to the South Livonia to the West and Novogard to the East It is great populous and fruitful was a Sovereign Dukedom till John Basilovitz conquered it in 1509. The principal City is Pleskow Pleskovia which stands upon the River Veliki forty Miles from the Confines of Livonia to the East sixty from the Lake of Ilmen and forty from Riga to the North-East This City was betrayed into the Hands of the Russ by the Priests in 1509 upon a Religious Pretence who were severely punished for their Treason by that perfidious bloody cruel Tyrant In 158◠it was besieged and taken by Stephen King of Poland Again in 1615 by Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden out of whose Hands the Russ were forced to redeem it by the Payment of a vast Sum of Money The Russ call it Pskouwa Plessis a Seigniory in the Province of Poictou in France giving Name and Origine to an Honourable Family which produced the late famous Minister of State in that Kingdom the Cardinal of Richlieu Plymouth Plymuthum a Noble Sea-Port Town in the most Western part of Devonshire on the South of England It takes its Name from the River Plyme between which and the Tainer a much greater River and the Western Boundary of Devonshire this Town is seated and has one of the largest safest and most convenient Havens in the World It was anciently called Sutton and saith Mr. Cambden of late times was a poor Fishermens Town but within the compass of a few years become equal to some of the best Cities in England Fortified both to the Seaward by a Fort built on St. Nicolas Isle and to Landward by two Forts upon the Haven and a Castle on a Hill besides which it has a Chain for the Security of the Haven in time of War Henry IV. granted it a Mayor From this Town Sir Francis Drake set Sail in 1577 when he went that Voyage in which he sailed round the Terrestrial Globe Out of this Haven the English Fleet was Towed by Ropes the Winds being contrary when in 1588 Charles Lord Howard Admiral of England went to fight the Spanish invincible Armado as they unwisely called it Charles II. added to the Strength of this Place by building a stately Cittadel on a Hill near it and to its Honour by creating Charles Fitz-Charles one of his Natural Sons Baron of Dartmouth Viscount Totnes and Earl of Plymouth July 9. 1675 who afterward died at Tangier Ploen Plona a small City in the Dukedom of Holstein in the Province of Wagaren between a double Lake of the same Name six German Miles from Lubeck to the North. It has a splendid and noble Castle which together with the City is under the Dominion of a Prince of the Family of Holstein Plotzko Ploczko or Plosco Plocum Ploscum a small City in the Greater Poland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Capital of a Palatinate of the same Name in the Dukedom of Mazomiekie or Masovia to which there belongs a Castle It is seated upon the Vistula fourteen Polish Miles from Warsaw to the West Pludents a small Seigniory in Tyrol belonging to the King of Spain Plusa Aprusa a small River in Romandiola which springeth out of Mount Titam and running Southward falls into the Adriatick Sea near Rimin◠Also called L' Avesa Pluviers Aviarium a City in the Province of La Beause upon the River l' Oeuf ten Leagues from Orleans to the North and as many from Montargis to the East it is a spruce City and by the Writers of the middle Times called Pithuria Plurs or Pleure Plura an Italian Prefecture belonging to the Grisons by the Gift of Maximilian Sforza Duke of Milan in 1513. It takes its Name from the chief Town of the same Name once seated at the Foot of the Alpes near Chiavenne upon the River Maira the chief of sundry Villages lying in the same bottom now nothing but a deep and bottomless Gulph For on April 26. 1617. a huge Rock falling from the top of the Mountains overwhelmed it and killed in the twinkling of an Eye fifteen hundred people left no sign or ruin of a Town there standing but in the place thereof a great Lake of about two Miles in length Heylyn There were eight Religious Houses in it yet scarce one person of all the Town escaped alive The day before this a roaring noise was heard from the Mountain Po Padus Eridanus the greatest River in Italy which ariseth in Piedmont and dividing Lombardy into two parts falls into the Adriatick Sea by many Mouths Called by the Italians French and English Po by the Germans Paw It s Head is in Mount Viso Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes in the Borders of Dauphiné in the Marquisate of Saluzzo from a Spring called Visenda in the midst of a Meadow and running East by the Castle of Paisand it hides it self in the Earth again So dividing Piedmont at Villa Franca it takes in the Chisone and at Pancalieri the Veraita and Macra by the addition of which it becomes capable of bearing a Boat Then it waters Turin the Capital of Savoy where it takes in the Doria so continuing his Course to the East by Chivas and Casal he takes his leave of the Duke of Savoy's Dominions and entereth Milan leaving Pavia five and Milan twenty Miles to the North it passeth on the South of Piacenza and the North of Cremona leaving Parma four Miles to the South and Mantoua six to the North he passeth to Fichervolo where he divides his vastly improved Streams into two great Branches The Northern watereth the State of Venice and by five Mouths entereth the Gulph of Venice the Southern passeth to Ferrara and is there subdivided into three other Branches the most Southern of which runs within four Miles of Ravenna This River receives about thirty Rivers in all from the Alpes and the Apennine and being by far the greatest River in Italy is mightily magnified by the Latin Poets who would have it no less than the Nile and the Danube call it the King of Rivers and the greatest in the World It must be confessed that it is a noble Flood and the only one which has sound a place in Heaven too or hath the Glory to be made a Constellation But saith the Learned Dr. Brown who saw it there are many Rivers that exceed it in Greatness The Names of the most considerable of its Branches are il Po grando il Po di Ariano il Po di Volana and il Po di Argenta Poblet a Monastery in Catalonia where the Kings of Arragon were anciently buried Pocevera Porcifera a River in the States of Genoua which takes its rise from the Appennine and by a Valley ten Miles long makes it passage by Genoua into the Ligustick Sea Pocklington a Market Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Harthill upon a small River falling into the Derwent Pocutie Pocutia a small Tract in the South part of the Kingdom
Bourbon the King of Navarre being slain before it It fell after this into the Hands of the Leaguers Henry IV. besieged it in 1593. but was prevented from taking it by the Prince of Parma though in the year following it willingly submitted to him after he had imbraced the Roman Catholick Religion The Parliament in this City was instituted by Philip the Fair in 1286. Established by Lewis XII in 1499. and re-established by Francis I. in 1515. Pope Clement VI. was sometime Archbishop of the See Pope Martin IV. and Gregory XI Archdeacons There have been divers provincial Councils here assembled Particularly in 1074. one against the Concubinage of the Clergy Roane or Rovane Rhodumna an ancient Town in France in the Dukedom of Bourbonne and the County of Foretz upon the River Loyre where it becomes first capable to bear a Boat Very great and populous tho not walled It stands twelve Leagues from Lyons to the South-West and eighteen from Moulins The Territory belonging to it is called le Roanez or Roannois and has the Honor of being a Dukedom by the Creation of King Charles IX Rober Erubris a River in Lorain which falls by Trier into the Moselle Robil Robel Rebellio a City or Town in the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh in the Lower Saxony by the Lake of Muritz in the Borders of Brandenburgh two German Miles from Var and seven from Gustro Robogh a Village in the County of Tyron upon the Sea Shoar against Scotland in the Province of Vlster which has preserved the memory of the Rhobogdii an old Irish Clan that possessed the Counties of Antrim Colran and Tyrone in this Province from whom that Cape now called the Fair Foreland by the English was then called Rhobodium being in the County of Antrim scarce fifteen Miles South of the nearest Shoar of Scotland Rocca Nova a Town in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Rocca Romana a Town in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples near Alifa honored with the Title of a Principality Rochdale a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford upon the River Roche in a Dale or Vale which together compound its name La Roche Rupes a Town in the Territory of Genevois in Savoy five or six Leagues from Geneva little less from Anneci and one from the River Arve at the foot of the Mountains It hath a Collegiate Church and two Religious Houses Roche-chouart a Seigniory in the Province of Poictou towards the Borders of Angoumois giving name to a Family of Honour La Roche-En-Ardenne a fortified Town in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Low Countries upon the River Vrt twelve Leagues from Luxemburgh and nine from Liege Honour'd with the Title of an Earldom Rochefort a Town and Port at the Mouth of the Charante in the Pais d'Aunis in France Heretofore no more than a Village but now become a Magazine enlarged with divers Buildings and more daily La Roche-sur-Yon Rupes ad Yonem a Town in the Lower Poictou in France towards Lusson upon the River Yon which after joyns with the Lay. Honoured some Ages since with the Title of a Principality which is enjoyed by the House of Bourbon Rochelle Portus Santonum Rupella Rupella Santonum Rupella a City and famous Port of France upon the Bay of Aquitain the Capital of le Pais d'Aunis and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Seven Leagues from Brouges to the North two from the Isle of Re and thirty from the Mouth of the Loyre to the South-East It takes its name from the Rock on which it stands supposed to be built about the Sixth Century because not mentioned before against the Incursions of the Normans At first it had Princes of its own After this it was under the English from the times of Henry II. who possessed it as Duke of Anjou And that Prince granted this City its first Charter and Privileges which were confirmed by Richard and John his Sons King John Landed here in 1206. when he went to the Siege of Mountauban and after in 1213. In 1224. it was taken from the English by Lewis VIII King of France but recovered the next year and continued under the English till 1453. And then finally taken by Charles VII In the beginning of the Civil Wars of France this Town fell under the power of the Hugonots who very much improved its Fortifications It was their principal place of refuge under Charles IX After the Massacre of Paris it was besieged by all the Forces of France defended it self to a wonder and at last forced that Prince to a Peace in 1573. It continued after this in their hands till 1628. and then was taken by Hunger in order to which the Ocean was bridled with a prodigious Bank begun in 1627. and carried the length of 747. toises the English having twice unsuccessfully attempted to relieve it After the taking of it Lewis XIII King of France visited it in person re-established the Roman Catholick Religion destroy'd its Fortifications saving two Towers built heretofore by Charles the Fifth for the Defence of the Port and took away its former Privileges In 1649. it first became a Bishoprick the Chair being removed hither from Mallezais a small Place in Poictou by Pope Innocent X. at the request of Lewis XIV Long. 19. 25. Lat. 45. 56. Rochester Rossa Durobius Dorobrevis Rutupiae a City in the County of Kent and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the Medway over which it has a stately Stone Bridge one of the fairest in England five Miles from the Thames twenty five from Canterbury to the East and London to the West This was a Roman Town or rather Castle as William of Malmsbury stiles it much enlarged to the East West and South In 676. it was ruined by Aetheldred King of the Mercians and after this several times by the Danes Aethelbert King of Kent erected here a sumptuous Church and caused one Justus to be made the first Bishop of it in 604. Gundulphus the Norman about 1080. rebuilt this Church and brought in Monks which are since changed into a Dean and six Prebendaries It has a Castle built by William the Conqueror which in the Reign of William Rufus and twice after in the Barons Wars has been besieged Dr. Sprat the present Bishop is the eighty third of this Diocese Charles II. added an Honor to this Place when he created Henry Viscount Wilmot of Athlone in Ireland Baron of Alderbury in the County of Oxon and Earl of Rochester December 13. 1652. Whose Son John Wilmot succeeded him in 1659. Which Family failing Laurence Hide second Son to Sir Edward Hide Earl of Clarendon and Lord Chancellor of England was by the same Prince created Earl of Rochester November 29. 1682. But before these it gave the Title of Viscount to Sir Robert Carr created Anno 1611. by K. James I. Viscount Rochester and afterwards Earl
Zaara in Africa betwixt the Kingdom of Gaoga and the Country of Lempta There is a Town in it of the same name Sands Scorpions and Monsters are almost the only things to be seen here Bere Regis a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The chief of its Hundred Bereberes an antient People of Barbary in Africa divided into 5 Tribes called the Mazamudins Zenetes Haoares Zinhagiens and Gomeres from which the Grandees of Africk derive their Original They came hither out of Arabia Foelix under Melech-Ifiriqui King of the said Arabia and in time made themselves Masters of a great part of Africk often Usurping upon each other for the Government till they were all Conquered by the Turks Berecynthus a Mountain of Phrygia in Asia Minor famous heretofore for the Worship of the Goddess Cybele who thence is styled Berecynthia Berenice See Bernish Berg or Berghen the Dutch and German names for Mons a City of Hainault § Also a Province of Westphalia in Germany lying along the Rhine betwixt the County of Mark and the Bishoprick of Cologne called the Dutchy of Berg and in Latin Bergensis Regio Dusseldorp is its Capital Town Bergamo Bergomum a City of Italy belonging to the Venetians which was once a part of the Dukedom of Milan a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan built with others by the Orobii call'd by Paulus Diaconus Pergamum and by the Writers of the middle Ages Bergamum This City is placed on the side of a Mountain the Foot of which is covered by large Suburbs it is great and Populous and lies between the River Brembo which 8 Miles further falls into the Adda and the Serio which falls also in the Adda It has a Castle called Capella and it lies 30 Miles from Brixia towards Milan to the West and the same distance from Como to the East from hence the Family of the Bergoma's take their name The same is the Capital of the Country adjacent called Bergamasco Bergen Bergos or Berga a City of Norway on the Northern Ocean call'd by the Natives Baern by the Germans Berghen It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim a celebrated Mart has a large and safe Harbour surrounded almost on all sides with high Mountains and lies in a winding Bay call'd Jelta fiored 12 Miles from the Ocean it has a strong Castle call'd Bergen-Hus and lies in the small Territory of Nord Horland which is Subject to the King of Denmark as King of Norway 23 from Linde Noes or the most Southern Point of Norway and 80 from the nearest Coast of Scotland at this day without dispute the best and richest City of all Norway But made more famous by the Valour of the English who in 1665. entred this Port and fell upon the Dutch East-India Fleet to their great damage and had certainly destroyed them all if contrary Winds had not given them time to draw their Canon ashoar to their defence Bergen op Zoom call'd by the French Bergue sur le Zoom is a small but strong City in the Dukedom of Brabant upon the River Schelde Erected into a Dukedom in 1533. and revolting with the Vnited Provinces was attempted without success by the Marques◠Spinola in 1622. So that it still belongs to the Hollanders It stands 7 Leagues from Antwerp towards the North and 5 from Breda to the South-West Bergen the chief Town of the Island of Rugen on the Coast of Pomerania in the Baltick Sea which has belonged to the Swedes every since 1630. Bergerac a City of Perigord upon the River Dordogne 5 Miles from Pergueux to the South and about 9 from Sarlat a rich and fine City The English had it heretofore in their possession They Fortified it and afterwards lost it about the Year 1371. It revoked upon the score of Religion in 1562. and was often taken and retaken In 1621. it submitted itself to Lewis XIII Bergue S. Uinoth a small City in Flanders taken by the French in the year 1658. and yielded to them by the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. Dignified with the Title of a Viscounty as likewise of a Chatelany with divers Villages under its Jurisdiction It has various Names and is sometimes call'd Groenemberg or Green-wich it lies 12 German miles East of Gravelinge and about one League and a half from Dunkirk Al. VVinocksberg Berkeley a Market-Town in Gloucestershire The chief of its Hundred upon the Banks of the Severn where stands the Seat of the noble and antient Family of the Earls of Berkeley Berkhamsted a Market-Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Dacor S. Brithwald Archbishop of Canterbury held a Council here in 698. In Latin Bergamstedum Beikshire Bercheria is separated on the North by the River Isis from Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South by the River Kenet from Hantshire on the West it Bordereth upon Wiltshire and on the East upon Surry generally fertil and rich but especially the Vale of VVhite Horse The Right Honorable Thomas Howard was created the first Earl of Berkshire by Charles I. in 1625. He was second Coronation Earl as well as second Son to Thomas Earl of Suffolk in which Family it still is the present Earl being the fourth in the Succession Berlin Berolinum or Berlinum is one of the Noblest Cities in Germany It belongs to the Upper Saxony and stands in the middle Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Sprew which a little further to the North falls into the Hamel This City stands in a Marsh very strongly Fortified being the capital of that Marquisate and the Residence of the Marquisses of Brandenburgh divided by the River Sprew into two parts that on the East side is call'd Berlin that on the West Coln or the Colony 17 German Miles from Magdeburg to the South East and 11 from Frankfort Built by Albertus Vnsus Prince of Anhalt In 1142. Bermudas or the Summer Islands are a knot of Islands on the Coast of Florida supposed to be 400 in number 1600 Leagues from England 1000 from Madera 400 from Hispaniola and 300 from Carolina which is the nearest Continent Accidentally discovered by John Bermudaz a Spaniard about 1522. Sir George Summers an English Man being in 1609. sent by the Lord de la Ware to Virginia stumbled again upon them and suffered Shipwrack here who was so taken with their verdure plenty and delightfulness that he neglected his return for England and with the Assistance of Sir Thomas Gates setled a a Plantation here in 1612. and in 1616. Capt. Tucker was sent after the first Adventurers with 500 Men who established themselves so well and fortified the Accesses so that it is now thought impregnable It is one of the most healthful places in the World none dying here of almost any other Distemper but old Age fruitful to a wonder abounding in all things needful for the Life of Man but fresh Water which is gotten with some difficulty from their Wells and Cisterns for they have neither Springs nor Rivers This Colony filled so fast
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
Sir William Cecil Lord Treasurer of England built it and Robert Lord Cecil his Son of the same office to K. Jam I much beautified it Theoskeposti the Grotto in the Island of Patmos in the Archipelago wherein S. John is said to have written his Apocalypse Thermia Ferma and Ferminea as the Italians call it Polyaegas an Island in the Archipelago towards Europe which hath a considerable City of its own name and a Castle and a Spring of hot mineral Waters not far from the Sea from whence it took the name of Thermia Thermodon the same with Pormon § The Ancients frequently mention a River in Scythia Europaea in the Country of the Amazons of this name also Thermopylae a Streight or narrow passage at the great Mountain Oeta and the Gulph of Zyton in the extreme Borders of the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia leading into Phocis in Achaia Now called Bocca di Lupo or the Wolf's mouth Of great fame in Antiquity for being maintained by Leonidas General of the Lacedaemonians with three or four hundred Men against a vast Army of the Persians under Xerxes Thespia an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near the Mountain Helicon It has been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens But as it lies now under the Tyranny of the Turks a poor Village Thessalia a very considerable Province of Macedonia toward the South Bounded on the South by Achaia now Livadia on the West by Epirus on the North by Macedonia properly so called and by the Archipelago and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East The Capital City of which is Larissa now called Comenolitari by Castaldus and by Brietius Janna under the Turks It had in the beginning Kings of its own Next it became subject to the Macedonians and Romans It had Marquesses of its own in the latter part of the times of the Greek Emperors Bonifacius being made Marquess of Thessalia in 1210 whose Posterity possessed it till about 1380. When Amurath Conquered the greatest part of this Country and his Posterity still enjoy it It is incompassed by the Olympus Pindus Ossa and Oeta four great Mountains its Inhabitants were in the ancient Times so famous for their Chivalry that Philip of Macedon sought and obtained the Dominion of it chiefly on that account Very fruitful reasonably well Peopled and for the most part inhabited by Christians Thessalonica a great Maritim City of Macedonia the Metropolis of that ancient Kingdom called of old Thermae now Salonichi It has had the fortune to keep up something of its ancient Greatness and Wealth still an Archbishops See and a populous City defended by ancient Walls and a Castle and blessed with a large safe Haven The greatest part of its Inhabitants are Jews It stands at the foot of an Hill upon a small River at the bottom of a Bay called by its own name two hundred and twenty Miles from Durazzo to the East three hundred and fifty from Constantinople to the South-West and two hundred and thirty from Athens to the North. Long. 47. 50. Lat. 42. 10. S. Paul Converted it to the Christian Faith and wrote two Epistles to it about the year of Christ 52. Timothy was sent by S. Paul to instruct and confirm them in the same Faith In 390. Theodosius the Great slew seven thousand of its Inhabitants for a Tumult In 895. It was taken and sacked by the Saracens In 1423. it was sold to the Venetians In 1431. Amurath II. took it from them In the year 1688. the Venetians bombarded it till the Inhabitants submitted to the Contributions demanded of them Thetford Sitomagum Sciani a small but very ancient Roman Town in the County of Norfolk upon the little Ouse in the Borders of the County of Suffolk Twenty Miles from Norwich to the South-West seventeen from Ely to the East and eight from Bury to the North. This ancient Town was sacked by Sweno the Dane in 1004. and suffered more from them in 1010. About 1047. the Bishops See of the East-Angles was removed hither from Elmham Herebert the next Bishop removed in 1067. to Norwich The Conqueror in his Survey sound two hundred Houses soon after empty ever since it has been decaying yet it is a Corporation sends two Burgesses to Parliament and gave the Title of a Viscount to the Right Honourable Henry Bennet Earl of Arlington The Lent Assizes for the County are usually kept here Thiano a ruined City in the Province called Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which had a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Thibet Thibetum a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary between Tartary properly so called and the Desart Tartary to the North Indosthan to the South Tangut to the East and Mawaralnatharia to the West Of which there is little known but the Name Some make it the same with others a part of Turquestan Thienen Atheniensis Legio Tenae and Tillemontium is a Town of Brabant called by the French Tillemont upon the small Rivolet Geet which beneath Hallen falls into the Demere about six Leagues from Namur to the North and a little more from Brussels to the East Now a great Town and formerly of great Import and Trade as appears by this that her Walls have been thrice inlarged In the late Wars saith Guicciardin between the French Liegeois and Low Countries it has been much wasted and in part desolated though the Inhabitants enjoy great Privileges In 1578. this Place was ceded to Don John of Austria In 1635. taken by the French Thionville Divodurum Theodonis Villa a City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh called by the Germans Diedenhoven It is a small but very strong Place and stands upon the Moselle four Leagues from Mets to the North nine from Trier to the South-West and about eleven from Montmedi to the East This Place was much beloved and frequented by Charles the Great as Eginhard saith He ordinarily assembled the Nobility and Clergy of his Estates here and particularly in 806 when he parted his Kingdom amongst his three Sons In 835. a Council at this City deposed the Archbishop of Rheims as Author of an attempt against the Person of Lewis the Debonaire K. of France whom the said Archbishop and his Adherents had deprived of Royal Dignity In 844. Charles the Bald assisted at another Council here In the latter Times it was often taken by the French who ever since 1644. have intirely possessed it the Peace of the Pyrenees confirming it to them Thorax a Mountain near the City Manissa in Lydia in the Lesser Asia The Christians of S. Thomas an ancient Church of the Eastern Christians about Goa Meliapour Cranganoor c. in the Hither East-Indies Which claiming its Establishment from the Apostle S. Thomas whose Body is pretended to be preserved at Goa keeps it self at an entire Independency from the Laws and Rites of both the Roman and Greek Churches whose several Founders it says were the Heads of the Churches of their own Foundations
Champagne sixteen from Reims North and four from Marle South often mentioned on the account of a Peace here made between Henry IV. of France and Philip II. of Spain May 2. 1598. Uerâ—lam Verolamium an ancient Roman City and Colony mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy in Hartfondshire the Royal City of Cassibellanus a British Prince contemporary with Julius Caesar by whom this City was taken fifty two years before the Birth of our Saviour in his second Expedition into Britain In the year of Christ 66. it was taken and intirely ruined by Boadicia Queen of the Iceni and all the Romans put to the Sword yet it recovered again and flourished as long as the Romans continued in Britain and under Dioclesian had one famous Martyr called Albanus In 429 there was a British Synod held here by S. German Bishop of Auxerre in France against the Pelagians Soon after it fell into the Hands of the Saxons I suppose about 465. Retaken by Vthe Pendragon who began his Reign in 498. and Reigned eighteen years Again retaken by the Saxons and intirely ruined In 975. Offa King of the Mercians built on the other side the little River Ver which washed the Walls of it a goodly Monastery in Honour of S. Alban which after became a great Town K. James I. revived the Memory of this place when he made Sir Francis Bacon then Lord Chancellour of England Lord Verulam in 1620 who dying without Issue the Title failed but he yet honors the place by lying buried in a little Church near it Veruli or Veroli Verulum a City in Campania di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope which is a Bishops See and now in a tolerable condition upon the River Cosa forty eight Miles from Rome to the South and from Capua to the North sixty from Pescara West Vesere See Weser Vesle Vidula a River of Champagne which ariseth three Leagues from Chaalons to the East and watering Reims falls into the Aisne Vesoul Vesulum a small but neat City in the Franche Comté nine Leagues from Besanzon and thirteen from Beaucaire West Now in the Possession of the French Vesprin Vesprinum Vesprimium a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Vesprim by the Germans Weisbrun It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran. The Capital of a County of the same name strong and populous and defended by a Castle Seated on the River Sarwize eleven German Miles from Gran South and five from Alba Regalis West This has been in the hands of the Emperour ever since 1565. Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes betwixt Dauphine to the West and Piedmont to the East Now called Mont viso The River Po derives its head from it Vesuvius a Vulcanoe in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples eight Miles from the City Naples near the Castle of Somma from which last place the Italians give it the name of il Monte di Somma The particular times of its overflowing with stormes of fire are all recorded in History since our Saviour and the Reign of Augustus viz. in the years 81. 243. 421. 985. 973. 983. 1036. 1038. 1138. 1139. 1430. 1500. 1631 1660. 1682. Where the Intervals sometimes continue two or three hundred years at others not above one two and ten In its last rupture in 1682. Aug. 14. it covered the whole Dukedom of Massa adjacent with ashes of a nauseous odour and set on fire the wood of Otajano The twentieth it caused an Earthquake of three hours continuance which reached to Naples The twenty second it cast forth floods of smoak ashes coals attended with a roaring noise Flames Earthquake and Thunder the Flames ran from it unextinguished in the midst of vast storms of Rain filling Naples with Ashes And on the 24th it ended in a cloud of white ashes Before the Reign of Augustus we read of its ruptures five times The Elder Pliny was suffocated as he searched the causes thereof upon the place Veteravie See Weteraw Veuxin Vexin Velocasses a Territory in Normandy betwixt the Rivers Apte and Ardelle the Capital of which was Roan but now Gisors § There is another in the Isle of France of the same name between the Oyse and the Apte the Capital of which is Pontoise This for distinction is called Vexin Francois and the other Vexin Normand § There is a City of the same name in Gothland in the Kingdom of Sweden Vezelay Veseliacum Vizeliacum a City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in Auxerre upon the River Curez in the Borders of Nivernois ten Leagues from Auxerre to the South eighteen from Nevers to the South-East and five from Corbie in Picardy to which Province this City is now added P. Eugenius III. celebrated a Council here in 1145. for the recovery of the Holy Land Vgenti Vgento Vxentum a small City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Otranto to the North-West and eleven from Gallipoli to the East Long. 42. 28. Lat. 39. 56. Vgogh Vgoza a County in the Vpper Hungary towards the Tibiscus and the Borders of Transylvania The Capital of it is a Castle of the same name Two German Miles from Zatmar to the East and a little more from the Tibiscus W. Viana a City in Navarre upon the River Ebro thirteen Leagues from Pampelune and seven from Calahorra in Castile to the South-West Built by Sancius King of Navarre in 1219. In 1423. made a Principality by Charles III. and ever after given to the Prince of Navarre as his Title Viatka a City River and Province in Muscovy one hundred and twenty Miles from Cazan to the North. Viburg Viburgum a City in Sweden the Capital of Carelia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Riga one hundred and sixty Miles from Narva to the North upon the Bay of Finland on which it has a Haven and a strong Castle The Muscovites have several times in vain assaulted it Vicenza or Vincenza Vicentia Vicetia Vincentia a City in the States of Venice in Lombardy which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja a great strong City under the Republick of Venice upon the River Bachiglione Eighteen Miles from Padoua thirty from Verona East and from Feltria South Taken by Maximilian in 1509. Long. 33. 40. Lat. 44. 50. It was inhabited anciently by the Euganei The Gauls were Benefactors to it The Romans and the Lombards possessed it each in the times of their Power It fell to the Venetians not till after great revolutions and divers Wars The pleasantness of its situation gives it the Title of the Garden of Venice It is the Capital of the Territory of the Vincentine In 1583. and 1623. Synods were assembled here Vich Vicus Aquae Voconiae Ausa Nova Corbio a small City in Catalonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated upon the River Tera twelve Leagues from Barcellone to the North and nine from Girone to the West In 1627. a Synod was
Also a Mountain in the Confines of the Greater Armenia at the foot whereof arises the River Euphrates § A Town in Phocis in Greece which gave the Surname Abaeus to Apollo who had a Temple there Being burnt by Xerxes the Inhabitants retired into the Isle of Negropont formerly Euboea from them at that time called Abantis Abacares a People in the South of America upon the River Madera Abahius Abahuis and Abanhi different Names of the River Nile Abaimbe Abaibe Abibe Abaibae a Ridge of Mountains in Peru in the Province of Carthagene near the Gulf of Vraba Abanbo a River of Ethiopia it falls into the Nile a little above Meroë it is supposed to be Ptolomy's Astapus Abancay a River rising in the Mountains of Andes in Peru and after having washed a Town of the same Name with it self falling into the River Maragnon in the Province of Lima. Abano in Latin Aponus a Village in the Territories of Padua supposed by some to be the Birth-Place of Titus Livius antiently famous for its Baths Abantes the Inhabitants of Aba See Aba Abanwiwar a County of the Upper Hungary upon the Tibiscus the Capital of which is Caschaw it is called by the Germans Abaviwar Abara or Abaraner a City upon the River Alingeac in Armenia Major The Arch-Bishop of Nassivan frequently makes it his place of Residence Abaraus and Aboraas a Town in Guinea upon the River Volta about twenty five Leagues from the Sea Abarim a Ridge of Mountains in the Rocky Arabia of which Mount Nebo and Mount Pisgah mention'd in Scripture are parts Abarimon a Country in Scythia at the foot of the Mountain Imaus Abasses or Abcasses a People of Mount Caucasus bordering on Mengrelia well-shap'd and vigorous They cherish Customs much differing from the People of other Countries Abbefort a Town in Norwey with a good Port in the Government of Aggerhuys about 20 Leagues from Anslo and 25 or 30 from Stafanger Abbeville a City of the County of Ponthieu in Picardy upon the River Somme it is well fortified large and beautiful and lies 34 Leagues from Paris to the North. It belonged heretofore to the Abby of S. Riquer and from thence had its Name Abdera an antient City of Thrace famous among other things for the Madness of the Inhabitants Of latter days it was call'd Clazomenae then Polystile or Astrizze and at this time Asperosa Abensperg a little Town of Bavaria three German Miles from Ratisbon and one from the Danube It gave Birth and Surname to Joannes Aventinus a Learned Historian who wrote Annals of his Country from the Flood to 1460. in Ten Books Aberconwey in Latin Conovium a Town in the County of Carnarvon in Wales seated on the River Conwey and the Irish Sea Aberdeen in Latin Aberdenia and Devana a City of Scotland built upon the River Don fifty Miles distant from S. Andrews to the North-East Here is an Episcopal Chair brought thither in 1100. and an University founded in 1480. The Site thereof is of late times removed nearer the River Dee It was yielded to the English without constraint in 1651. Long. 18. 12. Lat. 57. 15. Aberfraw Gadiva a Town in the Isle of Anglesey the Royal Seat of eleven Kings of North-Wales whereof Amarawd the first began his Reign there A. C. 877. and Llewellin the last of all the Brittish Kings was slain in Battel Ann. Chr. 1282. Long. 15. 20. Lat. 53. 10. Abergavenny in Latin Gobannium a Town in the County of Monmouth in Wales It belonged to the Silures when the Romans conquered them it is fortified with a Wall and Castle and seated where the Vske and Gevenny meet It was erected into a Barony which in 1685. was possessed by George Nevil Lord Abergavenny first Baron of England Abernethy a Town on the River Tay in Strathern in Scotland anciently the Seat of the Kings of the Picts and since a Bishops Sea is now removed to S. Andrews where we shall speak further of it Abia and Abiamu a great River in Zagathay coming into the Caspian-Sea on the East side the Oxus of the Antients The former Name denoting the upper part and the latter the lower part thereof Abilene a Territory of Judaea so named from Abila the chief Town thereof the Tetrarchate of Lysanias mentioned Luke iii. 1. Abington a Corporation in Barkshire on the Thames between Oxford and Wallingford garison'd for the Parliament against Charles the First in 1644. which proved a great Inconvenience to that Prince It stands about 5 Miles South of Oxford The Right Honorable James Bertie was created Earl of this place November 30. 1682. by Charles II. Abissinia see Aethiopia Abiz Jatrus Ischar a small River of Bulgaria which falls into the Danube a little below Nicopolis Ablon a little Town with a Castle about 3 Leagues from Paris where the Protestants were for some time allow'd the Exercise of their Religion till they had a Church at Charenton Abo the Capital City of Finland under the Arch-Bishop of Vpsal upon the River Aviaroki in South Finland near the Shoars of the Baltick Sea 25 German Miles from Revel to the North-West and 31 from Stockholme to the North-East Longit. 45. Latit 63. This City was well nigh burnt to the ground in 1678. Abocharana a Town in Arabia the Happy situate on a high Mountain the Passage to which is for seven Miles so strait that not above two Men can go abrest Here the Grand Seignior keeps his Treasure Aboras or Chaborras a River in Mesopotamia sometimes call'd Giulap Aborigines were the most antient People of Latium the Seat of the first Original Romans they are mentioned by Tacitus Annal. 11. as one of the first Nations in Italy which received Letters from Evander the Arcadian They are supposed to have been the first People which entred Italy after the Flood The Word is generally used to signifie the first Inhabitants of any Country of whose Original no account can be given Aboy a Market Town in East Meath in the Kingdom of Ireland Abrener a City of Armenia the Greater See Abara Abreoios otherwise Baxos de Babueca certain Rocks near the Island of Hispaniola so called by the Spaniards because of the great danger of them their Name signifying Open your Eyes Abrolhos a litte Isle with a Ridge of Rocks near the Shore of Brasil for the same reason thus call'd by the Portuguese as those aforenam'd by the Spaniards Abruckbanya Aurariarum a Town in Transylvania Abruzzo called by the Romans Aprutium is a Province of the Kingdom of Naples it is bounded on the East with Apulia now Puglia on the West with Marca Anconitana on the North with the Adriatick Sea and on the South with the Apennine it was anciently the Seat of the Piceni and the Samnites which latter People by their Valor put the conquering Romans to the last refuge of chusing a Dictator four times and afforded them the Honor of XXX Triumphs Their last was in 481. year of Rome 270 years before our
into all parts of America and most other parts of the World tho no where nam'd before the Year 1063. Robert Bishop of Constance a Seditious Man first Wall'd it in the Reign of William Rufus against that King It has a Stone Bridge with Houses built on both sides of it over the River And also a Castle in which King Stephen was kept a Prisoner some time after he had in vain besieg'd it The Bishops See was Founded by Henry VIII and made Suffragan to the Archbishop of Canterbury In the beginning of the Rebellions against Charles I. it sided with the Parliament and was on that account besieg'd by Prince Rupert July 24. 1643. who took it in two days under whom it continued till September 10. 1645. when it was surrendred to Fairfax the Parliaments General It was preserved from falling into the hands of the late Duke of Monmouth by the Vigilance of the Duke of Beaufort who was Lord Lieutenant of this City and its County Britain See England New Britain a Country in the Northern America between Hudson's Bay and New France discover'd nam'd and possess'd by the English Formerly call'd Estoiteland See Estoiteland British Sea Mare Britannicum by the French call'd la Manche is the known Sea betwixt England and France Extending according to Pomponius Mela to the Islands of Sain and Osismiens that is to the Diocese of Treguier in Bretagne Brive-la-Gaillarde Briva Curretia a Town in the Province of Limosin in France upon the River Coureze 2 or 3 Leagues from Tulles Gombaud Ballomer natural Son to Clotaire I. King of France was here Crown'd after the death of Chilperick I. Not a large Place but situated to its commendation Brixen Brixinio an Episcopal City in the County of Tirol in Germany under the Archbishop of Saltzburg Heretofore a Free Imperial City but now exempted It lies at the Foot of the Mountain Bruneck upon the River Eysach where it receives another River call'd the Riencz not far from Siben a ruin'd City out of which it sprang It lies not above 2 Miles from the Confines of the Dominions of the State of Venice and 13 from Trent In the year 1080. the Emperour Henry IV. presided over a Council here of 30 Bishops of his Party who all subscribing to his resentments of the Excommunication and Degradation pronounced against him by Pope Gregory VII deposed the said Pope elected Guibert Archbishop of Ravenna who took the Name of Clement III. to succeed him in the Chair of Rome and Voted that the Emperour should carry his Arms into Italy to put their Decrees in execution Brocalo a Kingdom of Nigritia in Africa Brockersberg a Mountain between Thuringen and Franconia Brockmerlandt a Territory in Friseland Brod a small Town in Bosnia upon the Save famous for the Victory which Prince Louis of Baden obtain'd near it over the Bassa of Bosnia Sept. 5. 1688. whereby the Turks pro illa vice lost that whole Country Broitzchia a Town in the Kingdom of Guzurate in the hither East-Indies 12 Leagues from Surate under the great Mogul Bromley a Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Ravensburn Here there is a College for 20 Clergymen's poor Widows founded by Dr. Warner The Seat of the Bishop of Rochester stands by it Bromley Abbots a Market-Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill Bromes-Grove a Market-Town in Worcestershire in the Hundred of Halfshire upon the Banks of the River Salwarp Bromyard a Market-Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Brocash Bronchorst a Town in the Province of Guelderland upon the Issel very near Zutphen It gives the Title of an Earl Bronsbroo Bronsbroa a Town of the Kingdom of Sweden in the Province of Ostrogothia where the Crowns of Sweden and Denmark held a Treaty of Peace in the Year 1645. Brough a Market-Town in VVestmorland in East Ward Broughton a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Loynsdale Brouage one of the fairest and strongest Forts in all France in Xaintonge not far from Burdeaux Brower a Name given by Brower a Dutchman to the Streights discovered by him in 1643. towards the Island of Statenland in the Sea of Magellan in America Browershaven a Town and Port in the Island of Schowen in Zeland â— Leagues from Ziriczee Rich and Populous Bruca Pantagia a River of Sicily Brucomat Brucomagus a Town in Alsatia Bruges Bruga a City in Flanders call'd by the Dutch Brugg which was made a Bishops See by Paul IV. under the Archbishop of Mechlin a large beautiful well traded Town and has its name from the multitude of Bridges in it being seated on a knot of Dikes 8 Miles from Gant to the West and 3 from Ostend to the East This is under the Spaniards and is one of the best they have left being 4 Miles in Circuit wonderfully well Peopled and once exceeding rich They reckon 60 handsom Churches in it Brugneto Brunetum a City in the State of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Genoua at the Foot of the Apennine 50 Miles from Genoua to the East of little compass thinly inhabited and ill built Bruno Prilis a Lake and small River in the Territories belonging to Siena once a Commonwealth in Italy now a part of the Dukedom of Florence 8 Miles from the City of Grosseto to the South-West Brunsberg Brunsberga is a Royal City belonging to the Kingdom of Poland in Prusia but some years since mortgag'd to the Duke of Brandenburg seated upon the great Bay call'd Frish Haff on the West side of the River Passerg 8 Miles from Margenberg to the East and the same distance from Koningsperg to the West Brunsbuttel a small Town in the Dukedom of Holstein in Germany towards the Mouth of the Elb under the King of Denmark 2 or 3 Leagues from Glukstat Brunswick Brunopolis Brunonis Vicus is a City and Dukedom in Germany the Dukedom is a part of the Dukedom of Saxony bounded on the East with the Earldom of Mansfield on the West with Westphalia on the North with Lunenburgh and on the South with Hassia This Dukedom takes its name from Brunswick the principal City in it which lies upon the River Onacra and was a Free Imperial City or Hanse Town the Metropolis of the antient Saxony a rich strong populous City or rather five Cities under one Law and within one Wall which is 8 English Miles in compass built by Bruno Duke of Saxony in 861. and from him it had its name It fell into the hands of the Duke in 1671. and is now under their Dominion it has a Castle lately built and well fortified since which time it is much decay'd This City embrac'd the Reformation in 1522. and Professeth the Augustan Confession as all the rest of that Dukedom doth It lies 20 Miles from Hamburg to the North upon the River Oker Brussel Bruxella the chief City and Seat of the antient Dukes of Brabant and after that of the Dukes of Burgundy as it is at this day the
composing in conjunction with Tangier a Bishoprick under the Arch-Bishop of Lisbonne Ceylan see Zeilan Chablais a small Province of Savoy North of the Lake of Geneva with the Province of Velay to the the East Fousigny to the South and Genevois to the West being part of the Country of the ancient Andates or Nandates and the Veragrii mention'd by Caesar The Romans call'd it Provincia Equestris and Caballica from their breeding up of Horses in it whence Chablais comes to be formed by a Corruption The famous St. Francis de Sales taking great pains to reduce the Calvinists here to their old Religion again carries therefore the Name of the Apostle of Chablais Chabli a Town in the Tract of Senonnois in France towards Auxerre and Tonnere made remarkable in 841. by a bloody Battle fought at Fontenay near it betwixt the Children of Lewis the Debonnaire Now for good Wine Chabria or Cilabro Chiabrius a River of Macedonia falling into the Thermaicus Sinus or the Gulph of Salonichi betwixt Cassandria and Salonichi Chaeronea is a City of Boeotia upon the River Cephissus on the Eastern side of Mount Helicon North-West of Athens memorable for the Ruine of the Grecian Liberty in the Defeat of the Athenian Forces by Philip of Macedonia A. M. 3612. and also for the Birth of Plutarch Now not inhabited but the Ruines are known by the former name Chagford a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Wonford Chagra a River between the South and North of America upon which the Merchandises bound for Panama and Peru do pass The Mouth of it on the North Sea being guarded by a Spanish Fort. It is thought a communication might easily be made between the two Seas by the means of this especially with other Rivers that fall into the Pacifick A Town of the same Name with it stands upon its Banks In 1670. the English Bucaniers went up it in their Canoes to plunder Panama Chaibar a River in Arabia which ariseth twenty five German Miles West of Jamama the Capital of Arabia and passing by Chaibar and Tajef falls into Eda According to some judgments this is the Chobar of the Prophet Ezekiel Chalcedon a City of the Lesser Asia in Bithynia which was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and of great Antiquity much celebrated in ancient History but now reduced to the meanness of a poor Village call'd by the Turks Calcitinâ— it stands on the Mouth of the Propontis over against Constantinople Some believe that Scutaret is grown out of the Ruines of this City This City is particularly remarkable on the account of the fourth General Council here celebrated in 451. In which it had the honour to be advanced to the Title of a Metropolitan Church According to Strabo and Eusebius this City was built in the sixty ninth year of Rome that is 685. before Christ Longitude 56. 15. Lat. 43. 15. Chalcis the ancient Name of the Island and Town of Negropont § Also a Town in Aetolia in Greece with another in Syria occurring in the Writings of the Ancients but now unknown Chaldaea and Chaldei See Curdistan Chalons sur Marne Civitas Catalaunorum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rheimes in the middle of Champagne upon the River Marne seven Miles from Rheimes to the South-East and twelve from Troyes to the North-West It is well fortified and built standing in a large Plain in which Attila lost 200000. men in a Battle with Aetius the General of the Romans Meroveus King of France and Theodorick in the year 451. The Bishops are Earls and Peers of France Chalons sur Sone Cabillonum Cabillo Aeduorum a City and Bishoprick upon the Sone in Burgundy in France 15 Leagues from Dijon to the South and the same distance from Thoulon to the West The Bishoprick is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Lyons There are numbers of Inscriptions Vessels Statues and the Reliques of ancient publick Buildings to be seen here In 1562. the Huguenots made themselves Masters of it It has been new fortified since gives the Title of an Earl and is the Capital of a little Territory called Chalonnois or la Bresse Chalonnois Chalus or Chaslus Castrum Lucis a Town in the Province of Limosin in France towards the Borders of Perigord betwixt S. Hirier and Limoges Richard I. King of England dyed of the Wound of an Arrow that he received at the Siege of the Castle of this place then belonging to Widomare Viscount of Limoges in 1199. The occasion of which Siege see in Daniel's Life of Richard I. Chamb Chambum a small Town and Territory in the Vpper Palatinate upon the River Regen seven Miles East of Regenspurgh something more than five Miles North of Straubing This Town with the Territory annexed makes an Earldom which belonged heretofore to the Count Palatine of the Rhine but by the Treaty of Westphalia was given to the Duke of Bavaria who to this day enjoys it Chambery Civaro Chamberiacum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Savoy and the Seat of the Parliament of that Dukedom It stands upon the River Laise in a Plain ten Miles from Grenoble to the North-East well built and beautified and defended with a good Castle Chambray see Cambray Chamen Vrbs Chamavorum a City of Westphalia Champagne Campagnia a great rich fruitful populous Province in France bounded by Lorain to the East the Low-Countries to the North Picardy la Brie and the Isle of France to the West and Burgundy to the South The Earl of this County being an Earl Palatine was always one of the twelve ancient Peers of France It is watered or bounded by six of the greater Rivers of France viz. the Seine the Aulde the Marne the Vere the Meuse and the Vannes The Principal Cities are Chaumont Rheimes c. Amongst which there are four Episcopal and two Archiepiscopal See Champ Arrein a small Town near Bourdeaux where Charles the Great defeated the Goths Chanad a City of Hungary See Gyngisch Changcheu two populous and Large Cities in China with Territories of the same name belonging to them having Jurisdiction the one in the Province of Fokien near the Sea oveâ— Nine the other in the Province of Nanking over Four Cities The first is watered by the River Chanâ—s the latter by the Kiang and adorned with divers triumphant Arches Changte two great Cities and Territories adjacent in China having under their Resort the one in the Province of Honan six the second in the Province of Huquang three Cities This last excels the fertility of the other Changâ—a a great City and Territory having Jurisdiction over ten Cities in the Province of Huquang in China watered with divers Rivers and Lakes The Mountain call'd Jumo yielding great quanties of Isinglass stands here Chanry or Chanonry a fine Town and Port on the Eastern Shoar of Scotland in the County of Ross on the North of Murray Fyrth Chantilly a beautiful and ancient Seat belonging to the Prince of Conde eight
another River Iberus which is apprehended to be the same with that the Moderns call Rio Tinto Ebudae Hebudes Hebrides Aebudae five small Islands to the West of the Kingdom of Scotland now more commonly thence called the VVestern Isles They have the honour to constitute a Bishoprick under the Archbishoprick of Glascow Eburones Eburonices Aulerici Eburiaci and Eburovices an ancient People of Gallia Celtica dwelling at and about the modern Eureux in Normandy and the Diocese of Liege taken in its former Latitude Ebusus See Ivica Ecbatana the Capital City of the Kingdom of the ancient Medes apprehended to be the same with the Modern Casbin or else Tauris of Persia See Casbin Hani and Tauris King Cambyses died here in the year of the World 3532. Parmenion by the order of Alexander Magnus was killed in 3725. and the alter Alexander Hephaestion buried here in 3728. with so much Funeral Pomp as amounted to twelve thousand Talents § There was another ancient Ecbatana in Phoenicia towards Mount Carmel Eccleshal a Market-Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill Ecija Astigi Astygi a City of the Kingdom of Andalusia in Spain called by Pliny Augusta Firma upon the River Xenil over which it hath a Bridge eight Miles from Cordova to the South and fourteen from Sevil to the North. This was anciently a Bishops See but now a part of the Diocese of Sevil and at this time one of the best Cities in Andaluzia recovered from the Moors in 1239. L'Ecluse See Sluys Eda Baetius a River in Arabia Foelix which springing out of the Mountains of Ghazuan Bengebres watereth Harsan and a little below Tajef takes in the River Chaibar then by passing by Badid Almortasse Baisat and Mecca it falls into the Red Sea at Ziden or Giodda over against Suaquem in Africa Edel Rha. See Wolgha Eden the Garden of Paradise described Gen. 2. 3. to be planted by the Divine hand at the head of a River which afterwards breaking into four Currents produces the Rivers Pison Geichon Hiddekel and Euphrates from whence they conjecture this Garden to have had its place in the Country about Mesopotamia in Asia Not but that the circumstances of the Guardian Cherubims and a Flaming Sword invisible the Fruit-Trees of Life and Knowledge the Serpents talking with Humane Voice and by an easie fallacy trepanning of his Lord into a condition of entailing Curses upon posterity unborn c. have administred apprehensions to the Curious of this History's being either an Hypothesis of the Writer or an Allegory § Eden Ituna a River of England which ariseth from Huseat Movel-Hill in Yorkshire It passeth Pendragon Castle Kirby Steven Appleby and at Hornbey takes in the River Eimot and entereth Cumberland out of VVestmâ—rland running Northward it passeth Corby Castle and VVarwick then turning West it watereth Carlisse taking in Petterel and Canda one above the other beneath that City also the Irthing which falleth by Brampton and Kirksop the Boundary of England and Scotland so falleth by the Bay of Itune or Eden into the Irish Sea between Anand Castle in Scotland and Boulnesse in England Eder Adrana Aeder a River of Germany which ariseth in the Vpper Hassia and flowing through the Earldom of VValdeck watereth Franekenberg VValdeck and two Miles above Cassel to the North falls into the River Fuld Edernay Hadrianopolis See Adrianople Edessa See Rhoa Edgware a small Market Town in the County of Middlesex in the Hundred of Gore Edinburgh Agneda Edenburgum is the Capital City of the Kingdom of Scotland and Seat of the Kings of that Nation It stands in the South part of Scotland in the County of Lothaine anciently called CASTRVM ALATVM and Edenburroth signifies the same thing for Aidan in the Welsh is Wing it stands on a high Ground in an healthful Air a fruitful Soil watered by many excellent Springs in length from East to West a Mile the breadth something less the Walls strong the publick and private Buildings Magnificent full of People and has a competent Trade by the advantage of the Port of Leith not far from it At the East end is the Royal Palace by it a fine Park and not far off a strong Castle upon a Rock As the variety of the Fortune of War changed this City fell sometimes into the hands of the English and at others of the Scots till 960. when the last prevailed by the means of the Danish Irruptions September 14. 1650. after the Battel of Dunbar the Castle was delivered into hands of the English who kept it till the Restitution of Charles II. And June 13. 1689. the Duke of Gourdon surrendred the same to K. William's Forces under Sir John Lanier upon Conditions for the Garrison only For as to his own Interest he submitted himself to K. William's discretion It lies in Long. 16. 00. Lat. 56. 15. § The Fyrth of Edinburgh is one of the greatest Bays in Scotland on the North it has Fife on the South Sterling and Lothaine and several of the principal Cities of this Kingdom stand about it or near to it Edge-Hill a place in VVarwickshire near Kyneneton seven Miles South of VVarwick where on Sunday October 23. 1642. was fought the first Battel between Charles I. and the Parliamentarians under the Earl of Essex The Earl of Lindsey Commander of the King's Battalia and General of the Field was slain and the Standard taken but retaken by Sir John Smyth who after the Fight was made a Knight Banneret The King had in this first Battel clearly the advantage and opened his way to Oxford and London and the next day took Banbury whereas Essex retreated first to VVarwick then to Coventry and left both the Field and the Passes Edom. See Idumaea Efeso See Ephesus Ega a River in Spain it ariseth in Aalva in Biscay and flowing through the Kingdom of Navarr watereth Stella and Villa Tuercta and between Calahorra and Villafranca falls on the North into the Ebro Egates or Aegates a knot of Islands in the Sicilian Sea over against the Promontory of Drepanum in Sicily to the West They are memorable for the Naval Victory obtained here by C. Lutatius Catulus the Roman Consul over the Carthaginians wherein seventy of their Vessels being taken and fifty sunk a Peace by them desired was concluded upon condition they should quit all their pretensions to the Islands betwixt Italy and Africa with which the first Punick War ended in the year of Rome 513. i. e. 241. before Christ See Gotham Egaean Sea See Archipelago Eger and Etlaw See Agria Eger Egra and Oegra a strong Town in the Kingdom of Bohemia upon a River of its own Name towards the Frontiers of Franconia in Germany It was the Seat of the ancient Narisci according to Thuanus and became first a dependent of the Crown of Bohemia by Mortgage in 1315. In the German Wars often besieged Those of the Country call it Heb or Cheb Egers Aegiricius Egericius commonly called Gers a River of France in the
of Edessa at first but afterwards it became the Metropolis it self Seated in the Province of Diarbeck near the River Chabor forty Miles from Edessa sixty from Euphrates to the East The Tartars under Tamberlane treated this City with great Cruelty since that it has been in a declining condition and now not much inhabited It is mentioned several times in the Holy Scriptures upon the account of Abraham's sojourning and burying his Father Terah here before he went into the Land of Canaan Gen. 11. 31. Acts 7. 4. in which last place it is called Charran in Mesopotamia And by Pliny and Ptolemy Charrae It s Long. is 73. 20. Lat. 36. 10. Heresbach a Town in the Diocese of Cleves in Germany Heri Aria a Province in Persia in Asia more commonly called Hera or Herat it has a City and a River of the same Name This River in the later Maps called Pulimoilon riseth out of the Mountains of Cassubi and washing the Walls of this City on all sides it standing in an Island falls into the Lake of Burgian The City is called Ser-heri in Long. 100. 13. and Lat 36. 20. Ninety German Miles West of Candahar one hundred and twenty South-East of the Caspian The Roses of this Province are thought the best in the World The Province of Heri is a part of that of Chorasan which is one of the most rich fertile and populous Provinces in all Persia In the City of Heri are made the best Persian Tapestries on which and other accounts it is much frequented by the Indians who must pass through it in their way to Persia See Olearius his Travels Herit Adramitae a Province in Arabia the happy Herma or Erma a City of Galatia called Germa or Therma by the ancient Geographers and now sometimes Germaste It stands in the Confines of Bithynia and Phrygia upon the River Sagarium Sacrio where it falls into the Casilirnach which falls into the Euxine Sea at Cagani twenty one German Miles East of Scutari This City is placed thirty six German Miles East of Bursia Now an Archbishop's See Long. 60. 10. Lat. 42. 25. Hermanstad Cibinium a City in Transylvania commonly by the Inhabitants called Seben and Zeben by the Italians Cibinio by the Germans Hermanstad The Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Prince a great populous strong well-built City seated in a Plain upon the River Cibinium Cibin which a little lower falls into the Aluta The Inhabitants are Saxons it stands fifteen Miles from Clausemberg to the East and eight from Alba Julia. A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza though there is now no Bishop of it The late Duke of Lorrain of famous Memory in November 1687. put into this place a Garrison of three thousand Imperialists by the agreement of Prince Abafti then Prince of Transylvania to enjoy the same for their Winter Quarters Hermanstein or Erenbreitstein Eremberti lapis a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trier in Germany upon the Rhine near its Confluence with the Moselle standing on a Rock that is on all sides inaccessible which makes it one of the strongest in Germany It sustained a long Siege in the year 1637. and could only at last be taken by Famine Hermanville a place near Calais in France Herndall Herndalia a part of Norway on this side the Mountains of Norway by the Province of Jemplandt on which depends Nomedale Hellegelandt Frostein Inder Heroa and some others which together with it were yielded to the Swedes in 1645. by the Danes Herou Heropolis a City of Egypt near the bottom of the Red Sea ninety miles from Damiata to the South-East about thirty five English Miles from Sues to the West and sixty from the next Shoar of the Mediterranean to the South Mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy It s Long. 63. 30. Lat. 29. 50. Herstal Heristel or Haristal a Town upon the Maes near Liege in Westphalia adorned heretofore with a magnificent Palace built by Pepin King of France who resided so frequently at it that in the French History he is sirnamed Pepin of Heristel This Palace was afterwards destroyed by the Normans Hersteld a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Weser belonging to the Bishops of Paderborne since the year 1608. The People of Paderborne conspiring once against their Bishop the Episcopal See was removed from Paderborne hither which was re-established at Paderborne again in 799. Charles the Great also resided here some considerable time Hertford Durocobriva a Town in a County of the same name in the South of England upon the River Lea or Ligean as the Saxons called it which runs through it In 607. here was a Synod Now saith Mr. Cambden it is not very populous yet for its Antiquity it deserves-regard It has given Name to this County and is reputed the Shire-Town It has a Castle built as some think by Edward the Elder enlarged by the Family De Clare to whom it belonged as Earls of Hertford in the times of Henry II. and King Stephen Afterwards it belonged to the Crown Edward III. granted it to John of Gaunt his Son then Earl of Richmond and after Duke of Lancaster Hertfordshire Herfordiae Comitatus Cattieuchlani hath on the North Cambridgeshire on the West Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South Middlesex and on the East Essex it is very fruitful as to Corn and Pasture has plenty of Woods and Groves and for great Towns and Rivers it may vye with most Counties in England considering its bigness This County had first for Earls or Marquesses the Family De Clare who for seven Descents between 1139. and 1314. enjoyed this Title Being extinguished Henry VIII in 1537. created Edward Seymour Viscount Beauchamp Earl of Hertford who afterward in 1551. was made Duke of Sommerset being the fourteenth Earl and seventh of his Family who hath born this amongst other Titles of Honour Hertogenraiad Rodia Ducis a Town in Holland Hertzogthumb in the High Dutch signifies a Dukedom and is frequently used by them So Hertzogthumb Bremen is the Dukedom of Bremen Hertzogthumb Ferden is the Dukedom of Ferden Heruli an ancient People of the Country now called the Dukedom of Meckleburg in the Lower Saxony in Germany towards the Baltick Sea who established themselves in Italy in the fifth Century and were of the number of those Barbarians that formed their States upon the ruin of the Roman Empire Odoacer their King dispossessed Augustulus in the year 476. and having reigned about seventeen years he was slain by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths The Emperor Justinian granted them Lands to cultivate whereupon they not only gave themselves entirely to him but became Christians and Gethesius their King was baptized in 528. Till this Conversion their Customs were to offer Men in Sacrifices to their Gods to kill the sick and aged to oblige Wives not to survive their Husbands and to indulge themselves in every voluptuousness Hervorden Hervordia a City in VVestphalia in the County of
given of it by Monsieur Thevenot who saw it himself Famous moreover to all posterity for the Children of Israel's passing it on dry ground at their entrance into Canaan and the Prophet Elijah's doing the same in company with Elisha Our Saviour received Baptism here from the hands of S. John near to which particular place the Christians built a Monastery that is now in ruins The Pilgrims delight to bathe in this River fancying the Water sanative from the virtue of that Sacred Contact It overflows in Summer with the melted Snow from Mount Libanus But in the Winter runs a low Water and after its Current into the Dead Sea it is clear without mixture for above a League together issuing thence by a subterraneous Channel into the Mediterranean Ioyeuse Gaudiosa a Town in France in the Province of Vivarais towards the Borders of Languedoc honoured by being first a Viscounty next a Dutchy and giving Name to a Noble Family Ipepa Hypaepa a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia between Mount Tmolus and the River Caystro not far from Thyatira It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesâ—s Ipre See Yperen Iprichia the same with Africa Ips Ipsium and Ibissa a Town in Austria Ipsala Cypsella a City in Thrace by the River Mela at first a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trajanopoli or Zernis afterwards it became the Metropolis It lies between this City to the West twenty nine Miles and Drusilaba to the North-East twenty six Miles the River in our latter Maps is called Larissa and falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Lembro just behind that Peninsula which makes the Dardanels straight Ipswich Gippo-vicus the County Town of Suffolk heretofore called Gippwich seated on the North side of the River Stour upon the foot of a steep Hill in somewhat a low Ground it has a commodious Haven and was heretofore a place of great Trade with many wealthy Merchants in it and a vast number of other people but now decayed as to both It was also formerly fortified with Trenches and Rampires the loss of which is not to be lamented the Town being so seated that it can never be made a place of Defence the Hills on all sides but the South and South-East commanding it It has fourteen Parish Churches and a great many goodly Houses the tokens of its former Wealth In 991. the Danes sacked it and nine years after repeated their Cruelty upon it In the Reign of S. Edward it had eight hundred Burgesses who paid Custom to the King There was also a Castle built here by the Normans which Hugh Bigod Earl of Norfolk defended against the Usurper King Stephen but was forced to surrender at last the ruins are now lost Mr. Cambden supposeth it to have been demolished by Henry II. when he did the same by Waleton Castle not far off Here landed the three thousand Flemings which the Nobility called in against Henry II. when his Son rebelled against him In the late Rebellion this Town stood clear of all those Calamities which involved the rest of the Nation The Bishop of Norwich hath a House here and the Viscount of Hereford another befitting his degree and quality The Honourable Henry Fitz-Roy Duke of Grafton was created Viscount Ipswich Aug. 16. 1672. who died of the Wounds that he received in the Service of King William before Cork Octob. 9. 1690. This Town is also a Corporation and sends two Burgesses to the Parliament It has a Free-School with the convenience of a good Library and a Hospital Cardinal Wolsey was born here and began the building of a stately College which bears his Name to this day Ireland Hibernia Ivernia is a great fruitful and noble Island on the West of Great Britain accounted in ancient time for greatness and glory the third Island of the World and called then the Lesser Britain Orpheus Aristotle and Claudian call it Ierna Juvenal Mela Juverna Diodorus Siculus Iris. Others Jovernia Overnia and Burnia The Natives Erin The Welsh Yuerdon The English Ireland It is three hundred Miles long and two hundred broad on the East it has the tempestuous Irish Sea between it and Great Britain on the West the Vergivian Ocean on the North the Deucalidonian Sea and on the South the British Ocean Divided into four Provinces Leinster Mounster Vlster and Connaught which heretofore sustained the Title of as many Kingdoms comprehending in all thirty Counties four Archbishopricks and twelve Bishopricks The Country is full of Woods Hills and Bogs The Soil rich and fruitful especially as to Grass Pomponius Mela in the times of the Emperour Claudius gives the very same character of it and therefore it has ever abounded in Cattle which is its most Staple Commodity The principal Rivers are the Shannon the Sewer the Barow the Black-Water the Shour the Neure the Boyne the Leffy c. The Capital City heretofore Armagh now Dublin The Air is at all times temperate but too moist to be at all times pleasant or wholsome The Romans in all probability never had any footing in this Island This Nation was converted to Christianity in the fifth Century by Palladius and S. Patrick especially the latter who planted not only Religion but so much Learning too amongst them that in the next Age the Monks of Ireland were eminent for Holiness and Learning and Ireland thence called Insula Sanctorum an Island of Saints In 694. Egfrid King of Northumberland first entered and destroyed this Nation with Fire and Sword after this the Danes for thirty years together wasted and destroyed them After these the Germans After them Edgar the most powerful King of England conquered a great part of Ireland And when by Massacres and other Accidents the Irish were freed from all these Calamities there ensued Domestick Broils among themselves In 1155. Henry II. being called in by the Natives resolved on the Conquest of them whereupon Richard Strongbow Earl of Pembroke began it in 1172. Henry II. in Person entered Ireland and taking upon him the Stile of Sovereign Lord of Ireland the States and all the petty Kings submitted to him and passed over all their Rule and Power which was confirmed by Pope Hadrian The Kings of England continued the Title of Lords of Ireland till the Reign of Henry VIII who took first upon him the Stile and Title of King of Ireland in 1541. which was confirmed to Mary his Daughter by Pope Paul IV. in 1555. The Irish have ever looked upon this Conquest as a Wrong and an Usurpation which no Act of theirs nor Time it self could make valid Hence when ever England has been imbroiled they have taken the opportunity of Revolting In the Reign of Edward I. when that Prince was engaged against the Scots one Donald O-Neal stiled himself King of Ulster and in Right of Inheritance the undoubted Heir of all Ireland But when in the Reign of Henry VIII the pretence of Religion was added first the Earl of Kildare rebelled
the Hundred of Finsbury of which the Earl of Warwick bears the Title of Baron Kent Cantium is the most South-Eastern County of England on the North it is bounded by the Thames which parts it from Essex on the East and South it has the British Sea in part on the North and on the West it has Sussex and Surrey It is in length from East to West fifty Miles and from South to North twenty six Divided into five Lathes Sutton Aylesford Soray St. Augustine and Shepway wherein are four hundred and eight Parishes and thirty Market Towns That part which lieth towards the Thames is healthful but not fruitful the middle parts are both the Southern are very fruitful but not healthful The Thames the Medway the Stower the Tun and the Rother besides lesser Streams water it Some give this Character of it The Weald for Wood East Kent for Corn Rumney for Meadow Tenham for an Orchard Shepey and Reculver for Wheat Thanet for Barley and Hedcorn for Capons This Country was first conquered by Julius Caesar though not without Resistance in the years of Rome 696. and 698. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour being forced to a double Expedition against almost this single County As he began the Conquest of Britain here so did the Saxons Hengist erecting the Kingdom of Kent in the year of Christ 456. seven years after the first arrival of the Saxons Against the Danes the Kentish men did also great things and with much Courage and Patience repelled those Barbarous People When William the Conquerour had subdued all the rest of the Nation he was glad to come to a Composition with the Inhabitants of this County and to grant them their ancient Liberties and Customs Whence the Laws of Gavelkind obtain here to this day This County was also the first that imbraced the Christian Religion from Augustine the Monk in the year 568. Accordingly Canterbury is justly the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom of England as having been the first Fountain from whence the Christian Religion spread it self amongst the Saxons for as for the British or Welsh they had imbraced Christianity long before VVilliam the Conquerour in 1067. created Odo Bishop of Bajeux his half Brother Lord Chief Justice and Lord Treasurer of England Earl of Kent In 1465. Edward IV. created Edmund Grey Lord Ruthyn Lord Treasurer of England which Family still injoys this Honour Anthony II. the present Earl of Kent being the eleventh in this Succession Besides the Sea of Canterbury this County injoys a second Bishoprick which is Rochester and a great many populous rich Towns fafe Roads large and secure Harbours for Ships and whatever else is desirable in Human Life except a more serene Air. Kerci or Chierche Cercum a small Town at the Mouth of the Streights of Caffa upon the Euxine Sea belonging to the Precopensian Tartars Kerez See Keureuz Keriog a River in Shropshire which falls into the Dee above Bangor Kerka or Karka Titius a River of Dalmatia which washeth Sardona and Sebenico then falls into the Adriatick Sea eight German Miles North of Spalatro Kermen Germia a considerable City at this day in Thrace seated not far from Adrianople the Turks have here a Sangiack Kerry a County in the Province of Munster on the Vergivian or Western Ocean between the County of Clare to the North and the County of Cork to the South and East the Capital of which is Ardart Keschidag Olympius a Mountain of Misia in the Lesser Asia Kesmarckt or Keysermarkt Caesaropolis a Town of the Vpper Hungary at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains towards the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Keswick a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Hundred of Allerdale near to which Black Lead is digged up in plenty It standeth in a Valley environed with Hills and has been formerly a famous Town for Copper Mines Kesâ—el or Cassel Castellum Menapiorum a Town in Brabant two Leagues beneath Roermond to the North between the Maes to the East and the Peel to the West seated upon the River Neerse which a little lower falls into the Maes Kettering a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Huxton upon a Rivulet which falls into the Nen delightfully seated on an Ascent It has a Sessions-House for the Justices of Peace of the County Keureuz Keres Krais Chrysius Cusus a River of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Western Borders of Transylvania near Feltat and watering Giula a little above receiveth another Branch called by the same Name which passeth by Great Waradin both which Rivers being united fall into the Tibiscus or Tyesse at Czongrodt above Segedin One of these is called by the Germans Fekykeres which goes to Giula the other Sebeskeres Feky signifying White and Sebes Black Kexholm Kexholmia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland which was heretofore under the Russ but conquered by the Swedes in 1617. It is the most South-Eastern part of Finland The Capital of this Province is Kexholm seated upon the Banks of the River Voxen near to the Western Shoar of the Lake of Ladoga which together with the Castle which is very strong was taken by Monsieur Pont de la Gardie a French Gentleman from the Russ in 1580. The year following this Gentleman took Narva and several other strong places for the Swedes from the Moscovites and was at last drowned in the River of Narva Keyserstul Forum Tiberii a small Town in Switzerland upon the Rhine over which it has a Bridge It lies in the County of Baden nine German Miles from Basil to the West and Constance to the East and belongs to the Bishop of Constance but is subject to the Canton of Zurick Kidwelly a Market Town in Caermarthenshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Khoemus Margiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia See Margiana Kherman Kermoen Kermon or Kirman Carmania or Caramania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia with a City of the same Name Kiburgh a Castle in the Canton of Zurich upon the River Toss two Miles from Zurich to the East the Earls of which were heretofore of great Name This Castle was purchased by them of Zurich in 1452. Kiel or Kil Chilonium a City in the Dukedom of Holstein under the Duke of Holstein upon the Mouth of the River Swentin having a convenient Port upon the Baltick Sea much frequented by Merchants Ships there belongs to it a Castle seated on a Hill and an University opened here in 1665. The Convention of the States of Holstein are usually held here This City stands nine German Miles from Lubeck to the North ten from Flensborg to the South and tho very well fortified has of late suffered very much from the Swedes Kiengara See Gangra Kienning a great City of the Province of Fokien in China and the Capital of a Territory of its own Name commanding six other Cities It is adorned with a magnificent Pagod or
Centre of the County to which it gives name large well built and populous extending from the top of a high Hill where Lindum the old Roman Town stood its Ditches and Rampier being still visible a great way downwards unto the River In this Town the Valiant Britain Vortimer died in 456 being Poysoned by Rowena the Daughter of Hengist and Wife of Vortiger The Saxons after this ruined Lindum and built Lincoln nearer the River about the times when Paulinus first Preached the Christian Faith to them The Danes destroyed it twice In the time of Edward the Confessor here was one thousand and seventy Mansions In the Norman times no City in England was more Rich or Populous as Will. of Malmsbury acquaints us Will. the Conqueror thought fit to build here a very strong Castle upon the top of the Hill aforesaid to awe the Inhabitants Remigius Bishop of Dorchester near Oxon at the same time removed the Sea hither and built the Cathedral above the same Hill In the Reign of Edward III. it was made a Mart or Staple King Stephen was overcome and taken Prisoner near this City in 1140. Sept. 5. in a great Battel with Maud the Empress and afterwards at Bristol laid in Irons Henry III. had better success here when it being defended by the Barons against him under Prince Lewis in 1217. May 19. he took it forced Lewis to Flee to London and soon after into France Mr. Cambden observes that of fifty Churches standing within an hundred Years of his time there were only eighteen left It hath by times gone through all the calamities of Fire Sword and Earthquake Yet a large populous and well frequented place still and enjoying the greatest Diocese of any in the Kingdom as the Cathedral there called commonly the Minster is one of the stateliest Piles perhaps in Christendom It hath the privilege also of being a County Corporate whose Liberties extend about twenty Miles in compass with the title of the County of the City of Lincoln It s Long. 22. 52. Lat. 53. 12. Lincolnshire is bounded on the North by the Humber and the British Sea on the East by the same Sea and part of Norfolk on the South by Cambridge Northampton and Rutlandshire on the West by Leicester Nottingham and Yorkshire It is a very large County extending in length from North to South almost sixty Miles and carrying in some places thirty in breadth fruitful in Corn and Grass thick set with Towns and well watered with Rivers As the Humber the Trent which severs part of it from Nottinghamshire the Witham running a cross it the Woland and the Nen. The whole is divided into Lindsey to the Northward which takes up about one half Holland towards the Sea Southward and Kesteven West from thence which three divisions contain six hundred and thirty Parishes and thirty five Market Towns Here is plenty of Fowl and Fish The old Inhabitans were the Coritani The present Earl of this County is Edward Lord Clinton who succeeded in 1667 being the fifth of his Family that has born this Title and the sixteenth Earl Edward Fines Lord Clinton Lord Admiral having obtained this Honor from Qu. Elizabeth in 1565 before whose time the same title had passed through several Families by frequent interruptions Lincopen Lincopia Lingacopia a City of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Ostro-Gothia between Soderkoping to the East and Wadtena to the West twenty eight German Miles from Stockholm to the South-West and almost eight East from the Lake of Veter Long. 32. 48. Lat. 58. 3. The City is very small and inconsiderable We read of a Synod celebrated at it in 1148. under P. Eugenius III. It is also written Lindkeeping Lindaw Lindavia Lindavilum Philyra a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben in an Island in the Lake of Constance joined to the Continent by a Bridge two hundred and ninety Paces long It is an Imperial and Free City situate in the borders of Switzerland eight Miles from Constance to the North-East and grew up out of the ruins of Aeschach a place near to it Very strong both by its Site and by Art and therefore it the more easily repelled the Forces of Count Wrangel the Swedish General who in 1647. besieged it The beginning of this City was a Monastery built here by Adelbert Rorbuck a Kinsman of Charles the Great in 810. This occasioned the building of a Village and the Site being pleasant fruitful and convenient it grew up by degrees to a City at first subject to the Abbess after that to the Dukes of Schwaben obtaining its Privileges since from Rudolphus I. Frederick III. and Sigismond Lindo Lindus a Sea-Port Town in the Isle of Rhodes the Christian Inhabitants of which can bring about twenty good and large Ships into the Grand Seignior's Service Line a rivulet in Staffordshire upon which Newcastle stands thence commonly called Newcastle upon Line to distinguish it from Newcastle upon Tine Lindsey one of the three parts of the County of Lincoln containing all the Northern parts from the River Witham to the Humber and from the Ocean to Trent This was in 1626. by Charles I. made an Earldom and granted to Robert Bartie Lord Willoughby of Eresby Lord Great Chamberlain of England who died in the Bed of Honour at Edge-Hill October 23. 1642. being the King's General in that Battel The present Earl Robert Bartie the third of this Family succeeded in 1666. Lingen Lingo a strong Town in Westphalia which is the Capital of a County of the same Name under the Prince of Orange upon the River Ems forty five Miles from Munster to the North and fifty five from Emden to the South The County that belongs to it lies in the Bishoprick of Munster and is very small It belonged to the Spaniards in the time of Charles V. but is now in the hands of the Prince of Orange Linlithgo Linlithquo Lithquo Lindum a Town and a County in the South of Scotland The Town standeth on the South side of the Fyrth of Edenburgh twenty two Miles from that City to the West This Place as Mr. Cambden saith is called Lindum by Ptolemy and it takes its Name from a great Lake in this small County from which ancient the present Name is derived Linosa an Island of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Africa near Maltha It depends upon the Island of Maltha Linton a Market Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Chilford Lintz Aurelianum Lentia called by Aurelian Lyncia Lyncium and by some understood to be the Aredate of Ptolemy is the Capital City of the Vpper Austria small but populous seated upon the Danube over which it has a Bridge and in it a magnificent Castle whither the Emperors of the House of Austria have frequently retired for their Pleasure and Divertisement It stands six German Miles from Passaw to the East and twenty four from Vienna to the West Dr. Brown gives this account of
by the Arabs Hamammetha In the Year 394. a Council was held here the Canons whereof are confused amongst the Body of the Canons of the African Church Long. 36. 40. Lat. 32. 40. Majaquana one of the Luccaye Islands belonging to North America between Hispaniola to the South and Samana to the North. Maida a Principality in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples near Nicastro Maidenhead a Market Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Bray Maidstone Madus Vagniacae is a fair sweet populous Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Medway near its head from which it has this name There is a fair Stone Bridge built by the Archbishops of Canterbury over this River Edward VI. Incorporated this Town and granted it a Mayor which was taken from them in Queen Maries time for favouring Wyat's Rebellion in 1554. But Queen Elizabeth restored them to their former State In ancient times their chief Magistrate was called a Portgreve from Grave an old German word still used by the Germans in Markgrave Reingrave and Landtgrave Charles I. added another Honor to this Place when in 1628. he created Elizabeth Finch Grandmother to the late Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey late Lord Chancellor of England Viscountess of Maidstone and Countess of Winchelsey with an Entail upon her Heir Males which Honors are now possessed by Heneage Her Grandchild the Second of this Family Heneage late Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chancellor of England was another of Her Posterity This is the Town where the Assizes and Sessions are kept with which honour it has that of the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Maienne See Mayenne Majella Nicates a Mountain in Abruzzo a Province of the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara Aternus as Holstenius affirms Maillezais or Mallezais Malleaca Malleacum a small City in Poictou in France seated in a Morass made by the Rivers Seure Niortoise which falls into the Bay of Aquitain and the Hautize The ancient Earls of Poictou and Dukes of Guyenne chose it for their Residence and Founded in it an Abbey about the Year 1030. which by P. John XXII in 1317. was changed into a Bishops See but being little inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air the Bishoprick was suppressed in 1649. and the City of Rochell substituted in its place by Pope Innocent X. It stands nine Leagues from Rochell to the North-East and five from Niore to the South Long. 19. 36. Lat. 46. 21. according to the last Maps Mailly a Seigniory near Amiens in Picardy giving name to an honorable Family of that Province Maina or Maines or Braccio di Maina a City on the South of the Morea supposed to have been the ancient Leuctra or Tenarus in Laconia on the East side of the Gulph of Coron North of Cape Matapan the most South Cape of the Morea The Inhabitants are called the Mainotes and have in this present War contributed very much to the driving the Turks out of the Morea by serving in great numbers under the Venetians against them It is said it was a Common-wealth before but Coronelli in his late description of the Morea assures us it was a Fort built by the Turks upon the Ruins of Cersapolis to keep these Mainotes under who being impatient of the Turkish Slavery and extremely Warlike had betaken themselves to the Rocks and Forests and would pay no Tribute to the Turks thereupon the Turks began to build the Fort of Maina but Querini Captain of the Gulph for the Venetians in 1570. understanding their design Landed and by the help of the Mainotes took this Fort and ruined it entirely by which means the Mainotes were preserved and obliged to the Service of this State Main Amber a noted strong Rock nigh to Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwall mounted upon others of a lesser size with so equal a ponderation that it may be stirred 't is said yet not moved out of its place Maine le Maine Cenomanensis Provincia is a great and fruitful Province in France the old Inhabitants of which were the Cenomani Aulerci its greatest extent is from East to West on the North it is bounded by Normandy on the West by Bretagne This part is called the Lower Maine on the South by Anjou and on the East by Le Perche This the Vpper Maine and of the two the most fruitful and pleasant The Rivers Huisne Sarte and Mayenne water it The Principal City in it is Mans the next Mayenne Charles the second Son of Francis Duke of Guise being made Duke of Maine and after that General of the League against Henry III. and IV. of France made this Province frequently mentioned in the Histories of France of those times The Common Proverb of the People of this Province is Qu' un Manceau vaut un Norman demy One Man of Maine is worth one Norman and the half of another Main Land Pomona the Principal of the Isles of Orkney which is twenty two English Miles long and has a Town called Kirkwall on the Northern Shoar for its Capital its greatest extent is from East to West and its greatest breadth about ten Miles The Mainotes See Maina Maintez Meintez See Mentz Majorca or Mallorca Balearium insulae Palma Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastern Coast of Spain over against the Kingdom of Valencia at the distance of about sixty Miles between Minorca to the East and Yvica to the West which three Islands constituted the Kingdom of Majorca so called from this the greatest of them It s Circuit is near one hundred and ten Miles the Principal City is Mallorca Palma or Majorca which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and a flourishing University in which Raymundus Lullius taught and his tenets are now ex instituto maintained It is great strong and has a Haven belonging to it on the Western shoar of the Island Long. 24. 40. Lat. 40. 00. The Maps place it in Lat. 38. 26. The Inhabitants of this Island were of old famous Archers from whence they were called Baleares at first they went naked being subdued by the Carthaginians Anno Mundi 3500. they became more civilized and served in the Carthaginian Wars against the Romans till together with Spain they fell under that Republick in the Year of Rome 630. 521 Years before the Birth of our Saviour The Moors were their next Masters who crossing out of Africa took Possession of them about the same time they Conquered Spain Raymund Earl of Barcelone by the assistance of the Genouese expelled the Moors in 1102 but the Genouese as if they had repented this good Deed restored them again In 1228. they were finally ex elled by James King of Arragon This Prince in 1230. made James his Son King of Majorca whose Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom till 1341. when James III. the fourth King of Majorca was slain in Battel by Pedro IV. King of Arragon and ever since
became Bishop of it from whom the present Bishop Dr. Levinz is the fourteenth and the twenty ninth of those whose Names are Recorded This Bishop is no Lord of the Parliament of England tho presented to the King for his Assent Royal and to the Archbishop of York for Consecration by reason he holds immediately not of the King but of the Lord of Man to whom under the Fief and Sovereignty of the King belongs the Right of Nomination Manar Manaria a small Island with a City on it which is in the Hands of the Hollanders it lies in the Streight between the Island of Ceylon and the Coast of Malabar in the East-Indies and gives Name to that Streight Long. 108. 30. Lat. 09. 33. Manceaux the People of Maine a Province in France La Mancha Lamitanus Ager a Province in the South of New Castile in Spain the Seat of the Oretani an ancient People of Spain mentioned by Strabo and Pliny It is divided into La Mancha d' Arragon and La Mancha Cieca La Manche Mare Britannicum the French Name of the British Sea lying between France and England Manchester Manduessedum a Town in the County of Warwick mentioned by Antoninus now a poor Village of about fourteen Houses one Mile from Atherstone to the South and eight from Covenventry to the North § Manchester Mancunium Manucium a very rich populous and beautiful Market-Town upon the East side of the River Spoden near the Borders of Cheshire at the South End of the County of Lancaster in the Hundred of Salford in which Thomas Lord de la Ware founded a a College This was an ancient Roman City and being ruined in the Saxon and Danish Wars was rebuilt by Edward the Elder about 920. The College has been since refounded and confirmed by Queen Elizabeth and is still in being There is also a Collegiate Church Charles I. added another Honour to this Place by creating Henry Montague Earl of Manchester in 1625. which Honour is now possessed by Edward Montague his Grand child the third Earl of this family Mandignan Hesperium Cornu Cape Verde the most Western Cape of Africa Mande Mimatium a City of Aquitain in Languedoc in France towards the Mountains of Sevennes and the Fountains of the River Lot Olda which is a Bishop See under the Archbishop of Alby called by some Latin Writers Anderitum and Gabalum the Capital of the Territory of Givaudan four Miles from Jaoux where are are the Ruins of that old City out of which this we are speaking of sprung being before only a Village at the Foot of this Mountain ten Leagues from S. Flour to the North East fourteen from from Rhodez to the East It stands in a mountainous but fruitful Soil and it is honoured with the Bones of S. Privatus a Martyr The Bishop enjoys divers great Privileges together with the Title of an Earl Mandinga a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa betwixt the River Niger to the North and the Kingdom of Malaguette to the South its Capital City bearing the same Name Mandou a City and Kingdom in the Empire of the Great Mogul in the East Indies Mandoua a River in the Kingdom of Decam which falls by the City of Goa into the Indian Ocean See Goa Mandrerey a River in the Island of Madegascar it springs in a Territory of its own Name and greatned with the Currents of divers other Rivers discharges it self into the Ocean at the North of the Island near the Province of Carcanossi Manfredonia Sepontum Novum Manfredonia a City in the Province called the Capitanato in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and has this Name from Manfredus King of Naples Son of Frederick II. Emperor of Germany who built it about the year 1256. Not above two Miles from hence at the Foot of Mount Gargano are shewn the Ruins of Sepontum an old ruined Roman Town the See of which was Translated to Manfredonia It has a large Haven a strong Castle seated twenty five Miles from Nocera to the East and twenty two from the Mouth of the River Ofanto Aufidus to the North. Taken once by the Turks in the year 1620. and miserably defaced spoiled and ruined since in some degree repaired but the memory of that Calamity has made it little poor and not much inhabited A Provincial Council was assembled at it in 1567. Long. 40. 10. Lat. 41. 40. Mangalor Mangalora a City of the Kingdom of Bisnagar upon the Western Shoar which has a Castle and an Harbour upon the Indian Sea in a Tract called Canara towards Malabar Heretofore under the Portuguese This may possibly be the same with that the Ancients called Mandagara Long. 105. 00. Lat. 12 30. Mangresia Magnesia the Capital City of Caria a Province in the Lesser Asia near the River Maeander whence it was called Magnesia ad Maeandrum to distinguish it from some other Cities of the same Name Before this it was called Thessaloce and Androlitia as Pliny saith It stands near Mount Thorax seventy Miles from Smyrna to the North-East and twenty six from Ephesus Themistocles the Athenian died here in Banishment and Antiochus King of Syria sixty three years before the Birth of our Savour Long. 57. 00. Lat. 39. 00. Manhate the same with New Amsterdam in North America in New-Holland Manheim Manbemium a Fortress in the Lower Palatinate where the Rhine and the Necker meet grown up to a City whereas before it was only a Village Frederick IV. Elector Palatine in 1606. fortified it In 1622. the Spaniards took and dismantled it Being restored by the Treaty of Munster to this House Charles Lewis the last Elector resortified it It stands three German Miles from Spire to the North and as much from Heydelburgh to the West It has a very strong Castle called Friderichsbourgh near it upon the Rhine lies another called Eichelsheim now ruined in which John XXIII Pope was kept two years a Prisoner after he was deposed by the Council of Constance The French possessed themselves both of the City and Fortress Nov. 13. 1688. S. Manehu See S. Meneboult ◠Manifold a River of Staffordshire Manille Manilla the same with Lusson Maningtree or Manytree a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Tendring Manissa Magnesia a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Smyrna twenty four Miles from Smyrna to the North West Now in a tolerable Condition under the Turks and the Capital of a Province Manoa el dorado a Town in South America in Guiana upon the Western Shoar of the Lake of Parime concerning which the Indians report great things but it was never yet seen by any European Manosque Manuesca a Town in Provence in France in the Diocese of Sisteron in a Plain one League from the River Durance belonging to the Order of the Knights of Malta by the Concession the ancient Counts of Forcalquier who had a Palace in it Some would have it to
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
were levelled by an Earthquake April 1690. At the same time the Sea left its accustomed Bounds a great part of a Mile the Earth vomited hot and fetid Waters its motion Pulses and Openings also all over the Island being such as nothing can be more terrible Neure a River of Kilkenny in Ireland which watereth Ross then falls into the Sewer which separates Leinster from Mounster and falls beneath VVaterford into the Ocean Neusidlersee Peiso a Lake between Austria and the Lower Hungary bteween Raab to the East and Vienna to the West Neustria the Name of a part of the Kingdom of France in use amongst the Writers of the Times of Charlemaigne and his Son to denote the Country from the Saosne and the Meuse to the Loyre and the Ocean It has been since changed into that of Normandy tho the present Dukedom of Normandy makes no more than a part of the ancient Neustria New Albion California an Island on the West of America in North Lat. 38. discovered by Sir Francis Drake in 1578. Newark upon Trent is a fair rich Town in Nottinghamshire seated on the East Bank of the Trent where it divides into two Branches and makes an Island before the Town eleven Miles from Nottingham to the North and in the high Road to York which took its Name from a Castle here built by Alexander Bishop of Lincoln in the Reign of Henry II. which was seized by King Stephen King John died in this Town in 1216. Edward VI. incorporated it and gave it the Privilege of sending two Burgesses to the Parliament It suffered a Siege for its Loyalty in 1643 1644. which was raised by Prince Rupert March 22. It stood firm to the Royal Interest till May 11. 1646. and then was forced to surrender the King being in the Hands of the Scots and all his Forces dissipated This Town gives the Title of Viscount to the Earl of Kingston and is the Capital of its Hundred Newbury Novum burgum a Town on the South of Barkshire upon the River Kennet which at Reading falls into the Thames Called by Antoninus Spinae tho not built now in the same place a fine rich Cloathing Town seated in a Champain Plain Country Made famous by a signal Victory obtained here by Charles I. Septemb. 20. 1643. over the Forces of the Parliament October 27. 1644. there was a second Fight in which tho the King's Forces which were much divided had at first the good Fortune to drive the Enemy out of the Field yet being overpowered by Numbers and fresh Supplies they were at last Routed and the King in great danger of being taken This Battel tho short was the sharpest that was fought in all that War Charles II. added a great Honor to this Place when in 1675. he created Charles Fitz-Roy Duke of Southampton Earl of Chichester and Baron of Newbury New-Castle upon Tine is a strong rich populous Sea-Port Town in Northumberland upon the North Bank of the River Tine but on the Borders of Durham six Miles from the Sea The River is very deep the Haven secure and large the Town stands upon a rising Ground and has a fair Bridge over the River on the South side with an Iron Gate upon it which divides the County of Northumberland from the Bishoprick of Durham near which stands the Castle and over against it the Market-Place and more to the North upon a sleep Hill the Body of the Town fenced with Towers and strong Walls It contains four Parishes amongst which St. Nicholas's Church upon the top of the Hill has the gracefulness of a Cathedral Ships of good burden come up to the very Bridge But the Newcastle-fleet commonly stays at Sheales near the Rivers Mouth This Town for Wealth and Commerce by Sea and Land for all Commodities may well be esteemed the Bristol of the North. Mr. Cambden doth suppose it to have been called Garbosentum by the Romans afterwards Monk-chester and to have taken the name of Newcastle when it was rebuilt by Robert Eldest Son to William the Conqueror and Newcastle upon Tine to distinguish it from Newcastle under Line In the Reign of Edward I. a Rich Man being taken Prisoner in the Town by the Scots after his Ransom began the Fortifications of it and the rest of the Inhabitants finished this Work which made it both safe and rich Richard II. made it a Mayor Town Long. 21. 30. Lat. 57. 34. Thus far Mr. Cambden The Scots in 1640. seized this strong Town and thereby began the Calamities of England which lasted twenty years In 1644. after a long Siege the Scots took it the second time October 19. Lewis Steward Duke of Lenox was created Earl of Newcastle in 1604. by James I. He dying without Issue William Cavendish Viscount Mansfield and Baron Ogle was by Charles I. created Earl of Newcastle in 1627. Marquess of Newcastle in 1643. and Duke of the same in 1664. by Charles II. to whom succeeded Henry his Son in 1676. The Corporation Elects two members of Parliament Newcastle under Line a large Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the rivulet Line It is a Borough Town and hath the honour of electing two Members of the English Parliament New England a large Country in North America first discovered by Sebastian Cabot under English Colours in 1497. Entred upon for the English by Mr. Philip Amadas in 1584. It lies in forty and forty one deg of North Lat. seventy Miles upon the Ocean which affords it plenty of Harbours The Air is healthful but the Weather very uncertain This Country was first begun to be Planted in 1606. In 1610. one Robinson an Independent Preacher struck in with the Design and much promoted that Plantation It is well watered with Rivers has great variety of Wild Fowl Wild Beasts Timber in abundance Flax Hemp Corn of all sorts Furrs Amber and Iron wherewith the Inhabitants drive a gainful Trade with the other English Plantations in America This Colony is very strong They have built seven great Towns the chief of which is Boston which in 1670. had fifty Sail of Ships belonging to it They would never submit to any Governour sent from England but lived like a Free State till a Quo Warranto being sent against them in 1683. by K. Charles II. they submitted to Henry Cranfield Esq and in 1686. accepted Sir Edward Andrews as Governour for King James II. The Dukedom of Newenburg Neoburgum called by the French Neubourg is a Tract in Germany in Nortgow upon the Danube part of which lies in the Circle of Bavaria and part in Schwaben Heretofore a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria till Maximilian I. granted it to the Children of Rupert Prince Palatine This Line ended in 1559. in the Person of Henry after whom Succeeded Philip Lewis Duke of Deuxponts or Zweybrucken in which Family it still is It takes its name from Newburg Neoburgum a City in Bavaria upon the Danube four Leagues from Donawert in Schwaben to
Over the Trent and the Line it has two Bridges besides two others over two Ponds called the Cheney Bridges It has three Churches and a strong and goodly Castle built on a steep Rock on the West side of the Town In the Reign of Burthred King of the Mercians and Aethelred King of the VVest-Saxons the Danes having got the Possession of this Castle kept it against three Kings united against them and forced them to a Peace After this Edward the Elder walled the Town the South part of which was standing in Mr. Cambden's time The Castle which is now standing was rebuilt by VVilliam the Conqueror to curb the English Edward IV. repaired it In 1â—75 it was besieged by Henry II. but could not be taken In the Barons Wars it was surprised by Robert de Ferrariis an Earl otherwise it was never taken by force as the same Author observes Long. 22. 14. Lat. 53. 00. Charles Lord Howard descended from the House of Norfolk by the Mowbrays Earls of this County from 1377. to 1475. was in 1597. created Earl of Nottingham This Family ending in Charles Lord Howard the third in that Line the Honor was conferred May 12. 1681. upon Heneage Lord Finch Baron of Daventry then Lord Chancellor of England and it is now enjoyed by Daniel Son of the said Heneage Nova Antequera a City of New Spain in America in the Province of Oaxaca eighty Spanish Leagues from Mexico to the East seventeen from the North Sea to the South and seventeen from Vera Cruz. It is little and not much inhabited though a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico ever since 1535. Nova Guinea a large Country in the Western part of the Pacifick Ocean which is a part of the Terra Australis on the East of the Molucco Islands First discovered by Andrew Ardaneta a Spaniard in 1528. and then thought to be an Island but since to be a part of the South Continent Novara Novaria a City of Italy which in Pliny's time was the Capital of Insubria It is now a part of the Duchy of Milan and a Bishop's See under that Archbishop the Head of a small Territory called by its name Very strong and can shew many ancient Roman Inscriptions as Testimonies of its Antiquity It stands twenty five Miles from Milan to the West and ten from Turin in a well-watered and fruitful Soil and upon an Eminence well fortified Near this Lewis Sforza Duke of Milan was taken by the French in 1500. But twelve years after the Swiss gave the French a great Overthrow in this Place to abate their joy for their former Success Peter Lombard the Master of the Sentences and sometime Bishop of Paris was a Native of this City and Pope Innocent XI Bishop of it when he was chosen Novellara a fine Town in the Lower Lombardy between the Territories of the Dukes of Mantoua and Modena subject to a Count of its own who is of the Family of Gonzaga ten Miles from Regio towards the North. It has a Castle called Bagnuollo Novibazar Novus Mercatus one of the principal Cities of Servia upon the River Orasâ—a fifty Miles from Nissa to the West Novigrad Novigradum Argyrutum a Town in Dalmatia which has a Castle seated upon a Bay of the same name twenty Miles from Zara to the East and twenty five from Sebenico to the North. It belonged to the Venetians but was taken by the Turks in 1646. Novigrad a small City in the Vpper Hungary which gives name to a County one German Mile from the Danube five from Gran to the North-East and four from Vaccia It has a Castle which is seated on a Rock and a Dike thirty four foot deep cut in the same Rock which makes it almost inaccessible yet the Turks took this strong Place in 1663. Novogorod Velki Novogardia Magna a City of Moscovy called by the Germans Neugarten which is very great and an Archbishops See the Capital of a Principality of the same name seated in a spacious Plain upon the River Wolkow where it issueth from the Lake of Ilmen an hundred and five German Miles from Mosco to the North-West forty six from Pleskow to the East and forty from Narva to the South East Long. 50. 00. Lat. 58. 23. The River Wolchou or Woldga saith Olearius falls by Notteburgh and the Gulph of Finland into the Baltick Sea this River is the chief cause of the Wealth and Greatness of the City being Navigable from its Fountains almost to the Baltick which has made this City the chief for Trade in all the North. Vithold Great Duke of Lithuania was the first who in 1427. obliged this City to pay a vast Tribute John Basilowitz Grotsden Duke of Muscovy overthrew an Army raised by this City in 1477. Thereupon he made himself Master of it and carried thence to Mosco three hundred Wagons loaden with Gold Silver and rich Goods John Basilowitz another of their Princes in 1569. slew two thousand seven hundred and seventy of its Inhabitants and cast them into the River upon a bare groundless suspicion besides a vast number trodden to death by a Party of Horse This City was taken by the Swedes in 1611. and restored to the Russ in 1634. It hath formerly been so puissant that it passed for a common Proverb Who is there that can oppose himself to God and the great City of Novogrod They reckon about seventy Monasteries in it It s largeness has been set in the parallel with that of Rome but its Walls are of Wood and the Buildings mean Novogorod Nisi that is the Lower is a vast City of Moscovy seated upon the Wolga where it takes in the Occa an hundred German Miles from Mosco to the North-East and forty from Wologda to the South-East Novogrod Novogroda sirnamed Litawiski is a City of Lithuania under the Crown of Poland the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name in which the Diet of Lithuania ought by turns with Minsko to be holden It stands scarce four Polish Miles from the River Niemen or Memel and twenty from Vilna to the South Novogrodeck Seviersky a strong City of Russia which has been attributed to Lithuania when under the Poles but now it is under the Russ again It stands upon the River Dezna seventeen Polish Miles from Czernichou to the North-East forty six from Kiovia to the same and the same distance from Smolensko to the South This is also the Capital of a Palatinate Noyon Novomagâ—s Noviodunum a City in the Isle of France near the Borders of Picardy of which it was a part upon the River Vorse which two Miles lower falls into the Oise eight Leagues from Soisons to the South-West fifteen from Amiens six from Reims to the West and twenty two from Paris to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reims the Bishop of it is one of the three Earls and a Peer of France the Diocese which belongs to it is called Le Noyonois â—â—bia a
Pont sur Jonne three Leagues from Sens and for Pontroy or Pongoin in la Perche upon the Eure. Ponte Mole Milvius Pons an ancient Bridge belonging to the City of Rome over the Tiber. It lies two Miles above the City to the East Near this Bridge Maxentius was defeated and in his passage over the River drowned in the Year 312. By which Victory Constantine the Great obtained the Empire of the World Pontus an ancient Kingdom in the Lesser Asia betwixt Bithynia and Paphlagonia extended along the Pontus Euxinus or Black Sea and famous heretofore in the Person of Mithridates the Great its King who upon the News of the revolt of his Son Pharnaces against him killed himself in the Year of Rome 691. after a Reign of fifty seven years Heraclea Ponti was its Capital City The Romans reduced this Kingdom into a Province Ponza Pontia an Island of the Mediterranean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Naples known by the banishment of divers famous Romans to it Ponzone a small Town in the Duchy of Montferrat in Italy It suffered very much in the Wars till the Peace at Quieras in 1631. Pool a Market and Borough Town and Port in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Cogdean enclosed on all sides except Northward with an out let of the Sea called Luckford Lake and admitting an entrance into it by one Gate only Henry VI. first granted it the privilege of a Haven and leave to the Mayor to Wall it In this Haven the Sea ebbs and flows four times in twenty four hours It elects two Parliament Men and has the honor besides to be a County Corporate Potremoli Pontremulium a Town and Seigniory in Italy anciently called Apua at the Foot of the Apennine in the Eastern Borders of the States of Genoua fifteen Miles from Genoua to the East and eleven from Massa to the North. This Town and Seigniory in the Year 1650 was sold by the Spaniards to the Duke of Tuscany under whom it now is and has belonging to it a strong Castle Popayan Popaiana a great Province in South America in the Terra Firma towards the Mountains which on the West is bounded by the South Sea on the South by Peru on the East by New Granada and on the North by New Carthagena It s greatest extent is from North to South The Capital City of it is Popayan seated near the rise of the River of S. Martha one hundred and forty Miles from the South Sea to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de Sancta Fé d' Antiquera The other Cities are Caramanta Arma Sancta Anna d' Anzerma Carthagena Cali Amaguer and Agreda Under the Spaniards Popfingen Popfinga a small City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Tract of Riess upon the River Eger One Mile from Norlingen to the West An Imperial and Free City Porentru Brundusia a Town in Switzerland called by the Inhabitants Brontrut by the French Porentru The Seat of the Bishop of Basil and subject to him It stands in the Borders of Suntgow and the Higher Alsatia upon the River Halle three German Miles from Ferrette or Pfirt to the West and six from Basil The Tract in which it stands is called Elsgaw Pormon Thermodon a River of Cappadocia which falls into the Euxine Sea Poros an Island in the Gulph of Corinth or d' Engina between the Morea and Athens eighteen Miles in compass and very fruitful and populous Now under the Venetians Portalegre or Porto-Alegre Portus Alacris Amaea a City in Portugal in the Province of Alentejo towards the Borders of Extremadura which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Evora fourteen Miles from that City and twenty eight from Lisbon to the East thirty three from the Atlantick Ocean East Well fortified upon a River and giving the Title of a Count. Port-au-Prince a Town upon the South Coast of the Isle of Cuba in the West-Indies with a Port which drives a great Trade in Hides Port aux Prunes a Country in the North of the Isle of Madagascar Il Portatore Vfens a River in Campagna di Roma in the States of the Church which ariseth at a place called Casenoue two Miles from Sezze a Town in the same Province and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Terracina sixty Miles from Naples to the West Portland Vindelis a small Peninsula in Dorsetshire which shoots into the British Sea about nine Miles from North to South The principal place in it is called Portland Castle built by Henry VIII Opposite to which towards Weymouth on the Land side stands Sandford Castle and these two together command all Ships that pass into the road here This Island belongs to the Church of Winchester by the Gift of Edward the Confessor It hath one Church on the South East side near the Sea affords Corn in good plenty and excellent pasture for Sheep but its Quarries of Stone of late much used in Building are its most remarkable Commodity Charles I. in 1632 Created Richard Lord Weston of Neyland Lord High Treasurer of England Earl of Portland which Title continued in the same Family for three successions in the Persons of Jeremy Son to Richard Charles Son and Heir to Jeremy and Thomas Weston Uncle to Charles Porto Puerto ein Port un Port a Port or Haven is a part of the Sea so inclosed and deep that Ships may safely ride in it Load and Unload whether it be made by Art or Nature All which vulgar Names in Italian Spanish German French and English are derived from the Latin Word Portus signifying the same thing Porto Portus Augusti Portus Romanus an Episcopal City which once stood at the Mouth of the Tiber in the States of the Church and had a considerable Port to it built by the Emperor Claudius then repair'd by Trajan But both that and the City for the unwholsomeness of the Air have been deserted and destroyed tho giving a title to one of the six Senior Cardinals Porto Port à Port and Cividad de Puerto Portus Cale is a great City and a considerable Mart in the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Douro on the North Side of that River which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Braga and has a large safe and convenient Haven upon the Western Ocean within one League of which this City is built eight from Braga to the South and forty seven from Lisbon to the North. This City took its Name from Cale a Village near it and gave the Name of Portugal to the Kingdom before called Lusitania it being one of the first and most frequented Ports of that Kingdom Long. 11 15. Lat. 41. 10. Porto de Acaxutla a great and celebrated Port in New Spain in America in the Province of Guatimala upon the South Sea near Sancta Trinidada Porto Belo Portus Belus a new City in South America upon the Shoars of the North Sea which has a celebrated Haven secured by two strong Forts
and with it into the Ocean Seyde Sidon by the Germans called Said is a City of Phoenicia in Syria upon the Shores of the Mediterranean North of Tyre about a League distant from the remains of the ancient Sidon Sister to Tyre in the Scripture for its Sins and the Punishments of them A populous City full of Merchants and Artisans of all Nations driving a great Trade in Cotton and Silk The Franciscans Capuchins and Jesuits have each their Chappels the Turks seven or eight Mosques and the Jews one Synagogue here The Maronites of Mount Libanus and the Armenian Greeks enjoy the like Liberties Without the City appear many Gardens of Oranges Citrons Tamarines Palm-trees and the Fig-trees of Adam so called because bearing a Leaf of the length of six foot and the breadth of two Adam it is supposed covered his nakedness with them It hath two small Fortresses but so far ruined as to remain indefensible The Turks keep a a Sangiack here under the Bassaw of Damascus a Cady or Judge and an Aga of the Janizaries The French a Consul All which Officers are handsomely lodged the rest of the Houses are ill built The Harbor formerly was capable of receiving many and great Vessels but is now choaked with Sand to that degree as to admit only of Skiffs whilst Ships lye in the road behind the Rocks for Shelter In the Christian times it was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tyre The Eutychians held Council here of twenty four Bishops in 512 under the protection of the Emperour Anastasius In 1260 the Tartars became Masters of it from whom the Turks obtain'd it about one hundred and fifty years since There is now a Caemetery upon a part of the Mountain Antilibanus in the place where the Old Sidon stood for the use of the Christians of Seyde And the Maronites have a poor Chappel by it Seyne See Seine ◠Sezza Setia a City of Campagna di Roma in Italy of good Antiquity mentioned by Martial It is said to have sometime been a Bishop's See though not now Du Val places an Epispocal City of the same name in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Sfacchia Leuci a Range of Mountains in the Territory of Cydonia on the West side of the Island of Candy which gave name to the Sfacciotes who signalized themselves by their valiant resistance against the Turks when they endeavoured the ravishing that Island from the Seigniory of Venice of late years Shaftsbury Septonia a Town upon the Stoure in the North-East Borders of Dorsetshire towards Wiltshire seated in the form of a Bow on an high Hill which affords it a serene Air and a large delightful Prospect but deprives it very much of Water In the times of the Norman Conquest it had one hundred and four Houses and after this ten Parish Churches now three with about 500 Houses built of the Freestone of its own Hill Some write King Canutus the Dane died here This Town was built by King Alfred in 880 as Mr. Cambden proves from an old Inscription mentioned in William of Malmesbury In 1672 Charles II. created Anthony Ashley Cooper then Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Shaftsbury who died in Holland and his Son succeeded him in this Honour Shannon Shennyn or Shennonon Senus Sinejus a River in Ireland which is one of the principal in that Kingdom It ariseth in the County of Roscomon in the Province of Connaught out of Mount Slewnern and flowing Southward through Letrim forms a vast Lake called Myne Eske and Ree towards the North end of which on the East side stands Letrim in the middle Longford towards the South Ardagh on the West side Elphem and Roscomon and at some distance from the Lake to the South Athlone Beneath which comes in from the West the Logh a vast River from three other Lakes more to the West called Garoch Mesks and Ben-Carble on the East it receives the Anney so passing by Bannogh and Clonfort to the Lake of Derg at Kiloe it leaves that Lake and passeth to Limerick where it turns full West and between Munster to the South and Connaught to the North enters the Vergivian Ocean by a Mouth five Miles wide between Cape Leane and Cape Sanan having in this Course separated Leinster and Munster from Connaught Shap a large Village in the County of Westmorland in Westward near the River Lowther in which in the Reign of Henry I Thomas Son of Jospatrick founded an Abbey and the same was the only Abbey in this County There is near this Town a noted Well which ebbs and flows often in a day and a perfect Bow of vast Stones some nine foot high and fourteen thick pitch'd at equal distances from each other for for the space of a Mile Sheale a Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester-ward upon the Mouth of the River Tine The Newcastle Coal-Fleet takes its Cargo here Sheffield a large well-built Market-town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the hundred of Strafford upon the River Dun of particular note for Iron Wares even in Chaucer's time who describes a Person with a Sheffield VVhittle by his side It shews the ruines of one of the five Castles formerly seated upon the same River Dun in the compass of ten Miles Corn especially is much bought up here for the supply of some parts of Derby and Nottingham shires as well as Yorkshire Shefford a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Clifton situated between two Rivulets which below it join to fall in one Stream into the Avon Sheppey Shepey Toliapis an Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent at the Mouth of the Thames and Medway Separated by the River Medway from Kent and on all other sides surrounded with the Sea About eight Miles long and six broad Fruitful in Pasturage and well watered especially on the South by Rivers The Danes Earl Goodwin his Sons and their Adherents much harassed it in former times Queensborough is its chief Town it hath several other Towns besides and hath been honoured with the Title of an Earldom in the Lady Dacres Countess of Shepey Shepton-Mallet or Malley a large Market Town in Somersetshire in the hundred of VVhiston Shipton a Market Town in VVorcestershire in the hundred of Oswalderston upon the River Stower It stands in a slip of the County taken off from VVarwickshire Shirburne Clarus Fons a Town and Castle in the North-West of Dorsetshire on the Borders of Somersetshire upon a River of the same Name which afterwards falls into the Parret the Capital of its Hundred Built on the side of an Hill in a fruitful and pleasant Country and much increased in the number of its Inhabitants and its Wealth by the Cloathing Trade In 704. a Bishop's See was erected here translated afterwards to Sunning and thence to Salisbury The Family of the Digbys Earls of Bristol are Barons of Shirburne § Also a Market Town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of
of Oesel in the Baltick Sea Sonnemberg a Town in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh in Germany near Poland to the East Sor or Soro a River in the Kingdom of Portugal which divides Alentejo from Extremadura and falls into the Taio at Salvaterra nine Miles above Lisbone Sora a City of Latium upon the River Garigliano now a Bishops See in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is under no Archbishop It has a splendid Castle honoured with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the Family di Boncompagno and slands fifty five Miles from Rome to the East and ten from the Lake di Celano Fucinus to the South § This is also the name of a City in the Island of Scelandt in the Baltick Sea belonging to Denmark which has an University in it founded by Frederick II. and re-established by Christian IV. Kings of Denmark Soracte a Mountain in the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy consecrated to Apollo in the Heathen Ages there It is now called Monte di S. Silvestre Soratoff Soratovia a City in the Kingdom of Astracan upon the Wolga in the middle between Casan to the North and Astracan to the South Lat. 52. 12. in a great Plain The Inhabitants are all Muscovites See Olearius Pag. 162. Soraw Sorava a small City in Lusatia the Capital of the Lower part of that Province and under the Elector of Saxony It stands in the Borders of Silesia two German Miles from Sagan to the West and five from Crossen to the South often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Sorge Sorgue Orge Sorge Sulga Sulgas a River of Gallia Narbonensis which ariseth in the County of Vendosmois in Provence and falls into the Rhosne above Avignon but very near it at a Town called Pont-Sorge Soria Syria Soria Numantia Nova Soria a City of New Castile not above one League beneath the Ruins of the ancient and celebrated Numantia seated in the Mountains well peopled and having belonging to it a very large Jurisdiction It stands twelve Leagues from Baubula to the South-West and eight from Tarazona to the North-West Soritae an ancient people mentioned by Pliny as neighbouring upon India and living altogether upon Fish Sorlings See Silly-Islands Sorrento Sorriento Surrentum Surentum a City in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Achbishops See in the Terra di Lavoro on the Bay of the Hither Principato twenty four Miles from Naples to the South It is seated in a fruitful Plain and though very ancient being mentioned by Pliny and Livy yet in a good Estate Long. 38. 20. Lat. 40 33. Sosteropolis Soteropolis a ruined small City which stood near Nicomedia in Bithynia in Asia Minor where according to Zoneras died Constantine the Great of Poyson Soubiac or Sublac a small Town in Campagna di Roma in the Dominions of the Pope It stands upon the River Teverone and is noted for an Abbey of the Order of S. Benedict who did himself choose a Retreat here Souilly or Seulley a Town in the Dukedom de Bar in Lorain Soul Sous a Kingdom in the East part of Biledulgerid in Africa under the King of Marocco Soule a Territory in the Pais des Basques in France Honoured with the Title of a Viscounty The chief Town in it is Mauleon de Soule Soumel a Town in the Kingdom of Bengale in the Empire of the Great Mogul towards the Ganges The Sound See Sund. Sour See Tyre Soure Sura a River in the Dukedom of Luxemburg called by the Germans Saur by the French Soure It ariseth near Bastoigne eight Leagues from Luxemburg and being increased with some smaller Rivers watereth Dietkirch beneath which it receivs the Vr from Viande to the North then passeth to Echternach and Wasser-bilch where it falls into the Moselle two Leagues above Trier to the South Souri a Province of Turcomania in the Lesser Asia Sourie the same with Zurich Souriquois a Tribe of the unconquered Salvages of New France in North America Souristan the same with Syria Sousos a people of Nigritia in Africa Souster Susa the Capital of Chusistan in the Kingdom of Persia one hundred and eighty Miles from Bagdad to the East now in a flourishing State Southampton Clausentum Antonia Magnus Portus Trisantonum Portus a small City in the County of Hamshire seated on the West side of the River Anton or Hampton which comes from Winchester and here falls into the great Bay of South-hampton ten Miles from Winchester to the South This was a Roman Fort called Clausentum and ruined by the Danes in 980. Also plundered and burnt by the French under Edward III. and rebuilt in the Reign of Richard It is a strong rich populous well traded City fenced with a double Ditch strong Walls and many Turrets for the Defence of the Haven it has a strong Castle built by Richard II. The Haven is capable of Ships of good Burthen up to the Key and lies opposite to Jernsey Garnsey and Normandy There are now five Parish Churches in this City Henry VI. granted it a Mayor and made it a County in 1067. Beauvois of Southampton that celebrated Warriour was its first Secular Earl in 1538. The Bishops of Winchester being before reputed to be Earls of Southampton and so styled in the Statutes of the Garter made by Henry VIII Willam Fitz William Lord Admiral in 1547. Thomas Wriothsley Lord Chancellour was created the third Earl by Edward VI. to whom succeeded three of his Posterity The last died in 1667. In 1675. Charles II. created Charles Fits Roy eldest Son to the Duchess of Cleaveland Baron of Newbery Earl of Chicester and Duke of Southampton Southwark a large Borough in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Brixton opposite to London on the other side of the Thames and under the Jurisdiction of the Lord Mayor of London yet enjoying several ancient Privileges peculiarly to it self and represented in the Lower House of Parliament by its own Burgesses In the number of Inhabitants and Buildings it exceeds most Cities notwithstanding its Losses by many great Fires S. Thomas's Hospital founded by the Citizens of London stands here Southwell a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Thurgarton of good Antiquity upon a Rivulet falling not far off into the Tren◠Adorned with a Collegiate Church Southwould Sowold or Swold a small Corporation and Sea-Port Town in the County of Suffolk famous for the many Rendezvouzes of the English Fleets when ever we have had any Wars with the Hollanders especially for two great Naval Victories obtained against them in the Bay of this Town the first June 3 1663. the second May 28. 1672. Both under the Conduct of King James II. as Lord Admiral of England under his Brother Charles II. of Blessed and Pious Memory It is a strong and pleasant Town in the Hundred of Blithing upon a Cliff with the Sea to the East the River Blithe over which there is a Draw-Bridge to the West and a Bay of its own name to the
of Gibraltar towards the Atlantick Ocean and was anciently an Archbishops See and an University The Goths possessed it after the Romans and annexed it to the Government of Ceuta In 1471. Alphonsus King of Portugal made himself Master of it From which time it continued in the possession of that Crown till in 1662. it was put by the Portuguese into the hands of the English Charles II. having bestowed immense charges upon the Haven and Out-Works of it after it had prosperously repelled several Attacks of the Moors in 1663 1664. and in 1682 in 1683. by the Lord Dartmouâ—h that Prince ordered all the Forts and Works to be blown up the Mole to be slighted and withdrew the Garrison into England finding the benefit not equal to the charge of keeping it Long. 6. 30. Lat. 35. 56. Tangermund Tangermunda a Town in the Old Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the Elbe where it takes in the River Tanger seven German Miles from Magdeburgh to the North toward Havelburgh Heretofore a very strong and considerable place The Emperour Charles IV. kept his Court there but in the Swedish War it was often taken and suffered so very much that it is become very inconsiderable now Tangu Tangum a Kingdom in the Further East-Indies by the River Menan which has a City of the same name and was formerly subject to the King of Pegu. Tangut Tangutum a Kingdom in the Asian Tartary towards China and the East-Indies The Capital City of it is Tangu Tanjaor a City and Kingdom in Coromandel in the East-Indies formerly subject to the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own who is a Tributary to the former It lies sixty Miles from the Coast of Coromandel to the West Tanor a small Kingdom in the Hither East-Indies in the Promontory of Malabar which hath a City of the same name five Leagues from Calecut to the South The King resides at a Palace one League from the City and preservs a strict Alliance with the Portuguese Taormina a City of Sicily Tapaysa or Tapy a great River of South America which riseth in the Borders of Brasil and after having given name to a Province falls into the River of Amasons in Guiana Tapiaw a Town in the Ducal Prussia in the Kingdom of Poland Taprobane See Zeilan Tapsus an ancient City in the Province of Byzacena now in the Kingdom of Tunis in Barbary Caesar besieged it to oblige Scipio to a Battel and after his Defeat of Scipio it surrendred to the Conquerour Tapua guazu a Province of South America in Paragua near the Lake of Xaray in the Borders of Brasil Tapuâ—es a people of Brasil in the Prefecture of Santo Spirito Tara Taras a small River in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which arising from the Apennine near Massafra falls into the Gulph of Taranto by the City of Taranto which has its name from this River Taragale a City in the Region of Darha in Biledulgerid in Africa near the City of Darha fortified with a Castle and a considerable Garrison for the security of the Mint which the Emperour of Marocco keeps here The Jews have about four hundred Families in it The Country adjacent affords plenty of Corn Pasturage and Dates Taranto Tarentum Vrbs Salentinorum a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples called at this day Tarente by the French Built by a Band of Lacedemonian Bastards and made the Capital of the ancient Magna Graecia who having no Inheritance at home were sent hither to seek their fortunes in the year of the World 3242. forty five years after the building of Rome It became a famous Common-Wealth It s ancient Inhabitants the Tarentini solicited Pyrrhus's Descent into Italy to make War with the Romans In the year of Rome 481. Milo a Citizen of it betrayed it to the Romans In the second Punick War it received Hannibal And in the year of Rome 545. was recovered out of his hands again by Quintus Fabius Maximus In 631. it was made a Roman Colony In 1194. Henry IV. gave it to VVilliam the Son of Tancred Prince of Taranto when he had caused him to be castrated to prevent any Posterity It is now an Archbishops See small but strong and well peopled has a Castle garrisoned with Spaniards The Haven was once very good but spoiled by great Stones sunk in the Mouth of it so that none but small Ships can enter it This City has also still the Honour of the Title of a Principality It stands upon a Peninsula on a Bay of its own Name at the Mouth of the River Tara Some derive the Name of the Tarantulae whose Venom is cured only by violent dancing from it In 1614. a Synod was held here by its Archbishop Long. 41. 30. Lat. 39. 58. Tarara Cemmenus a Mountain near Lyons in France more commonly called les Sevennes Tarascon Tarasco an ancient Roman Town in Provence in France upon the Rhosne four Leagues beneath Avignon to the South and three from Arles It is great and populous and has two strong Castles a Collegiate Church with divers Ecclesiastical and Religious Houses The Reliques of S. Martha are said to be preserved here Tarazona Turiaso an ancient Roman City in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sarragosa upon the River Queois four Leagues from Tudela to the North-West and ten from Bilbao to the North. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus VIII in 1010. And is chiefly commended for the rare temper of its Steel Long. 19. 02. Lat. 42. 50. Tarbes Tarba Turba Castrum Bigorrae a City of Aquitam in the County of Bigorre whereof it is the Capital seated in a pleasant Plain upon the River Adour well peopled and has a Castle called Bigorre which gave name to this County It is also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux from which this City stands nine Miles to the North-West and six from Pau to the East Tarczal Carpates the Carpathian Hills which divide Hungary and Transylvania from Poland Tardenois Tardanensis Comitatus a County in the Isle of France between the Marne to the South and the Vesle to the North its true Bounds are now lost Tardera Alba Tholobi a River in Catalonia which falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Blanes nine Miles from Barcinone to the North. Tarentaise Tarentesia a Tract or Valley in the Dukedom of Savoy between the Alpes and the Dukedom of Aouste to the East Hossano to the North Savoy properly so called to the West and the Valley di Moriana to the South This was the Seat of the ancient Centrones The principal place in it Montiers It is one of the three principal Provinces of the Dukedom of Savoy but very Mountainous and Barren Targa a Kingdom Desart City and Lake in Africa in Zaara between the Desart of Lempta to the East Zuenziga to the West Biledulgerida to the Noâ—â—h and Nigritia to the South
good Harbor on its South side The usual place where the Dutch Fleet rendezvouz in times of War Near it the Illustrious General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle beat the Dutch Fleet July 31. 1653 slew their famous Admiral Van Trump burnt and sunk twenty six of their Men of War with the loss of only two small English Ships and drove the rest into the Texel Which being seen by the People from the Shore prevented the usual Ceremony of a Thanksgiving for being beaten Teyder-Aa Teydera a River of Livonia in Litland which watereth Adzal and Wolmer then falls into the Bay of Livonia Teysterbandt Testerbantum a small County in the Dukedom of Cleves towards the Maes the Wael and the Rhine in the North of Cleves and on the Southern Border of Guelderland which has been united to Cleves seven hundred years Thabor a celebrated Mountain in Galilee in Palestine six Miles from Nazareth to the East near the Plain of Esdrelon and the Valley of Iesreel having the Brook of Endor springing from its foot Josephus gives it the Height of thirty Greek Stadia and the Plain upon the top of it the compass of two thousand five hundred Paces where the Wind blows very to hard and cold in the hottest Seasons Here our Saviour honoured S. Peter James and John with the View of his glorious Transfiguration in memory whereof Helena the Mother of Constantine the Great built upon the place a stately Church with three small Chapppels representing the three Tabernacles in S. Peter's Wish which Chappels now are almost buried under the Ruines of the Church saving one Altar used sometimes for Mass by the Religious of Nazareth Alexander Jannaeus King of Judah who began his Reign one hundred and three years before Christ built a Fortress upon this Mountain which probably continued till the time of our Saviour and was the same with that taken by Composition in the year after Christ 82 by Vespasian when the Church and Chappels were demolished These latter were re-established in 1099 by Godfrey of Bouillon and divided betwixt the Greek Calcyers and the Benedictine Monks under a Bishop a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Jerusalem In 1187 Saladine took the Mountain and ruined its Works In 1253 the Christians retook it and Pope Alexander gave it to the Templars But in 1290 it was finally lost from the Christians to the Sultan of Egypt It stands in a round conical figure with its sides to the West and South full of Shrubs and Greens Thamar Rha the same with Wolgha Thame a Market Town in Oxfordshire upon the Borders of Buckinghamshire which takes its Name from the River Thame one of the Fountains of the Thames joining with the Isis at Dorchester whose Branches almost encompass it and are here covered with a Bridge leading into Buckinghamshire It is the Capital of its hundred and enjoys the Benefit of a Free-School and a Hospital founded by the Lord Williams of Thame Thames Thamesis Tamesis Jamissa the principal River of England Which has this Name from the Thame and Isis two smaller Rivers its Fountains The first of these arises in Buckinghamshire the second in VViltshire The second is far the greater receives the VVindrush and the Evenclods before it arrives at Oxford beneath that City the Charwell a noble Flood and at Dorchester it takes the Thame Then sporting it self with vast turns it watereth VVallingford Reading and Henly dividing Buckinghamshire from Surrey it watereth VVindsor so passeth to Stanes in Middlesex above which it takes in the Colne and watering Hampton-Court Kingston Brentford and Chelsey it gently glides between Westminster and London on the North and Southwark on the South where it is covered by one of the noblest Bridges in the World More to the East it receives the Lea out of Essex being now able to bear vast Ships it hasteth by Graves End into the German Ocean between Essex to the North and Kent to the South Thanet Tanâ—tos Thanatos Athanatos in Solinus a small Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent surrounded on the South by the Sea and on the West by the River Stoure here called the Yenlade about eight Miles long and four broad In this Island the Saxons first landed and also S. Augustine the Monk In 1628 Nicolas Lord Tufton was created Earl of Thanet by Charles I. Richard the fifth of this Family succeeded in 1680. Thaurn Taurus Thaxted a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Dunmow Theaco Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea betwixt Cephalonia Sancta Maura and the Curzolari under the Venetians The Italians call it Val di Compare It reckons about fifteen thousand Inhabitants a great part banished persons from Zante Cephalonia and Corfu It hath a spacious and safe Haven but no City or good Town only some Villages and it pretends to shew the ruins of Penelope's House supposing Vlysses to have been a Native of this Ithaca Thebe Thebae two celebrated Cities in Antiquity in Egypt and Greece That in Egypt received its ruin from Cornelius Gallus Governour of Egypt But the marks of its former Opulence the number of its Inhabitants its Conquests the tribute and imposts it paid to the King and to the Temples remained engraved in Egyptian Characters upon Obelisks in Germanicus's time who visited as Tacitus says the ruins of this City in his Travels It contained one hundred and forty Stadia in Circuit one hundred Gates and according to those Obelisks seven hundred thousand fighting Men. See Diospolis § The other in Bâ—eotia in Greece hath ever pretended to challenge the ancient Cadmus for its Founder about the year of the World 2620 nigh one thousand four hundred years before the coming of Christ During which Interval it was first adorned with the Title of a Kingdom Next changed into a Republick of great Puissance which maintained War against both the Athenians and Lacedaemonians and over the latter gained a signal Victory by the conduct of their General Epaminâ—ndâ—s at the Battel of Leuctra when both hâ— and Cleombrotus General of the Lacedaemonians were slain Philip K. of Macedon Conquered this City and Garrisoned it with Macedoâ—ians whose yoak they regretted till they revol ed upon the death of that King And refusing to submit to his Son Alexander He by â—orce reconquering them entirely â—uined this City saving the single House of the Poet Pindar and divided the Lands amongst his Soldiers â—bout the year of Rome 419. and the CXI Olympaid Cassander the Son of Antipater King of Macedonia twenty years after rebuilt it and his work is parâ—ly standing at this day in the quality of a Village under the Turks but before those desâ—royers of Mankind possess'd it it was the See of an Archbishop See Stives Thebes See Stives Theobalds a Palace Royal of the Kings of England in Hâ—â—fordshire in the Hundred of Hartford not â—ar â—rom Hodsdon on the Lea and less from Waltham Abbey in Essex It is delightfully situated amongst Groves and Springs
Disorder He reserved also the greater Causes to the Determination of the Diet of Poland contrary to the Privilege granted by Casimirus his Predecessor In 1569. Stephanus King of Poland proscrib'd them for taking part with the House of Austria against him which Quarrel was ended by the Mediation of the Neighbouring Princes In 1597. Vladislaus IV. had also some Controversies with this City about their Imposts The Protestant Religion is imbraced here the Roman Catholick tolerated No Man is admitted into the Senate except he be a Luthoran In 1596. the Senate granted the Jesuits the Monastery of S. Bridget and S. Maries Church but the City opposed it so vigorously that three Days after they were forced to recall their Edict In 1657. this City was forced to burn her own Suburbs to prevent their being taken by the Swedes It lies in Long 41. 30. Lat. 54. 20. Danube Danubius Ister is one of the greatest Rivers in Europe and no less celebrated both in Ancient and Modern Story Called Danubius and Ister whence Ovid. lib. 1. de Pont. Stat vetus Vrbs ripae vicina Binominis Istri The upper part next the Fountains was for the most part called the Danube and the lower from Illyricus or Sclavonia the Ister as Pliny saith by the Germans Donaw by the French Danube by the Italians Danubio by the Poles Dunay by the Turks Tunay It ariseth in the County of Bar in Suabia sour German Miles from Freiburgh to the East and nine from Basil to the North-East running North-East it passes by Vlm having received a great many smaller Rivers on both Sides which for Brevity I must omit At Leucy it entereth Bavaria and a little further from the South receiveth the Leck which passeth by Ausprugh and still continuing its Course as far as Regensburgh it then turns and runs more Easterly to the Confines of Austria where at Passaw it entertains the vast River Inn which comes from Inspruck and brings many other with it from hence it goeth to Vienna where it makes an Island then washeth the Walls of Presburgh the Capital of the Vpper Hungary where it divides and makes the Island of Schut at Comora it unites again and goes on to Gran bending its Course more Southerly from whence it passeth to Buda the Capital of all Hungary where it makes two other Islands one above Buda and another a little below Colocza The Sarawitz which comes from Alba-Regalis falls into it from the West then the Drave at Esseck then the Tibiscus a vast River of Vpper Hungary from the East and the Save again on the West by Belgrade which is the first Town of Servia from hence its Course is more East having Moldavia VValachia and Bialogrod on the North Servia and Bulgaria on the South where it makes many Isles and then entereth the Euxine or Black Sea by three great Outlets the two more Northerly being as it were reunited in the very Entry of them into the Sea Dr. Edward Browne in his Travels saith That at Crainburgh not far distant from the Head it appeared a considerable Stream a little after from the City Vlm in Suevia where it beginneth to be Navigable it continues a long Course passing by Ingolstad Ratisbone Straubing Passaw Lintz and Vienna unto Presburgh from whence through Hungary it makes a Course of above three hundred Miles before it passes by Belgrade It drinks in above sixty considerable Rivers and in a sober Account performs a Course of above 1500 Miles from its Rise to its Fall This River has had many Naval Fights upon it between the Turks and Christians At one time there were twenty Galliots eighty small Pinnaces and little less than a hundred Ships of Burthen employed upon it in a Siege of Buda At the Siege of Belgrade Mahomet the Great brought two hundred Ships and Galleys up the Stream the Hungarians sent so many from Buda down the Stream that after a sharp Encounter the Hungarians took twenty and forced the rest on shoar near the Camp so that Mahomet was forced to burn them to prevent their being taken by the Christians This perhaps is more than can be said of any other River in the World It abounds in good Fish as Trouts Perches large and delicious Carps exceeding saith Dr. Browne any I have seen c. some of which is every Year salted and sent into other Parts This River to conclude was for many Ages the Boundary on this Side of the Roman Empire and against the barbarous Nations accordingly the Roman Legions had their Stations upon its Banks they were the Founders of many of the Cities and many memorable Actions in those early Days happened near it sometimes between the Romans themselves and sometimes between them and the Barbarians Danvilliers See Damvilliers Daphne a delightful Village of old in Syria upon the Banks of the River Orontes five Miles from Antioch the Great Where was a large famous Cypress Wood consecrated to Apollo with a Temple to his Honour also and another to Diana and a Spring called the Fountain of Daphne The Romans for some time kept a Legion here till they found their Men effeminated by the Pleasures of the Place Pompey the Great charmed with its Beauty became a Benefactor to it Constantine M. built a House of Pleasure in it in the Year 326. Gallus caused the Body of the Martyr Babylas the Patriarch of Antioch to be transported hither whereupon it is said Apollo surceased his Oracle Julian the Apostate commanded the said Body to be removed in 362. After which the Temple of Apollo was so consumed in a Storm of Thunder and Lightning that in S. Chrysostom's time only one Pillar now nothing is remaining thereof And the Christian Emperors succeeding Julian erected Churches in its Room Darbon Alpheus a River in the middle of the Morea which falls into the Ladon which falls into the Orfea and divides at Pilus one Branch called Illiaco runs West and entereth the Ocean over against Zant the other Alpheo runs South and entereth the Gulph of Arcadia over against the Town of Stroffhad 20 Miles North-West of Arcadia Darby Derby Derbia is both a City and a County in England The County has Nottinghamshire on the East Leicestershire on the South Staffordshire on the West and Yorkshire on the North. The River Derwent divides it into two Parts running North and South and at last falls into Trent which is its Southern Boundary That Part which lies East of Derwent is plain and fruitful the Western Parts are more mountainous and barren but abound in Mines of Lead Iron Coals and afford good Pasture for Sheep In the South-East Part of this County upon the River Derwent lieth the City of Derby which first takes its Name from the River and then lends it to the County A fine rich well-traded City On the East Side it has Derwent covered by a Stone-Bridge on the South it hath a clear Rivolet called Mertenbrook and within it five Parish-Churches Thomas Lord
Stanley was created Earl of Darby in 1486. by Henry VII in the first Year of his Reign The present VVilliam Stanley who is the ninth Earl of this Family and the fourth of England succeeded Charles his Father in 1672. A Title heretofore enjoyed first by the Earls of Ferrers and Darby and afterwards by several Princes of the Royal Family Darda a strong Fort at the North end of the Bridge of Esseck built by the Turks in 1686. and taken by the Germans when they burnt the Bridge Retaken by the Duke of Lorrain in 1687. and designed to be fortified but soon after deserted rather that the Turks might have a free Passage to their ruin as came to pass Aug. 12. 1687. when they received the greatest Overthrow near this Place which has befallen them in this last Century See Mohatz The Dardanelles Dardanium Dardania are two Castles built by Mahomet II. The one in Europe where anciently stood Cestos the other in Asia in the place of Abidos upon the streightest part of the Helespont They stand two hundred Miles South of Constantinople as being the Keys of that City The famous Monsieur Thevenot who saw them in 1655. thus describes them as he is translated That which is in Romania on the Side of Europe is built in a triangular Form at the Foot of an Hill which commands and covers it where there is a little Town This Castle hath three Towers covered with Lead whereof two are towards the Land and the third which is the biggest upon the Harbor It hath said he as I could discern with a Perspective-Glass about twenty Port-holes level with the Water in which besides what I could observe by my Glasses I was assured that a Man might easily creep into some of the Guns they were of such a prodigious Bore The other on the Asia Side is in a Plain and seemed to me to be almost square It hath three Towers on each Side and a Dungeon or Platform in the Middle but not so many Port-holes as the other These Castles are of no Strength to Landward being only designed against Ships as Mr. Sandys and all observe but they were kept by strong Garrisons This Place is famous for the Loves of Hero and Leander the Passage of Xerxes by a Bridge of Boats the Passage of the Turks a little above these Castles and of later times for three Naval Victories obtained here by the Venetians in 1655 1656 and 1657. Since that the Turks have built two other Castles which bear just upon the entrance of the Hellespont about three Miles more South than the old Dardanelles That on Asia Side lieth not above two Miles from Troas upon a flat Ground That on Europe on the side of a Hill with round Towers and several Ascents after the old Fashion as Mr. VVheeler observes which he saith were built since Mr. Sandys's time and in all probability since 1655. upon the Occasion of those Venetian Victories The Turks call Lepanto and Patras at the entrance of the Bay or Gulph of Lepanto the Dardanelles by way of Allusion There are two other such Castles call'd the Dardanelles of the Gulph of Larta in Epirus eighty English Miles North-West from Lepanto Dardania the ancient Name of a Country in the upper Maesia which became afterwards a part of Dacia and now makes properly the South Quarter of the Province of Servia wherein Nizza and Vscopia stand § Also an ancient Town and Province of Troas in Asia the Less mentioned by Mela Pliny c. Darha a Country City and River in the Division of Biledulgeridia in Africa The River is subject to an annual Inundation which beginning in April if a great one makes a fruitful Year Towards this River stands the City Darha in Darha properly so called which is one of the three Parts this Country is divided into the others being Itata and the Kingdom of Teslete This Country lies between the Kingdom of Morocco Tesset and Segellomessa under the Obedience of the King of Teslete who is a Tributary to the Emperor of Morocco It abounds particularly with excellent Palm-Trees Daria an ancient Episcopal City of Mesopotamia fifteen Miles from Nisibin It has also been called Anastasiopolis and Anastasia from its Founder the Emperor Anastasius Darien a City upon the Gulph of Vrraba with a great River in the Province of Terra Firma in the South America The See of this City has been transferred thence to Panama being not so considerable a Place as formerly The River is otherwise called the River of S. John and El Rio Darien Darking a Market-Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon a Branch of the River Mole which at a Place called the Swallow by the Foot of a Hill here falls under Ground and rises again the Distance of a Mile thence near Norbury Darlington a Market-Town in the Bishoprick of Durham the Capital of its Wapentake with a fair Bridge over the River Skerne where there runs another small Rivulet into it Darmstad Darmstadium a Town and Landgravate in the County of Gerawer in Franconia upon the River Darmstad which has a fine Castle where the Landgrave of Gerawer or Darmstad resides It stands two Miles from the Rhine and three from Francfort on the Mayn towards the South And belongs to a Branch of the House of the Landgraves of Hesse thence entituled the Princes of Hesse-Darmstad Daroca a Town in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain upon the River Xiloca four or five Leagues from Calatajud and about ten from Saragossa Dartford a large Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent not far from the Influx thereof into the Thames The Rebellion of John Tyler alias Jack Straw in the Reign of Richard II. in 1381. began here Darwent a River in Darbyshire another in Cumberland and a third in Yorkshire Sir Francis Ratcliff of Dilston in the County of Cumberland was made Earl of Darwent-VVater by K. James II. August 24. 1687. Baron of Tindale and Viscount Ratcliff and Langley See Derwent Daventry a Market and great Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Fauseley upon a Rivulet that falls into the Nen. Daulia Daulis an ancient City of Phocis in Achaia not far from Delphi to the South It has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Athens now ruined § A second in Macedonia whose modern Name is Eladasagni Dauphine Allobroges Delphinatus a great Province in the South-East part of France bounded on the East by Piedmont on the North by Savoy and La Bresse from which it is separated by the River Rhosne on the West by Lion and Vivarais from which the same River divides it and on the South by Provence It had heretofore Princes of its own called the Daulphines but Humbartus II. their last Prince in 1343. gave this Principality to Philip de Valois King of France upon Condition that the eldest Son of the King of France should bear this Title which has been ever since