Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	sea_n	temperate_a	zone_n	22	3	13.5580	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16711	A briefe and true relation of the discouerie of the north part of Virginia being a most pleasant, fruitfull and commodious soile: made this present yeere 1602, by Captaine Bartholomew Gosnold, Captaine Bartholowmew [sic] Gilbert, and diuers other gentlemen their associats, by the permission of the honourable knight, Sir Walter Ralegh, &c. Written by M. Iohn Brereton one of the voyage. Whereunto is annexed a treatise, of M. Edward Hayes, conteining important inducements for the planting in those parts, and finding a passage that way to the South sea, and China.	Brereton, John, 1572-ca. 1619.; Hayes, Edward, fl. 1602.	1602 (1602)	STC 3611; ESTC S122400	31,034	49

vs fortified within where the very elements and famine shall fight for vs though we should lie still and defend onely The Saluages neither in this attempt shall hurt vs they being simple naked and vnarmed destitute of edge-tooles or weapons whereby they are vnable either to defend thēselues or to offend vs neither is it our intent to prouoke but to cherrish and win them vnto Christianitie by faire meanes yet not to trust them too far but to prouide against all accidents Then to conclude as we of all other nations are most fit for a discouery and planting in remote places euen so vnder the heauens there is no place to be found so conuenient for such a purpose by reason of the temperature commodities apt site for trade repaire thither already of so many ships which in any other frequented countrey can not be procured in a mans age nor with expense of halfe a million So as the onely difficultie now is in our first preparation to transport some few people at the beginning the charges whereof shall be defraied by our first returne of fish and some commodities of Sassafras Hides Skinnes and Furres which we shall also haue by trading with the Saluages The proofe of which commodities shall incourage our merchants to venter largely in the next The supplie shall easily and continually be sent by ships which yéerely goe from hence vnto the Newfound-land and vs and the intercourse exchange we shall haue with all nations repairing thither shall store vs with aboundance of all things for our necessities and delightes Which reasons if they had béene foreséene of them that planted in the South part of Virginia which is a place destitute of good harbours and farre from all trade no doubt but if they had settled neerer vnto this frequented trade in the Newfound-land they had by this time béene a flourishing State and plentifull in all things who also might then haue made way into the bowels of that large continent where assuredly we shall discouer very goodly and rich kingdomes and cities It may also séeme a matter of great consequence for the good and securitie of England that out of these Northerly regions we shall be able to furnish this realme of all maner of prouisions for our nauies namely Pitch Rosen Cables Ropes Masts and such like which shall be made within those her Maiesties owne dominions by her owne subiects and brought hither thorow the Ocean frée from restraint of any other prince whereby the customes and charges bestowed by our merchants to the inriching of forren Estates shall be lessened and turned to the benefit of her Highnesse and her deputies in those parts which also shall deliuer our merchants from many troubles molestations which they now vnwillingly indure in our East trades and shall make vs the lesse to doubt the malice of those States whom now we may not offend lest we should be intercepted of the same prouisions to the weakening of our nauie the most roiall defence of this noble realme Of a conuenient passage and trade into the South Sea vnder temperate regions part by riuers and some part ouer land in the continent of America Neither vpon the discoueries of Iaques Noel who hauing passed beyond the thrée Saults where Iaques Carrier left to discouer finding the riuer of S. Laurence passable on the other side or branch and afterwards vnderstood of the inhabitants that the same riuer did lead into a mighty lake which at the entrance was fresh but beyond was bitter or salt the end whereof was vnknowen Omitting therefore these hopes I will ground my opinion vpon reason and nature which will not faile For this we know alreadie that great riuers haue béene discouered a thousand English miles into that continent of America namely that of S. Laurence or Canada But not regarding miles more or lesse most assuredly that and other knowen riuers there doe descend from the highest parts or mountaines or middle of that continent into our North sea And like as those mountains doe cast from them streames into our North seas euen so the like they doe into the South sea which is on the backe of that continent For all mountaines haue their descents toward the seas about them which are the lowest places and proper mansions of water and waters which are contained in the mountaines as it were in cisternes descending naturally doe alwaies resort vnto the seas inuironing those lands for example From the Alps confining Germanie France and Italie the mighty riuer Danubie doth take his course East and dischargeth into the Pontique sea the Rhine North and falleth into the Germane sea the Rhosne West and goeth into the Mediterran sea the Po South is emptied into the Adriatick or gulfe of Venice other instances may be produced to like effect in Africk yea at home amongst the mountaines in England Seeing then in nature this can not be denied and by experience elsewhere is found to be so I will shew how a trade may be disposed more commodiously into the South sea thorow these temperate and habitable regions than by the frozen Zones in the supposed passages of Northwest or Northeast where if the very moment be omitted of the time to passe then are we like to be frozen in the seas or forced to Winter in extreame cold and darkenesse like vnto hell or in the midst of Summer we shal be in perill to haue our ships ouerwhelmed or crusht in pieces by hideous and fearefull mountaines of yce floting vpon those seas Therefore foure Staple-places must be erected when the most short and passable way is found that is to say two vpon the North side at the head and fall of the riuer and two others on the South side at the head and fall also of that other riuer Prouided that ships may passe vp those riuers vnto the Staples so farre as the same be nauigable into the land and afterwards that boats with flat bottomes may also passe so high and néere the heads of the riuers vnto the Staples as possibly they can euen with lesse than two foot water which can not then be far from the heads as in the riuer of Chagre That necke or space of land betwéene the two heads of the said riuers if it be 100 leagues which is not like the commodities from the North and from the South sea brought thither may wel be carried ouer the same vpon horses mules or beasts of that countrey apt to labour as the elke or buffel or by the aid of many Saluages accustomed to burdens who shall stead vs greatly in these affaires It is moreouer to be considered that all these countreys do yéeld so farre as is knowen Cedars Pines Firre trées and Oaks to build mast and yeard ships wherefore we may not doubt but that ships may be builded on the South sea Then as ships on the South side may goe and returne to and from Cathay China and other most

shall néed the same riuers doe worke the like effect in benefit for the incariage of the same aptly easily and cheaply 19 If we finde the countrey populous and desirous to expel vs and iniuriously to offend vs that séeke but iust and lawfull trafficke then by reason that we are lords of nauigation and they not so we are the better able to defend our selues by reason of those great riuers to annoy them in many places 20 Where there be many petie kings or lords planted on the riuers sides and by all likelihood mainteine the frontiers of their seuerall territories by warres we may by the aide of this riuer ioine with this king héere or with that king there at our pleasure and may so with a few men be reuenged of any wrong offered by any of them or may if we will procéed with extremitie conquer fortifie and plant in soiles most swéet most pleasant most strong and most fertile and in the end bring them all in subiection and to ciuilitie 21 The knowen abundance of Fresh fish in the riuers and the knowen plentie of Fish on the sea coast there may assure vs of sufficient victuall in spight of the people if we will vse salt and industrie 22 The knowen plentie and varietie of Flesh of diuers kinds of beasts at land there may séeme to say to vs that we may cheaply victuall our nauies to England for our returnes which benefit euery where is not found of merchants 23 The practise of the people of the East Indies when the Portugals came thither first was to cut from the Portugals their lading of Spice and heereby they thought to ouerthrow their purposed trade If these people shall practise the like by not suffering vs to haue any commoditie of theirs without conquest which requireth some time yet may we mainteine our first voyage thither till our purpose come to effect by the sea-fishing on the coasts there and by dragging for pearles which are said to be on those parts and by returne of those commodities the charges in part shall be defraied which is a matter of consideration in enterprises of charge 24 If this realme shall abound too too much with youth in the mines there of Golde as that of Chisca and Saguenay of Siluer Copper Yron c. may be an imployment to the benefit of this realme in tilling of the rich soile there for graine and in planting of Uines there for Wine or dressing of those Uines which grow there naturally in great abundance Oliues for Oile Orenge trées Limons Figs and Almonds for fruit Oad Saffron and Madder for Diers Hoppes for Brewers Hempe Flaxe and in many such other things by imploiment of the soile our people void of sufficient trades may be honestly imploied that els may become hurtfull at home 25 The nauigating of the seas in the voyage and of the great riuers there will bréed many Mariners for seruice and mainteine much nauigation 26 The number of raw Hides there of diuers kindes of beasts if we shall possesse some Island there or settle on the firme may presently imploy many of our idle people in diuers seuerall dressings of the same and so we may returne them to the people that can not dresse them so well or into this realm where the same are good merchandize or to Flanders c. which present gaine at the first raiseth great incouragement presently to the enterprise 27 Since great waste Woods be there of Oake Cedar Pine Wall-nuts and sundry other sorts many of our waste people may be imployed in making of Ships Hoies Busses and Boats and to making of Rozen Pitch and Tarre the trées naturall for the same being certeinly knowen to be néere Cape Briton and the Bay of Menan and in many other places there about 28 If mines of white or gray marble Iet or other rich stone be found there our idle people may be imployed in the mines of the same and in preparing the same to shape and so shaped they may be caried into this realm as good balast for our ships and after serue for noble buildings 29 Sugar-canes may be planted aswell as they are now in the South of Spaine and besides the imploiment of our idle people we may receiue the commodity cheaper and not inrich infidels or our doubtful friends of whom now we receiue that commoditie 30 The daily great increase of Woolles in Spaine and the like in the West Indies and the great imploiment of the same into Cloth in both places may mooue vs to endeuour for vent of our Cloth new discoueries of peopled regions where hope of sale may arise otherwise in short time many inconueniences may possibly ensue 31 This land that we purpose to direct our course to lying in part in the 40 degree of latitude being in like heat as Lisbone in Portugall doth and in the more Southerly part as the most Southerly coast of Spaine doth may by our diligence yeeld vnto vs besides Wines and Oiles and Sugars Orenges Limons Figs Resings Almonds Pomegranates Rice Raw-silks such as come from Granada and diuers commodities for Diers as Anile and Cochenillio and sundry other colours and materials Moreouer we shall not onely receiue many precious commodities besides from thence but also shal in time finde ample vent of the labour of our poore people at home by sale of Hats Bonets Kniues Fish-hooks Copper kettles Beads Looking-glasses Bugles a thousand kinds of other wrought wares that in short time may be brought in vse among the people of that countrey to the great reliefe of the multitude of our poore people and to the woonderfull enriching of this realme And in time such league entercourse may arise betwéene our Stapling seats there and other ports of our Northern America and of the Islands of the same that incredible things and by few as yet dreamed of may spéedily follow tending to the impeachment of our mightie enemies and to the common good of this noble gouernment The ends of this voyage are these 1. To plant Christian religion 2. To trafficke 3. To conquer Or to doe all thrée TO plant Christian religion without conquest will bée hard Trafficke easily followeth conquest conquest is not easie Trafficke without conquest séemeth possible and not vneasie What is to be done is the question If the people be content to liue naked and to content themselues with few things of méere necessity then trafficke is not So then in vaine séemeth our voyage vnlesse this nature may be altered as by conquest and other good meanes it may be but not on a sudden The like whereof appeared in the East Indies vpon the Portugals seating there If the people in the Inland be clothed and desire to liue in the abundance of all such things as Europe doth and haue at home all the same in plentie yet we can not haue trafficke with them by meane they want not any thing that we can yéeld them Admit that they haue desire to your

rich regions of the East world in fiue moneths or thereabouts euen so the goods being carried ouer vnto the North side ships may come thither from England to fetch the same goods and returne by a voyage of foure or fiue moneths vsually So as in euery foure moneths may be returned into England the greatest riches of Cathay China Iapan and the rest which will be Spices Drugges Muske Pearle Stones Gold Siluer Silks Clothes of gold all maner of precious things which shall recompense the time and labour of their transportation and carriage if it were as farre and dangerous as the Moores trade is from Fess and Marocco ouer the burning and moueable sands in which they perish many times and suffer commonly great distresses vnto the riuer called Niger in Africa and from thence vp the said riuer manie hundred miles afterwards ouer-land againe vnto the riuer Nilus and so vnto Cairo in Egypt from whence they returne the way they came Or if it were a voyage so farre as our merchants haue made into Persia euen to Ormus by the way of the North through Russia into the Caspian sea and so foorth with paiment of many tolles But this passage ouer and thorow the continent of America as the same shall be alwaies vnder temperate and habitable climats and a pleasant passage after it hath béene a little frequented euen so it must fall out much shorter than it séemeth by false description of that continent which doth not extend so farre into the West as by later nauigations is found and described in more exquisit charts Besides that the sea extends it selfe into the land very farre in many places on the South side whereby our accesse vnto the South ocean shall be by so much the shorter FINIS Inducements to the liking of the voyage intended towards Virginia in 40. and 42. degrees of latitude written 1585. by M. Richard Hakluyt the elder sometime student of the Middle Temple THe glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels 2 The increase of the force of the Christians 3 The possibilitie of the inlarging of the dominions of the Quéenes most excellent Maiestie and consequently of her honour reuenues and of her power by this enterprise 4 An ample vent in time to come of the Woollen clothes of England especially those of the coursest sorts to the maintenance of our poore that els sterue or become burdensome to the realme and vent also of sundry our commodities vpon the tract of that firme land and possibly in other regions from the Northerne side of that maine 5 A great possibilitie of further discoueries of other regions from the North part of the same land by sea and of vnspeakable honor and benefit that may rise vpon the same by the trades to ensue in Iapan China and Cathay c. 6 By returne thence this realme shall receiue by reason of the situation of the climate and by reason of the excellent soile Oade Oile Wines Hops Salt and most or all the commodities that we receiue from the best parts of Europe and we shall receiue the same better cheape than now we receiue them as we may vse the matter 7 Receiuing the same thence the nauie the humane strength of this realme our merchants and their goods shal not be subiect to arrest of ancient enemies doubtfull friends as of late yéeres they haue béene 8 If our nation do not make any conquest there but only vse trafficke and change of commodities yet by meane the countrey is not very mightie but diuided into pety kingdoms they shall not dare to offer vs any great annoy but such as we may easily reuenge with sufficient chastisement to the vnarmed people there 9 Whatsoeuer commodities we receiue by the Stéelyard merchants or by our owne merchants from Eastland be it Flaxe Hempe Pitch Tarre Masts Clap-boord Wainscot or such like the like good may we receiue from the North and Northeast part of that countrey néere vnto Cape Briton in returne for our course Woollen clothes Flanels and Rugges fit for those colder regions 10 The passage to and fro is thorow the maine Ocean sea so as we are not in danger of any enemies coast 11 In the voyage we are not to crosse the burnt Zone nor to passe thorow frozen seas encombred with ice and fogs but in temperate climate at all times of the yéere and it requireth not as the East Indie voiage doth the taking in of water in diuers places by reason that it is to be sailed in fiue or six wéeks and by the shortnesse the merchant may yéerely make two returnes a factory once being erected there a matter in trade of great moment 12 In this trade by the way in our passe to and fro we haue in tempests and other haps all the ports of Ireland to our aid and no néere coast or any enemy 13 By this ordinary trade we may annoy the enemies to Ireland and succour the Quéenes Maiesties friends there and in time we may from Virginia yéeld them whatsoeuer commoditie they now receiue from the Spaniard and so the Spaniards shall want the ordinary victual that heertofore they receiued yéerely from thence and so they shall not continue trade nor fall so aptly in practise against this gouernment as now by their trade thither they may 14 We shall as it is thought enioy in this voyage either some small Islands to settle on or some one place or other on the firme land to fortifie for the saftie of our ships our men and our goods the like whereof we haue not in any forren place of our trafficke in which respect we may be in degrée of more safetie and more quiet 15 The great plentie of Buffe hides and of many other sundry kinds of hides there now presently to be had the trade of Whale and Seale fishing and of diuers other fishings in the great riuers great bayes and seas there shall presently defray the charge in good part or in all of the first enterprise and so we shall be in better case than our men were in Russia where many yéeres were spent and great summes of money consumed before gaine was sound 16 The great broad riuers of that maine that we are to enter into so many leagues nauigable or portable into the maine land lying so long a tract with so excellent and so fertile a soile on both sides doe séeme to promise all things that the life of man doth require and whatsoeuer men may wish that are to plant vpon the same or to trafficke in the same 17 And whatsoeuer notable commoditie the soile within or without doth yéeld in so long a tract that is to be carried out from thence to England the same riuers so great and déepe do yéeld no small benefit for the sure safe easie and cheape cariage of the same to shipboord be it of great bulke or of great weight 18 And in like sort whatsoeuer commoditie of England the Inland people there