Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	knight_n	lord_n	sir_n	15,616	5	6.8263	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51275	Geography rectified, or, A description of the world in all its kingdoms, provinces, countries, islands, cities, towns, seas, rivers, bayes, capes, ports : their ancient and present names, inhabitants, situations, histories, customs, governments, &c. : as also their commodities, coins, weights, and measures, compared with those at London : illustrated with seventy six maps : the whole work performed according to the more accurate observations and discoveries of modern authors / by Robert Morden.	Morden, Robert, d. 1703.	1688 (1688)	Wing M2620; ESTC R39765	437,692	610

undertake it Of Canada or Nova Francia CAnada so called from the River Canada which hath its Fountains in the undiscovered parts of this Western Tract sometimes inlarging it self into greater Lakes and presently contracted into a narrow Chanel with many great windings and falls having embosomed almost all the rest of the Rivers After a known Eastern course of near fifteen hundred Miles it empties it self into the great Bay of St. Lawrence over against the Isle of Assumption being at the Mouth thirty Leagues in breadth and one hundred and fifty fathom deep On the Northside whereof the French following the Tract of the said Cabot made a further discovery of the said Northern parts by the Name of Nova Francia The Country is full of Stags Bears Hares Martins and Foxes store of Conies Fowl and Fish not very fruitful or fit for Tillage the Air more cold than in other Countries of the same Latitude The chief places are Brest Quebeck and Taduosac a safe but small Haven The French Trade here for Bever Mouse-skins and Furs and are said to be about five thousand what discoveries have been made of late years of the Southern parts of this Country may be seen in the Map of Florida c. Nova Scotia COntains that part of Land which the French call Accadie or Cadie being so much of the main Land as lieth between the River Canada and the large Bay called Bay Francoise from the River of St. Croix upon the West to the Isle of Assumption on the East first discovered by Sebastian Cabot who setting sail from Bristol at the charge of King Henry the Seventh made a discovery of it unto the Latitude of sixty seven and a half Which being neglected after this the French planted on the North-side of the River Canada And after that Monsieur du Monts settled on part of that Land called Nova Scotia but in the year 1613 was outed by Sir Samuel Argal And in the year 1621 King James by Letters Patents made a donation of it to Sir William Alexander afterwards Lord Secretary of Scotland calling it Nova Scotia in pursuance of which Grant he in the year 1622 sent a Colony thither And I am informed that it was after by Acts of Parliament annexed to the Crown and Kingdom of Scotland however I think the French have now a Colony at Port Royal and are the only possessors of that Country Of Newfoundland THIS was first discovered by the two Cabots John and his Son S●bastian employed by King Henry the seventh 1497 the business laid aside was afterward revived by Thorn and Elliot two of Bristol who ascribed to themselves the discovery of it and animated King Henry unto the enterprise Anno 1527. In the mean time the French and Portugals resorted to it But the English would not relinquish their pretensions to the Primier Seisin and therefore in the year 1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert took possession of it in the name of the Queen of England who being Shipwrack'd in his return the sending of a Colony was discontinued till the year 1608 when undertook by John Guy a Merchant of Bristol and in the year 1626 Sir George Calvert Knight then principal Secretary of State afterward Lord Baltimore obtained a Patent of part of Newfoundland which was erected into a Province and called Avalon where he caused a Plantation to be setled and a stately House and Fort to he built at Ferriland 'T is an Island for extent they say equalizing England from whence it is distant about five hundred and forty Leagues situate between the Degrees of forty five and fifty three Northern Latitude and is only severed from the Continent of America by an Arm of the Sea as England is from France It is famous for many excellent Bays and Harbors it hath great plenty of Fish Land and Water Fowl and is sufficiently stockt with Deers Hares Otters and Foxes which yield great Fur it affords stately Trees fit for Timber Masts Planks and other uses The Soil is esteemed fertile the Climate wholsom but the rigor of Winter and excessive Heats of Summer much detract from its praise Before the Island at the distance of twenty Leagues from the Raze lieth a long Bank or Ridge of Ground extending in length about two hundred and forty Leagues in breadth in the broadest place about five and twenty Leagues by Cabot called Bacalaos from the great multitude of Codfish which swarmed there so numerous that they hindred the passage of the Ships and is now called the Grand Bank where our Ships salt and dry their Fish There is no part of Newfoundland more happy for multiplicity of excellent Bays and Harbors than the Province of Avalon and there are vast quantities of Fish yearly caught by the English at Ferriland and at the Bay of Bulls though the whole Coast affords infinite plenty of Cod and Poor John which is grown to a setled Trade and were the English diligent to inspect the advantage of setling Plantations upon the Isle and raising Fortifications for the security of the place they might ingross the whole Fishery Of ICE-LAND ICe Land or the antient Thule supposed by some to be as large as Ireland Our English Masters who have fished there many years give this Account of it That the most Southerly part of it called Ingulf foot is in the Latitude of sixty four Degrees and twenty five Minutes And the most Northerly part is Rag-point in the Latitude of sixty six Degrees and five Minutes whereas our Maps as also the Great Atlas makes the Island above eighty eight Degrees of Nothern Latitude which gross mistake is refuted not only by Observation but also by the Suns continuance two hours above the Horizon in the middle of December in the most Northern part of the Island It is seated North Westerly from the North of Scotland viz. from the Start or Head Land of Orkney to the S. W. Head of Fero is fifty five Leagues and from thence to Ingulf-foot is eighty five Leagues more It hath four remarkable Mountains in it of which Hecla is the most famous which burns continually with a Blew Brimstone-like and most dreadful Flame vomiting up vast quantities of Brimstone and that when it burns with greatest vehemency it makes a terrible rumbling like the noise of loud Thunder and a fearful Crackling and Tearing that may be heard a great way off See more of this in Martineres Northern Voyage page 134. In the Philosophical Transaction Number 103 Dr. Paul Biornonius Resident informs us That it abounds with hot Springs of which some are so Hot that in a quarter of an hours time they will sufficiently boil a piece of Beef Arugreim Jonas tell us It was inhabited by the Norwegians Anno 874 afterwards by the Danes under whose Government and Religion it now is The Island is well peopled but they live only in the Vallies and towards the Sea-shore Their Dwellings are rather Caves than Houses The Inhabitants are said to be a Lusty

Peerships and divers of new Creation a great number of Principalities Dukedoms Marquisates Earldomes Baronies and other Lordships Eleven Parliaments eight Chambers of Accounts 22 Generalities or Publick places of Receipt of the Kings Revenue There are four Principal Rivers the Seine whose Water is accounted the strongest in the World and more wholesome to drink than Fountain-water The Loire King of the French Rivers the Garonne most Navigable and the Rhone or Rosne most rapid By others thus Characterized the Loire the sweetest the Rhone the swiftest the Garonne the greatest and the Seine the richest The Seine riseth in Burgundy watering Paris and Roan disburdening it self into the English Channel The Sequana of Caesar The Loyre riseth about the Mountains of Avergne being the highest in France watering Nantes and Orleance and augmented with 72 lesser Rivers mingleth its sweet Waters in the Biscain or Gascogne Sea. The Ligeris of Caesar The Rhone or Rhosne springeth up about three miles from the Head of the Rhine watering Lions Avignon c. and taking in 13 lesser Rivers falleth into the Mediterranean Sea near Arles The Rhodanus of Caesar The Garone running from the Pyrenean Hills glideth by the Walls of Bourdeaux and Tholouse and with the addition of 16 other Rivers dilates it self into the Aquitain now Biscain Ocean The Garumna of Caesar The Mountains by Ancient Authors were the Geb●nna by Caesar Cammani Ptol. Ital. running along by Langued●c Chevennes and Avergne now les Sevennes The Jura Caes Jurassus Ptol. which divideth the French County from Savoy and the Swisses now called by several Names The Vogesus almost Encircling Lorrain and dividing it from Alsatia and Bourgondie now Dauge Mons c. There are several Divisions of France which respect the Church the Nobility the Courts of Justice and the Finances But it suffices here to say that the general state of the Kingdom was held Anno 1614 after the Majesty of Lovis the XIII and that then all the Provinces met under 12 great Governments Four of these Governments lie toward the North upon the Seine and those other Rivers that fall into it viz. Picardy Normandy the Isle of France and Champagne Towards the middle adjoyning to the Loire Bretagne Orlenoise Bourgogne Li●nnoise The other four toward the South near the Garonne viz. Guienne Languedoc Dauphine and Provence Under the Orlenoise is comprehended Maine Perche and Beauce On this side of the Loire Nivernois T●uraine and Anj●u above the said River beyond it Poiciou Angoumois and B●rry Burgundy hath Brest Under Lionnois are comprehended Lionnois Auvergne Bourbonnois and Marche Under Guienne is Bearne Gascogne and Guienne it self Saintonge Perigort Lim●sin Querci and Rovergue Under Langued●c is Cevennes In each of these Governments are several great Cities the chief of which I shall speak of in Order viz. In Picardy the Storehouse of Paris for Corn is 1. Calais called by Caesar Portus Tecius Portus Britannicus Morinerum Plin. Prom. Icium Ptol. held by the English near 200 Years being taken by Edward the III. after eleven Months Siege in Anno 1347. and unfortunately lost by Queen Mary 1557. seated opposite to Dover in England from which it is distant about ten Leagues A strong Town of great Importance and accounted the Key of France Not far from Calais at a place called Agincourt was the Flower of the French Nobility taken and slain by King Henry the Fifth of England viz. 5 Dukes 8 Earls 25 Lords 8000 Knights and Gentlemen and 15000 common Soldiers 2. Bulloign Cesoriacum Navale Ptol. Portus Morinorum Plin. Civit. Bononensium Ant. Portus Gessoriacus of Caesar a strong Frontier-Town taken by Henry the VIII of England 1544. at which time the Emperor Maximilian bore Arms under the English Cross 3. Amiens Samarobrina Caes Samarobriga Ptol. Civit. Ambianensis Ant. a Walled Town seated upon the Seine well Fortified with an Impregnable Cittadel built by Henry the IV. But most Famous for its Cathedral so beautified within and adorned without that 't is the fairest and most lovely Structure in the West of Europe 4. St. Quintin Augusta Romanduorum Ptol. Civit. Veromannorum Ant. Quinctinopolis Fanum St. Quinctine in Scriptis Gall. two Leagues from Augusta Veromanduorum now Vermand Baud. Crecie the French Cannae famous for their great Overthrow and the Victory of the English in the Reign of Philip the Sixth A strong Frontier-Town Memorable for the Battel there Anno 1557. where King Philip the II. of Spain with the English under the Command of the Earl of Pembroke overthrew the whole Forces of the French. Laon a Bishops Sea whose Bishop is one of the Twelve Peers of France Laudunum Ant. Soissons Augustata Vessonum Ptol. a Bishops See the last place the Romans held in Gaul driven out by Clovis the Fifth 5. Guise of most Note for the Dukes of Guise a Family that in a little time produced two Cardinals and six Dukes besides many Daughters married into the best Houses of France In Normandy formerly Neustria are 1. Rouen or Roan Rothamagus Ptol. Rotomagentium Ant. seated on the Banks of the River Seine over which there is a Famous Bridge of Boats. Taken by Henry the Fifth after six Months Siege where were famished 50000 and 12000 Starvelings turned out of the Town An Arch-Bishops See and Parliament In the Chief Church called Nostre-Dame is the Sepulchre of John Duke of Bedford It is a place of as great a Trade as any in France and one of the Principal Cities where Exchanges are used 2. Dieppe a City of some Trade being a common Landing-place for the English in their Passage into France And is famous for its fidelity and allegiance to Henry the Fourth when the Guisian Faction in derision called him King of Dieppe 3. Falaise once a strong Town Memorable for the Story of Arlet the Skinners Daughters of whom Duke Robert begat William the Conqueror in spight to whom and disgrace to his Mother the English call Whores Harlots Here also was the Roy d' Juidot and Verneil when besieged by Philip the Second of France King Richard the First of England to keep his promise broke through the Palace of Westminster and raised the Siege Haure de Grace Newhaven by the English in Latin Franciscopolis a Cautionary Town to Queen Elizabeth Portus Gratiae of old Auranches Ingena Ptol. Civit. Abrincantum Ant. Constances Constantia Ant. Cherbourg Caesaris Burgum a strong Sea-coast Town Bayeux Cit. Bajocassium Ant. Caen Cadomum graced with a University founded by King Henry the Fifth King of England and the Abbey with the Tombs of William the Conqueror and Maud his Wife Lyseux Cit. Lexoviorum Ant. Eureux Mediolanum Ptol. c. The third Government is the Isle of France whose City is Paris formerly Lutetia because seated in a Clayie Soil A City that for its Riches Power and Number of Inhabitants may contend with any in Europe Seated on the Seine and on a Soil so fertile that no City knows such Plenty 't

Geography Rectified OR A DESCRIPTION OF THE WORLD In all its Kingdoms Provinces Countries Islands Cities Towns Seas Rivers Bayes Capes Ports Their Ancient and Present Names Inhabitants Situations Histories Customs Governments c. As also their Commodities Coins Weights and Measures Compared with those at LONDON Illustrated with Seventy six MAPS The Second Edition Inlarged with above Thirty Sheets more in the Description and about Twenty New MAPS The whole Work performed according to the more Accurate Observations and Discoveries of Modern Authors By ROBERT MORDEN LONDON Printed for Robert Morden and Thomas Cockerill at the Atlas in Cornhill and at the Three Legs in the Poultrey over against the Stocks-Market MDCLXXXVIII E. A. Rouse EASTWAY A Catalogue of the Maps in this Book 1 WOrld Fol. 2 EVROPE 10 3 England Scotland and Ireland 14 4 England 17 5 Wales 26 6 Scotland 30 7 Ireland 36 8 Denmark 42 9 Sweden and Norway 54 10 Muscovia c. 60 11 Poland 68 12 Tartary in Europe 76 13 Moldavia Valachia Transilvania 81 14 Hungaria 85 15 Germany 99 16 The Vnited Provinces 140 17 The Spanish Provinces 148 18 France 156 19 Spain 168 20 Portugal 186 21 Italy 190 22 Helvetia or Schwitzerland 193 23 Savoy and Piedmont 201 24 Sicily 221 25 Sclavon Croatia Dalmatia c. 225 26 Servia Bulgaria c. 231 27 Greece 234 28 ASIA 321 29 The Turkish Empire in Asia 325 30 Canaan or the Holy Land 338 31 Cyprus the Isles of Asia Minor 353 32 Turkish Empire in general 362 33 Arabia 366 34 Persia 372 35 Tartaria in Asia 387 36 Empire of the Great Mogul 395 37 India on this side Ganges 403 38 India beyond Ganges 411 39 China 416 40 Japan 420 41 Maldives Islands 428 42 Ceylon 430 43 The Isles of Sonde 434 44 The Philippine Island 436 45 The Molucca Islands 438 46 AFRICA 441 47 Barbary 448 48 Fez and Morocco 450 49 Algier 460 50 Egypt 469 51 Biledulgerid Zaara Guiny c. 483 52 Ethiopia or Habessinia 489 53 Congo c. 492 54 Cafferia Monomotapa 494 55 Zanguebar 497 56 The Isles of Azores 499 57 The Canary-Islands 501 58 Cape Verde Islands 504 59 Madagascar c. 507 60 Malta 510 61 AMERICA 512 62 Magellanica 516 63 Chili and Paraguay 520 64 Brasil 523 65 Amazone Peru Guyana Castella del Or c. 526 66 The Western Islands 534 67 Jamaica 537 68 Barbadoes 541 69 New Spain 546 70 New Mexico 555 71 Florida and the Lakes of Canada 557 72 Carolina 559 73 Virginia and Maryland 561 74 Pensilvania and New Jersey 567 75 New England and New York 576 76 Northw part of America 589 TO HIS Most Worthy and most Honoured Friend Mr. THOMAS GODDARD OF LONDON Merchant SIR HAVING made many Considerable Improvements and Additions to my Geography in this Second Edition I have all the reason in the world to shelter it once more under the Patronage of your Name whose Affairs abroad have not only given You a better Knowledg and Experience of Foreign Parts but whose Encouragement and Bounty next to Divine Goodness have only contributed to its Production which otherwise with its poor Author must have for ever lain latent under the Horizon of unknown Obscurity and irresistible Poverty The declining therefore the Imputation of Ingratitude is my only Plea and though it may not be pleasing to You yet not to have done it in my Circumstances would have been my just Crime I humbly therefore beg your Goodness will be pleased to add to your former Kindnesses that of passing by the Imperfections of what is offered In excuse of which I can only say That as 't is not the Industry of one Age that can rectifie and compleat the Ataxie of Geography Nor the work of any one man that of Coins Weights and Measures so a well meaning Essay towards both I hope will find a Courteous Entertainment from the more judicious and unprejudiced Reader For I have this I will not say to justifie but to excuse at least my boldness and forwardness that if I had known these things to have been but tolerably performed by others I had neither troubled my Reader nor mis-spent my own time about the Rectification of them wherein although I have again made many Corrections and Amendments yet that I have made good some mens Expectations and freed them from all defects and oversights neither my fears nor my modesty will permit me to be confident of so that knowing this work which I have undertaken is liable to common Censure I am bold to shrowd it under your Protection humbly imploring your kind Reception and Pardon for this my presumption for which and for the excess of many Favours I shall ever pray for the prosperity of You and yours And for ever acknowledg my self Your Most Humble most Faithful and most Obliged Servant Robert Morden To the Reader SO great was the attempt of my first Essay in the publishing of my Geography Rectified that for my heedless presumption I can alledg no excuse unless that the zeal of my love for its Truth so transported my senses as I considered not the weight I undertook And therefore I again crave pardon for the audacity of that attempt Humbly acknowledging a Work of that concernment and difficulty in it self did well deserve the conjunction of many heads and hands and surely more advantageous had it been unto Geography to have fallen into the Endeavours of some able Advancers that might have performed it unto the life and added Authority thereto For I am not ignorant of the discouragement of contradiction of the difficulty of Disswasion from radicated beliefs of what cold requitals some have found in their Redemptions of Truth and how ingenious Discoveries have been dismissed with obliquity and censured with singularity But the kind Reception it found from several Worthy and Learned Gentlemen more especially that Influence that it received from the two most Learned Vniversities of the World Oxford and Cambridg hath once more drawn me upon the Horizon of publick View not as a Master but as a poor Labourer carrying the Carved Stones and the polished Pillars of the more skilful Architects to set them in my mean Fabrick I have indeed laid my building upon other mens foundations for who in this Subject can do otherways Nor do I hold it a Plagiary to say I have used their Richest Jewels to adorn this Work. In excuse whereof give me leave to plead That in all Arguments and Subjects which have been written upon from the infancy of Learning to this Age there hath been a continual strife and emulation amongst Writers to mend supply or methodize whatsoever hath been done before It would be too tedious to reckon up the several Authors on some one Subject being a Truth so obvious as not to need much proof nor is it less apparent that still the latter must needs have a great advantage beyond the former by adding the experience of his own times

the adjacent Countries 3. Galloway the principal City of the Province of Connaught a Bishops ee and the third City of Ireland for Beauty Bigness and Strength Situate near the Fall of the great Lake or River Corbles in the Western Ocean a noted Emporie well Inhabited and of a good Trade by reason of its commodious Haven or Road for Ships 4. Limrick the second Principal of the Province of Munster and the fourth in Estimation of all Ir land Situate in an Island compassed about with the River Shannon well Fortified with a strong Castle a Bishops See and well frequented distant from the Main Ocean about 60 miles yet the River so large and Navigable that Ships of Burthen come up close to the very Wall. Beautified with a Cathedral Church and a fair Stone-Bridg 5. Kingsale upon the Mouth of the River Bany a Commodious Port being the only s fe and ready Port in all Ireland for our English Ships and others to Victual at and Refresh themselves when Bound for and returning from the West-Indies and other parts of the VVorld 6. Cork a Bishops See well Walled and fitted with a commodious Haven Inhabited by a W althy and Industrious People generally English the Shire-Town and the only Through-fare of all English Goods and Commodities s nt this way most commonly out of England for the two Remarkable Towns of ●imrick and Galloway Armagh Dublin Cassil and Tuam are the four Arch-Bishopricks VVicklow seated on the Sea whose Castle is a strong Rock Newcastle is guarded by its Sands Trim on the River Boyne Longford is the title of an Earldom Kildare a Bishops See much celebrated in the Infancy of the Irish Church for the Holy Virgin St. Brigid VVexford the Menapa of Ptol. seated at the mouth of the River Slane is a fair Town and a good Haven Inish Corthy is a Borough and Town Corporate Kilk nny on the Nure is a fair and wealthy Town and honoured with the See of the Bishop of Ossery London-Derry is a fair and well built Town Dunagan gives its name to the County St. Patricks Purgatory is a Vault or narrow Cave in the ground of which strange stories are reported by the Irish Cloghar dignified with the See of a Bishop Dungannon the ancient residence of the O-neals Antrim gives name to the County Knock-fergus or Carikfergus seated on a large Bay the Vinderius of Ptolomy not far from which once stood the famous Monastry of Magio so much commended by Bede Down and Conner are dignified with an Episcopal See. Tredath or Droghdagh with its good Haven is a well frequented Town Carlingfort is a well frequented Port-Town Owen Maugh the ancient Seat of the Kings of Vlster is near to Armagh the Arch-Bishoprick and Primate of all Ireland Craven is seated on the Lake Cane Kilmore on the Lake Navity Belturbet and Inish Killing on the Lake Earne Clare giveth Title to an Earldom Kylaloe is dignified with an Episcopal See near the Lake Derg on the Shannon Roscommon not far from Loegh Ree Elphen is honoured with the See of a Bishop Athlone on the Lake Ree under the Curlew Hills is defended by a Castle and beautified with a Stone-Bridge Letrim seated in a fertile soil near the L. Alyne Cassile is an Arch-Bishoprick by Eugenius the third Bisho● of Rome Holy Cross on the River Shoure once a place much frequented by Pilgrims The North part of Tipperary beareth the Name of Ormond and is Honoured in giving Title to James Butler Duke Marquess and Earl of Ormond Earl of Brecknock and Ossery c. Dingle hath a commodious Port. Ardfart or Ardart is a Bishops See. Yoghil on the River Broadwater is well fortified and hath a good Haven as also is Dungannon Of Denmark DENMARK by Robt. Morden at the Atlas in Cornhil LONDON DENMARK is a Monarchy which in former times was very formidable both to France and England and tho the English for many years have minded no other Interest in this Country but that of the Baltick and North Trade yet since these two Crowns are now come to a closer Union it may be worth our while to look back and consider the State of that Monarchy wherein the English hath so great an Interest by the late Marriage of George Prince of Denmark with the Princess Ann. Concerning the Original of the Dane we read not in any of the more ancient Greek and Latin Authors excepting Jornandes and Venantius Fortunatus who yet but slightly mention them In the French and English Histories they are often remembred first in the reign of Theodorick King of Austrasia about the year 516 under their King Cochliarius foraging upon the Sea-coast of Gaul-Belgick slain in their return by Theodebert Son to Theoderick After this in the reign of Charles the Great under their Prince Gotricus or Godfrey then warring upon the Obertriti the Inhabitants about Rostock teste Krantzio and Invading Freisland with a Fleet of 200 Sail threatning the Neighbouring Saxons with Subjection and much endangering the Empire of the French if the death of Godfrey and the Quarrels about Succession had not prevented Afterwards their mention is very frequent and famous during the race of the French Kings of the Caroline Line and of the Monarchy of the English Saxons with sundry Fleets and Armies unresistible invading France and England conquering and subduing the English Saxon Nation and giving the Name of Normandy to part of France for by that common Name of Normans the Danes as well as the Norweeis and Swethes were then called The word Dane Saxo Gramaticus Krantzius and others fabulously derived from one Dan a King hereof about the year of the World 2898. Becanus from Henen or Denen signifying a Cock in the Danish Language the Arms of the Alani their Progenitors But how they got thither is very uncertain Andreas Velleius in Cambden from the Dahi a people of Asia and Marck signifying a border Ethelwardus from Donia a Town sometimes since seated herein Montanus from Aha signifying water in regard of the Situation of the Country The more Judicious fetch their Name from the Bay or Strait of the Sea called by Mela Sinus Codanus about which Strait and in the Islands adjacent these people since their first being known have to this day inhabited From this Name hath the Country been called Denmark A Nation famous a long time for Arms and their many and great Victories atchieved abroad Themselves never conquered by foreign power Lords sometimes of England and Swethland Yet such is the Vicissitude of Kingdoms that Denmark was in the compass of four years viz. 1657 58 59 and 1660 almost conquered by the Swedes the History of which Wars are well written by Sir Roger Manley there you will find the King of Sweden fighting with a wonderful resolution and continued Successes the King of Denmark with an undaunted and indefatigable courage endeavours to check his Career till by the Mediation of the Dutch and English the Treaty of Roschilt in

water'd with Rivers and Lakes full of Fish Pity it is that so noble an Island and so populous should continue so long uncivilized and corrupted with Mahumetism and Heathenism and estranged from God and Virtue and seated so advantageously for Traffick with all the World. They transport from thence Rice Hides Wax Gums Christal Steel Copper Ebony and Woods of several sorts Among the Natives there are both Blacks and Whites generally Strong Active and Couragious delighted with Sports and Novelties Hunting Hawking Fishing and Dancing are their Recreations Nature abhorring cruelty instructs them to punish●●●ther with Death Adultery with publick Shame These with Banishment Ignorant they are in Agriculture and Learning for to them Nil scire nihil Jucundius There are in Madagascar a great number of particular Lords who bear the Title of Rohandrians who are continually at War among themselves for their Cattle The English Portugals and Hollanders have sometimes set footing there The English in the Bay of St. Augustin and at Port del Gada The Portugals in the Bay of Gallions The Hollanders in the Bay of Antongil But since the erecting Fort Dauphine the French have assum'd to themselves all the Eastern and Southern part of the Isle Madagascar sits as Empress amongst many smaller Islands which do as it were inviron and defend her The Chief whereof are the Isle Burbon otherwise called Mascarenhas twenty five Leagues long and fourteen broad it belongs at this day wholly to the French. In this Island there is a Mountain that vomits Fire but the rest of the Land is the best and most pleasant in the World for the Waters are very wholesome and there are most of the Commodities which are in the Island of Madagascar This is also call'd by our Sea-men Englands Forest The other Islands are Mauritius or Cerne where the Variation was twenty four Degrees and nineteen Minutes teste Herbert An Island abounding with and capable of all things requisite for the necessary use of Man in circuit about one hundred English Miles The Air good the Soil luxuriant in Grass Herbs and Flowers replenished with Trees of several sorts especially with Ebony Cocos and the Palm Tree Saint Apolonia and others the Names and Situations whereof you may see in the Map. Nine Leagues from Madagascar lie the Sholes or Baixos d' India memorably dangerous for Shipwracks as are also John de Nova and Primero or St. Christopher upon the Baixos d' Pracel The Isles of Chumro are four viz. Chumro Motilla where the Variation was sixteen Degrees and twenty Minutes Joanna and Mayotta MALTHA by Rob. Morden MAltha seated almost in the middle of the Mediterranean was formerly call'd Melita from its plenty of Hony. It is said to belong to Africa as being nearer to that Coast than the Coast of Europe and for that the Maltesi partake more of the Customs and Manners of the Africans than of the Europeans The Island had formerly the same Lords as Sicily Now it is the Residence of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem under one Prince whom they call the Grand Master the Patron of the Order The Emperor Charles the Fifth gave it to the Knights who had no certain Residence after the loss of Rhodes having formerly resided at Jerusalem Margat Acra and Limisso in the Island of Cyprus The Order is compos'd of eight Languagues Provinc Auvergne France Italy Aragon England Germany and Castile The three Languages of France have three hundred Commanderies but the rest of the five altogether have no more The name of Knights was not in use at the beginning of the Institution being then call'd the Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem The Soyl of the Island which is not above two Foot deep produces Cuminseed Anniseseed and Cotton Wool here is but little Corn and Wine so that Sicily supplies that defect The Island is not above twenty three Miles in length and twelve broad It is the best fortifi'd place in the World as being the Bulwark of Christendom there being above three hundred Canons mounted upon all her Fortresses The Roses of Maltha contend for sweetness with those of Paestam and the Hony with that of Hybla or Hymettus The Air is clear and healthful and the Inhabitants live long The New City Valetta is fortified with impregnable Walls and Bulworks There are also three other considerable Towns viz. the Isola or the Town Senglea with the Fort of St. Michael which for its stout resistance it made in 1565 against the Turks obtained the Name of Citta Invitta The other the Borgo del Castello a Mare guarded with the Castle St. Angelo for its Valor and Fidelity against the Ottoman Army 1569 was honoured with the Title of Citta Vittoriosa Lastly the Old City called Milita now Citta Notabile about the middle of the Island To which we may add about thirty or forty great Casales or Villages and twenty six Parish Churches the number of Inhabitants according to a Survey taken 1632 were 50112 of which about ¼ may be now accounted fighting Men. The number of Knights are said to be between two or three thousand And the number of Slaves about two thousand belonging to the Order besides three hundred to private Persons besides those in the Gallies The Great Master of the Order is now Prince and Chief Governor of the whole Island and the Island now is in a very flourishing condition so that few Subjects live more happily Gozo of old Gaulos a little Island near to Maltha affords Wheat and other Grain and the Grand Master is call'd Prince thereof It maintains about three thousand Persons and about five hundred Houses in the year 1565 the Turkish Armata most inhumanly wasted it and carried away six thousand Prisoners Between Maltha and Gozo lies a little Island called Comino H●phaestia of old guarded with a Fort opposite to that in Gozo And to the young Knights whose valor deserves reward he gives the Title of Prince of Forfolo which is a Rock not far from the Coast AMERICA AMERICA By R. Morden THIS fourth and last part of the World is call'd the New World new for its last discovery World for its greatness 't is likewise commonly but improperly termed America and often the West Indies what kind of Country it is and what it produceth we now do know in part but shall know better in future Ages This great part of the Earth was unknown to the Europeans until the year 1492 when it pleased Divine Providence God having promised that his Gospel should be preached to all Nations to stir up one Christopher Colon alias Columbus a Genoese who whether by considering the motion of the Sun he did persuade himself that there was another World to which that glorious Planet did Communicate both its Light and Heat when it went from us or whether he was informed of it from Alonso Zanches we know not certain it is this World he purposed to seek after and opening his design to the State of Genoa

be Rich. A New Map of VIRGINIA By Rob t Morden NO sooner had Colonus alias Columbus made his prime discovery of the Western World when seconded by John Cabot a Venetian the Father of Sebastian Cabot in behalf by the incouragement and at the charges of Henry the Seventh King of England who in the year 1497 discovered all this Coast from the Cape of Florida in the South beyond New-found-land in the North as far as to the Latitude of 67 and half Causing the Sachims or Petit-Kings to turn Homagers to the King and Crown of England This discovery by the two Cabots Father and Son did first intitle he Crown of England to the right of that vast Tract of Land. This design was after seconded by Mr. Hare bringing thence certain of the said Petit-Kings who did homage to King Henry the Eight Rediscovered by the Direction and at the charge of Sir Walter Rawleigh Anno 1584 who sending Mr. Philip Amadas and Mr. Arthur Barlow did take possession thereof in Queen Elizabeths name in honor of whom he caused all the said Tract of Land to be called Virginia Some say it was so called by the Queen her self by the Natives called Apalchen but Virginia is now circumscribed by that space of Land that lies between Mary-land which bounds it on the North and Carolina on the South New-England New-York New-Jersey Mary-land Carolina and Pensilvania have since been separated from it by particular Patents and made distinct Provinces of themselves The entrance by Sea into this Country is by the Mouth of the Bay of Chesapeac between Cape Henry and Cape Charles The chief Rivers of Virginia are 1. Powhatan now called James River on the West side of the mouth of the Bay of Chesapeac this River is at its entrance about three Miles wide and Navigable about one hundred and fifty Miles 2. Pamaunkee termed York River fourteen Miles Northward from James River Navigable now sixty or seventy Miles but with small Vessels about thirty or forty Miles farther 3. Rappahanoc antiently known by the name of Toppahanoc Navigable about one hundred and thirty Miles Besides these Navigable and more principal Rivers there are other smaller Rivers and of less note which fall into some or other of the forementioned Into Powhattan falls Apumatuc Southward Eastward Quyonycahanuc Nunsamund and Chesopeac Northward Chick●mabania Into Pamuunkee fall Poyankatank That part of the Country now planted by the English is divided into Nineteen Counties viz. On the Eastern Shore the Country of Northampton in Acomack on the Western Shore the Counties of Caratuck Lower-Norfolk Nansemund Isle of Wight Surry Warwick Henrico James Charles York New-Kent Glocester Middlesex Lancaster Northumberland Westmoreland Rappahanock and Hartford Of the few Towns hitherto erected in this Colony the chief is James Town the principal seat of the English and so denominated from and in honor of King James of Great Britain This Town is situated in a Peninsula on the North-side of James-River and hath in it many fair Houses whereof some are of Brick and at a little distant from the City is a fair Brick House called Green-Spring whe e the present Governor himself usually resides The other English Towns of most considerable note are only three viz. Henricopolis or Henry's Town situated about eighty Miles from James's City farther within Land Dales Gift so named from Sir Thomas Dale Deputy-Governor in the year 1610 at whose charges it was built and planted and Elizabeth's City containing several good Houses of Brick and Stone and lying on the same side of the River with James's City only nearer the mouth of the River Though English and other Foreign Coyns are not wholly wanting here upon several occasions yet the usual way of Traffick is by exchange of one Commodity for another but the general Standard by which all other Commodities receive their value is Tobacco which of all other Commodities this Country is capable of producing hath been hitherto the Subject of the Planters Industry of which there are two sorts one called Sweet-Scented the other called Oranoac which signifies as much as bright and large the first is of the greatest price the other more in quantity The Plantations that are judg'd to produce the best sort of Sweet-Scented are upon York River Of this Commodity of Tobacco there is so great a quantity planted in Virginia and imported from thence into England that the Custom and Excise paid for it in England yields the King about 50000 or 60000 Pound Sterling yearly for there are bound hither every year above one hundred and fifty Sail of Ships from England and other English Plantations merely for the taking off of this Commodity which they barter for Clothing Houshold-Stuff and all manner of Utensils and the only thing which lessens the value of it is the great quantity that is planted of it which if it were in less abundance it would be of much more esteem and yield far greater profit The Government of Virginia is by a Governor and Council deputed and authorized from time to time by the King of Great Britain the Legislative Power being in the Governor and a General Assembly which he calls to advise with and which consists of two Houses the upper House which is the Council it self and the lower which consists of chosen Bug●sses The chief Court of Judicature where all Civil and Criminal Causes are heard and determined and where the Governor and Council are Judges is called the Quarter-Court as being held every quarter of a year There are also Inferior Courts which are kept every Month in each of the forementioned Counties where matters not of the highest moment that is to say not relating to Life or Member or exceeding a certain limited value are tried and from whence in such Cases Appeals are made to the Quarter Courts There are likewise appointed by the Governor for the better administration of Justice in every respective Country Sheriffs Justices of Peace and other Officers of whom being deputed by the Governor to sit there these Country-Courts chiefly consist The Climate of Virginia is generally healthful and since the rectification of Diet and Lodging not disagreeable to English Bodies however at the first Plantation they were subject to a Distemper called a Seasoning though of late not frequent and much less mortal A Description of Mary-Land MAry-Land is a large and fertile Province lying between thirty eight Degrees and forty Degrees of North Latitude upon both sides of Cheasa-peak-Bay which is Navigable near two hundred Miles The Southerly Banks of the River Patow-meck divide it from Virginia on the South The Atlantick Ocean and Delaware Bay bounds it on the East Pensilvania on the North and the Meridian of the first Fountain of the River Patow-meck on the West This Province of Mary-Land his Majesty King Charles the First Anno 1632 granted by Patent to the Right Honourable Caecilius Calvert Lord Baltemore and to his Heirs and Assigns and by that Patent created him and