HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE DIEV ET MON DROIT SPECVLVM BRITANNIAE The first parte An historicall chorographicall discription of Middlesex Wherin are also alphabeticallie sett downe the names of the cyties townes parishes hamletes howses of name c. W th direction spedelie to finde anie place desired in the mappe the distance betwene place and place Without compasses CVM PRIVILEGIO BY THE TRAVAILE AND VEW OF Iohn Norden Anno 1593 TO THE HIGH AND MOST MIGHTY EMPRES ELIZABETH BY THE DIVINE PROVIDENCE QVEENE OF ENGLAND FRAVNCE AND IRELAND POWERFVL PROTECTOR OF THE FAITH AND VNDOVTED RELIGION OF THE MESSIAH THE MOST COMFORTABLE NVRSING MOTHER OF THE ISRAEL OF GOD IN THE BRITISH ISLES HER HIGHNES LOYALL SVBIECT IOHN NORDEN IN ALL HVMILITIE CONSECRATETH HIS SPECVLVM BRITANNIAE E R HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE SEMPER EADEM TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR WILLIAM CECILL KNIGHT LORDE BVRGHLEY Lordhigh Treasurer of England and of hir Maiesties most Honorable priuy Counsell HAuing by your Honorable meane my good Lord obteined at the hands of my sacred SOVEREIGNE gratious passe priuiledge for mine intended labours the description of famous ENGLAND I cannot but in dutie render vnto your Honor condigne thanks and withall diligence and dutifull endeuour proceed therein hoping that although in regarde of my long sicknes other impediments this beginning carrie not so absolute perfection as in your wisedome may be required yet may I enioy your patient directions and gratious assistance I shall effect the residue more fully to answere Honorable expectation Your Honors in all dutie IO. NORDEN TO THE CONSIDERATION OF THE HONORABLE WISE AND LEARNED ALthough I cannot but confesse that I am the vnwoorthiest of manie in this lande and especiallie in these daies of surpassing knowledge to vndertake after other farre more deseruing so commendable a labor which requireth arte industrie learning countenance and charge wherewith I am not so fullie furnished as some other Yet it may please you in fauour to accept of my willingnes and beare with my wants And the rather for that it hath beene helde heeretofore an excuse in curtesie Velle bene though in this age more ripe in experience is expected Optimè perficere which neither altogither escapeth without emulation I as ouercome with a desire to take pains to profite my Countrey rest vndoubtfull that the wise and learned will not onely tollerate but in fauour accept this simple beginning The fruits of my trauell tend not alone to my selfe in priuate but to the publike ease of many In lieu whereof my hope and desire is that he that can reprooue will friendly reforme what he findeth iustly faultie So shall my proceedings grow to more perfection and I by all endeuour will seeke to accomplish what may answere discret affections Nihil vbique placet IO. NORDEN Aduertisements touching the vse of this labor IT is to be noted that for your ease I haue in the list of the Map of the Shire set downe certaine deuisions letters and figures the deuisions are in steed of a scale of the miles the lesser coÌ„taining one the greater two miles The letters and figures serue for the present finding of any place desired in the Map which places are found in the Alphabet with the letter and figure that direct to the place desired A matter of so great facilitie as needeth no example He that desireth to know the distance betweene places in the Map without compasses the vse of the crossing lines which serue for a vniuersall scale through the Map answereth his desire Whereas in the collection of the Alphabeticall table there are heere and there dispersed houses of Nobility Gentrie I craue fauorable consideration though I haue not so narrowly acquired their interestes as that may assure me that they be all the true ownoures in fee of the places which they are resident in which thing to obserue as it doth not meerely appertaine to my purpose So were it a matter intricate and the more for that information often vncertaine must be of necessitie the chiefest guide therein Such therefore as I conceiue most doubtfull for want of certaine certificat I haue noted with two starres thus ** Also in this commencement of my trauailes I haue obserued certain funeral monuments with the armes if any theron rest vndefaced which if it may be fauorably conceiued I shall with more diligence obserue the like hereafter whereby may be preserued in perpetuall memory that which time may deface and swallow vp in obliuion Also by this obseruation many may be certified of the places where their auncestors and allies are interred and by the coates finde out their vnknowne kinred Negotium ex negotio seritur IOHN NORDEN Io. Nordenivale ad primam partem sui SPECVLI BRITANNIAE VAde liber Speculi caput es tua meÌ„bra sequentur ELISABETHA potens arxque patrona tua est Quid si in te domin úmque tuum ruet inuidus audax Tu dominúsque tuus tutus inermis eris Ito forà s valeásque liber te forte sagaces Incultum voluant caetera culta forent Ibis in orbe gerens quamuis tua fata libelle Ardua principio spes meliora canit ELISABETHA valens altissima maxima firma Auxilium quandò sceua procella venit Haec tibi conductum non te pericula tangunt Digna patrona illa est spesque salusque tua The Saxon Alphabet A b c d E f g H i k l M n o p q r S s t u Æ¿ X x y a A b b c c d d e e f f g g h h i i k k l l m m n n o o p p q q r r S S s s t t u u w w X X x x y y AE Æ ae ae Th à th ð th þ and that ê§ A BRIEFE DECLARATION OF THE TITLES INHABITANTS DIVISIONS AND SCITVATION OF ENGLAND or BRITANNIA maior a necessary introduction to our Speculum Britanniae NOtwithstanding it resteth vncertaine how when and by whom this our BRITANNIA was first peopled yet to satisfie such as expect the iudgements and opinions of some auncient writers concerning the same Berosus in Chald. an t Annius in Beros Caesar Com. I thinke it not impertinent to scite the affirmation of * Some suspect that the historie of Berosus was but counterfeit falsly fathered vpon hu name therefore helde of no great authoritie Berosus who saith that Samothes called also Mesech brother to Gomer and Tuball called also Dis the sixt sonne of Iaphet the sonne of Noah came into this land about 252. yeres after the floud who called it Samothea 3593. yeeres past in which name it continued vntill Albion the sonne of Neptune who discended of Cham entred the same and chaunged the name of Samothea into ALBION This Albìon raigned about 562. Ringman in des Europae yeeres after the floud in the yeere of the worlds creation 2219. 3340. yeeres since Plinie calleth it ALVION
betweene it and Syon entreth into the Thames This worde Brent among the countrey people of those partes signifieth Brent the word how the people take the signification and is taken for all brookes riuers and currants of water therefore is euerie small brooke called the Brent among them Neere vnto this place Edmond Ironside Edm. Ironsides conflict with the Danes assaulted the Danes which he had driuen from the siedge of London and there put manie of them to the sword and put the residue to flight about anno Christi 1016. the place appeereth by this carracter ✚ Brentford old H. 14. a little thorowfare * Bushoppes hall F. 22. the house of the Lord Wentwoorth Blackwall G. 22. neere which is a harbor in the Thamis for shipping Blackwall why so called the place taketh name of the blackenes or darkenes of the water bankes or wall at that place Brompton G. 16. ** Boston G. 12. where dwelleth Iherome Halley Esquire Bedfont west H. 6. Bedfont east H. 8. * Brumfielde C. 20. the house of Skeuington Esquire C. Cannons D. 10. Crowch ende D. 18. * Coanie Hatch D. 18. there dwelleth Trot Gentleman Clapton E. 22. ** Canburie or Cannonburie E. 20. a house in the hands of Atee Gentleman It was builded by prior Bolton prior of Saint Bartholmewes in Smithfield in the time of H. 8. Childes hill E. 16. Chalcot or Chalkhill E. 16. Cowley F. 6. Chelsey G. 18. Chelsey why so called So called of the nature of the place whose strond is like the chesel which the sea casteth vp of sand pebble stones Therof called Cheselsey breefely Chelsey as is Chelsey in Sussex north of Chychester which standeth vpon the very edge of the sea as this * Chelsey on the Thamise Queene ELIZABETH hath there a faire house The Lord Dacres hath there a faire house Cheswicke H. 14. belonging to a prebend of Paules now in the handes of Doctor Goodman Deane of Westminster where he hath a faire house whereunto in the time of any common plague or sicknes as also to take the aire he withdraweth the schollers of the colledge of Westminster * Colham Collumbe or Colneham G. 6. a house of the Earle of Darbies which taketh name Colneham of the scytuation thereof so neere a branch of Colne streame Colbrooke or Colnebroke G. 6. one little part wherof is in MIDDLESEX as farre as the bridge the rest is Buckingham shire Craneford H. 8. It is so called of the forde or brooke called by the name of Crane Carleton or Charleton K. 8. D. Dalis D. 14. Dryuers hill D. 14. * Durance B. 20. the house of Robert Wroth Esquire ** Durhams B. 14. Lacye Gentleman a house in the hands of Daleson hill E. 14. Dormans well F. 10. the house of the Lo. Dacres * Drayton G. 6. a house late the Lord Pagets E. Edgeworth D. 12. consisting of one maine streete the west side whereof belongeth to little Stanmer called also Whitchurch the other part hath a church in it selfe ƿorþ ƿorþ in the Saxon toong signifieth a place fruitefull and fit in regarde of the apt scytuation thereof to be inhabited this ƿorþ standing on the very edge of the shire may be called Edgeworth of some but corruptly Edgeware East end D. 16. a member of Finchley Edmondton or Edelmeton C. 20. In the Church whereof are sundry ancient monuments the most of them defaced among which is a tombe of gray Marble circumscribed thus Hic iacent corpora Thomae Carleton cuiusdā dni Thomas Careleton buried istius villae qui obiit 21. die Februar Anno Do. 1447. Elizabethae vxo ris eius filiae Adae Francis militis per quam habuit dominium whose arms are these There is also one Iohn Kirketon Esquire Iohn Kirketen buried whose monument is of white free stone erected in the south wall of the Church and seemeth as auncient as the Church it selfe but there is no record of the time of his decease his armes are these There is a fable of one Peter Fabell that lyeth in the same Church also Peter Fabell buried who is saide to haue beguiled the Deuell by pollicie for money But the Deuell is deceite it selfe and hardly deceiued Edmonton streete C. 20. Enfield B. 20. sometime parcell of the land of the Duke of Lancaster now Queene Elizabeths The chace called Enfield chace taketh name of this place It is called of some Enfen and so recorded Enfen in regarde of the Fenny scytuation of some part thereof vpon the marshes or meerish ground which though now brought to be good meadow and profitable pasture it hath beene in time past fenney thereof taking the name Enfen or Infen now Enfielde But these fenney grounds are now on the east as the chace in the west profitable neighbors not onely vnto Enfield but to many other poore inhabitants neere Elinge called great Elinge G. 12. Thomas frowike buried In the Church whereof lyeth buried Thomas Frowike sometime owner of Gunnersbury or Gunwelsbury an auncient seat within the same parish Eueney H. 6. a ferme house belonging vnto the Deane and chapter of Westminster Enfielde house A. 20. Queene ELIZABETHS builded by an Earle of Worcester F. Frith called also New hall D. 14. sometime the Therlebyes now Richard Weekes Gentleman Lord Frowike by purchace Finchley D. 16. In the Church whereof lyeth the Lord Frowyke Lord chiefe Iustice of England in the time of H. 6. vnder a Marble toombe where hath beene his picture and armes in brasse with circumscription about the toombe but now defaced his armes onely remayning in the chauncell window in this manner There is also another Marble stone hauing the picture of a woman whereon is inscribed thus Ioan la feme Thomas de Frowicke gist icy le dit Thomas Pense de giser aueque luy There lyeth also buried vnder a Marble stone in the Chauncell of the Church one Thomas Aldenham Esquire sometime Chirurgion to King Henrie the sixt who died in Anno 1431. Thomas Aldeuham his armes Fryarne Barnet C. 18. ** Fryarne Mannor C. 18. Sir Iohn Popham knight Lord chiefe Iustice of England sometime maketh there his abode ** The Folde B. 16. the house of Fulham H. 16. of the Saxons called fullonham which as Master Camden taketh it signifieth Volucrum domus the habitacle of birdes or the place of fowles fullon and fuglas in the Saxon toong doe signifie fowles and Ham or Hame as much as home in our toong So that fullon Ham or fuglasHame is as much to saie as the home house or habitacle of fowle It may be also taken for Volucrum amnis the riuer of fowle for Ham also in many places signifieth Amnis a riuer But it is most probable it should be of lande fowle which vsually haunt groues and clusters of trees whereof in this place it see-meth hath beene plentie * There is an auncient house belonging to the sea of London moated aboute Henry the
third often lay at this place The hoste of the pagan Danes in the time of K. Alphred did winter there in the yeere of Christ 879. the woodes Galfr. mon. Greg. inpast and apt scytuation of the place for passage by water no doubt moued them thereunto Feltham I. 8. Feltham hill I. 8. G. Gernford F. 10. a very fertile place of corne standing in the pure vale Gunnersbury or Gunwelsbury G. 14. an auncient house well scytuate for wood water and ayre sometime the Frowickes now belonging to the ** Corbets S. Gyles in the fielde F. 18. erected by Matylde Queene to H. 1. Rex E. 3. for leprous people about Anno 1117. H. * Harefield E. 4. There Sir Edmond Anderson knight Lord chiefe Iustice of the common plecs hath a faire house standing on the edge of the hill The riuer Colne passing neere the same through the pleasant meddowes and sweete pastures yeelding both delight and profit Highwood hill D. 12. a member of little Stanmer Hendon D. 14. of the Saxous Highendune Hendon why so called which signifieth Highwood of the plentie of wood there growing on the hils * Hendon house D. 14. the mannor house of Hendon Sir Edward Herbertes knight where nowe is often resident Iohn Fortescue Esquire one of hir Maiesties most honorable priuie Counsell when he taketh the ayre in the Countrey Hollicke D. 18. there are noted the foundations of ancient buildings affirmed by some aged men that it hath beene a Towne but oftentimes Immensa cani spirant mendatia folles Harnsey of some Hornesey D. 20. a parish standing neere the Bishop of Londons woodes or parkes which of that place heeretofore had and yet retaine the names of Harnsey parkes The Church of Harnsey is supposed to be built with the stones that came from the ruines of Lodghill Hadley B. 16. Holway the lower E. 20. Holway the vpper E. 18. Highgate E. 18. a hill ouer which is a passage Highgate why so called and at the top of the same hill is a gare through which all maner passengers haue their waie the place taketh the name of the highgate on the hill which gate was erected at the alteration of the way which as is saide before was on the east of Highgate When the way was turned ouer the saide hill to leade through the parke of the Bishop of London as nowe it doth there was in regard thereof A tole at Highgate a tole raised vpon such as possed that way with carriage And for that no passenger shoulde escape without paieng tole by reason of the widenes of the waie this gate was raised through which of necessitie all traueilers passe This tole is nowe fermed of the said Bishop at fortie pound per annum At this place is a free schole builded of bricke by sir ROGER CHOLMELEY knight A free schoole sometime Lorde chiefe Iustice of England about the yeere of Christ 1564. The pencion of the master is vncertaine there is no vsher and the schole is in the disposition of sixe governors or feffees Where now the schole standeth An heremitage at Highgate A Cawsway betweene Highgate and Islington was an Hermytage and the Hermyte caused to be made the causway betweene Highgate and Islyngton and the grauell was had from the top of Highgate hill where now is a standing ponde of water There is adioining vnto the schole a chapple for the ease of that part of the countrey for that they are within the parish of Pancras which is distant thence neere two miles Vpon this hill is most pleasant dwelling yet not so pleasant as healthfull for the expert inhabitants there report that diuers that haue beene long visited with sicknes not cureable by Physicke haue in short time repayred their health by that sweete salutarie aire ** At this place CORNEWALLEYES esquire Cornwallis esquire hath a verie faire house from which he may with great delight beholde the stately Citie of London Westminster Greenewich the famous river of Thamyse and the countrey towardes the south verie farre Hamsted E. 16. standeth vnder a hill in a verie healthfull ayre hauing London in verie pleasant perspect In the church thereof lieth M. ARMIGELL WAADE esquire in a faire monument of Alablaster raised in the wall of the Chauncell with this inscription Memoriae sacrum Optimis charissimis parentibus ARMIGELLO WAADO è Brigantium antiqua familia oriundo Armigell Waad Esquire buried HEN. 8. EDW. 6. Regum Secretori concilio ab epistolis in agro Middlesexiano Eirenarchae qui in maximarum artium disciplinis prudentiaque ciuili instructissimus plurimarum linguarum callentissimus legationibus honoratissimis perfunctus inter Britannos Indiarum Americarum explorator primus Ex duabus coniugibus ALICIA PATENIA ANNA MERBVRIA 20. liberos progenuis tandemque post vitam honorifice pientissimè defunctam anno virginei partus 1568. Mensis Iunii die 20. in domino placide obdormuit Et ALICIAE PATENIAE quae patri 17. libros peperit è quibus duo mares tres femellae adhuc in viuis existunt quae vita castissime temperatissimè transacta anno salutis humanae 1568. animam pientissimam Redemptori reddidit GVLIELMVS WAADVS filius maeximus natu heres Idemque diuae ELIZABETHE Reginae concilio Secretori ab epistolis hoc monument um posuit Harrow on the hill E. 10. standing verie high in a place both pleasaunt and ftuitefull and though loftely mounted on a hill yet in reasonable sort watered In the I le of the church lieth buried M. WILLIAM GERARD Esquire DORATHEY his wife William Gerrard esquire buried who dwelled at Flamberds so called of the Flamberdes who somtime possessed the same this WILLIAM GERARD deceased the 15. Apr. 1583. Flamberds and they both lie in a tombe of white marble raised in the wall Diuers of the Flamberds of Flamberdes a hamlet in Harrow are interred in the same Church among whom is one IOHN FLAMERDS on whose tombe is thus inscribed Ion me do marmore numinis ordine flam tumulatur Barde quoque verbere stigis è funere hic tueatur Iohn Lyons his gift to the erection of a free schoole There is a schoole in Harow as yet not a free schoole but intented to be and one IOHN LYONS Gent hath giuen after his decease to be imployed towards the erection and founding therof 300. pound and 30. pound per ann for a Master and 10. pound for an Vsher as it is informed a president good to be followed of the able Hellingdon great F. 6. Lorde Strange burted In the church lieth buried vnder a tombe couered with a marbell stone the Lord STRANGE whose tombe is circūscribed thus Sub hac tumba iacet nobilis IOHANNES dominue le STRANGE Dominus de Knocking Mahun Wasset Warnell Lacy Dominus de Colham vna cum pictura IAGNETTAE quondam vxoris suae quae quidem IAGNETTA fuit soror ELIZABETHAE Reginae
is called Lodghill Lodghill sometime a fo rs for that thereon sometime stoode a lodge when the parke was replenished with Deare but it seemeth by the foundation that it was rather a castle then a lodge for the hill is at this day trenched with two deepe ditches now olde and ouergrowne with bushes the rubble thereof as bricke tile and Cornish slate are in heapes yet to be seene which ruines are of great antiquity as may appeere by the okes at this day standing aboue 100. yeeres grouth vpon the very foundation of the building It did belong to the bishop of London at which place haue beene dated diuers cuidences some of which remaine yet in the bishops regestrie as is said This parke hath beene replenished with stately timber trees in great aboundance now with the famous fort fallen to the ground as the Poet saith Euum cuncta rapit furtiuáque temporamutant Naturam fortem Nominaque faciem ** Ludraues b. 18. a faire house scytuate in a valley neere Enseylde chace belonging vnto Lymehouse G. 22. Lalam I. 8. Littleton I. 8. in regard of the quantitie it may be called Linletowne Linluon M. More hall E. 4. Mylhill D. 14. Muswell hill D. 18. called also Pinsenall hill there was a chapple sometime bearing the name of our Ladie of Muswell where now alderman Roe hath erected a proper house the place taketh name of the Well and of the hill Mousewell hill for there is on the hil a spring of faire water which is now within the compas of the house The Ladie of Muswell There was sometime an image of the ladie of Muswell whereunto was a continuall resort in the way of pylgrimage growing as is though as I take it fabulouslie reported in regard of a great cure which was performed by this water vpon a king of Seats who being strangely diseased was by some deuine intelligence aduised to take the water of a Well in England called Muswell which after long scrutation and inquisition this Well was found and performed the cure absolutely to denie the cure I dare not for that the high God hath giuen vertue vnto waters to heale infirmities as may appeere by the cure of Naaman the leper by washing himselfe seauen times in Iordan 2. King 1.14 Iohn 5.2 and by the poole Bethesda which healed the next that stepped thereinto after the water was mooued by the angell * Mockings called also the mannor of Mockings D. 22. an auncient house of the Lord Comptons moated about Morehatch A. 20. a hamlet of Enfeylde Marybone F. 18. Meerstreete F. 22. a member of Hackney N. Northend C. 16. a hamlet of Finchley ** Newington E. 20. there the Earle of Oxforde is sometime refident in a very proper house Neesdon or Neusdon E. 14. a house sometime the Elringtons Northolt lodge F. 6. Northolt F. 8. it soundeth Northwood for hols in the Germayne toung signifieth wood Norwood or Northwood F. 8. Norcote or Northcote G. 8. O. Olde forde F. 22. a village taking name of the forde or passage at that place ouer the riuer Lea in time past * Osterley or Oysterley G. 10. the house nowe of the ladie Greshams Osterley builded a faire and stately building of bricke erected by sir Thomas Gresham knight Citizen and Marchant aduenturer of London and finished about anno 1577. It standeth in a parke by him also impaled well wooded and garnished with manie faire ponds which affoorded not onely fish and fowle as swanes and other water foule but also great vse for milles as paper milles oyle milles and corne milles all which are now decaied a corne mill excepted In the same parke was a verie faire Heronrie for the increase preseruation whereof sundrie allurements were deuised and set vp fallen all to ruine P. Prnner E. 8. * Pymmes C. 20. a proper little house of the right Honorable Lord Burghley Lord high Treasurer of England Ponder sen B. 20. a hamlet of Enfeylds Potters bar A. 16. Preston E. 12. Peryuale or Pureuale F. 10. of this place is spoken before in the nature of the soyle of MYDDLESEX Paddington F. 16. Paddingwyke G. 14. for the the signification of Wyke see Kingstonwyke Pancras Church Pancras Church very auncient F. 20. standeth all alone as vtterly forsaken old and wetherbeaten which for the antiquitie therof it is thought not to yeeld to Paules in London about this Church haue bin manie buildings now decaied leauing poore Pancras without companie or comfort yet it is now and then visited with Kentish towne and Highgate which are members therof but they seldome come there for that they haue chappels of ease within themselues but when there is a corps to be interred they are forced to leaue the same in this forsaken church or churchyard where no doubt it resteth as secure against the day of resurrection as if it laie in stately Paules Pancras as dessolate as it standeth is not forsaken of all aprebrend of Paules accepeth it in right of his office Parsons greene H. 16. R. Riselip E. 16. S. Syon H. 12. was built by HENRIE the 5. sometimes a house of munkes Syon builded but this king expelled them and in t heir place established certaine virgins of Bridgets order and appointed of them so many with priests and lay brethren as were equall with the number of the Apostles and Disciples of Christ namelie of virgines 60. priests 13. deanes 4. lay brethren 8. which made 13. Apostles and 72. Disciples of Christ vpon whome hauing bestowed sufficient reuenues for their maintenaunce he made a lawe that they should not accept of any other gift but content themselues with his contribution and to bestow on the poore whatsoeuer was aboue that which might reasonably suffice them It is now a house of hir Maiesties standing most pleasantly vpon the riuer of Thamys It was called Syon in remembrance of that hill in Ierusalem which was called the Holy hill the mount of the Lord the Citie of Dauid Mouns Syon ** Swakeleys E. 6. sometime a house of the Brockeyes nowe fir Thomas Sherleyes Stanmer great D. 10. Stanmer little called also Whytechurch D. 10. South mymmes A. 14. there is a faire warren of conies of the Lo. Windsores Shackelwell E. 22. Shordich F. 20. Stretford on the bow F. 24. the bridge ouer the riuer lea Ree E. anno 22. is the Bow and thereof is called Stratford on the bow neere it is an olde church founded by HEN. 2. Stepney or Stybenhyth Sir Henry Collet knight buried or Stibonbeath F. 22. In the church thereof is buried sir Henry Collet knight twice Mayor of London who was father to Iohn Collet sometime Deane of Paules who alone builded Paules schoole his armes these There lyeth also the Lady Anne Wentworth wife to Thomas Lord Wentworth Stepney Lady Wentworth buried and daughter to Henry Wentworth Esquier She died the second of Sept. 1571. Sir Thomas Spers knight sometime Controler of the shipes to H. 8.
Lambeth or Lomehith and had ouer against the schoole that nowe is a stately house Lelande yet Lelande affirmeth the contrary who saith that the Bishops of Caunterburie haue continued at Lambeth since the Normanes comming into this land There is an auncient monument within the libertie of Westminster Charing crosse called Charing crosse erected about the yeere of Christ Tho. Wals 1290. by EDW. 1. in memoriall of the death of Elineor his Queene who died at Hardlie neere Lincolne was buried in Westminster The libertie of Westminster extendeth to Temple bar Temple bar so cal-called of the Temple within the same bar and is called the bar for that it stoppeth and barreth the Mayor of London as also the Magistrates of Westminster that neither intrude vpon other This bar or gate was throwne downe by the Kentish rebels in the time of RIC. 2. Within the libertie of Westminster are fower parish Churches Parish Churches in the libertie of Westminster besides S. Peters namelie S. Margarets S. Martynes neere Charing crosse The Sauoy Church S. Clements called Saint Clements Dacorum or Saint Clements Danes In the time of superstition there was in Westminster a place called the Sanctuary The Sanctuary of an old Mosaical ryte vsed among the Israelites among whom euery tribe had certaine cities and places of refuge to which malefactors might repaire and for a time be protected from the rigor of the law There was at Westminster kept a staple of wooll The Woulstaple and is at this daie called the Woolstaple established in the time of EDWARD the 3. The Sauoye was first built as M. Stowe hath recorde by Peter Earle of Sauoy The Sauoy who was after made Earle of Richmonde by HENRIE the 3. who called it the Sauoy after his Countrie But Poll. Virg. Pollid Virg. alloweth him not Earle of Sauoy but calleth him Petrus sebaudiensis Peter a Sauoyan or of the countrie of Sauoy who as the same Poll. affirmeth buylt the same and called it the Sauoy of his natiue Countrey Sauoye It was belonging vnto the Duke of Lancaster in the time of RIC. the 2. in whose time it was wasted burned and spoyled by the Kentish rebels about the yere 1381. It was reedefied by HEN. 7. by whose last will it was intended to be finished and made an Hospitall for the reliefe of a 100. poore people which was perfourmed by the most famous HEN. the 8. his sonne and sufficiently furnished with lande and reuenues for the maintenance thereof Queene ELIZABETH hath within the precincts of this Citie three faire and pleasant pallaces Howses of Queene Elizabeths within Westminster namely White hall begun by Cardinall Woolsey and finished with manie most princely delights by HEN. 8. S. Ieames erected by the same king HEN. 8. and Somerset house builded by the Duke of Somerset about the yeere of Christ 1549. There are other houses worthy to be remembred within this libertie of Westminster as Burghley house Burgley house founded and erected by the right honorable S. William Cycell knight Lord Burghley Lord high treasoror of England Durham or Dunelme house sometime belonging to the Bishop of Durham Durham house builded it was builded by one Anthony Becke in the time of RICHARD the third Other famous houses of nobility are in this precinct which to mention I omit for breuitie Places distinguished in the Map of Westminster by these letters and figures following A. The Abbey B. Westminster hall D. Long ditche E. Theuing lane F. The Amnerie G. The way to Toothill fielde H. The Lord Dacres I. Lord Grayes K. Kings streete L. Round Woulstaple M. The Parke lodgings N. The Tilt-yard O. S. Martynes in the field P. Clements Inne Q. New Inne R. S. Clements Danes S. Temple barre V. Drurie lane Y. The Gatehouse 2. S. Margarets 3. S. Stephens alley 5. Petite Fraunce 6. H. 7. Chappell 7. Deanes yarde 8. Tennies Courtes 9. Way to Hounslow 10. The Powder house 11. White hall Orchard 12. The Queenes Garden 13. Staple Inne This Citie of Westminster is knowne to haue no generall trade whereby releefe might be administred vnto the common sort as by Marchandize clothing or such like whereby the common wealth of a Citie is maineteined and the inferiour people set to worke had they not therefore some other meanes the common sort could nor be susteined The chiefe meane whereby Westminster is releeued The first and principall meane whereby they are releeued is hir Maiesties residence at White hall or S. Ieames whence if hir grace be long absent the poore people forthwith complaine of penury and want of a hard and miserable world And therefore doe the people in manner generally seeme to power forth dayly petitions that it might please God to draw hir Maiestie to be resident at one of these places whereat they reioyce and fare long the better The like desire of hir Royall presence haue other places where hir Maiesties Pallaces are placed And hir Maiestie in gracious consideration of their estates doth visit them as it were Alternis vicebus by turne at hir highnes pleasure more for the comfort and releefe of the poore people then for hir owne priuate delight Therefore yee Citizens of Westminster and other whatsoeuer forget not to be thankefull to the the Almightie for hir Royall presence hartely praying the King of Kings to maintaine hir a prospering Queene long and many yeeres and euery faithfull hart will ioyne with you hauing also the benefite of hir blessed inclination The seconde meane whereby this poore Citie is maintained The second meane the Tearmes and the people releeued is by the fower Termes in the yeere for it hath pleased God to establish there the place where Iustice lawe and euerie mans right is God graunt it with equall ballance indifferently administred whereunto great multitudes of people vsually flocke whose resort although the Citie enioie but in the forenoone yet yeeldeth their presence manie pence to the poore towne There was in the time of EDW. 1. a discontinuance of the lawe The hearing of causes remooued to Yorke in this Citie and was thence remooued to Yorke where it continued seauen yeeres after reduced to the former place It hath beene often discontinued by the disfauour of Princes and their conceiued displeasure against the inhabitants of the place for disobedience as a generall punishment Receiue this ye inhabitants of Westminster as a necessarie premonition that ye rest carefull and vigilant least the king of kings mooue her Maiestie to place the determination of causes else where which now is vnto you no small support The third and last meane though it come seldome is that great and generall convencion of all the estates of this lande The third mean the Parliament the high Court of Parleament which draweth vnto it a great accesse of noble persons and others to the place of assemblie which is also set most gratiously within this Citie which
yeeldeth no small releefe vnto the same which also as is recorded in histories hath beene holden at diuers other places in this land It is not yet forgotten The tearme remooued to Hertford no doubt how the God offended visited not onely this Citie but also London with a dangerous late infection insomuch as the last Michaelmas Terme was remooued to Hertforde castle which pinched the poore and made the rich to complaine in both these Cities yet a more gentle forewarning of his displeasure he cannot shew who longing for new obedience in vs calleth vs by diuers meanes and without speedie and harty repentance we shall likewise perish The principal high waies from London through Middlesex and towards what especiall places in England they lead THe way noted with this figure 2. leadeth to Stanes thence towards Sarisburie Exeter and other places in the west 3. Leadeth to Colnebrooke towardes Windsore Reading Bath Bristow c. 4. To Vxbridge and so towardes Oxford Gloucester south Wales 5. To Egewoorth towards Woodstocke Buckingham Warwicke Stafford Worcester Chester and north Wales 6. To S. Albans towards Bedford Northampton Leicester Darby c. 7. Towardes Waltham Hartforde Bedforde Huntingdon Cambridge into Norfolke towardes Lincolne Yorke and the Northen parts 9. To Stratford on the Bow and so into Essex and Suffolke 10. Leadeth into Surrey and Sussex 11. To Kingston vpon Thamis Guyldford Farneham Winchester Arrondell Chechister Southampton Portesmouth c. Noblemen and Gentlemen for the most part hauing houses or residence within this Shire A. sir Ed. Anderson Lord chiefe iustice of the common plees pag. 21. George Ashbie pag. 16. George Atee pag. 17. George Alleley at Daleson hill pag. 18. B. L. Burghley L. High Treasurer of England pag. 38. L. Barnes pag. 37. William Burrowes at lyme house pag. 36. Richard Bellamy The Bushop of London pag. 20. C. L. Compion pag. 37. 41. L. Corbet pag. 21. L. Cornewell pag. 18. L. Cockeram at Hamsted pag. 22 Iohn Cunstable at old Ford. pag. 37. Iohn Cornewallies pag. 22. Iohn Carle at Maribone park D. E. of Darby at Istleworth pag. 17. L. Dacres pag. 17. 18. 23. F. sir Iohn Fortescue knight one of hir Maiest priuy counsel pag. 21. sir Fleetewood pag. 19. G. ladie Gresham pag. 37. ladie Gylman at Twickenham pag. 41 ladie Gomershall pag. 16. ladie Gifford pag. 37. ladie Goddarde at Tottenham personage pag. 41. ladie Gerrard pag. 223. H. Ierome Halley pag. 17. Iohn Hatrey at Riselyp pag. 38. sir Rowlande Haywarde knight at Clapton pag. 17. sir Huggines at Meerstreet pag. 37. sir Io. Harrington at Stepney pag. 39. sir Hare at Pymmes pag. 38. K. auditor King neer Finchley pag. 20. aldermaÌ„ Kempton at Hadley pag. 21. Thom. Kneuet at S. Iames parke L. Iohn Lyons pag. 41. Iohn Leeke pag. 41. Iohn Lacye pag. 18. M. Iohn Middlemore pag. 19. sir Richard Martyn knight neere Tottenham N. L. North. pag. 22. George Nicholson at Twickenham pag. 41. O. earle of Oxforde pag. 37. alderman Offley at Clapton pag. 17. P. sir Iohn Popham knight Lorde chiefe Iustice of England pag. 20. Ric. Peacocke at Northend pag. 37. Ric. Plumbe at Northende by Fulham Ric. Paine at Harlstone green pag. 23. Ric. Payne neer Harnesey pag. 21. Q. Ric. Quynnye at Chalcot or Chalkhill pag. 17. R. Ric. Roane pag. 25. Ric. Ryth at Twickenham pag. 41. alderman Roe pag. 36. alderman Ryder at Stepney pag. 39. ladie Isabell Counties of Rutland at Steyney pag. 39 S. sir Thomas Sherley pag. 39. sir Sewell at Cannons pag. 17. sir Skenington neere Harnesey pag. 21. sir Skeuington pag. 17. sir Sadler ad Edmonton pag. 18. sir doctor Seysar neere Tottenham T. sir Trott pag. 17. sir Throgmorton at Stepney pag. 39. sir Thomson at Lalam pag. 36. V. sir Vaghan at Littleton pag. 36. W. L. Wentworth pag. 17. Iohn Wallison at Riselipe pag. 38. Robert Wroth. pag. 17. 37. William Waade pag. 16. Richard Weeks at Hamsteed pag. 22. FINIS I craue patience though I haue not giuen to euerie man his addition of Esquire or Gent. for that I may easely erre therein without the especiall aide of an expert Herault To the right worshipful M. WILLIAM WAADE Esquire one of the clearks of hir Maiesties most Honorable priuie Counsell SIR I cannot rest vnreadie in desire to yeeld requitall of your aide extended towards the publication of this first part of my SPECVLVM BRITANNIAE wherin I must and do thankfullie acknowledge your good inclination not towards me onely but to all such as indeuour matters tending to publike good In lieu therfore of a farther faithful recompence accept I beseech you my willing indeuor vntil time afforde ablenes to make better repay In magnis voluisse dat est I. N. A I Lettori HAspeso molti di per Amor vostro A pinger queste carte famigliare Citte castelli fiume deliniare Le terre misurar Nordeno nostro Non guardate à le carte ne à l'inchiostro Perche è vna cosa che non sa parlare Guardate pur se l'opra vi può entrare Se'l specchio ui piace che vimostro Non otiòsa mà faticosa impresa è questo specchio del Britanno lido Non è composto senza molta spesa Non cercano tal ' opr ' alcuno nido Norden il specchio tuo senza contesa Risplenderà dou'è più chiaro il grido Ar. Oln. Ingenuo lectori de opere Authore teâ—rastichon QVem tulit is punctum qui miscuit vtile dulci Nordenus tulit hunc vtile dulce canens Vtile dulce canit digni laude ille liberque Nam placet prodest vtile dulce canens Notitia nobile nomen Robertus Nicolsonus Sur le Miroir de grand Bretaigne de M. Ichan Norden GArdez gentils regardez cest ' ouurage Tres-doctes Dames tres-sages Sieurs Moult delectant voz yeulx voz sens coeurs Cy fait Plaisir auec Profit mariage Chacun Degre rumine chachun Aage Ce petit liure plein de grands doulceurs Rend luy louange qui doulces rend odeurs Que chacun fait qui est sçedil auant ou sage Les autres sont autheurs d' Enui ' vice Ennemis a vertu sciens Notice Vilipendans les oeuures de sçedil auoir Mais nobles doctes gentils esprits Qui compte tiennent des elegans escripts Hault priseront NORDEN son cler Miroir N'ayant espour qu' en Dieu Robert Nicolson Corrections In pag. 11. line 5. for eighteene read thirteene In pag. 21. for Io. Fortescue esquire read sir Iohn Fortescue knight In pag 27. for 5191. read 3911. In the same pag. for Antonius read Antoninus In pag. 47. for Staple Inne read Lyons Inne