found it nothing so Some bad fresh-water pearles I found there which were nothing round Orient nor very great I brought of them with me to the Spaniards and they said they were no Pearles but Topasses Camalaha is a place where they sell Women at certaine times in the manner of a Faire And there you shall buy colours such as the Saluages paint themselues with In this Faire which is called Camalaha which is to the South of Orenoco I bought eight young Women the eldest whereof I thinke neuer saw eighteene yeeres for one red-hafted knife which in England cost mee one halfe-peny I gaue these Women away to certaine Saluages which were my friends at the request of Warituc the Kings Daughter of Murrequito Tar or Taroo is an Iland which is to the South South-west of Orenoco To which place I went because they said there was neuer any that inhabited in this Iland but that it was in the manner of a bayting place for the Caribes when they had stollen people which they meant to eate One Captaine Caramatoij was my guide to this place whither we went somewhat strong with intent if wee could finde any Caribes on this Iland to kill them but wee found none Many houses wee found there couered with straw which wee set on fire And there I found close by the water side going about the Iland which was but small many stones of diuers colours To the West of this Riuer and Iland which is called Tar or Taroo is a Riuer which is called Habuc There are about this Riuer in most places eight ten seuenteene and thirtie fathomes water This Riuer of Habuc commeth from the Sea The entrance of this Riuer at the mouth is barred but at a full Sea you shall haue fourteene and fifteene foot water but in the Channell in which the Canoas enter which is but narrow there is more then sixe fathoms but I doubt that ships cannot enter there This Riuer Habuc is the best and surest harbour that I could finde for our ships and freest from the danger of the enemie and is not full eight dayes iourney from Orenoco The Riuer Europa lyeth to the East of Orenoco as you come from Trinidad you may as I certainly know going some twentie leagues in the Riuer of great Amana discouer the great and high Mountaine which is called Oecopa being there you shall plainly see the Playnes or Downes of Samia through which Playnes you may safely march ouer the Land within ten or twelue leagues of Cumana or to the Caracas From Orenoco also it is very easie to goe to the Towne of Santo Domingo which beareth North North-west directly but you must passe of force the Riuer Amapaia leauing the Iland called Amazones South and beare your course as neere as you can North-west or North North-west By this course you shall passe and escape the force and danger of the Towne and land some sixe dayes iourney from Santo Domingo The Riuer Wiaumli is to the North of Orenoco To goe into this Riuer which is little worth you may goe in the Land till you come to another small Riuer which is called Maccah directing your course South you shall within two dayes if your Canoa bee good enter the Riuer of Wiaumli The Land taketh the name of the Riuer The Gouernours name is Woripur Worrok Halaha Carrabouca is in the firme Land of the great Iland called Murrequito it is the common trade to goe to the rich Guiana or Manoa Drano is a faire Riuer but it is dangerous to goe farre in it by reason it lyeth due South-east from Orenoco and the Southermost part of the Moores of Anebas is very low so that the tanie waters issue in great abundance into this Riuer of Drano The danger for entring this Riuer is nothing but the doubt is onely of the bad water and most terrible dewes which fall from the Moores which are vnhealthfull and kill the Indians daily for that continually when they trauell they lie in the open aire The Eastermost part of Dorado is called Emeria There is a small Riuer which lyeth farre East in Emeria and beareth North North-west Through this Riuer called Capurisol is a sure a perfect and most safe way to goe to Peru but the iourney will aske eight or ten weekes to finish it Through these Riuers of force wee must passe with Canoas or Ship-boats or such like for there is alway very little water The Riuer of Capurisol lyeth in eight degrees and two terces to the North of the Equinoctiall Line But the North starre keepeth his degree and altitude 11. degrees and two terces In this Riuer is still a fine small brise of winde which lightly bloweth at West but at noone you shall hardly finde any winde CHAP. XII Captaine CHARLES LEIGH his voyage to Guiana and plantation there THe one and twentieth of March 1604. Captaine Charles Leigh in the Oliue Plant a proper Barke of some fiftie Tunnes accompanied with six and fortie men and boyes departed from Wolwich with intention to discouer and inhabit some part of the Countrie of Guiana where he had beene in a former voyage they stayed in the Downes vntill the eight and twentieth of the said moneth and passing thence they touched in the I le of Mogador on the coast of Barbarie in the moneth of Aprill where we stayed about some fiue dayes and watered on the mayne land in despite of the rebell Moores which would haue had money for our watering Thence with prosperous winde coasting the Iles of Cape Verde we passed ouer to the West Indies and vpon the tenth of May comming in change of water which shewed thicke and white by the next day we were in fresh water and the next day following about fiue in the morning wee saw two Ilands in the mouth of the Riuer of Amazones making account that we were fortie leagues vp the Riuer and came to an anchor in three fathoms vnder them which wee found low land couered with high Trees Then the Captaine with some eight of the best men of the ship went toward the shoare and finding many Indians comming toward them they returned aboard and found the ship almost aground but sounding the Bay brought their ship into the Channell which they found very narrow Within awhile after foure Indians in a small Canoa shewed themselues vnto vs to whom we sent our Boat with some of our commodities as Hatchets Kniues Glasses Beades they had nothing but Maiz and small blue-headed Parrots for which we gaue them some of our triffles Not long after another Canoa comming out our Boat clapt betweene them and the shoare to take some of them to learne the state of the Riuer by them but they freed themselues all saue one youth which was brought aboard which next day after escaped leaping into the Sea twelue leagues as we iudged from land Thus we tooke our leaue of the Riuer of Amazones
her aboord my ship This done an Indian was dispatched to Powhatan to let him know that I had taken his Daughter and if he would send home the Englishmen whom he deteined in slauerie with such armes and tooles as the Indians had gotten and stolne and also a great quantitie of Corne that then he should haue his daughter restored otherwise not This newes much grieued this great King yet without delay he returned the messenger with this answer That he desired me to vse his Daughter well and bring my ship into his Riuer and there he would giue mee my demands which being performed I should deliuer him his Daughter and we should be friends Hauing receiued this answere I presently departed from Patowomeck being the 13. of Aprill and repayred with all speed to Sir T. Gates to know of him vpon what condition he would conclude this peace and what he would demand to whom I also deliuered my prisoner towards whose ransome within few dayes this King sent home seuen of our men who seemed to be very ioyfull for that they were freed from the slauery and feare of cruell murther which they daily before liued in They brought also three pieces one broad Axe and a long Whip-saw and one Canow of Corne. I beeing quit of my prisoner went forward with the Frigat which I had left at Point Comfort and finished her Thus hauing put my ship in hand to be fitted for an intended fishing Uoyage I left that businesse to be followed by my Master with a ginge of men and my Lieutenant fortified on shoare with another ginge to fell timber and cleaue plankes to build a fishing Boat my Ensigne with another ginge was imployed in the Frigat for getting of fish at Cape Charles and transporting it to Henries Towne for the reliefe of such men as were there and my selfe with a fourth ginge departed out of the Riuer in my shallop the first of May for to discouer the East side of our Bay which I found to haue many small Riuers in it and very good harbours for Boats and Barges but not for ships of any great burthen and also great store of Inhabitants who seemed very desirous of on loue and so much the rather because they had receiued good reports from the Indians of Pembrock Riuer of our courteous vsage of them whom I found trading with me for Corne whereof they had great store We also discouered a multitude of Ilands bearing good Medow ground and as I thinke Salt might easily be made there if there were any ponds digged for that I found Salt kerned where the water had ouer-flowne in certaine places Here is also great store of fish both shel-fish and other So hauing discouered along the shore some fortie leagues Northward I returned againe to my ship the twelfth of May and hasted forward my businesse left in hand at my departure and fitted vp my ship and built my fishing Boate and made readie to take the first opportunitie of the wind for my fishing Voyage of which I beseech God of his mercy to blesse vs. CHAP. X. Notes of Virginian Affaires in the gouernment of Sir THOMAS DALE and of Sir THOMAS GATES till Anno 1614. Taken out of Master RALPH HAMOR Secretary to the Colonie his Booke WE found the Colonie at our arriuall there from the Bermudas not liuing aboue threescore persons therein and those scarce able to goe alone of wel-nigh six hundred not full ten monethes before The reason hereof is at hand for formerly when our people were fed out of the common store and laboured ioyntly in the manuring of the ground and planting Corne glad was that man that could slip from his labour nay the most honest of them in a generall businesse would not take so much faithfull and true paines in a weeke as now hee will doe in a day neither cared they for the increase presuming that howsoeuer their haruest prospered the generall store must maintayne them By which meanes we reaped not so much Corne from the labours of thirtie men as three men haue done for themselues To preuent which mischiefe hereafter Sir Thomas Dale hath taken a new course throughout the whole Colonie by which meanes the generall store apparell onely excepted shall not bee charged with any thing and this it is hee hath allotted to euery man in the Colonie three English Acres of cleere Corne ground which euery man is to mature and tend being in the nature of Farmers the Bermuda vndertakers onely excepted and they are not called vnto any seruice or labour belonging to the Colonie more then one moneth in the yeere which shall neither be in Seed time or in Haruest for which doing no other dutie to the Colonie they are yeerely to pay into the store two barrels and a halfe of Corne there to bee reserued to keepe new men which shall bee sent ouer the first yeere after their arriuall and euen by this meanes I dare say our store will bee bountifully furnished to maintayne three or foure hundred men whensoeuer they shall be sent thither to vs. Concerning the vndertaking of the Bermuda Citie a businesse of greatest hope euer begunne in our Territories there their Patent doth apparantly demonstrate vpon what termes and conditions they voluntarily haue vndertaken that imployment The Land is stored with plentie and varietie of wild Beasts Lions Beares Deere of all sorts onely differing from ours in their increase hauing vsuall three or foure Fawnes at a time none that I haue seene or heard off vnder two the reason whereof some of our people ascribe to the vertue of some grassie or herbe which they eate because our Goates oftentimes bring forth three and most of them two for my part I rather impute their fecundire to the Prouidence of God who for euery mouth prouideth meate and if this increase were not the Naturals would assuredly starue for of the Deere they kill as doe we Beefes in England all the yeere long neither sparing young nor olde no not the Does readie to fawne nor the young Fawnes if but two dayes olde Beauers Otters Foxes Racounes almost as bigge as a Foxe as good meate as a Lambe Hares wild Cats Muske Rats Squirrels flying and other of three or foue sorts Apossumes of the bignesse and likenesse of a Pigge of a moneth old a beast of as strange incredible nature she hath commonly seuen young ones sometimes more and sometimes lesse which at her pleasure till they be a moneth old or more shee tateth vp into her belly and putteth forth againe without hurt to her selfe or them Of each of these beasts the Lion excepted my selfe haue many times eaten and can testifie that they are not onely tastefull but also wholsome and nourishing food There are fowle of diuers sorts Eagles wild Turkeyes much bigger then our English Cranes Herons white and russet Hawkes wilde Pidgeons in Winter beyond number or imagination my selfe haue seene three or foure
seeing the eminent ensuing danger should I haue left this multitude not yet fully refined I am resolued to stay till haruest be got in and then settle things according to my poore vnderstanding and returne if in the interim there come no authorised Gouernour from England Consider I pray you since things be brought to this passe as you see and that I should haue come away if then through their factions humors mutinies or indiscretion of the Chiefes I had left behinde this should fall to ruine I then should receiue the imputation and incurre the blame for quitting the Plantation although I might doâ— it both with my honour my promised stay of time being expired and hauing warrant from my Soueraigne the Kings Maiesty but the precedent reasons moued mee and that this astion of such price such excellency and assured profit to mine owne knowledge should not dye to the scorne of our Nation and to giue cause of laughter to the Papists that desire our ruine I can assure you no Country of the world affords more assured hopes of infinite riches which both by mine owne peoples discouery and the relation of such Sauages whose fidelity we haue often found assureth me Oh why should so many Princes and Noblemen ingage themselues and thereby intermedling herein haue caused a number of soules transport themselues and be transported hither Why should they I say relinquish this so glorious an Action for if their ends be to build God a Church they ought to perseuere if otherwise yet their honour ingageth them to be constant Howsoeuer they stand affected here is enough to content them let their ends be either for God or Mammon These things hauing animated me to stay for a little season to leaue those I am tied in conscience to returne vnto to leaue the assured benefits of my other fortunes the sweete society of my friends and acquaintance with all mundall delights and reside here with much turmoile which I will constantly doe rather then see Gods glory diminished my King and Countrey dishonored and these poore people I haue the charge of ruined And so I beseech you to answer for me if you heare me taxed for my staying as some may iustly doe and that these are my chiefe motiues God I take to witnesse Remember me and the cause I haue in hand in your daily meditations and reckon me in the number of those that doe sincerely loue you and yours and will euer rest in all offices of a friend to doe you seruice To my very deere and louing Cosen M. G. Minister of the B. F. in London SIr the Colony here is much better Sir Thomas Dale our Religious and valiant Gouernour hath now brought that to passe which neuer before could be effected For by warre vpon our enemies and kinde vsage of our friends he hath brought them to seeke for peace of vs which is made and they dare not breake But that which is best one Pocahuntas or Matoa the daughter of Powhatan is married to an honest and discreete English Gentleman Master Rolfe and that after she had openly renounced her Country Idolatry professed the faith of Iesus Christ and was baptised which thing Sir Thomas Dale had laboured a long time to ground in her Yet notwithstanding are the vertuous deedes of this worthy Knight much debased by the Letters which some wicked men haue written from hence and especially by one C. L. If you heare any condemne this noble Knight or doe feare to come hither for those slanderow Letters you may vpon my word boldly reproue thom You know that no malefactors can abide the face of the Iudge but themselues scorning to be reproued doe prosecute with all hatred all those that labour their amendment I maruaile much that any men of honest life should feare the Sword of the Magistrate which is vnsheathed onely in their defence But I much more muse that so few of our English Ministers that were so hot against the Surplis and subscription come hither where neither spoken of Doe they not either wilfully hide their Tallents or keepe themselues at home for feare of loosing a few pleasures Be there not any amongst them of Moses his minde and of the Apostles that forsooke all to follow Christ But I referre them to the Iudge of all hearts and to the King that shall reward euery one according to the gaine of his Talent But you my cosen hold fast that which you haue and I though my promise of three yeeres seruice to my Countrey be expired will abide in my vocation here vntill I be lawfully called from hence And so betaking vs all vnto the mercies of God in Christ Iesus I rest for euer Part of a Tractate written at Henrico in Virginia by Master ALEX. WHITAKER Minister to the Colony there which then gouerned by Sir T. DALE 1613. THey acknowledge that there is a great good God but know him not hauing the eyes of their vnderstanding as yet blinded wherefore they serue the Diuell for feare after a most base manner sacrificing sometimes as I haue here heard their owne Children to him I haue sent one Image of their god to the Counsell in England which is painted vpon one side of a toad-stoole much like vnto a deformed monster Their Priests whom they call Quiâ—kosoughs are no other but such as our English Witches are They liue naked in body as if their shame of their sinne deserued no couering Their names are as naked as their body they esteeme it a vertue to lye deceiue and steale as their Master the Diuell teacheth them Much more might be said of their miserable condition but I referre the particular narration of these things to some other season These men are not so simple as some haue supposed them for they are of body lusty strong and very nimble they are a very vnderstanding generation quicke of apprehension suddaine in their dispatches subtile in their dealings exquisite in their inuentions and industrious in their labour I suppose the world hath no better marke-men with their Bowes and Arrowes then they be they will kill Birds flying Fishes swimming and Beasts running they shoote also with meruailous strength they shot one of our men being vnarmed quite through the body and nailed both his armes to his body with one Arrow one of their Children also about the age of twelue or thirteene yeeres killed a Bird with his Arrow in my sight The seruice of their God is answerable to their life being performed with a great feare and attention and many strange dumbe shewes vsed in the same stretching forth their limbes and straining their body much like to the counterfeit women in England who faine themselues bewitched or possessed of some euill spirit They stand in great awe of the Quiokosoughs or Priests which are a generation of Vipers euen of Sathans owne brood The manner of their life is much like to the Popish Hermits of our age for they liue alone in the woods
very little at all because the said ships being cast away on the ebbe The goods were driuen off into the Sea the dead bodies of many that were drowned I my selfe saw â—ast on the shore with the sundry wrackes of the parts of the Ships Masts and Yards with other wracke of Caske Chists and such like in great abundance The fourteenth day of Nouember the winde being faire wee tooke passage from Lisbone in a small Barke belonging to Bidâ—ford called the Marget and on the foure and twentieth of the same we were landed at Saint Iues in Cornwall and from thence I hasted to Plimmouth where I shewed vnto Sir Ferdinando Gorges and diuers others the Aduenturers the whole Discourse of our vnhappie Voyage together with the miseries that wee had and did indure vnder the Spaniards hands And then hasted with all the speed I could toward the Court of England where I was assured to my great comfort that they either were alreadie or very shortly should bee deliuered Before my departure from Siuill I should haue remembred that about Whitsontide last there were brought into the Prison of the Contractation there two young men brought out of the West Indies in one of the Kings Gallions which were of Captaine Iohn Legats company of Plimmouth which departed out of England about the latter end of Iuly 1606. bound for the Riuer of Amazons as hee told me before his going forth where hee had beene two yeeres before And comming on the Coast of Brasill as those young men the name of one of them is William Adams borne in Plimpton neere Plimmouth reported vnto mee whether falling to the leeward of the Riuer of Amazons or deceiued by his Master they knew not And not being able to recouer the said Riuer were constrayned to refresh in the West Indies in which time there fell a great disorder betweene the said Captaine Legat and his company so as one of his company in a broyle within themselues aboard there ship slue the said Captaine Legat whether in his owne priuate quarrell or with the consent of the rest of the Company they could not tell mee But this is the more to bee suspected for that he alwayes in former Voyages dealt very straitly with his company After his death his company comming to the I le of Pinos on the Southside of Cuba to refresh themselues being eighteene persons were circumuented by the trecherie of the Spaniards and were there betrayed and taken Prisoners and within foure dayes after of eighteene persons fourteene were hanged the other foure being youths were saued to serue the Spaniards whereof two of them refusing to serue longer in there ships were put into the Prison at Siuill the other two remayne still as slaues to the Spaniards This I had the rather noted to the end that it may be the better considered what numbers of ships and men haue gone out of England since the conclusion of peace betweene England and Spaine in the way of honest Trade and Traffique and how many of them haue miserably miscarried Hauing beene slaine drowned hanged or pittifully captiued and thrust out of their ships and all their goods REader I had by me the Voyage of Captaine Thomas Hanham written by himselfe vnto Sagadahoc also the written Iournals of Master Raleigh Gilbert which stayed and fortified there in that vnseasonable Winter fit to freeze the heart of a Plantation of Iames Dauies Iohn Eliot c. but our voluminousnesse makes me afraid of offending nicer and queasier stomackes for which cause I haue omitted them euen after I had with great labour fâ—â—ted them to the Presse as I haue also done a written large Tractate of Mawaushen and the Uoyage of Master Edward Harlie one of the first Planters with Cap. Popham and Nicholas Hobson to those parts 1611. with diuers Letters from Cap. Popham and others You must obserue that it was in those times called by the name of Virginia and the Northerne Plantation or Colonie But Captaine Smith a man which hath so many Irons in our fire presented a Booke of the Countrie to Prince Charles his Highnesse with a Map of the Countrey who stiled it as our hopes are he will one day make it New England and altered the Sauage names of places to English Hee made one Voyage thither Anno 1614. and the next yeere beganne another which taken by Frenchmen he was not able to make vp but in testimonie of his loue to his Countrey here and of his hopes there hath written diuers Bookes One called A Description of New England in which his said Uoyages are described with the description of the Countrey and many Arguments to incite men to that vndertaking which I had also prepared for the Presse but for the former feares haue omitted the other called New Englands Trials twice or thrice printed out of which I haue added thus much that the World may see the benefit to bee made by fishing and may also be better acquainted with the successe and succession of New Englands Affaires CHAP. III. Extracts of a Booke of Captaine IOHN SMITH printed 1622. called New Englands tryalls and continuing the Storie thereof with Motiues to the businesse of fishing there The benefit of fishing as Master Dee reporteth in his Brittish Monarchie HE saith that it is more then foure and fortie yeeres agoe and it is more then fortie yeeres since he writ it that the Herring Busses out of the Low-countries vnder the King of Spaine were siue hundred besides one hundred Frenchmen and three or foure hundred Sayle of Flemmings The Coasts of Wales and Lancashire was vsed by three hundred Sayle of strangers Ireland and Baltemore fraugted yeerly three hundred Sayle of Spaniards where King Edward the Sixt intended to haue made a strong Castle because of the Strait to haue Tribute for fishing Blacke Rocke was yeerely fished by three or foure hundred Sayle of Spaniards Portugals and Biskiners Master Gentleman and many Fisher-men and Fish-mongers with whom I haue conferred report The Hollanders raise yeerely by Herring Cod and Ling 3000000. pounds English and French by Salt-fish Poore Iohn Salmons and Pilchards 300000. pounds Hamborough and the Sound for Sturgion Lobsters and Eeles 100000. pounds Cape Blacke for Tunny and Mullit by the Biskiners and Spaniards 30000. pounds But diuers other learned experienced Obseruers say though it may seeme incredible That the Duke of Medina receiueth yeerely tribute of the Fishers for Tunny Mullit and Purgos more then 10000. pounds Lubeck hath seuen hundred Ships Hamborough six hundred Embden lately a Fisher Towne one thousand foure hundred whose Customes by the profit of fishing hath made them so powerfull as they bee Holland and Zealand not much greater then Yorkeshire hath thirtie walled Townes foure hundred Villages 20000. saile of Ships and Hoyes thirtie sixe thousand are Fisher-men whereof one hundred are Doggers seuen hundred Pinkes and Wel-boates seuen hundred Frand Boates Britters and Tode-boats with one thousand three hundred Busses besides three hundred
plants beasts and commodities from ours and their severall description 1325. seq Their astonishment at the hearing of God Their inconstancie naturall parts c. 1340. Their mariages and polygamie the manners of women with child c. 1341. The destruction of families and bounds of their possessions 1342. Their houshold stuffe 1343. Their entertainment 1344 1345. Their Physicke and demeanour towards the sicke their buriall attended with diuellish rites 1346. Brasils description and chiefe Havens 1382. A Brasile Ship taken by Sir Water Raleigh 1938. Brasile commodities sent for Spaine not onely gold but much other treasures as Ginger Sugar Hides Tobacco c. 1817 Brauadoes are sometimes the hinderers of successe in great proiects 194â— Braverie of the English turneth to beggerie 1942 Bridegroomes thâ—â— giue the fiâ—st hansâ—ll of their spousâ—â— to their hindred and friends 1481 Brigalian Iland the situation thereof 1240 Buena Ventura a River in the West Indies the description thereof 1413 1414 Buenoâ— Aeres a tâ—â—ne in the River of Plate 1â—41 Buccaw ganecants a towne vnder the dominion of Bashabez Sagamo of Mawooshen 1873 Building without tooles or engines miraculous by the Indians of Peru 1477 1478 Burdones a place so called 126â— Burkes rebellion in Ireland 1893 The Burlings an Iland so called 〈◊〉 soyle commodi 〈…〉 and iâ—â—abitants described 1155 Butter how made by the Indians 1539 C. CAbot viz. Sir Sebastian Cabot his American travels 1177 1178 seq he discovered so much of the continent of the New World that it deserved to bee called Caboâ—iana rather then America 1177 1112 Cabusto a towne in Florida 1544 Caaâ—tâ— certaine Brasilians so called 1298 Câ—era River 1248 Cadiz taken by the English the Castle surrendred c 1931. Cadiâ— described 1932. It is set â—â—firâ— and rased to the ground 1933 Caiama Iland the description therof 1248 Caiocame a towne in Mawocshen 1874 Caioses Cannibals so called living in Brasile 1241 Caiuari certaine Savages of Brasile living in Caues 1â—99 Cale a towne of Florida 1532 Caleformia a sea so called 1560 or an Iland or many Ilands as others say 1562 Calenture 1181 1182 Caliane a River in Guiana very aboundant with gold and silver â—â—60 Caliquen towne 1533 Callipuny a mountaine in Guyana 1â—71 Callis taken by the Spaniards 1927 Calmes the strange effects thereof in the Sea and in mens bodies 1373 Camalaha a Fayre in the Indies neere Orenoco where women are sold. 1248 Camaâ—uiars certaine Savages that haue paps reaching vnder their waste 1299 Camana a road in Brasile 1142 as also a towne in Peru 1446 Campseau a Port in New-France described 1639 Camarijiuua a River how situate 1223. It s danger or ease for Navigation and the commodities thereof 1238 Camo a Hill on the coasts of Brasile 1240 Camoni Indians 1514 Campeche the chiefe towne of Iacatan 1186 Canacum the Governour of Manomet his friendly entertainment to the English 1858 Canada River 1606. The adioyning Countrey the Inhabitants description feasts fights lodging houses Canons with other customes 1606 1607. They endure great famine lye and are false-hearted their beliefe and ridiculous relation of God ibid. 1609. vide Indians of Canada Canasagua a towne in Florida 1539 Canauerall where 1247 Canarie Ilands their number and description 1369 1370 Canariagranda 1185 1369 et seq Candish his Voyage 1971. seq he takes the towne Santos and Saint Vincent 1191. Loseth Captaine Dauies ibid. His ariuall at Port-desire and the Magellane Streights ibid. His mutinous company 1192. and distresse in the streights 1193. Returne for Brasil 1194. His company slaine 1195. His valour and proiects ibid. Losse of men by Indians and Portingals 1197. Losse of the Roe-bucke 1200. Seuerity ibid. His weaknesse and vnwillingnesse of his company for going to the Streights 1200. His voyage further discouered by Anthony â—niuer 1201 1202. seq The supposed ouerthrow of his voyage 1203 Canduacu Brasilian beastâ— that dart their bristles through a mans skin 1302 Canari a Province of Morequito 1248 Cannete iâ— towne in Peru 1446 Canri a toune in the Riuer Marwin in America 1283 Canibals with faces like dogs at Ports-desire 1191. Other strange and valorous Caunibals 1208 Canibals profer fa 〈…〉 to Candish in Santos 1203. Cannibals naked and fearfull 1204. cald Pories 1208. Their strange entertainment of strangers 1208. Canibals called Tamoyes 1228 1240. vid. Savages Cano a famous Nauigator 1191 Canoas or boats of threescore foot long with 80 men in them 1380 Cape Blanco 1379 Cape Saint Francisco 1400 Cape Saint Antonio 1147 Capawucke a place in the Indâ—â—s stored with gold 1841 Cape bona Esperâ—nza the danger of the passage there 1151 1152 Cape Rico 1170 Cape Verdi 1181 Cape de la vela 118â— 1244 Cape Frio or cold Cape its situation 1202. It s Navigation 1240 Cape Saint Augustine 1238 Cape Caldera 1â—46 Cape de verde its vnhealthinesse 1370. Its Ilands 1371 Capignramirinij a place in Brasile 1238. Cape Agreda cape froward 1386 chiqui-towne 1535. Cape Francois 1603 Cape Saint Maries Cape de Rare Cape Saint Lawrence 1606 Caperrocca a Sauage towne 1285 Capitua a flat land in Brasile 1238 Cape-cod 1647. Cape Charls 1691. Cape Henry in Virginia 1687. Cape Laware in Virginia 1762. It s adioyning Shoales ibid. Captaines for narres how chosen among the Indians 1262 Captaines errours checked 1397. patience commendable in a Captaine 1153 Captaine Listers dingerous attempt in my Lord of Cumberlands voyage 1143. Hee is drowned and his Ship in his returne ibid. Captaine Bayly slaine 1144 Captaine Munson taken captiue 1144 Captaine Nortons Uoyage ibid. Captaine Caues surprizall of in Ar gosie of Lisbone ibid. Captaine Nortons assailing a Fortingall ibid. Capt. Caue Admirall in the eighth Uoyage of the Lord of Cumberland slaine 1147 Captaine Antonie killed ibid. Captaine Dounton wounded 1148 Capurisell a River 1250 Capucaras water-Serpents in the Indies 1211 Capari a River neere Orenoque 1247 Carrabouca a place in India 1249 Carcocies Indians so called 1365 Carder viz. Peter Carder a Cornish man his hard fortune and escapes 1187. The losse of his company 1188. His living two moneths vpon a fruit like Oranges and his drinking of his owne Urine ibid. His conversing with Indians â—bid Teacheth them to marre 1189. His departure from them ibid. His imprisonment deliverance 1189 1190. His imployment 1190. His escape from the Portingals and ariuall to England after nine yeares voyage 1190 Carigue a Beast in Brasile that that carteth her yong ones in a bag about with her 1301 Cari-River 1248 A Carrak runneth a shore to avoid the English 1938 Caripo a towne in Guiana 1268 Caroli a pleasant River neere Orenoco 1248 Carraemba Sauages so called 1299 Carapana a place in the Province of Emeria 1247 Carraibas certain Ingglers in Brasile 1290 Carracus a place in the Indies 1242 1248 Caredenas a Province in America 1560 Carripapoory Ilands neere Guiana 1268 Carendies a fierce Nation of the Indies neere the River of Plateâ— their nature warlikenesse and description 1348 A Carrack runneth
and eloquence courtefie noblenesse liberality vpon what termes 1633. Indians of the Northerne America their playing musicke their customes in curing wounds their simplicity and ignorance yet subtilty theeuishnesse and traiterousnesse 1634. they must not bee depended on but swayed with seuerity ibid. an Indian womans present ibid. the Indians disapproofe of garments ibid. Indians of diuers languages not vnderstanding one another in New France 1635. Indians how they may best be terrified 1635. you must not express any security but alwayes seeme to be warie resolute and prepared for them 1635. Indians of New France their warfare 1638. Indian Southsaying and supposed trechery 1639. Indians loue to their children ibid. they are preferred before Christians ibid. Indians weepe at the departure of the French from their coasts 1640. Indians christned in New France by the Frenchmen 1644. Indian battaile victory and the consequents thereof ibid. Indians of Virginia their strange apparell and other description 1647 Their great delight in musicke dances weapons ornaments boats gardens c. 1655. trechery and discouery 1656. Indians disposition and trechery ceremonies idolatrie women and their nature their ornaments 1662 1663. seq Indian Virginian words of language vsed amongst them 1667. Indians in Virginia creeping vpon all foure with their bowes in their mouthes desperate and hara 〈…〉 1686. their women and maids habit and other customes 1689. An Indian 160 years old with a long white beard very lusty which is euen a wonder amongst them 1689. Indians subtilty and rebellion to the Spaniards in Florida their slaughter by them after slauerie 1533 1534. their murder by the Spanish seruilitie 1535. an Indian Lady that swaid a Nation of them in Florida the commodities of her country and the courtesie shee shewed the Spaniards 1537 1538. an Indian burned ibid. another christned by the Spaniards 1538. Indian stratagem against the Spaniards 1544. their sudden slaughter and endangered vtmost ouerthrow of them 1545. Indians paint themselues with terrible colour to strike terror in their aduersaries 1546. their trecherie ibid. Indian eloquence 1550. an Indians valiant and wittie answer to an imperious Spaniard 1552. Indians ridiculous custome at the death of their Catique 1553. Indians how they are wont to expresse obedience to some of their superiors in Florida 1553. An Indian throwne to the dogs by a Spaniard 1554. Indians conspiracy against the Spaniards in Florida discouered the actors cruelly dealt withall hauing their right hands cut off 1555. An Indian burnt for heresie and conspiracy by a Spanish Iudge in New Spaine 1557. Indian idolatry and worship of the Deuill 1558. they must bee brought to Christianity by feare as saith a Spanish Preacher 1559. Indian hypocrisie 1558. linea vltima Indians so couragious and valiant that armed most with poore clubs they contest brauely with strongly armed Spaniards on horse backe 1558. Indians worshipping plants and birds and singing songs vnto them and that sacrifice one man yearely to a painted Serpent which the sacrificed man taketh patiently 1560. Indian embroidery 1560. Indian want of Masse and instructing Ministers 1563. Indians capable of religion and their baptisme and instruction 1564 Indian secrets smothered by Spaniards lest they should come to light with their disaduantage 1567. Indies discouered by the Spaniards Anno 1492. the first Land inhabited the I le of Hâ—spaniola 1569. The nature of the Indians in generall thereabout their simplicity patience meckenesse innocency ingenuitie and tender breeding 1569. Three Millions of Indians perish by the Spaniards in Hispaniola fiue hundred thousand in the Lucayos in all thereabout twelue or fifteene Millions 1569 1570 Indians to the number of a Million slaine and consumed by them in Iohn and lamaica Ilands 1573. Indians suppose Gold to be the Spaniards God 1573. Indians refuse heauen fearing to meet the Spaniards there 1574. Indians how many in the I le Cuba deuoured by Spaniards 1574. Indians destroyed by Spaniards in Terra Firma and their multitude 1575 1526. Indians in Nicaragua consumed by the Spaniards fiue hundred thousand 1577. Indians in New Spaine and its seuerall Prouinces deuoured by the Spaniards to two or three Millions 1577 1578. Indians in Guatymala dispatcht by Spaniards innumerablie 1579 1580 and Spanish Man-eaters that is Spaniards allowing sharables of Mans-flesh for food 1580. Indians tortured and slaine abundantly by Spaniards in Panuco Mechuacham and Xalisco 1580 1581. Indians to the number of eight hundred sold for one horse by a Spaniard 1580. Indians sold for infamous Merchandize 1581 1582. Indians how many were slaine in Yucatan 1581 1582 1583. What store in Saint Martha by Spaniards 1583 1584. In Carthagena 1584. On the coast of Pearles Paria and the I le of Trinity 1586. In Yuia pari and Venesuela Indians slaine in number foure or fiue thousand thousand 1587. In Florida the Riuer La Plata in divers Provinces of Peru 1589 1590 1591. Indians in new Cranada dispatched by sundry cruelties of the Spaniards 1592 1593 1594 1595. In divers other places by divers diuellish stratagems 1596 1597 1598 1599 1600 1601 1602. Indians worship a Pillar of stone in Florida 1603. Indian subiection to the Englishmen in Virginia 1841 Indians of New-England their care in preserving the carkeises of their dead friends in sepulchres full stuffed with sweet powders 1846. Their encounter with the English the manner of inciting their men to Battell 1847. Their habite and manner of welcoming forrenners 1849. Indians glory in the weaknesse of the English forces 1856. An Indian plotting treacherie is taken prisoner 1864. Indians terrified in conscience for sake their houses and fly into the deserts and thickets 1866. Indians opinion concerning the Creation that all men descend from the loynes of one man and one woman which were first created the cause of their dispersions being as yet vnknowne 1867. Indians of new-New-England witty and laborious in diuers arts 1870. Indians described both in habit and nature their manner of salutation 1881. Indians of Canada 1609. Their speaking with the Divell their painting themselves apparell deuice to goe on snow mariages licentiousnesse of yong Wenches and burials with their beliefe of the soule 1609 1610 Industrie of the English in the discouerie and plantation of New-England 1848 Infants slaine by the Savages to doe sacrifice to their god Habbamok 1868 Inquisition in New-Spaine the punishment of two Italians there 1177. Inquisitions barbarous crueltie 1178 Insolencie of the Indians of Massachaoset 1864 Interpreters so necessarie to a land-trauell in a strange countrie that without them it cannot bee effected 1554 Ioancho de Luyando a Myntmaster in Port-Ricco hisriches and plenty of gold 1170 Iohn Ortis a Spaniard his taking by the Indians in Pamphilo de Naruaez his voyage his sundry misfortunes and escapes with a happy meeting his countri-men 1531. His large travailes with Captaine Soto his death and the discontent thence issuing to the Captaine 1551 Saint Iohns River in New-France its beauty store of fish vines with other commodities 1622 Saint Iohn de Port-Ricco
entertained him with strange coniurations Earely in a morning a great fire was made in a long house a Mat spred on each side on one of which he was set the guard went out and in came a great grim fellow skipping all painted with cole mingled with Oyle many Snakes and Weesels skins stuffed with Mosse their tailes tied together and meeting on the crowne of his head round about the tassell was a coronet of Fethers the skins hung round about his head shoulders backe and face With a hellish voyce strange gestures and passions with a Rattle in his hand hee began his inuocation and enuironed the fire with a circle of Meale After this three such other diuels rushed in with like trickes painted halfe blacke halfe red all their eyes painted white with some red stroakes along their cheekes These hauing danced a prettie while three more came in as vgly as the rest with red eyes and white stroakes ouer their blacke faces At last they all sat downe right against him the chiefe Priest in the midst and three on each hand All then with their Rattles began a song which ended the chiefe Priest laid downe fiue Wheate cornes and straining his armes and hand with such violence that he swet and his veines swelled hee began a short Oration at the conclusion whereof they gaue a short groane and then laid downe three graiues more Now they began their Song againe and then another Oration euer laying downe so many cornes as before till they had twice encircled the fire That done they take a bunch of little stickes prepared for that purpose and at the end of euery Song and Oration laid downe a sticke betwixt the diuisions of the Corne. Till night neither he nor they did eate or drinke and then they feasted merrily with their best prouisions Three dayes they vsed this Ceremonie thereby to know as they said whether hee intended them well or no. The circle of meale signified their Countrey the two circles of Corne the Sea-bounds and the stickes his Countrey They imagined the World to be flat and round like a trencher and themselues in the midst After this they brought him a bigge of Powder which they carefully preserued till the next spring to plant as they did their Corne because they would be acquainted with the nature of that sâ—ede Opitchapam the Kings brother inuited him to his house where hee welcommed him with as many Platters of Bread Fowle and wilde Beasts as did encompasse him but not any would eate with him reseruing the remainders in Baskets At his returne to Opechankanoughs all the Kings women and their children flocked about him as for their customary due to be merry with such fragments At last they brought him to Werowocomoco to Pohatan where aboue two hundred of his Courtiers stood wondring on him till Pohatan and his traine had put themselues in their greatest brauery Before a fire hee sat on a seate like a bedsted couered with a great robe made of Rarowcun Skinnes all the tailes hanging by on each hand did sit a yong wench of sixteene or eighteene yeeres of age along on each side the house two rowes of men and behinde them as many women with all their heads and shoulders painted red many of their heads bedecked with the white downe of Birds euery one adorned with some thing a great chaine also of white Beades about their neckes At his entrance before the King all the people gaue a great shout The Queene of Appanatucke was appointed to bring water to wash his hands another brought him a bunch of Feathers instead of a Towell to drie them Hauing feasted him in their best manner the held a consultation in conclusion whereof two great stones were brought before Pohatan and as many as could lay hold on him dragged him to them and thereon laid his head being ready with their clubbes to beate out his braines Pocahuntas the Kings dearest Daughter when no intreatie would preuaile got his head into her armes and laid her owne vpon his to saue him from death whereupon the Emperour was contented hee should liue to make him Hatchets and Beads Bels and Copper for her For they thought him like themselues of all occupations the King himselfe making his owne Robes Shooes Bowes Arrowes Pots Planting also Hunting and doing Offices no lesse then the rest Two dayes after Pohatan hauing disguised himselfe in the dreadfullest manner caused Captaine Smith to be brought forth to a great house in the woods and there vpon a Mat by the fire to bee left alone Not long after from behinde a Mat which diuided the house was made the dolefullest noise that euer hee had heard After this Pohatan with twenty more as blacke as himselfe came vnto him and told him that they were now friends and presently hee should goe to Iames Towne to send him two great Gunnes and a Grindstone for which hee would giue him the Countrey of Capahowolick and for euer esteeme hiâ— as his Sonne Nantaquaus Hee sent him thither with twelue guides When they came to the Fort Smith vsed the Sauages kindely and shewed Rawhunt Pohatans trusty seruant two Demiculuerius and a Milstone to carry to Pohatan somewhat too heauie for their carriage But when they saw him discharge them loden with stones on the boughes of a great tree hanging full of isickles the Ice and boughes comming downe with such furie the Sauages were halfe dead with feare and at last returning contented with toies and presents for Pohatan his women and childred This his returning safe to the Port once more staied the Pinnace her flight for England which till his returne could not set saile so extreame was the weather and so great the Frost His relation of the plenty he had seene especially at Werowocomoco where inhabited Powhatan that till that time was vnknowne so reuiued againe their dead spirits as all mens feare was abandoned Powhatan hauing sent with this Captaine diuers of his men loaded with prouision hee had conditioned and so appointed his trustie Messengers to bring but two or three of our great Ordnances but the Messengers being satisfied with the sight of one of them discharged ran away amazed with feare till meanes were vsed with gifts to assure them our loues ALL this time our cares were not so much to abandon the Countrie but the Treasurer and Counsell in England were as diligent and carefull to supply vs. Two tall Shippes they sent vs with neere one hundred men well furnished with all things could be imagined necessary both for them and vs. The one commanded by Captaine Newport the other by Captaine Nelson an honest man and an expert Marriner but such was the leewardnesse of his Ship that though he were within sight of Cape Henry by stormy contrary windes was forced so farre to Sea as the West Indies was the next land for the repaire of his Masts and reliefe of wood and water But Captaine
stored with abundance and plentie in England continuall wasting no Husbandry the old store still spent on no order for new prouisions what better could befall vnto the Inhabitants Land-lords and Tenants of that corner then necessarily following cleannesse of teeth famine and death Is it not the sentence and doome of the Wiseman Yet a little sleepe a little slumber and a little folding of the hands to sleepe so thy pouerty commeth as one that trauelleth by the way and thy necessitie like an armed man And with this Idlenesse when some thing was in store all wastfull courses exercised to the heigth and the headlesse multitude some neither of qualitie nor Religion not imployed to the end for which they were sent hither no not compelled since in themselues vnwilling to sowe Corne for their owne bellies nor to put a Roote Herbe c. for their owne particular good in their Gardens or elsewhere I say in this neglect and sensuall Surfet all things suffered to runne on to lie sicke and languish must it be expected that health plentie and all the goodnesse of a well ordered State of necessitie for all this to flow in this Countrey You haue a right and noble heart worthy Lady bee iudge of the truth herein Then suffer it not bee concluded vnto you nor beleeue I beseech you that the wants and wretchednesse which they haue indured ascend out of the pouertie and vilenesse of the Countrey whether bee respected the Land or Riuers the one and the other hauing not only promised but powred enough in their veines to conuince them in such calumnies and to quit those common calamities which as the shadow accompanies the body the precedent neglects touched at if truely followed and wrought vpon What England may boast of hauing the faire hand of husbandry to manure and dresse it God and Nature haue fauourably bestowed vpon this Country and as it hath giuen vnto it both by situation height and soyle all those past hopes assurances which follow our well planted natiue Countrie and others lying vnder the same influence if as ours the Countrey and soyle might be improued and drawne forth so hath it indowed it as is most certaine with many more which England fetcheth farre vnto her from elsewhere For first wee haue experience and euen our eyes witnesse how yong so euer wee are to the Countrie that no Countrey yeeldeth goodlier Corne nor more manifold increase large Fields wee haue as prospects of the same and not farre from our Pallisado Besides wee haue thousands of goodly Vines in euery hedge and Boske running along the ground which yeelde a plentifull Grape in their kinde Let mee appeale then to knowledge if these naturall Vines were planted dressed and ordered by skilfull Vinearoones whether wee might not make a perfect Grape and fruitefull vintage in short time And we haue made triall of our owne English seedes kitchen 〈◊〉 and Rootes and finde them to prosper as speedily as in England Onely let me truely acknowledge they are not an hundreâ— or two of deboist hands dropt forth by yeare after yeare with penury and leisure ill prouâ—ed for before they come and worse to be gouerned when they are here men of such distempeâ—â—d bodies and infected mindes whom no examples daily before their eyes either of goodnesse 〈◊〉 punishment can deterre from their habituall impieties or terrifie from a shamefull death â—hat must be the Carpenters and workemen in this so glorious a building Then let no rumour of the pouerty of the Couâ—â—ry as if in the wombe thereof there lay not those elementall seedes which could produce 〈◊〉 many faire births of plenty and increase and better hopes then any land vnder the heaueâ— to which the Sunne is no neerer a neighbour I say let no imposture rumour nor any fame of â—ome one or a few more changeable actions interposing by the way or at home waue any â—â—ns faire purposes hitherward or wrest them to a declining and falling off from the businesse I will acknowledge deere Lady I haue seene much propensnesse already towards the vnity and generall endeauours how câ—â—tentedly doe such as labour with vs goe forth when men of ranke and quality assist anâ—â—et on their labours I haue seene it and I protest it I haue heard the inferiour people with alacrity of spirit professe that they should neuer refuse to doe their best in the prâ—â—tise of their sciences and knowledges when such worthy and Noble Gentlemen goe â—n and out before them and not onely so but as the occasion shall be offered no â—â—â—e helpe them with their hand then defend them with their Sword And it is to be vnderstood that such as labour are not yet so taxed but that easily they performe the same and e 〈…〉 by tenne of the clocke haue done their Mornings worke at what time they haue theâ— allowances set out ready for them and vntill it be three of the clocke againe they take their owne pleasure and afterwards with the Sunne set their dayes labour is finished In all which courses if the businesse be continued I doubt nothing with Gods fauour towards vs but to see it in time a Countrie an Hauen and a Staple fitted for such a trade as shall aduance assureder increase both to the Aduenturers and free Burgers thereof then any Trade in Christendome or then that euen in her earely dayes when Michael Cauacco the Greeke did first discouer it to our English Factor in Poland which extenus it selfe now from Calpe and Abila to the bottome of Sidon and so wide as Alexandria and all the Ports and Hauens North and South through the Arches to Cio Smyrna Troy the Hellespont and vp to Pompeys Pillar which as a Pharos or watch Tower stands vpon the wondrous opening into the Euxine Sea From the three and twentieth of May vnto the seuenth of Iune our Gouernour attempted and made triall of all the wayes that both his owne iudgement could prompe him in and the aduise of Captaine George Percy and those Gentlemen whom hee found of the Counsell when hee came in as of others whom hee caused to deliuer their knowledges concerning the State and Condition of the Countrey but after much debating it could not appeare how possibly they might preserue themselues reseruing that little which wee brought from the Bermudas in our Shippes and was vpon all occasions to stand good by vs tenne dayes from staruing For besides that the Indians were of themselues poore they were forbidden likewise by their subtile King Powhatan at all to trade with vs and not onely so but to indanger and assault any Boate vpon the Riuer or stragler out of the Fort by Land by which not long before our arriuall our people had a large Boate cut off and diuers of our men killed euen within command of our Blocke-house as likewise they shot two of our people to death after we had bin foure and fiue dayes come in and yet would
setling of these Officers thought vpon was to aduise with his Counsell for the obtaining of such prouisions of victuals for store and quality as the Countrey afforded It did not appeare that any kinde of Flesh Deere or what else of that kinde could be recouered from the Indian or to be sought in the Countrey by the trauaile or search of his people and the old dwellers in the Fort together with the Indians not to friend who had the last winter destroyed and killed vp all the Hogges insomuch as of fiue or sixe hundred as it is supposed there was not one left aliue nor an Henne nor Chicke in the Fort and our Horses and Mares they had eaten with the first and the prouision which the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall had brought concerning any kinde of flesh was little or nothing in respect it was not drempt of by the Aduenturers in England that the Swine were destroyed In Counsell therefore the thirteenth of Iune it pleased Sir George Summers Knight Admirall to propose a Voyage which for the better reliefe and good of the Colony he would performe into the Bermudas from whence he would fetch six moneths prouision of Flesh and Fish and some liue Hogges to store our Colony againe and had a Commission giuen vnto him the fifteenth of Iune 1610. who in his owne Bermuda Pinnace the Patience consorted with Captaine Samuell Argoll in the Discouery whom the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall made of the counsell before his departure the nineteenth of Iune fell with the Tyde from before our Towne and the twenty two left the Bay or Cape Henry a sterne And likewise because at the Lord Gouernous and Captaine Generals first comming there was found in our owne Riuer no store of Fish after many trials the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall dispatched in the Uirginia with instructions the seuenteenth of Iune 1610. Robert Tyndall Master of the De la Warre to fish vnto all along and betweene Cape Henry and Cape Charles within the Bay who the last of the said moneth returned vnto vs againe but as ill speeding as the former whom our Gouernour now Lieutenant Generall had addressed thither before for the same purpose Nor was the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall in the meane while idle at the Fort but euery day and night hee caused the Nets to be hawled sometimes a dosen times one after another But it pleased not God so to blesse our labours that we did at any time take one quarter so much as would giue vnto our people one pound at a meale a peece by which we might haue better husbanded our Pease and Oate meale notwithstanding the great store we now saw daily in our Riuer but let the blame of this lye where it is both vpon our Nets and the vnskilfulnesse of our men to lay them The sixth of Iuly Sir Thomas Gates Lieutenant Generall comming downe to Point Comfort the North wind blowing rough he found had forced the long Boate belonging to Algernoone Fort to the other shoare vpon Nansamund side somewhat short of Weroscoick which to recouer againe one of the Lieutenant Generals men Humfrey Blunt in an old Canow made ouer but the wind driuing him vpon the Strand certaine Indians watching the occasion seised the poore fellow and led him vp into the Woods and sacrificed him It did not a little trouble the Lieutenant Gouernour who since his first landing in the Countrey how iustly soeuer prouoked would not by any meanes be wrought to a violent proceeding against them for all the practises of villany with which they daily indangered our men thinking it possible by a more tractable course to winne them to a better condition but now being startled by this he well perceiued how little a faire and noble intreatie workes vpon a barbarous disposition and therefore in some measure purposed to be reuenged The ninth of Iuly he prepared his forces and early in the morning set vpon a Towne of theirs some foure miles from Algernoone Fort called Kecoughtan and had soone taken it without losse or hurt of any of his men The Gouernour and his women fled the young King Powhatans Sonne not being there but left his poore baggage and treasure to the spoyle of our Souldiers which was only a few Baskets of old Wheate and some other of Pease and Beanes a little Tobacco and some few womens Girdles of Silke of the Grasse-silke not without art and much neatnesse finely wrought of which I haue sent diuers into England beeing at the taking of the Towne and would haue sent your Ladiship some of them had they beene a Present so worthy We purposed to set a Frenchman heere a worke to plant Vines which grew naturally in great plentie Some few Corne fields it hath and the Corne in good forwardnesse and wee despaire not but to bee able if our men stand in health to make it good against the Indian The continuall practises of the subtle King Powhatan doth not meanely awaken all the powers and workings of vertue and knowledge in our Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall how to preuent not only his mischiefes but to draw him vpon some better termes and acknowledgemen of our forces and spirits both able and daring to quit him in any valiant and martiall course whatsoeuer he shall dare to runne with vs which hee doth yet scarsly beleeue For this therfore since first and that so lately he hath set on his people to attempt vs with priuate Conspiracies and actuall violence into the one drawing his Neighbour Confederates and vnder Princes and by the other working the losse and death of diuers of our men and by such their losse seising their Armes Swords Peeces c. of which he hath gathered into his store a great quantitie and number by Intelligence aboue two hundred Swords besides Axes and Pollaxes Chissels Howes to paire and clense their ground with an infinite treasure of Copper our Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall sent two Gentlemen with an Ambassie vnto him letting him to vnderstand of his practises and outrage hitherto vsed toward our people not only abroad but at our Fort also yet flattering him withall how the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall did not suppose that these mischiefes were contriued by him or with his knowledge but conceiued them rather to be the acts of his worst and vnruly people his Lordship therefore now complayning vnto him required that hee being so great and wise a King would giue an vniuersall order to his Subiects that it might bee no more so lest the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall should be compelled by defending him and his to offend him which he would be loath to do withall he willed the Messengers to demand of him the said Powhatan that he would either punish or send vnto his Lordship such of his people whom Powhatan knew well not long before had assaulted our men at the Block-house and but newly killed foure of them as also
a continuall Spring which is the cause that some few things come not to that maturitie and perfection as were requisite And though the Trees doe shed their leaues yet are they alwayes full of greene Their Corne is the same which they vse almost in all parts of the West Indies to wit Maiz which to such as are vsed to it is more heartie and nourishing then our English Wheate and yeelds a farre greater increase as a pound sometimes of one or two graines Of this Corne and â—iuers other things without either plowing or digging the ground they haue two Haruests euery yeere for they set about March which they gather in Iuly and againe in August which is ripe in December And little slips of Figge Trees and Vines doe vsually beare fruit within lesse then a yeere after they are planted sometimes in halfe a yeere The like fertilitie it hath in other things There is scarce at any time to be perceiued either Frost or Snow nor any extreme heate for there is almost alwayes some wind stirring which cleereth and cooleth the Aire Their Summers and Winters obserue the same times with ours but their longest dayes and nights are shorter then ours in England by two houres and almost a halfe as also their shortest dayes and nights are as much longer then ours for their longest dayes and nights are about fourteene houres and their shortest ten When it is Noone with vs it is Morning with them and when it is about fiue of the clocke in the Euening with vs it is high-noone with them so that whilest the Sun declines with vs it riseth with them as also it doth in Virginia It is apt to Thunder and Lightning all the yeere oft-times more terrible then in England but no man or other liuing creature haue I knowne hurt by it There is no venemous creature in the Countrey the yellow Spider which is there making her Webbe as it were of Silke and bringing forth her young as the Alchimists their stone of Egges like little Balles of Quick-siluer is not perceiued to bee any whit venemous Yet there is a Plant that climbeth Trees like Iuie the leafe also of the same colour but in shape like the Vine that is somewhat venomous but of no great force There is great store and varietie of Fish and so good as these parts of the World affoords not the like which being for the most part vnknowne to vs each man gaue them names as they best liked as one kind they called Rocke-fish another Groopers others Porgie-fish Hog-fish Angle-fish Cauallies Yellow-tayles Spanish Makerell Mullets Breame Connie-fish Morrayes Sting-rayes Flying-fish c. The like they did by the Fowle as Cohooes Sandbirds Herons Ducke and Teale Pemblicoes Castle-boobies Hawkes c. The Countrey when we first beganne the Plantation was all ouer-growne with Woods and Plants of seuerall kinds and to such kinds as were vnknowne to vs which were the most part we also gaue names such as were knowne retayning their olde names as Cedars Palmetoes Black-wood White-wood Yellow-wood Mulberie-trees Stopper-trees Lawrell and Oliue-trees Mangrowes Pepper-trees Yellow-bery-weed Red-weed These and many others wee found naturally growing in the Countrey But since it hath beene inhabited there hath beene brought thither as well from the Indies as from other parts of the World sundry other Plants as Vines of seuerall kinds Sugar-canes Figge-trees Apple-trees Oranges Lemmons Pomegranets Plantanes Pines Parsnips Raddishes Artichokes Potatoes Cassaui Indico and many other Insomuch that it is now become as it were some spacious Garden or Nourcerie of many pleasant and profitable things Now if I should proceed to a more speciall Narration and speake of all these Plants Birds Fishes and other remarkable things particularly I could not but bee much larger then were any wayes expedient in this place Besides I haue long since vnderstood that Captaine Butler the Gouernour there resident hath vndertaken to write of these and the like things a peculiar Treatise This therefore that is spoken touching the nature of the Countrey in generall shall suffice Onely to make choice of two particulars wherof I will speake not so largely as the things require but so farre forth as will be meet and conuenient in this place The first shall bee the Tortoyse which they call a Turtle which hauing some affinitie and resemblance with Fishes Beasts and Fowles shall serue instead of a Historie of them all The other shall be that which they call the prickled Peare-tree which participating in nature and resembling in some things herbs and in other Trees shall likewise serue in stead of the Naturall Historie of them both And first of the Turckle not regarding for breuities sake the large Discourses of others I will onely write what I haue seene and knowne my selfe They are in the shape of their bodie like a Crab-fish and haue foure finnes they are as great as three or foure men can carrie the vpper part of them is couered with a great shell which wee call a Galley-patch weighing as I take it halfe a hundred weight the flesh that cleaueth to the in-side of this being rosted against the fire is excellent meate almost like the Marrow of Beefe but the shell it selfe harder then Horne shee hath also a shell on her belly not so hard but being boy led it becommeth soft like the sinewes or gristle of Beefe and good meate These liue in the Sea spending the Spring time and part of the Summer about these Ilands but the residue of the yeere we know not where They are like to Fowle in respect of the smalnesse and fashion of their heads and neckes which are wrinkled like a Turkeyes but white and not so sharpe billed They also breed their young of Egges which they lay They resemble Beasts in that their flesh is like Veale but more hard and solid and they feed alwayes vpon grasse growing at the bottome of the water neither can they abide any longer vnder water then they hold their breath which the old ones will doe long but the young ones being chased to and fro cannot continue two minutes with out comming vp to breathe Shortly after their comming in the Male and Female couple which wee call cooting this they continue some three dayes together during which time they will scarce separate though a Boat come to them nor hardly when they are smitten Not long after the Shee-Turckle comes vp by night vpon some Sandie Bay and further vp then the water vseth to flow shee digges a hole with her finne in the Sand some two foote deepe and there comming vp seuerall nights layes her Egges some halfe a bushell which are about the bignesse of a Hennes Egge and round as a Ball and each time couers them with Sand very curiously so that a man shall hardly finde the place These Egges as it seemes are afterwards hatched by heate of the Sunne and then by the Prouidence of God the meanes are yet vnknowne to vs are brought out
dayly in Nauall forces answered by Martiall Spirits for Land and Sea seruice Thus did God blesse her that had glorified him in establishing his Truth notwithstanding the pouertie of the State at her entrance deepely indetted by her predecessours and the saint friendship or professed enmitie of Rome and all her disciples Thus shall it bee done to the Woman God will honour and more then thus for what was all the time of her reigne but vicissitudes of Treasons Warres and manifold externall and internall broyles and yet in an admirable working of Diuine Grace when had England so long and flourishing peace at home or glory and renowme abroad as if hee which brought light out of darknesse would permit all such contrary workings to bee the object of his goodnesse the fewell and materialls of her greatnesse Arthur Poole the fourth yeere of her reigne abused the greatnesse of his bloud with other conspirators to the Guisâ—â—n purposes but taken and sentenced receiued not bloudie reward from her mild and mercifull hand Pope Pius the fift denounceth her excommunicate discharging her Subiects from loyaltie and alleageance and arming them against her Ridolfi a Florentine playes the Merchant of Popish wares the Earles of Northumberland and Westmerland take armes the Duke of Norfolke is entangled the French and Spaniard are perswaded by the Pope who promised also if need were to ingage to this purpose all the goods of the Sea Apostolike Chalices Crosses and holy Vestments Uitellius is commanded to inuade England with an Army from the Low-countries but God protected ELIZABETH and her Enemies abroad were disappointed the Traitors at home falling into their owne pit About the same time Edmund and Peter brethten to the Earle of Oâ—â—ond were busie in Ireland to inflame which rebellion Mendoza came out of Spaine but before it brake forth into any great combustion it was extinct Don Iohn of Austria enters next vpon the Stage for I omit Barues and Muthers Sir Henry Percie the B. of Ross his attempts and other Acts and Arts sauouring more of the Foxe then the Lion and pretended a peace whiles hee intended the deliuerance of the Scottish Queene and marrying her to make himselfe King of England and Scotland by helpe of fugitiues and fauour of the Pope and Guisians and in the midst of his warlike preparations suddenly dieth When Pius his impious curses had thus proued blessings hee deceaseth and Gregory his successour in the Papacie and malice to Queene ELIZABETH the great Founder of Seminaties gaping for no lesse then a Kingdome to his base sonne Iames Boncompagnâ— treateth with the Spaniard who had swallowed England also in his conceit Thomas Stukley an English fugitiue promiseth Ireland to the Popes bastard who in recompence giues him the titles of Marquesse of Lagen Earle of Wexford and Caterlough Vicount of Morough and Baron of Ross all places of note in Ireland and made him Generall of eight hundred Italian Souldiers the King of Spaine paying their wages But Sebastian King of Portugall which should haue conducted the Spanish forces against England being intangled with an African Expedition procured Sâ—â—cley to goe thither with him where both lost their liues And the Spaniard was now diuerted from English designes to those neerer of Portugall there imploying the forces intended against vs. Doctor Nicolas Sanders playeth the next part who hauing written in defence of the Popes visible Monarchy Ecclesiasticall and belched out the fowlest slanders of Queen ELIZABETHS parentage that Hell could deuise would make his writings visible by his deeds and with Iames Fitz Moricâ— an Irish Traitor hauing obtained to be the Popes Nuntio with a banner consecrated at Rome and some forces out of Spaine entreth Ireland there fortifieth and winneth Desmond to his partie San Ioseph 〈…〉 followeth with seuen hundred Italians and Spaniards with Armour for fiue thousand Their Fort is taken Fitz moricâ— first and after the Earle with many others slaine Sanders runnes mad and wandering vp and downe in the Woods and Mountaines dieth miserably the Country is pacified and ELIZABETH preuaileth The Seminaries Schooles of Treason were now erected at R 〈…〉 and Rhemâ—â— to become worse then that Troian Hoâ—se Cells of desperate Eâ—issaries incâ—ndaries of their owne Countrey Campion and others suffer seditious Bookes are written against the Queene whereby S 〈…〉 râ—ill was instigated to kill her Mendoza the Spanish Embassadour was commanded to depart out of England hauing practised with Throckmorton and others about an inuasion of the Land and to remoue the Queene About the same time in manner miraculously traiterous projects came to light by certaine papers of one Creighâ—â—â— a Scottish Iesuite who being taken by Dutch Pirates tare them and threw them into the Sea which would not bee accâ—ssary to Iesuiticall plots but by the helpe of the winde brought them backe to the Ship which being deliuered to Sir William Wade were ioyned again and reuealed new plots of the Pope the Spaniard and Guisians to inuade England Whereupon an Association was made by many thorow the Kingdome binding themselues by their hands and seales to prosecute all such to death as should attempt any thing against the life of the Queene Cardinall A 〈…〉 for the English Catholikes Ecclesiasticall Inglefield for the Larkes the Bishop of Rosse for the Queene of Scots were said to haue agreed to depriue the Queene and to disinherite King IAMES as a fauoâ—â—er of Heresie c. A. 1585. Doctor Parry whom Queene ELIZABETH had before pardoned his life being heartned by Ragazonius the Popes Nuntio in France and absolued in the Popes name by the Cardinall Comensis vndertooke to kill the Queene being thereunto incouraged by Allens booke teaching that excommunicated Princes may bee dispoyled of liues and Scepters His partner reueales him and his mischiefe lighted on himselfe Henry Earle of Northumberland brother of Thomas before executed at Yorke slew himselfe in the Tower and the Lord Chancellour three dayes after in the Starre Chamber declared that he had beene committed for traiterous deuises against the Queene and State the particulars whereof were then opened by the Atturney Popham seeking to set free the Queene of Scots to destroy the Queene and the Religion to haue dealt with Charles Paget termed Mope about these things with the inuasion of England c. The Burkes rebellion in Ireland fell out that yeere and many broyles which cost three thousand their liues at one time the title Mac-William in Connagh extinguished and the insolence of the Ilanders betwixt Scotland and England repressed The Spaniard arrested the English Ships in his Ports whence the Expeditions of the Earle of Cumberland and Sir Francis Drake before mentioned tooke their beginning and the Warres betwixt the two Kingdomes A. 1586. that prodigions plot of Sauage Balard Babington and the rest of that bloudy crue conspiring to kill the Queene was detected and the plotters were executed In 87. the French Embassadour a Guisian conferred
with Stafford to kill the Queene making great promises to that purpose And he and Moody were further treated with on that point by Trappius his Secretary which by Stafford was reuealed and preuented But whiles all pretended the freeing of the Queen of Scots by this meanes they shortned her dayes and freed her of her life The story is knowne and I shall not need to insist vpon these later things nor on Tyrones Tragicall rebellion the death of so many thousands English Irish Spanish noâ— Lopez his plot to poison the Queene c. I but propound these things to excite English thankfulnesse to God and hatred to that Whoore drunken with bloud which hath thus enchanted the Kings of the earth yea like the Legion Deuill hath broken all chaines of allegeance and hath initiated in hellish mysteries naturall sworne subiects to inuasion and mutuall massacres yea to account it tolerable lawfull commendable meritorious and in ordine ad deum necessary ô times ô monsters to kill and murther and hath made it a compendious way to win the Kingdome of Heauen by killing the Kings of the Earth And if the bloud of so many Saints from Abel to Zacharias were threatned to fall on Ierusalem sometimes the holy Citie what may be said of Rome whose Temporall Monarchy first founded in the bloud of Rhemus brother of Romulus proceeded in exiling their owne Kings and in exterminating worlds of men out of the world Caesar alone is said in fiftie battells to haue slaine 1192000. men besides what was slaine in his Ciuill Warres in a world of time together exceeded in the sanctitie of the bloud of so many thousand Saints and Martyrs in ten dismall persecutions and yet fell short of the pretended Catholike Rome that mysticall Woman drunken with bloud I dare boldly auer and by History make it good yea in great part to a iudicious obseruer the former parts of this Worke haue shewed that since the Papall challenge of Monarchy ouer Monarkes by Gregory the seuenth the Deuills thousand yeeres of imprisonment being expired Antichristian Rome hath by Sword Fire Warres Ciuill and Forraine and other inhumane immane diuellish furies procured the shedding of more humane bloud then euer Heathen Rome in farre longer time had shed to erect their Heathenish Empire from the dayes of Romulus which founded the Citie to Augustus which grounded and stablished the Empire and Tiberius vnder whom Christ was crucified Yea if you adde the persecutions of the succeeding Emperors till Iulian the Apostata yet haue the later Antichristian exceeded in numbers as much as the executions of Warres are vsually beyond all comparison of the Iudiciall and Legall I adde that as the Ethnike Romans spilt none except in persecutions but Ethnike bloud so the pretended Christan Romists except in the Indies and the Holy Land Wars shed none in this account but Christian. This may seem a prodigal speech prodigious paradox to those which know not the millions which perished in the Holy Land Wars set kept on foot about 200. yeers together by Papall ambition so many hundreths of thousands which perished in the same times by open warres made by the Popes Crusados against the Albigenses Waldenses and what other names it pleased them to giue to better men then themselues in almost eightie yeeres continued warres So many Ciuill Warres in Germany the subiects and competitors armed by Crusados against the Emperours till that Eagle was plucked where one Henry whom Hildebrand first deposed fought sixtie battells In England France Italy and other parts in the daies of King Iohn Fredericke the second Coâ—radâ— Memfred Phillip and others and after that the long Bohemian broiles drenched in bloud after Husses fire and lately so innumerable millions pauperis est numerare in America and the Ilands which these bookes plainly euince to haue beene written in bloud by Roman authoritie and pretence not to make mention of the Philippinas the East Indies the Wars in Sicile and Naples and the Greeke Empire first weakned and after by Roman ambition lost how many hundreth thousands hath France lost of Christians within these last hundreth yeeres how many more haue taken their fatall farewells in the Belgian quarrell How doe those Low-countries and Germany still flow in bloud That I speake not of our England and Ireland But I hate the thoughts of those things and therefore come to the 88. businesse that also set on worke from Rome the widest and openest passage from hell for his ingresse and egresse that was a Murtherer from the beginning and in the last ages turning himselfe into an Angell of light hath there established his principall Vicar vnder pretended titles and seemings of Christ and Christianitie Yea this is also remarkable that in the treasons against Queene Elizabeth and in those against our present Souereigne King Iames whom God long preserue by Watson Clerke Cobham c. at first and in the Master and Monster-peece which was now ready to breake forth with violence and virulence from Hell and to blow vp all other Treasons that of the Gun-powder Traitors still the busiest part of the Tragedie is committed to some Romish Priest or Iesuite who should fit and frame the resolute dissolutenesse of wild spirits to the execution of it or themselues The Master Workman I say not Beelzebub is the Pope as appeareth in those before mentioned and in this of 88. whose Bull declaratory against that Worthy of women followeth as the contents thereof are deliuered by Meteranus to whose labours in this Story wee are principally indetted It was to be published in the Popes name by Cardinall Allen after the Nauie had arriued in England to command the English to yeeld their obedience to the Duke of Parma From the Pope therefore wee will begin our 88 Story touching the preparation and successe of that Armada sirnamed inuincible CHAP. XI Octagesimus Octauus mirabilis Annus The Popes Bull the King of Spaines preparations the Duke of Medinas Expedition the Duke of Parmas Forces for the inuasion of England diuers Sea-fights twixt the English and Spanish Fleets the Sea flight of the Spanish and miserable disasters in their returne Their lies The Queens Religious Triumph SIxtus Quintus by diuine prouidence vniuersall Pastor of the Flock of Christ to whom by continued and lawfull succession the administration and charge of the Catholike Church pertaineth taking into consideration the miseries and calamities whereinto the famous Kingdomes of England and Ireland had falne which in times past were commended so much for Vertues Religion and Christian Pietie and Obedience and now by the impious and vniust Empire of Elizabeth pretended Queene and a few adhering to her not onely to haue come to a dissolute estate and dangerous to it selfe but also as infected and venemous members are wont to cause infection and disease to the whole body of Christians and wanting there the due remedies which elswhere by help of
the coast of France The Generall of this mightie Nauie was Don Alonso Perez de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia Lord of S. Lucar and Knight of the golden Fleece by reason that the Marquesse of Santa Cruz appointed for the same dignity deceased before the time Iohn Martines de Ricalde was Admirall of the Fleete Francis Bouadilla was chiefe Marshall who all of them had their officers fit and requisite for the guiding and managing of such a multitude Likewise Martin Alorcon was appointed Vicar generall of the Inquisition being accompanied with more â—hen a hundreth Monkes to wit Iesuites Capuchines and Friers Mendicant Besides whom also there were Phisitians Chirurgians Apothecaries and whatsoeuer else pertained vnto the Hospitall Ouer and besides the forenamed Gouernours and Officers being men of chiefe note there were 124 very noble and worthy Gentlemen which went voluntarily of their owne costs and charges to the end they might see fashions learne experience and attaine vnto glory Amongst whom was the Prince of Ascoli Alonzo de Leiua the Marquesse de Pennafiel the Marquesse de Ganes the Marquesse de Barlango Count de Paredes Count de Yeluas and diuers other Marqueses and Earles of the honorable families of Mendoza of Toledo of Pachicco of Cordono of Guzman of Manriques and a great number of others I haue by me the Dukes Orders for the whole Nauie during this Voyage made aboord the Gallion Saint Martin May 28. the beginning whereof I haue added the whole would be too long Don ALONSO PERES DE GVSMAN the good Duke of Medina Sidonia Countie of Nebla Marquesse of Casheshe in Africa Lord of the Citie Saint Lucar Captaine Generall of the Occian Sea of the Coast of Andaluzia and of this Armie of his Maiestie and Knight of the honorable Order of the golden Fleece I Doe ordaine and command that the generall Masters of the field all Captaines of the Sea Pilats Masters Souldiers Mariners and Officers and whatsoeuer other people for the Land or Sea seruice commeth in this Armie all the time that it indureth shall be thus gouerned as hereafter followeth viz. First and before all things it is to be vnderstood by all the aboue named from the highest to the lowest that the principall foundation and cause that hath moued the King his Maiestie to make and continue this iournie hath beene and is to serue God and to returne vnto his Church a great many of contrite soules that are oppressed by the Heretikes enemies of our holy Catholike faith which haue them subiects to their sects and vnhappinesse and for that euery one may put his eyes vpon this marke as we are bound I doe command and much desire euery one to giue charge vnto the inferiors and those vnder their charge to imbarke themselues being shriuen and hauing receiued the Sacrament with competent and contrition for their sinnes by the which contrition and zeale to doe God such great seruice he will carry and guide vs to his great glory which is that which particularly and principally is pretended In like manner I doe charge and command you to haue particular care that no Soldier Marriner or other that serueth in this Armie doe blaspheme or rage against God or our Lady or any of the Saints vpon paine that he shall therefore sharply be corrected and very well chastened as it shall seeme best vnto vs and for other oathes of lesse qualitie the Gouernours in the same Ships they goe in shall procure to remedy all they shall punish them in taking away their allowance of Wine or otherwise as they shall thinke good And for that the most occasions come by play you shall publikly prohibit it especially the games that are forbidden and that none doe play in the night by no meanes Articles follow to suppresse quarrels to auoid disgracing any man and all occasions of scandall forbidding carriage of common women with other orders for watchwords attendance on the Admirall for fire and wilde-fire and lights armours shâ—â— powder match and other necessary instructions too long to be here particularised that in the height of humaine policie and religious hypocrisie the hand of God in Englands preseruation may be made euident While the Spaniards were furnishing this their Nauie the Duke of Parma at the direction of King Philip made great preparation in the low Countries to giue aide and assistance vnto the Spaniards building Ships for the same purpose and sending for Pilots and Ship wrights out of Italy In Flanders he caused certaine deepe channels to be made and among the rest the channell of Yper commonly called Yper-lee employing some thousands of workemen about that seruice to the end that by the said Cannell he might transport Ships from Antwerp and Ghendt to Bruges where he had assembled aboue a hundreth small Ships called Hoyes being well stored with victuals which Hoyes he was determined to haue brought into the Sea by the way of Sluys or else to haue conueied them by the said Yper-lee being now of greater depth into any port of Flanders whatsoeuer In the Riuer of Waten he caused 70. Ships with flat bottomes to be built euery one of which should serue to carry 30. horses hauing each of them Bridges likewise for the Horses to come on boord or to goe forth on land Of the same fashion he had prouided 200. other vessels at Neiuport but not so great And at Dunkerk he procured 28. Ships of warre such as were there to be had and caused a sufficient number of Mariners to be leuied at Hamburg Breme Emdâ—n and at other places He put in the ballast of the said Ships great store of beames of thicke plankes being hollow and beset with Iron pikes beneath but on each side full of claspes and hookes to ioyne them together He had likewise at Graueling prouided 20. thousand of caske which in a short space might be compact and ioyned together with nailes and cords and reduced into the forme of a Bridge To be short whatsoeuer things were requisite for the making of Bridges and for the barring stopping vp of Hauens mouthes with stakes posts and other meanes he commanded to be made ready Moreouer not far from Neinport hauen he had caused a great pile of wooden fagots to be laid and other furniture to be brought for the rearing vp of a Mount The most part of his Ships contained two Ouens a peece to bake Bread in with a great number of saddles bridles and such other like apparell for Horses They had Horses likewise which after their landing should serue to conuey and draw engines field-pieces and other warlike prouisions Neeere vnto Neiuport he had assembled an armie ouer the which hee had ordained Camillo de Monte to be Camp-master This army consisted of 30. bands or ensignes of Italians of ten bands of Wallons eight of Scots and eight of Burgundians all which together amount vnto 56. bands euery band containing a hundreth persons Neere vnto Dixmud there
that as throwes of a grieuous trauell they brought forth a Virgin both Truth to the Church and Queene to the State the one a fruitfull Mother to the soules the other to the wealth honour domesticke peace forraine victories and Nauall glorie of the English Nation This renowned Queene eight and thirty yeeres after vnable to alter that decree of the windes which now seemed themselues and forced Calis to become Spanish would try their windy fidelity in another expedition and prepared a strong Fleet to inuade the Spanish coast The charge whereof she committed to the Lord Robert Earle of Essex and the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England who came vnto Plymmouth about the beginning of May 1596. being there accompanied with diuers other noble Peeres as the Earle of Sussex the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Herbert the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere the Lord Burk Don Christopher yong Prince of Portugall yong Count Lodouick of Nassaw and the Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Iohn Vanderfoord besides many other most worthy Knights and Gentlemen of great worth attending vpon this most honorable Action It pleased them there to make their aboade for the time of that moneth aswell for the new furnishing and reuictualing of her Maiesties Royall Nauie as also for the expecting of some other ships which were to come from diuers places of the Realme and were as yet wanting Before their departure from Plymmouth it pleased their Lordships to publish in Print and make knowne to all the world especially to such as it concerned and that both in the Latine French Dutch English and Spanish tongue what were the true iust and vrgent causes that at this time prouoked her Maiestie to vndertake the preparing and setting forth of this so great a Nauie namely the King of Spaines preparations against her who had before whiles hee treated of peace Anno 1588. prepared to inuade her coast and now also to that purpose daily encreased his Nauie If therefore any should furnish the Spaniard with munition and prouisions they should expect what force could doe for all others of whatsoeuer Nation they aduised them to forsake the Spanish and Portugall Ports or to ioyne with the English for their owne security they hauing no quarrell in this designe but against the Spaniard Thus then all things being in a very good order and well appointed the most holy name of our Omnipotent God being most religiously and deuoutly called vpon ' and his blessed and sacred Communion being diuers times most reuerently and publikely celebrated being furnished with one hundred and fiftie good saile of ships or thereabout In the name of the most high and euerliuing God the first day of Iune they embarked themselues weighed Ancre and hoysed vp faile and put to Sea onward their iourney from the Sownds of Plymmouth to shew her Maiesties religious intendments in this exploit I haue thought good to adde here a Prayer made by her selfe as was reported and vsed as it was fitted for that designe MOst Omnipotent maker and guide of all our worlds masse that eâ—ely searchest and fadomest the bottome of all our hearts conceits and in them seest the true originals of all our actions intended thou that by thy foresight doest truely discerne how no malice of reuenge nor quittance of iniurie nor desire of bloudshed nor greedinesse of lucre hath bred the resolution of our nâ—w set out Army but a heedefull care and wary watch that no neglect of fees nor ouer-suretie of harme might breede either danger to vs or glory to them these being the grounds wherewith thou doest enspire the minde we humbly beseech thee with bended knees prosper the worke and with best forewindes guide the iourney speede the victory and make the returne the aduancement of thy glory the triumph of their f 〈…〉 e and surety to the Realme with the least losse of the English bloud To these deuout petitions Lord giue thou thy blessed grant The ninth of the same moneth comming something neere to the North Cape in a manner in the same altitude or not much differing which was about 43. degrees and something more yet bearing so as it was impossible to be descried from the land There it pleased the Lords to call a select Councell which was alwaies done by hanging out of a Flagge of the Armes of England and shooting off a great warning peece Of this select or priuie Counsell were no moe then these The two Lords Generall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Anthony Ashley Clarke of the said Counsell And when it pleased the Lords Generall to call a common Counsell as of tentimes they did vpon weighty matters best knowne to their honours then they would cause another kinde of Flag to be hanged out which was the red Crosse of S. George and was very easie to be discerned from the other that appertained onely to the select Counsell and so often as this Flag of S. George was hanged out then came all the Masters and Captaines of all the ships whose opinions were to be demanded in such matters as appertained vnto the said select Counsell It was presently concluded that our course in sailing should forthwith be altered and that we should beare more into the West for some purposes to them best knowne At that instant many Letters of instructions were addressed and sent to euery particular Master and Captaine of the Ships What the contents of those Letters of instructions were it was not as yet knowne vnto any neither was it held meete to be enquired or knowne of any of vs. But vnder the titles and superscriptions of euery mans particuler Letter these words were endorsed Open not these Letters on paine of your liues vnlesse wee chance to be scattered by tempest and in that case open them and execute the contents thereof but if by mishap you fall into your enemies hand then in any case cast them into the Sea sealed as they are It should seeme that these Letters did containe in them the principall place and meaning of this entended action which was hitherto by their deepe foresights kept so secret as no man to my knowledge eiâ—her did or could so much as suspect it more then themselues who had the onely managing thereof All this while our ships God be thanked kept in a most excellent good order being deuided into fiue squadrons that is to say The Earle of Essex the Lord Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh and the Admirall of the Hollanders All which squadrons albeit they did euery day separate themselues of purpose by the distance of certaine leagues as well to looke out for such ships as were happily vnder saile as also for the better procuring of Sea-roome yet alwayes commonly either that day or the next day toward euening they
mountaines 1284 Wages detaining how turbulent 〈◊〉 a yoyage 1â—96 Want of water in New-England causing some of our men to famish 1844 Waratiua a riuer in Brasile its description for Navigation 1440 Want of bread in the English Army 1921 Io. Want a schismaticall and seditious fellow in the Bermudas 1743 Wareteena a place in America 1212 Warooca a towne of the Arwacca 〈◊〉 Savages in the Indies 1285 Warraskoyat Indian-Virginians 1692 Warres between the Portingals and the Indians its effects 1321 Warres made for the water 1364 Warres betweene the Indians and Spaniards in Chili 1443 Warriers that haue killed men among the Savages of Tuppan haue as many holes board through their visage in token of honour 1189 Warlike Fleets set forth by the English Deborah the Q. Elizabeth 1891 Water that is salt dangerously drunk 1143. Strange kinde of watering 1146. Water-drinking endangereth many 1178. Want of fresh-water 1188. Water too much drunke kils Will. Pitcher ibid. Salt-water cureth sores 1207 Water vnwholsome and deadly 1248 Water burning and tasting like brimstone 1â—75 Water venemous 1379. Water very hot in a lake of Florida 1549. Bad waters breeding sundry diseases 1623. Waters that being drunke caused teeth to fall in two houres space 1624. Watry ground the supposed cause of vnhealthinesse in Port-royall among the French 1632. Water sacrificed to by the Virginians in time of tempest 1702. Water want in Virginie 1712. Water wanting in the English armie 1966 Watry iourneys 1359 Wayanasses Savages so called in the West-Indies 1211. Their complexion cowardlinesse painting lodging Tobacco chiefe towne 1228 Waanawazons Canibals in America 1213. Their simplicity stature feeding lazinesse women 12â—0 Waymores Savages in Brasile their stature valour rudenesse swiftnesse man-eating 1227. Wayâ—â—quazons called by the Indidians Iocoex are Brasilian Savages their habitation stature women-warriours lodging iarres man-eating 1228 Weaknesse of the English in new-New-England causing the Indians to insult 1848 Wealth bred ambition among Captaines 1145 Weannocks Indians in Virginia their number of fighting men 1692 Weeaâ—opona a towne of the Arwaccas in America 1285 Weeping in salutation an expression of obedience in some Indians of Florida 1553 Three Wels one very hot another scalding hot a third temperate neere a cold Hill 1243 Werowances the title of a King in Virginia 1692 Werawocomoco River in Virginia 1692 West-winds constanâ—ly 1658 Master Wests plantation at the Fals in Virginia 1730 West-country voyage in twelue ships with a good returne 1840 Westons men abuse the Savages of Massacheusets which caused much vnkindnesse to the English 1857. Their misery among the Savages 1863 Capt. Weymoths voyage to Virginia 1659. seq His danger by sandy and rocky Shoales escape and ariuall at Pentecost harbour 1659 1660 A Whale very great eaten by Anthony Kniuet 1207. Whales haue open heads whereat they breathe their battaile with the Sword-fish 1313 1376 1377 1685 A Whale worshipped 1471 Whale-fishing in the Bermudas and its benefit 1797 Whitson-Bay in Virginia 1654 Capt. Rich. Whitbornes Voyages to the New-found-land 1882. His voyage to Lisbone is taken by a French Pirate 1883 Whelps drest and eaten 1202 Whittingtons communication with the Indians 1881 Wia a River in Guiarâ—a 1261 Wiapogo River 1250. Its commodities 1261 1263 1264. at large threescore leagues broad supposed the biggâ—st in the world 1267 1268. It s situation and strength 1270. English plant there ibid. Wiaumli a River to the North of Orenoco 1249 Wiawia a towne in the West-Indies 1280. Or Wia Wiam 1283. T is inhabited by the Yaios and other Savages 1283 Wighcocamoco river in Virginia 1694 Wighsacan a medicinable plant in Virginia 1695 Wikeries are Indians that inhabite the Plaines of Samia 1248 Mr Will. Strachy his relation of Sir Tho Gates voyage and of the Colony of Virginia 1734 seq William Morgan his happy most strange deliverance 1943 Wild-geese in great Shoales 1845 Willowes 1316 Mr Wilsons relations at large 1661 1262. seq Wine ouerthroweth more then the enemy 1349. The Wine of the Nauy in 88. 1991 Wine causeth ambition dissention 1151 Extreame winds 1175. In the straits of Magellane 1194. An exceeding winde by Sea and Land 1500. Winds that piâ—â—â—â— iron and stone 1671 Winter not durable by Christians Witawamack an insulting slaue among the Savages opprobrious to the English 1859 Wines connted a dignitie among the Savages the hauing of many of them only permitted to the King and those that haue proved themselues braue fellows 1188 1217. Wiues and children sold for Hatchets and Kniues 1208. Wiues put away for adultery 1870 Sir Io. Winkfield dyeth at the fight in Cadiz in warlike manner buried 1932 Wolues in New-England pursuing our English Dogs 1849. Wolues in the New-found-land faning and playing with English masty dogs 1885 Womens strange entertaining straners among Savages 1717. Women dancing starke naked 1618. Indian womens modestie yet familiaritie 1158 1159. Women got by valour among the Savages 1209. Women Archers 1226. 1228. Women with vgly bodies and good faces 1228. Eight women bought for a red-hasted knife 1249. A woman roasied 1272. Women starke naked 1268 Women goe before men in Brasile 1292. Their agreement there among themselues their chastitie if maried but â—oosenesse vnmaried 1341. A womans price amongst the Carios of the West Indies 1357. Women toile among some Indians 1382. Women that revenge the wrong of their husbands not solitarily by themselues called Amazons 1437. Women nâ— not Kings daughters might not enter the Temple of the Sunne among the ancient inhabitants of Peru 1465. Womens vsage and habite among some Indians of Florida 1524. Women amongst the Indians put to vile slavery 1869. Women not suffered to enter any of the Ships of the King of Spaines Armada 1901 Wonders of the new World 1477. Wood-bind a plant running on trees like a Vine that causeth a vehement and harmlesse purging 1801 Wood that maketh fish drunkâ— 1â—72 Wood of all colours 1670 Wood as hard as iron ibid. Words of the Savages language in Virginia 1667 Wormes how killed in the bodie 1311 Wormes breeding great-torment 1251. Very pernicious in Brasile but killed by Garlicke 1382. Wormes poysoning water 1286. Wormes deuouring the flesh 1365. Wormes very preiudiciall to ships without sheathing vnder the Aequinoctiall 1387 Wounds how cured 1310 1311 Wyanesses a towne in the West-Indies 1208 Wyapocoories inhabitants in a Province of Guiana 〈…〉 1 Wywaypanami Indians with 〈…〉 ulders higher then their heads 〈…〉 85 X XAlisco a Province neere the South Sea 1559. The great losse of inhabitants in it by the Spanish inhumane cruelty 1581. Eight hundred townes burned in those Realmes by Spaniards ibid. Xalpa Province discouered by the Spaniards 1559 Xaltenango Province 1559 Xaqua a harbour in the Iland of Cuba 1500 Xaragua a dominion in the I le Hispaniola its King and Lords traiterously burnt by the Spaniards thâ— Queene hanged the youths thrust through or having their legs cut off they that fled condemâ—ed to perpetuall slauerie 1572 Xualla a Province in Florida 1539 Y. YAes
Frost and Snow Sepulchre opened Two houses Houshold stuffe Third discouerie Extreme cold Gramâ—us Bay Thâ—y found Grampuses dead two inches thicke of fat and fiue or six paces long A good Harbour Two great Wolues Thunder Conference with Sauages Patuxet People all dead of a plague Masasoyts Nausites Hunts wickednesse Sâ—uâ—geâ— dâ—sâ—ribed The agreements of peace betweene vs and Massasoyt A iourney to Packanokik the Habitation of the Great King Massasoyâ— 1621. Great plague Royall entertainment Games Hungrie fare A Voyage made by ten of our men oâ—the Kingdome of Nauset to seek a Boy that had lost himselfe in the Woods with such accidents as besell vs in that Voyage The Boy is restored Snakes skin defiance Towne impaled Tisquantum trechâ—â—y Plagy 〈◊〉 Master Westons planters which plâ—id the wâ—sps with English and Sauages Two Ships Helpe f 〈…〉 Master Iones A Plague Note Honest Sauages Namasket Manomet Sauages great gamsters Iust iealousie Base Summer and Winter Dutch Ship Visitations of the sicke Reports of Massassowats death His commendation Miserable comforters He reuealeth the trechery of the Massachusets Their name of God Indians into lence Sauages slain Sauage Englishmen An. 1623. Great drought Publike Fast. Gracious dewes Indians coniuration M. Tomson a Scot his Plantation Day of thanks Two Ships Their Religion The meaning of the word â—â—eâ—tan I think hath reference â—o Antiquity for Chise is an old man and Kiâ—hchise a man that exceedeâ—h in agâ— Iâ—e maledicti Their Deuill Powah or Priest Offerings Sacrifices Burnt offring The Deuill keeps his seruants poore Their Knights Pnieses valourous counsellours Bitter trialls Sachim or Lords Tribu 〈…〉 Mourning foâ— the dead Burialls Womens slauery Manhood Names Maids wiues Adulterie and whooredome Theft Murther Crying a cowards note Apparell Wittie people Their Arts. Note Language Registers The Country New England an Iland Seasons Dayes Soyle Corne * For the Description incouragements to this designe and for better knowledge of New Scotland besides a Book purposely published by the Honourable learned Author who at other weapons hath plaied his Muses prizes and giuen the world ample testimony of his learning you may read our 8. Booke from the sixt Chapter forwards the last two Chapiters of the ninth Booke that description of the Countrey of Mawâ—oshen which I haue added hereto An. 1623. Lukes Bay Fit place for a Plantation Port Iolly Port Negro This description of Mawooshen I had amongst M. Hakluyts papers Climate and quantitie Tarantines are said to be the same with the Souriquois 1. Quibequesson Riuer Asticon Sagamo A great Lake 2. Pâ—maquid riuer A great Lake Anadabis Three townes Bashabes Caiocame 3. Ramassoc Panobscâ—t a Towne 4. Apanawapeske 5. Apanmensek A Lâ—ke Another Lake All the Lakes full of Fish Beeues and sweet Rats 6. Aponeg 7. Aponeg 8. Sagadahoc Here C. Popham builâ— S. Georges Fort and planted Great Sound Tâ—o Lakes A great Iland Kenebeke 9. Ashamabaga 10. Shawakâ—toc A Lake foure dayes iourney long 2 broad Voyage in eight daies Fishermens kinde assistances State of the weather in Autumne and Winter I haue by me a written iournall declaring the winde and weather of euery day from 24. Nouember 1610. till the last of Aprill 1611. but thought it would seeme ted ous the substance thereof being here contained Moderate Frosta Spring Healthfulnes Homicide dieth for thought Imployment of the Colony English Corne Fowle and Cattle prosper there Medow Deere Copper kettle Their houses described Their Oares Sauages Their fashions Their Canoas The situation of the Country The temperature of the Ayre The Inhabitanes with their nature and customes The conueniency of the Bayes in that Countrie Commodious Ilands worthy Harbours Trinitie Harbor affording diuers good commodities Sauages liuing neer to Trinitie Harbour The bottoms of diuers Baies meeting neere together The Harbour of Trepassey lying commodiously The fertiltie of the soyle Seuerall sorts of Fruits there growing Herbs Flowers both pleasant and medicinable Corn growing there yeelding good increase Store of Deere other Beasts A rare example of the gentle nature of the Beasts of that Country M Guies Mastâ—â—e Greyhound vsed a Wolfe there more doggedly one pulling out the throat the other the belly Great store of Land Fowle Water Fowle Penguins Fresh water and Springs Many sorts of Timber there growing Good hope of Mines and making of Iron and Pitch Fish in great abundance Cod-fishing a great hope of benefit therefrom The benefit arising to France Spaine and Italy from fishing vpon those coasts 250. saile of Shipslying vpon that coast Anno 1615. What the valew of the Fish con tained in most Ships did amount vnto The relief that the trading there will afford to seuerall sorts of people * After this the author vseth reasons to perswade to a Plantation there which I haue omitted as busied in history The Book is common to such as desire to reade it I haue also omit ted his Admiralty commission and proceedings Commoditieâ— vsed by the Natiues This was the last Letter sent into England the yeere before 1621. They were but twelue men all the last Winter vnti 〈…〉 the new supply came in the Spring following Temperate Winter Bristow Plantation Salt made there Abuses of Fishermen The Fiâ—â—ts sâ—â— forth by queen Elizabeth Sup. pag. 108◠〈◊〉 Aâ—â—â— 17. 6. Her persecution from the Papacie from the wombe In queen Maries daies French wrongs Q. Elizabeths prosperitie See of Gods mercies in this other kinds the B. of Chichister his Religious Tractate of Thanksgiuing See also Camdens Elizabetha and others Anuales of her Reigne Arthur Poole of the house of George Duke of Clarence Ann. 1569. Pius his impious Bull. Irish action Don Iohn base son of Charles Emperour 1576. A. 1572. Greg. 13. confirmeth the sentence against Q. Elis-Stuklys trea on A. 1578. 1579. 1580. Sanders Author of the booke De visiâ— Monarch of the forged tale De schismate Anglicano in which he abuseth the queens Mother with grosse lies neuer before een or dreams of by the sharpest and spitefullesâ— eyes which Malice could entertain euen then when she was most malicious most serpent sighted * 15â—3 * 1584. Mendoza Throckmorton Creighton papers Assoâ—iation Pâ—â—ries treason Allens booke Earle of Northumberland Burks Ilandeys â—â—i s in Ireland Babington c. French Embassadâ—urs plot with Moody Lopez Luke 8. 29. Rome Citie of murthers haters of kings * Plin. l. 7. c. 25. * See to 1. l. 8. 〈◊〉 1. 〈◊〉 3. 4. 6. l. 2. c. 1 to 2. l. 8. c. 4. c. Present Rome greater manstaier Saintslaier then the Ethnike Priests agents in euery treason The Pope Master Workman Allen or Alan was by Spanish procurement made Cardinall for this purpose and to this purpose had written a violent booke which heartned Parry to vndertake to kil the Queen He and Bristow Martin were Authors of the Rhemish Translation and Notes of the N. T. Papall pretended causes of depriuing the Queene Fugitiues impotent Zeale