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A37760 A most compleat compendium of geography, general and special describing all the empires, kingdoms and dominions in the whole world : shewing their bounds, situation, dimensions, ancient and modern names, history, government, religions, languages, commodities ... archbishopricks and universities : in a more plain and easie method, more compendious and (perhaps) more useful than any of this bigness : to which are added general rules for making a large geography, ... / collected according to the most late discoveries and agreeing with the choicest and newest maps by Laurence Eachard ... Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730. 1691 (1691) Wing E148; ESTC R35670 72,037 209

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shall divide it into the six Circuits of the Judges 1. The Northern Circuit the Seat of the old Brigantes and Otalini afterwards the K. of Northumberland Now containing six Counties viz. Northumberland Durham York Cumberland Westmorland and Lancashire ch T. are York Durham and New-castle 2. Midland Circuit the Seat of the old Corotani and a few of the Cornavii afterwards part of the K. of Mercia It lies on the S. of the N. Circuit containing seven Counties viz. Lincoln Rutland Northampton Nottingham Darby Leicester and Warwick ch T. are Lincoln Peterborough and Nottingham 3. Oxford Circuit the Seat of the old Duboni Atrebati greatest part of the Cornavii with some of the Silures afterwards part of the K. of Mercia and a little of the K. of W. Saxons It contains eight Counties viz. Oxford Berks Gloucester Monmouth Hereford Salop and Stafford to these we may joyn for methods sake the County Palatine of Chester ch T. are Oxford Chester and Gloucester 4. Norfolk Circuit the Seat of the old Iceni with some of the Catvellani afterwards the K. of East Angles with a part of Mercia It lies on the E. of Oxford Circuit containing six Counties viz. Norfolk Suffolk Cambridge Huntington Bedford and Buckingham ch T. are Norwich Ipswich and Cambridge 5. Home Circuit the Seat of the old Trinobant●s Regni Cantii with a few of the Catvellani afterwards the K. of E. Saxons S. Saxons and Kent It lies on the S. of Norfolk Circuit containing five Counties viz. Surry Sussex Kent Essex and Hertford-shire to which we may joyn Middlesex ch T. are London Canterbury and Colchester 6. Western Circuit the Seat of the old Dummonii Belg●e and Durotriges afterwards the greatest part of the K. of W. Saxons It lies on the W. of Home Circuit containing six Counties viz. Southampton Wilts Dorset Somerset Devon and Cornwal ch Towns are Bristol Exeter and Salusbury Chief Rivers are three viz. 1. Thames 2. Severn and 3. Trent Mountains of greatest note are Ingleborough Pendle and Pennegent Archbishopricks 2 Bishopricks 22 Universities 2. 2. Wales The Principality of Wales lies on the West of England sometimes reckoned a part thereof seperated from it by the River Dee and a line drawn to the River Wie In length from N. to S. about 124 miles and in breadth from E. to W. about 100 miles It contains the greatest part of the Roman Britannia Secunda sometimes called Cambria and at this day by the French called Galles It was first conquered by the Romans and afterwards had a King of its own and sometimes two together till at last the Kings of England by little and little reduced them so that it is at present under the Kings of England whose eldest Son has the Title of Prince of Wales The Inhabitants are most Protestants their Language very harsh being the same with the old British but the English Tongue is used also in many places Their chief Commodities are Wool Metals Coals Cottons Bays Cloth c. Divided into two parts viz. 1. North Wales the Seat of the old Ordovices afterwards the K. of Guinedth and part of Powisland It contains six Counties viz. Flint Denbigh Isle of Anglesey Carnarvan Merioneth and Montgomery ch T. are St. Asaph Montgomery and Denbigh 2. South Wales the Seat of the old Dimetae and part of Silures afterwards the K. of Debenbarch and part of Powisland It contains six Counties viz. Cardigan Radnor Pembrook Carmarthen Brecknock and Glamorgan ch T. are Pembrook St. Davids and Llandaff Principal Rivers are those called 1. Wie and 2. d ee Chief Mountains are 1. Snowdon and 2. Plinlimmon 3. Scotland The Kingdom of Scotland lies on the N. of England from which seperated by the Rivers Tweed and Solway and the Cheriot-hills in length from Dungisby-head to the S. parts of Galway 250 miles in breadth from Aberdeen to the Isle of Mule 150 miles It was anciently called Calidonia and sometimes Albania now by the French l' Escosse by the Germans Schottlandt It was for many Ages governed by its own Kings till Anno 1602. it was to our great content united to England and still remains under that King but some of the Northern parts are almost free ch T. is Edenburgh the Seat of the former Kings The Inhabitants are mostly Protestants inclining to Presbytery Their Language in the South parts is a corrupt English and on the North and West a Dialect of the Irish. Their chief Commodities are Cattel Cows Cloths Friezes Fish Tallow Hides Lead-Oar It is divided into two parts which are 1. Highland or North Scotland the Seat of the old Scots 170 m. l. 138 br It contains thirteen Counties viz. Loquebrea Braid albin Perth Athol Anguis Mern Mar Buquhan Murrey Ross Sutherland Cathannes and Strathnavern ch T. are Aberdeen Perth and Dundee 2. Lowland or South Scotland the Seat of the old Picts 156 m. l. 110 br It contains twenty one Counties viz. Tiffedale Merch Landien Liddisdale Eskadale Annandale Niddisdale Galloway Carrick Kile Cunhingham Arran Clivesdale Lennox Sterlin Fife Strathern Menteith Argile Cantire and Lorn ch T. are Edenburgh Glasco and St. Andrews Principal Rivers are two viz. 1. Tay and 2. Spey Chief Mountains are 1. Cheriot Hills and 2. those of Albany Archbishopricks 2 Bishopricks 12 Universities 4. 4. Ireland The Kingdom of Ireland an Island lying on the West of England and Wales being in length from N. to South about 270 miles and in breadth from E. to W. about 160 miles Anciently called Scotia minor Iuverna Hibernia Iernia and Bernia now by the Natives Erin and by the Welch Yverdon and by the English Ireland The People were formerly without Law or Government first conquered by the Norwegians then partly by Henry the Second of England and not long after reduced to England So that it is at present under the Kings of England Governed by a Vice-Roy or Deputy whose Seat is at Dublin The Inhabitants are both Protestants and Papists Their Language a Dialect of the old British intermixed with Norwegian Danish and English The English is also frequently used among them Their chief Commodities are Cattel Hides Tallow Butter Cheese Honey Wax Furs Salt Hemp Linnen-Cloth Pipe-staves Wool Friezes Rugs Mantles c. It is divided into four Provinces which are 1. Vlster containing all the Northern parts the Seat of the old Rhobognii Darnii Volontii Vemenii and Erdini 116 m. l. 100 br It contains ten Counties viz. Dunnagal Fermanagh Tirone Londonderry or Colerain Antrim Down Armagh Moneghon Lough and Cavan ch T. are Londonderry Drogheda and Armagh 2. Connaught on the S. W. of Vlster the Seat of the old Auseri Cangani and Nagnatae 130 m. l. 84 br It contains six Counties viz. Letrim Slego Majo Roscoman Galloway and Thomond or Clare ch T. are Galloway Killaloe and Athlone 3. Leinster on the E. of Connaught the Seat of the old Menapii Cauci Blanii and Brigantes 112 m. l. 70 br It contains eleven Counties viz. Dublin Kildare
the South the Mediterranian Sea and on the East Asia from which seperated by the Archepelago the Euxine Sea and Palus Maeotis the rest is uncertain Situated between the 7th and 100th degr of Lon. and between the 34th and 72 degr of Lat. being in length from Cape St. Vincent in Portugal to the mouth of the River Oby in Russia about 3300 Miles and in breadth from Matapan in Morea to the North Cape in Norway about 2200 Miles It is the least part of the four but far the more noble being the most populous and civilized adorned with many large and glorious Cities inriched with the most necessary Commodities and abounding with all the riches pleasures and plenty that the most voluptious man can hope or wish for The Arts peculiar to Europe and there invented may be reckoned Painting Printing Statuary and divers particulars in the Art of Navigation and War and most especially in all learned and scholastick Sciences The Religions may be reduced to five heads viz. 1. The Reformed or Protestant 2. The Roman Catholick 3. That of the Greek Church 4. The Mahomitan And 5. The Jewish The Languages divided into thr●● parts viz. 1. The Tutonick divided into English Dutch and Danish 2. Latin corrupted into French Spanish and Italian And 3. Sclavonian divided into Russian Polish and Turkish There are several others of less note which shall be named afterwards It is under the Government of three Emperours viz. Turky Russia and Germany Seven Kings viz. England France Spain Portugal Denmark Sweedland and Poland One Pope Six Dukes besides Lorrain and those of the Empire Seven Commonwealths besides many other inferior Princes Earls Imperial Cities and such like Rivers of principal note are six viz. 1. Danew 2. Wolga 3. Dui●a 4. Bo●isthines 5. Rhine and 6. Loyre Mountains of greatest note are four viz. 1. the Alpes 2. Pirenean 3. Dofrine Hills and 4. Carpathean Mountains Lakes of chiefest account are reckoned three viz. 1. Ladoga 2. Onega and 3. Wener Europe may be divided into twelve parts viz. 1. Spain 2. Portugal 3. France 4. Italy 5. British Isles 6. Low-Countrys 7. Germany 8. Denmark 9. Sweedland 10. Russia 11. Poland and 12. Turky in Europe 1. Spain THE Kingdom of Spain lies on the W. of Europe and on the S. W. of France in form of a Peninsula being incompassed on three sides with Sea Situated between the 7th and the 22 degr of Lon. and between the 36th and the 44th of Lat. being in length from Cape Creus in Catalonia to Cape Finestro in Gallicia 630 miles and in breadth from Gibralter in Andaluzia to Cape Pennas in Asturia 480 miles Together with Portugal it made up the Roman Diocess of Spain sometimes called Iberia and Hesperia and afterwards Mus Arabia and now Spain by the Natives La Espanna by the French L'Espagne by the Italians La Spagna by the Polanders Hispanska by the Germans Spanien and by the Dutch Spangien It was first conquered by the Carthaginians then by the Romans then by the Vandals immediately after by the Goths after that by the Saracens and Moors and divided into several Kingdoms till Anno 147 B. Ferdinand drove out the Moor● and erected a Monarchy which still continues So that the present Government is under its own King who has many Dominions and more Titles particularly that of the Catholick King His Royal Seat is Madrid The Inhabitants descend from the Goths Moors Iews and old Spaniards all Roman Catholicks Their Language the vulgar Spanish or Castilian a manly Tongue composed of French Latine Gothish Arabick and old Spanish In Biscay they speak the old Cantabrian and the Arabick in some of the Mountains in Granada Their chief Commodities are Sacks Sugars Oyl Metals Rice Silk Orenges Raisins Wool Cork Rosin and Lamb-skins It contains 14 Provinces which are as following 1. Kingdom of Gallicia but part of the old Gallicia the most N. W. Province 170 m. l. and 140 br ch T. Compostella Mondonedo Coranna and Lugo 2. Province of Asturia part of the old Gallicia on the E. of Gallicia 135 m. l. and 60 br divided into two parts viz. 1. Asturia de Oviedo ch T. Oviedo and 2. Asturia de Santillina ch T. Santillina Oviedo is ch T. of both 3. Province of Biscay and Cantabria part of the old Tarraconensis on the E. of Asturia 120 m. l. and 74 br divided into three parts viz. 1. Ipusco or Guipuscoa ch T. Placentia 2. Biscay ch T. Bilbo and 3. Alava ch T. Salvatierra Bilbo is ch T. of the whole 4. Kingdom of Navarr part of old Tarraconensis on the S. E. of Biscay 96 m. l. 88 br ch T. are Pampalune Estella Olita and Tudela 5. Kingdom of Aragon part of Tarraconensis and Carthagenensis on the S. E. of Navarr 180 m. l. 120 br ch T. are Saragossa Iacca Balbastro and Huesca 6. Principality of Catalonia part of old Tarraconensis on the E. of Aragon 180 m. l. 130 br ch T. are Barcelona Taragon and Tortosa In this is the Country of Rousillon under the French ch T. Peripignan 7. Kingdom of Valencia part of old Carthagenensis on the S. W. of Catalonia 178 m. l. and 70 br ch T. are Valencia Alicant Segorbe and Origrella 8. Kingdom of Murcia part of old Carthagenensis on the S. W. of Valencia 96 m. l. 70 br ch T. are Murcia Cartegena and Lorca 9. New Castile part of old Carthagenensis with a little of Lusitania on the N. W. of Murcia 230 m. l. 220 br ch T. are Madrid Toledo Alcala de Henares Cuenca and Cividad Real 10. Old Castile part of old Gallicia and Carthagenensis on the N. of new Castile 190 m. l. 145 br ch T. are Burgos Valadolid and Segovia In this lies the Province of Rioja ch T. Logronno 11. Kingdom of Leon part of old Gallicia and Lusitania on the W. of old Castile 165 m. l. 110 br ch T. are Leon Salamanca Toro and Astorga 12. Extremadura part of old Lusitania and Betica on the S. of Leon 194 m. l. 120 br ch T. are Placentia Alcantra Merida and Coria This Pr. by some is made in Leon and by others in Castile 13. Kingdom of Andalusia or Vandalitia part of old Betica with some of Carthagenensis on the S. of Extremadura and new Castile 286 m l. 140 br ch T. Sevil Cadis Cordova and Iaen 14. Kingdom of Granada part of old Betica on the S. E. of Andalusia 220 m. l. 70 br ch T. are Granada Guadix and Malaga The Spanish Isles lie in the Mediterranian on the S. of Catalonia they are 1. Majorca 2. Minorca these were the old Baleures and 3. Yvica Ch. T. are the same again Rivers of chiefest note are five viz. 1. Tego 2. Ebro 3. Douro 4. Guadiana and 5. Guadalquiver Principal Mountains besides the Pirenean Hills are 1. Siera Morina and 2. Nevada Archbishopricks 8 Bishopricks 45 Universities 16. 2. Portugal THE Kingdom of Portugal properly a part
the old Gallia Cispadana on the S. E. of Milan and N. E. of Genoa 60 m. l. 55 br It is divided into three parts viz. 1. D. of Parma it self ch T. Parma 2. D. of Piecenza ch T. Piecenza And 3. Ter. of Busetto ch T. Busetto All under the D. of Parma 7. Dukedom of Modena part of old Gallia Cispadana on the E. of Parma 84 m. l. 46 br ch T. are Modena and Regio In the bounds of this Dukedom are four other small Provinces viz. 1. Ter. of Carpi ch T. Carpi 2. Ter. of Corregio ch T. Corregio These two are under the Duke of Modena 3. D. of Mirandula ch T. Mirandula And 4. Prin. of Novellara ch T. Novellara These two are under their own Princes 8. Dukedom of Mantua part of the old Cenomani on the N. of Modena 68 m. l. 38 br ch T. Mantua In the bounds of this Dukedom are four other Soveraignties besides the Prin. of Bozolo under the D. of Mantua viz. 1. D. of Sabionetta ch T. Sabionetta 2. D. of Guastilla ch T. Guastilla 3. Prin. of Castiglione ch T. Castillon And 4. Prin. of Solfare These are under their several Princes 9. Commonwealth of Venice on the N. E. of Mantua 260 m. l. 114 br It contains the old Venetia Carnia Istria and part of Cenomani now divided into 14 Provinces viz. 1. B●rgamasco ch T. Bergamo 2. Cremense ch T. Crema 3. Bressciano ch T. Bresscia 4. Veronez ch T. Verona 5. Vicentino ch T. Vicenza 6. Paduano ch T. Padua 7. Rovigino ch T. Rovigo 8. Dogato ch T. Venice 9. Marca Trevigiano ch T. Trevigio 10. Feltrino ch T. Feltri 11. Belluness ch T. Belluno 12. Cadorino ch T. Cadore 13. Friuli ch T. Vdine And 14. Istria ch T. Cabo d' Istria These nine Provinces commonly go under the general name of Lumbardy 10. The State of the Church or the Popedom under the Pope on the S. of Venice 260 m. l. 130 br It contains the old Pro. of Vmbria Picenum Sabina greatest part of Latium with part of Gal. Cispadana and Hetruria now divided into 12 Provinces viz. 1. D. of Ferrara ch T. Ferrara 2. Bologness ch T. Bologna 3. Romagna ch T. Ravenna In this is the Town and Soveraign Mar. of Meldola 4. D. of Vrbine ch T. Vrbine In this are the County of Citta de Castello Ter. of Fano and the Commonwealth of St. Marino independent ch T. are the same 5. Mar. of Ancona ch T. Ancona 6. D. of Spoletto or Vmbria ch T. Spoletto 7. Perugiano ch T. Perugia 8. Orviatano ch T. Orvieto 9. D. of Castro under the D. of Parma ch T. Castro 10. St. Peter's Patrimony ch T. Viterbo In this are the D. of Braciano under its own D. County of Roncigliano and that of Citta de Castillana ch T. are the same 11. Sabina ch T. Magliano 12. Campagna di Roma ch T. Rome 11. Great Dukedom of Tuscany but a part of the old Tuscia or Hetruria on the S. W. of the Popedom 170 m. l. 120 br It contains 1. The Dukedom of Florence ch T. Florence 2. Ter. of Sienna ch T. Sienna 3. Ter of Pisa ch T. Pisa and Leghorn These are under the Duke of Tuscany 4. Common-wealth of Luca independent ch T. Luca. 5. The State of Presidii under Spain ch T. Orbitello 6. Duke of Carrara and Massa under its own Duke 7. Prin. of Piombino ch T. Piombino Its Prince is under the protection of Spain Florence is ch T. of the whole 12. Kingdom of Naples on the S. E. of the Popedom 340 m. l. 120 br It contains the old Pro. of Samnum Campania Apulia Messapia Lucania Brutium with a little of Latium now divided into twelve Provinces viz. 1. Abruzzo the further ch T. Aquila 2. Abruzzo the nigher ch T. Lanciano and Civita di Chie 3. Molissa ch T. Molise 4. Terra di Lavoro ch T. Naples and Capua 5. Further Principate ch T. Benevento 6. Nigher Principate ch T. Salerno 7. Basilicate ch T. Cirenza 8. Capitinate or Puglia ch T. Manfredonia 9. Terra di Bari ch T. Bari 10. Terra di Otranto ch T. Otranto 11. Calabria the Nigher ch T. Cosenze and Rossano 12. Calabria the Further ch T. Regio and St. Severino It is under the K. of Spain The Italian Isles are chiefly three which are 1. Kingdom of Sicily on the S. W. of Naples 200 m. l. 148 br under the K. of Spain Divided into three Provinces viz. 1. Val di Demona ch T. Messina and Catana 2. Val di Noto ch T. Siracossa and Noto And 3. Val di Mazera ch T. Palermo and Montreal Palermo is ch of all 2. Kingdom of Sardinia an Ichusua and Sandaliotes on the N. W. of Sicily 160 m. l. 94 br ch T. are Cagliari Crestagni and Sassari It is under the K. of Spain 3. Island of Corsica under the Common-wealth of Genoa on the N. of Sardinia 115 m. l. 55 br ch T. are Bastia Corte St. Florence and Boniface Rivers of chiefest note are four viz. 1. Po 2. Adige 3. Tiber and 4. Arno. Mountains of greatest note are the Alps and Apennine Chief Lakes are eight viz. 1. Garda 2. Como 3. Magjore 4. Iseo 5. Lugato 6. Perugia 7. Celano and 8. Bolseno Patriarchs three viz. Rome Venice and Aquileja Archbishopricks 78 Bishopricks 278 Universities 17. 5. British Isles THE British Isles or the English Dominions lie in the Western Ocean on the N. of France and W. of Denmark and the Low Countries Situated between the 8th and the 20th 55 min. of Lon. and between the 50 and 59th degr of Lat. Under this Name are comprehended 1. England 2. Wales 3. Scotland and 4. Ireland 1. England The Kingdom of England lies on the S. of Scotland in a triangular form incompassed on three sides with the Sea In length from N. to S. about 325 miles in breadth from E. to W. about 300 miles containing about 30 millions of Acres It contains the greatest part of the ancient Albion and Britain sometimes called Lhoegria now called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Spaniards Inglaterra and by the Germans Engellandt It was first conquered by the Romans after that it had its own Kings next by the Saxons dividing it into seven Kingdoms but afterwards united again then by the Danes again by the Saxons at last by the Normans who erected that Monarchy which still continues so it is now wholly under its own King who has the Title of Defender of the Faith His Royal Seat is at London The Inhabitants are of the Reformed Religion here taught in its purity some few are Papists Their Language a branch of the Tutonick chiefly compounded of Dutch Latine and French in some parts of Cornwal they use a sort of Welch Their chief Commodities are Corn Cattel Metals Timber Coals abundance of Wool Cloth Stuffs Linnen Hides Tallow Butter Cheese Beer c. For the better methods sake I