.24_o hour_n half_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o other_o half_o be_v under_o his_o only_a centre_n describe_v both_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n and_o therefore_o see_v the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v almost_o .24_o degree_n it_o follow_v his_o great_a height_n in_o those_o country_n to_o be_v almost_o .24_o degree_n and_o so_o high_a be_v the_o sun_n at_o noon_n to_o we_o in_o london_n about_o the_o .29_o of_o october_n be_v in_o the_o .15_o degree_n of_o scorpio_n and_o likewise_o the_o .21_o of_o january_n be_v in_o the_o .15_o of_o aquarius_n therefore_o look_v what_o force_n the_o sun_n at_o noon_n have_v in_o london_n the_o .29_o of_o october_n london_n the_o same_o force_n of_o heat_n it_o have_v to_o they_o that_o dwell_v under_o the_o pole_n the_o space_n almost_o of_o two_o month_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o summer_n solstitium_fw-la and_o that_o without_o intermingle_v of_o any_o cold_a night_n â—_o so_o that_o if_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o noon_n can_v be_v well_o measure_v in_o london_n which_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o do_v because_o of_o the_o long_a night_n which_o engender_v great_a moisture_n and_o cold_a then_o will_v manifest_o appear_v by_o express_a number_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o heat_n under_o the_o pole_n which_o certain_o must_v needs_o be_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n very_o commodious_a and_o profitable_a if_o it_o incline_v not_o to_o over_o much_o heat_n and_o if_o moisture_n do_v not_o want_v for_o as_o in_o october_n in_o england_n we_o find_v temperate_a air_n and_o have_v in_o our_o garden_n herb_n and_o flower_n notwithstanding_o our_o cold_a night_n how_o much_o more_o shall_v they_o have_v the_o same_o good_a air_n be_v continual_a without_o night_n this_o heat_n of_o we_o continue_v but_o one_o hour_n while_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n but_o they_o continue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o one_o height_n this_o our_o heat_n be_v weak_a and_o by_o the_o coolness_n of_o the_o night_n vanish_v that_o heat_n be_v strong_a and_o by_o continual_a access_n be_v still_o increase_v and_o strengthen_v and_o thus_o by_o a_o similitude_n of_o the_o equal_a height_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o both_o place_n pole_n appear_v the_o commodious_a and_o moderate_a heat_n of_o the_o region_n under_o the_o pole_n and_o sure_o i_o can_v not_o think_v that_o the_o divine_a providence_n have_v make_v any_o thing_n uncommunicable_a but_o to_o have_v give_v such_o order_n to_o all_o thing_n that_o one_o way_n or_o other_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v employ_v and_o that_o every_o thing_n and_o place_n shall_v be_v tolerable_a to_o the_o next_o but_o especial_o all_o thing_n in_o this_o low_a world_n be_v give_v to_o man_n to_o have_v dominion_n and_o use_n thereof_o therefore_o we_o need_v no_o long_o to_o doubt_v of_o the_o temperate_a and_o commodious_a habitation_n under_o the_o pole_n during_o the_o time_n of_o summer_n but_o all_o the_o controversy_n consist_v in_o the_o winter_n for_o then_o the_o sun_n leave_v those_o region_n and_o be_v no_o more_o see_v for_o the_o space_n of_o other_o six_o moenth_n in_o the_o which_o time_n all_o the_o sun_n course_n be_v under_o their_o horizon_n for_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o year_n and_o then_o those_o region_n say_v some_o must_v needs_o be_v deform_v with_o horrible_a darkness_n pole_n and_o continual_a night_n which_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o beast_n can_v not_o seek_v their_o food_n and_o that_o also_o the_o cold_a shall_v then_o be_v intolerable_a by_o which_o double_a evil_n all_o live_a creature_n shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o die_v and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o extremity_n and_o injury_n of_o winter_n and_o famine_n ensue_v thereof_o but_o that_o all_o thing_n shall_v perish_v before_o the_o summer_n follow_v when_o they_o shall_v bring_v forth_o their_o brood_n &_o young_a &_o that_o for_o these_o cause_n the_o say_v clime_n about_o the_o pole_n shall_v be_v desolate_a &_o not_o habitable_a to_o all_o which_o objection_n may_v be_v answer_v in_o this_o manner_n first_o that_o though_o the_o sun_n be_v absent_a from_o they_o those_o six_o month_n yet_o it_o follow_v not_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o extreme_a darkness_n for_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v depart_v under_o their_o horizon_n winter_n so_o be_v it_o not_o far_o from_o they_o and_o not_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o sun_n fall_v so_o sudden_o come_v the_o dark_a night_n but_o the_o evening_n do_v substitute_n and_o prolong_v the_o day_n a_o good_a while_n after_o by_o twilight_n after_o which_o time_n the_o residue_n of_o the_o night_n receive_v light_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o star_n until_o the_o break_n of_o the_o day_n which_o give_v also_o a_o certain_a light_n before_o the_o sun_n rise_v so_o that_o by_o these_o mean_v the_o night_n be_v seldom_o dark_a which_o be_v verify_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o least_o in_o the_o middle_a zone_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a where_o the_o twylight_n be_v short_a &_o the_o night_n dark_a than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n because_o the_o sun_n go_v under_o their_o horizon_n so_o deep_a even_o to_o their_o antipode_n we_o see_v in_o england_n in_o the_o summer_n night_n when_o the_o sun_n go_v not_o far_o under_o the_o horizon_n that_o by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o moon_n &_o star_n we_o may_v travel_v all_o night_n &_o if_o occasion_n be_v do_v some_o other_o labour_n also_o and_o there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o doubt_v whether_o our_o cattle_n can_v see_v to_o feed_v in_o the_o night_n see_v we_o be_v so_o well_o certify_v thereof_o by_o our_o experience_n twilight_n &_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sphere_n our_o night_n shall_v be_v dark_a than_o any_o time_n under_o the_o pole_n the_o astronomer_n consent_v that_o the_o sun_n descend_v from_o our_o upper_a hemisphere_n at_o the_o .18_o parallel_v under_o the_o horizon_n make_v a_o end_n of_o twilight_n so_o that_o at_o length_n the_o dark_a night_n ensue_v and_o that_o afterward_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o sun_n approach_v again_o within_o as_o many_o parallel_n do_v drive_v away_o the_o night_n by_o access_n of_o the_o twilight_n again_o by_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n under_o the_o pole_n the_o horizon_n &_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v all_o one_o these_o revolution_n therefore_o that_o be_v parallel_v to_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v also_o parallel_v to_o the_o horizon_n so_o that_o the_o sun_n descend_v under_o the_o horizon_n &_o there_o describe_v certain_a parallel_n not_o far_o distant_a do_v not_o bring_v dark_a night_n to_o those_o region_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o parallel_n distant_a .18_o degree_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a that_o be_v about_o the_o .21_o degree_n of_o scorpio_n which_o will_v be_v about_o the_o .4_o day_n of_o our_o november_n &_o after_o the_o winter_n solstitium_fw-la the_o sun_n return_v back_o again_o to_o the_o .9_o degree_n of_o aquarius_n which_o will_v be_v about_o the_o .19_o of_o january_n during_o which_o time_n only_o that_o be_v from_o the_o .4_o of_o november_n until_o the_o xix_o day_n of_o january_n which_o be_v about_o six_o weeks_n space_n those_o region_n do_v want_v the_o commodity_n of_o twylight_n pole._n therefore_o during_o the_o time_n of_o these_o say_v six_o month_n of_o darkness_n under_o the_o poles_n the_o night_n be_v destitute_a of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sun_n &_o the_o say_v twilight_n only_o for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o week_n or_o thereabout_o and_o yet_o neither_o this_o time_n of_o six_o week_n be_v without_o remedy_n from_o heaven_n for_o the_o moon_n with_o her_o increase_a light_n have_v access_n at_o that_o time_n &_o illuminate_v the_o month_n lack_v light_n every_o one_o of_o themselves_o several_o half_a the_o course_n of_o the_o month_n by_o who_o benefit_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o night_n name_v extreme_a dark_a possess_v those_o region_n no_o long_o than_o one_o month_n neither_o that_o continual_o or_o all_o at_o one_o time_n but_o this_o also_o divide_v into_o two_o sort_n of_o short_a night_n of_o that_o which_o either_o of_o they_o endure_v for_o the_o space_n of_o .15_o day_n &_o be_v illuminate_v of_o the_o moon_n according_o and_o this_o reason_n be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o sphere_n whereby_o we_o may_v testify_v that_o the_o summer_n be_v warm_a &_o fruitful_a &_o the_o winter_n night_n under_o the_o pole_n be_v tolerable_a to_o live_a creature_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o winter_n and_o time_n of_o darkness_n there_o be_v very_o cold_a yet_o have_v not_o nature_n leave_v they_o unprovided_a therefore_o cold_a for_o there_o the_o beast_n be_v cover_v with_o hair_n so_o much_o the_o thick_a in_o how_o much_o the_o vehemency_n of_o cold_a be_v
for_o a_o more_o fresh_a example_n our_o people_n of_o meta_fw-la incognita_fw-la of_o who_o and_o for_o who_o this_o discourse_n be_v take_v in_o hand_n that_o be_v bring_v this_o last_o year_n into_o england_n be_v all_o general_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n that_o many_o nation_n be_v lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o middle_a zone_n and_o this_o their_o colour_n be_v not_o only_o in_o the_o face_n which_o be_v subject_n to_o sun_n and_o air_n but_o also_o in_o their_o body_n which_o be_v still_o cover_v with_o garment_n as_o we_o be_v yea_o the_o very_a suck_a child_n of_o twelve_o month_n age_n incognica_fw-la have_v his_o skin_n of_o the_o very_a same_o colour_n that_o most_o have_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a which_o thing_n can_v not_o proceed_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o clime_n for_o that_o they_o be_v at_o least_o ten_o degree_n more_o towards_o the_o north_n than_o we_o in_o england_n be_v no_o the_o sun_n never_o come_v near_o their_o zenith_n by_o .40_o degree_n for_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v within_o three_o or_o four_o degree_n of_o that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o freeze_a zone_n and_o as_o i_o say_v forty_o degree_n from_o the_o burn_a zone_n whereby_o it_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v some_o other_o cause_n than_o the_o climate_n or_o the_o sun_n perpendicular_a reflection_n that_o shall_v cause_v the_o ethiopian_n great_a blackness_n and_o the_o most_o probable_a cause_n to_o my_o judgement_n be_v that_o this_o blackness_n proceed_v of_o some_o natural_a infection_n of_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n and_o so_o all_o the_o whole_a progeny_n of_o they_o descend_v be_v still_o pollute_v with_o the_o same_o blot_n of_o infection_n therefore_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v far_o from_o our_o purpose_n to_o examine_v the_o first_o original_n of_o these_o black_a man_n and_o how_o by_o lineal_a discente_fw-la they_o have_v hitherto_o continue_v thus_o black_a blackness_n it_o manifest_o and_o plain_o appear_v by_o holy_a scripture_n that_o after_o the_o general_a inundation_n and_o overflow_a of_o the_o earth_n there_o remain_v no_o more_o man_n alive_a but_o no_n &_o his_o three_o son_n sem_fw-mi cham_fw-mi and_o japhet_n who_o only_o be_v leave_v to_o possess_v &_o inhabit_v the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n therefore_o all_o the_o land_n that_o until_o this_o day_n have_v be_v inhabit_v by_o sundry_a descent_n must_v needs_o come_v of_o the_o offspring_n either_o of_o sem_fw-mi cham_fw-mi or_o japhet_n as_o the_o only_a son_n of_o no_n who_o all_o three_o be_v white_a and_o their_o wife_n also_o by_o course_n of_o nature_n shall_v have_v beget_v and_o bring_v forth_o white_a child_n but_o the_o envy_n of_o our_o great_a and_o continual_a enemy_n the_o wicked_a spirit_n be_v such_o that_o as_o he_o can_v not_o suffer_v our_o old_a father_n adam_n to_o live_v in_o the_o felicity_n &_o angelic_a state_n wherein_o he_o be_v first_o create_v but_o tempt_v he_o seek_v &_o procure_v his_o ruin_n &_o fall_v so_o again_o find_v at_o this_o flood_n none_o but_o a_o father_n and_o three_o son_n live_v he_o so_o cause_v one_o of_o they_o to_o transgress_v &_o disobey_v his_o father_n commandment_n that_o after_o he_o all_o his_o posterity_n shall_v be_v accurse_v the_o fact_n of_o disobedience_n be_v this_o when_o no_n at_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n have_v make_v &_o enter_v the_o ark_n noe._n &_o the_o floodgate_n of_o heaven_n be_v open_v so_o that_o the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n every_o tree_n &_o mountain_n be_v cover_v with_o abundance_n of_o water_n he_o straite_o command_v his_o son_n &_o their_o wife_n that_o they_o shall_v with_o reverence_n &_o fear_n behold_v the_o justice_n and_o mighty_a power_n of_o god_n &_o that_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o flood_n while_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o ark_n they_o shall_v use_v continency_n &_o abstain_v from_o carnal_a copulation_n with_o their_o wife_n &_o many_o other_o precept_n he_o give_v unto_o they_o &_o admonition_n touch_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n in_o revenge_a sin_n &_o his_o mercy_n in_o deliver_v they_o who_o nothing_o deserve_v it_o which_o good_a instruction_n &_o exhortation_n notwithstanding_o his_o wicked_a son_n i_o be_o disobey_v accurse_v and_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o first_o child_n bear_v after_o the_o flood_n by_o right_n &_o law_n of_o nature_n shall_v inherit_v &_o possess_v all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o contrary_a to_o his_o father_n commandment_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o ark_n use_v company_n with_o his_o wife_n &_o crafty_o go_v about_o thereby_o to_o disinherit_v the_o offspring_n of_o his_o other_o two_o brother_n for_o the_o which_o wicked_a and_o detestable_a fact_n as_o a_o example_n for_o contempt_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o disobedience_n of_o parent_n god_n will_v a_o son_n shall_v be_v bear_v who_o name_n be_v chus_n who_o not_o only_a itself_o but_o all_o his_o posterity_n after_o he_o shall_v be_v so_o black_a &_o loathsome_a that_o it_o may_v remain_v a_o spectacle_n of_o disobedience_n to_o all_o the_o world._n and_o of_o this_o black_a &_o curse_a chus_n come_v all_o these_o black_a moores_n which_o be_v in_o africa_n for_o after_o the_o water_n be_v vanish_v from_o off_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o the_o land_n be_v dry_a sem_fw-mi choose_v that_o part_n of_o the_o land_n to_o inhabit_v in_o which_o now_o be_v call_v asia_n and_o japhet_n have_v that_o which_o now_o be_v call_v europa_n wherein_o we_o dwell_v and_o africa_n remain_v for_o cham_n &_o his_o black_a son_n chus_n &_o be_v call_v chamesis_n chamesis_n after_o the_o father_n name_n be_v perhaps_o a_o curse_a dry_a sandy_a &_o unfruitful_a ground_n fit_a for_o such_o a_o generation_n to_o inhabit_v in_o thus_o you_o see_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ethiopian_n blackness_n be_v the_o curse_n &_o infection_n of_o blood_n &_o not_o the_o distemperature_n of_o the_o climate_n which_o also_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o this_o example_n that_o these_o black_a man_n be_v find_v in_o all_o part_n of_o africa_n as_o well_o without_o the_o tropic_n as_o within_o even_o unto_o capo_n d'buona_fw-la speranza_n southward_o where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sphere_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o temperature_n as_o be_v in_o spain_n laddigna_fw-es and_o sicilia_n where_o all_o be_v of_o very_o good_a complexion_n wherefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o blackness_n proceed_v not_o of_o the_o hotness_n of_o the_o clime_n but_o as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o infection_n of_o blood_n and_o therefore_o this_o their_o argument_n gather_v of_o the_o african_n blackness_n be_v not_o able_a to_o destroy_v the_o temperature_n of_o the_o middle_a zone_n we_o may_v therefore_o very_a well_o be_v ascertain_v that_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v the_o most_o pleasant_a and_o delectable_a place_n of_o the_o world_n to_o dwell_v in_o where_o although_o the_o sun_n for_o two_o hour_n in_o a_o year_n be_v direct_v over_o their_o head_n and_o therefore_o the_o heat_n at_o that_o time_n somewhat_o of_o force_n yet_o because_o it_o come_v so_o seldom_o and_o continue_v so_o small_a a_o time_n when_o it_o come_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v weigh_v but_o rather_o the_o moderate_a heat_n of_o other_o time_n be_v all_o the_o year_n to_o be_v remember_v and_o if_o the_o heat_n at_o any_o time_n shall_v in_o the_o short_a day_n ware_v somewhat_o urgent_a the_o coldness_n of_o the_o long_a night_n there_o will_v easy_o refresh_v it_o according_a as_o honterus_n say_v speak_v of_o the_o temperature_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a quodque_fw-la die_fw-la solis_fw-la violento_fw-la incanduit_fw-la aestu_fw-la humida_fw-la nox_fw-la reficit_fw-la paribusque_fw-la refrigerat_fw-la horis_fw-la if_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o day_n time_n do_v burn_v or_o parch_v any_o thing_n the_o moisture_n of_o the_o night_n do_v cool_a and_o refresh_v the_o same_o again_o the_o sun_n be_v as_o long_o absent_v in_o the_o night_n as_o it_o be_v present_a in_o the_o day_n also_o our_o author_n of_o the_o sphere_n johannes_n d'_fw-fr sacro_fw-la bosco_fw-la in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o zodiac_n derive_v the_o etymology_n of_o zodiacus_n of_o the_o greek_a word_n zoe_n which_o in_o latin_a signify_v vita_fw-la life_n for_o out_o of_o aristotle_n he_o allege_v that_o secundum_fw-la accessum_fw-la &_o recessum_fw-la solis_fw-la in_o zodiaco_fw-it fiunt_fw-la generationes_fw-la &_o corruptiones_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la inferioribus_fw-la according_o to_o the_o sun_n go_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o the_o zodiac_n the_o inferior_a body_n take_v their_o cause_n of_o generation_n and_o corruption_n then_o it_o follow_v that_o where_o there_o be_v most_o go_v too_o and_o fro_o there_o be_v most_o generation_n and_o corruption_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v between_o the_o two_o tropic_n for_o there_o the_o sun_n go_v too_o and_o
use_n after_o one_o year_n or_o two_o the_o air_n will_v seem_v to_o he_o more_o temperate_a it_o be_v count_v a_o great_a matter_n in_o the_o old_a time_n that_o there_o be_v a_o brass_n pot_n break_v in_o sunder_o with_o freeze_a water_n in_o ponthus_n which_o after_o be_v bring_v and_o show_v in_o delphis_n in_o token_n of_o a_o miraculous_a cold_a region_n and_o winter_n and_o therefore_o consecrate_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n this_o effect_n be_v wrought_v in_o the_o parallel_n of_o .48_o degree_n in_o latitude_n it_o be_v present_o count_v a_o place_n very_o hardly_o and_o uneasy_o to_o be_v inhabit_v for_o the_o great_a cold_a and_o how_o then_o can_v such_o man_n define_v upon_o other_o region_n very_o far_o without_o that_o parallel_n where_o they_o be_v inhabit_v or_o not_o see_v that_o in_o so_o near_o a_o place_n they_o so_o gross_o mistake_v the_o matter_n and_o other_o their_o follower_n be_v content_v with_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o old_a author_n have_v persist_v willing_o in_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o more_o confidence_n than_o consideration_n of_o the_o cause_n so_o light_o be_v that_o opinion_n receive_v as_o touch_v the_o unhabitable_a clime_n near_o &_o under_o the_o pole_n therefore_o i_o be_o at_o this_o present_a to_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o land_n lie_v between_o the_o last_o climate_n even_o unto_o the_o point_n direct_o under_o either_o pole_n be_v or_o may_v be_v inhabit_v especial_o of_o such_o creature_n as_o be_v engender_v and_o breed_v therein_o habitable_a for_o indeed_o it_o be_v to_o be_v confess_v that_o some_o particular_a live_a creature_n can_v live_v in_o every_o particular_a place_n or_o region_n especial_o with_o the_o same_o joy_n and_o felicity_n as_o it_o do_v where_o it_o be_v first_o breed_v for_o the_o certain_a agreement_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v between_o the_o place_n and_o the_o thing_n breed_v in_o that_o place_n as_z appeareth_z by_o the_o elephant_n elephant_n which_o be_v translate_v and_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o second_o or_o three_o climate_n though_o they_o may_v live_v yet_o will_v they_o never_o engender_v or_o bring_v forth_o young_a also_o we_o see_v the_o like_a in_o many_o kind_n of_o plant_n and_o herb_n for_o example_n tree_n the_o orange_a tree_n although_o in_o naples_n they_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n abundant_o in_o rome_n and_o florence_n they_o will_v bear_v only_o fair_a green_a leaf_n but_o not_o any_o fruit_n and_o translate_v into_o england_n they_o will_v hardly_o bear_v either_o flower_n fruit_n or_o leaf_n but_o be_v the_o next_o winter_n pinch_v and_o wither_v with_o cold_a yet_o it_o follow_v not_o for_o this_o that_o england_n rome_n and_o florence_n shall_v not_o be_v habitable_a in_o the_o prove_v of_o these_o cold_a region_n habitable_a i_o shall_v be_v very_o short_a because_o the_o same_o reason_n serve_v for_o this_o purpose_n which_o be_v allege_v before_o in_o the_o prove_v the_o middle_a zone_n to_o be_v temperate_a 〈◊〉_d especial_o see_v all_o heat_n &_o cold_a proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n by_o the_o mean_n either_o of_o the_o angle_n his_o beam_n do_v make_v with_o the_o horizon_n or_o else_o by_o the_o long_o or_o short_a continuance_n of_o the_o sun_n presence_n above_o ground_n so_o that_o if_o the_o sun_n beam_n do_v beat_v perpendicularlye_o at_o right_a angle_n than_o there_o be_v one_o cause_n of_o heat_n and_o if_o the_o sun_n do_v also_o long_o continue_v above_o the_o horizon_n than_o the_o heat_n thereby_o be_v much_o increase_v by_o access_n of_o this_o other_o cause_n and_o so_o grow_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o extremity_n and_o these_o two_o cause_n as_o i_o say_v before_o do_v most_o concur_v under_o the_o two_o tropicke_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o world_n and_o likewise_o where_o both_o these_o cause_n be_v most_o absent_a there_o be_v great_a want_n of_o heat_n and_o increase_v of_o cold_a see_v that_o cold_a be_v nothing_o but_o the_o privation_n and_o absence_n of_o heat_n and_o if_o one_o cause_n be_v want_v and_o the_o other_o present_a the_o effect_n will_v grow_v indifferent_a therefore_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o near_a any_o region_n be_v to_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o high_a the_o sun_n do_v rise_v over_o their_o head_n at_o noon_n &_o so_o make_v either_o right_a or_o near_a right_a angle_n but_o the_o sun_n tarry_v with_o they_o so_o much_o the_o short_a time_n &_o cause_v short_a day_n with_o long_a and_o cold_a night_n to_o restore_v the_o damage_n of_o the_o day_n paste_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o moisture_n consume_v by_o vapour_n but_o in_o such_o region_n over_o the_o which_o the_o sun_n rise_v low_a as_o in_o region_n extend_v towards_o either_o pole_n it_o make_v there_o unequal_a angle_n but_o the_o sun_n continue_v long_o and_o make_v long_a day_n &_o cause_v so_o much_o short_a and_o warm_a night_n as_o retain_v warm_a vapour_n of_o the_o day_n paste_n 〈◊〉_d for_o there_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n summer_n night_n in_o scotland_n and_o gothland_n very_o hot_a when_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a they_o be_v find_v very_o cold_a this_o benefit_n of_o the_o sun_n long_a continuance_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o day_n equinoctial_a do_v augment_v so_o much_o the_o more_o in_o cold_a region_n as_o they_o be_v near_o the_o pole_n and_o cease_v not_o increase_a until_o it_o come_v direct_o under_o the_o point_n of_o the_o pole_n arctic_n where_o the_o sun_n continue_v above_o ground_n the_o space_n of_o six_o month_n or_o half_a a_o year_n together_o &_o so_o the_o day_n be_v half_a a_o year_n long_o that_o be_v the_o time_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o north_n sign_n from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n until_o the_o last_o of_o virgo_fw-la that_o be_v all_o the_o time_n from_o our_o .10_o day_n of_o march_n until_o the_o .14_o of_o september_n month_n the_o sun_n therefore_o during_o the_o time_n of_o these_o .6_o month_n without_o any_o offence_n or_o hindrance_n of_o the_o night_n give_v his_o influence_n upon_o those_o land_n with_o heat_n that_o never_o cease_v during_o that_o time_n which_o make_v to_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o summer_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sun_n continuance_n therefore_o it_o follow_v that_o though_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o there_o very_o high_a over_o their_o head_n to_o cause_v right_a angle_n beam_n &_o to_o give_v great_a heat_n yet_o the_o sun_n be_v there_o sometime_o almost_o 24._o degree_n high_a do_v cast_v a_o convenient_a and_o mean_a heat_n which_o there_o continue_v without_o hindrance_n of_o the_o night_n the_o space_n of_o six_o month_n as_o be_v before_o say_v during_o which_o time_n there_o follow_v to_o be_v a_o convenient_a moderate_a and_o temperate_a heat_n or_o else_o rather_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suspect_v the_o heat_n there_o to_o be_v very_o great_a both_o for_o continuance_n &_o also_o quia_fw-la virtus_fw-la unita_fw-la crescit_fw-la the_o virtue_n and_o strength_n of_o heat_n unite_v in_o one_o increase_v if_o then_o there_o be_v such_o a_o moderate_a heat_n under_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o same_o to_o continue_v so_o long_a time_n what_o shall_v move_v the_o old_a writer_n to_o say_v there_o can_v be_v place_n for_o habitation_n and_o that_o the_o certainty_n of_o this_o temperate_a heat_n under_o both_o the_o pole_n may_v more_o manifest_o appear_v let_v we_o consider_v the_o position_n &_o quality_n of_o the_o sphere_n the_o length_n of_o the_o day_n and_o so_o to_o gather_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o all_o time_n and_o by_o consequent_a the_o quantity_n of_o his_o angle_n and_o so_o last_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o heat_n those_o land_n and_o region_n lie_v under_o the_o pole_n and_o have_v the_o pole_n for_o their_o zenith_n must_v needs_o have_v the_o equinoctial_a circle_n for_o their_o horizon_n therefore_o the_o sun_n enter_v into_o the_o north_n sign_n and_o describe_v every_o .24_o hour_n a_o parallel_n to_o the_o equinoctial_a by_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o primum_fw-la mobile_z the_o same_o parallel_n must_v needs_o be_v whole_o above_o the_o horizon_n and_o so_o look_v how_o many_o degree_n there_o be_v from_o the_o first_o of_o aries_n to_o the_o last_o of_o virgo_fw-la so_o many_o whole_a revolution_n there_o be_v above_o their_o horizon_n that_o dwell_v under_o the_o pole_n daâ—es_n which_o amount_v to_o .182_o and_o so_o many_o of_o our_o day_n the_o sun_n continue_v with_o they_o during_o which_o time_n they_o have_v there_o continual_a day_n and_o light_n without_o any_o hindrance_n of_o moist_a night_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n and_o last_o degree_n of_o virgo_fw-la make_v his_o revolution_n in_o the_o very_a horizon_n pole._n so_o that_o in_o these_o
person_n if_o by_o any_o special_a service_n he_o have_v merit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o well_o deserve_a man_n receive_v the_o due_a commendation_n of_o his_o desert_n may_v be_v encourage_v to_o continue_v and_o take_v pleasure_n in_o well_o do_v after_o and_o other_o be_v animate_v by_o like_a example_n may_v for_o hope_n of_o like_a reward_n also_o desire_v to_o deserve_v well_o by_o this_o discourse_n it_o may_v please_v your_o honour_n to_o behold_v the_o great_a industry_n of_o our_o present_a age_n and_o the_o invincible_a mind_n of_o our_o english_a nation_n who_o have_v never_o leave_v any_o worthy_a thing_n unattempted_a nor_o any_o part_n almost_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n unsearched_a who_o late_o neither_o storm_n of_o sea_n by_o long_a and_o tedious_a voyage_n danger_n of_o dark_a fog_n and_o hide_a rock_n in_o unknown_a coast_n congeal_a and_o freeze_a sea_n with_o mountain_n of_o fleet_a ice_n nor_o yet_o present_a death_n daily_o before_o their_o face_n can_v any_o whit_n dismay_v or_o cause_n to_o desist_v from_o intend_a enterpise_v but_o rather_o prefer_v a_o honourable_a death_n before_o a_o shameful_a return_n have_v notwithstanding_o the_o former_a danger_n after_o many_o perilous_a repulse_n recover_v their_o desire_a porte_fw-fr so_o that_o if_o now_o the_o passage_n to_o cataya_n thereby_o be_v make_v open_a unto_o we_o which_o only_a matter_n hitherto_o have_v occupy_v the_o fine_a head_n of_o the_o world_n and_o promise_v we_o a_o more_o riches_n by_o a_o near_a way_n than_o either_o spain_n or_o portugal_n possess_v whereof_o the_o hope_n by_o the_o good_a industry_n and_o great_a attempt_n of_o these_o man_n be_v great_o augment_v or_o if_o the_o gold_n over_o in_o these_o new_a discovery_n find_v out_o do_v in_o goodness_n as_o in_o great_a plenty_n answer_v expectation_n and_o the_o success_n do_v follow_v as_o good_a as_o the_o proof_n thereof_o hitherto_o make_v be_v great_a we_o may_v true_o infer_v that_o the_o englishman_n in_o these_o our_o day_n in_o his_o discovery_n to_o the_o spaniarde_n and_o portugal_n be_v nothing_o inferior_a and_o for_o his_o hard_a adventure_n and_o valiant_a resolution_n great_o superior_a for_o what_o have_v the_o spaniarde_n or_o portugal_n do_v by_o the_o southeast_n and_o southweast_n that_o the_o englishman_n by_o the_o north-east_n and_o northweaste_n have_v not_o countervail_v the_o same_o and_o albeit_o i_o confess_v that_o the_o english_a have_v not_o hitherto_o have_v so_o full_a success_n of_o profit_n and_o commodity_n of_o pleasant_a place_n consider_v that_o the_o former_a nation_n have_v happy_o chance_v to_o travel_v by_o more_o temperate_a climate_n where_o they_o have_v not_o only_o good_a meat_n and_o drink_n but_o all_o other_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n all_o which_o thing_n the_o english_a travel_v by_o more_o intemperate_a place_n &_o as_o it_o be_v with_o main_n force_n make_v way_n through_o sea_n of_o ice_n have_v want_v which_o notwithstanding_o argue_v a_o more_o resolution_n for_o difficiliora_fw-la pulchriora_fw-la that_o be_v the_o adventure_n the_o more_o hard_o the_o more_o honourable_a yet_o concern_v the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o world_n and_o geographical_a description_n wherein_o the_o present_a age_n and_o posterity_n also_o by_o a_o more_o universal_a understanding_n be_v much_o further_v as_o appear_v by_o my_o universal_a map_n with_o prick_a bound_n here_o annex_v herein_o the_o englishman_n deserve_v chief_a honour_n above_o any_o other_o for_o neither_o spaniard_n nor_o portugal_n nor_o any_o other_o beside_o the_o english_a have_v be_v find_v by_o so_o great_a danger_n of_o ice_n so_o near_o the_o pole_n to_o adventure_v any_o discovery_n whereby_o the_o obscure_a and_o unknown_a part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o otherwise_o have_v lie_v hide_v have_v be_v make_v know_v unto_o us._n so_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o by_o our_o englishman_n industry_n and_o these_o late_a voyage_n the_o world_n be_v grow_v to_o a_o more_o fullness_n and_o perfection_n many_o unknown_a land_n and_o land_n not_o so_o much_o as_o think_v upon_o before_o make_v know_v unto_o we_o christ_n name_n spread_v the_o gospel_n preach_v infidel_n like_v to_o be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n in_o place_n where_o before_o the_o name_n of_o god_n have_v not_o once_o be_v hear_v of_o ship_n and_o seafaring_a man_n have_v be_v employ_v navigation_n and_o the_o navy_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a strength_n of_o our_o realm_n maintain_v and_o gentleman_n in_o the_o sea_n service_n for_o the_o better_a service_n of_o their_o country_n well_o experience_v all_o which_o thing_n be_v no_o doubt_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n as_o be_v well_o weigh_v may_v seem_v to_o countervail_v the_o adventure_n charge_n although_o the_o passage_n to_o cataya_n be_v not_o find_v out_o neither_o yet_o the_o gold_n over_o prove_v good_a where_o of_o both_o the_o hope_n be_v good_a &_o great_a but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o even_o in_o this_o if_o no_o otherwise_o her_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n have_v reap_v no_o small_a profit_n that_o she_o may_v now_o stand_v assure_v to_o have_v many_o more_o try_v able_a &_o sufficient_a man_n against_o time_n of_o need_n that_o be_v which_o with_o out_o vaunt_v may_v be_v speak_v of_o valour_n great_a for_o any_o great_a adventure_n &_o of_o government_n good_a for_o any_o good_a place_n of_o service_n for_o this_o may_v true_o be_v speak_v of_o these_o man_n that_o there_o have_v not_o be_v see_v in_o any_o nation_n be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n &_o so_o far_o from_o home_n more_o civil_a order_n better_a government_n or_o agreement_n for_o even_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o service_n hitherto_o there_o have_v neither_o pass_a mutiny_n quarrel_n or_o notorious_a fact_n either_o to_o the_o slander_n of_o the_o man_n or_o danger_n of_o the_o voyage_n although_o the_o gentleman_n soldier_n and_o mariner_n which_o seldom_o can_v agree_v be_v by_o company_n match_v together_o but_o i_o may_v perchance_o right_a honourable_a seem_v to_o discourse_v somewhat_o too_o large_o especial_o in_o a_o cause_n that_o as_o a_o party_n somewhat_o concern_v myself_o which_o i_o do_v not_o for_o that_o i_o doubt_v of_o your_o honourable_a opinion_n already_o conceive_v of_o the_o man_n but_o for_o that_o i_o know_v the_o ignorant_a multitude_n be_v rather_o ready_a to_o slander_v than_o to_o give_v good_a encouragement_n by_o due_a commendation_n to_o good_a cause_n who_o respect_v nothing_o but_o a_o present_a gain_n and_o be_v more_o than_o needful_o suspicious_a of_o the_o matter_n do_v therewithal_o condemn_v the_o man_n and_o that_o without_o any_o further_a respect_n either_o of_o their_o honest_a intent_n either_o of_o their_o well_o perform_v the_o matter_n they_o do_v undertake_v which_o according_a to_o their_o direction_n be_v specicial_o to_o bring_v home_o over_o either_o else_o of_o their_o painful_a travail_n which_o for_o their_o prince_n and_o the_o public_a profit_n of_o their_o country_n cause_n they_o have_v sustain_v but_o by_o the_o way_n it_o be_v not_o unknown_a to_o the_o world_n that_o this_o our_o native_a country_n of_o england_n in_o all_o age_n have_v breed_v up_o and_o special_o at_o this_o present_a abound_v with_o many_o forward_a and_o valiant_a mind_n fit_a to_o take_v in_o hand_n any_o notable_a enterprise_n where_o by_o appear_v that_o if_o the_o englishman_n have_v be_v in_o time_n past_a as_o fortunate_a and_o foresee_a to_o accept_v occasion_n offer_v as_o he_o have_v be_v always_o forward_o in_o execute_v any_o cause_n once_o take_v in_o hand_n he_o have_v be_v worthy_o prefer_v before_o all_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o west_n indies_n have_v now_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a for_o columbus_n the_o first_o discoverer_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n make_v first_o offer_v thereof_o with_o his_o service_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o than_o king_n of_o england_n and_o be_v not_o accept_v whereupon_o for_o want_v of_o entertainment_n here_o he_o be_v force_v to_o go_v into_o spain_n and_o offer_v there_o as_o before_o the_o same_o to_o ferdinando_n king_n of_o castyle_n who_o present_o accept_v the_o occasion_n do_v first_o himself_o and_o now_o his_o successor_n enjoy_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o also_o sebastian_n cabota_n be_v a_o englishman_n and_o bear_v in_o bristol_n after_o he_o have_v discover_v sundry_a part_n of_o new_a find_v land_n and_o attempt_v the_o passage_n to_o cataya_n by_o the_o northester_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o lack_v of_o entertainment_n here_o notwithstanding_o his_o good_a desert_n be_v force_v to_o seek_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o who_o use_n he_o discover_v all_o that_o tract_n of_o brasile_n &_o about_o the_o famous_a river_n rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la and_o for_o the_o same_o and_o other_o good_a service_n
yet_o for_o diversity_n of_o motion_n may_v be_v count_v two_o that_o be_v primum_fw-la mobile_z move_v only_o upon_o the_o pole_n arctic_n and_o antarctic_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o orb_n and_o planet_n move_v upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o zodiac_n be_v by_o this_o difference_n of_o motion_n imagine_v two_o whereby_o arise_v the_o number_n of_o six_o substantial_a part_n of_o the_o world_n that_o be_v the_o four_o element_n and_o the_o two_o variety's_n of_o orb_n so_o likewise_o the_o inferior_a world_n i_o mean_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o six_o part_n that_o be_v part_n europa_n africa_n asia_n terra_fw-la septentrionalis_n america_n &_o terra_fw-la austrialis_fw-la who_o bounder_n because_o this_o division_n seem_v somewhat_o strange_a i_o think_v good_a for_o the_o more_o particularity_n here_o brief_o to_o repeat_v the_o chief_a bounder_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o world_n evropa_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n side_n with_o our_o west_n ocean_n 〈◊〉_d on_o the_o south_n side_n with_o mare_fw-la mediterâ—aneum_fw-la on_o the_o east_n with_o mare_n aegeum_n pontus_n euxinus_n and_o the_o river_n tanais_n follow_v the_o meridian_n thereof_o northward_o on_o the_o north_n side_n it_o be_v think_v sometime_o to_o be_v bound_v with_o island_n hebrides_n orcades_n and_o hyperboreâ—_n montes_fw-la in_o sarmatia_n of_o europe_n but_o now_o by_o the_o navigation_n of_o the_o englishman_n the_o bound_n be_v extend_v unto_o that_o sea_n which_o compass_v norway_n laplande_n and_o moscovia_n africa_n be_v bound_v westward_o with_o the_o sea_n atlanticum_n 〈◊〉_d southward_o with_o the_o south_n ocean_n pass_v by_o cape_n d'buona_fw-la speranza_n eastward_o with_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o northward_o by_o the_o sea_n mediterranean_n asia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n side_n with_o the_o south_n ocean_n asâ—â—_n on_o the_o east_n side_n with_o mare_n eoum_n and_o the_o straight_a anian_a on_o the_o north_n side_n with_o the_o scythian_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n side_n with_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o river_n tanaâ—â—_n &_o paâ—te_v of_o the_o sea_n mediterraeneum_fw-la as_o pontus_n euxinus_n mare_n egeum_n sinus_n issicus_n and_o the_o red_a sea._n terra_fw-la septentrionalis_n be_v divide_v from_o asia_n by_o the_o scythian_a sea_n sâ—pâ—â—ntrionaâ—â—s_fw-la from_o europe_n by_o the_o north_n sea_n about_o iseland_n call_v in_o time_n past_a mare_n congelaâ—um_n the_o freeze_a sea_n and_o from_o america_n be_v divide_v by_o frobisher_n strait_n it_o lie_v round_o about_o the_o pole_n arctic_a &_o be_v include_v by_o a_o parallel_n pass_v about_o .70_o degree_n in_o north_n latitude_n as_o it_o be_v also_o more_o at_o large_a describe_v in_o mercators_n and_o ortelius_n universal_a map_n this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v most_o or_o only_o make_v know_v by_o the_o englishman_n industry_n for_o as_o mercator_n mention_v out_o of_o a_o probable_a author_n there_o be_v a_o friar_n of_o oxford_n a_o great_a mathmatician_n who_o himself_o go_v verâ—â—_n far_o north_n above_o .200_o year_n ago_o and_o with_o a_o astrolabe_n describe_v almost_o all_o the_o land_n about_o the_o pole_n fâ—â—ding_v it_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n or_o island_n by_o four_o great_a gutter_n indraft_n or_o channel_n run_v violent_o aâ—d_z deliver_v themselves_o into_o a_o mostrous_a receptacle_n and_o swallow_a sink_n with_o such_o a_o violent_a force_n and_o currant_n that_o a_o ship_n be_v enter_v never_o so_o little_a within_o one_o of_o tâ—ese_n four_o indrafte_n cannot_v be_v hold_v back_o by_o the_o force_n of_o any_o great_a wind_n but_o run_v in_o headlong_o by_o that_o deep_a swallow_a sink_n into_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o reportâ—th_v that_o thâ—_z southweast_n part_n of_o that_o land_n be_v a_o fruitful_a and_o a_o wholesome_a soil_n the_o north-east_n part_n in_o respect_n of_o england_n be_v inhabit_v with_o a_o people_n call_v pygmaei_n which_o be_v not_o at_o the_o uttermost_a above_o four_o foot_n high_a one_o of_o these_o four_o great_a monstrous_a gulf_n wyâ—h_v his_o violent_a rage_a course_n follow_v the_o meridiâ—n_n of_o the_o fortunate_a island_n aâ—d_n receive_v the_o ocean_n with_o thou_o mouth_n and_o be_v freeze_a oâ—er_n three_o month_n in_o the_o year_n and_o be_v .37_o league_n in_o breadth_n the_o neâ—te_n eastward_o beyond_o the_o island_n vagâ—ts_v be_v 〈…〉_o degree_n in_o longitude_n and_o receive_v the_o east_n ocean_n wâ—th_v â—â—ue_a month_n and_o be_v narrow_a and_o swift_a be_v never_o freeze_a the_o three_o be_v at_o 19â—_n degree_n in_o longitude_n &_o â—â—ceiuâ—th_v the_o east_n ocean_n with_o ninetéen_a receipt_n the_o four_o be_v at_o â—â—â—_o degree_n in_o longitude_n all_o these_o indrafte_n &_o rage_a channel_n run_v direct_o towards_o a_o point_n under_o the_o pole_n where_o be_v also_o say_v to_o be_v a_o monstrous_a great_a mountain_n of_o wonderful_a great_a height_n &_o about_o .35_o league_n in_o compass_n at_o the_o foot_n guiâ—â—elmus_fw-la postellus_fw-la say_v that_o here_o under_o and_o about_o the_o pole_n be_v best_a habitation_n for_o man_n and_o that_o they_o ever_o have_v continual_a day_n and_o know_v not_o what_o night_n or_o darkness_n mean_v but_o this_o seem_v contrary_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o sphere_n which_o allow_v well_o that_o they_o shall_v see_v the_o sun_n half_o a_o year_n together_o without_o any_o night_n during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o be_v in_o the_o north_n sign_n from_o the_o one_o equinoctium_n tâ—_n the_o other_o yet_o that_o in_o the_o other_o half_n they_o shall_v have_v continual_a night_n without_o any_o day_n but_o i_o think_v postellus_fw-la be_v a_o good_a astronomer_n doubt_v nothing_o of_o you_o reason_n of_o the_o sphere_n but_o mean_v that_o for_o their_o great_a twilighâ—s_n &_o the_o high_a swell_a of_o the_o earth_n &_o the_o high_a mountain_n under_o the_o pole_n they_o have_v continual_a light_n but_o hereof_o you_o shall_v hear_v more_o â—t_a large_a hereafter_o in_o this_o treatise_n when_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o â—epâ—rature_n of_o the_o north_n region_n this_o so_o particular_a a_o description_n of_o the_o land_n &_o country_n lie_v about_o the_o pole_n argue_v that_o this_o oxford_n friar_n take_v great_a pain_n therein_o and_o endure_v greâ—t_a probability_n &_o likelihood_n of_o the_o truth_n thereof_o because_o he_o oblique_v so_o diligent_o by_o measure_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o incrafty_a wâ—â—t_a time_n and_o how_o long_o they_o continue_v freeze_a &_o with_o how_o â—anâ—e_a mouth_n or_o receipt_n every_o one_o of_o they_o receive_v the_o ocean_n upon_o the_o bound_n &_o description_n of_o this_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o have_v the_o long_o stay_v because_o i_o find_v it_o discover_v only_o by_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o although_o the_o great_a part_n hereof_o be_v maâ—e_n know_v .200_o &_o odd_a year_n pass_v yet_o some_o bounder_n thereof_o be_v describe_v &_o set_v out_o by_o the_o travail_n of_o s._n hugh_n wiâ—â—obyâ—night_n â—night_z a_o englishman_n who_o venture_v &_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o cause_n &_o so_o die_v a_o honourable_a death_n &_o with_o he_o ric._n chancellor_n chief_a pilot_n in_o that_o voyage_n in_o an._n 1554._o who_o discover_v &_o find_v out_o the_o norway_n &_o lapland_n etc_n etc_n conjoin_a not_o to_o groneland_n or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o northern_a region_n as_o one_o firm_a &_o continent_n but_o that_o by_o sea_n a_o man_n may_v travel_v to_o the_o country_n of_o mâ—scâ—uâ—a_n &_o a_o great_a way_n more_o eastward_o as_o far_o as_o the_o great_a river_n obby_n also_o our_o worthy_a general_n ca._n frobisher_n in_o his_o .3_o last_o voyage_n wâ—er_v of_o we_o be_v brief_o to_o entreat_v in_o these_o .3_o book_n have_v discover_v &_o describe_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o southwest_n bound_v thereof_o &_o mean_v god_n will_v not_o only_o to_o describe_v the_o one_o half_a thereof_o in_o go_v to_o cataia_n by_o the_o northwest_o but_o also_o to_o put_v in_o triaâ—â—_n whether_o he_o may_v return_v into_o england_n by_o the_o north-east_n &_o so_o also_o to_o discrybe_n the_o other_o paâ—t_n which_o to_o do_v be_v one_o of_o the_o weighty_a matter_n of_o the_o world_n &_o a_o thing_n that_o will_v cause_v other_o prince_n to_o admire_v the_o fortunate_a state_n &_o the_o great_a valour_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n but_o to_o return_v again_o to_o the_o bound_a of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n aâ—â—riâ—a_fw-la america_n a_o island_n be_v include_v on_o the_o east_n side_n with_o the_o sea_n antartique_n on_o the_o west_n side_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it sur_fw-mi or_o mare_n pâ—cificum_n on_o the_o south_n side_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o straight_a of_o mâ—gellanus_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o frobisher_n straits_n 〈…〉_o terra_fw-la aâ—straliâ—_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o great_a firm_a land_n lie_v under_o and_o about_o the_o south_n pole_n be_v in_o many_o
from_o most_o and_o no_o where_o else_o but_o there_o therefore_o between_o the_o two_o tropic_n that_o be_v in_o the_o middle_a zone_n be_v great_a increase_n multiplication_n generation_n generation_n and_o corruption_n of_o thing_n which_o also_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n for_o there_o be_v summer_n twice_o in_o the_o year_n and_o twice_o winter_n so_o that_o they_o have_v two_o harvest_n in_o the_o year_n and_o continual_a spring_n see_v then_o the_o middle_a zone_n fall_v out_o so_o temperate_a it_o rest_v to_o declare_v where_o the_o hot_a part_n of_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v for_o we_o find_v some_o place_n more_o hot_a than_o other_o to_o answer_v this_o doubt_n reason_n persuade_v the_o hot_a place_n in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v under_o and_o about_o the_o two_o tropicke_n for_o there_o more_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n do_v both_o the_o cause_n of_o heat_n concur_v tropik_n that_o be_v the_o perpendicular_a fall_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n at_o right_a angle_n and_o a_o great_a continuance_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n the_o pole_n there_o be_v elevate_v three_o or_o four_o and_o twenty_o degree_n and_o as_o before_o i_o conclude_v that_o though_o the_o sun_n be_v perpendicular_a to_o they_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a yet_o because_o the_o same_o continue_a but_o a_o small_a time_n their_o day_n be_v short_a and_o their_o night_n long_o and_o their_o speedy_a departure_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o their_o zenith_n because_o of_o the_o sudden_a cross_v of_o the_o zodiac_n with_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o that_o by_o such_o continual_a course_n and_o recourse_n of_o hot_a and_o cold_a the_o temperature_n grow_v moderate_a so_o now_o to_o they_o under_o the_o two_o tropic_n the_o sun_n have_v once_o by_o his_o proper_a permotion_n decline_v .20_o degree_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a begin_v to_o draw_v near_o their_o zenith_n which_o may_v be_v as_o before_o about_o the_o eleven_o day_n of_o may_n and_o then_o begin_v to_o send_v his_o beam_n almost_o at_o right_a angle_n about_o which_o time_n the_o sun_n enter_v into_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o gemini_fw-la and_o with_o this_o almost_o right_a angle_n the_o sun_n beam_n will_v continue_v until_o it_o be_v past_a cancer_n that_o be_v the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n every_o day_n at_o noon_n almost_o perpendicular_a over_o their_o head_n be_v then_o the_o time_n of_o soâ—stitium_fw-la aestivale_n which_o so_o long_a continuance_n of_o the_o sun_n about_o their_o zenith_n may_v cause_v a_o extreme_a heat_n if_o any_o be_v in_o the_o world_n but_o of_o necessity_n far_o more_o heat_n than_o can_v be_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a where_o the_o sun_n have_v no_o such_o long_a abode_n in_o the_o zenith_n but_o pass_v away_o therehence_o very_o quick_o also_o under_o the_o tropic_n the_o day_n be_v long_o by_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a than_o it_o be_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a wherefore_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v a_o long_a time_n of_o operation_n must_v needs_o be_v increase_v especial_o see_v the_o night_n wherein_o cold_a and_o moisture_n do_v abound_v under_o the_o tropic_n be_v less_o than_o it_o be_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a therefore_o i_o gather_v that_o under_o the_o tropic_n be_v the_o hot_a place_n not_o only_o of_o torrida_fw-la zona_fw-la but_o of_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n especial_o because_o there_o both_o cause_n of_o heat_n do_v concur_v that_o be_v the_o perpendicular_a fall_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n two_o month_n together_o and_o the_o long_a abode_n of_o the_o sun_n presence_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n more_o at_o large_a be_v prove_v that_o marochus_n in_o summer_n be_v far_o more_o hot_a than_o at_o any_o time_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a because_o it_o be_v situate_a so_o near_o the_o tropic_a cancer_n and_o also_o for_o the_o length_n of_o their_o day_n neither_o yet_o do_v i_o think_v that_o the_o region_n situate_a under_o the_o tropic_n be_v not_o habitable_a for_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o fruitful_a also_o although_o marochus_n and_o some_o other_o part_n of_o africa_n near_o the_o tropic_a for_o the_o dryness_n of_o the_o native_a sandy_a soil_n and_o some_o accident_n may_v seem_v to_o some_o to_o be_v intemperate_a for_o overmuch_o heat_n for_o ferdinandus_n ouiedus_fw-la speak_v of_o cuba_n and_o hispaniola_n hispaniola_n land_n of_o america_n lie_v hard_o under_o or_o by_o the_o tropic_a cancer_n say_v that_o these_o island_n have_v as_o good_a pasture_n for_o cattle_n as_o any_o other_o country_n in_o the_o world_n also_o they_o have_v most_o wholesome_a and_o clear_a water_n and_o temperate_a air_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o herd_n of_o beast_n be_v much_o big_a fat_a and_o of_o better_a taste_n than_o any_o in_o spain_n because_o of_o the_o rank_a pasture_n who_o moisture_n be_v better_a digest_v in_o the_o herb_n or_o grass_n by_o continual_a and_o temperate_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n whereby_o be_v make_v more_o fat_a and_o unctuous_a it_o be_v of_o better_a and_o more_o steadfast_a nourishment_n for_o continual_a and_o temperate_a heat_n do_v not_o only_o draw_v much_o moisture_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o nourishment_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o grow_v and_o be_v engender_v in_o that_o clime_n but_o do_v also_o by_o moderation_n preserve_v the_o same_o from_o putrify_v digest_v also_o and_o condensate_v or_o thicken_a the_o say_v moist_a nourishment_n into_o a_o gummy_a and_o unctuous_a substance_n temperature_n whereby_o appear_v also_o that_o under_o the_o tropic_n be_v both_o wholesome_a fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a habitation_n whereby_o last_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o middle_a zone_n which_o until_o of_o late_a day_n have_v be_v count_v and_o call_v the_o burn_a broil_v and_o parch_a zone_n be_v now_o find_v to_o be_v the_o most_o delicate_a temperate_a commodious_a pleasant_a and_o delectable_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o especial_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a have_v now_o sufficient_o at_o large_a declare_v the_o temperature_n of_o the_o middle_a zone_n it_o remain_v to_o speak_v somewhat_o also_o of_o the_o moderate_a and_o continual_a heat_n in_o cold_a region_n as_o well_o in_o the_o night_n as_o in_o the_o day_n all_o the_o summer_n long_o and_o also_o how_o these_o region_n be_v habitable_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o same_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o old_a writer_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o cold_a region_n all_o the_o summer_n long_o and_o also_o how_o in_o winter_n the_o same_o be_v habitable_a especial_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o the_o cold_a region_n of_o the_o world_n be_v those_o which_o tend_v toward_o the_o pole_n arctic_a and_o antarctic_a be_v without_o the_o circuit_n or_o bound_n of_o the_o seven_o climate_n which_o agreeable_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o old_a writer_n be_v find_v and_o set_v out_o in_o our_o author_n of_o the_o sphere_n johannes_n de_fw-fr sacrobosco_n where_o he_o plain_o say_v that_o without_o the_o seven_o climate_n which_o be_v bound_v by_o a_o parallel_n pass_v at_o fifty_o degree_n in_o latitude_n all_o the_o habitation_n beyond_o that_o climate_n to_o be_v discommodious_a and_o intolerable_a but_o gemma_fw-la phrisius_n a_o late_a writer_n find_v england_n and_o scotland_n to_o be_v without_o the_o compass_n of_o those_o climate_n wherein_o he_o know_v to_o be_v very_o temperate_a and_o good_a habitation_n add_v thereunto_o two_o other_o climate_n the_o uttermost_a parallel_n whereof_o pass_v by_o .56_o degree_n in_o latitude_n and_o therein_o comprehend_v over_o and_o above_o the_o first_o computation_n england_n scotland_n denmark_n moscovia_n etc_n etc_n which_o all_o be_v rich_a and_o mighty_a kingdom_n the_o old_a writer_n persuade_v by_o bare_a conjecture_n go_v about_o to_o determine_v of_o those_o place_n by_o compare_v they_o to_o their_o own_o complexion_n because_o they_o feel_v they_o to_o be_v hardly_o tolerable_a to_o themselves_o and_o so_o take_v thereby_o a_o argument_n of_o the_o whole_a habitable_a earth_n as_o if_o a_o man_n bear_v in_o morochus_fw-la or_o other_o part_n of_o barbary_n shall_v at_o the_o late_a end_n of_o summer_n upon_o the_o sudden_a either_o naked_a or_o with_o his_o thin_a vesture_n england_n be_v bring_v into_o england_n he_o will_v judge_v this_o region_n present_o not_o to_o be_v habitable_a because_o he_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o so_o warm_a a_o country_n be_v not_o able_a here_o to_o live_v for_o so_o sudden_a a_o alteration_n of_o the_o cold_a air_n but_o if_o the_o same_o man_n have_v come_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n and_o so_o afterward_o by_o little_a and_o little_a by_o certain_a degree_n have_v feel_v &_o acquaint_v himself_o with_o the_o frost_n of_o autumn_n it_o will_v have_v seem_v by_o degree_n to_o harden_v he_o and_o so_o to_o make_v it_o far_o more_o tolerable_a and_o by_o
he_o lose_v only_o four_o man_n also_o the_o other_o bark_n name_v the_o michael_n mistrust_v the_o matter_n home_o convey_v themselves_o privy_o away_o from_o he_o and_o return_v home_o with_o great_a report_n that_o he_o be_v cast_v away_o the_o worthy_a captain_n notwithstanding_o these_o discomfoâ—tes_n although_o his_o mast_n be_v spring_v and_o his_o top_n mast_n blow_v overboard_o with_o extreme_a foul_a weather_n continue_v his_o course_n towards_o the_o northester_n know_v that_o the_o sea_n at_o length_n must_v needs_o have_v a_o end_a and_o that_o some_o land_n shall_v have_v a_o beginning_n that_o way_n and_o determine_v therefore_o at_o the_o least_o to_o bring_v true_a proof_n what_o land_n and_o sea_n the_o same_o may_v be_v so_o far_o to_o the_o northweastwarde_n beyond_o any_o man_n that_o have_v heretofore_o discover_v and_o the_o twentieth_o of_o july_n he_o have_v sight_n of_o a_o high_a land_n which_o he_o call_v queen_n elizabethes_n foreland_n foreland_n after_o her_o majesty_n name_n and_o sail_v more_o northerly_a alongst_o that_o coast_n he_o descry_v another_o foreland_n with_o a_o great_a gut_n bay_n or_o passage_n devide_v as_o it_o be_v two_o main_n land_n or_o continent_n asunder_o there_o he_o meet_v with_o store_n of_o exceed_a great_a ice_n all_o this_o coast_n along_o &_o covet_v still_o to_o continue_v his_o course_n to_o the_o northwards_o be_v always_o by_o contrary_a wind_n detain_v overthwart_o these_o straits_n and_o can_v not_o get_v beyond_o within_o few_o day_n after_o he_o perceive_v the_o ice_n to_o be_v well_o consume_v and_o go_v either_o there_o engulf_a in_o by_o some_o swift_a currant_n or_o indrafte_n carry_v more_o to_o the_o southward_o of_o the_o same_o straits_n or_o else_o convey_v some_o other_o way_n wherefore_o he_o determine_v to_o make_v proof_n of_o this_o place_n straight_n to_o see_v how_o far_o that_o gut_n have_v continuance_n and_o whether_o he_o may_v carry_v himself_o through_o the_o same_o into_o some_o open_a sea_n on_o the_o back_n side_n whereof_o he_o conceâ—ued_v no_o small_a hope_n and_o so_o enter_v the_o same_o the_o one_o and_o twentieth_o of_o july_n and_o pass_v above_o fifty_a league_n therein_o as_o he_o report_v have_v upon_o either_o hand_n a_o great_a main_n or_o continent_n and_o that_o land_n upon_o his_o right_a hand_n as_o he_o sail_v westward_o he_o judge_v to_o be_v the_o continente_fw-la of_o asia_n and_o there_o to_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o firm_a of_o america_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o left_a hand_n over-against_o the_o same_o this_o place_n he_o name_v after_o his_o name_n frobisher_n straight_n sâ—reytes_n like_a as_o magellanus_fw-la at_o the_o southweast_n end_n of_o the_o world_n have_v discover_v the_o passage_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n where_o america_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o continente_fw-la of_o that_o land_n which_o lie_v under_o the_o south_n pole_n and_o call_v the_o same_o straits_n magellane_n straight_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v 6â—_o league_n into_o this_o foresay_a straight_o he_o go_v ashore_o and_o find_v sign_n where_o fire_n have_v be_v make_v dear_a he_o see_v mighty_a dear_a that_o seem_v to_o be_v mankind_n which_o run_v at_o he_o and_o hardly_o he_o escape_v with_o his_o life_n in_o a_o narrow_a way_n where_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o use_v defence_n and_o policy_n to_o save_v his_o life_n in_o this_o place_n he_o see_v and_o perceive_v sundry_a token_n of_o the_o people_n resort_v thither_o and_o be_v ashore_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n he_o perceive_v a_o number_n of_o small_a thing_n fleeting_a in_o the_o sea_n a_o far_o off_o which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v porpoise_n or_o ceale_v or_o some_o kind_n of_o strange_a fish_n but_o come_v near_o he_o discover_v they_o to_o be_v man_n savage_a in_o small_a boat_n make_v of_o leather_n and_o before_o he_o can_v descend_v down_o from_o the_o hill_n certain_a of_o those_o people_n have_v almost_o cut_v off_o his_o boat_n from_o he_o have_v steal_v secret_o behind_o the_o rock_n for_o that_o purpose_n where_o he_o speedy_o haste_v to_o his_o boat_n and_o bend_v himself_o to_o his_o holbert_n and_o narrow_o escape_v the_o danger_n and_o save_v his_o boat_n afterwards_o he_o have_v sundry_a conference_n with_o they_o and_o they_o come_v aboard_o his_o ship_n and_o bring_v he_o salmon_n and_o raw_a flesh_n and_o fish_n salmon_n and_o greedy_o devour_v the_o same_o before_o our_o man_n face_n and_o to_o show_v their_o agility_n they_o tryâ—d_v many_o mastery_n upon_o the_o rope_n of_o the_o ship_n after_o our_o mariner_n fashion_n and_o appear_v to_o be_v very_o strong_a of_o theâ—r_a arm_n and_o nimble_a of_o their_o body_n they_o exchange_v coat_n of_o ceale_v and_o bear_n skin_n and_o such_o like_a with_o our_o man_n and_o receive_v bell_n look_v glass_n aâ—d_z other_o toy_n in_o recompense_n thereof_o again_o after_o great_a courtesy_n and_o many_o meeting_n our_o mariner_n raken_v contrary_a to_o their_o captain_n dyâ—rection_n begin_v more_o easy_o to_o trust_v they_o and_o five_o of_o our_o man_n go_v a_o shore_n be_v by_o they_o intercept_v with_o their_o boat_n and_o be_v never_o since_o hear_v of_o to_o this_o day_n again_o so_o that_o the_o captain_n be_v destitute_a of_o boat_n bark_n and_o all_o company_n have_v scarce_o sufficient_a number_n to_o conduct_v back_o his_o bark_n again_o he_o can_v now_o neither_o convey_v himself_o a_o shore_n to_o rescue_v his_o man_n if_o he_o have_v be_v able_a for_o want_v of_o a_o boat_n and_o again_o the_o subtle_a traitor_n be_v so_o wary_a as_o they_o will_v after_o that_o never_o come_v within_o our_o man_n danger_n the_o captain_n notwithstanding_o desirous_a to_o bring_v some_o token_n from_o thence_o of_o his_o be_v there_o be_v great_o discontent_v that_o he_o have_v not_o before_o apprehend_v some_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o to_o deceive_v the_o deceiver_n he_o wrought_v a_o pretty_a policy_n for_o know_v well_o how_o they_o great_o delight_v in_o our_o toy_n and_o special_o in_o bell_n he_o ring_v a_o pretty_a lowbel_n make_v wise_a that_o he_o will_v give_v he_o the_o same_o that_o will_v come_v and_o fetch_v it_o and_o because_o they_o will_v not_o come_v within_o his_o danger_n for_o fear_n he_o fling_v one_o bell_n unto_o they_o which_o of_o purpose_n he_o throw_v short_a that_o it_o may_v fall_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v lose_v and_o to_o make_v they_o more_o greedy_a of_o the_o matter_n he_o ring_v a_o loud_a bell_n so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n one_o of_o they_o come_v near_o the_o ship_n side_n to_o receive_v the_o bell_n which_o when_o he_o think_v to_o take_v at_o the_o captain_n hand_n he_o be_v thereby_o take_v himself_o for_o the_o captain_n be_v ready_o provide_v let_v the_o bell_n fall_v &_o catch_v the_o man_n fast_o &_o pluck_v he_o with_o main_a force_n boat_n and_o all_o into_o his_o bark_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n saâ—age_n whereupon_o when_o he_o find_v himself_o in_o captivity_n for_o very_a choler_n &_o disdain_n he_o bite_v his_o tongue_n in_o twain_o within_o his_o mouth_n notwithstanding_o he_o die_v not_o thereof_o but_o live_v until_o he_o come_v in_o england_n and_o then_o he_o die_v of_o cold_a which_o he_o have_v take_v at_o sea._n now_o with_o this_o new_a prey_n which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a witness_n of_o the_o captain_n far_o and_o tedious_a travel_n towards_o the_o unknown_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o do_v well_o appear_v by_o this_o strange_a infidel_n who_o like_a be_v never_o see_v red_a nor_o hard_a of_o before_o and_o who_o language_n be_v neither_o know_v nor_o understand_v of_o any_o the_o say_a captain_n frobisher_n return_v homeward_o return_n and_o arrive_v in_o england_n in_o august_n follow_v an._n 1â—76_n where_o he_o be_v high_o commend_v of_o all_o man_n for_o his_o great_a and_o notable_a attempt_n but_o special_o famous_a for_o the_o great_a hope_n he_o bring_v of_o the_o passage_n to_o cataya_n which_o he_o doubt_v nothing_o at_o alto_fw-mi find_v and_o pass_v through_o in_o those_o part_n as_o he_o report_v and_o it_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v remember_v at_o the_o first_o arrival_n in_o those_o part_n there_o lie_v so_o great_a store_n of_o ice_n all_o the_o coast_n along_o so_o thick_a together_o that_o hardly_o his_o boat_n can_v pass_v unto_o the_o shore_n at_o length_n after_o diverâ—â—_a attempt_n he_o command_v his_o company_n if_o by_o any_o possible_a mean_n they_o can_v get_v ashore_o to_o bring_v he_o whatsoever_o thing_n they_o can_v first_o find_v whether_o it_o be_v live_v or_o dead_a stock_n or_o stone_n in_o token_n of_o christian_a possession_n which_o thereby_o he_o take_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o queen_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n â—_z think_v that_o thereby_o he_o may_v justify_v the_o have_v and_o enjoy_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n
in_o durance_n at_o edinburgh_n by_o the_o regent_n commandment_n of_o scotlan_n after_o we_o have_v provide_v we_o here_o of_o matter_n sufficient_a for_o our_o voyage_n the_o eight_o of_o june_n we_o set_v sail_v again_o and_o pass_v through_o saint_n magnus_n sound_n have_v a_o merry_a wind_n by_o night_n come_v clear_v and_o lose_v sight_n of_o all_o the_o land_n and_o keep_v our_o course_n west_n northwest_o by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o day_n the_o wind_n shift_v upon_o we_o so_o that_o we_o lie_v in_o traverse_n on_o the_o sea_n with_o contrary_a make_v good_a as_o near_o as_o we_o can_v our_o course_n to_o the_o westward_n and_o sometime_o to_o the_o northward_o as_o the_o wind_n shift_v and_o héereabout_o we_o meet_v with_o three_o sail_n of_o english_a fisherman_n from_o iseland_n bind_v homeward_o by_o who_o we_o write_v our_o letter_n unto_o our_o friend_n in_o england_n we_o traverse_v these_o sea_n by_o the_o space_n of_o .26_o day_n without_o sight_n of_o any_o land_n and_o meet_v with_o much_o drift_n wood_n and_o whole_a body_n of_o tree_n sea_n we_o see_v many_o monstrous_a fish_n and_o strange_a fowl_n which_o sém_v to_o live_v only_o by_o the_o sea_n sea._n be_v there_o so_o far_o distant_a from_o any_o land_n at_o length_n god_n favour_v we_o with_o more_o prosperous_a wind_n and_o after_o we_o have_v sail_v four_o day_n with_o good_a wind_n in_o the_o poop_n the_o four_o of_o july_n the_o michael_n be_v foremost_a a_o head_n shoot_v off_o a_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n and_o strike_v all_o her_o sail_n suppose_v that_o they_o descry_v land_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o thick_a mist_n they_o can_v not_o make_v perfect_a howbeit_o as_o well_o our_o account_n as_o also_o the_o great_a alteration_n of_o the_o water_n which_o become_v more_o black_a and_o smooth_a do_v plain_o declare_v we_o be_v not_o far_o off_o the_o coast_n near_o our_o general_n send_v his_o master_n aboard_o the_o michael_n who_o have_v be_v within_o the_o year_n before_o to_o bear_v in_o with_o the_o place_n to_o make_v proof_n thereof_o who_o descry_v not_o the_o land_n perfect_v but_o see_v sundry_a huge_a land_n of_o ice_n ise._n which_o we_o deem_v to_o be_v not_o past_a twelve_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n for_o about_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n be_v the_o four_o of_o july_n the_o weather_n be_v more_o clear_a we_o make_v the_o land_n perfect_a and_o know_v it_o to_o be_v fréeseland_n freeselande_n and_o the_o height_n be_v take_v here_o we_o find_v ourselves_o to_o be_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o .60_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a and_o be_v fall_v with_o the_o southermost_a part_n of_o this_o land_n between_o orkney_n and_o friesland_n be_v reckon_v league_n this_o friesland_n show_v a_o ragged_a and_o high_a land_n have_v the_o mountain_n almost_o cover_v over_o with_o snow_n alongst_o the_o coast_n full_a of_o drift_n ice_n and_o seem_v almost_o inaccessible_a &_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o island_n in_o bigness_n not_o inferior_a to_o england_n and_o be_v call_v of_o some_o author_n west_n friesland_n describe_v i_o think_v because_o it_o lie_v more_o west_n than_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n it_o extend_v in_o latitude_n to_o the_o northward_o very_o far_o as_o seem_v to_o we_o and_o appear_v by_o a_o description_n set_v out_o by_o two_o brother_n venetian_n nicholaus_fw-la and_o antonius_n genoa_n who_o be_v drive_v off_o from_o ireland_n with_o a_o violent_a tempest_n make_v shipwreck_n here_o and_o be_v the_o first_o know_v christian_n that_o discover_v this_o land_n about_o three_o hundred_o year_n sithence_o and_o they_o have_v in_o their_o sea-card_n set_v out_o every_o part_n thereof_o and_o describe_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n declare_v they_o to_o be_v as_o civil_a and_o religious_a people_n as_o we_o and_o for_o so_o much_o of_o this_o land_n as_o we_o have_v sail_v alongst_o compare_v their_o card_n with_o the_o coast_n we_o find_v it_o very_o agreeable_a this_o coast_n seem_v to_o have_v good_a fish_n for_o we_o lie_v becalmd_v let_v fall_v a_o hook_n without_o any_o bait_n fish_v and_o present_o catch_v a_o great_a fish_n call_v a_o hollibut_fw-la which_o serve_v the_o whole_a company_n for_o a_o day_n meat_n and_o be_v dangerous_a meat_n for_o surfeit_v and_o sound_v about_o five_o league_n off_o from_o the_o shore_n our_o lead_n bring_v up_o in_o the_o tallow_n a_o kind_n of_o coral_n almost_o white_a sound_v and_o small_a stone_n as_o bright_a as_o crystal_n &_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o this_o land_n may_v be_v find_v very_o rich_a and_o beneficial_a if_o it_o be_v thorough_o discover_v although_o we_o see_v no_o creature_n there_o but_o little_a bird_n it_o be_v a_o marvelous_a thing_n to_o behold_v of_o what_o great_a bigness_n and_o depth_n some_o island_n of_o i_o shall_v be_v here_o some_o .70_o some_o .80_o fathom_n under_o water_n come_v beside_o that_o which_o be_v above_o seem_v land_n more_o than_o half_a a_o mile_n in_o circuit_n all_o these_o ice_n be_v in_o taste_n fresh_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v breed_v in_o the_o sound_v thereabouts_o or_o in_o some_o land_n near_o the_o pole_n and_o with_o the_o wind_n &_o tide_n be_v drive_v alongst_o the_o coast_n we_o find_v none_o of_o these_o land_n of_o ice_n salt_n in_o taste_n whereby_o appear_v they_o be_v not_o congeal_v of_o the_o ocean_n sea_n water_n experience_n which_o be_v always_o salt_n but_o of_o some_o stand_n or_o little_a move_a lake_n or_o great_a fresh_a water_n near_o the_o shore_n cause_v either_o by_o melt_a snow_n from_o top_n of_o mountain_n or_o by_o continual_a access_n of_o fresh_a river_n from_o the_o land_n and_o intermingle_v with_o the_o sea_n water_n bear_v yet_o the_o dominion_n by_o the_o force_n of_o extreme_a frost_n may_v cause_v some_o part_n of_o salt_n water_n to_o freeze_v so_o with_o it_o &_o so_o seem_v a_o little_a brackish_a but_o otherwise_o the_o main_a sea_n fréese_v not_o &_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o mare_n glacial_a or_o freeze_a sea_n as_o the_o opinion_n hitherto_o have_v be_v our_o general_n prove_v land_v here_o twice_o but_o by_o the_o sudden_a fall_n of_o mist_n whereunto_o this_o coast_n be_v much_o subject_n he_o be_v like_a to_o lose_v sight_n of_o his_o ship_n &_o be_v great_o endanger_v with_o the_o drive_a ice_n alongst_o the_o coast_n be_v force_v aboard_o and_o fain_o to_o surcease_v his_o pretence_n till_o a_o better_a opportunity_n may_v serve_v and_o have_v spend_v .4_o day_n &_o night_n sail_v alongst_o this_o land_n find_v the_o coast_n subject_a to_o such_o bitter_a cold_a &_o continual_a mist_n he_o determine_v to_o spend_v no_o more_o time_n therein_o but_o to_o bear_v out_o his_o course_n towards_o the_o straits_n call_v frobisher_n straits_n after_o the_o general_n name_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o pass_v beyond_o .58_o degree_n to_o the_o northwards_o for_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v yet_o know_v of_o certainty_n of_o new_a find_v land_n otherwise_o call_v the_o continent_n or_o firm_a land_n of_o america_n discover_v the_o say_v straits_n this_o last_o year_n .1576_o and_o hope_v that_o there_o will_v be_v find_v a_o thorough_a passage_n into_o the_o sea_n straight_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o back_n side_n of_o the_o say_v new_a find_v land_n call_v mare_fw-la pacificum_fw-la or_o mare_n de_fw-fr sur_fw-fr by_o the_o which_o we_o may_v go_v unto_o cataya_n china_n the_o east_n india_n and_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a cane_n of_o tartary_n between_o friesland_n &_o the_o straits_n we_o have_v one_o great_a storm_n wherein_o that_o michael_n be_v somewhat_o in_o danger_n have_v her_o stéerage_n break_v &_o her_o top_n mast_n blow_v over_o board_n tempest_n &_o be_v not_o past_o .50_o league_n short_a of_o the_o straits_n by_o our_o account_n we_o strike_v sail_v &_o lay_v a_o hull_n fear_v the_o continuance_n of_o the_o storm_n the_o wind_n be_v at_o the_o north-east_n and_o have_v lose_v company_n of_o the_o bark_n in_o that_o flaw_n of_o wind_n we_o happy_o meet_v again_o the_o .17_o day_n of_o july_n straits_n have_v the_o evening_n before_o see_v diverse_a island_n of_o fleeting_a ice_n which_o give_v a_o argument_n that_o we_o be_v not_o far_o from_o land_n our_o general_n in_o the_o morning_n from_o the_o main_a top_n the_o weather_n be_v reasonable_a clear_a descry_v land_n but_o to_o be_v better_o assure_v he_o send_v the_o two_o bark_n two_o contrary_a course_n whereby_o they_o may_v descry_v either_o the_o south_n or_o north_n foreland_n the_o aid_n lie_v off_o &_o on_o at_o sea_n with_o a_o small_a sail_n by_o a_o island_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v the_o mark_n for_o we_o to_o meet_v together_o again_o and_o about_o noon_n the_o weather_n be_v more_o clear_a
shall_v carry_v the_o light_n and_o after_o his_o light_n be_v once_o put_v out_o no_o man_n to_o go_v a_o head_n of_o he_o but_o every_o man_n to_o fit_v his_o sail_n to_o follow_v as_o near_o as_o they_o may_v without_o danger_n one_o another_o 3_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n depart_v further_o from_o the_o admiral_n than_o the_o distance_n of_o one_o english_a mile_n and_o as_o near_o as_o they_o may_v without_o danger_n one_o of_o another_o 4_o if_o it_o chance_v to_o grow_v thick_a and_o the_o wind_n contrary_a either_o by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n that_o the_o admiral_n be_v force_v to_o câ—st_v about_o before_o her_o cast_n about_o she_o shall_v give_v warning_n by_o shoot_v off_o a_o piece_n and_o to_o he_o shall_v answer_v the_o uâ—zeadmirall_n and_o the_o rereadmirall_n with_o every_o one_o of_o they_o a_o piece_n if_o it_o be_v by_o night_n or_o in_o a_o fog_n and_o that_o the_o uizeadmiral_n shâ—ll_v answer_v â—irste_o and_o the_o rereadmirall_n last_o 5_o that_o no_o man_n in_o the_o fleet_n descry_v any_o sail_n or_o sail_n give_v upon_o any_o occasion_n any_o chase_n before_o he_o have_v speak_v with_o the_o admiral_n 6_o that_o every_o evening_n all_o the_o fleet_n come_v up_o and_o speak_v with_o the_o admiral_n at_o seven_o of_o the_o clock_n or_o between_o that_o and_o eight_o and_o if_o weather_n will_v not_o serve_v they_o all_o to_o speak_v with_o the_o admiral_n than_o some_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o uizeadmirall_n and_o receive_v your_o order_n of_o your_o course_n of_o master_n hall_n chief_a pilot_n of_o the_o fleet_n as_o he_o shall_v direct_v you_o 7_o if_o to_o any_o man_n in_o the_o fleet_n there_o happen_v any_o mischance_n they_o shall_v present_o shoot_v off_o two_o piece_n by_o day_n and_o if_o it_o be_v by_o night_n two_o piece_n and_o show_v two_o light_n 8_o if_o any_o man_n in_o the_o fléete_n come_v up_o in_o you_o night_n and_o hale_v his_o fellow_n know_v he_o not_o he_o shall_v give_v he_o this_o watchword_n before_o the_o world_n be_v god._n the_o other_o shall_v answer_v he_o if_o he_o be_v one_o of_o our_o fleet_n after_o god_n come_v christ_n his_o son_n so_o that_o if_o any_o be_v find_v amongst_o we_o not_o of_o our_o own_o company_n he_o that_o first_o descry_v any_o such_o sail_n or_o sail_n shall_v give_v warning_n to_o the_o admiral_n by_o himself_o or_o any_o other_o that_o he_o can_v speak_v to_o that_o sail_n better_a than_o he_o being_n near_a unto_o he_o 9_o that_o every_o ship_n in_o the_o fleet_n in_o the_o time_n of_o fog_n which_o continual_o happen_v with_o little_a wind_n and_o most_o part_n calm_n shall_v keep_v a_o reasonable_a noise_n with_o trumpet_n drum_n or_o otherwise_o to_o keep_v themselves_o clear_a one_o of_o another_o 10_o if_o it_o fall_v out_o thick_a or_o misty_a that_o we_o lay_v it_o to_o hull_n the_o admiral_n shall_v give_v warning_n by_o a_o piece_n and_o put_v out_o three_o light_n one_o over_o another_o to_o the_o end_n that_o euâ—ry_a man_n may_v take_v in_o his_o sail_n and_o at_o his_o set_n of_o sail_n again_o do_v the_o like_a if_o it_o be_v not_o clear_v 11_z if_o any_o man_n discover_v land_n by_o night_n that_o he_o give_v the_o like_a warning_n that_o he_o do_v for_o mischance_n two_o light_n and_o two_o piece_n if_o it_o be_v by_o day_n one_o piece_n and_o put_v out_o his_o slagge_n and_o strike_v all_o his_o sail_n he_o have_v aboard_o 12_o if_o any_o ship_n shall_v happen_v to_o lose_v company_n by_o force_n of_o weather_n than_o any_o such_o ship_n or_o ship_n shall_v get_v she_o into_o the_o latitude_n of_o .._o and_o so_o keep_v that_o latitude_n until_o they_o get_v freeselande_n and_o after_o they_o be_v pass_v the_o west_n part_n of_o freeselande_n they_o shall_v get_v they_o into_o the_o latitude_n of_o .._o and_o .._o and_o not_o to_o the_o northward_o of_o and_o be_v once_o enter_v within_o the_o straits_n all_o such_o ship_n shall_v every_o watch_n shoot_v off_o a_o good_a piece_n and_o look_v out_o well_o for_o smoke_n and_o fire_n which_o those_o that_o get_v in_o first_o shall_v make_v every_o night_n until_o all_o the_o fleet_n be_v come_v together_o 13_o that_o upon_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o ensign_n in_o the_o mast_n of_o the_o admiral_n and_o a_o piece_n shoot_v of_o the_o whole_a fleet_n shall_v repair_v to_o the_o admiral_n to_o understand_v such_o conference_n as_o the_o general_n be_v to_o have_v with_o they_o 14_o if_o we_o chance_v to_o meet_v with_o any_o enemy_n that_o four_o ship_n shall_v attend_v upon_o the_o admiral_n viz._n the_o frances_n of_o foy_n the_o moon_n the_o bark_n dennis_n and_o the_o gâ—brieâ—â—â—_n â—_z and_o four_o upon_o my_o lieutenant_n general_a in_o the_o judith_n viz._n the_o hopewell_n the_o armenall_a the_o bear_n and_o the_o solomon_n and_o the_o other_o four_o upon_o the_o uizadmirall_n the_o anne_n frances_n the_o thomas_n of_o ipswich_n the_o emanuel_n and_o the_o michael_n 15_o if_o there_o happen_v any_o disorder_a person_n in_o the_o fleet_n that_o he_o be_v take_v and_o keep_v in_o safe_a custody_n until_o he_o may_v convenient_o be_v bring_v aboard_o the_o admiral_n and_o therâ—_n to_o receive_v such_o punishment_n as_o he_o or_o their_o offence_n shall_v deserve_v by_o i_o martin_n frobysher_n our_o departure_n fâ—om_n england_n have_v receive_v these_o article_n of_o direction_n we_o depart_v from_o harwich_n the_o one_o and_o thirty_o of_o may._n and_o sail_v alonge_v the_o south_n part_n of_o england_n westward_o we_o at_o length_n come_v by_o the_o coast_n of_o ireland_n at_o cape_n clear_v the_o six_o of_o june_n and_o give_v chase_v there_o to_o a_o small_a bark_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o pirate_n or_o rover_n on_o the_o sea_n but_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o deed_n that_o they_o be_v poor_a man_n of_o bristol_n who_o have_v meet_v with_o such_o company_n of_o frenchman_n as_o have_v spoil_v and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o leave_v the_o rest_n so_o sore_o wound_v that_o they_o be_v like_a to_o perish_v in_o the_o sea_n have_v neither_o hand_n nor_o foot_n hole_n to_o help_v themselves_o withal_o nor_o victual_n to_o sustain_v their_o hungry_a body_n our_o general_n who_o well_o understand_v the_o office_n of_o a_o souldioure_fw-fr and_o a_o englishman_n and_o know_v well_o what_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o sea_n mean_v pity_v much_o the_o misery_n of_o the_o poor_a man_n releive_v they_o with_o surgery_n and_o salve_n to_o heal_v their_o hurt_n and_o with_o meat_n and_o drink_v to_o comfort_v their_o pine_a heart_n deed_n some_o of_o they_o have_v neither_o eat_v nor_o drink_v more_o than_o olive_n &_o stink_a water_n in_o many_o day_n before_o as_o they_o report_v and_o after_o this_o good_a deed_n do_v have_v a_o large_a wind_n we_o keep_v our_o course_n upon_o our_o saâ—de_a voyage_n without_o stay_v for_o the_o take_n in_o of_o fresh_a water_n or_o any_o other_o provision_n whereof_o many_o of_o the_o fleet_n be_v not_o thorough_o furnish_v and_o sail_v towards_o the_o northwest_o part_n from_o ireland_n we_o meet_v with_o a_o great_a currant_n from_o out_o of_o the_o south-west_n which_o carry_v we_o by_o our_o reckon_n one_o point_n to_o the_o northestwarde_n of_o our_o say_a course_n which_o currant_n seem_v to_o we_o to_o continue_v itself_o towards_o norway_n and_o other_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o world_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v that_o this_o be_v the_o same_o which_o the_o portugal_n meet_v at_o capo_n d'buona_fw-la speranza_fw-es currant_n where_o strike_v over_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o straits_n of_o magellanes_n and_o find_v no_o passage_n there_o for_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o say_a straits_n run_v alongst_o into_o the_o great_a bay_n of_o mexico_n where_o also_o have_v a_o let_v of_o land_n it_o be_v force_v to_o strike_v back_o again_o towards_o the_o north-east_n as_o we_o not_o only_o here_o but_o in_o another_o place_n also_o further_o to_o the_o northwards_o by_o good_a experience_n this_o year_n have_v find_v as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o in_o his_o place_n more_o at_o large_a declare_v now_o have_v we_o sail_v about_o fourteen_o day_n without_o sight_n of_o any_o land_n or_o any_o other_o live_a thing_n except_o certain_a fowl_n as_o wylmots_n nody_n gull_n etc_n etc_n which_o there_o seem_v only_o to_o live_v by_o sea._n the_o twentieth_o of_o june_n at_o two_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n the_o general_n descry_v land_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v west_n friesland_n now_o name_v west_n england_n england_n here_o the_o general_n and_o other_o gentleman_n go_v ashore_o be_v the_o first_o know_v christian_n that_o we_o have_v true_a notice_n of_o that_o ever_o set_a