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proof_n of_o which_o i_o produce_v charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la make_v anno_fw-la 31._o ed._n 1._o whereby_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o in_o lieu_n of_o certain_a liberty_n and_o immunity_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o merchant-stranger_n as_o also_o for_o the_o release_n of_o prisage_n they_o grant_v to_o the_o king_n a_o increase_n of_o custom_n what_o be_v all_o the_o special_a liberty_n that_o be_v grant_v they_o i_o know_v not_o nor_o whether_o they_o continue_v but_o sure_o i_o be_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o grant_v they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n free_a of_o prisage_n pay_v only_o 2s._o upon_o a_o tun_n of_o wine_n by_o the_o name_n of_o butlerage_n which_o they_o grant_v by_o the_o same_o charter_n whereas_o englishman_n pay_v prisage_n in_o specie_fw-la viz._n one_o tun_n before_o the_o mast_n and_o one_o tun_n behind_o and_o it_o be_v very_o worthy_a the_o observation_n how_o the_o same_o king_n e._n 1._o in_o the_o same_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v command_v his_o customer_n throughout_o england_n that_o whereas_o certain_a english_a merchant_n be_v as_o he_o be_v inform_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n willing_a to_o pay_v he_o the_o like_a increase_n of_o custom_n which_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n have_v grant_v unto_o he_o so_o as_o they_o may_v enjoy_v the_o like_a liberty_n and_o benefit_n that_o nevertheless_o they_o shall_v not_o compel_v such_o english_a merchant_n against_o their_o will_n to_o pay_v it_o the_o word_n be_v worth_a the_o hear_n cum_fw-la quidam_fw-la mercatores_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la nostri_fw-la ut_fw-la ipsi_fw-la dictis_fw-la libertat_fw-la have_v before_o recite_v charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la uti_fw-la &_o gandere_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr prisis_fw-la nastris_fw-la quieti_fw-la esse_fw-la possint_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o mercandizis_fw-la suis_fw-la nobis_fw-la dare_n &_o solvere_fw-la velint_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la assignavimus_fw-la vos_fw-la ad_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la praedictas_fw-la de_fw-la his_fw-la qui_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumasillas_fw-la gratanter_fw-la &_o absque_fw-la cohercione_fw-la solvere_fw-la volnerint_fw-la colligendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la opus_fw-la nostrum_fw-la recipiendum_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la aliquem_fw-la mercatorem_fw-la de_fw-la dicto_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la ad_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la nobis_fw-la invite_v solvendum_fw-la nullatenus_fw-la distringatis_fw-la what_o strong_a inference_n can_v there_o almost_o possible_o be_v against_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n of_o impose_v than_o this_o that_o he_o be_v content_v and_o so_o specify_v to_o all_o his_o officer_n of_o the_o port_n that_o if_o the_o merchant_n do_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n pay_v more_o than_o their_o ancient_a custom_n they_o shall_v have_v consideration_n for_o it_o but_o if_o they_o themselves_o be_v not_o 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raise_n of_o imposition_n upon_o wool_n by_o grant_n
this_o high_a authority_n of_o a_o ordinance_n in_o parliament_n the_o assent_n also_o of_o merchant_n be_v usual_o join_v therewithal_o to_o make_v it_o have_v the_o clear_a passage_n with_o the_o subject_a and_o further_o it_o be_v never_o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n the_o first_o imposition_n of_o this_o kind_n by_o way_n of_o ordinance_n scac._n 7_o ed._n 3._o r_o 9_o orig._n de_fw-fr scac._n which_o i_o find_v among_o the_o record_n be_v 7_o e._n 3._o among_o the_o original_n of_o the_o exchequer_n where_o it_o be_v say_v by_o way_n of_o recital_n that_o the_o king_n consider_v how_o merchant_n which_o make_v great_a gain_n by_o trade_n ought_v aswell_o as_o other_o to_o assist_v he_o with_o treasure_n for_o his_o war_n especial_o consider_v how_o at_o their_o entreaty_n he_o have_v place_v the_o staple_n in_o england_n therefore_o at_o his_o parliament_n hold_v at_o york_n by_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o merchant_n shall_v yield_v unto_o the_o king_n a_o subsidy_n upon_o merchandize_n this_o subsidy_n or_o rather_o imposition_n thus_o solemn_o ordain_v and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o so_o great_a necessity_n be_v no_o soon_o establish_v then_o revoke_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o word_n immediate_o follow_v in_o the_o same_o record_n whereupon_o the_o merchant_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n yield_v and_o free_o give_v ten_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n as_o much_o upon_o three_o hundred_o woolfel_n and_o twenty_o shilling_n upon_o last_o of_o leather_n for_o a_o short_a time_n by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n or_o licence_n towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n the_o like_a be_v find_v anno_fw-la 20._o e._n 3._o parl._n 20._o ed._n 3._o nu._n 18._o ro_n parl._n where_o the_o commons_o complain_v of_o a_o imposition_n of_o this_o kind_n lay_v by_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o agreement_n also_o of_o merchant_n it_o be_v not_o deny_v unto_o they_o but_o that_o their_o suit_n be_v just_a only_o it_o be_v answer_v they_o that_o as_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a to_o take_v it_o away_o for_o that_o the_o king_n have_v take_v up_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n of_o divers_a merchant_n for_o his_o present_a necessity_n to_o be_v repay_v out_o of_o the_o say_a subsidy_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v not_o be_v as_o yet_o discharge_v without_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o merchant_n but_o the_o most_o material_a record_n against_o imposition_n by_o way_n of_o ordinance_n be_v the_o year_n follow_v where_o the_o king_n in_o excuse_n of_o imposition_n complain_v of_o answer_v that_o they_o be_v lay_v in_o time_n of_o great_a necessity_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o great_a man_n and_o some_o of_o the_o commons_o then_o present_a nevertheless_o his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o such_o imposition_n not_o due_o lay_v be_v not_o draw_v into_o consequence_n but_o take_v away_o 21_o e._n 3._o no._n 17._o there_o be_v some_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n but_o never_o any_o that_o do_v abide_v the_o trial_n though_o they_o have_v always_o be_v accompany_v with_o all_o such_o circumstance_n as_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o give_v they_o passage_n without_o controllment_n as_o to_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n to_o be_v limit_v to_o a_o short_a time_n with_o consent_n of_o merchant_n if_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o ordinance_n in_o parliament_n join_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o merchant_n be_v in_o those_o day_n not_o of_o force_n sufficient_a to_o uphold_v imposition_n much_o less_o will_v a_o order_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o counsel_n out_o of_o parliament_n uphold_v they_o at_o this_o day_n especial_o after_o so_o many_o year_n discontinuance_n another_o invention_n to_o raise_v imposition_n merchant_n imposition_n raise_v by_o way_n of_o loane_n by_o merchant_n practise_v by_o ed._n 3._o and_o in_o former_a time_n be_v by_o way_n of_o a_o pretend_a or_o feign_a loane_n from_o the_o merchant_n of_o so_o much_o above_o the_o old_a custom_n upon_o merchandise_n export_v or_o import_v which_o loane_n be_v never_o repay_v to_o the_o merchant_n that_o this_o be_v a_o old_a practice_n may_v be_v collect_v by_o the_o precedent_n 12._o of_o ed._n 2._o already_o cite_v where_o the_o king_n promise_v that_o without_o fiction_n or_o delay_n he_o will_v repay_v they_o their_o money_n imply_v thereby_o that_o sometime_o fiction_n have_v be_v use_v and_o doubtless_o that_o loan_n which_o be_v 11._o ed._n 2._o the_o very_a year_n before_o be_v such_o a_o feign_a loane_n as_o i_o speak_v of_o for_o otherwise_o without_o question_n the_o king_n will_v not_o have_v release_v part_n of_o it_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o record_n that_o he_o do_v for_o if_o the_o money_n be_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la borrow_v and_o true_o intend_v to_o be_v repay_v then_o doubtless_o the_o course_n be_v lawful_a if_o otherwise_o i_o hold_v this_o kind_n also_o as_o unlawful_a as_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n edward_n the_o three_o do_v once_o or_o twice_o borrow_v in_o this_o kind_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o record_n already_o cite_v to_o another_o purpose_n with_o which_o i_o will_v not_o again_o trouble_v you_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o device_n for_o raise_v of_o imposition_n begin_v indeed_o by_o ed._n 1_o and_o condemn_v in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 2._o they_o imposition_n raise_v by_o grant_n of_o merchant_n for_o liberty_n grant_v to_o they_o but_o revive_v and_o much_o practise_v by_o ed._n 3._o which_o be_v also_o by_o way_n of_o grant_n of_o merchant_n and_o yet_o not_o altogether_o the_o same_o that_o i_o first_o observe_v to_o have_v be_v so_o much_o practise_v by_o ed._n 3._o but_o be_v much_o more_o colourable_a and_o tolerable_a for_o whereas_o that_o be_v a_o grant_n or_o rather_o a_o mere_a gift_n without_o any_o thing_n grant_v back_o again_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o this_o i_o now_o speak_v of_o be_v a_o solemn_a grant_n indeed_o 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the_o record_n that_o he_o command_v the_o same_o to_o be_v levy_v the_o very_a first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n fin._n 1._o ed._n 3._o ro._n fin._n what_o have_v be_v say_v against_o this_o kind_n of_o imposition_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v here_o again_o to_o repeat_v only_o let_v i_o call_v to_o your_o remembrance_n how_o this_o charter_n as_o need_v a_o better_a prop_n than_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o validity_n in_o law_n be_v in_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n confirm_v by_o parliament_n and_o only_o by_o that_o strength_n continue_v in_o force_n at_o this_o day_n you_o have_v hear_v five_o or_o six_o several_a politic_a invention_n and_o devise_n for_o the_o easy_a draw_v on_o and_o sweeten_v of_o this_o yoke_n of_o imposition_n all_o practise_v by_o this_o prudent_a and_o potent_a king_n ed._n 3._o who_o time_n be_v indeed_o so_o troublesome_a and_o his_o charge_n every_o way_n so_o excessive_a as_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n that_o he_o leave_v not_o any_o way_n unattempted_a 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plowdens_n argument_n against_o it_o in_o m._n tates_n hand_n but_o their_o resolution_n be_v not_o where_o to_o be_v find_v at_o least_o by_o we_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o if_o they_o have_v give_v judgement_n for_o the_o queen_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v keep_v close_o but_o howsoever_o the_o profit_n be_v too_o great_a to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o therefore_o it_o continue_v till_o this_o day_n howsoever_o the_o reason_n in_o equity_n in_o the_o lay_v this_o imposition_n upon_o cloth_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v sound_n unto_o some_o man_n and_o so_o to_o allow_v of_o this_o imposition_n as_o differ_v from_o we_o yet_o for_o my_o part_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o so_o when_o i_o consider_v what_o course_n be_v take_v by_o ed._n 3._o upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n a_o 11._o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o &_o 2._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o wool_n shall_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o england_n but_o by_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v wear_v cloth_n 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same_o time_n there_o be_v imposition_n lay_v also_o by_o queen_n mary_n upon_o all_o french_a commodity_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v import_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o port-booke_n of_o those_o time_n in_o the_o exchequer_n which_o imposition_n be_v receive_v to_o the_o use_n of_o queen_n eliz._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o 1_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n but_o ere_o the_o year_n end_v they_o be_v all_o take_v away_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o same_o port-booke_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v a_o great_a argument_n that_o they_o be_v not_o then_o hold_v lawful_a for_o prince_n do_v not_o so_o easy_o give_v over_o their_o hold_n in_o matter_n of_o profit_n if_o they_o be_v any_o way_n able_a to_o maintain_v it_o what_o have_v hitherto_o uphold_v the_o imposition_n upon_o wine_n i_o know_v not_o except_o it_o be_v the_o great_a profit_n that_o come_v by_o it_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o because_o there_o be_v never_o any_o late_a judgement_n give_v direct_o against_o imposition_n you_o have_v hitherto_o hear_v what_o reason_n and_o direct_v proof_n i_o have_v use_v statute_n admit_v the_o king_n have_v power_n by_o the_o common-lawe_n to_o lay_v imposition_n yet_o he_o be_v bar_v by_o statute_n to_o maintain_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n can_v at_o he_o will_v increase_v his_o custom_n by_o way_n of_o imposition_n you_o have_v second_o hear_v what_o the_o practice_n of_o former_a age_n have_v be_v in_o this_o kind_n till_o this_o day_n from_o which_o i_o have_v also_o draw_v reason_n of_o inference_n that_o prove_v the_o common-law_n so_o to_o be_v but_o now_o admit_v that_o by_o the_o common-law_n it_o have_v be_v clear_a and_o without_o question_n that_o the_o king_n may_v at_o he_o will_v have_v lay_v imposition_n and_o that_o also_o the_o same_o can_v have_v be_v clear_o prove_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n yet_o i_o affirm_v that_o so_o stand_v the_o law_n of_o england_n at_o this_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o statute_n 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law_n in_o the_o world_n delight_v in_o certainty_n and_o abandon_v incertainty_n as_o the_o mother_n of_o all_o debate_n and_o confusion_n than_o which_o nothing_o be_v more_o odious_a in_o law_n and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n be_v quod_fw-la certum_fw-la est_fw-la retinendum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la incertum_fw-la est_fw-la dimittendum_fw-la nay_o further_o quod_fw-la incertum_fw-la est_fw-la nihil_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v the_o censure_n of_o law_n upon_o all_o the_o act_n of_o man_n which_o fall_v under_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n if_o then_o the_o law_n so_o judge_v of_o the_o act_n of_o man_n hold_v they_o for_o nought_o and_o void_a that_o be_v incertain_a how_o much_o more_o than_o do_v the_o law_n require_v certainty_n in_o her_o own_o act_n which_o be_v to_o bind_v all_o man_n and_o if_o in_o any_o of_o the_o act_n of_o law_n certainty_n be_v to_o be_v special_o expect_v most_o of_o all_o be_v it_o requisite_a that_o bound_n of_o limitation_n and_o certainty_n 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what_o certainty_n to_o expect_v that_o so_o he_o may_v order_v his_o charge_n according_o three_o that_o the_o subject_n may_v know_v likewise_o what_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v that_o so_o he_o may_v know_v certain_o what_o shall_v remain_v to_o he_o as_o his_o own_o final_o that_o the_o king_n may_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o good_a will_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o his_o revenue_n see_v the_o law_n expect_v he_o shall_v bear_v the_o charge_n but_o may_v know_v in_o certainty_n what_o to_o claim_v as_o due_a to_o he_o and_o may_v according_o compel_v the_o subject_a to_o pay_v it_o and_o that_o the_o subject_n may_v not_o be_v under_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n to_o pay_v what_o the_o king_n please_v which_o may_v perhaps_o extend_v to_o the_o whole_a value_n of_o the_o merchandise_n you_o see_v in_o general_a how_o the_o law_n by_o require_v certainty_n in_o matter_n of_o profit_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o subject_a prevent_v many_o mischief_n which_o will_v fall_v out_o if_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o and_o therefore_o without_o more_o say_n i_o may_v here_o conclude_v that_o custom_n be_v due_a by_o the_o common-law_n be_v and_o be_v a_o sum_n certain_a not_o to_o be_v increase_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n by_o way_n of_o imposition_n but_o because_o there_o be_v many_o other_o revenue_n due_a to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o common-law_n as_o well_o as_o custom_n if_o they_o all_o or_o as_o many_o as_o we_o can_v call_v to_o mind_n shall_v fall_v out_o to_o be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v sum_v certain_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o be_v increase_v at_o the_o king_n will_v this_o will_v be_v a_o forcible_a argument_n that_o custom_n be_v likewise_o certain_a and_o not_o to_o be_v inhannce_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n for_o this_o argument_n draw_v à _fw-la simili_fw-la be_v of_o great_a force_n and_o the_o most_o usual_a of_o any_o other_o in_o debate_n of_o thing_n doubtful_a in_o law_n quae_fw-la legibus_fw-la decisa_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la index_n 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of_o certainty_n and_o this_o of_o the_o provision_n make_v by_o the_o common-law_n be_v in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n argument_n of_o direct_a proof_n that_o the_o king_n can_v impose_v i_o will_v now_o according_a to_o my_o division_n urge_v a_o argument_n or_o two_o of_o inference_n and_o presumption_n the_o rather_o because_o argument_n of_o this_o nature_n have_v be_v much_o enforce_v by_o those_o who_o have_v maintain_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n bacon_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n especial_o by_o mr._n solicitor_n i_o call_v they_o argument_n of_o inference_n and_o yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n those_o which_o i_o shall_v urge_v be_v also_o of_o good_a proof_n such_o as_o they_o be_v you_o shall_v judge_v of_o they_o they_o be_v draw_v either_o from_o the_o action_n or_o forbearance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o from_o the_o action_n and_o forbearance_n of_o the_o people_n first_o in_o the_o action_n and_o forbearance_n of_o the_o king_n impose_v argument_n draw_v from_o 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as_o to_o suffer_v he_o upon_o record_n and_o that_o in_o parliament_n to_o pray_v for_o that_o which_o he_o may_v have_v take_v out_o of_o his_o absolute_a power_n can_v there_o almost_o be_v a_o more_o direct_a disclaim_n in_o the_o right_n to_o compare_v great_a thing_n with_o less_a if_o the_o lord_n by_o matter_n of_o record_n claim_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o villain_n it_o be_v a_o disclaimer_n of_o the_o villeinage_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v other_o noble_a and_o high_a prerogative_n i_o will_v only_o name_v two_o of_o they_o the_o make_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n and_o the_o raise_n and_o abase_v of_o coin_n at_o their_o pleasure_n do_v they_o ever_o crave_v the_o assent_n of_o their_o subject_n in_o parliament_n to_o make_v a_o war_n their_o advice_n indeed_o they_o have_v sometime_o seek_v and_o their_o aid_n for_o treasure_n to_o maintain_v it_o the_o prerogative_n of_o raise_v and_o abase_v the_o value_n of_o money_n have_v be_v oftentimes_o put_v in_o practice_n 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i_o proceed_v to_o my_o next_o argument_n of_o inference_n draw_v from_o the_o action_n of_o our_o king_n some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o namely_o ed._n 2._o 2._o edward_n the_o 2._o in_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o ed._n 3._o in_o the_o 1._o and_o 24._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n here_o among_o we_o be_v content_v to_o accept_v a_o increase_n of_o their_o custom_n by_o way_n of_o loane_n from_o the_o merchant_n and_o solemn_o bind_v themselves_o to_o repay_v it_o again_o will_v any_o wise_a man_n in_o the_o world_n that_o think_v he_o have_v but_o a_o colour_n of_o right_n so_o much_o prejudice_v his_o himself_n as_o to_o borrow_v that_o which_o he_o may_v take_v without_o leave_n and_o bind_v himself_o to_o repay_v it_o if_o a_o poor_a man_n perhaps_o through_o fear_n may_v be_v enforce_v so_o far_o to_o yield_v to_o a_o mighty_a adversary_n yet_o that_o a_o powerful_a man_n shall_v stoop_v so_o low_a to_o one_o much_o 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these_o indeed_o and_o only_o these_o be_v mere_a imposition_n and_o may_v be_v apt_o compare_v with_o these_o of_o our_o time_n of_o this_o kind_n among_o all_o the_o record_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n i_o find_v only_o two_o which_o i_o will_v true_o open_v unto_o you_o the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o twenty_o one_o of_o his_o reign_n where_o it_o appear_v that_o lionel_n afterward_o duke_n of_o clarence_n name_v upon_o the_o record_n parliam_fw-la 21._o ed._n 3_o not_o 11_o ro._n parliam_fw-la lionel_n of_o antwerp_n because_o i_o suppose_v he_o be_v there_o bear_v the_o king_n second_o son_n be_v then_o guardian_n of_o england_n while_o the_o king_n his_o father_n be_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calais_n at_o a_o counsel_n by_o he_o hold_v the_o same_o year_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o privy_a counsel_n assess_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n two_o shilling_n upon_o every_o tun_n of_o wine_n two_o shilling_n 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can_v any_o imposition_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o a_o merchant_n except_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n to_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o trade_v where_o before_o such_o dispensation_n give_v he_o stand_v altogether_o restrain_v if_o then_o it_o be_v a_o imposition_n by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n with_o a_o penal_a statute_n of_o restraint_n then_o be_v it_o no_o precedent_n for_o our_o present_a imposition_n but_o whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v a_o dispensation_n or_o absolute_a imposition_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o judgement_n you_o have_v hear_v my_o observation_n and_o so_o i_o come_v to_o the_o next_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o produce_v for_o maintenance_n of_o our_o imposition_n scac._n 24_o e._n 3._o n._n 12._o orig._n de_fw-fr scac._n which_o be_v in_o the_o 24_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o record_n of_o which_o and_o that_o which_o follow_v thereupon_o i_o will_v without_o any_o enforcement_n at_o all_o open_v unto_o you_o and_o so_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o censure_n the_o king_n recite_v that_o whereas_o the_o spaniard_n and_o french_a have_v join_v in_o league_n to_o make_v war_n against_o he_o and_o that_o for_o the_o withstand_v of_o his_o say_a adversary_n as_o also_o for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o merchant_n against_o pirate_n he_o have_v ordain_v that_o certain_a ship_n shall_v be_v set_v forth_o and_o that_o for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n there_o shall_v be_v pay_v by_o merchant_n two_o shilling_n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n two_o shilling_n for_o three_o hundred_o woolfel_n four_o shilling_n for_o a_o last_o of_o leather_n a_o scute_n of_o gold_n or_o four_o shil_n impose_v poundage_n impose_v for_o a_o ton_n of_o wine_n and_o six_o penny_n of_o the_o pound_n upon_o all_o other_o merchandize_v for_o one_o year_n follow_v he_o command_v his_o customer_n to_o levy_v the_o same_o according_o the_o very_a next_o year_n and_o parliament_n follow_v par._n 25_o ed_n 3_o no._n 12_o rot_v par._n the_o 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we_o that_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a authority_n and_o yet_o these_o two_o be_v also_o as_o you_o perceive_v qualify_v with_o such_o circumstance_n as_o if_o we_o be_v such_o we_o shall_v have_v hold_v they_o tolerable_a though_o perhaps_o not_o lawful_a yet_o they_o such_o as_o they_o be_v escape_v not_o without_o be_v complain_v of_o and_o condemn_v also_o in_o parliament_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v that_o some_o one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o imposition_n which_o be_v by_o assent_n or_o grant_v of_o merchant_n in_o this_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o be_v in_o time_n when_o the_o passage_n be_v open_a and_o not_o restrain_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o so_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o our_o imposition_n but_o whosoever_o shall_v by_o look_v over_o the_o statute_n
one_o aid_n or_o other_o in_o parliament_n sometime_o a_o tax_n sometime_o a_o fifteen_o sometime_o a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n &_o poundage_n in_o the_o eighteen_o year_n he_o be_v enforce_v to_o go_v in_o person_n into_o ireland_n to_o settle_v the_o state_n of_o that_o country_n then_o in_o rebelion_n all_o these_o trouble_v he_o have_v from_o abroad_o beside_o those_o famous_a rebellion_n here_o at_o home_n which_o afterward_o cast_v he_o out_o of_o his_o seat_n yet_o do_v he_o never_o for_o all_o this_o attempt_n to_o lay_v imposition_n though_o he_o want_v not_o about_o he_o to_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o absolute_a power_n for_o edward_n strafford_n bishop_n of_o exeter_n lord_z chancellor_z of_o england_n in_o a_o sermon_n make_v to_o the_o parliament_n hold_v anno_fw-la 21._o as_o our_o chronicle_n report_v do_v public_o maintaint_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o any_o law_n but_o be_v of_o himself_o absolute_a &_o above_o law_n and_o that_o to_o control_v any_o of_o his_o action_n be_v a_o offence_n worthy_a of_o death_n at_o which_o parliament_n all_o that_o be_v present_a come_v arm_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o parliament_n house_n itself_o be_v beset_v with_o 4000_o archer_n by_o his_o appointment_n i_o will_v speak_v no_o more_o of_o he_o then_o this_o though_o he_o be_v a_o king_n of_o a_o weak_a spirit_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o spare_v to_o practice_v upon_o his_o people_n the_o most_o grievous_a thing_n that_o be_v insomuch_o that_o he_o so_o far_o discontent_v they_o that_o they_o depose_v he_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n the_o only_a desperate_a example_n of_o that_o kind_n that_o our_o history_n do_v afford_v or_o i_o hope_v ever_o shall_v his_o successor_n henry_n the_o four_o 4._o hen._n 4._o in_o respect_n he_o hold_v the_o crown_n by_o so_o weak_a a_o title_n have_v cause_n to_o give_v the_o people_n all_o the_o content_a he_o can_v possible_a and_o yet_o he_o be_v so_o oppress_v with_o war_n on_o all_o side_n from_o france_n and_o scotland_n but_o especial_o by_o continual_a and_o dangerous_a invasion_n make_v by_o the_o welsh_a as_o without_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o people_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o his_o treasure_n it_o have_v not_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o have_v hold_v his_o crown_n on_o his_o head_n and_o therefore_o he_o press_v his_o people_n so_o far_o that_o in_o a_o parliament_n hold_v the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n they_o yield_v to_o he_o so_o great_a and_o so_o unaccustomed_a a_o tax_n as_o that_o the_o grantor_n thereof_o as_o our_o chronicler_n say_v take_v special_a order_n that_o no_o memory_n thereof_o shall_v remain_v of_o record_n only_o to_o avoid_v the_o precedent_n and_o yet_o the_o very_a next_o year_n follow_v his_o want_n be_v again_o grow_v so_o great_a as_o his_o subject_n be_v assemble_v in_o parliament_n to_o give_v he_o further_o aid_n do_v resolve_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o supply_v his_o want_n then_o to_o take_v from_o the_o clergy_n their_o temporal_a land_n and_o good_n and_o to_o give_v they_o all_o to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v withstand_v by_o the_o clergy_n a_o resumption_n of_o all_o the_o gift_n of_o ed._n 3._o and_o ric._n 2._o be_v propound_v at_o last_o after_o they_o have_v sit_v a_o whole_a year_n they_o give_v he_o two_o fifteenth_n at_o this_o time_n most_o of_o his_o counsel_n and_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v spiritual_a man_n have_v they_o not_o now_o if_o ever_o a_o just_a occasion_n give_v they_o to_o have_v put_v the_o king_n in_o mind_n of_o his_o prerogative_n of_o lay_v imposition_n not_o only_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o have_v divert_v he_o from_o the_o harken_v to_o that_o desperate_a motion_n that_o have_v be_v make_v against_o they_o to_o all_o their_o utter_a undo_n but_o be_v they_o not_o also_o bind_v in_o duty_n and_o conscience_n in_o this_o time_n of_o so_o great_a necessity_n see_v the_o parliament_n know_v not_o otherwise_o how_o to_o supply_v the_o king_n want_n to_o have_v advise_v he_o to_o have_v make_v use_n of_o his_o lawful_a right_n of_o impose_v by_o which_o mean_n he_o may_v without_o trouble_v the_o parliament_n quick_o have_v raise_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n certain_o it_o be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o any_o such_o practice_n in_o former_a time_n for_o none_o of_o they_o that_o be_v then_o of_o the_o counsel_n to_o henry_n the_o four_o but_o they_o live_v in_o ed._n 3._o time_n and_o most_o of_o they_o doubtless_o be_v in_o ed._n 3._o time_n man_n of_o age_n and_o discretion_n but_o in_o all_o likelihood_n as_o they_o know_v that_o edward_n the_o three_o do_v lay_v imposition_n so_o likewise_o they_o know_v that_o imposition_n have_v be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o those_o day_n condemn_v as_o unlawful_a and_o be_v become_v hateful_a to_o the_o people_n and_o only_o for_o that_o reason_n they_o do_v forbear_v to_o advise_v the_o king_n to_o take_v that_o course_n though_o the_o necessity_n be_v never_o so_o great_a another_o prerogative_n as_o much_o concern_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a as_o this_o of_o imposition_n namely_o the_o abase_v of_o coin_n this_o king_n make_v no_o scruple_n at_o all_o to_o put_v in_o practice_n because_o he_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v lawful_a his_o son_n and_o next_o successor_n hen._n 5._o who_o by_o his_o many_o victory_n over_o the_o french_a 5._o hen._n 5._o and_o his_o noble_a disposition_n and_o behaviour_n towards_o his_o people_n be_v so_o far_o belove_v of_o they_o as_o never_o be_v king_n of_o this_o realm_n more_o though_o the_o kingdom_n be_v now_o by_o one_o degree_n of_o descent_n more_o firm_o settle_v upon_o he_o than_o it_o be_v on_o his_o father_n who_o usurp_v it_o though_o also_o his_o expense_n of_o treasure_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o great_a war_n in_o france_n be_v as_o much_o as_o any_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o be_v though_o he_o have_v trouble_n also_o from_o his_o neighbour_n the_o scot_n and_o within_o his_o own_o realm_n by_o rebellion_n and_o last_o though_o he_o spare_v not_o for_o supply_v of_o treasure_n to_o suppress_v above_o a_o 100_o priory_n of_o alien_n yet_o neither_o out_o of_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o love_n with_o the_o people_n nor_o in_o his_o extreme_a necessity_n by_o reason_n of_o these_o honourable_a war_n in_o france_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o which_o the_o people_n will_v willing_o have_v undergo_v any_o burden_n which_o he_o will_v have_v lay_v upon_o they_o especial_o after_o the_o victory_n at_o agincourt_n do_v he_o ever_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n his_o successor_n hen._n 6._o 6._o hen._n 6._o though_o indeed_o of_o a_o meek_a spirit_n yet_o he_o be_v so_o follow_v with_o trouble_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o from_o abroad_o that_o he_o be_v enforce_v to_o crave_v such_o a_o extraordinary_a aid_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o parliament_n as_o the_o levie_v thereof_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o famous_a rebellion_n of_o jack_n cade_n in_o his_o time_n beside_o in_o the_o 18_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n for_o the_o ease_n of_o his_o charge_n and_o supply_v of_o his_o want_n all_o grant_n by_o he_o make_v of_o any_o land_n rent_n annuity_n or_o fee_n whatsoever_o since_o the_o first_o day_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v resume_v and_o this_o be_v never_o yield_v to_o but_o in_o case_n of_o extreme_a necessity_n as_o for_o imposition_n notwithstanding_o his_o great_a want_n he_o think_v not_o of_o they_o edw._n 4._o 4._o edw._n 4._o that_o succeed_v he_o be_v no_o less_o free_a from_o trouble_n for_o he_o be_v as_o you_o know_v drive_v to_o forsake_v his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o live_v for_o a_o while_n like_o a_o banish_a man_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n he_o be_v also_o enforce_v in_o the_o 5_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o make_v a_o resumption_n and_o the_o same_o year_n to_o abase_v his_o coin_n and_o comines_n observe_v of_o he_o that_o he_o obtain_v a_o subsidy_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o parliament_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v himself_o in_o person_n undertake_v the_o war_n in_o france_n and_o that_o only_o to_o get_v the_o subsidy_n he_o pass_v the_o sea_n into_o france_n but_o present_o return_v without_o do_v any_o thing_n what_o shall_v such_o shift_n as_o these_o have_v need_v if_o he_o may_v without_o be_v behold_v to_o his_o subject_n lawful_o and_o without_o control_n have_v raise_v treasure_n by_o lay_v of_o imposition_n it_o be_v well_o worth_a the_o remember_n that_o which_o the_o same_o comines_n speak_v in_o commendation_n of_o the_o frame_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n say_v that_o this_o state_n be_v happy_a in_o that_o the_o people_n can_v be_v compel_v by_o the_o
sibi_fw-la de_fw-la maletoltis_n quas_fw-la faciet_fw-la rex_fw-la as_o touch_v the_o word_n toll_n toll_n derivation_n of_o the_o word_n toll_n which_o they_o say_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o toll_n for_o passage_n and_o for_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o fair_n and_o market_n it_o behoove_v i_o to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o derivation_n thereof_o the_o rather_o because_o it_o be_v very_o often_o use_v in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n and_o record_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o it_o be_v in_o this_o place_n and_o by_o the_o derivation_n thereof_o the_o natural_a and_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v best_o understand_v i_o hold_v it_o therefore_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o latin_a word_n teolonium_n which_o signify_v custom_n by_o cut_v off_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o word_n and_o retain_v only_o the_o first_o part_n teol_n by_o contraction_n toll_n of_o which_o manner_n of_o derivation_n there_o be_v infinite_a example_n in_o our_o language_n the_o latin_a teolonium_n as_o say_v calvin_n in_o his_o lexicon_fw-la juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la be_v derive_v from_o the_o greek_a telos_n which_o signify_v aswell_o custom_n as_o it_o do_v finis_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o customer_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a telonarii_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o the_o genuine_a and_o primative_a signification_n of_o our_o word_n toll_n be_v no_o other_o than_o custom_n upon_o merchandize_n from_o the_o word_n toll_n be_v come_v those_o two_o barbarous_a latin_a word_n find_v in_o our_o statute_n and_o record_n toltum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o word_n use_v in_o the_o record_n of_o 16_o h._n 6._o but_o even_o now_o vouch_v by_o i_o and_o tolnetum_n the_o original_a word_n in_o the_o statute_n now_o in_o question_n which_o i_o must_v confess_v be_v also_o in_o our_o law_n latin_a use_v by_o we_o for_o toll_n in_o the_o market_n and_o toll_n for_o passage_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o register_n and_o the_o book_n of_o enetry_n but_o in_o this_o place_n malum_fw-la tolnetum_fw-la proper_o signify_v not_o a_o toll_n in_o the_o common_a sense_n but_o a_o unlawful_a charge_n lay_v by_o the_o king_n upon_o merchandize_n as_o a_o increase_n of_o custom_n according_a to_o the_o primitive_a signification_n which_o be_v evident_o prove_v in_o that_o it_o be_v here_o oppose_v to_o old_a and_o rightful_a custom_n sine_fw-la omnibus_fw-la malis_fw-la tolnetis_fw-gr per_fw-la certas_fw-la &_o antiquas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la wherefore_o it_o ought_v so_o to_o have_v be_v translate_v for_o so_o it_o signify_v without_o imposition_n by_o the_o old_a and_o rightful_a custom_n this_o exposition_n and_o translation_n be_v further_o warrant_v by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n maletolt_n so_o often_o find_v in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n &_o record_n which_o without_o scruple_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o latin_a malum_fw-la tolnetum_n the_o very_a word_n of_o our_o statute_n i_o find_v it_o diverse_o write_v maletout_a maletolt_n maletot_n and_o sometime_o maletent_a but_o i_o never_o find_v it_o any_o where_o use_v in_o any_o other_o sense_n then_o for_o a_o imposition_n by_o way_n of_o increase_n of_o custom_n upon_o merchandize_n sometime_o indeed_o but_o that_o very_o rare_o it_o be_v take_v in_o the_o best_a sense_n for_o lawful_a and_o rightful_a custom_n as_o the_o word_n imposition_n sometime_o be_v but_o then_o common_o it_o be_v accompany_v with_o another_o word_n to_o free_v it_o from_o the_o worst_a sense_n as_o droiturel_fw-fr maletout_fw-fr etc._n etc._n that_o malis_fw-la tolnetis_fw-gr be_v in_o this_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v translate_v imposition_n may_v be_v far_o prove_v by_o that_o which_o i_o find_v in_o a_o writer_n of_o the_o french_a history_n one_o jean_n serres_n who_o say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n le_fw-fr beau_n king_n of_o france_n which_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o king_n of_o england_n there_o be_v rebellion_n in_o france_n because_o of_o imposition_n lay_v by_o the_o k._n which_o in_o those_o day_n they_o do_v say_v he_o call_v maletouts_o the_o very_a word_n then_o ancient_o use_v in_o engl._n for_o imposition_n as_o may_v plentiful_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o record_n of_o h._n 3._o ed._n 1._o ed._n 2._o &_o ed._n 3._o imposition_n the_o word_n imposition_n for_o the_o word_n imposition_n be_v not_o use_v in_o any_o french_a record_n statute_n or_o other_o for_o aught_o i_o have_v see_v till_o ed._n 3._o i_o find_v it_o once_o use_v in_o latin_a 12._o ed._n 3._o in_o the_o letter_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o write_v to_o the_o archbishop_n to_o excuse_v he_o to_o the_o people_n for_o lay_v imposition_n and_o as_o all_o that_o letter_n throughout_o be_v of_o a_o eloquent_a stile_n so_o as_o it_o seem_v he_o be_v careful_a to_o avoid_v also_o that_o barbarous_a word_n malum_fw-la tolnetum_fw-la though_o common_a and_o familiar_a and_o in_o stead_n thereof_o to_o use_v the_o pure_a latin_a word_n impositio_fw-la silvius_n write_v upon_o tully_n oration_n for_o marcus_n fonteius_n where_o these_o word_n be_v use_v by_o tully_n imposuit_fw-la vectigal_a say_v ita_fw-la usitatum_fw-la vulgo_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la vectigalia_fw-la nova_fw-la appellent_fw-la impositiones_fw-la the_o word_n vectigal_n in_o this_o place_n though_o in_o a_o general_a sense_n it_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o any_o revenue_n whatsoever_o yet_o with_o the_o civil_a lawyer_n it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o excellence_n common_o use_v for_o custom_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o calvin_n in_o his_o lexicon_n vectigal_n quod_fw-la fisco_fw-la vel_fw-la reipubl_n portorii_fw-la nomine_fw-la pendintur_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la pro_fw-la mercibus_fw-la quae_fw-la invehuntur_fw-la vel_fw-la evehuntur_fw-la sometime_o they_o use_v to_o join_v with_o it_o for_o a_o more_o clear_a distinction_n the_o word_n portorium_n as_o a_o man_n will_v say_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o port_n agreeable_a with_o which_o upon_o some_o record_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n i_o have_v find_v it_o to_o be_v call_v exitus_fw-la portuum_fw-la by_o this_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o impositio_fw-la in_o pure_a latin_a and_o imposition_n in_o english_a be_v the_o same_o with_o maletolt_n in_o french_a and_o malum_fw-la tolnetum_fw-la in_o our_o law_n latin_a and_o they_o do_v all_o signify_v a_o new_a increase_n of_o custom_n and_o not_o any_o thing_n else_o wherefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o these_o word_n sine_fw-la malis_fw-la tolnetis_fw-gr in_o our_o present_a statute_n be_v natural_o and_o proper_o to_o be_v expound_v and_o understand_v of_o imposition_n and_o so_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v translate_v and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v and_o although_o the_o word_n imposition_n itself_o as_o also_o the_o word_n maletout_a and_o malum_fw-la tolnetum_fw-la may_v be_v as_o i_o have_v confess_v take_v as_o well_o for_o a_o new_a increase_n of_o custom_n by_o a_o lawful_a mean_n viz._n by_o assent_n in_o parliament_n as_o for_o a_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n which_o be_v unlawful_a yet_o by_o the_o word_n that_o immediate_o follow_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o statute_n do_v only_o intend_v unlawful_a imposition_n that_o be_v imposition_n lay_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n in_o parliament_n otherwise_o will_v they_o not_o have_v be_v oppose_v to_o due_a and_o rightful_a custom_n as_o by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n they_o be_v but_o because_o there_o have_v be_v some_o exception_n also_o take_v to_o the_o exposition_n of_o the_o word_n custom_n in_o that_o sense_n in_o which_o i_o take_v it_o that_o be_v for_o custom_n upon_o merchandise_n for_o that_o the_o word_n in_o the_o original_a be_v consuetudo_fw-la expound_v the_o word_n custom_n custuma_n and_o consuetudo_fw-la expound_v which_o signify_v a_o usage_n and_o not_o custuma_n which_o be_v the_o latin_a word_n we_o now_o use_v for_o custom_n upon_o merchandise_n it_o behoove_v i_o therefore_o to_o say_v something_o touch_v these_o word_n consetudo_fw-la and_o custuma_n for_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o scruple_n this_o word_n consuetudo_fw-la in_o his_o first_o and_o proper_a signification_n do_v i_o confess_v signify_v a_o usage_n or_o practice_v of_o a_o thing_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n but_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o record_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 3._o and_o ed._n 1._o this_o word_n in_o a_o more_o special_a manner_n be_v apply_v to_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o duty_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o reason_n of_o trade_n as_o consuetudo_fw-la aquae_fw-la thamesis_n consuetudo_fw-la piscis_fw-la venientis_fw-la ad_fw-la vicum_fw-la pontis_fw-la london_n consuetudo_fw-la quae_fw-la voco_fw-la scavagium_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la quae_fw-la voco_fw-la gage_n but_o yet_o more_o special_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o that_o duty_n which_o we_o follow_v the_o same_o rule_n because_o of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o revenue_n do_v likewise_o per_fw-la excellentiam_fw-la call_v custom_n this_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o pipe_n roll_n
king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v open_v they_o and_o shut_v they_o upon_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v answer_v and_o in_o regard_n thereof_o he_o may_v open_v and_o shut_v they_o upon_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v i_o answer_v i._o that_o the_o position_n that_o all_o the_o port_n be_v the_o king_n be_v not_o general_o true_a for_o subject_n may_v also_o be_v owner_n of_o port_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 3._o e._n 1._o m._n 1._o parl._n where_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o king_n ed._n 1._o grant_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o port_n town_n the_o forfeiture_n grant_v to_o he_o by_o parliament_n for_o not_o due_o pay_v the_o new_a custom_n of_o the_o demy-marke_a within_o every_o several_a port_n of_o they_o where_o the_o merchandize_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v import_v or_o export_v but_o admit_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o position_n yet_o be_v the_o consequence_n as_o weak_a and_o dangerous_a as_o of_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o argument_n for_o 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for_o they_o and_o many_o the_o like_a charge_n be_v the_o king_n by_o the_o law_n to_o undergo_v for_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o merchant_n it_o be_v reason_n therefore_o that_o his_o expense_n be_v defraied_a out_o of_o the_o profit_n make_v by_o merchant_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o may_v impose_v upon_o merchandise_n a_o moderate_a charge_n thereby_o to_o repay_v himself_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o argument_n be_v thus_o far_o true_a the_o law_n expect_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v protect_v merchant_n therefore_o it_o allow_v he_o out_o of_o merchandise_n a_o revenue_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o charge_n which_o be_v the_o old_a custom_n due_a as_o at_o first_o i_o say_v by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o it_o be_v no_o good_a consequence_n answer_v the_o five_o argument_n that_o all_o foreign_a prince_n have_v power_n to_o impose_v and_o if_o our_o king_n have_v not_o the_o like_a it_o may_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o this_o state_n answer_v that_o therefore_o he_o may_v take_v what_o he_o listen_v no_o more_o than_o he_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n increase_v that_o old_a revenue_n which_o the_o law_n give_v he_o for_o protect_v of_o subject_n in_o their_o suit_n or_o for_o protect_a ward_n etc._n etc._n another_o argument_n of_o they_o be_v this_o all_z other_z prince_n of_o the_o world_n may_v impose_v upon_o merchandise_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o so_o may_v make_v our_o merchandize_n less_o vendible_a with_o they_o by_o lay_v a_o imposition_n upon_o they_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o we_o when_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o territory_n whereby_o their_o own_o commodity_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n may_v be_v sell_v more_o to_o the_o gain_n of_o their_o merchant_n and_o our_o merchant_n impoverish_v or_o drive_v from_o his_o trade_n they_o may_v also_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o our_o merchant_n fetch_v commodity_n from_o thence_o and_o leave_v their_o own_o merchant_n free_a from_o any_o imposition_n in_o the_o same_o case_n by_o which_o their_o merchant_n shall_v reap_v all_o the_o profit_n by_o that_o commodity_n in_o afford_v it_o better_a cheap_a to_o we_o here_o than_o we_o can_v fetch_v it_o and_o consequent_o our_o merchant_n shall_v be_v undo_v many_o the_o like_a case_n have_v be_v put_v to_o prove_v that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v not_o impose_v as_o other_o prince_n may_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o destroy_v our_o trade_n this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o same_o as_o now_o it_o be_v during_o all_o that_o time_n from_o ed._n 3._o till_o queen_n mary_n and_o doubtless_o it_o can_v not_o but_o sometime_o during_o that_o long_a space_n so_o fall_v out_o that_o foreign_a prince_n do_v put_v their_o power_n in_o practice_n to_o our_o prejudice_n and_o yet_o we_o hear_v not_o of_o any_o imposition_n lay_v by_o any_o of_o our_o king_n by_o their_o absolute_a power_n which_o may_v give_v any_o man_n assurance_n that_o they_o take_v some_o other_o course_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o in_o deed_n the_o mean_n be_v divers_a which_o these_o our_o king_n use_v to_o prevent_v it_o first_o they_o be_v careful_a in_o all_o their_o league_n and_o treaty_n with_o foreign_a prince_n special_o to_o provide_v for_o it_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o league_n of_o late_a time_n that_o have_v not_o have_v a_o article_n for_o provision_n in_o this_o point_n which_o league_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v upon_o oath_n on_o both_o part_n and_o yet_o for_o further_a security_n our_o king_n have_v always_o have_v ambassador_n resident_a in_o the_o court_n of_o such_o foreign_a prince_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o their_o league_n if_o upon_o any_o occasion_n our_o merchant_n have_v in_o that_o case_n happen_v to_o be_v never_o so_o little_o wrong_v by_o they_o &_o if_o upon_o complaint_n of_o the_o ambassador_n our_o merchant_n have_v not_o find_v redress_n our_o king_n have_v hold_v the_o league_n as_o break_v and_o denounce_v war_n or_o seize_v all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o same_o prince_n subject_n within_o england_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v there_o have_v be_v more_o war_n undertake_v by_o our_o prince_n against_o foreign_a nation_n only_o for_o this_o cause_n then_o for_o any_o one_o other_o cause_n whatsoever_o beside_o our_o king_n have_v in_o this_o case_n sometime_o make_v use_n of_o that_o their_o prerogative_n of_o restraint_n either_o by_o prohibit_v our_o merchant_n from_o carry_v our_o commodity_n into_o those_o part_n where_o they_o be_v charge_v with_o imposition_n that_o so_o by_o the_o want_n of_o our_o commodity_n foreign_a prince_n may_v be_v enforce_v to_o abate_v their_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o they_o or_o by_o restrain_v the_o merchant_n of_o foreign_a prince_n to_o import_v or_o export_v commodity_n from_o hence_o by_o which_o mean_v foreign_a prince_n have_v be_v compel_v to_o deal_v favourable_o with_o our_o merchant_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o own_o subject_n all_o these_o be_v lawful_a and_o ordinary_a mean_n to_o prevent_v or_o redress_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v grow_v by_o the_o imposition_n of_o other_o prince_n if_o all_o these_o ordinary_a mean_n shall_v happen_v to_o fail_v which_o can_v hardly_o so_o fall_v out_o and_o that_o the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n be_v indeed_o the_o only_a mean_n that_o be_v leave_v to_o redress_v the_o inconvenience_n why_o shall_v not_o that_o be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o well_o in_o these_o time_n as_o it_o be_v in_o 7._o h._n 7._o cap._n 7._o to_o take_v down_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n upon_o a_o but_o of_o malmsey_n impose_v by_o the_o venetian_n and_o as_o it_o be_v do_v by_o queen_n eliz._n the_o 19_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n to_o prevent_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n by_o foreign_a prince_n upon_o saltfish_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o print_a statute_n of_o 19_o eliz._n cap._n 10._o but_o as_o i_o have_v say_v the_o providence_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o ordinary_a power_n of_o restraint_n may_v very_o well_o meet_v with_o the_o inconvenience_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n make_v in_o maintenance_n of_o imposition_n the_o weakness_n of_o they_o and_o their_o dangerous_a consequence_n you_o can_v but_o perceive_v for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n tax_n within_o the_o land_n may_v be_v as_o well_o prove_v to_o be_v lawful_a on_o the_o contrary_a part_n you_o have_v hear_v the_o reason_n against_o imposition_n fortify_v by_o many_o record_n and_o statute_n in_o the_o point_n so_o as_o i_o conclude_v that_o imposition_n neither_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n or_o other_o the_o great_a necessity_n or_o occasion_n that_o may_v be_v much_o less_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n neither_o upon_o foreign_a nor_o inland_n commodity_n of_o whatsoever_o nature_n be_v they_o never_o so_o superfluous_a or_o unnecessary_a neither_o upon_o merchant_n stranger_n nor_o denizen_n may_v be_v lay_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v it_o for_o never_o so_o short_a a_o time_n much_o less_o to_o endure_v for_o ever_o as_o we_o though_o this_o be_v now_o my_o opinion_n yet_o be_o not_o i_o so_o obstinate_a therein_o but_o if_o yet_o i_o hear_v better_a reason_n i_o will_v once_o again_o change_v my_o mind_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n you_o see_v i_o have_v reason_n to_o alter_v my_o first_o opinion_n as_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o weak_a reason_n as_o now_o they_o appear_v unto_o i_o and_o so_o i_o suppose_v they_o do_v also_o unto_o you_o finis_fw-la 7o._o julii_n 1641._o at_o a_o committee_n of_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o for_o examination_n of_o book_n and_o of_o the_o licens_v and_o suppress_v of_o they_o etc._n etc._n it_o be_v order_v that_o this_o argument_n upon_o imposition_n be_v forthwith_o publish_v in_o print_n edward_z dering_n