from whose and what goods chattels lands and tenements then any others in his predecessors reigns except those of King Edward the 1. and 3. I read in the Chronicle of Fabian printed at London by John Kyngston An. 1559. as likewise in Holinshed and Stow That Anno 1467. the seventh of King Edward the 4th his reign Sir Thomas Cooke late Mayor of London was peached of Treason by a servant of the Lord Wenlocks called Hawkins for refusing to lend 1000 marks upon good Surety to Queen Margaret arrested and sent to the Tower and his goods seised by the Lord Rivers then Treasurer of England After the said Sir Thomas had lyen a time in the Tower he was brought unto the Guildhall and there arraigned of the said Treason and quit by sundry Enquestes Finally after many persecutions and losses he was compelled as for a Fine set upon him for offence of misprision to pay unto the King eight thousand pounds And after he had thus agreed and was at large he was then in new trouble against the Queen The which demanded of him as Her right for every thousand pound payd unto the King by way of Fine an hundred marks it should be pounds For which he had after long suit and great charge and in conclusion was fayne to agrée and to give her a great pleasure besides many good gifts that he gave to her Counsel Or as Raphael Holinshed Grafton and John Stow storie he could not be delivered out of Prison till he had payed eight thousand pounds to the King and eight hundred pounds to the Quéen to wit for her Queen gold due out of his Fine I shall cloze up the Records of this Kings reign with a memorable Action brought by Elizabeth his Queen Consort against a Sheriff who detained her Gold he had levyed in the Office of the Clerk of the Pleas which I transcribed out of the Plea Rolls with my own hand Placita coram Baronibus apud Westm de Termino S. Trinitatis Anno Regis Edwardi quarti post Conquestum vicesimo Rot. 1. dorso ELIZABETHA Regina Angliae Consors Domini Regis venit coram Baronibus hujus Scaccarii sexto die Julii hoc anno per Robertum Calcote Attornatum suum queritur per Billam versus Robertum Radclyffe Armig. nuper Vic. Com. Norff. Suff. hîc in Curia eodem die super Compoto suo de Officio suo praedicto hîc ad hoc Scaccarium reddendo per Thomam Aldehouse Attornatam suam de eo quod praedict nuper Vic. ei debet injustè detinet quatuor libras decem et novem solidos Argenti pro eo injustè Quod cum Dominus Rex nunc 14. die Februarii Anno regni sui decimo septimo mandasset quoddam Breve suum fieri fac extra hoc Scaccario suo Vic. Norff. Suff. tunc existenti direct per quod quidem Breve eidem Vic. praeceptum fuit Quod non omitteret propter aliquam libertatem quin eam ingrederetur de bonis catallis terris tenementis Gilberti Debenham Armig. in Balliva sua fieri faceret viginti et tres marcas parcellam viginti et sex marcarum quas dictus Gilbertus debebat praefatae Reginae per nomen carissimae Consortis ipsius Domini Regis Elizabethae Reginae Angliae de AVRO SVO de quodam 4 fine Ducentarum sexaginta Marcarum dicto Dom. Regi solut pro Dominio et Manerio de Catyngston cum pertinentiis in Catyngston Holbrooke Wolmerston Fryston alibi infra Hundredum de Staunford in dicto Com. Suff. praefato Gilberto haeredibus de corpore suo excuntibus per dictum Dom. Regem nuper concess Et quod denarios illos haberet ad Scacc. dicti Dom. Regis apud Westm crastino Claus Paschae anno regni ejusdem Regis decimo octavo praefatae Reginae seu 5 ejus in ea parte Receptori ibidem tunc solvend prout in eodem brevi pletus continetur quod quidem Breve deliberatum fuit sextodecimo die Februarii dicto Anno 18. apud Villam Westm in Com. Midd. praefato nuper Vic. jam Defend tunc Vic. dict Com. Norff. Suff. per manus Roberto Calcote tunc servienti praedictae Reginae virtute cujus quidem brevis praedict jam Def. tunc Vic. dict Com. Norff. Suff. vicesimo die Martii dicto Anno 18. apud Gippewicum in praedict Com. Suff. fieri fecit levavit de bonis catallis praedicti Gilberti ad triginta et quinque solidorum de 4 l. 19 s. praedict prout ipse nuper Vic. jam Defend super brevi illo coram praefatis Baronibus apud Westm ad crastinum Clausi Paschae praedicti returnavit prout hic in hoc Scaccario liquet de recordo Ac cum dictus Dom. Rex quinto die Maii dicto Anno 18. mandasset quoddam aliud breve de fieri fac extra hoc Scac. praefato nuper Vic. jam Defend tunc Vic. dicti Com. Norff. Suff. existent direct per quod quidam breve eidem Vic. praeceptum fuit quod non omittat propter aliquam libertatem quin eam ingrederetur de bonis catallis terris tenementis praedicti Gilberti in dicta balliva sua fieri faceret 11l 17s 8d de remanencia 26 marc quas debebat praefatae Reginae de AVRO SVO de quodam 4 fine 260marc dicto Domino Regi solut pro Dominio Manrrio de Catyngston c. ut supra Et quod denarios illos haberet ad Scac. dicti Dom. Regis apud Westm in Crastino Sancti Michaelis dicto Anno 18. praefatae Reginae seu 5 ejus in ea parte Receptori ibidem tunc solvend prout in eodem brevi plenius continetur quod quidem breve deliberatum fuit sextodecimo die Julii dicto anno 18. apud Villam Westm praedict praefato jam Defendenti tunc Vic. dict Com. Norff. Suff. existenti per manus praedicti Roberti Calcote virtute cujus quidem brevis dictus jam Defendens tunc Vic. dict Com. Norff. Suff. 20 die Septembr dicto anno 18 apud Gippewicum praedict fieri fecit et levavit de bonis et catallis praedicti Gilberti ad valenciam 30 solidorum resid de 4. l. 19 s. praedict prout ipse jam Defend super brevi illo coram praefatis Baronibus apud Westm ad crastinum Sancti Michaelis returnavit prout hic in hoc Scaccario liquet de recordo Quae quidem summae per dictum jam Defend sic levatae in toto se attingunt ad dict 4 l. 19 s. Et licet praefata Regina post levationem return brevium praedictorum sic factorum saepius requisivit praefat jam Defend ad ei solvend dict 4 l. 19 s. jam in demanda ipse tamen jam Defend 4 l. 19 s. illos sive aliquam inde parcellam praefatae Reginae nondum solvit sed hoc facere contradixit ad dampnum
like nature with those here enumerated mentioned in the Fine and Pipe Rolls and 6. Section On the other hand Aurum Reginae is not due or payable for any Subsidies Aides Quindisms Tonnage Poundage voluntarily granted to the King by the Lords Commons in Parliament or Disms by the Pope or Clergy for the Necessary defence of the Kingdom or Church of England or Holy Land or for Fines for respite or remission of their payment at the times limited as most conceive Nor for Fines imposed and ascertained by Judgement of the Court against the Offenders wills not left indefinite to the Kings pleasure and parties subsequent Composition or agreement Nor for voluntary Fines or Oblations of Palfries Hawks Tuns of Wine or the like to the King either alone or joyntly with any certain sum of money as of 10D marks or pounds in gold or silver and of one two three or more Palfries Hawks or Tunnes of Wine frequent in all ancient Fine and Pipe Rolls because these were not money nor apportionable and their rates values being uncertain variable our Law could set no certain rate or proportion on them nor any processe be legally issued to levy them SECT V. What Interest the Queen-Consorts have in their Queen-Gold By what officer it is to be received By what Processe to be levyed when unpaid and on what lands goods To whom the Arrears there of accrue after the Queens death THIS Duty of Aurum Reginae is so absolutely vested in the Queen that although the King himself should pardon or remit all or any part of his Fine to the party by which it became due to the Queen yet he could not pardon remit nor apportion this Duty to his Queen nor respite the Process to levy it without her own consent And if the King her Husband deceased this Debt survived to the Queen and was leviable in the reign of the succeeding Kings not withstanding by like processe as before This Duty or Revenue was received collected levyed by a special Officer or Clerk in the Court of Exchequer authorized and appointed by Patent from the King or Queen or both of them to receive collect levy and render an Account there of in that Court If this Duty was not voluntarily paid it being a Debt grounded on and warranted by matter of Record as the Fine Rolls in the Court of Chancery or Extracts Pipe-rolls in the Exchequer wherein the Oblations Fines out of which it arose are enrolled it was levied by Writs of Extent or Execution issued out of the Court of Exchequer to the Sheriffs in the self-same manner form as the Kings debts were next after the Kings own debts but not before them and that upon the Debtors lands or goods which he had at the time when it first grew due or upon his Sureties in case he had no lands nor goods to satisfie it If the Queen-Consort deceased all the Arrears of this Duty accrued and survived of right to the King her Husband if living and to his Successor if dead who levied them by processe out of the Exchequer as they did their other proper Debts SECT VI. A Chronological Collection of the Principal Records Patents Writs Accounts in the Tower of London and Court of Exchequer at Westminster concerning Aurum Reginae with brief Observations on them HAving rendred you this Summary Account of this Duty of Aurum Reginae and of the several materials circumstances that concern or relate unto it in general and special I shall in this last Section present to your view a Chronological Collection and Transcript of all the principal Records Patents Writs and Accounts extant in the Tower of London and Court of Exchequer at Westminster which have hitherto come to my view with some brief Observations on and from them Which will copiously evidence justifie ratifie the truth of what I have asserted concerning Aurum Reginae in the premised Sections and display what else may conduce to the full discovery or knowledge of this abstruse over-long-concealed discontinued Prerogative of the Queens of England to all those who desire information or satisfaction therein I shall begin with the ancientest and so descend in order of time to the last Records and Memorials of this Subject referring each of them by figures to the premised Sections so farr as they prove evidence confirm or illustrate the contents thereof The first and most memorable Record I have yet seen which both mentions and Treats of Aurum Reginae is a Dialogue or Treatise enrolled in the Red and Black Book of the Kings Exchequer at Westminster whereof there is a fair Transcript in Lincolns Inne Library given to it by our Famous Antiquary Mr. Will Lambard a Member of that Society An. 1572. intituled Gervasii Tilberiensis De Necessariis Scaccarii Observantiis Dialogus dedicated by him to K. Henry the 2. in the 23. year of his reign as himself relates in his Proeme Anno Domini 1177. in the second Part of which Dialogue cap. 26. 1 DE AURO REGINAE he renders us this exact Account concerning the Quiddity Quantity Quality Legality and manner of levying this duty in the Exchequer in that and former ages per Consuetudines et Iura Scaccarii as his Proeme informs us I shall present you with his intire Dialogue concerning this Duty Ad haec noverint hi 1 qui in pecunia numerata Regi 4 sponte obligantur quod REGINAE similiter tenentur licet expressum non fuerit Quamvis enim non sit expressum est tamen promisso compromissum Vt cum Regi Centum vel Ducentas Marcas promiserit REGINAE pariter teneatur pro Centum Marcis Argenti Regi promissis IN UNA MARCA AURI pro Ducentis IN DUABUS MARCIS AURI et stâ— deinceps In his autem perquirendis 5 eadent lege Vicecomes per omnia utetur qua in Regiis usus est non tamen ante sed post Cum ergo de Regiis debitis summonitiones fiant 5 adest Clericus Reginae ad hoc constitutus Et addit in summonitione de illo has Centum Marcas pro causa illa ET AD OPUS REGINAE UNAM MARCAM AVRI. Summonita autem ad Scaccarium ab eius Officialibus ad 〈◊〉 iâ—â—titutis seorsâ—m suscipiuntur Noveris etiam quod 5 llicet Rex de promissa sâ—bi summa mediam partem dimiserit vel universam vâ—l etiam summonere disâ—ulerit de his tamen quae ad REGINAM pertinent sâ—cundum quod sibi visum fuerit per omnia fiet ut ea nolente nec dimittantur nec differentur quae sibi debentur sed summonita solbantur et non solventes praedicto modo coerceantur Discipulus Nunquid de promissis Regi citra Centum Marcas aliquid REGINAE debetur Magister Quibusdam sic videtur ut 1 usque ad Decem Marcas teneatur ut scilicet is qui Regi decem Marcas promiserit IN UNA UNCIA AURI REGINAE TENEATUR Aliis non nisi de Centum
sent to the Barons of the Exchequer to be firmly observed REX mand eisdem quandam Cedulam coram se et Consilio suo super AVRO REGINAE proviso oâ—dinatam praesentibus interclusam Mandantes eisdem quod 4 ea quae super hoc provisa sunt et ordinata de caetero firmiter servari faciant c. BAronibus c. salutem Mittimus vobis quandam Scedulam coram nobis Consilio nostro super Auro Reginae proviso ordinatam praesentibus interclusam Vobis madantes quod ea quae super hoc provisa sunt ordinata de caetero firmiter observari faciatis Teste c. apud Westm 9 die Julii Tenor illius Scedulae talis est De 4 donis quae spontanea voluntate donatoâ—uis ex gratia conferuntur et contingat quod aliquis de dono proprio finem faciat non habebit Regina Aurum Si vero Papa conferat Decimam vel constâ—ilem gratiam Domino Regi et faciant inde finem vel siquis finem pro hujusmodi Decima vel Quintadecima vel Vicesima alicujus Communitatis seu patriae seu pro donis aliorum quam pro sui ipsius ibi fiat sicut fieri debet An. 5 E. 1. The Officers of Eleanor Queen Consort to King Henry the 3d. and mother of King Edward exacting Queen-gold from the Barons of the Cinque Ports for their free courteous gift of the 20th part of their goods to King Henry his Father by processe issued out of the Court of Exchequer against the King and Counsils resolution the year before contrary to all equity and right the King thereupon issued this Mandate to the Barons to discharge them thereof QVia 4 aequitati dissonum fore reputat Rex quod Barones Duinque Poâ—tuum pro curialitate quam Domino Henrico Regi fecerant de micesima bonoâ—um suoâ—um eidem Patri gratis concedenda et praestanda distringantur ad AURUM REGINAE Angliae Matri Regis praestandum occasione micesimae praedictae Rex mandat eisdem Baronibus quod Barones quinque Poâ—tuum praedictos de pecunia quae ab iis erigitur per summonitionem Scaccarii pro AURO praedicto occasione praediatae Micesimae quietos esse faciant Teste c. REX Baroâ—bus suis de Scaccario suo Dublin salutem Allocate Magistro Thomae de Cheddeworth nuper Custodi nostro Archiepiscopatus Dubl in compoto suo ad Scaccarium praedictum triginta unam libras quas per praeceptum nostrum liberavit Willielmo de Walleye Auditori compoti ejusdem Archiepiâ—copatus et 5 AURI Consoztis nostrae c. Teste meipso apud Westm 6 die Julii anno r.n. 7. By which it appears that Queen-gold was then payd to the Queen in Ireland where she had an Officer to receive and account for it In the Roll of Vasconie Anno 8 E 1. I found this Record which hath some Analogie to Queen-gold in England that the wives of all the Lords of Agen for the time being had a certain Annual summe paid unto them over and above the Lords rent and fine out of all Bayliwicks of that land sold or let to farm which the King by this Writ commanded his Steward and Receiver of the Dutchy of Aquitain to pay to his Royal Consort Eleanor Queen of England and Dutchesse of Aquitain in as ample proportion as Jone Countesse of Poictiers and Tholouse in the time of her Husband whiles the lands were in his hands and afterwards the Queen of France enjoyed it when in the hands of the Kings of France that so she might not be in a worse condition than this Countess being a Queen and Dutchesse too REX Senescallo suo in Ducatu Aquitanniae vel Receptori suo in terra Agenensi salutem Cum er antiqua consuetudine Croâ—es Dominoâ—um Agen qui pro tempoâ—e fuerunt de singulis Ballibis illius Terrae benditis seu ad fir mam traditis ab illis qui easdem Ballibas emunt belad firmam recipiunt annis singulis certam habuerunt quantitatem pecuniae Nos nolentes quod karissima Consoâ—s nostra A. Dei gratia Regina Angliae Domina Hiberniae et Ducissa Aquitaniae deteriozis conditionis eristat quam fuerunt Crores Dominoâ—um Agenen tempoâ—ibus retroactis set potius st fieri possit meliozis Hobis mandamus quod diotae Cansoâ—ti nostrae bel ejus Mandato be singulis Ball bis a tempoâ—e quo dida Terra ad manum nostram debenit benditis bel ad firmam traditis seu benditis imposterum aut tradenois tantum quantum Johanna quondam Comitissa Pictaven et Tholesena tempoâ—e birisui et postmodum illustris Reginae Franciae tempoâ—e quo ipsa terra fuit in manu Domini Regis Franciae biri sui consueberunt percipere et babere faciatis annis singulis restitui Teste Rege apud Westm 5 die Julii REX Thes Baronibus suis de Scaccario saluteâ—â— Cum nuper sexto die Januarii anno regni nostri decimo concesserimus Bonefey de Crekelade Judaeo quod de illis viginti quinque libris tresdecim solidis sex denariis per quos 4 finem fecit nobiscum pro transgressione monetae solveret nobis per annum ad Scarcarium nostrum quadraginta solidos ad duos anni terminos donec praedicta pecunia nobis plenè solveretur Aetdem Judaeus in 5 prisona nostra detineatur pro AURO karissimae Consoâ—tis nostrae Alienorae Reginae Angliae per quod pecuniam illam solvere non potest ut accepimus Nos eidem Judaeo gratiam facere volentes uberiorem concessimus eidem Judaeo quod de praedictis viginti quinque libris tresdecim solidis sex denariis solvat nobis per annum ad Scaccarium nostrum viginti solidos unam videlicet medietatem ad Scaccarium nostrum Sancti Michaelis proximo futur aliam medietatem ad Scaccarium nostrum Paschae proximo sequens sic de anno in annum ad eosdem terminos viginti solidos donec pecunia praedicta nobis plenè solvatur Et ideo vobis mandamus quod eidem Judaeo terminos illos habere sic fieri irrotulari fac T. R. apud Westm 20 die Inn. QUia Rex concessit karissimae Consorti suae A. Reginae Angliae omnes exitus finium amerciamentorum catallorum fugitivorum dampnatorum alâ—orum quorumcunque de Hundredo de Gattre in manu ipsius Consortis Regis ex concessione Domini H. Regis existente provenientes de ultimo Itinere Justic in Com. Leyc Rex mand Baron quod exitus illos per extract Scaccar levari Iohanni de Berewyke 5 Custodi Auri ejusdem Reginae ad opus ejusdem Reginae liberari fac That the Queen Debts of AURUM REGINAE and other Debts belonging to her by antient and approved Custome were by her Prerogative to be received and levyed before all other Creditors Debts in the same manner and by like Processe as the
Rotulis et Memorandis dicti Scaccarii Regis continetur et usitatum invenitur quod hii qui in pecunia numerata progenitoribus Regis spoute se obligant Reginis quae pro tempore fuerunt similiter tenebantur licet expressum non fuisset videlicet pro 100 Marcis in una mar AURI pro 200 m. in duobus Marcis AURI sic deinceps pro majori summa plus pro minori minus Rex volens quod negotium illud per Barones discutiatur et ulterius flat quod justum fuerit in hac parte Mandat Baronibus quod scrutatis Libris Rotulis et Memorandis praedictis si per inspectionem eorundem per discussionem coram eis super praemissis faciend eis constare poterit ita esse tunc praedictos Majorem Aldermannos Cives ad praedict 200 l. eidem Reginae pro AVRO SVO sine dilatione reddend compelli prout justum fuerit fac Teste Rege apud Westm. 22 die Octobris Anno regni nostri undecimo Nota quod hoc Termino vel antea praedicta Regina obiit whereupon I finde no entry of the Barons resolution given therein After this Queen Mothers decease the King by his Letters Patents under the Great Seal of England and by Privy Seals issued to the Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer authorized Thomas Earl of Norfolk Marshal of England and Edmund of Woodstock his Brothers and other Executors of this Queen to receive and recover all Debts due to her and the arrears of Queen-gold which he granted to them to be levyed with all speed in the same manner as the Queen her self might have done and as his own debts were levyed EDward par la grace de Dieu c. au Tres e as Barones de nostre Eschequer Come entre autres choses que nous avoms grants al executors de Testament Margaret Reigne Dengleterre les deniers grantez que touts maners de Dets que estoient duez de la dit reigne de levant en la mesme manere come nos fesoms lever les nostres sicome plus pleinement est contenus en lettres de nostre grand Seal et nous entenduz que grand provis DEL OR e dettes ailloms sont uncors arrers Mandoms que mesme le OR et dettes facer lever a tote le haste que vbous unquez poyres pur le mieulx execution de dit Testament King Edward in the 18 year of his reign issued this Writ to his Barons for the due Collection of his Queen Isabels Queen-gold EDward par la Grace de Dieu c. As Tresorer Barons de nostre Eschequer salutz Nous vous mandoms que vous soeffrez Isabelle Royne Dengleterre nostre trescher Compaigne preindre et aver SON OR sauntz nui nusement et le facez lever a son oeps auxi come ad este acustumez ceo enarrire Et ceo ne lessez Don souz nostre prive Seal a Wint. le 9 jour D'octobre l'an de nostre regn 18. Et memorandum quod Breve liberatum fuit Camerar 11 die Octobris per praeceptum Thess Custodiend quod quidem Breve Robertus de Hoton Clericus dicti Thes recepit eodem die quo aliud breve de privato figillo directum fuit Thes Camerar de recipiendo AVRO praedicto ad opus Regis From these Records in the reign of King Edward the 2. I shall observe 1. That the Queen Consort her self by her Patents constituted a special Clerk in the Exchequer to demand collect and receive her Queen-gold as a Legal Debt Duty belonging to her 2ly That it was levyed by the same Processe as the Kings Debts were and that the distresses taken for it were sold by Sheriffs and Baylifs of Liberties who demanded the same fees for both 3ly That it was due and demanded for a voluntary composition or fine made by the Mayor Aldermen and Commonalty of London with the King for the Twentieth part of their goods granted in Parliament to the King though not for the Disms Quindisms and Twentieth part when paid in specie or compounded for by any person for himself alone 4ly That in doubtfull causes concerning this Duty of Queen-gold the Black or Red Books Records Memorials in the Exchequer were consulted and pursued to descide the same 5ly That the Queen-Mother after the King her husbands decease recovered the arrears of Queen-gold vested in her before his death in the reign of the succeeding King in the self-same manner and by the like processe in the Exchequer as she should have done in his life-time but not enjoy any Aurum Reginae for Fines or Oblations to the succeeding King 6ly That by the death of the Queen Mother the Arrears of Queen-gold due unto her meerly by her Royal Prerogative accrued to the King her Son not to her Executors unlesse specially granted to them by the King And that her Executors by the Kings special grant had the self-same process for the recovery thereof and all other Debts due unto her as the King or Queen her self enjoyed in her life-time 7ly That our Kings gave special charge to the Treasurers and Receivers of their Exchequer by their Writs and Mandates from time to time for the levying of this duty of Queen-gold to the use of the Queens to whom it was due without delay or impediment The Records concerning Aurum Reginae during the reign of King Edward the 3. come next in order to be presented to your view I shall begin with this Writ of Privy Seal by the King to the Treasurer and Barons of his Exchequer for the levying of all sorts of debts due to his Mother Queen 〈◊〉 wherein Queen-gold was included and particularly specified by name which John de Oxenden her Receiver General should shew to be due unto her by such processe out of that Court as should be most for her profit EDward par la grace de Dieu c. As Tresorier et Barons de nostre Eschequier saluz Come Isabell Reyne Dengleterre nostre treschier Dame et Miere vous eit mandez per ses 5 lettres que elle ad establi et assigne son Clerk Johan de Oxenden Recevour des issues de ses terres a faire lever totes les dettes que sont dues a nostre dite Dame et Miere auxibien des issues de ses dites terres come de SON OR et a faire retrere reconissances faites a nostre dite Dame et Mere a nostre dite Escheqier quele heur q'il verra q'il soit a faire a son profit Vous mandoms qe vous recevez le dit Johan a pursuire et parfourmir totes les choses suisdites solon◠le purpoet et la tenour des lettres nostre dite Miere avantdites Don souz nostre Prive seal a Wyncestre le 12. jour de Marz l'an de nostre regne quart What lands are liable to be extended for Queen-gold and from what time this ensuing Record An. 7
Regi solvend sicut continetur inter brevia execut pro Rege de hoc Termino in Northumbr Et ad praedictum Crastinum praedictus Vic. retornavit breve mandavit quod cepit in manum dicti Domini Regis de terris catallis praedictorum hominum et pleg suorum ad valenciam 40 s. de debito praedicto Et quia praefata Regina mortua est prout superius continetur et denar praedict ad 5 Regem et non ad alium de jure pertinent Ideo idem Vic. viz. Ricardus de Horsley oneretur bersus Regem de 40 s. praedictis praetextu retorn 〈◊〉 Pasch 48 E. 3. Bristoll PRaeceptum fuit Vic. Bristoll per Breve hujus Scaccarii dat 13 die Febr. hoc anno 48. quod de bonis et catallis johannis Ken Thomae Panes Junioris Nicholai Panes Thomae de Coventre de Bristoll Johannis Castleacre Johannis Bath de Bristoll Willielmi Iageroun 5 plegâ—i praedicti Johannis Ken et de terris et ten quae sua fuerunt Anno 27 Regis nunc et postea in Balliva sua fieri faceret 56s quos debent Philippae nuper Reginae Angliae defunct de AVRO SVO de 4 fine 40l pro diversis transgressionibus conspirationibus ertorsionibus dampnis er grabaminibus super ipsum praesentatis Ita quod denar illos haberet hic in Crastino Claus Paschae hoc Termino Regi solvend sicut continetur inter Brevia executa pro Rege de hoc termino Et ad praedictum Crastinum praedictus Vic. videlicet Johannes Viell return breve Et mandaverit quod cepit in manum Regis de terris catallis Thomae Coventre Johannis Castleacre Jehannis Bathe plegii praedicti Johaennis Kenn ad valentiam 56s praedictorum Et quia praesata Regina mortua est prout superius continetur et denar praedict ad Regem et non ad alium de jure pertinent Ideo idem Vic. videlicet Johannes Viell oneretur versus Regem de 56s praedictis praetextu returni sui praedicti London PRaeceptum fuit Vicecom London per breve hujus Scaccarii dat 18 die Novembris Anno 47 Regis nunc sicut plur quod de bonis catallis Antonii de la Vale de Ast de 5 terris et ten quae sua fuerunt An. 37 Regis nunc seu postea in quorumcunque manibus eadem terr et ten tunc extiterunt in balliba sua fieri facerent 20 l. quas praefatus Antonius debuit Philippae nuper Reginae Angliae defunctae de AVRO SVO de 4 fine 200l pro diversis Custumis Regi debitis de diversis Mercandisio per ipsum in Angl. adductis et abinde eductis subtractis et concelatis unde coram Domino Rege Consilio suo fuit convictus sicut continetur in Memorand de Anno 37. Regis nunc inter Fines de Termino Sanctae Trinitatis s qui quidem denar ad Regem occasione mortis praefatae nuper Reginae sunt devâ—â—â—ti ita quod denar illos haberent hic in Crastino Sancti Hillarii hoc Termino Regi solvend sicut continetur ligula Brevium de Termino Sancti Michaelis hoc Anno 48 in London Et ad praedictum Crastinum praedict Vic. non return Breve set praedictus Antonius inventus hic in Curia 27. die Januarii hoc termino quesitum est ab eo si quid dicere sciat quare de praedictis 20l. Regi satisfacere non debeat Dicit quod ipse non habet Munimenta Memoranda sua ostendenda ad praesens pro exoneratione sua inde petens diem citra quem informari poterit inde Ideo inhibitum est ei per Barones ne recedat a Curia quousque satisfecerit Regi de praedictis 20.l vel ostenderit siquid habeat pro exoneratione sua in hac parte Et nichilominus idem Antonius praestitit corporale Sacramentum quod ipse non transibit per spacium unius Leucae extra Villam quousque satisfecerit Regi de eisdem 20l. vel ostenderit sufficiens warrantum pro exoneratione sua inde In Magno Rotulo Scaccarii de Anno Quinquagesimo Regis Edwardi 3. in Item Eborum in Custod Clerici Pipae reman inter alia continetur ut sequitur Anno 50 E 3. Philippus Darcy frater haeres Johannis Darcy filii haeredis Johannis Darcy fil haer Johannis Darcy le Piere reddit Compotum de 42 marc 6s 8d in quibus cognovit se velle onerari versus Regem in exonerationem praedicti Johannis Darcy le Piere de quodam debito de 100 marc de AVRO REGINAE viz. de quodam 4 fine mille marcarum pro maritagio Jacobi le Botiller Comitis D'ormond habendo sicut continetur in Memorand de Anno 49 Regis hujus inter Record de Termino Hillar In Thesauro liberavit per dictum Philippum Et quietus est Thomas Preston Vic. 6s 8d de quodam debito 20s quos debuit Philippae nuper Reginae Angliae de AVRO SVO de 5 fine 10l pro maritag Feliciae filiae et unius haered Hug. de Mussinden habend sicut continetur de Anno 44 Regis hujus inter Record de Termino Paschae Thomas de Preston Vic. 40d de bon cat Thom. de Brauncestre Agnet ux ejus de AVRO REGINAE de 4 fine 10l pro maritag Feliciae filiae et unius haered Hugo de Mussynden habendo sicut continetur in Memorand de Anno 45. inter Record de Termino Sancti Mich. From these Records during the reign of King Edward the 3d. to which more might be added had I leisure to peruse all the Records in his reign extant in the Treasuries of the Exchequer at Westminster I shall observe 1. That the Queen Mother and Queen Consort in the reign of King Edward the 3d. by their Letters Patents constituted their own Clerks Attorneyes and Receivers in the Court of Exchequer to demand levy recover and receive their Queen-gold and other their Debts to their uses 2ly That Queen-gold was due unto the Queen Consort by Law and Custom out of all Oblations and Fines to the King in any of the Kings Courts in the Land of Ireland in the same and in as ample manner as it was in England yea leviable recoverable by the self-same Writs Processe in the Exchequer as the Kings own debts were and to be levyed before the debts due to any other Creditors 3ly That King Edward the 3. as our other Kings by his Writs and Mandates to his Treasurers Barons and other Officers took special care that his Queen Mother and Queen Consort might speedily and effectually recover their Aurum Reginae from all sorts of Oblations and Fines in all their Courts in England and Ireland out of which it ought to be paid because the defrauding the Queen of this Duty and Prerogative was not only a dishonor but a disinheriting to the King himself 4ly That
time and view of all the Records and Presidents viz. Librâ—m Rubrum in Scaccario fol. 56. it should be 46. de Auro Reginae where it is said That it is to be taken De iis qui sponte se obligant Regi c. which is the foundation of this Claim and of a Record in the Tower 52 H. 3. and of a Record in the Exchequer Hill 12 Ed. 3. and in the Tower in the same year in Rot. Claus and of Acts of Parliament 15 E. 3. cap. 6 31. E. 3. cap. 13. and the 13 R. 2. in Turri and divers other Presidenâ—s and Processes out of the Exchequer in the times of R. 2. and H. 4. and other Kings until the time of H. 7. It was Resolved that the Quéen hath right to it but with these limitations 1. That it ought to be sponte by the Subject sine coactione so that this ought to be at the pleasure of the Subject whether he will give or no And for this all Fynes upon Judgement or by offâ—r or Fyne for alienation or in any other case where the Subject doth not do it sponte sine aliqua coactione viz. That the King of Right ought to have it there the Quéen shall have nothing 2. It ought to be sponte fine consideratione allcujus reventionis seu interesse that the King hath in esse in jure Coronae and for this upon sale or demise of his Lands or Wards or Goods of Felons Out lawes Et simili casu for these are Contracts and Bargains concerning the Revenues and Interests of the King and it cannot be said in such case that the Subjects sponte se obligant as to purchase or buying any the Revenues and Interests that the King hath 3. It ought to be sponte super considerationem et non ex mera gratia et benevolentia Subditi For that which is of mere Grace is not properly said of Obligation or Duty and the words of the Records are to have de iis qui sponte se obligant and so it was ordained by the King and his Counsil as appears by the Record of Hill 4. E. 1. in Scaccario 4. It ought to be sponte super considerationem quae non longe reventionem seu interesse Coronae in any thing which the King hath as if the subject give to the King sponte a summ of money for license in Mortmain or for to createâ— a tenure of himself or to have a fair Market Park Chace or warren within his Mannor there the Quéen shall have it For the Subject did this sponte and was not constrained unto it and this doth not concern any revenue or interest of the King but if the King hath a Fair or Market or Park or Warren and grant it for a summ of money there the Queen shall have nothing for this was a thing in esse and parcel of the revenue of the Crown And by that it appears that forasmuch as little or nothing is given in such case where this of right is due this is not now of any such value as was pretended And this Resolution was reported to our soveraign Lord the King by Popham in the Gallâ—ry at Whitehall If this Report of these two Referrees concerning Queen-gold be true and genuine and not vitiated or corrupted with some additional restrictions since superadded to it which I suspect yet it is most clear by both their resolutions That Queen Anne had then a RIGHT UNTO this duty of Queen-gold and that it is due of RIGHT from some sort of Fines and Oblations specified in the fourth resolution But by reason of those limitations put upon it by this Report he saith this is not now of any such value as was pretended And that the â—oundation of this her claim was the Red Book of the Exchequer and other Records then viewed and briefly quoted in the Report Whether they perused those or any other Records I know not but had they viewed all those here transcribed I am very confident they would never have reported to King James that the Queen shall have nothing or no Aurum Reginae by offer or â—ine for Aliâ—nations or for sale or demise of his Lands or Wards Goods of Felons or Outlaws and the like for these are contracts and bargains concerning the Revenue and Interest of the King and it cannot be said in such cases that the Subjects sponte se obligant Since most of the forecited Records expresly averr the contrary against which there can or ought at least to be no averment especially by such eminent Judges and Lawyers as those Referrees then were What further proceedings were used by the Queen or her Counsil for the recovery of this her unquestionable antient legal Duty of Queen-gold after this Report I cannot certainly determine neither the Queen nor her Counsil being satisfied with most of the limitations therein specified since diametrically repugnant to the Records they produced to justifie her Right thereto Sir Edward Cooke in his 4 Institutes p. 357. printed since his death cites the premised Patent of King Henry the 3. to Prince Edward his eldest son Pat. 52 H. 3. m. 26. whereby he granted him the Land of Ireland with all its appurtenances adeo liberè quietè sicut tam in manu nostra teneremus per quod charissina filia nostra Alianora Consors dicti fili nostri AURUM SUUM tam de finibus quam de sponte oblatis in terra Hâ—berniae habere debet sicut charissima Consors nostra Alianora Regina Angliae AURUM SUUM habet de eisdem in regno nostro Angliae Vobis mandamus c. From whence he observes That albeit the Wife of Prince Edward was not Queen of Ireland by name yet she had the effect of it therefore she should have a Duty called AURUM REGINAE as well as the Queen of England being but Laâ—y in Ireland For albeit the King of England was untill the Statute of 33 H. 8. c. 1. stilâ—d by the name of Lord of Ireland yet was he supremus absolute Dominus and had Royal Dominion and Authority and that his Consort was in rei veritate REGINA or else she could not have had AURUM REGINAE A clear confession and acknowledgement that the Queen-Consorts of England by their Prerogative as Queens had an anâ—ient right to Queen-gold not only in England but Ireland too before the Kings of England were 〈◊〉 Kings of Ireland much more then since 33 H. 8. which changed their Title of Lord into King of Ireland In the 11. year of K. Charles the 1. upon the Petition of Mary his Queen-Consort after a full hearing and debate of the Antiquity and Legality of this Royal Prerogative of AURUM REGINAE before the King and Queen by their learned Counsil at Law and the reading of several Presidents and Records produced by them relating thereunto the King was pleased to send this Writ to the Treasurer and Barons of his Exchequer for the levying
Wallie in Hibernia An. 7 Edw. 1. p. 22. Johannes de Berewyke An. 13 to 20 Edw. 1. p. 23 to 28. Walterus de Castello An. 14 Edw. 1. p. 23. Johannes de Godeleye Godele or de Godesley An. 28 Edw. 1. p. 28 29 108. Johannes Drury An. 7 Edw. Regis 2. p. 30. Robertus de Hoten An. 18 Edw. 2. p. 32. Johannes de Oxenden An. 7 Edwardi Regis 3. p. 33. Johannes Eston or de Eston An. 18 34 Edw. 3. p. 37 38 48. Rogerus de Cloune An. 27 Edw. 3. p. 41. Johannes Cooks An. 27 Edw. 3. p. 114. Sire Johane Tabby An. â— Henrici Regis 5. p. 66. Geffray Paynel An. 3 Henr. 5. p. 66. Thomas Dokes An. 5 Henrici Regis 6. p. 68 119. Thomas Crooke Willielmus Essex An. 24 Henr. 6. p. 67. Nicholaus Lathel Robertus Calderot Deputatus ejus An. 8 9 Edwardi Regis 4 p. 69. Thomas Stydolfe An. 20 21 Edw. 4. p. 101. Johannes Icham An. 22 23 Edw. 4. p. 101. Edmundus Chaderton An. 3 Henrici Regis 7. p. 119 120. Richardus Deacons Armiger An. 1 to 22 Henrici Regis 8. p. 120 121. Griffinus Richards An. 22 Henr. 8. p. 122. Georgius Taylor An. 25 or 27 Henr. 8. p. 122. A Chronological Catalogue of Queens Attorneys herein mentioned WAlterus de Kancia An. 7 Edwardi Regis 1. p. 107. Thomas de Clough or Clogh An. 25 27 Edwardi Regis 3. p. 36 37 39 41 100 114 115. Walterus Campeden An. 27 Edw. 3. p. 38. Johannes de Hedyndon or Edyndon An. 28 Edw. 3. p. 42 118. Johannes de Holt An. 30 34 Edw. 3. p. 43 44 45 117. Johannes Crooke Willielmus Essex An. 24 Henr. 6. p. 67. Johannes Iâ—ham An. 22 23 Edw. 4. p. 101. Mr. Herbert An. 11 Caroli Regis 1. p. 72 109. FINIS ERRATA PRay correct these Errataes at the Press in some Copies Pag. 16. line 32. for Communicata read Communitati p. 33. l. 12. Margaret r. Isabel p. 58. l. 1. in r. ne l. 3. destre evaunt r. desore en avant p. 105. l. 12. a r. autem l. 44. regio r. Regis p. 115. l. 43. omnia r. omni p. 118. l. 20 21. for Katherins his Mother r. Joan his Grandmother a 1 Eliz. c. 1. 5 Eliz. c. 1. 3 Jaâ— c. 4. b The First Second and Third Tomes of an Exact Chronological Vindication and Historical Demonstration c. London 16â—6 1667 1668. c Here p. 9 10 d 12 Car. 2. ch 24 27 Car 1. ch 20. e See page 46. f See pag 7. 51 to 56. a 12 Reports p. 21 22. b 4 Institutes p. 3â—7 c In my Epistle to an exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower In my Brevia Parliamentaâ—ia part 1 2 3 4. My Plea for the Lords The First and Second part of my Demurrer to the Jews Remitter into England * An Exact Collection of the Records in the Tower My â—lea for the Lords and House of Peers The 1 2 3 and 4 part of A brief Register and Survey of Parliamentary Writs The 2 â—art of my Demurrer to the Jews long discontinued Remitter into England The 1 â— 3 Tâ—â—e of my Chronological Vâ—ndâ—cation and Historical Collection of our British Roman Saxon Daâ—ish Norman English Kings Supreme â—â—cleslastical Iurâ—sdiction c. * Placita Parl. Anno 33 E. 1. Claus 33 E. 1. m. 3. Claus 14 E. 2 m. 14. Pat. 16 E. 2. pars 1. m. 28. Claus 11 E. 3. pars 1. m. 13. dorso Claus 14 E. 3. pars 2 m 10. dorso Claus 34 E. 3. m. 15. intus Claus 36 E. 3. m. 25. intus Pat. 3 E 6. â— die Maii. Pat An 9 Eliz. 8 die Junii Pat An. 2 Jac. 30 Decemb. 10 Jac 4 Julii a Cooks 1 Instit f. 133. 2 Ash his Repertory â—it Praerogative sect 149 151 152 155 156 the Books there cited b Mr. Seâ— dens Titles of Honor Part 1. ch 6. sect 7. p. 114 118 119. b Printed London 1656. p. 21 22. c Plin. Nat. Hist l. 33. c. 1 2 3 4. d Augustinus Cassiodorus others Enar. Exposit in Psal 7â— alias 7â— v. 15. e Operum pag â—â—7 De Fine Auri f See Cotgraves Dictionary Tit. Besant Gul. Somneri Glossarium Dr. Wats his Glossarium Tit. Bizantium g Radulphus de Diâ—â—to Ymagines Hist col 640 642 655. h See Fines 9 Johann An. 40 H 3. m. 18. An. 41 H 3. m. 6 c. i Psal 21. 3. k Esth 4. 11. ch 5 2. c. 8. 4. l Psal 45. 9. 13. * Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor part 1. ch 8. sect 2 3. m 1 Kings 9. 11. n 1 Kings 10. 9 10. o 1 Kings 9. 28. ch 10. 14 15. p Eccles 2. 8. q Psal 72. 10 11 15. r â—ay 60. 6. Å¿ Mat. 2. 1 to 11. t â—ee the 2d Tome of my Historical Vindication p. 13. to 64. x De Stella Magis c. Operum Tom. 3. Edit Pamelii p. 285. y 2 Kings 18. 14. 16. z 2 Kings 23. 33 35. a Pat. 43 H 3. pars 2. m. 15. Pat. 4 E 1. m. 10. Pat. â—7 E 1. m. 8. Pat. 12 E 2. pars 1. m 30 dors Pat 12 E 3. pars 2. m. 4. Fines 15 E. 3. m. 14. Cl. 47 E 3. m. 25. Pat. 12 R. 2. pars 3. m. 23 Plowdens Comâ—ment f. 310 to 340. Brook Prerogative 134 137. b Scriptorum Britanniae Cent. 3. c. 7. 58. p. 250. * Recorded likewise in the Black Book of the Exchequer a Duplicate thereof c Sir Edward Cooks 12 Reports p. 21 22. * Psal 45. 9 13 14. 1 Peâ— 3. 3. d ff de Legibus l. 31. Princeps ff De Jure Fisci l. 6. Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor part 1. ch 6. Sect 7. p. 110 118 119. †Vid. Gervas Tilber Ms. in recept Scac. Et Acta publica de re saepius * As the Charter Patent Clause Rolls abundantly evidence e Operum Pars 3 P. 182. f Rom. 13. 7 8. Mat. 23. 24. * See Littleton sect 97,98 222. Cooks 1 Institutes f. 149. Anno 23 H. 2. Christi 1177. * Neither the Red nor Black Book was compiled by Gervasius they containing many things done long after his death * Lib. Niger in Scac. p. 43 44. * Id est de condonatione * Oblata Regi in Rem See the Pipe Rolls of H. 2. R. 1. K. John H 3. E. 1 2 3 c. Tit. Oblata Nova Oblata Oblata Curiae Promissa a See Tho. Walsingham Ypodig Neustriae p. 22. b See Mr. Seldens Titleâ— of Honor. part 1. ch 6. sect 7 9 110 111. Ulpian ff de Legibus l. 31. Princeps ff De Jure Fisci l. 6. c Capgrave Petrus Ribadeniera and others in her life My Historical Chronological Collection Tom. 1. p 43 to 47. 100 105. d Justinian c. de Donat. inter vir uxor l. 26. Capgrave Ribadeniera others that write of