King his brother he coulde not once moue him to giue any care therto insomuch as at eÌ„gth he sought to trie him another way forth which in y e ende tooke better effect than was likely it would haue done considering the lacke of circumspection vsed in the bargain making as thus After long siege and as before is sayde no good done there was a motioÌ„ made betwixt him and the Captaine within for a truce which was accorded on this wise that if the fortresse were not succoured within .xij. monthes next ensuing it should then be rendred to king Robert and in the meane time no force should be vsed against it An vnwise coÌ„position This composition was vnwisely made as moste men iudged for euery man of any wisedome might easily coniecture that king Edward hauing so long day to make his prouision would come in support of them within the Castell and that so strongly as would be hard for the Scots to resist him King Robert offended with his brother King Robert himselfe also was sore offended with his brother for his follie shewed in this behalfe but yet he would not goe aboute to breake the couenant accorded for doubt to lose his brother whose ayde he might not well want King Edwarde taketh vp soldiers In the meane time king Edwarde sent forth messengers with letters not onely vnto all hys subiects but also vnto all his confederates and allyes to haue men of warre taken vp and retayned to serue him in his warres against the Scots which he intended to follow to the vtter destruction of the whole nation There came therefore in hope of spoyle not onely such as were appoynted by commissioners of the musters but also a greate number of other that offered themselues of their owne accorde to go in that iourney namely such as had lyttle to liue vpon at home and trusted to amend the matter by some good fortune in the warres abrode The Countreys out of the which it is reported by the Scottish writers that such ayde came to the Englishe men Out of what â—â—â—treys K. Edwarde had ayde of men were these Hollande Zeland Brabant Flanders Picardie Boloignois Gascoigne Normandie Guian and Burdelois for all these at that time were either subiect to the King of Englande or else in confederate league with him There were also many Scottes that were Englishe by deuotion and ayded king Edward at this tyme. But the number of natural Englishmen exceeded any one nation besyde insomuch that the whole armie what of one and other conteyned as the fame went one hundred and fiftie thousane footmen and almost as many horsemen beside caryage men coystrels women and lackies Fame oftentymes exceedeth the sooth but the same herein belike as often happeneth did farre exceed the sooth For it is not to bee thought as Iohn Maior himselfe wryteth that he should get such a number togither not for that Englande it selfe is not able to set forth suche a power For as the same Maior sayth as many men as are to be found in Englande of lawfull age so many able personages may
assembled agaynst him There died many on bothe partes in the fight as Iohn Fourdon writeth for the strangers fought right valiantly in so muche Iohn Fourdon that if William Douglas with diuers other had not come downe from Pictlande hilles to the ayde of the Scottes Williā Douglas commeth to the succour of the Scots whylest they were thus fightyng the strangers that day had wonne the victorie But now discouraged with the sodayne comming of this freshe ayde to theyr aduersaries they began to giue place and drewe towardes Edenburgh neuerthelesse kepyng themselues in order of battayle they fought still and at length comming to Edenburgh they were driuen vp thoroughe the Fryers streete and so by an other streete called Saint Marie Wynde Dauid de Anand a Scottishe knight where one sir Dauid de Anand a right valiant knight chaunced to be wounded by one of the enimies by reason wherof he was so kindled in wrathfull desire to be reuenged that with an axe whiche he had in his hande he raughte his aduersarie that had hurt him suche a blow on the shoulder that he clone hym downe togither with his horse that the axe stayed not till it light vpon the verie harde pauement so as the print of that violēt stroke remained to be sene a long tyme after in one of the stones of the same pauement The Strangers still retiring and manfully defending themselues at lengthe got to the hill where Edenburgh castell standeth and there slew their horses made as it were a rampier of their carcasses so to defend thē selues from the force of their enemies but being enuironed by the Scots on eche side all y e night and hauing neither meate nor drinke wherwith to sustain their languishing bodies the which beside hunger and thirst were sore tormented with cold also and wante of conuenient lodging they yelded themselues the next day with cōdition to haue their lyues saued When the spoyl of y e field where they first ioyned was gathered amongst the dead bodies there was found a woman of an huge stature A woman of manlyke force and stature who in the begynning of the battayle stept foorth before hir companie encountring in singular fight with an esquire of Scotland named Richard Shaw she ouerthrew him afterwards beating down hir enimes oneche side long it was ere she might be ouerthrowne which chanced not before she was enuironed about on eche side with hir enimies The Erle of Namure hauing yelded himself into the handes of the gouernours was ryghte curteously vsed the Erle of Murray not onely rendring vnto him all his goodes but also granting him licēce to depart and for his more suretie he went himselfe in person with hym to the bordures to see hym safe deliuered oute of all daungers The Earle of Murray is taken prisoner But by an ambushe that laye in awayte for the Erle of Murray he was taken prisoner and brought to king Edward Dauid Cumyn Erle of Athole hearing that the Erle of Murray one of the gouernours was thus taken supposing king Edwards parte to be muche aduaunced thereby came streightwayes vnto Perth The erle of Athole reuolting to the Ballyoll is eftsones established gouernour The king of England returneth home taking the Ballyoll with him gaue his faith eftsones vnto Edwarde Ballyoll and was againe established by him gouernour of the realme of Scotland as he was before The king of England hauing in the meane tyme gotten the towne of Perth returned into Englande and toke the Ballyoll with him for doubte least when he had recouered the whole gouernemente of the realme he shoake shrinke away from him The Earle of Athole hauing now regayned his former authoritie began to exercise greate crueltie againste all those that were enimies to the Ballyoll The nobles of the contrarye faction as Patrike Dunbar Erle of Marthe Androwe Murray and William Douglas with other tooke greate despite thereat and reysing an armye to restrayne his insolente doings came towardes him whereof he being aduertised as then lying at siege before the castell of Kyldrummy rose and met them in the fieldes within the forrest of Kilblayn where hee gaue them a sore battayle and hadde gone away with the victorie had not Iohn Crag Captayne of Kildrummy sallyed foorth of the castel with three hundred fresh men and comming to the succour of his frendes The Earle of Athole is slain renewed the battaile in such earnest wise that the aduersaries therby were discomfited Earle Dauid their chieftayne beeyng slayne in the fielde with Walter Bryde Robert Cumyn and a greate number of other bothe Gentlemen and commons After that Dauid Cumyn Earle of Athole was slayn on this wise Androw Murray was chosen gouernour in place of the Erle of Murray Androw Murray chosen gouernour taken as before is sayde by the Englishemen This Androw Murray in the beginnyng of his new office layd siege to the castel of Couper with a myghtie power of men but hearyng that the Cumyns made fowle work in the north partes of the realme The Cumyns yet to flighte against suche as fauoured not the Englishe parte he left that siege went against them with whom encountring in battayle he ouerthrewe their armye and put them all to flyght At this bickering were slaine two of the Cumyns Roberte and William Thomas Caldar and diuers other valyant men though enimies for the tyme vnto the gouernour The north partes of Scotlāde reduced to the obeysance of king Dauid This victorie reduced all the north partes of Scotland vnto the obeysance of king Dauid Few Englishmen after the same abode within the north boundes of Scotlande excepte those that were within the Castell of Dungarde in Buchquhane At length this castel was wonne and all that kepte it slayne excepte Henry Beaumount the captayne The castel of Dungard won who being sworne neuer to returne againe into Scotlande was licenced by the gouernour to depart into Englande without any interruption After this the gouernor came to the castell of Lochindoris and layde siege to it The castell of Lochyndoris besieged where within was the Countesse of Athole the wife of the late slayne Erle Dauid This woman hauing knowledge aforehand that hir house shoulde be besieged had sente vnto the king of England and to Edward Ballyoll for succours The king of Englande doubting least all the strengthes in Scotland kept by such as were his frendes woulde be lost without recouerie The king of England commeth to rayse the siege of Lochindoris if the same were not the sooner reskued hee reysed an armie of fortie thousand men and entryng therwith into Scotlande came to the castell of Lochindoris aforesayde The Scots that lay there at siege vpon knowledge had of hs comming towards them brake vp and departed from thence Herevpon whē he had refreshed the hold with newe men munition and victuals he toke the countesse foorth with him The towne of Abyrden brēt
first sent vnto Saint Colmes Ins Put in prison and from thence to Dunfermling and lastly to Lochleuin where he dyed and was buried in S. Sarffis I le in Lochleuin 1479 William Schewes is coÌ„secrated Archbishop The sayd William Schewes was consecrate Archbishop of Sainte Androwes on passion Sunday in Lente within Holy Roode house the king being present many of the nobles of the Realm And there y e sayde Archbishop receiued y e pall as a signe of his Archbishops dignitie so was coÌ„firmed primate legate of y e Realm notwithstaÌ„ding y e impediment made against Graham before by the Bishops about y e same This yere also The Duke of Albany imprisoned Alexander Duke of Albany was committed to prison by the king his brother within y e Castel of Edenburgh through euil counsel but he brake out escaped to DuÌ„bar wher he caused the Castel to be furnished with al necessaries leauing his seruants within it He escaped passed himself into France was there of y e king honorably receyued and louingly intreated Edenburgh besieged In the beginning of May following the king besieged y e Castel by his Lieutenant the Erle of Auâ—…ndale who lost at that siege .3 good knights the Lord of Lute sir Iohn Schaw of Sauche the Lorde of Cragiwallace with y e shot of a gun Iohn RaÌ„say was slain with a stone cast by haÌ„d WheÌ„ thei within saw they could not loÌ„g endure they left y e Castel fled away by sea the Erle of Auandale entred found it void of al things wherof any accoÌ„pt was to be made Doctor Ireland sent vnto the king of Scottes Doctor IrelaÌ„d being graduat in diuinitie at Paris was sent from y e FreÌ„ch king vnto y e king of Scottes to perswade him to make war into EnglaÌ„d to y e end y t king Edward shuld not aid y e Duke of Burgundy And moreouer he had in charge to moue for the Pardon of y e Duke of Albany and shortly after returned with answer 1480 Iohn Steward a prisoner The Erle of Mar called Iohn Steward y e kings yoÌ„ger brother this yeere in the moneth of December was taken in the nighte within hys owne house conueyed vnto Cragunster where he was kept as prisoner by the kings commaundement and after was conuict of conspiracie for witchcraft which he shuld practise against y e king hervpon in Cannogate beside Edenburgh Was put to death hys vaynes were cut so he bled to death Ther were many diuers Witches sorcerers aswil men as women coÌ„uicted of y e crime burnt for y e same at EdeÌ„b The K. sent Ambassadors into EnglaÌ„d to make suite to haue the Lady Cicill daughter to king Edward â—…ariage coÌ„ ded ioyned in mariage with his sonne Iames y e Prince which was graÌ„ted and y e mariage concluded to be solemnizate when y e prince of Scotland should come to perfect age as in the English historie it more playnely appeareth Doctor Irelande with a knight and another religious man came againe to king Iames from the French king to perswade him to make warre against England and at length King Iames his nobles coÌ„discended to breake the peace wherewith Thomas Spens Bishop of Abirdene that was full tenderly beloued of king Edwarde 〈◊〉 Spenâ—…ed and had bin euer a mediator for peace betwixte the kings of England France and ScotlaÌ„d and the Duke of Burgongne when he heard that warre would folow he dyed through griefe of mind and melancoly at Edenburgh in the moneth of Aprill 1481 〈◊〉 Iames a ambasâ—…o king 〈◊〉 The king sente two Heraldes vnto King Edwarde requesting him not to ayde the Duke of Burgongne nor any other against y e King of France for if he did hee must needes supporte the Frenchmen by reason of y e league betwixt France Scotland but king Edward would not admit those Heraldes to his presence â—…ing Edward 〈◊〉 nauie 〈◊〉 Scotland but kept them still without answer till he had sent foorth a nauie of Ships into y e Forth before Lieth Kingorne and Pettenwenne theÌ„ were the Heralds licensed to returne 〈◊〉 taken 〈◊〉 The Englishe fleete entring the Forth tooke eight great shippes which they found in that riuer and landing at Blacknesse brent y e towne and a great Barge that lay there at rode and so returned â—…he of king â—…and preâ—…d an army The king assembled an army from all partes of the Realme and amongst other y e Lord of the Iles came with a great coÌ„pany and nowe the king being ready to enter into England there came to him a messenger of king Edward sente from a Cardinall Legate that was residente as then in England Legate inâ—… him commanding king Iames by authoritie apostolike not to proceede any further in his purposed iourney to the ende that peace being obserued all Christian Princes might bende their powers againste the Turke and Infidels This commaundemente did king Iames obey and so discharged his army notwithstandyng that king Edwarde sent foorth his nauie agayne into the Forth 〈◊〉 naâ—… into â—…and vnto the I le of Ins Keith but they did no hurt for the countreymen kept them off The Scottish borderers inuaded y e Englishe marches destroyed townes and led many prisoners away with them into Scotland â—…ke assieâ—… an arâ—… of England â—…en The king of Englande caused Berwike to be assieged both by sea and lande all the winter season and ouerthrew a wall that was newly made about it for defence thereof but the Scottes within it defended the towne for that time so stoutly that the enimies might not winne it from them 1482 The Duke of Albany after his wife was dead which he had married in France perceyuing him selfe not so well entreated as before came ouer into Englande The Duke of Albany commeth into England where king Edwarde receyued him righte honorably promising as some haue written to make him king of Scotlande therevpon assembled an army of thirtie thousand meÌ„ with a great nauie by Sea to inuade Scotland and appoynted Captaynes and leaders of the army by land his owne brother y e Duke of Glowcester the Duke of Albany and others The king of Scotâ—…tes hearing of their approche to inuade his Realme reised a puissant army to resist them and came forward with the same vnto y e town of Lowder where beeing encamped the principall nobles of his Realme as Archembalde Earle of Angus George Erle of Huntley The presumptuous demeanor of the Scottish nobilitie Iohn Erle of Lenox Iames Erle of BuchquhaÌ„ Androw sord Grey Robert Lord Lile and diuers other beeing armed entred the kings lodging where they accused him of diuers things done and practised by him contrary to his honor the common weale of his Realme and specially bycause he vsed yoÌ„g counsell of lewde persons vnworthy and base of birth suche as
wold haue resisted him But at his being in Londer the keyes of y e Castell of Hume were brought vnto him which on the next morow he receyued and put men within it to keepe it as hee did in Laughton and Wedderborne which he receyued at the same time The master of Hales The master of Hales was also sought for at that time that hee mighte haue bin apprehended to answere the slaughter of Dauid Hume Prior of Coldingham whome hee had slayne trayterously A little before this Parliamente the Bishop of Dunkeld was returned froÌ„ y e French King with a bande of y e league renued betwixt Scotland and France The band of league betwixt ScotlaÌ„d and France Captayne Mores And at that same time was one Captayne Mores a Frenchman sent foorth of France with a certayne number of men to receyue the Castell of Dunbar into hys keeping which accordingly he did y e same beeing deliuered vnto him 1518 The Erle of Lenox who had bin with y e gouernor in France returned home into Scotland and with him came a Frenche Heralt from the king with letters and master Walter Stewarde Abbot of Glenluce came likewise from y e gouernoure The Abbot of Glenluce And about that time bycause the Queene and Lords were aduertised that the French king had contracted newe bandes of peace and amitie with the king of England without making meÌ„tion of Scotlande they thought themselues euill vsed being his confederate friends The Scots euil vsed at the French kings hands and therevpon sent sharp letters to the King of Fraunce and to the gouernour by Albany the Herralde In the moneth of Iune Master Gawin DuÌ„bar Archdeane of Saint Androwes and Clearke of the Register was preferred to the Bishops seate of Abberdene y t was vacant by the death of Alexander Gourdon This Gawin founded an Hospitall in Abberdene The Bishop of Aberdine a builder and endowed the same with lands for sustenance of twelue poore men with a prouost to haue care ouer them He also builded a faire bridge with seuen arches ouer the water of Dee beside Aberdene and purchased landes for the perpetuall vpholding thereof He also builded two Steeples in the Cathedrall Church with halfe of the crosse Church and a faire Palace for the small Prebendaries called the Chaplaynes Moreouer hee bestowed many rich pretious ornaments vpon the same Church of Abirdene as Copes Chalices and other suche like things which remayned there long after Many right commendable works were accomplished by this diligente Prelate greatly to his praise and high renowne for he spent not the frutes of his benefice in vayne but on suche manner of buildings Conuention betwixt the Erle of Rothes and the Lorde Lindsey The seuenteenth of Iune there rose greate sturre in Edenburgh by the falling out of the Erle of Rothes and the Lord Lindsey about the enioying of the Sherifweeke of Fife by reason whereof they were both put in warde the one in Dunbar and the other in Dunbertayne The cause of â—…tred betwixt the Queene and 〈◊〉 husband About the beginning of August the Queene remayning in Edenburgh vnderstoode that the Erle of Angus hir husband as then soiourning in Dowglas Dale had taken a faire gentlewoman in those partes and kept hir as his concubine for the which acte she conceyued such hatred againste him that there was neuer no perfect loue betwixt them aftewards In the beginning of Februarie there came a Clearke as Ambassador from the Frenche King with letters concerning the concluding of the truce betwixt Scotland and England whiche message the Lords made small account of bycause the king had omitted to comprehend Scotlande in the league which he lastly made with England The seuenth of Iune 1519 A mâ—… man a madde man in DuÌ„dee slew in his wood fitte a Lady of inheritance a Nunne with two other women the one of theÌ„ being great with Childe and also two men The king of England wrote letters vnto the Frenche King The king of England seeketh to keepe the Duke of Albany foorth of Scotland desiring him to stay the Duke of Albany that he might not come into Scotland and furthermore he sayde Ships of warre in the pace vpon the Seas to watche for his comming and to take him by the way as he shoulde passe In September the King was remoued forth of the Castell of Edenburgh vnto Dalkith for doubt of the pestilence which was suspected to be in the Castell of Edenburgh The Earle of Arrane And from Dalkith the Earle of Arrane rode to Edenburgh to haue bin eftsoones elected regent and prouost of that Towne but he missed his purpose for y e townesmen woulde not suffer hym to enter but repulsed hym backe so that diuers were hurt on both sides Dissention betwixt the Earles of Arrane and Angus Herevppon greate dissention rose betwixte the sayde Earle of Arrane and the Erle of Angus bycause of his repulse in that suite whereby the whole Realme was deuided into partakings so that sundry slaughters thereof ensued as of the Prior of Coldingham and sixe of his men murthered by the Lard of Wedderborne at Lamerton the sixt of October About the same time the king returned to the Castell of Edenburgh and in the towne there were remayning the same tyme the Earles of Angus Erroll and Crawford the Lorde Glames and other the Bishops of Saint Androwes Aberdine Orkney and Dunblane with dyuers Abbots and other Prelates And in the towne of Glasgo was the Bishop of Glasco Chancellor with y e Earles of Arrane LeÌ„nox EglentoÌ„ and Cassels the Lords Rosse Sempil the Abbot of Pasley the Bishop of Galloway and other noble men of the West Thus the Lords were deuided and would not take any order for the good gouernemente of the common welth Monsieur de la Fayot In December Monsieur de la Fayot and a french Clearke called Cordell with an Englishe Herrald called Clarenceaux came froÌ„ the Kings of Fraunce and Englande with an Ambassador also from the gouernor with a conclusioÌ„ of peace taken for one yeere betwixt Scotland and England who comming to Edenburgh were receyued by the Earle of Angus and the other Lordes there with him the whiche sent for the Chancellor and the Earle of Arrane to come thither but they wold not come any nerer thaÌ„ to Linlithgo The Ambassador therefore tooke in hand to perswade that an assemble might be had in Striueling but the Earle of Angus woulde not come there Neuerthelesse the said Ambassadors wente thither where the Erle of Arrane and his partakers as the Chanceller and others receyued them thankfully The peace proclaymed and proclaymed the peace accordyng to the treatie which they had brought and so with courteous answer and great rewards licenced theÌ„ to depart But in their returne towarde Englande the Earle of Angus with a greate number of menne met theÌ„ at Carlancrok reproouing them sharply for their demeanor and for taking
in Normādie at Caen where also wife Queene his Mawd had buylded a Nunnerie which Mawde died in in the yeare .1084 before the king hir husband After his death his bodie was buried in Caen in S. Stephens church but before it could be committed to the grounde They gaue him an hundred pounde sayth Hen. Marle the executors were constrayned to agree with a certaine man that claymed to be Lord of the soyle where the Church stoode and which as he sayd the king in his life time had iniuriously taken from him and gaue him a greate summe of money to release his title wherby you may cōsider the great miserie of mans estate and how that so mightie a Prince as the Conquerour was coulde not haue so much grounde after hys death as to couer his dead corps without doing iniurie to an other which may be a noble lesson for all other men and namely for Princes noble men and gentlemen who oftentimes to enlarge their owne commodities doe not regarde what wrong to the inferior sort they offer Furthermore King William had issue by Mawde his wife the daughter of Baldwin Erle of Flaunders foure sonnes Robert surnamed Curthose vnto whom he bequeathed the duchie of Normandie Richard died yong William surnamed Rufus to whom he gaue by his testament the realme of Englande and Henrie surnamed Beauclerk for his cunning and perfit knowledge in learning vnto whom he bequethed all his treasure and moueable goods with the possessions that belonged to his mother Hen. Marle Besides these four sonnes he had also by his wife fiue daughters Cecillie which became a Nunne Constance maried to Alane duke of Britaine Adela giuen in mariage to Stephen Earle of Bloys of whom that Stephen was borne which raigned after Henrie the first Adeliza promised in mariage to Harold K. of England as before ye haue heard but she died before she was maried either to him or to any other and so likewise did the fift whose name I cannot reherse Among other grieuances which the Englishe men susteyned by the hard dealing of the Cōquerour this is also to be remembred that he brought the Iewes into this land frō Rouen and appointed them place here to inhabite But now to conclude though king William helde the English so vnder foote that in his dayes almost no English man bare any office of honor or rule in his time Iohn Rous. yet he somewhat fauoured the Citie of London and at the earnest sute of William a Norman then Bishop there he graunted vnto the Citizēs the first Charter which is written in the Saxon tongue sealed with green wax and expressed in .viij. or .ix. lines at the most But howsoeuer he vsed the rest of the Englishmē Math. Paris Hen. Hunt this is recorded of some writers that by his rigorous proceedings agaynst thē he brought to passe that the Countrey was so rid of theeues and robbers that at length a mayd might haue passed through the land with a bag ful of golde and not haue met with any misdoer to haue bereft hir of the same which was a thing right straunge to consider sith that in the beginning of his reigne there was such great companies of Outlawes and robbers that vneth were men warranted within their owne houses though the same were neuer so strong and well prouided of defence Iohn Rous. Hen Marle Among many other lawes also made by him this one is to be remembred that suche as forced any woman should lose their genitals In this William the Conquerors dayes liued Osmond the seconde Bishop of Salisburie who compiled the Church seruice Salisburie vse which in times past they commonly called after Salisburie vse Shooting The vse of the long Bow as Iohn Rous testifieth came first into Englande with this king William the Conquerour for the English men before that time vsed to fight cōmonly with axes and such hand weapons and therfore in the oration made by the Conqueror before he gaue battail to king Harolde the better to encourage his men he tolde them they should encounter with enimies that wanted shotte In the yeare of our Lorde .1542 Monseur de Castres Bishop of Baieulx and Abbot of Saint Estiennie in Caen caused the Sepulchre of this noble prince William the Conqueror to be opened within the which his body was found whole fayre and perfite of limmes large and big of stature and personage longer than the common sort of men of our age by two foot within the same sepulchre or tombe was found a copper plate fayre gylt conteyning this Epitaph Qui rexit rigidos Northmannos atque Britannos Audacter vicit fortiter obtinuit Et Coenomenses virtute contundit enses Imperijque sui legibus applicuit Rex magnus parua iacet hac Guilhelmus in vrna Sufficit magno parua domus domino Ter septem gradibus se voluerat atque duobus Virginis in gremio Phoebus hic obijt In English thus H. F ▪ Who ouer Normās rough did rule ouer Britōs bolde Did cōquest stoutly win conquest won did strongly holde Who by his valure great the fatall vprores calmde in Mayne And to obey his power and lawes the Manceaux did constrayne This mightie king within this little vault entombed lyes So great a Lorde somtime so small a rowmth doth now suffise When three times seuen and two by iust degrees the Sun had tooke His wonted course in Virgos lap then he the worlde forsooke Here to fill vp this page I haue thought good to set downe the Charter which this king Wil. the Conqueror graunted vnto the Citie of London at the special sute of William then Bishop of the same Citie aswel for the briefnesse thereof yet conteyning matter sufficient in those dayes to warrant his meaning as also for the strangenesse of the English then in vse VVilliem Kyng grets VVilliem Bisceop Godfred Porterefan The charter of K. William the first 1067 ealle ya Burghwarn binnen Lōdon frencisce Englisce frendlice Ic kiden eoy yeet Ic wille that git ben ealra weera lagayweord ye get weeran on Eadwerds daege kings and Ic will yeet aelc child by his fader yrfnume aefter his faders daege And Ic nellege wolian yeet aenig man eoy aenis wrang beode God eoy heald VVilhelmus rex salutat VVilhelmum Episcopum Goffridū Portegrefiū omnē Burghware infra London Frans Angl. amicabiliter Et vobis notū facio quòd ego volo quòd vos sitis omni lege illa digni quae fuistis Edwardi diebus regis Et volo quòd omnis puer sit patris sui haeres post diem patris sui Et ego nolo pati quod aliquis homo aliquam iniuriam vobis inferat Deus vos saluet VVilliam Rufus 1087 An. reg 1. WIlliam surnamed Rufus that is to say William the red seconde sonne to William Conqueror began his reigne ouer Englande the .ix. of September in the
as was sayd they occupied to gaine after the maner of the Courte of Rome But at length yet they were called before the ciuill Magistrate by the kings procurement and grieuously accused for theyr vnlawfull occupying of vsurie and some of them committed to prison the residue hid themselues out of the way tyll at length for a summe of money they were licenced to be at rest and so continued for a season The Iewes reioyced hereat to haue fellowes with them in their miserie In this season also there depended a controuersie betwixt the Archbishop of Canterburie and the Bishoppe of London and his Canons of Paules Controuersie betwixt Prelates so that the sayde Bishop of London and the Deane of Paules and other of the Canons were excommunicate But the Bishop perceyuing which way the world went recoÌ„ciled himselfe But the Deane stoode long in the matter and at length went himselfe to the Pope to vtter his griefe This controuersie hanged long betwixt them and was handled in such wife that laye menne laught at their doings for now and then whom the Pope commaunded to be assoyled theyr aduersaries by colour of the Popes authoritie would commaund to be excommunicate The Earle of Leycester prospereth in Cascoigne The first day of Iuly the Erle of Leycester in Gascoign ouercame many of the kings enimies and tooke from them a fortresse called ChattelloÌ„ A sore tempest of thunder and lightning On S. Dunstans day there was a maruellous sore teÌ„pest of weather the ayre being darkned on euery side from the foure corners thereof and withall chaunced such a thunder as fewe the like had beene heard of First it beganne as it had beene a greate waye off but after it burst out with such terrible crackes as was wonderful But one amongst the rest exceeded and withall such lightning flashed forth as put men in great feare and terror The chymney of the Chamber wherein the Queene and hir children then were was beaten downe to dust 〈…〉 and the whole buyâ—…ding sore shaken This was at Windsore where in the Parke Okes were rent in sunder and turned vp by the rootes and much hurt done as mylnes with the Mylners in them and shepefoldes with the shepheardes and plowmen and suche as were going by the way were destroyed and beaten downe About the same tyme the sea on the coastes of Englande High tyâ—… rose with higher tydes than the naturall course gaue by the space of sixe foote About Michaelmasse the Queene dowager of Scotlande that was daughter to Monsieur de Cousie a French man came through EnglaÌ„d to return into France where she was born was of the king honourably receyued and welcomed This yeare the Nunrie of Marran not farre from Lynne was founded by the Ladie Isabell The Nâ—… Marran â—…ded Countesse of Arundell Also this yeare the Lorde William de Cantlow departed this life in whose heritage his son named also William succeeded Moreouer Iohn Cobham and Geffrey Spencer that was a man of great fame and one of the kings counsaile departed this life Cobham before Easter and Spencer shortlye after the same feast Also in the Octaues of Pentecost Paule Peyuer or Peure departed this life Paule Peyuer Hee was also one of the kings chiefe Counsaylers and Lorde Stewarde of his house This man at the first was not borne to any great possessions but by purchase hee atteyned to greate reuenues The Ladie Ioan his wife compounded with the king for the maryage of hir sonne named Paule after his father but the Lorde Iohn Gray payed the money being fiue hundred marks and so discharging hir of that debt maried hir sonne to one of his daughters at his manour of Eyton and afterwardes at London maried the mother of his sonne in lawe The Lâ—… William 〈◊〉 married 〈…〉 Pâ—…yâ—… wherewyth the King was sore displeased for hee hadde gyuen the maryage of hir vnto a Staunger one Stephen de Salines so that the Lorde Gray was glad to gyue to the King the summe of fiftie markes by way of a fine to haue his good will In the .xxxvj. yeare of King Henries raigne Aâ—… Mat. Pâ—… The Câ—… of Hales â—…cared the Churche of Hales was dedicate of the foundation of Richarde Earle of Cornewall At which dedication hee kept a solenme feast on the Euen of Saint Leonarde being Sunday There was present the King and Queene and almoste all the Nobilitie of Englande both spiritual and temporall The buylding of that Churche The câ—… of the bâ—…ding of tâ—… Church of Hales all charges accounted stoode the Earle in tenne thousande Markes as hee himselfe confessed vnto Mathew Paris About the same tyme the Earle of Leycester and Guy de Lusignan the Kings halfe brother came into Englande out of Fraunce and landed at Douer The king receyued them with great ioy gladnes He gaue to his brother at his return great rewards as he was euer accustomed â—…eys and 〈◊〉 in those 〈◊〉 were â—…ed in â—…rough â—…r than is â—…n our â—…as shuld â—…re so as â—…ame 〈◊〉 seeme â—…r a right â—…se of war 〈◊〉 vtteraÌ„ce In the feast of the Conception of our Ladie at a Iustes holden at Rochester the straungers were putte to the worse and well beaten by the Englishe Batchlers and men of Armes so that the dishonour which they did to the Englishmen at Brackley was nowe recompenced with interest For the Straungers fleeing to the Citie for succour were mette by the way by the English Knightes seruaunts and yeomen which fel vpon them beate them sore with Clubbes and stanâ—…s and handled the very euill Hereof spring a greate hatred betwixt the Englishe men and straungers whiche dayly grewe and encreased more and more the rather bycause the king had them in so good estimation and reteyned so many of them within the realme The king did celebrate the feast of Christmasse at York 1252 whether came Alexander the yong king of Scottes and was there made Knight by the King of Englande and on Saint Stephens day he maryed the Ladie Margaret daughter to the king of England according to the assuraunce before time concluded There was a great assembly of noble personages at that feast â—…ouse of â—…ie The Queene dowager of Scotland mother to king Alexander a French woman of the house of Coucie had passed the sea was present there with a fayre companie of Lordes and GentlemeÌ„ The number of knights that were come thither on the king of Englandes part were reckened to be at the poynt of one thousande The King of Scottes had with him .lx. knightes and a great sort of other gentlemen comparable to knightes â—…ing of â—…dâ—… hoâ—… to king â—…gland The king of Scottes did homage to the king of Englande at that time for the realme of Scotlande and all things were done with great loue and fauour although at the begynning some strife was kyndled about taking vp of lodgings This assembly of the Princes
e Frēch kings hands with the which the B. of Winchester was sent backe into Englād the B. of Norwich and the Erle of Richmond remaining there til it might be knowen how the King of Englād would like thereof Finally it was thought good that the Quene should goe ouer to hir brother the Frēch K. to confirme y e treatie of peace vpō some reasonable conditiōs The Queene is sent ouer into France to talke with hir brother the Frenche King She willingly tooke vppon hir the charge and so with y e L. Iohn Crumwell and other four knightes without any other greate traine taking the sea landed in France where of y e K. hir brother she was ioyfully receiued and finally shee being the mediatrix it was finally accorded A peace and concorde agreed vpon that y e K. of England shuld giue to his eldest son y e Duchie of Aquitaine and the Countie of Pontieu that y e Frēch K. receyuing homage of him for the same he shuld restore into his hands the sayd Countie and the lands in Guyenne for the whiche they were at variance and for those countreys which had bin forrayed and spoyled the Earle of Aniou shoulde fully see him satisfied as right did require Vpon all which couenauntes the French King wrote his letters patentes into Englande and other letters also of safe conduite An. reg 19. as well for the sonne as for the Kyng hymselfe if it shoulde please hym to come ouer hymselfe in person Vpon whiche choise greate deliberation was hadde as well at Langdon as at Douer dyuers thinkyng it best that the Kyng shoulde goe ouer hymselfe but the Earle of Winchester and hys sonne the Lord Chamberlayne that neyther durst goe ouer themselues with the Kyng nor abyde at home in his absence gaue contrary coūsell and at length preuayled so that it was fully determined that the Kyngs eldest sonne Edwarde shoulde goe ouer whiche turned to theyr destruction as it appeared afterward Heerevpon the Kyng made a charter of grant vnto his sonne of the Duchie of Guyenne and Countie of Pontieu to haue and hold to him and hys heires Kyngs of Englande with condition that if hee chaunced to depart this life whylest hys father lyued those landes shoulde returne vnto hys father agayne so as the Frenche Kyng myghte not marrie the Kings sonne at his pleasure nor appoynte to him any gardians or gouernoures Thys ordinance was made at Douer by the Kyngs Charter The Prince of Wales is sent into France with consente of the Prelates and other noble men of the Realme there present the morrowe after the Natiuitie of our Lady and on the Thursdaye following the Kinges sonne tooke the Sea and with hym Walter Byshoppe of Excester and others in competent number and aboute the feast of Saint Mathewe the Apostle hee did homage to hys Vncle the French King at Bois de Vincennes vnder certaine protestations made as well on the one part as the other A drye Sommer The sommer this yeare prooued exceeding hote and drie so that springs and riuers failed to yeeld their accustomed course of waters by reason whereof Cattel dyed greate number of cattell and beastes both wilde and tame dyed through lacke of conuenient licor to aswage theyr vehemente thirst The king sendeth for his wyfe and son to retourne home In the beginning of the nexte spring Kyng Edwarde sente into Fraunce vnto his wife and sonne commaunding them now that they hadde made an ende of their businesse to returne home with all conuenient speede The Queene receyuing the message from hir husband whether it was so that she was staied by hir brother vnto whome belike shee had complayned after what in anner shee was vsed at hir husbandes handes being had in no regard with him or for that she had no minde to returne home bycause shee was loth to see all things ordred out of frame by the counsell of the Spencers whereof to heare she was weery or whether as the manner of women is shee was long about to prepare hir selfe forwarde shee slacked all the Sommer and sente letters euer to excuse hir tarriance But yet bycause shee woulde not runne in any suspition with hir husbande The womans dissimulation shee sente dyuers of hir folkes before hir into Englande by soft iorneys King Edwarde not alittle offended with king Charles by whose meanes hee knewe that the woman thus lingered abroade he procured Pope Iohn to write hys letters vnto the French king admonishing him to sende home his sister and hir sonne vnto hir husbande But when this nothyng auayled A proclamation Fabian a proclamation was made in the moneth of December this nineteenth yeare of thys Kyngs raigne that if the Queene and hir sonne entred not the lande by the octaues of the Epiphany next ensuing in peaceable wise they should be taken for enimies to the Realme and Crowne of England Polidore Heere authors varie for some write that vpon knowledged had of this proclamation the Queene determined to returne into Englande forthwith that she myghte bee reconciled to hir husbande agayne Other write and that more truely how shee being highly displeased both with the Spencers and the Kyng hir husbande that suffered himselfe to be misled by their counsels did appoynt indeede to returne into Englande not to be reconciled but to stirre the people to some Rebellion whereby she might reuenge hir manifolde iniuries whiche as the proofe of the thing shewed seemeth to bee most true for shee being a wise woman considering that sith the Spencers had excluded put out and remoued all good men from and beside the Kyngs counsell and placed in their roomthes suche of their clientes seruauntes and friendes as pleased them shee mighte well thinke that there was small hope to bee had in hir husbande who hearde no man but the sayde Spencers whyche she knewe hated hir deadly Wherevppon 1326 after that the tearme prefixed in the proclamation was expired the King caused to bee seased into hys handes all suche landes as belonged eyther to his sonne or to his wife About the same time Sir Robert VValkfare one Sir Robert Walkefare Knight a right hardy man of his handes but craftie and subtill who being taken in the warres whyche the Lords reysed agaynst the Kyng had bin committed to prison in the Castel of Corfe founde meanes nowe to kill the Connestable of that Castell most cruelly and escaping away gote ouer to the Queene into Fraunce and so the number of them that ranne out of the Realm vnto hir dayly encreased This Sir Robert Walkfare was a great procurer of the discord betwixt y e King and y e Lords and a chiefe leader or rather seducer of that noble man Humfrey de Boun Earle of Hereford and whilest other gaue themselues to seeke a reformation in the decayed state of the common wealthe he set his minde vpon murders and robberies Diuers other aboute the same time
Gourney who â—…ing 〈◊〉 Marcels three yeares after â—…g known 〈◊〉 and brought toward Englande was deheaded on the sea least hee shoulde â—…se the 〈…〉 as the Bishop and other Iohn Muttinees repenting himselfe lay long hidden 〈…〉 manie and in the ende died penitently Thus was king Edwarde â—…thered in the yeare 13â—…7 on the .xxij. of September The â—…e 〈◊〉 that by this Edwarde the seconde The fond opinion of the ignoraÌ„t people after his death manye myâ—…ses were wrought So that the like opinion of him was â—…eryâ—…s as before had beene of Earle Thomas of Lancaster namely amongst the common people He was knowne to bee of a good and â—…teons nature though not of moste pregnant 〈◊〉 The nature disposition of king Edwarde the seconde And alâ—…eâ—… 〈◊〉 youth 〈…〉 into certaine light â—…rymes 〈…〉 by the companie and counsaâ—…e of euill â—…on was â—…ndâ—…ed vnto more heyâ—… 〈…〉 thought that he purged the 〈◊〉 by repentance and paciently suffered many reproâ—…s and finally death it selfe as before yee haue hearde after a most cruell maner Hee had surely good cause to repent his former trade of syuing for by his indiscreete and wanton â—…uernance there were headed and put to death during his raigne by iudgement of law to the nuÌ„ber of .xxviij. barons and knights ouer and beside such as were slaine in Scotlande by hys infortunate conduct And all these mischiefes and many mor happened not only to him but also to the whole state of the realm in that he wanted iudgement and prudent discretion to make choyse of sage and discrete counsaylers receyuing those into his fauour that abused the same to their pryuate gaine and aduantage not respecting the aduancement of the common wealth so they themselues might attaine to riches and honour for which they onely sought insomuch that by theyr couetous rapine spoyle and immoderate ambition the heartes of the common people and nobilitie were quite estraunged from the dutifull loue and obedience which they ought to haue shewed to their soueraigne going about by force to wrasâ—… him to follow theyr willes and to seeke the destruction of them whom he commonly fauoured wherein surely they were worthie of blame and to taste as manye of them did the deserued punishment for theyr disobedient and disloyall demeanors For it was not the way whiche they tooke to helpe the disfigured state of the common wealth but rather the readie meane to ouerthrow all as if Gods goodnesse had not beene the greater it must needs haue come to passe as to those that shall well consider the pitifull tragedie of this kings tyme it may well appeare But now to proceed with that which remaineth touching this infortunate Prince â–ª Hee had issue by his wife Queene Isabell His issue two sonnes Edward which was made king whilest he was yet aliue and Iohn whiche dyed yong also two daughters Eleanore which died before she came to yeares able for mariage and Ioan which was after giueÌ„ in mariage vnto Dauid king of Scotlande He was indifferently tall of stature strong of bodie and healthfull neither wanted there in him stoutnesse of stomake if his euill counsaylers had bene remoued that he might haue shewed it in honourable exploytes which being kept backe by them he coulde not doe so that thereby it appeareth of what importance it is to be trayned vp in youth with good and honest companie It is sayd that he was learned insomuch that there remaine verses which as some haue written he made whilest he was in prison Certaine it is he fauoured learning as by the erection of Oriall Colledge in Oxford Oryall and S. Marie hall in Oxford and S. Maries Hall which were of his foundation it may well bee gathered Ex centuria 4. Bale Learned men we finde recorded by Bale to liue in this kings time these as follow Iohn Dâ—…ns that subtill Logitian borne as Lelande hath gathered in a village in Northumberlande called Emyldun three myles distant from 〈◊〉 wike although other hold the coÌ„trarie 〈…〉 clayming him for theyr countreymen 〈…〉 Irishe men for theirs Robert Waâ—… 〈◊〉 Eâ—…lite Frier that wâ—…iâ—… diuerse 〈…〉 Wilton an Augustine Friers 〈…〉 borne Raâ—…fe Locksley Nicholas 〈…〉 William Whitley Thomas Ioyâ—… 〈◊〉 Ioyceâ—… William Gaynesburg â–ª Robert Bâ—… borne not farre from Notingham 〈…〉 Frier of Scarbourgh the same whome king â—…warde tooke with him into Scotlande to 〈◊〉 some remeÌ„brances of his victories although being taken by the Scottes Soâ—… in Sâ—…lande Pâ—… he was constrâ—… 〈◊〉 Robert Brâ—… to frame a dittie to 〈…〉 time Iohn Horminger a Suffolke was 〈◊〉 William Rishanger a Monke of S. 〈…〉 Historiographer â–ª Ranfe Baldocke 〈◊〉 London wrote also an Historie which was 〈◊〉 â—…tuled Historia Anglica Richard Bâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…colnshire man borne a Carmelite Frier 〈◊〉 Walsingham borne either in Walsingham 〈◊〉 Brunham as Bale supposeth a Carmelite 〈◊〉 also and wrote diuerse treatises Thomas â—…ham a Cauoâ—… Salisburie and a 〈…〉 â—…initio Robert Plunpton borne in 〈◊〉 a regular Chanonâ—… Thomas Caâ—… 〈◊〉 of Pontfret William Mansfield Iohn 〈◊〉 Robert 〈◊〉 William Askattle of Beâ—… Gaffrey of 〈◊〉 Iohn Gatisdene â–ª Tâ—… Angliens StepheÌ„â—…ton or Edâ—… Iohn â—…stone borne in Yorkeshire Iohn Wâ—… Nicholas de Lira Iewe by byrth of those 〈◊〉 had their habitatioÌ„s in England who 〈◊〉 â—…ree many treatises to his great commeÌ„dation for his singuler knowlege and zeale which 〈…〉 in disprouing the Rabines that styll sought to keepe the Iewish nation in blindnesse and 〈◊〉 hope in looking for another Messias Raâ—…â—…ton an excellent diuine Iohn Dumbleton a â—…gitian Thomas Langford borne in Mâ—… Essex Osbert Pyckertam a Carmelite Frier of Lyn in Norffolke Nicholas Oheâ—… 〈…〉 Frier William Ocham a Frier Minor 〈◊〉 wrote diuerse treatises namely against Iohn Duns and likewise against Iohn the 〈…〉 of that name in fauour of the Emperour Lewes of Bauier Richard Walingford Thomas â—…wood a CanoÌ„ of Leedes in Kent wrote a Chronicle called Chronicon CampendiariuÌ„ Robert â—…rew Robert Perserutator borne in Yorkeshire a black Frier a Philosopher or rather a Magâ—… Richarde Belgrane a Carmelite Brinkley a minorite and others King Edward the thirde â—…dward â—…e 3. EDwarde the thirde of that name the sonne of Edwarde the seconde and of Isabell the onelye daughter of Philip le Beau and sister to Charles the fifth king of Fraunce began his raigne as king of England his father yet liuing the .xxv. day of Ianuarie after the creation .5292 in the yeare of our Lorde .1327 after the account of them that beginne the yeare at Christmasse 867. after the comming of the Saxons 260. after the conquest the .13 yeare of the raigne of Lewes the fourth then Emperor the seuenth of Charles the fift king of Fraunce the secoÌ„d of Andronicus Iunior Emperor of the East almost ended and about the end of the .22 of Robert le Bruce king of Scotland as Wil. Harison in his Chronologie hath diligently recorded He was crowned at Westminster on the day of
was alied and confederated at that time King Edvvardes confederates I finde to bee these the Dukes of Brabant and Gelderlande the Archb. of Colen the marques of Gulike sir Arnold de Baquehen the lorde of Walâ—â—burghe who all promised to defie the Frenche K. in the king of Englands quarrel to serue him with notable numbers of men where and whensoeuer it shoulde please him to appoint The alliaunce of the erle of Haynaulte first procured the king of England all these friendes vnto the whiche erle he had sent ouer the bishop of Lincolne and other in ambassade immediatly after that he had resolued to make warres against Fraunce by the counsell and aduice of sir Roberte Dartois as in the Frenche historie more plainelie appeareth In this meane season was Queene Phillip brought to bed at Antwarpe of hir third sonne Lionell that vvas alter duke of Clarence borne whiche was named Lionell The K. of England earnestlie followed his busines and had many treaties with his friendes and confederates til at length he made sure to him y e frendship of all those townes and countreys whiche lie betwixt FrauÌ„ce and the riuer of Rhein only the cities of Tourney and Cambray held of the frenche kings parte thoughe Cambray belonged to the Empire In this .xij. Additions to Adam Merimouth A parliament at Northampton A Subsidie vppon vvooll The Clergie graunteth a tenthe yeare of K. Edwards raigne at a counsell holden at Northampton by the duke of Cornewall lorde Wardein of EnglaÌ„d in absence of the king his brother and by many of the prelates and barons of the realme there was graunted to the king a subsidie in wooll to the great burden of the coÌ„mons but for so much as the Clergie of the land was not present at that counsell it was ordeined that they shoulde be called and so they assembled in a conuocation at London the firste day of October in which the clergie graunted to the king a .x. for the thirde yere then to come ouer and beside the ij tenthes before graunted and that the .x. of this present yeare shoulde be paide in shorter time than it was appointed but they flatly denyed to graunt their woolles whiche neuerthelesse the laitie paid and that to their great hindrance for it rose double to a Fifteene Greate raine From the begynnyng of October vnto the beginning of December this yeare fell suche abundaunce of of raine that it hindered greatly the hasbandemen in sowing of their winter corne and in the beegynnyng of December came suche a vehement froste continuing the space of xij wreks that it destroyed vp all the seede almost that was sowen by reason whereof small store of winter corne came to proofe in the sommer following but though there was no pleÌ„tie 1339 An. reg 13. yet all kindes of graine were solde at a reasonable price through want of money The Frenchemen by sea sore infested the sea coast of this realm specially where the Champion countreis stretch towards the sea coastes At Hastings in the feast of Corpus Christi The frenchmeÌ„ inuade the coastes of this lande Plimmon the brente they brent certayne fishermens houses and slewe some of the inhabitantes Also in the Hauens aboute Deuonshire and Cornewall and towards Bristowe they tooke and brent certaine shippes killing the marriners that came into their handes and in the Whitson weeke they landed at Plimmouth and brente the more part of the towne but Hugh Courtney earle of Deuonshire The Earle of Deuonshire a man almoste .lxxx. yeres of age and other knightes and men of the countrey came againste these Frenchmen sleaing such as came into their hands to the number of .v. C. as was esteemed R. Southwell chased the residue The Scots also aboute the same time did muche hurt to y e englishmen both by sea lande In the beginning of Iuly the lord Will. Douglas with a nuÌ„ber of men of warre returned froÌ„ FrauÌ„ce home into England VVilliam Douglas to him vpon his return y e castell of Cowper was deliuered with al the country there abouts After this coÌ„ming to the siege of S. Iohns towne which the gouernor the erle of Murrey Hect. Boetius the erle of March Patrik de Dunbarre and other of the Scottishe lords had besieged at length it was surrendred by sir Thomas Vthred capitaine there of the english garison departing in safetie home into England Three dayes before the feast of the Assumption of our Lady there chaunced in the night season suche a mightie and soden invndation of water at Newcastell vpon Tine A floude that it bare downe a peece of the towne wall a .vj. perches in leÌ„gth neare to a place caled Walknow where a C. and .xx. temporall men with diuers priests and many women were drowned But nowe to returne to the K. which al this while remained in Brabant Ye haue hearde howe y e citie of Cambray held with the French king wherefore the king of Englande assembling togither a mightie strong army aswell of englishmeÌ„ as of the low countreys of Teutchlande ment to besiege it but firste he sente the archebishoppe of Canterburie with the bishops of Lincolne and Durham vnto Arras as commissioners from him to meete there with the Archebishoppe of Roven Commissioners sente to treate of peace and the bishoppes of Langres and Beauvais appointed to come thither as commissioners from the French king to treate with the englishmen of a peace but they coulde not agree vppon any conclusion They cannot agree wherevppon King Edwarde comming forewarde with hys power Cambray besieged approched to Cambray and planted his siege rounde about it But the bishoppe meaning not to deliuer the 〈◊〉 king Edwarde nor to any other that 〈◊〉 demaund into the dehoofe of the emptie oâ—… 〈◊〉 douiâ—… of Bauiere as then excommunication the Pope Ia. Mâ—… had receiued into the towne 〈◊〉 Frenchmen with the french kings eldest 〈◊〉 the Duke of Normandie lately reâ—… 〈◊〉 of Guyenne and the lorde Theobald Mâ—… with certaine companies of Sauoisius so that the citie was so defeÌ„ded that the king of Englande perceiuyng he should but lose time â—…ed his siege and entred into Fraunce The King â—…seth his 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 Fabiaâ—… Vh. VVâ—… pitchyng his fielde at a place called Flamingo 〈◊〉 In the meane time had the French king not onely made himselfe strong by lande 〈◊〉 by sea hauing sente foorthe a strong 〈◊〉 of ships and galleys towards the coastes of Englande 〈…〉 whiche arriuing at Southampton the Monday after Michaelmasse day took and spâ—…led the town the morow after set 〈◊〉 in v. places so that a great part of it was 〈◊〉 Also .xiij. sayles of the French fleete â—…the with .v. englishe ships after sore fight whiche continued .ix. houres tooke two of those being tall and goodlye shyppes the one called the Edwarde and the other the Christofer Tvvo 〈◊〉 shippes tâ—… the other
France Where the Londoners would not permitte the Kinges Iustices to fitte within the Câ—… London contrary to their liberties the King â—…poynted them to sitte in the Tower and 〈◊〉 they would not make any aunswer there a 〈◊〉 tumulte was reysed by the commons of the Citie so that the Iustices beeing in some perilles they thoughte feygned themselues to sitte there till towardes Easter Wheervpon when the K. coulde not get the names of them that reysed the tumult no otherwise but that they were certaine light persons of the common people he at length pardoned the offence After this those Iustices neyther sate in the Tower nor else where of all that yeare The Emperor won from the King of Englands friendshippe In the meane whyle the French King had with bribes wonne Lewes of Bauaria that named himselfe Emperour from further fauouring the King of Englande in so muche that vnder a colourable pretence of finding him selfe greeued for that the King of England had without his knowledge takeÌ„ truce with the French king he reuoked the dignitie of being vicar in the Empire from the King of England but yet signified to him that where the Frenche Kyng had at hys request put the matter in controuersie betwixte him and the Kyng of England into his handes to make an ende thereof if it so pleased the Kyng of England The Empeâ—… offereth 〈◊〉 a meane 〈◊〉 concludâ—… peace that hee should treate as an indifferent arbitrator betwixt them he promised to doe his endeuor so as he doubted not but that by hys meanes he shoulde come to a good agreement in his cause if he wold follow his aduice and to receyue aunswere hereof he sente his Letters by a chaplayne of his one Eberhard the reader of the Friers hermites of Saint Augustines order requesting the King of England to aduertise hym by the same messenger of his whole minde in that behalfe The Kyng for aunswere signifyed againe by his letters vnto the Emperoure The Kyngs aunswere that for the zeale whiche he hadde to make an accorde betwixt him and his aduersarie Phillippe de Valoys that named himselfe French King he could not but muche commend him and for his parte hee had euer wished that some reasonable agreement mighte bee had betwixt them but sith hys right to the Realme of France was cleere manifest inough hee purposed not to committe it by writing vnto the doubtful iudgement or arbitrement of anye and as concerning the agreemente which the Emperor had made with the Frenche Kyng bycause as he alledged it was lawfull for him so to do sith without the Emperors knowledge hee had taken truce with the same Frenche King he said if the circumstances were wel considered that matter could not minister any cause to moue him to such agreement for if the Emperor remembred he had giuen to him libertie at all times to treate of peace without making y e Emperor priuie thereto so that without his assent he concluded not vppon any small peace which hee protested that he neuer meant to do till he might haue his prouidente aduice counsell and assente therevnto And as concerning the reuoking of the vicarshippe of the Empire from him hee tooke it done out of tyme for it was promised that no such reuocation should be made till he had obteyned the whole Realme of France or at the least the more part thereof These in effect were the poyntes of the Kyngs letters of aunswere vnto the Emperor Dated at London the thirtenth of Iuly in the second yeare of his raigne ouer Fraunce and fifteenth ouer England This yeare about Midsommer The deceasse of the Lorde Geffrey de Scrope and of the Byshop of Lincolne The Queene brought to bedde or somewhat before at Gant in Flanders dyed the Lorde Geffrey Scrope the Kings Iustice and Henry Byshoppe of Lincolne two chiefe counsellors to the King The Queene after hir returne into EnglaÌ„d was this yeare brought to bed in the Tower of London of a daughter named Blanch that dyed yong and was buried at Westminster In this meane while during the warres betwixt France and Englande the Frenche Kyng in fauour of Dauid king of Scotland had sente menne of warre into Scotlande vnder the conduit of Sir Arnold DaÌ„dreghen who was after one of the Marshals of France and the Lorde of Garentiers with other by whose comfort help the Scottes that tooke parte with King Dauid did endeuor themselues to recouer out of y e English mens handes suche Castels and fortresses as they helde within Scotland as in the Scottishe historie ye shall finde mentioned and how aboute this time their King the foresaide Dauid returned foorth of France into Scotland by the french kings help who hauing long before concluded a league with him thought by his friendshippe to trouble the King of England so at home that he shoulde not bee at great leysure to inuade hym in France But now to tell you what chanced of the meeting appoynted at Arras The commissioners that met at Arras for the commissioners that should there treate of the peace when the day assigned of their meeting was come there arriued for the King of EnglaÌ„d the Bishop of Lincolne the Bishop of Duresme the Earle of Warwike the Earle of Richmond Sir Robert Dartois sir Iohn of Heynault otherwise called Lord Beaumont and sir Henry of Flaunders For the french King there came the Earle of Alaunson the Duke of Burbon the Earle of Flaunders the Earle of Blois the Archbyshoppe of Sens the Bishop of Beaunoys and the Byshop of Auxerre The Pope sente thither two Cardinals Naples and Cleremont these commissioners were in treatie fifteene dayes during the which many matters were putte foorth and argued but none concluded for the Englishmen demanded largely and the Frenchmen woulde departe with nothing sauing with the Countie of Pontieu the which was giuen with Queene Isabell in marriage to the King of Englande This truce was prolonged about the feast of the decollation of Saint Iohn to endure til Midsomer then next following as the addition to Adam Mâ—…rimouth hath The occasion of the warres of Britaine So the treatie brake the commissioners departed and nothyng done but onely that the truce was prolonged for two yeres further Thus were y e warres partly appeased in some part of Fraunce but yet was the truce but slenderly kept in other partes by reason of the deathe of the Duke of Britaine For whereas contentioÌ„ rose betwixte one Charles de Blois and Iohn Earle of Mountfort about the right to the Duchie of Britaine as in the historie of Fraunce it may more plainely appeare The Erle of MouÌ„tfort thinking that he had wrong offered him at the French Kings hands who fauoured his aduersarie Charles de Blois alyed himselfe with the King of Englande And as some write after he had wonne diuers Cities and Townes within Britaine he came ouer into England and by doing homage to King Edward acknowledged to holde
seruaunts and rested not till he came to his owne Castell where he dwelled being .xxx. mile distant from the place of the battaile There was taken also beside him Hec. Boetius Southwell Fabian Froissart the Erles of Fife Sutherlande Wighton and Menteth the Lorde William Dowglas the Lord Vescie the Archb. of S. Andrewes and another Bishop wyth Sir Thomelyn Fowkes and diuerse other men of name There were slaine of one and other to the number of .xv. M. This battaile was fought beside the citie of Durham Neuils crosse at a place called Neuils crosse vpon a Saterday next after the feast of S. Michaell See in Scotlād Pag. 350. 351 in the yeare of our Lorde .1346 He that will see more of this battaile may finde the same also set forth in the Scottishe hystorie as theyr writers haue written thereof And forsomuch as by the circumstances of their writings it shoulde seeme they kept the remembraunce of the same battaile perfitely registred wee haue in this place onely shewed what other wryters haue recorded of that matter and left that which the Scottishe Chronicles write to be seene in the life of king Dauid without much abridging thereof Hec. Boetius Counttreys of Scotland subdued by the Englishmen Froissart The English men after this victorie thus obteyned tooke the Castels of Roxburgh and Hermitage and also without any resistance subdued the Countreys of Annandale Galloway Mers Tiuidale and Ethrike Forest extending theyr marches forth at y e time vnto Cokburnes Peth and Sowtray hedge and after vnto Trarlinlips and crosse Cane The Queene of England being certainly enformed that the king of Scottes was taken and that Iohn Copland had conueyed him out of the field no man vnderstood to what place she incōtinently wrote to him Iohn Copland refuseth to deliuer the king of Scottes commaunding him forthwith to bring his prisoner king Dauid vnto hir presence but Iohn Copland wrote to hir againe for a determinate answere that he would not deliuer his prisoner the sayde king Dauid vnto any person liuing man or woman except onely to the king of England his soueraigne Lord maister Herevpon the Queene wrote letters to the king signifying to him both of the happie victorie chanced to his people against the Scots also of the demeanor of Iohn Coplande in deteyning the Scottish king King Edwarde immediatly by letters commaunded Iohn Coplande to repaire vnto him where hee laye at siege before Calais which with all conuenient speede he did and there so excused himselfe of that which the Queene had found hirselfe grieued with him for deteyning the king of Scots from hir that the king did not ◅ly pardon him but also gaue to him .v. C. Iohn C◅ rea◅ pounds sterling of yearely rent to him and to his hey◅ for euer in reward of his good seruice and valiant prowes and made him Esquier for his bodie cōmanding him yet vpō his returne into England to deliuer king Dauid vnto the Queene whiche he did and so excused himselfe also vnto hir that she was therwith satisfied and content The Queene then after she had taken order for the safe keping of the king of Scots and good gouernment of the realme toke the sea and sayled ouer to the K. hir husband stil lying before Calais Whilest Calais was thus besieged by the king of Englande the Flemings which had lately before besieged Betwine Iames M◅ The Fle◅ had raysed from thence about the same time that the battaile was fought at Cressy nowe assemble togither againe and doing what domage they mighte agaynste the Frenche men on the borders they lay siege vnto the towne of Ayre Moreouer Froissart they wrought so for the king of England earnestly requiring their friendship in that behalfe that their soueraigne Lorde Lewes 1347 An. reg ◅ Earle of Flaunders being as then about fiftene yeares of age fianced the Ladie Isabel daughter to the king of England The Earle of Fla◅ders ◅strayned to promise ◅riage to the king of Englāds d◅g◅ more by cōstraint in deed of his subiects than for any good wil he bare to the king of England for he would often say that he would neuer mary hir whose father had slain his but there was no remedie for the Flemings kept him in maner as a prisoner till he graunted to folow their aduice But the same weeke that the mariage was appoynted to bee solemnized the Earle as he was abrode in hawking at the Hearon stale away and fled into France not staying to ride his horse vpon the spurres till he came into Arthois and so dishonourably disappoynted both the king of England and his owne naturall subiects the Flemings to their high displeasure There were taken beside the Lorde Charles de Bloys naming himselfe Duke of Brytayne diuerse other Lordes and men of name as Monsieur Guy de la Vaal sonne and heyre to the Lorde la Vaal which dyed in the battayle the Lord of Rocheford the Lorde de Beaumanour the Lord of Loyack with other Lordes knights and Esquiers in great numbers There were slaine the sayde Lorde de la Vaall the Vicounte of Rohan the Lorde of Chasteau Brian the Lorde de Mailestr◅ite the Lorde de Quintin the Lord de Rouge the Lord of Dereuall and his sonne Sir Raufe de Montfort and many other worthie men of armes Knightes and Esquiers to the number betwixt sixe and seuen hundred as by a letter wrytten by the sayde sir Thomas Dagworth and regystred in the Hystorie of Robert de Auesburie it doeth appeare In this meane while King Philip hauing daylye worde howe the power of his enimie king Edwarde dyd encrease by ayde of the Easterlings and other nations Fabian whiche were to him allyed and that his menne within Calais were brought to such an extreame poynt that wythout speedie reskue they coulde not long keepe the Towne but muste of force render it ouer into the handes of hys sayde enimye to the great preiudice of all the Realme of Fraunce Thē French king assembleth an army Froissart after greate deliberation taken vpon this so weightie a matter hee commaunded euerie man to meete hym in theyr best array for the warre at the feast of Pentecost in the Citie of Amiens or in those marches At the day and place thus appoynted there came to him Odes Duke of Burgoigne and the Duke of Normandie eldest sonne to the King the Duke of Orleaunce his yongest sonne the Duke of Burbon the Earle of Fois the Lorde Lois de Sauoy the Lorde Iohn of Heynault the Erle of Arminacke the Earle of Forrest and the Erle Valentinois with many other These noble men being thus assembled they tooke counsayle which way they myght passe to gyue battayle to the Englishe menne It was thought the best way had beene through Flaunders but the Flemings in fauour of the king of Englande denyed The Fleming a besiege Ayre not onely to open theyr passages to the
Iohn de Vienne and al the other captains and menne of name were stayed as prysoners and the common souldiers and other meane people of the Towne were licenced to depart and voyde theyr houses leauing all their armor and ryches behinde them The king would not haue any of the olde inhabitantes to remaine in the towne saue onely a Priest and two other auncient personages such as best knew the customes lawes and ordinaunces of the towne He appoynted to sende ouer thither amongest other English men there to inhabite .xxxvj. Burgesses of London Calais made a colonie of Englishmen and those of the wealthiest sort for he ment to people the towne only with Englishe men for the better and more sure defence thereof The King and the Queene were lodged in the Castell and continued there tyll the Queene was deliuered of a daughter named Margaret The Queene brought to â—…ed in the Caâ—…el of Calais Polidor The Cardinals of whom ye heard before being come as Legates from Pope Clement to moue communication of peace did so much in the matter that a truce was graunted betwixte the realme of England and Fraunce for the tearme of .xij. monethes or two yeares as Froissart hath But the English Chronicle Caxton â—…ames Mair 〈◊〉 and Iacobus Meir seeme to agree that this truce was taken but for nine monethes though afterwards the same was proroged Women harde 〈◊〉 agree To the which truce all parties agreed Brytayne excepted for the two women there would not be quieted but still pursued the warre the one agaynst the other After that this truce was accorded the king with the Queene hys wyfe returned into Englande and lefte for Captayne wythin Calais one Sir Amerie of Pauie an Italian Knight Sir Amerie de Pauie or as other Bookes haue he was but Captayne of the Castell or of some one of the Towers of that towne whiche seemeth more lyke to be true than that the king shoulde commyt the whole charge of the Towne vnto hys gouernment beeing a straunger borne and therefore Iacobus Meir is the more to be credited that writeth how sir Amerie of Pauie was left but in charge with the Castell onely and that the towne was committed to the keeping of the Lorde Iohn Beauchampe and Lewes his brother But fow that there was a peace thus concluded betwixt the two kings 1348 Thom. VVals it seemed to the Englishe people that the Sunne brake forth after a long clowdie season by reason both of the greate plentie of all things and remembraunce of the late glorious victories for there were fewe women that were housekeepers within this lande but they had some furniture of household that had beene brought to them out of Fraunce as part of the spoyle got in Caen Calais CareÌ„ten or some other good towne And beside householde stuffe the English Maydes and Matrones were bedecked and trymmed vppe in Frenche womens Iewels and apparell so that as the French women lamented for the losse of those things so our women reioysed of the gaine In this .xxij. yeare An. Reg. 22. Great raine from mydsommer vnto Christmasse for the more part it continually rained so that there was not one day and night drie togither by reason whereof great flouds ensued and the ground therwith was sore corrupted and many inconueniences ensued as great sicknesse and other insomuch that in the yeare following in Fraunce the people dyed wonderfully in dyuerse places In Italy also 1349 An. reg 43. A great mortalitie and in many other Countreys as well in the landes of the Infidels as in ChristeÌ„dom this grieuous mortalitie raigned to the great destruction of people About the ende of August the like death beganne in dyuerse places of Englande and especially in London continuing so for the space of a twelue month following And vpon that ensued great barrennesse as well of the sea as the lande Dearth neyther of them yeelding such plentie of things as before they had done Wherevpon vittaile and corne became scant and hard to come by Aboute the same time died Iohn Stretforde Archbishop of Canterburie after whome succeeded Iohn Vfforde and liued not in that dignitie past ten monethes and then followed Thomas Bredwardin who deceassed within one yere after his coÌ„secration so y t then SimoÌ„ Islep was coÌ„secrated Archb. by Pope Clem. y e .vj. being the .liij. archb y t had sit in that seat Within a while after W. Archb. of York died in whose place succeeded Iohn Torsby being the .xliiij. Archbishop that had gouerned that Church Moreouer in this .xxiij. yere of king Edwards raigne the great mortalitie in England still continuing A practice to betray Calice there was a practise in hand for the recouering againe of Calice to the French kings possession The Lorde Geffray of Charnye lying in the towne of S. Omers did practise with sir Amerie de Pauie to be receyued into the towne of Calice by the Castell secretly in the night season The Italian gaue eare to the Lord Geffrey hys sute and to make few wordes couenanted for the summe of .xx. M. crownes to betray the towne vnto him in such sort as he coulde best deuise Here writers varie Diuersitie in writers for Froissart sayth that king Edwarde had information thereof before that sir Amerie de Pauie vttered the thing himselfe but the French Chronicles and also other writers affirme that the Italian aduertised the king of all the drift and matter betwixt him and the Lorde Geffrey of Charny before he wente through with the bargaine â—…aâ—…n But whether by him or by other truth it is the king was made priuie to the matter at Hauering Bower in Essex where hee kept the feast of Christmasse and therevpon departing from thence Froissart he came to Douer and the day before the night of the appoyntment made for the deliuerie of the Castell of Calice hauing secretely made his prouision he tooke shipping and landed the same night at Calice 〈◊〉 kinâ—… seâ—…reâ—… 〈◊〉 passeth 〈◊〉 to Calice in so secrete maner that few of the towne vnderstoode of his arriuall hee brought with him out of England three hundred men of armes and six hundred archers whom hee â—…ayde in Chambers and towers within the castel so closely that â—…we or none perceyued it the maner he knewe by sir Amerie de Pauie his aduertisements accordingly as it was agreed betwixt them that the Lorde Geffrey of Charny was appoynted to come and enter the towne that nyght The L. Geffrey de Charnâ—…y for the king had commaunded sir Amerie to proceede in marchandising with the sayd Lord Charny and onely to make him prinie of the day and houre in the which the feate shoulde bee wrought 〈…〉 The Lorde Geffrey de Charny being couenanted that he shoulde bee receyued into Calice the first night of the newe yeare departed from Saint Omers where hee hadde assembled fiue hundred Speares the last day of December towarde
vnreasonable to be rased or reformed After they had communed togithers dyuers times and remayned there a fifteene dayes they appointed to aduertise the two Kings of theyr whole doyngs and after nine dayes space to meete againe The Frenche Dukes rode to Abbeuile where the Frenche King then laye and the Englishe Dukes returning to Calais wrote to the King of England of all the whole matter The Duke of Gloucester was harder to deale with in eache behalfe concerning the conclusion of peace than was the Duke of Lancaster for he rather desired to haue had warre than any peace excepte such a one as shoulde bee greatly to the aduantage and honor of the Realme of Englande and therefore the commons of Englande vnderstanding hys disposition agreed that hee should be sent rather than any other For where in times past y e Englishmenne hadde greatly gayned by the warres of Fraunce as well the commons The Englishe Gentlemen maynteyned by the French warres as the Knightes and Esquiers who had by the same mainteyned their estate they could not giue their willing consents to haue any peace at all with the Frenchmen in hope by reason of the warres to profyte themselues as in times past they had done The Frenche King and the nobles of Fraunce were greately enclined to peace and so likewise was the King of England the Duke of Lancaster But the Frenchmen were so subtile The subtiltie of the Frenchmen and vsed so many darke and coloured words that the Englishmen had much adoe to vnderstaÌ„d them whiche offended much the Duke of Gloucester But neuerthelesse at the daye prefixed these foure Dukes met againe at Balingham and with the French Lords came the King of Armony newly retorned into France foorth of Grecia for into his owne countey â—…e durst not come The commissioners meete agayne the Turkes hauing conquered it except the strong Towne of Coniche The King of Armony which the Genewayes held The K. of Armonye woulde gladly that peace mighte haue bin established bitwixt Fraunce and Englande in hope to procure the sooner some ayde of the Kings to recouer his kingdome But to coÌ„clude after that the Dukes and other with them associate as assistants had diligently perused and examined the articles of their treatie they would not passe nor seale to anye Obscure and doutfull words to be opened till all darke and obscure words were cleerely declared opened and made perfect so that no generall peace mighte be concluded A truce for .4 yeres betwene Englande and Fraunce Notwithstanding yet as Froyssarte hath a truce for four yeares vppon certayne articles was agreed to be kept as well by sea as by lande It was thought that when they were at poynt to haue growen to agreement concerning many articles if the French King had not newly fallen into his former disease of frensie there had better effect followed of this treatie but by occasion of his sicknesse eache man departed before that anye principall articles coulde be fully ordered and made perfect The same time Sir Thomas Percy the yonger was made Lorde Warden of Burdeaux and Aquitaine An. reg 17. Great tempestes In September muche hurte was done thorough exceeding greate thunder lightning and tempestes whiche chaunced in many partes of Englande but speciallye in Cambridge shire where manye houses were brente with no small quantitie of corne Greate inundations and flouds of water followed shortly after in October Muche hurte done by great flouds in Suffolke whiche did muche hurt at Bury and New-market in Suffolke where it ouerthrew walles of houses and putte men and women in greate daunger of drowning A great plage in Essex In Essex also in September greate mortalitie fell by pestilence amongst the people whereof many died The Towne of Chierburg was restored againe to the King of Nauarre who had engaged it to the King of England for two thousand markes 1394 A Parliamente was holden at Westminster whiche began in the Octaues of Saint Hillarie The King purposing to goe ouer into Ireland required a subsedie the Cleargie graunted to him a whole teÌ„th toward the furnishing forth of that iourney if he wente himselfe if he wente not yet they agreed to giue to him the moâ—… of a tenth In time of this Parliamente there appeares great euill will to remayne betwixt the Duke of Lancaster and the Earle of Arundell for the Duke imposed to the Earle that about the exaltation of the Crosse Varlâ—… 〈…〉 duke of Lancaster and the Erle of â—…â—…ell hee lay wyth a company of armed men in the castell of Holte by Chester the same time that the country there rose against the Duke with their Capitaine Nicholas Clifton and his complices whome he ment as the Duke alledged to haue aided against him but the Erle this flatly denyed and with probable reasons so excused himselfe as the quarrell at length was taken vp and the parties for the time well quieted This yeare on Whitsonday beeing the seauenth of Iune Queene Anne departed this life The death of Queene Anne to the great griefe of hir husband King Richard who loued hir entierly She deceassed at Sheâ—…e and was buried at Westminster vpon y e South side of Saint Edwards Shrine The King tooke suche a conceyte with the house of Shene where she departed this life The K. deficeth the house of Shene bycause the queene dyed there that hee caused the buildings to bee throwen downe and defaced whereas the former Kings of this lande beeing weery of the Citie vsed customarilye thither to resorte as to a place of pleasure and seruing highly to theyr recuâ—…tion Thus the King the Duke of Lancaster and his sonne the Earle of Derby were widdowers all in one season for the Lady Constance Duches of Lancaster daughter to Peter Kyng of Spaine deceassed the last yeare whilest hir husbande the Duke of Lancaster was at the treatie in Fraunce and the same tyme also deceassed the Countesse of Derby wife to the Lorde Henry Earle of Derby Moreouer in this yeare .1394 Isabell Duchesse of Yorke departed this life that was halfe sister to the Duchesse of Lancaster beeing borne of one mother She was buried at Laâ—…gley This yeare in August An. reg 〈◊〉 A proclamation that 〈…〉 reâ—… 〈◊〉 their 〈◊〉 was a proclamation sette foorthe that all Irishmenne shoulde auoyde this lande and returne home into their owne Countrey before the feast of the Natiuitie of our Lady on payne of life The occasion of whiche proclamation was for that such multitudes of Irishmen were come ouer into this region in hope of gaine that the Countreys in Ireland subiect to England The English 〈…〉 almost 〈…〉 were in manner lefte voyde of people so that the enimies spoyled and wasted those Countreys at theyr pleasure finding fewe or none to withstande them And where King Edwarde the third had placed in Ireland his benche and Iudges with his Eschecker for the good administration of Iustice and
countermaunded home by the King and so to satisfie the kings pleasure hee returned into Englande and commyng to the Kyng at Langley where hee helde hys Christmas was receyued with more honor than loue as was thoughte wherevpon 1396 hee roade in all hast that might be to Lincolne where Katherine Swinforde as then laye whome shortly after the Epiphanie hee tooke to wife This woman was borne in Haynaulte daughter to a Knighte of that Countrey called sir Paou de Ruer shee was broughte vp in hir youth The Duke of Lancaster marieth a Ladye â—…a meane estate whome he had kept as his concubine in the Duke of Lancasters houses and attended on his first wife the Duchesse Blanche of Lancaster and in the dayes of his seconde wyfe the duchesse Constance he kept the foresaid Katherin to his Concubine who afterwardes was married to a Knight of England named Swinford that was nowe deceassed Before shee was married the Duke had by hir three children two sonnes and a daughter one of the sonnes highte Thomas de Beaufort and the other Henry who was brought vp at Aken in Almaine prooued a good Lawyer and was after Byshoppe of Winchester For the loue that the Duke had to these his children he married their mother y e sayd Katherine Swinfort being now a widow wherof men maruelled muche considering hir meane estate was farre vnmeete to matche with hys highnesse and nothing comparable in honor to his other two former wiues And indeede the great Ladies of EnglaÌ„d as the Duches of Gloucester the Countesses of Derby Arundell and others discended of the bloud royall greately disdeyned that she should be matched with y e Duke of Lancaster and by that meanes be accompted seconde person in the Realme and preferred in roomth afore them and therefore they sayde that they woulde not come in anye place where shee should be present for it should be a shame to them that a woman of so base birthe and Concubine to the Duke in his other wiues dayes shoulde goe and haue place before them The Duke of Gloucester also being a man of an high minde and stoute stomacke misliked with his brothers matching so meanely but the Duke of Yorke bare it well ynough and verily the Lady hir selfe was a woman of suche bringing vp and honorable demeanor that enuie coulde not in the ende but giue place to well deseruing Wicleuistes encrease About this season the doctrine of Iohn Wickliffe still mightely spred abroade heere in Englande and the scisme also still continued in the Churche betwixt the two factions of Cardinals Frenche and Romanes for one of their Popes coulde no sooner be dead but that they ordeyned an other in his place In this eighteenth yeare also was a wonderfull tempest of winde in the monethes of Iuly and August and also most specially in September by violence whereof in sundry places of this Realme greate and wonderfull hurte was done both in Churches and houses The Ambassadors that hadde bin lately in Fraunce about the treatie of the marriage as before you haue heard 〈…〉 An. reg 〈◊〉 A trâ—… 〈…〉 yeres bâ—… England and Fraunce Tho. VVâ—… wente thither 〈◊〉 so after that the two Kings by sending 〈◊〉 fro were light vppon certaine poyntes 〈◊〉 â—…nauntes of agreemente the Earle Maâ—… letters of procuration married the Lady 〈◊〉 in name of King Richarde so that from thâ—… forth she was called Queene of England Amongst other couenauntes and Articles of this marriage there was a truce accorded to â—…dure betwixt the two Realmes of England and Fraunce for tearme of thirtie yeares The Pope wrote to king Richard besieching him to assist the Prelates againste the Lâ—…s as they tearme them whome hee pronounceâ—… be traytors both to the Church and Kingdome and therefore hee besoughte him to take order for the punishmente of them whome the Prelates should denounce to be Heretikes The same time The Popes 〈◊〉 to 〈…〉 the Wâ—… hee sente a Bull reuocatâ—… concerning religious men that had either at hys hands or at the handes of his Legates or Nâ—…cios purchased to be his Chaplaines accompting themselues thereby exempt from their order so that nowe they were by this reuocatorie Bull appointed to returne to their order and to obserue all rules thereto belonging This liked the Fâ—…ers well namely the Minors that sought by all meanes they mighte deuise how to bring theyr breethren home againe which by suche exemptions in being the Popes Chaplayne were segregate and deuided froÌ„ the residue of their brethren K. Rich gâ—… ouer to Câ—… The King in this tweÌ„tith yere of his raigne went ouer to Calice with his vncles the Dukes of Yorke and Gloucester and a greate manie of other Lordes and Ladies of honor and thyther came to him the Duke of Burgoigne and so they communed of the peace There was no enimie to the conclusion thereof but the Duke of Gloucester who shewed well by his words that he wished rather war than peace in so muche as the King stoode in doubt of him least hee woulde procure some rebellion againste him by his subiects whome he knewe not to fauor greatly thys new aliaunce with Fraunce The King after the Duke of Burgoigne had talked with him throughly of all things and was departed from him returned into Englande leauing y e Ladyes still at Calais to open the couenauntes of the marriage and peace vnto his subiects and after hee hadde finished with that businesse and vnderstoode theyr myndes hee went againe to Calais and with him hys two Vncles of Lancaster and Gloucester and dyuers Prelates and Lordes of the Realme and shortly after came the Frenche Kyng to the bastide of Arde accompanyed with the Dukes of Burgoigne Berrie Britaigne and Burbonne The 〈◊〉 of the â—…vievv 〈◊〉 King 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 Kyng There were set vp for the king of Englande aright faire and riche pauillion a little beyonde Guysnes within the English pale and an other the lyke pauillion was pight vp for the Frenche king on this syde Arde within the Frenche dominion Fabian so that betweene the sayde Pauillions was the distaunce of .lxx. paces and in the midwaye betwixte them bothe was ordeyned the thyrde Pauillion at the whyche bothe Kings comming from eyther of theyr Tentes sundrye tymes shoulde meete and haue communication togyther The distance betwixte the two tentes was beset on eyther side in tyme of the enterview with knights armed with theyr swordes in their hands Froissart that is to say on the one side stood .iiij. C. French knights in armure with swords in their hands on the other side foure hundred English knightes armed with swordes in theyr handes making as it were a lane betwixte them through the whiche the two kings came and mette Fabian wyth suche noble men as were appoynted to attende them And a certaine distance from the two first pauillions were appointed to stande suche companies of men as either of them by appointment had couenanted
bootie of beasts and cattaile he returned The Emperor of Constantinople comming into England to sue for aide against y e Turkes The Emperor of Constantinople câ—… into England was met by the K. on blacke heath vpon y e feast day of S. Thomas the Apostle broughte vnto London with great honor The K. bare all hys charges presenting him with giftes at his departure meete for such an estate After y e feast of the Epiphanie 1401 a Parliamente was holdeÌ„ in which an Acte was made A parliament agaynst those y t held opinions in religion contrary to the receiued doctrine of the Church of Rome ordeyning y t wheresoeuer any of theÌ„ were found and proued to set forth such doctrine they shoulde bee appreheÌ„ded deliuered to y e B. their dyocefane if they stood stiffely in their opinioÌ„s and would not be reformed they should be deliuered to y e secular power to be brent to ashes The first y t tasted the smart of this Statute was one Wilâ—… Hawtree or Sawtree a priest One brench Smithfield y e being appreheÌ„ded was breÌ„t in Smithfield in time of this Parliament About the same time K. Henry according to promise made as ye haue heard Additionâ—… the châ—… of Flaâ—… vnto the French Ambassadors sente ouer into the Countrey of Guisnes Edward Earle of Rutland otherwise in king Richards dayes entituled Duke of Aumarle sonne to Edmond Duke of Yorke There waâ—… also the Eâ—… Deuâ—… Froiâ—… Elieâ—…ck Froâ—… HeÌ„ry Earle of Northumberlande and his sonne the Lord Henry Percy the Lord Yuan Fitzwaren the Bishops of Winchester and Lincolne where the Duke of Burbon the Lordes Charles d Albert Charles de Hangest CoÌ„missioners 〈…〉 treate 〈◊〉 peace Iohn de Chastelmorant the Patriarke of Ierusalem and the Byshops of Paris and Beauuois were ready there to commune with them and so they assemblyng togither at sundry tymes and places the French men required to haue Queene Isabell to them restored but the Englishmen seemed loth to departe with hir requiring to haue hir married to Henry Prince of Wales one in bloud and age in all things to hir equall but the French â—…e woulde in no wise condiscende thereto wiâ—…te their Kings consente The frenche â—…ng â—…abled 〈◊〉 â—…ensâ—… who at that presente was not in case to vtter his mind being troubled with his wonted disease The commissioners then began to treate of peace and at length renewed the truce to endure for sixe and twentie yeares yet to come â—…or 25. â—…res wherevnto the foure yeares passed beeyng added made vp the number of thirtie yeares according to the conclusion agreed vpon in the life time of King Richard Eâ—… Some Authors affirme that ther was a new league concluded to continue during the lyues of both the Princes The frenchemen demauÌ„de 〈◊〉 for Queene Isabel The Frenchmenne dyuers times required to haue some dower assigned forth for Queene Isabell but that was at all times vtterly denyed for that the marriage betwixte hir and King Richard was neuer consummate by reason whereof she was not dowable Neuerthelesse shee was shortly after sente home vnder the conduct of the Earle of Worcester associate with dyuers other noble and honorable personages both men and women hauing with hir all the iewels ornameÌ„ts and plate which she brought into England with a great surphisage besides Additions of the Chro. of â—…rs â—…he is deliueâ—…â—…me giuen to hir by the King She was delyuered betwixte Bulloigne and Calais vnto Valeran Earle of S. Pol the French Kings Lieutenant in Picardie who being accompanyed with the Byshop of Chartres the Lord de Hugueuile the Lady of Monpensier sister to the Earle of Marche the Lady of Lucenburgh sister to the saide Earle of S. Pol and diuers other Ladyes and Gentlewomenne whiche receyued hir with greate ioy and gladnesse and taking leaue of the Englishe Lordes and Ladies they conueyed hir vnto the Dukes of Burgoigne and Burhunne that attended for hir not far off vpon a hill with a great number of people They first conueyed hir to Bulleigne and after to Abuile froÌ„ whence the Duke of Orleyaunce conueyed hir to Paris She is conueied to Paris vnto the presence of the K. hir father Hir seconde marriage and the Q. hir mother She was after giuen in marriage vnto Charles son to Lewis Duke of Orleaunce About the same time An. reg 3. Owen Glendower The daunger of the king to haue bene destroyed Owen Gleindouer and his Welchmen did much hurt to the Kings subiects One night as the King was going to bed he was in danger to haue bin destroyed for some naughtie traiterous persons hadde conueyed into his bed a certaine iron made with smithes crafte like a Caltroppe with three long prickes sharpe and small standing vpright in sort that when he had laid him downe and that the weighte of hys body should come vpon the bed he shuld haue bin thrust in with those prickes and peraduenture slayne but as God would the K. not thinking of any such thing chanced yet to feele and perceyue the instrument before he layde him downe and so escaped the daunger About Whâ—…tfontide a conspiracie was deuised by certayne persons that wished the Kings deathe A brute was spred abrode that K. Rich. was liuing mainteyning and bruting abroade that King Richarde was aliue and therefore exhorted men to stand with him for shortly he would come to light and reward such as tooke hys part with iust recopence herewith there was a priest takeÌ„ at Ware A priest taken or as some bookes haue at Warwike who had a Kalender or rolle in whyche a great number of names were written moe than were in any wise giltie to the fact as afterwards appeared by the same priests confession for being examined whether he knew such persons as hee had so enrolled were there present before him he sayd he neuer knewe them at all and beeyng demaunded wherefore hee had then so recorded their names he aunswered bycause hee thoughte they would gladly doe what mischief they could against King Henry vpon any occasion offered in reuenge of the iniuries done to King Richarde by whome they had bin aduaunced and princely preferred When therefore there appeared no more credite in the man he was condemned He is executed drawen hanged and quartered and dyuers that had bin appreheÌ„ded about that matter were releassed The Priour of Launde apprehended and set at libertie Shortly after y e Prior of Launde who for his euill gouernemement had bin depriued of his state and dignitie was likewise executed not for attempting any thing of himselfe but only for that he confessed that he knew euill counsaile and concealed it His name was Walter Baldocke a Chanon sometyme in Dunstable and by King Richarde promoted to the Priorship of Laund Grey Friers apprehended Also the same time certayne grey Friers were apprehended for treason which they had deuised to
concluded by K. Henrie with the French king A lâ—…gue betweene king Henry and the Duke of Burgoigne and the whole 〈◊〉 of the realme of France there was a priuate league accorded betwixt him and the Duke of Burgâ—… the effect whereof was comprehended in articles as followeth First that the duke of Burgoigne should procure this peace lately before concluded to be obserued firme and stable in all couenants poynts therof so farre as he by any meanes might 〈◊〉 the same in consideration wherof one of the brethren of king henry should take to wife one of the said duke of Burgoigne his sisters That K. HeÌ„rie should euer haue in singular fauor the said D. of Burgoigne as his most dere brother support him in all his rights That the said duke after the deceasse of king Charles shuld take an othe of â—…altie to be true to king Henrie his heyres according to the forme tenor therof before expressed shuld in al things be friend to k. H. his heires foreuer That k. Henry shuld do his vttermost endeuor that due punishment might bee had for the murther of Duke Iohn father to the sayd Duke of Burgoigne aswell vpon Charles that named himselfe Dolphin as vpon others that were guiltie and priuie to that murther If the sayd Dolphin chanced to be takeÌ„ either in battail or town besieged or if any other chanced so to be taken that should be proued guiltie or priuie to the murther of the sayd duke Iohn he should not be deliuered without iust punishment for his deches nor without the coÌ„sent of the two kings Charles and Henrie of the three estates of both the realmes In consideration of the great diligence and painfull trauaile susteyned by the duke of Burgoigne it was also agreed that he should haue by Paâ—… graunted of king Charles and Queene Isabella fee of .xx. thousand pounds Parisien of yerely reuenues assigned forth neare to the confines of his Countrey to enioy the same to him and to hys wyfe the Duches Michel and to the heires 〈◊〉 betwixt them two lawfully begotten to the obteyning whereof king Henry should shew all hys furtherance if it might not be brought to passe till king Henrie had obteyned the Crowne of Fraunce then should hee see the same perforâ—… vpon the receyuing of his homage The king of Englande after all the articles of the said treaties and agreements were concluded The effect of King Henâ—… Oration to 〈◊〉 French king passed sworne vnto made to the French K. the duke of Burgoigne other the French Lordes a sumptuous banquet before they departed froÌ„ the same he sadly and soberly made to theÌ„ a eight pithie and senteÌ„tious oration declaring to theÌ„â—…oâ—… how profitable the ioyning of the two kingdomes shoulde bee to the subiectes of the same 〈…〉 the right that hee had thereto being by lyâ—…all disent of the womans side which is the 〈◊〉 rather a Frenchman than an Englishman and though he was an Englishman borne yet he assured them to tender the wealth of the Realme of France as much as he would the aduancement of his owne natiue Countrey of England herewith hee inueyghed againste Charles the Dolphin being the head and onely mainteyner of all the ciuil discord whose wicked nature and cruel disposition did wel appeare in the murther of the late Duke of Burgoigne he therfore willed theÌ„ according to their duetie othe and agreement to stand with him and help to reduce suche a stubborne and disloyall sonne vnto the obeysance of his father K. Charles that hee might shew himselfe conformable vnto suche orders and decrees as they had taken appointed and agreed vpon and for his parte he promised to worshippe loue and honor his father in lawe y e said K. Charles in place of his owne father according to the true meaning of this concorde and agreemente trusting the same to bee a peace finall And to conclude he promised that if they shewed theÌ„selues true and loyall to him according to the same agreement the Ocean Sea should sooner ceasse to flow and the bright sunne lose his light than he woulde desist from doing that whiche became a Prince to do to his subiect or a father to his naturall child When hee had thus perswaded the nobilitie and dispatched his businesse at Troies he with all his armie hauing with him the freÌ„ch King It was rendred vp the tenth of Iune Titus Liuius Seâ—…s Monstreau besieged and taken The siege was layde the .xvi. â—…ne and the Duke of Burgoigne departed froÌ„ thence the fourth of Iune and vpon the seuenth day of the same moneth came before the towne of Sens in Burgoigne which held on the Dolphins part but after four days siege it was yeelded vnto the King and there he made Captaine the Lord Genuille From thence hee remoued to Monstreaw on fault Yonne which towne was taken on the three and twentith day of Iune by assault and many of the Dolphins part apprehended before they could get to the Castell When the King had thus ordred his busines he w t the Q. his wife the princes nobles of the Realme departed froÌ„ Paris y e sixth of Ianuarie 1421 came to Rouen but first before his departing he caused proces to be made awarded forth against Charles y e Dolphin coÌ„manding him to appeare at the marble table at Paris where for lacke of appearance hee was with al solemnitie in such case requisite denouÌ„ced giltie of y e murther homicide of Iohn D. of Burgoigne by the sentence of Parliament banished the realme but y e Dolphin withdrew into Languedoc and after to Poictiers getting to him such friends as he could namely he found y e erle of Arminacke very faithfull to him not only aiding him with men but also in his owne person he continually serued him against all his aduersaries The K. of England comming to Roane soiourned there a certain time receiued y e homage of all y e nobles of NormaÌ„die amoÌ„gst whom y e erle of Stafford did homage for y e countie of Perche These Counties they enioyed of the kings gift and Arthur of Britaigne lykewise for the countie of Ivrie He also ordeined his Lieutenaunt generall both of France Normandy his brother Tho. D. of Clarence his deputie in NormaÌ„dy was the Erle of Salisburie WheÌ„ the feast of Christmas was passed hee departed froÌ„ Roane w t the Q. his wife by Amiens came to Calais wher he tooke ship the morow after Candlemas day He landed at Douer on CaÌ„delmasse euen sayeth Tho. Walsingham landed at Douer came to Canterburie from theÌ„ce to Eltham so through LondoÌ„ to West I passe ouer to write what ioy triumph was shewed by the Citizens of LondoÌ„ K. Henry returneth into England with his new wyfe and of al other his subiectes in euery place where he came The King hymselfe to render vnto God
An. reg 22. slaughter and brenning sore defaced all Christendome lamented the continuall destruction of so noble a realme and the effusion of so muche christen bloud wherfore to agree the two puissant Kings all the Princes of Christendome trauayled so effectuously by their oratours and Ambassadors The dyet at To◅ or a peace to bee ◅d betvvene Englande and Fraunce that a dyet was appoynted to be kept at the citie of Tours in Tourayne where for the king of Englande appeared William de la Poole Earle of Suffolke doctour Adam Molyns keeper of the Kings priuie seale also Sir Robert Ros and diuers other And for the French king were appointed Charles duke of Orleans Lewes de Bourbon earle of Vandosme greate Maister of the Frenche Kynges householde Piers de Bresse Stewarde of Poyctowe and Bertram Beaunau Lorde of Precigny There were also sente thyther Ambassadours from the Empire from Spayne from Denmarke and from Hungarie to bee mediatours betwixte the two Princes The assemble was greate but the coste was muche greater insomuche that euerye parte for the honour of theyr Prince and prayse of theyr countrey sette foorth themselues as well in fare as apparell to the vttermoste Many meetings were had and many things moued to come to a fynall peace but in conclusion by reason of many doubtes whyche rose on both parties no finall concorde coulde be agreed vppon but in hope to come to a peace a certayn truce as well by sea as by lande A truce for .18 moneths was concluded by the Commissioners for eyghteen Moneths 1444 whyche afterwarde agayne was prolonged to the yeare of our Lord .1449 if in the mean time it had not bene broken In the treatyng of this truce the Earle of Suffolke extending his commission to the vttermost without the assent of his associates imagined in his fantasie that the next way to come to a perfecte peace was to moue some marriage betwene the Frenche Kinges kinsewoman the Ladye Margarete daughter to Reynet Duke of Aniou and hys Soueraygne Lorde Kyng Henrye This Reyner duke of Aniou named himselfe king of Sicile Naples and Ierusalem hauing only the name and stile of those realmes without any penie profite or foote of possession This mariage was made straunge to the erle at the first and one thyng seemed to bee a greate hinderaunce to it whiche was bicause the kyng of Englande occupyed a greate parte of the Duchye of Aniowe and the whole Countie of Mayne apperteyning as was alledged to king Reyner The Earle of Suffolke I can not saye eyther corrupted with brides or too muche affectioned to thys vnprofytable mariage condescended and agreed that the Duchie of Aniowe and the Countie of Mayne should be deliuered to the King the brydes father demaunding for hir marriage neyther pennye nor farthyng as who woulde say that this newe affinitie passed all riches and excelled bothe golde and precious stone And to the intent that of this truce might ensue a finall concorde a daye of enterview was appointed betwene the two kings in a place conuenient betwene Chartres and Roan When these thyngs were concluded the earle of Suffolke wyth his companie retourned into Englande where he forgat not to declare what an honourable truce he hadde taken out of the whyche there was a greate hope that a fynall peace myght growe the sooner for that honourable marryage whyche hee hadde concluded emittyng nothyng that myght extoll and ◅te foorth the personage of the Ladye or the nobilitie of her kinne But although this mariage pleased the kyng and dyuers of hys Counsell yet Humfrey duke of Gloucester protector of the realme was much agaynste it alledging that it should be both contrarie to the lawes of God and dishonorable to the Prince if he shoulde breake that promise and contract of mariage made by ambassadors sufficiētly therto instructed with the daughter of the Erle of Arminack vpon conditions both to him and his realme as much profitable as honorable But the Dukes wordes coulde not be heard for the Earles doings were only liked and allowed So that for performance of the conclusions the Frenche king sent the Erle of Vandosme great maister of his house and the Archebishop of Remes fyrst peere of Fraunce and diuers other into Englande where they were honorably receyued and after that the instrumentes were once sealed and deliuered on both partes the sayd ambassadors retourned into their countreys with greate giftes and rewardes When these things were done the king both for honour of his Realme Creations of estates and to assure to himselfe mo frends he created Iohn Holland Earle of Huntington Duke of Excester as his father was and Humfrey Erle of Stafford was made duke of Buckingham Henry erle of Warwike was erected to the title of duke of Warwike to whom the K. also gaue the castell of Bristowe with y e Isle of Iernesey and Garnesey Also the erle of Suffolk was made Marques of Suffolk which Marques with his wife and many honorable personages of men and women richely adorned both with apparell iewels hauing with them many costly chariots gorgeous horslitters sailed into France for the conueyance of the nominated Queene into the realm of England For king Reigner hir father for all his long stile had too short a purse to send his daughter honorably to the King hir spowse This noble copany came to the citie of Tours in Tourayne An. reg 23. 1445 where they were honorably receiued both of the French K. and of the K ▪ of Sieil The Marques of Suffolke as procurator to K. Henry espoused the sayd Lady in the churche of S. Martins At the whiche mariage were presente the father and mother of the bryde the Frenche Kyng himself which was vncle to the husband and the French Queene also whiche was Aunt to the wyfe There were also the Dukes of Orleans of Calabre of Alanson and of Britayne vij Erles .xij. barons xx Bishops beside knightes and Gentlemen When the feast triumph bankets and iustes were ended the Lady was deliuered to the Marques which in great estate he conueyed through Normandie vnto Diepe and so trāsported hir into Englande where shee landed at Portesmouth in the moneth of Aprill This woman excelled al other aswel in beautie and fauor as in wit and policie and was of stomacke and courage more lyke to a man than a woman And furthermore the Earle of Arminacke tooke suche displeasure with the Kyng of Englande for thys marryage that hee became vtter enemye to the Crowne of Englande and was the chiefe cause that the Englyshemen were expulsed oute of the whole Duchie of Aquitayne But moste of all it shoulde seeme that God was displeased wyth this marriage For after the confirmation thereof the Kings friends fell from hym bothe in Englande and in Fraunce the Lordes of his Realme fell at diuision and the commons rebelled in suche sorte that fynally after many fieldes foughten and many thousands of men slayn the
wan no smal commendasion for that his good happe in taking suche a prisoner whose name for his often approued prowes was so famous euen among the enimies Some haue written that hee was taken through default of those that were appoynted to follow him sithe he vndertooke to charge the enimie in hope that by them he shoulde haue beene assysted but surely those that hadde the charge of this conuey doubting by aduenturing too farre to put all in hazarde thought it wisedome rather to suffer the losse of one than to leoparde the whole not perteyning which way to remedie the matter at that present Then after y t the generall of Hadington was thus taken prisoner to the great griefe vndoubtedly not onely of all the garnison there but also of all such as tendered the aduauncement of the kings Maiesties seruice Sir Iames Crostes sir Iames Crostes was thought a man most meetest to supplie the place and therefore by the Lorde Protectour and other of the Counsayle was ordeyned Generall of that Towne of Hadington and the Garnison there in whiche rowmth hee bare himselfe so woorthilye as if I shoulde not bee suspected of flatterie for that hee lyueth yet and in suche credite as the worlde knoweth I myght moue my selfe matter to say rather muche than sufficiently ynough in his due and right deserued commendation The King by the aduice of his counsayle meaning to prosecute the warres in Scotlande wyth greate forces reteyned a newe power of Lansquenets and other straungers vnder the conduct of dyuerse and sundrie Captaynes but in the meane tyme the French King meaning to breake wyth the King of Englande thought to haue stolne the Fortresse of Bullenberg so that a chosen power of menne of warre to the number of seuen thousande vnder the conduction of Monsieur de Chatillon being sent downe about that exployte on May day at night came forward with theyr Ladders and all other furniture meete for the purpose approching about the houre of midnight neare to the Fort within the which were not at that tyme manye aboue three hundred and fiftie souldiers vnder the gouernement of Sir Nicholas Arnaulte Knight generall of that peece Sir Nicholas Arnault captaine of Ballenberg a Captayne of greate courage and no lesse diligence in hys charge And as it chaunced there were among the Frenchmen three or foure Englishe men which hauing matched themselues in mariage wyth women of that Countrey after the peace was concluded betwixt Fraunce and England were discharged out of the King of Englandes wages and remayning with their wines gote entertainement among the Frenchmen and were with Monsieure de Chatilloâ—… nowe comming towardes this enterprise wherevpon one of the same Englishemen named Carter 〈…〉 Englishmen serâ—â—g among 〈◊〉 FrenchmeÌ„ that had aforetime giuen intelligence to the sayde 〈◊〉 Nicholas of the Frenchmennes doings so farre as hee mighte learne and vnderstand the same woulde gladly also haue aduertised by â—â—â—fore hande of the Frenchmens purpose at this time but Monsieur de Charillon kepte the matter so secrete that Carter nor anye of the other Englishmen had knowledge thereof till they were now marching forwarde so that Carter coulde not get away from them till they were approched within lesse than a quarter of a myle of Busten Berge and then slipping asyde from among them came running so fast as hee mighte towardes the forte crying bowes bowes as lowde as his voyce would serue and so gaue the alarme to them within the fort One of the Souldiers called Morgayne Deaton that chaunced to be there at hande in skoute wyth three or foure other straight knew hym and broughte him to the drawe Bridge where Sir Nicholas Arnault caused him to bee drawen vppe betwixt two pikes vnto whome hee declared howe the Frenchmenne were at hande meaning to assaulte hys forte nowe vpon the suddaine in hope sorte surprise it Herewith it needed not to wil Sir Nicholas to bâ—…stâ—â—re him â—…o cause 〈◊〉 man to make readye 〈◊〉 place themselues 〈◊〉 was 〈…〉 moste appeâ—â—ente and vndoubtedlye â—â—eâ—â—able courage of that worthy Gentlemanne furthered muche to cause euerye Captayne and Souldioure vnder him to put away all feare and to haue a regarde to do his duety in receiuing of y e enemies warre seemed they were glitâ—â— of the occasion whereby they might shewe proofe of theyr accustomed manhoode against the enemie y t thus come to steale on theÌ„ without wanting in purpose to kill euerye manne that tell them theyr handes if theyr intention hadde taken place makyng nowe suche hast forewarde that before the Englishemenne coulde bâ—…e well readye wyth theyr armoure and weapons in theyr appointed places the Frenchmenne were gotte to the ditches and appointing a number of their beste souldiers The Frenchmen assaulte Pullogne berg the most part Gentlemen and double payes with targettes battayle axes and pistolles to haue the firste shale saluted them within vppon theyr very apprche with seauen hundred harqueâ—â—ze shot at the first voice The Englishmenne by order giuen by Sir Nicholas kept themselues close till the Frenchmen by their skaling ladders which they broughte with them and had quickly raysed against the walles beganne to mounte vppe and enter vpon them at which instant off went the Flankers Those of Sir Nicholas Arnaults Mounte discharged very wel at the first but at the second voice the morters burst Albeit there were two brasse peeces that were planted alofte on the same mount of the whyche the one discharged fiue and twentie shotte by the maister and the other seauen and twenty by his mate Sir Nicholas Arnault here beyng accompanyed with hys Captaines and Souldyers aboute hym stoode at defence so stoutely as was possible doing so valiantly that theyr fame deserueth to liue for euer There were burst vppon the faces of the enemies ouer and beside the shotte that was bestowed among them no smal store of Pikes and blacke â—â—lles The Frenchmen certainely flucke to it manfully and doing what laye in their vttermost power to enter the peece stil supplied the places of their dead meÌ„ wery with freshe succours Carter that came to bring word of their comming with a pike in his hande standing at the place of the Bulwarke where the assaulte was clâ—…efâ—…ne giuen fought manfully and was hurte both in the thigh and arme Sir Nicholas Arnault himself was also hurt with a pike in the nose and Captaine Waren standing by him receiued two shottes in his corselet hauing twoo or three linkes of his chaine striken into his necke Captain Broughton also shewed himself verie valiant hee hadde sixteene of his armed men there with him of whom there was not one that had not his corselet perced through The number of Englishmen slaine were reconed to bee about fiue and twentie and hurte eight and fiftie Of Frenchmen many were slaine beside those y t were hurte at length hauing contained the assault from midnight till some what after the break of day The Frenchmen repulsed
request was graunted hee therefore demaunded of them if they knew him or euer had any conuersation with him and they all said no. Then the letter being shewed and redde he declared the very trueth of the matter and vpon what occasion he tolde Greeke of blacke Wil neuerthelesse hee was condemned and suffered These coÌ„demned persons were diuersly executed in sundry places for Michaell maister Ardens man was hanged in chaynes at Feuersham and one of the maides was brent there pitifully bewarling hir case and cryed out on hir mistres that had brought hir to this ende for the whiche she would neuer forgiue hir Mosby and his sister were haÌ„ged in Smithfielde at London mistres Arden was burned at Caunterbury the .14 of Marche Greene came againe certayne yeares after was apprehended condenmed and hanged in cheynes in the hygh way betwixt Ospring and Boughton agaynste Feuersham black Wil was brent on a scaffolde at Flishing in Zeland Adam Foule that dwelte at the floure de lice in Feuersham was broughte into trouble about this matter and caried vp to London with his legges bound vnder the horse belly and committed to prison in the Marshalsey for that Mosby was heard to say had it not bin for Adam Foule I hadde not come to thys trouble meaning that the bringing of the siluer dice for a token to him from mistres Arden as ye haue heard occasioned him to renue familiaritie with hir againe but when the matter was throughly ripped vp and that Mosby had clered him protesting that he was neuer of knowledge in any behalfe to the murther the mans innocencie preserued him This one thing seemeth verye straunge and notable touching master Arden that in the place where he was layd being dead all the proportion of his body might be seene two yeares after and more so playne as could be for the grasse did not growe where his body hadde touched but betweene his legges betweene hys armes and about the holownes of his necke and rouÌ„d about his body where his legges armes head or any parte of his body hadde touched no grasse growed at all of all that time so that many strangers came in that meane time beside the Townesmen to see the print of his body there on the ground in that field which field he hadde as some haue reported cruelly taken from a woman y t had bin a widow to one Cooke and after maried to one Richarde Read a mariner to the great hinderance of hir and hir husband the sayd Read for they had loÌ„g enioyed it by a leasse whiche they had of it for many yeares not then expired neuerthelesse he got it from them for the which y e saide Reades wife not only exclaymed against him in sheading many a salte teare but also cursed him most bitterly euen to his face wishing many a vengeance to light vpon him and that all the worlde might wonder on hym which was thought then to come to passe when hee was thus murthered and lay in that fielde from midnight till the morning and so all that day being the fayre day till night all the whyche daye there were many hundreds of people came wondering aboute hym And thus farre touching this horrible and haynous murther of master Arden To returne then where we lefte About this tyme A Parliament â–ª the Kyngs maiestie calling hys hygh Couer of Parliamente helde the same at Westminster the three and twentith daye of Ianuary in thys fifth yeare of hys raigne and there continued it vntill the fiftenth daye of Aprill in the sixth yeare of his sayd raigne In this Parliamente the Booke of common prayer which in some part had bin corrected and amended was newly confirmed and established And in the ende of thys Parliamente The sweatâ—… sicknesse there chanced a great and contagious sicknesse to happen in the Realme whych was called the sweating sicknesse whereof a great number of people dyed in a small time namelye in the Citie of London And it seemed that God hadde appoynted the sayde sicknes onely for the plague of Englishmenne for the most that dyed thereof were men and not women nor children And so it folowed the Englishmen that suche Merchants of England as were in Flaunders and Spayne and other Countreys beyonde the Sea were visited therewithall and none other nation infected therewith And it began first in Aprill in y e North parts and so came through the Realme and continued vntill September nexte following The disease was suddayne and greeuous so that some beeyng in perfect health in one houre were gone and dead within foure houres nexte following And the same being hote and terrible inforced the people greately to call vppon God and to doe manye deedes of charitie but as the disease ceased so the deuotion quickly decayed At this time also the Kinges maiestie The embasiâ—… of the coyne with the aduice of hys priuie Counsaile and hauyng also great conference with merchants and other perceyuing that by suche coynes and copper moneys as hadde bin coyned in the time of the King his father and now wâ—â—â— commonly cuâ—…râ—â—t in 〈◊〉 Realme and in diedâ—… a great walâ—…r of them not 〈◊〉 thy halfe the valbeâ—… thâ—…t they were 〈◊〉 at to the greate dishonour of the Kings mâ—…dist 〈◊〉 and the Realme and to the deceit and aâ—…dinâ—… 〈◊〉 hindetaure of all the Kynges maiesties 〈◊〉 of subiectes did nowe purpose not onely the aâ—…sirâ—… of the saâ—…â—…pper moneys but also meant whâ—…lly to 〈◊〉 oâ—… them into Bâ—…llyoÌ„ to the intent deliuer fine and good moneys for them And therfore in the monetâ—… of Iuly by his graces Proclamation he abased the peece of .xij. peâ—…ce commonly called a teston vnto nine pees and the peece of four pence vnto three prince And in Augusturâ—…t following the peece of nine pence was abased to sixe pence and the pâ—…ece of three pence vnto hys pence and the pennie to an halâ—… pennie The eleuenth daye of October there was it greate creation of Dukes and Earles as the L. Marques Dorset was created D. of Suffolke the Earle of Warwike made Duke of Northumberlande and the Earle of Wilshire made Marques of Winchester and sir William Harbert maister of y e horse was made Erle of Pembroke diuers Gentlemen were made Knights â—…e Duke of â—…arter aâ—… appreâ—… and committed to â—…e Tower The sixtenth day of the saide moneth beeing Friday the D. of Sâ—â—erset was agayne apprehended and his wife also and committed to the Tower and with hâ—â— also were committed sir Michaell Stanhope sir Thomas Arundell Sir Rauf Auane sir Miles Partridge and other for suspition of treason and â—…elonie whereof they all were shortly afterindicted and so standing endicted the seconde day of December next following the said Duke was brought out of y e Tower of London with the axe of the Tower borne before him with a greate nuÌ„ber of villes gleiues howards and pollaxes attending vpon him and so came into Westminster Hall where was made in
Englishe exiles 301.2 Wincigi an army of strangers departe out of England 215.37 Winchelsey town spoyled by the rage of the Sea 723.53 Robert Winchelsey made Archbishop of Canterburie 806.13 a. his obstinacie against the King 822. 20. b. accused to the Pope 841.28 b. dyeth 852.43 a William Conquerour repenteth hym of his crueltie towardes the Englishmen 315.20 VVinchcombe Steeple Church throwne downe by thunder and lyghtning 322.1 Whitlafe king of Mercia chased out of his estate 203.82 Whitlafe restored too hys kingdome 204.2 Windsore castell committed to the keeping of straungers 762.11 William Conquerour protesteth that hee came too the rule of Englande by mere conquest 303.26 William Malmesb cyted 329.42 and .345.70 and 345.80 and .362.89 Wibteth Archb. of Rauēna set vp Pope by Henrie the Emperour against Vrbane 330.96 William son to king Stephen constrayned to surrender to K. Henry the second such landes as he held of the demain of the crowne 397.17 William of Malmesb cited 118.50 and .125.9 and 129.26 and .134.34 Wiptish fielde fought betweene the Britains and Saxons 126.25 Winchelsey won by force by prince Edward 776.44 Winghā Henrie elected B. of Winchester 755.87 William son to K. Henrie the first borne 341.62 William erle of Mortaigne taken prisoner 345.26 William sonne too Robert duke of Normandie erle of Flaunders 346.76 William consecrated B. of Winchester 347.10 Wil. Witlesey made Archb. of Canterburie 975.34 b Wight spoyled by Frenche men 1007.10 a Winchester castell razed by the friends of K. Henrie the thirde 611.68 Wicleuists rage against the Friers Augustins 1059.30 a. Wiremouth Abbey buylded 163.8 Windsore castell repayred 963.34 b. Winchelsey burnt by french men 965.40 a Wicleuists write agaynste the Cleargie 1086.17 a William Wickham Bishop of Winchester made chancellour 1075.38 a Wilton woon and rifled by the Danes 243.59 Wingfields letters conteyning the blacke Printers iourney 952.1 b Wicleuistes increase 1075.50 a. 1088.44 a. Wisbeche people perishe by rage of water 649.34 Whitsand besides Canterburie 225. ◅8 Wilton Towne set on fire 379.75 Wichport spoyled by the Danes 239.39 241.39 Wilton Nunrie buylded richly endowed 234.10 Winds 968. ◅4 b. 1076.3 b Wil. Zouch slaine 1288.11 Winchelsey burnt by the French men 1021.12 b Wicliffes Iohn opinions 993.30 b. 1023.57 a. Williā Parre kni 1329.14 Wil. L. Hastings 1340.20 William de Valence Earle of Pēbroke dieth 815.35 Wigmore towne repayred 222.82 William Mandeuile executed for cōspiracie 1249.36 Willoughbie Henry knight sent into Flāders 1435.48 Winter sharpe 1153.33 Winchester or Caerguent builded 19.8 Wimundham Priory founded 705 Wimundham 445.8 Winnebert murtherer of K. Ethelbert 196.113 Wigmore Castell surrendred to the king 396.13 William Malmesb cyted 223.61 and .264.74 William Nēuil Lord Fauconbridge 1311.25 Wil. Marleb cited 305.69 Wilnotus released oute of prison 315.17 Wilnosus son to erle Godwin 273.94 William Catesby 1371.57 Wine good cheape 1058.40 William duke of Normandies pedegrue and title to the crowne of Englande 282.91 Winchester won by surrender and spoyled by the Barons 772.49 Williā Zouch made Archbishop of York 908.13 a dieth 943.38 b Wickliffes doctrine 1038.19 b. William Neuill L. Fauconbridge 1297.12.1307.22 Wye riuer 270.52 Williā Lucre knight slain 1300.1 Winchester castel besieged 377.60 Windsore fortresse 391.12 Williā Trowtbeck knight pag. 129◅ col 2. lin 34. William Peche 1298.38 Wye riuer 297.29 Windsore 278.76 William Butley speaker of the Parliament 1271.55 William Wickham Bishop of Winchester 1144.3 William a Parre slaine 1304.5 Wil Corum slaine 1288.13 Wil. Parre knight 1125.35 Wil. Hosey esquier 1288.56 Wil. Malm. cited 364.72 Wilkinson Oswalde executed 1864.40 VVlnardus Bishoppe of Hereforde 195.12 VVorcester Citie taken and sacked by the Barons 765.54 VVorceter Citie almost wholy consumed wyth fire 352.25 VVorceter citie and castel besieged and deliuered 318.73 Women desirous too haue their beautye blased 232.101 VVorceter citie taken and cōsumed with fire 384.19 VVolstane keepeth his bishoprike by working a myracle 309.70 VVolstans Crosier staffe myraculously sticketh fast in Sainte Edwardes tombe 309.75 VVorceter castell besieged and deliuered 384.20 VVoodstock manor builded 364.13 VVorldly pleasures turne too naught in a moment 188.62 VVorceter Citie and the Countrey burnt and sacked for sleaing K. Hardicnuts collectors 267.26 VVool staple remoued frō Flaunders intoo Englande 941.27 a VVomen prophecie of the Romaines expulsing out of Britaine 61.12 VVorshipping of Images refused by the Princes and bishops in Englande 199. ◅8 VVolstane Archbishop of Yorke 227.6 VVolstane imprisoned for being of counsaile with his countrymens reuolting from K. Edredus 229.77 and why otherwise 230.7 VVolstane set at libertie and pardoned 230. a VVodnesburie battayle sought betweene the west Saxons and Mercians 187.104 VVoduile Edward Lord VVoduile aydeth the duke of Brytaine with foure C. men withoute the kings consent 14◅3 34. hath almost all hys men slaine ead 56. VVoolfes payed to King Edgar for a yearely trybute 232 VVoluesey castell won by Lewes ◅01 3 VVolstane Bishoppe of VVorcester submitteth himselfe to King VVilliam 291.56 VVodens pedegrue deriued from Adams 239.29 VVoden an anciēt prince of the Saxons 1◅3 5 VVoden falsly reputed a God 113. ◅ VVodens children their posteritie 1◅9 100 VVolshere king of Mercia departeth this lyfe 181.44 VVomen with childe how to bee ordred concerning Churchrites 149.71 Wolsey Cardinall thought to be author of the kings doubt of the lawfulnesse of his mariage 1551.1 is displeased with the Emperor and why 1551.7 sitteth in iudgemēt vppon the kings mariage 1551.24 offended wyth the Kings liking of the Ladie Anne Bolongne laboreth to stay sentence 1552.21 is in displeasure with the king eadem 43. hath the great seale takē from him ead 20. is condemned in a Premn◅ire ead 30. is depriued of the Bishoprike of Duresme and the Abbey of Saint Albons all his goods ead 40. is sent downe into his Diocesse of York 1554.20 writeth too the King for his Pall and Miter 1555.8 is arrested ead 24. dieth ead 46 is described 1556.1 VVodenesdic 145.57 VVodenesborne battaile fought by the Britaine 's agaynste the Saxons 145.77 Thomas of VVodstocke created Earle of Buckingham 1006.8 b Woods in VVales cutte downe 811.53 a Thomas of VVoodstocke created Earle of Buckingham 1050.2 b VVooll staple remoued to Calais 969.12 a VVooddes cut downe in Anglesey 60.1 Woodfield battaile fought by the Englishmen against the Danes 221.66 VVolde VVilliam prior of Birlington putte too death 1570.15 VVoolstaple at Sandwich 799.4 a VVonwaldremere 201.35 VVorthie answere of Hērie the thirde to the Popes Nuncio 713.74 VVonden people called by the Englishmen by y e name of Danes 215.16 VVorseley William deane of Poules traitor 1443.42 Woodhouse Thomas executed 1869.54 VVorceter Abbey buylded 277.31 VVorlde drowned by the great deluge 1.53 Wolshere brother to Peada made king of Mercia 176.47 VVolfgangus Lazius cited 105.92 VVonders 968.10 d VVolsey Thomas the kings Almoner 1479.7 taketh the oth of the Citizens of Tourney for the king 1479.21 consecrated Bishop of Lincolne 1494.36 borne at Ipswich and described ibid. consecrated Archbishop of yorke 1496.50 chosen Cardinall
vnto much deuotion and workes of mercie as in doing of almes deedes by prouiding for the poore and such like godly exercises so that in true vertue hee was thought to excell all other Princes of his time To be briefe herein A godly strife there seemed to be in maner a certaine strife betwixt him and that vertuous Queene his wife which of them should be most 〈…〉 of god so that man y e people by 〈…〉 of them were brought vnto better 〈…〉 and hir daughter Christine also 〈◊〉 example of these two holy liuers Agatha and Christine renounce the worlde 〈…〉 and got them to a priuate 〈…〉 wherein they gaue theÌ„selues wholy 〈…〉 Furthermore Malcolme by the 〈…〉 of the Queene his wife ceassed not to set his endeuor wholy to the aduauncement of the christian religion and to restore 〈…〉 decayed by the negligence of his predecessors Therefore whereas before his time there were but four Bishops Seas in Scotland as Saint Androwes Glasgew Galloway and Murthlake and two of them Bishops seas reâ—â—â—ed and newly erected by king Malcolme that is to say Saint Androwes and Murthlake remayning onely in good â—…eparation the other being decaieth he restored the other two to their former beauties and furthermore erected two other of new as Murrey and 〈◊〉 placing men of singular vertue and purenesse of life in the same But to proceede It is says that such outrageous riot entred at this time and began to growe in vse amongest the Scottishmen Riot and superfluous cheat brought into Scotland togither with the language and maners of the English nation by reason that such a multitude of the same flying out of their Countrey were dayly receyued as then into Scotlande to inhabite there as before is shewed that diuerse of the nobles perceiuing what discommoditie decay to the whole realme would ensue of this kinde of intemperaney The lamentation of the Scottish nobilitie for the intemperate darkening began to grow in vse in these Countrey came to the king lamenting grieuously the case for that this venemous infection spred so fast ouer the whole realme to the peruerting and vtter remouing of the auncient sobrietie of dier vsed in the same wherefore they besought him to prouide some remedie in time before hope of redresse were past that the people might be againe reduced vnto their former frugalitie The auncient surenesse of diet amongst the Scottes who hitherto vsed not to eate but once in the day and then desiring no superfluous meates drinkes to be sought by sea land nor curiously dressed or serued forth with sances but onely feeding to satisfie nature and not their greedy appetites Sober fare cause of streÌ„gth and hugenesse of bodie Through which their sober fare with the exercising of their bodies herewith in continual trauaile they grew more strong and greater of bodie than their ofspring are founde to be in these dayes for they were more in resemblance like vnto Giantes than vnto men of our time with great and huge bodies mightie armes and lims pressing vppon their enimies like fierce Lions bearing downe all before them without dread of any daunger for that they exceeded all humane strength and power Herevpon king Malcolme tooke great paines to haue redressed this infectiue poyson and vtterly to haue expelled it forth of his realme howbeit the nature of man is so prone ready to embrace all kinds of vice Mans nature prone to vice that where the Scottishe people before had no knowledge nor vnderstanding of 〈◊〉 fact or riotous 〈◊〉 yet after they had once tasted the 〈◊〉 poysoned baiâ—… thereof there was now neÌ„ meane to be found to restrain theyr â—…edrous desires Anny or those corrupted abuses and victour superfluities which came into the realme of Scotland with the Englishmen planted therin by the dayes of king Malcolme â–ª are not to bee compared in 〈◊〉 with things vsed in our time for in those dayes as yet the nature of man was not so ouercome with the abuse of superfluâ—…ties as it is now adayes for then â—…ought they were gone 〈◊〉 the auncient spaâ—…enesse of diet they yet did not eate past twice a day The greedie tast of mens insatiable lust and had but two dishes at a meale but nowe the greedie tast of mens insatiable lust is suche that no kinde of fleshe fishe fruite or whatsoeuer maye be gotten is vneth able to quenche theyr gluttonous appetite and rauenous gurmandize so that neyther lande Sea nor ayre is left vnsought to satisfie the same as though they were worthie of most high coÌ„mendation that may deuoure most Men compared to Wolues CormaraÌ„ts wherein they may be iustly compared to greedie Woolues and Cormorants But to bewaile that in wordes which cannot be amended in deedes is but a folly for the infection is so entred into the inner partes of the intrayles that neither with purging cutting nor searing it may be holpen Sooner shall you destroy the whole Nation than remoue this vice In the meane tyme whylest things thus passed in Scotlande King William the Conquerour dyed in the .xxj. yeare of his raigne and after the incarnation .1087 1086. H.B. About whiche time King Malcolme caused the olde Church of Durham to be plucked down and buylded vp anewe The Church of Durham built by king Malcolme beginning euen at the first floore In which season one Egelwyn or William as the Scottishe wryters haue was Bishop of that Sea and Prior of the Abbay was one Turgot Turgot who afterwarde was made Bishop of Saint Androwes and wrote the liues of Queene Margaret and Malcolme hir husbande in the Scottish tongue Afterwarde hee deceassed in Saint Androwes but hys body was brought vnto Durham and there buryed bycause hee was fyrst Prior thereof King Malcolme by perswasion of this Turgot The church of Dunfermling builded also a Church in Dunfermling dedicated to the Trinitie The Sepulture of the Scottish kings ordeyning froÌ„ thenceforth that the common sepulture of the kings shoulde be there in like maner as it had bin afore time in the I le of Iona at the Abbay of Colmekill Amongest other vertuous ordinances also which were deuised made by king Malcolme through exhortation of his wife Queene Margaret mentioned by Turgot in the booke which he wrote of their liues this is not to be forgotten that he abrogated that wicked lawe established by king Ewyn the thirde King Ewyns law abrogated or rather altered appoynting halfe a marke of siluer to bee payde to the Lorde of the soyle in redemption of the womans chastitie which is vsed to be payed yet vnto this day is called the marchets of women where otherwise by tenour of king Ewins lawe the Lord had the vse of theyr bodyes for the first night after theyr maryage King William surnamed the Red William Rufus the seconde sonne of king William the Conquerour and successour to him in the kingdome
of Englande not wel contented nor pleased in his mind that the Scottes shoulde enioy a great portion of the north partes of England aunciently belonging to his crowne as parcell thereof he raysed a great army and before any denouncing of war by him made inuaded Northumberland The castell of Anwike won by the English men tooke the Castell of Anwike putting all suche to the sworde as were founde in the same King Malcolme to withstande such exploytes attempted by his enimie leuied a great hoste of his subiectes and comming with the same into Northumberlande besieged the sayde Castell of Anwike The castell of Anwike besieged by the Scottes And nowe when the keepers of the hold were at poynt to haue made surrender a certaine English knight conceiuing in his mind an hardie and daungerous enterprise mounted on a swift horse without armor or weapon sauing a speare in his hand vpon the poynt wherof he bare the keyes of the castel so issued forth at y e gates riding directly towardes the Scottish campe They that warded mystrusting no harme brought him with great noyse and claymor vnto the kings tent Who hearing the noyse came forth of his panilion to vnderstande what the matter ment The Englishman herewith touched his staffe as though it had beene to the ende that the king might receyue the keyes whiche he had brought And whilest all mens eyes were earnest in beholding the keyes An hardie enterprice the Englishe man ranne the king through the left eye and sodainly dashing his spurres to his horse escaped to the next wood out of all daunger The poynt of the speare entred so farre into the kings head that immediately falling downe amongst his men he yeelded vp the ghost K. Malcolme is slaine This was the ende of king Malcolme in the middest of his armie It is sayde that king William chaunged the name of this aduenturous knight The name of the Percees had no suche beginning for they came forth of Normandie at the conquest Earles of Northumberland and called him Pers E and for that he stroke king Malcolme so right in the eye and in recompence of his seruice gaue him certaine landes in Northumberlande of whom those Percees are discended whiche in our dayes haue enioyed the honourable tytle of Earles of Northumberlande The Scottes after the slaughter of their king brake vp theyr campe K. Malcolme buryed at Tynmouth and buried his bodie within the Abbay of Tynmouth in England But his sonne Alexander caused it to be afterwardes taken vp and buryed in Dunfermling before the Aulter of the Trinitie The same tyme was Scotlande wounded with an other missehappe Edward prince of Scotlande dyed For Edwarde the Prince of Scotlande eldest sonne to king Malcolme dyed of a burt which be receyued in a skirmish not farre from Anwike and was buryed in Dunfermeling the fyrst of the bloud royall that hadde hys bones layde in that place Queene Margaret being aduertised of the death both of hir husbande and sonne as then lying in Edenbourgh Castell hir disease encreased through griefe thereof so vehemently Queene Margaret died that within three dayes after she departed out of this life vnto an other more ioyfull and blessed King Malcolme was slaine in the yeare of of oure redemption 1092. 1097. H.B. The Ides of October H.B. on the .xiij. day of Nouember and in the .xxxvj. yeare of hys raigne Strange wonders In the same yeare manye vncouth things came to passe and were seene in Albion By the highe spring Tydes whiche chaunced in the Almaine Seas Aâ—… huge tyde many Townes Castels and Wooddes were drowned aswell in Scotland as in England After the ceassing of which tempest the lands that somtime were Earle Goodwines of whom ye haue hearde before lying not farre from the towne of Sandwich by violent force and drift of the Sea were made a sande bed and euer sithence haue beene called Goodwine sandes Goodwin sandes The people haue thought that this vengeance came to that peece of grounde being possessed by his posteritie for the wicked slaughter of Alured which he so trayterously contriued Moreouer sundrie Castelles and Townes in Murry lande were ouerthrowne by the sea Tydes Thunder Such dreadfull thunder happened also at the same time that men and beastes were slaine in the fields and houses ouerturned euen from their foundations Trees corne burnt In Lonthian Fife and Angus trees and corne were burned vp by fire kindled no man knew how nor from whence In the dayes of this Malcolme Cammore liued that famous hystoriographer Marianus a Scottish man borne Marianus but professed a Monke in the Monasterie of Fulda in Germany Also Veremond a Spanish priest Veremonde but dwelling in Scotland florished about the same time and wrote the Scottish historie whome Hector Boetius so much followeth The sonnes of king Malcolm Cammore Malcolme had by his wife Queene Margaret otherwise called for hir holinesse of life S. Margaret vj. sonnes Edward as is said was slain Etheldred which died in his tender age and was buried in Dunfermling and Edmond which renounced the world liued an holy life in England the other three were named Edgar Alexander and Dauid There be that write how Edmond was taken and put to death in prison by his vncle Donalde Bane Donald Bane when he inuaded the kingdome and vsurped the crowne after the deceasse of his brother king Malcolme and so then was Edgar next inheritour to the crowne Donalde Bane fled into the Iles. This Donald Bane who as before is mentioned fled into the Iles to eschue the tyrannical malice of Makbeth after he once heard that his brother king Malcolme was dead Donalde Bane returneth into Scotlande His couenant for the gift of the Iles to the king of Norway returned into Scotland by support of the K. of Norway vnto whom he couenanted to giue the dominion of all the Iles if by his meanes and furtheraunce hee might obteyne the crowne of Scotland Herevpon landing with an armie in the Realme he founde small resistance and so with little a doe receyued the crowne for many of the people abhorring the riotous maners and superfluous gurmandice brought in amongst them by the English men The respect that the people had to receyue Donald Bane for their king were willing inough to receiue this Donalde for their king trusting bycause hee had beene brought vp in the Iles with the olde customes and maners of their auncient Nation without tast of the English lykerous delicacies they shoulde by his seuere order in gouernment recouer againe the former temperancie of theyr olde progenitors As soone as Edgar Adeling brother to Queen Margaret was aduertised that Donalde Bane had thus vsurped the crowne of Scotland K. Malcolmes sonnes sent for into Englande by Edgar their vncle he sent secretly for his thre nephews Edgar Alexander and Dauid with two sisters which they had