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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A68465	A true discourse historicall, of the succeeding gouernours in the Netherlands, and the ciuill warres there begun in the yeere 1565 with the memorable seruices of our honourable English generals, captaines and souldiers, especially vnder Sir Iohn Norice knight, there performed from the yeere 1577. vntill the yeere 1589. and afterwards in Portugale, France, Britaine and Ireland, vntill the yeere 1598. Translated and collected by T.C. Esquire, and Ric. Ro. out of the reuerend E.M. of Antwerp. his fifteene bookes Historicæ Belgicæ; and other collections added: altogether manifesting all martiall actions meete for euery good subiect to reade, for defence of prince and countrey.; Historia Belgica nostri potissimum temporis. English	Meteren, Emmanuel van, 1535-1612.; Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.; Robinson, Richard, citizen of London.	1602 (1602)	STC 17846; ESTC S105716	105,507	166

on forewards to the siege of Sluce The Prince of Parma himselfe on the seauenth of Iune departeth out of Bruxels and the next day came to Bruges leading with him 9. Troupes or Companies after whom the rest of his whole host followed the comming of these and the forerunning fame of their prepartion throughout Flaunders greatlie amazed the minds of them at O●tend and Sluce Insomuch as from the Gouernours of both townes diuers messengers were sent into Zeland and Holland to prouide themselues of souldiers victuals armour and other necessarie warlike furniture against the comming of the enimie towards them I haue seene saith my Authour amongst others the letters of Arnold Greeneveld then Gouernour of Sluce written to the foresaid Sir William Russell newlie made Gouernour of Flushing dated the 9. of Iune 1587. wherin he signified vnto him that he hauing made diligent search and view as well throughout all the publike magazin or garners of the Citie as through all the priuate garnets within the inhabitants houses of the Citie could not yet find any more store of corne and graine in them all then might serue for sustentation of their owne families euen for a verie few dayes Sir William Russell being with the reports of these letters throughlie moued had a few dayes before sent for certaine companies of footemen from the garison of Berghen which within a while after came timely enough and moreouer on the 11. of Iune dicto he writ vnto the States for souidiers also But for corne and graine and warlike munitions he writ vnto the States of Zeland onlie by Peter Vanhela a Netherlandish gentleman together with Nicholas Meetkirck Liuetenant Gouernour of Sluce sent thither for that verie purpose of whom when they receiued but onelie promises for their answere because the Zelanders denyed that the danger was not so much as they made report of in writing Sir William Russell therefore by these messengers instanteth the Zelanders on the tenth and eleuenth of that Iune for speedie dispatch of the requisite prouision and yet fearing in meane time their wonted delayes expreslie commaundeth Vanhela that taking vnto him the Magistrate of Flushing for his helper in this case hee would finde out some store of corne and graine wheresoeuer he could get it and that he without all delay should send it ouer to Sluce who the verie same day by diligent search made commaunded by authoritie so giuen him a Ship which he found laden with corne to depart with all speed vnto Sluce which hereby was sufficientlie prouided of corne and graine for and during the whole time of the siege The same day ariued three Companies in Zeland which came from the garison of Berghen to whom Sir William Russell adding one of his Companies with certaine chosen souldiers made vp foure iust cōpanies which were in all verie neere 800. men there ariued then also out of England that worthie souldier Sir Roger Williams and certaine other English gentlemen come thither by reason of the rumors of the enimies approch daylie about Ostend So the garrison of Sluce by this meanes increased to the number of about 1600. men For by this time the Prince of Parma had pitched his Tents in Cadsandt an Iland in Faunders had there the greater part of his host which was at Bersquin in Flaunders so that all along that part of the Country they might be safe from the English forces at Ostend the garrison of Sluce so besieged made often and stout sallies vpon the enimie wherein although they made great Skermishes to the foyle of the enimie yet lacked they manie of their companie Amongst the nobilitie and gentrie of the Netherlands great commendation for their valour gayned Nicholas Meetkirck from whose side his youngest brother Adolphus neuer departed also Charles Herogier Nicholas Mandy and very manie other Captaines amongst the English warriours Sir Roger Williams Sir Thomas Baskeruile Sir Frauncis Vere and Colonell Huntley deserued also most worthie and memorable commendations In the meane time when no sufficient power came to succour the Slusians nor anie preparation before written for was made by the Estates al men had then their voyces at large towards the before named Erle of Leycester their late Gouernour Generall saying that of dutie his presence and authoritie was now requisite that he might the better succour and defend them in this their present daunger The Erle Generall then being in England well vnderstanding these things and thinking occasion was now giuen him to gaine praise and glorie meanes being made thereunto he embarketh himselfe with a good number of new souldiers for Zeland and ariuing at Flushing on the 6. day of Iuly 1587. was there receiued with great expectation and ioyfull welcome of all men By this helpe of his presence and of the Englishmen ariued with him the Erle bestirring him by all meanes possible to deliuer Sluce from the present siege prepareth all necessarie adiuments and muniments by sea and by land to repell and raise the enemie from the siege thereof Countie Maurice of Nassaw when he had intelligence of the Erle Gouernour Generall his returne out of England into Zeland came vnto him leauing Countie Hoghenlo in Brabant with thrée thousand men hoping greater helpes would come out of Gelderland Frizland and Vtrecht to succour him which came not so well to passe In the meane time the Prince of Parma with his forces so mightily battered the towne of Sluce that he first taking the Fort battered continually the walles of the towne with thirtie péeces of Cannon and eight Culuerings To be short spending vpon them 17400. shot of which on S. Iames day from thrée of the clocke in the morning vntill fiue in the afternoone were foure thousand shot made so that the Prince of Parma himselfe confessed that to his remembrance he neuer performed against any others in one day such violent force and continuall assault By which great and vehement assault giuen and excéeding batterie of his Ordenance there was a breach made in the walles of 250. paces long into which breach the besieging enemies oftentimes with all their forces made assault vpon the townesmen but were of them with Pikes Halberts and other weapons so worthily entertained that after a great slaughter made of them the rest were glad to retire into their Trenches againe In which assault which lasted from nine of the clocke in the morning one day vntil eleuen of the next at noone the Marques of Renty was hurt Monsieur Lamot lost his right arme Strippen the Leader of the Burgundians with many Captaines of great accompt besides others were slaine and as the Enemie himselfe afterward confessed as many hurt also when they of Sluce so besieged lost but 150. men only as was found by a iust reuiew taken thereof And although that the Prince with his Pioners often and dangerously annoyed the inhabitants of Sluce yet such vigilancie and diligence they vsed that

said sonne Philip married with Mary Quéene of England on the 19. of Iuly 1554. and in the next yéere following 1555. he gaue this his said sonne Philip full possession and principalitie ouer the said Countries of the Netherlands which hee had himselfe so gouerned not without some seueritie 38. yeeres Finally omitting larger discourses of this Charles the 5. Emperour of his so many notable and memorable expeditions in in his life time performed let these few words suffice that he made nine into Germanie seuen into Spaine seuen into Italy tenne into the Netherlands foure into France and two into England which in all were nine and thirtie After all this to make an end of his memorials he resigning vp the Empire and iurisdiction thereof vnto the Princes Electors of the same in the yeere of our Lord 1557. and so leauing Germanie departed into Spaine where he finished the race of his mortall life on the 20. day of September in the yeere of our Lord 1558. hauing been Emperour for the full space of nine and thirtie yeeres The third circumstance is this That his aforesaid younger brother Ferdinando succeeding him in the Empire on the 18. day of March 1558. did so godly and so religiously gouerne the same from his first inauguration thereunto that he had much adoe to be confirmed in this Imperiall dignitie by Pope Paul the 4. of that name Bishop of Rome because he this good Emperour granting peace vnto the Churches of Germanie preferring the Gospell the same Pope Paul withstood him in Italy and thwarted him with warlike forces out of France to come of purpose to Rome there to disgrace and disanull his gouernment euen in that same very yeere 1558. aforesaid This good Emperour notwithstanding perseuering an Imperiall sincere Patrone of the sacred religion to his great comfort saw his sonne Maximilian also chosen and crowned King of Romanes in the moneth of Nouember 1564. And so he himselfe hauing been Emperour sixe yeeres and vpwards was by the God of peace called out of this troublesome world on the 25. of Iuly Anno 1565. The fourth and last circumstance yet not the least which I gather out of my Authors first booke is this That as the said King Philip of Spaine had been from the yeere of our Lord 1555. aforesaid possessed in his soueraigntie ouer the Netherlands vntill this yeere 1565. aforesaid so his father Charles the 5. Emperour in his time was not so seuere an Eagle but this his sonne now becomes as sore a Lion ioyning hands as it were with the Pope of Rome And whereas they two made other Christian Princes beléeue they became right restorers of Christian policie in processe of time they prooued themselues to be destroyers of the peace and weale publike of a good gouernment in sending foorth the Spanish Inquisition as the ground of al the griefe in the Netherlands and the originall cause of the ciuill warres there now following The originall ciuill Warres in the Netherlands vnder the Duchesse of Parma FOr first by the said Inquisition sent from the Pope and the Spanish King into the Netherlands against the professors of the Gospell or of the reformed religion thus it fell out That the King hauing chosen new Bishops for the purpose sent them thither to execute the said Inquisition amongst them They of the reformed religion hereupon exhibit to the Lady Margaret Duchesse of Parma and Placencia sent by the King thither for their Regent and Gouernesse vnder him a little printed booke wherein they craue mitigation of the Kings Decrée hoping as they alleaged that he would not infringe and frustrate their ancient priuiledges and franchises in those points and for that cause they were reputed and called Geusij viz. poore men Which thing being interpreted to the worst in Spaine and sore stomacked by the King they of the reformed religion perceiuing the same fire euery day more and more to burst foorth to quench or at least as it were to auoide the same by publike assemblies at Sermons and conuenient places doe prouide for their profession and for protection of their particular estates Hereupon on the other side began Idolatrie to outface and disanull their doings by the Papists yet for all this the said Ladie Margaret Duchesse of Parma then Regent was commaunded by the King to graunt securitie vnto the Nobilitie of the professors who had béen before suiters vnto her for the same that they might fréely haue their assemblies and Sermons till further order were taken therein Then they of the reformed religion laid away their weapons and some Idolatrous personages were put to death Meane while the Regent hauing gathered vnder her some forces began to sow discord and debate amongst the reformed Nobilitie whereof the lesser part being stirred vp or rather enforced by her menacings and threatnings doe againe take them to their weapons whereupon at Antwerpe did sedition and tumult arise To auoide future daunger William Prince of Orange and Counte Nassaw hereupon departeth out of the Netherlands in happie time Againe at Antwerpe was commandement giuen in certaine places that Sermons should be prohibited and so all things seeme to stand in vncertaintie though some hoped that the Kings displeasure would be pacified To conclude yet so many as were suspected of the reformed religion were taken and violently put to death many others taken endured long imprisonmēt many others fearing worse to come fled these Low Countries dispersing themselues into diuers parts of Europe And all this continued vnder the said Duchesse of Parma Regent for the space of twentie moneths In the time of these troubles and graunt of an Interim to haue frée libertie in preaching the Gospell there fell out a bloodie conflict neere Antwerpe at a place called Austeruile for one Monsieur de Toloze a Protestant suspecting bad practises of the Regent gathered and assembled two thousand souldiers in a fortification not fullie accomplished at the said Austeruile meaning with that force to aide them of Antwerpe if ill measure were offered them which the Regent went cunningly about for she in all secret manner raised a thousand horse and foure thousand footemen and gaue the charge of them to a gallant Captaine called Monsieur Beauvois albeit a cruell man who immediatly marched priuily towards this new fortification and before Monsieur Toloze could make himselfe strong to withstand his enemies the Regents power in the breake of day set vpon the vnreadie and féeble force of Toloze and charged them so furiously and hotly that they entred the weake fortifications ouerthrew the whole companie of Toloze sauing a few that escaped dangerously into Antwerpe among which souldiers Captaine Churchyard saued himselfe and entred Antwerpe Notwithstanding Toloze being slaine and almost all his men the enemie after the victorie gotten marched with all possible spéede towards Antwerpe where fortie Ensignes of the Regents power were in battell on the Market place readie to

succoured and made somewhat in strength and in hope of good fortune the armie meant to passe ouer a little riuer néere Tielmount but by the way were sharply encountred with the whole power of the Duke of Alua where in hazard the Count de Hostraet was shot in the legge of which wound he died andn after The Duke likewise a politike souldier and great gouernour bearded the Prince a while with hot and cruell countenance and so sent Iulian Romero to lie in ambush betwéene a bridge and passage full in the face of the Princes Campe marching to passe the water which Romero most like a rare great souldier in a fine warlike sort couched his force flat on the earth behinde the Forlorne hope sent from the Prince to view and make place for his armies passage Romero came before as one that knew the aduantage of time couching close as flat as they might and so the day consuming all was in rest and both parties in a great wood lay as close as they could The Duke maintaining skirmish followed still after the Réergard of the Prince Romero suffered both the Carriage Vaungard and Battell to passe the bridge and as the Reergard aduaunced themselues to march ouer the passage Romero descried his power of sixe thousand shot and so put al the Forlorne hope to flight or slew the most of them A noble Frenchman called Monsieur de Malberg and all his companie of foure thousand braue souldiers were there defeated with others to the number of eight thousand men which fight and slaughter endured in great and bloodie broyle till the very night approched and compelled both the Camps to lodge within Cannon shot one of another and in the night the Duke priuily stole away for some hidden cause and policie for the next morning Monsieur Ianlis and seuen thousand footemen with fiftéene hundred horse marched ful vpon the Dukes power in a faire plaine néere vnto Namur The Duke dreading Ianlis boldnes and the Princes Camp not farre off turned him backe another way and made his march very fast for feare of a blow then Ianlis and all his noble troupe ioyned with great ioy with the Princes power Immediatly the Prince prepared to besiege a towne called Chasteau Cambresi and marching thitherwards the Duke waited at hand but the towne was strongly besieged notwithstanding the Duke as the Prince had intelligence minded to disturbe him the espials of the Dukes Campe were by the Prince taken which declared in what disorder the Dukes Campe lay whereon without sound of Drumme most secretly the Prince marched to méete the Duke and the barking of dogs vnder the Ruitters waggons gaue warning how both the armies were almost mingled together the night being dark whereat a great alarme arose on both sides but the Dukes Campe within two houres was intrenched and so a great encounter of horsemen a long time passed out the morning in skirmishing with many slaine and hurt The Prince then departing from Flaunders came into France néere Guise and S. Quintins and marched after to disperse his armie towards Strasborogh in the which way Churchyard departing frō the Prince to England so leaues this true testimonie for a witnes that the author which wrote the other historie which Robinson translated left partially out of his booke whereas these matters at that season were worthie of memorie Written fom pag. 5. hitherto by Thomas Churchyard The ciuill Warres proceeding in the Netherlands vnder Don Ferdinando Aluares de Toledo Duke of Alua sent thither by the King of Spaine as Commander Generall AFter all this King Philip still prosecuting his former purpose with further extremities in the yeere of our Lorde 1567. sent thither Don Ferdinando Aluares Duke of Alua by the title of the Kings Commaunder Generall a noble personage no doubt but a notable cruell Tyrant tall of personage leane of bodie like vnto Brutus or Cassius whom Caesar censured to be feared strong of members vpright in stature long and leane faced hollow eyed of fierce and grim countenance with a long and gray beard haughtie of minde stoute of courage and as my Author saith Magnus Aulicus Insignis Dissimulator yet of surpassing skill and knowledge in feates and policies of warre excéeding therein all Spaniards of his time who as he exercised most seuere martiall discipline in his warres so vsed hee great iudgement in leading foorth his armies pitching his Tents and pointing out harbours for his souldiers because he was of long time a continuall practitioner in warres defensiue and offensiue and so bold he was and of such stout selfe-conceit as one fearing no daunger that he would take vpon him no charge of any armie except he might haue the chiefe place and prerogatiue of Commendator Generall as the Spaniards call it As certainly he serued both the father Charles the 5. Emperour before remembred and Philip the sonne now mentioned in chiefest place or calling of Martiall affaires and that in most important and difficult enterprises managing their warres in Italy Spaine France Hungary Germany Africk and the Netherlands who now entring there in person all armed found all things in peaceable state But within a yéere after he began to be stirre him in the ininoyned Inquisition afresh euery where grieuously vexing and persecuting the inhabitants with new impositions mutinies confiscation of goods imprisonment ciuill warres and vnmercifull death daily inueighing against them that they had broken their alleageance to the King and his supreame authoritie and that they had lost all priuiledge of libertie life and possessions therefore he calleth a generall new Councell of the States abrogating old and establishing new lawes quite contrarie to the ancient former customes of those countries vrging daily the new Bishops to be diligent in executing the said Inquisition Summo iure or rather Summa iniuria according to that saying Sic volo sic iubeo stet pro ratione voluntas he himselfe setting all things in order for ciuill wars fortifieth old and erecteth new fortresses Castles and muniments making prouision for prisons and other such preparations This being in the yéere 1569. our English Merchants and Marriners amongst whom my selfe a poore Clerke trauailing towards Antwerpe for my preferment they some in one place some in another I at Flushing vpon Christmas éeue were taken out of our beds and our ships and goods by the Kings commaundement imbargued so carried to the Geuarghen huise as they called it The cause whereof was that certaine ships with the Kings treasure driuen néere the coast of England by tempest of weather were taken by the Quéenes Maiesties ships brought into the Themes by meanes whereof both English Merchants and Marriners were detained in prison and their ships and goods restrained as well in all the Spanish Kings dominions as also on the other partie the King of Spaines subiects and goods were arested in the Quéenes Maiesties kingdomes of England Wales and Ireland which continued for the space of two yéeres following

forgiue all that was past to remedie all euils present and prouide for the best to come These friendly motions made by her Maiestie for both the King and his subiects written in Latin and in English seuerall copies were sent from her Maiestie to the King of Spaine by a wise and learned Gentleman named Master Thomas Wilks on the 20. day of December Anno 1577. In the beginning of the yéere following 1578. the said Don Iohn brought in a new Alexander Farnesius the sonne of Lady Margaret before named Duchesse of Parma and Regent of the Low Countries now by the name and title of Prince of Parma as another enioyned Generall for the Spanish King with his Spanish and Italish souldiers come into those countries In whom Don Iohn hauing great confidence proclaimeth open warres against the Prince the States and those Countries The Pope Gregorie alias ante Hugo the 13. of that name on the other side sendeth his Crosse and denounceth his curse against the Prince of Orange all the States and their partakers in those warres Hereupon Don Iohn taking great encouragement vnto himselfe and those whom he had in charge vnder him set vpon the armie of the States at the towne of Gembleu in the County Namure and there discomfited them with great spoyle and ouerthrow of them on the 30. day of Ianuary 1578. And so still prosecuting his purpose in hope of further victorie he subdueth afterwards Louaine Phillipville Limburge and certaine other townes which he together with the Duke of Parma his forces had accomplished before Iuly following In that Ianuary vz. on the 22. day about 7. of the clocke at night Duke Iohn Casimire Countie Palatine of Rhene and Duke of Bauaria landing at the Tower-wharfe in London was there by diuers Noblemen and others of England honourably receiued and conueied to Sir Thomas Greshams house the Queenes Agent in Bishops gate streete in London where he was feasted and lodged till Sunday next that hee was honourablie brought to her Maiesties Court royall at Whitehall and after lodged at Sommerset-house on the 8. of February following he was made Knight of the Garter and on the 14. of February hee departed homewards with great rewards giuen by the Quéenes Maiestie the Nobilitie and men of honour This noble Duke being a valiant Martiallist became afterwards a stipendarie warriour of great valour and accompt and did much good seruice against the Spaniards for the Prince of Orange and the States of the Low Countries The Warres in the Netherlands vnder the Prince of Parma for the King and the Archduke Matthias for the States VPon the first day of August amongst vs English commonly called Lammas day in the yéere of Christ our Sauiour 1578. which day the Spaniards doe highly honour especially Don Iohn who as this day ouercame the Turks in a battell by sea they endeuoured by all meanes to enterprise some great exploite so as they sent out of Louaine two scoutes or espials in very base apparell to prie about and descrie the Prince of Orange his Tents at that time remaining in the Leger which two souldiers should indéed vse al their endeuour to burne vp the houses neere vnto those Tents and whilest they should so set the inhabitants on worke to quench the fire al the whole Spanish host which consisted of foure thousand horsemen and seuen thousand footemen vnder conduct of Mondragon a Spanish Captaine although Don Iohn the Bastard of Austrich and Alexander Fernesius Duke of Parma were both in person there also should suddenly and at vnwares surprise and suppresse the Prince of Orange his armie But as it was Gods good pleasure and fauour to the contrarie those same two Spies were taken and the enemies were disappointed of their purpose being valiantly encountred by the English Scottish Frenchmen from nine of the clocke in the morning vntill foure of the clocke in the afternoone of the same day and that with a hot and fierce fight fortune so fauouring the States and their forces that they put their enemies to flight and pursued them to the vtmost the space of thrée miles and more The first of the English Captaines which set vpon the enemies was that valiant Lieutenant William Marckham a Nottinghamshire man sterne of countenance strong of hands and couragious of heart like a Lion casting downe ouerthrowing and ouermatching whomsoeuer he met with In whose commendations the States themselues sent diuers Letters into England But in truth the greatest glorie of this fight fell to the then couragious Colonel Norice who comming that Lammas day from Brokam aforesaid very early in the morning to Remingham Leger where the States armie were in fight with Don Iohn of Austrich the Graue van Busshy being Generall of the States armie he the said Colonell Norice ioyning with eleuen companies of Englishmen more vz. of Colonel Candish Colonel Morgan and Colonel Cotton who spent fifteene seuerall barrels of powder vpon the enemies at that time before they entred the Campe of the States euen there the said Colonell Norice hauing three seuerall horses one after another slaine vnder him with greatest valour pursued and subdued his enemies being only weaponed with single sword and his pistols which he vsed euen so surely as who had seene how couragiously he laid about him on euery side might well haue said he had seene a new Hector another Alexander or rather a second Caesar foyling his enemies euery where There were also present at this conflict three English valiant Gentlemen by name Bingams all brethren valiantly behauing themselues vntill two of them vz. Roger and Thomas were pursued by the enemie vnto the very death but the third which was Richard Bingham as it pleased God so to fauour him safely then escaping the enemies danger suruiued a man of good valour for his seruice afterwards in Ireland was knighted and there preferred to the gouernment of Connaugh of whose prowesse and fame they that wil may reade more amply both in Iohn Stowes Chronicle and in the Historie of the warres in Ireland In this fight for seuen houres space were slaine of the enemies fiue hundred besides a number drowned and of our Englishmen and of the Scots were slaine to the number of one hundred at the most yet it was thought the Camp of the States would haue been vtterly ouerthrowne that day if the English forces had not come in as they did Towards the latter end of the yeere 1578. after all these troubles and broyles Don Iohn de Austria hauing thus made his last mounting vpon the stage summoned by Death to sound a Catastrophen sickened in his Tent at Namours about the Calends of October and died as some thinke of the plague others rather beleeuing haue giuen it out that hée being sore grieued with a certaine odious disease what for sorow in minde conceiued at y e hatred of the countrie vpō bruiting of his

ciuill Warres there vnder the Prince of Parma and the Erle of Leicester AFter the said Ambassade sent by the Estates of the Netherlands vnto the Quéenes Maiestie of England Anno 1585. as before by composition in 31. seuerall Articles contained which for breuitie I omit And also after the memorable enterprise by the noble Generall Norice and the English forces happily atchieued against the Enemie at Arnhem and Nemeghem last before recited in the same yéere it pleased her gracious Highnes to send now ouer into the Netherlands the most nobly renowmed Lord Robert Dudley Erle of Leicester Baron of Denbigh and one of her Maiesties most honourable priuie Councell c. with a magnificen● and worthie traine of Noblemen and Gentlemen attending vpō 〈◊〉 into those Netherlands where he ariuing at Flushing in Zeland the 19. of December Anno 1585. was of the Magistrates and Townesmen most honourably entertained and also with him the Lord Robert Deuoreux Erle of Essex and other English Nobles and Gentlemen to the number of seuen hundred horse From thence out of Zeland they sailed into Holland where in all Cities and places as they passed they were ioyfully receiued vntill they came vnto the Haghe in Holland in the moneth of Ianuary 1585 and there the Estates generall and Prouinciall came vnto his Excellencie friendly embraced him and honourably intertained him and all his traine with surpassing ioy and welcome and on the Calends of February following surrendred vnto him as to her Highnes Lieutenant Generall of all her forces there the gouernment of those vnited Prouinces vz. of the Duthcie of Gelders Counties of Zutphen Holland and Zeland the Seigniouries of Vtrecht Frizland and Ouerissel and of other Townes and places which as yet they possessed in Flanders and Brabant Promising and binding themselues by vertue of their oth in all and euery degrée from the highest to the lowest by land and by sea to yéeld and performe al diligence obedience and fidelitie for their and our generall good of peace and warres from time to time during his gouernment His Excellencie making like promise of his part for the defence of the said Estates people and Prouinces accordingly Actum Hagae in Hollandia Cal. Februarij 1585. Subscripsit Aersius According to the rule and forme of these ordenances the said Erle Generall taketh vpon him the said gouernment confirmed in full and absolute authoritie thereunto by common consent of the said Estates in generall there bearing publike offices with the seuerall Gouernours of those Prouinces Colonels Captaines souldiers vnder their charge for whom and in whose name especially Countie Maurice of Nassaw and Countie Hoghenloe with other Martiall Gouernours doe promise to performe all possible endeuours assistance defence and supportation in all points The Quéenes Maiestie of England receiuing newes hereof was moued in minde and thinking these things chiefly done to the end she should be more bounden or tyed to inconuenience then she determined sendeth foorthwith thither Sir Thomas Hennage Knight her Vizechamberlaine with letters the 13. of February Anno 1585. aforesaid wherein she signified her selfe hardly to allow the absolute gouernment of those Countries so surrendred vnto the Erle of Leicester and that it seemed very absurb vnto her for as much as her Highnes had refused such proffer to be made vnto her and to lay the burthen of that gouernment vpon her Minister or Officer before refused of her Maiestie without her Counsell seemed indéede to be a great signe of manifest ignominie or iniurie done vnto her Highnes as though her Maiesties wisedome and iudgement were wanting and could not discerne what were to be receiued nor what to be refused So as that thing was quite contrarie and repugnant especially to the Declaration published in print as touching these affaires wherein was openly testified that her Highnes gaue only succour vnto the Netherlands and vnto her Neighbours and not indéede to intrude or thrust her selfe into absolute protection or supreme gouernment of those people and Prouinces For these things being so done now would euery man take occasion to thinke and iudge otherwise then her Highnes meant herein especially such persons would doe that who thinke they may lawfully censure and iudge vpon Princes doings as they list and after their sensualitie so as thereby her Maiesties fame and honour might chiefly be detracted And therefore that all the world might know how iustly and vprightly in this behalfe she determined to procoode her Highnes pleasure is and she commaundeth the said authoritie to be reuoked and forbiddeth that the Erle shall not vse any other authoritie then is contained in the mutuall Contract made and published And that thing being so obserued no doubt it would be profitable to the Common-wealth in time to come And her Maiestie further addeth she made not refusall for that cause that she had not any care of the welfare of those Prouinces but for that she had prouident care of her owne Honour and how to stop the mouthes of the malignant and such as were her enemies The residue which were to be spoken herein were expressed in her Highnes letters so written The Estates seeing these letters were in much doubt and doe send answere vnto her Maiestie touching the same on the 25. of March 1586. out of the Citie of Amsterdam and excuse the same authoritie so giuen to be with all humilitie and commoditie for both parts and affirme that these things were not done to burthen or binde her Maiestie more then the Contract contained but as cause of necessitie so required they were thus done and passed They alleage how that authoritie must especially be necessarie and better it was the Prouinces to haue but one then two Gouernours and it seemed farre safer for them to entertaine her Maiesties subiect and Deputie then to chuse and authorize another and such a one as they had before and such authoritie to giue him as the same might be reuoked at any time But for the word Absolute they alleage that was only added to distinguish the gouernment that the same might be discerned from others that they by a Prouiso might be ordered and by commaundements and instructions might be bounden and tyed the better to performe their duties and for better execution of Martiall discipline and not that sole and soueraigne rule might be giuen him That it was by example of the Romanes and other people Salua dignitate Principatus Dominij quae remansit penes populū sauing the dignitie of the Principalitie and soueraigntie which remained in the power of the people and moreouer to the end they might more easily withstand and resist the enemies practises and enterprises and that the peoples hearts troubled and altogether brokē with feare and furious outrage might be the better succoured and comforted And so they beseech her Maiestie not to forsake them now in their distresse and promising all dutie answerable to her Maiesties most royall expectation

their passage euery where againe planting his Ordenance and Munitions round about Heyl to besiege it so it happened that Parma was constrained winter comming on to dismisse his hoste and furnishing with conuenient forces of their Garrisons the Castles of Heymert and Heyl and other his defences he departed to the mouth of the Riuer Deynsa adioyning néere vnto the towne of Sherteghanbusch The Duke of Parma in this yéere 1589. was ouertaken by a grieuous disease or sicknes many were the causes supposed to be thereof namely and first that on the tenth day of Nouember 1588. as he was riding from Berghen to Machlin he fell off from a bridge into the water Vnto which chance happened many other euils such as were the sorrow which he conceiued by the euill successe of the Spanish Nauie in the inuasion of England a little before in that last yéere 1588. And the siege of Berghen from whence hee was enforced to depart without any thing done by him Also that by the Duke of Pastrana and the Prince of Ascoly many things were spoken and done to his reproch and disdaine And again because he vnderstood that certaine letters of Exchange as they call them sent by him into Spaine by the instigation of some euill willers which perchance he there had were neither receiued nor yet the money for them paid when those letters mentioned that the money amounted vnto 100000. Ducats wherefore he laboureth greatly by some meanes to satisfie the Italian Merchants and about the same time deceased his Vncle by his fathers side called the Great Cardinall Farnesius by whom he had great helpe and furtherance To be short therefore he falling sicke in the moneth of May 1589. all vnhealthie and heauie in plight then departed to Spada a Fountaine in the land of Luke there to vse the benefit of a Bath taking his lodging at Montfort or in the towne adioyning where he dranke the waters of Spada or Spau for his health sake and liued after that vntill the 12. day of Nouember 1592. and then died in the citie of Arras in Artoys one of the seuenteene Prouinces of the Netherlands Thus farre translated out of Emanuel Meteranus his Belgic Historie A BRIEF DISCOVRSE OF THE MEMORABLE VOYage to Portugall Anno 1589. by Sir Iohn Norice and Sir Francis Drake Knights with the English forces INprimis to the glory of God and honour of her Maiestie be it specially remembred that the two Generals aforesaid made certaine orders in number 14. for the Souldiers and Mariners going to sea and other 54. orders for the Captaines Souldiers and Sailers during the voyage to be by them and euery of them duly and dutifully obserued and performed Their Nauie consisting of Shippes great and small and of men set forward from Plimmouth the 17. of Aprill Anno 1589. to the sea The Admirall The Arke Sir Iohn Norice Sir Francis Drake two Generals The Vizadmirall The Golden Lyon Captaine Thomas Fenner The Rereadmirall The Dreadnot Captaine William Fenner The sixe principall Masters of the Quéenes Ships Thomas West Robert Wignald Iohn Bennet Robert Hart Roger Tallent Richard Burnet The fiue Colonels of the fiue Regiments in the Nauie and Armie Sir Iohn Norice Sir Francis Drake Sir Roger Williams Sir Edward Norice and Captaine George Fenner The fiue Lieutenants Colonels of the fiue Squadrons Captaine Thomas Drake Captaine Sachuile Captaine Garton Captaine Goring and Captaine Winter The fiue Captaines of the Watch of the fiue Squadrons and their Corporals Captaine Web of the Reuenge Captaine Champernoune of the Non per illa Captaine Gifford of the Dreadnought Captaine Norwood of the Foresight Captaine George Drake of the Swiftsure Corporals Captaine Young Captaine Seigar Captaine Thomas Baker Captaine Wilde Captaine Cripse The seuen Commissioners Iohn Sachuile William Winter Alexander Musgraue William Fenner Thomas Drake Iames Lancaster Iohn Goring The Secretary of the Nauie Master Anthony Ashly The Surueyor generall of the victuals Master Marmeduke Daryell The Treasurer of the Nauie The Viztreasurer Master Stalling The Surueyor of the Nauie Captaine Ro. Flicke The Lieutenant of the Ordenance of the Nauie Captaine Iames Lancaster Captaine generall of the Watch Captaine Bowyer The Master of the Discoueries and Lieutenant Colonell of the Pinnasses Captaine Foxcroft The Transport Master Captaine Alexander Musgraue aforesaid The Clerke of the store Master Aldridge The fiue Corporals of the fiue Squadrons Captaine Young of the squadron of the Reuenge Captaine Seigar of the Non perilla Captain Thomas Baker of the Dreadnought Captaine Wilde of the Swiftsure Captaine Peter Cripse of the Foresight A Journall of the Portugall Voyage Anno 1589. WEdnesday the 17. of Aprill 1589. they embarked at Plimmouth Tuesday the 23. of Aprill they fell with the Coast of Galizia Wednesday the 24. of Aprill they landed at a little Hermitage East side of the Corunna or Groyne supposed 12000. strong From thence to Andyas where they had a small skirmish with no losse to the English The 25. of Aprill being Thursday our men wasted and burned in the countrey what they could with fire and sword Saturday the 27. of Aprill they assaulted the base Towne of the Corunna and wonne it with small losse to them and the Enemie retired into the high Towne not aboue seuen Ensignes strong as was thought Sunday the 28. of Aprill they so battered a great Galeaz wherein Ricaldo serued the last yéere 1588. as Viz-admirall of that Nauie sent into England that the Spaniards now not able to kéepe her discharged her Ordenance fired her and ranne her on ground with no hurt to vs at all The same day they went from Andyas to the base Towne of the Corunna where they found much Béefe Salt Meale Wheate Oyle Fish and Wines as was thought to victuall 40000. men a quarter of a yéere besides Gables Hempe Rosen Waxe Pitch Tallow and other things for shipping store which was leuied for a new force to haue come into England this Summer But in fourtéene daies there was hardly one bit of bread wine or other victuals to be had in any quarter of the Towne except by some priuate officer or Captaine The same day the Enemie lying not farre off thence presented a Brauado before the Towne gates against whom when our men sallied foorth without more adoe or any encounter they fled and twelue of them were slaine Monday the 29. of Aprill our men summoned the high Towne who refused all parley There all the Spaniards that our men could gather after they had taken them they slew to the great amazing of the Enemie beholding the same That night the Spaniards desired parley and not long after fired certaine houses néere their vpper towne walles Wednesday the first of May 1589. our English laid their battery vnto la Corunna the great where through the weakenes of the Rampier betwéene our great Ordenance and the Enemie which fell downe with oft shaking they were driuen from their péeces by the enemies Musquet shot from the towne

would forsake his trecherous course and become a faithfull obedient subiect He answered with great protestations that he was sorie for his offence and that there was no Prince in the world whom he did or would more honour and reuerence then her Maiestie neuer naming her Highnes but with his hat off all which shewes of obedience in him made many beléeue that he meant to become otherwise then since he hath proued himselfe But those that haue liued long in that countrey amongst them know by experience that they are a people full of malecontentment inconstancie rebellion and treason desiring no other gouernment but their owne rude barbarous and disordered kinde of life and manners most horrible and odious to all that feare God obey their Prince and loue their Countrey It was euer doubted by Sir Iohn Norice and to be beleeued of euery one that know the Rebell Tyrone that he neuer meant to be faithfull in his word wherefore his trecherous delaies could not be imputed to any remisse course held by Sir Iohn Norice towards Tyrone But there is no question had Sir Iohn Norice liued he would haue made it appeared vnto the world as he hath done heretofore that the zeale he did beare to doe her Maiestie and his Countrey seruice was such as that priuate malice in crossing him shuld neuer haue had power either to make him faile in the least point of his alleageance or to burie any of his honourable intended enterprises I haue heard him say my self and so haue others which now liue in Ireland that if he could but hope that the Rebel Tyrone would vnfainedly accept of her Maiesties grace and mercie towards him and that he the said Sir Iohn Norice might haue béen the instrument to haue perswaded him to become a faithfull subiect he would not haue cared what labour or paines he endured to be assured thereof It was thought that the prosecuting of Feugh Mac Hugh was contrary to the Articles agreed vpon betweene the Commissioners and the Rebell Tyrone and it should appeare that he disliked thereof For after his pardon was sent him by Sir Edward Moore and he in all things to the shew of the world readie to haue accepted thereof on the sudden his pardon was brought backe and he returned excéedingly discontented After the time of this last treatie with Tyrone which was in the latter end of Ianuary aforesaid he remained vpon the borders of the North still expecting direction how to procéed in those Northerne affaires which continued from the moneth of Ianuary aforesaid 1596. vntill the moneth of May in the yéere 1597. following for the space of foure moneths At which time he the said Generall Norice receiued aduertisement out of England that the Lord Borowes should come ouer Deputie into Ireland So vntil his comming the Generall kept himselfe vpon the borders of the North. It was thought at the Lord Borowes comming ouer the old grudge would be renewed but I think that matter was carried into England before the Lord Borowes departed thence For that after their méeting contrarie to the expectation of many Sir Iohn Norice caried himselfe very discréetly and respectiuely towards him besides that he made knowne vnto him the state of the countrey at that present together with his best counsell and aduice for the reforming of the desperate estate that then the kingdome was left in In so much as it was thought before Sir Iohn Norice his going into his gouernment of Munster that they were both good friends But now vpon the Lord Borowes his receiuing of the Sword Sir Iohn Norice was absolutely sequestred from all commaund except that of the Prouince and so sent downe into Munster with an opinion to get leaue to passe into England But that fell out contrary to his expectation So he hast ouer three moneths with a shew of his health although inwardly he felt his owne griefe And thus the cause of his conceiued griefe was the hastening of his death and so iudged of by most men which knew the same The manner of his death was answerable to his honourable life and knowne to some of his seruants and followers who now with great griefe must rew it He died the third day of September 1597. at his Brother Sir Thomas Norices house in the towne of Mayallo in the Prouince of Munster within the kingdome of Ireland at the 50. yéere of his age hauing spent 26. of them being the most flourishing time of his life in her Maiesties seruice against her enemies in the Netherlands Spayne Portugall France Britaine and Ireland as particularly before and here finally is mentioned The Honourable Lord Henry Norice Baron of Rycot father of the said Lord Generall had fiue sons moe all Martiall men vz. Master William his eldest sonne seruing in Ireland and there deceased Sir Edward his third sonne seruing lastly at Ostend now liuing Sir Henry Norice his fourth sonne and Sir Thomas his fift sonne both seruing lastly in Ireland hurt and died there but buried in England and Master Maximilian his sixt and youngest sonne died in France The honorable Ladie Margerie Mother to all these died at London 1599. The said honourable Lord Henry their father died at Rycot Anno 1601. Thus being intreated to set downe what I knew that passed vpon Sir Iohn Norices side at his latter daies in Ireland I haue although not iournally yet of my certaine knowledge truly and duly described all the notable occurrents that passed from his last comming out of Britaine to the time of his death in Ireland as before is said All this seruice in Ireland was set down by Daniel Gyles sometime Page and after lately seruant to the said Generall Norice at his death as aforesaid FINIS 1547. 1. Edw. 6. Exordium de quatuor circumstantijs The first circumstance Historia Belgica lib. 1. The second circumstance Historia Belgica lib. 1. The third circumstance Historia Belgica lib. 1. The fourth circumstance Historia Belgica lib. 1. Historia Belgica lib. 2. Anno 1566. The States finding thēselues greatly iniuried and grieued by y e Spanish Inquisitiō do exhibit vnto the Regent a iust protestation of their cause The keyes and custodie of Antwerpe in Churchyards hands at this vprore witnes Master Ioseph and his brother Master Richard Candeler Churchyard Captaine of 30. thousand in this time at Antwerpe The Prince of Orange and Counte Nassaw departeth out of the troubled Low Countries in happie time Churchyard then fled to England in a Priests apparell and came to y e Queene The Protestants chuse Churchyard their Captaine The Duke of Alua sent as Gouernour ouer the Low Countries vnder King Philip Lib. 3. He made a general restraint of Englishmēs ships goods Historia Belgica lib. 4. Anno 1569. Certain Christian Princes assist y e Prince of Orange to fortifie the Low Countries Historia Belgica lib. 3. King Philip imprisoneth his owne son The Duchesse of Parma departeth into Italy