by frequent Minorities produces none but lazy ill educated Princes who leave all the Authority to the Mayors of the Palace 693. Theodosius III. Emperor 714. The Moors being Masters of Spain endeavour to spread beyond the Pyrenees but Charles Martel Mayre of the Palace repulses them He defeats them in the famous Battle at Tours where Abderame their General is slain with a prodigious number of those Infidels 716. All the Gauls submitted to the French under Charles Martel 716. Leo Isaurus Emperor 716. Great Dispute about Image-worship Constantius Copronymus Emperor 741. Pepin Son to Charles Martel raises himself to the Royal Dignity to which Childeric's sloth had opened him a way Pope Zacharias declares the French free from the Oath of Allegiance they had sworn to Childeric 752. Charles the Great succeeds his Father Pepin 767. Leo made Collegue with his Father in the Empire 769. Marries Irene makes his Son Collegue 777. Constantine with his Mother Irene 780. Constantius and Irene expel one another alternately at length Irene reigns alone 790. Alphonsus the Chast reigns in Spain and frees it from the ignominous Tribute of an hundred Virgins which his Uncle Mauregat had granted the Moors 793. The Romans despising the Government of Irene then sole Empress and the Lombards being grown too powerful apply themselves to Charlemaign who having conquer'd Desiderius the last King of Lombardy protected the Popes won over to Christianity unbelieving Nations restored Sciences and Ecclesiastical Discipline assembled Councils and made his Piety and Justice shine throughout all the World is declared Emperor of the West 800. EPOCHA XII Charlemaign or the Establishment of the New Empire 800. This Epocha goes to the taking of Constantinople by the Turks and thereby the Downfal of the Eastern Empire and lasts 653 Years CHarles the Great call'd in French Charlemaign was one of the greatest Princes that has been He was Couragious Learned and Eminent by a great many Virtues He favoured very much Men of Learning having declared himself Patron to them as well as to the Holy See for he took no less Care of the Church than he did of his Kingdom Pope Leo III. who in 795. had succeeded Adrian was very much abused by his Enemies which Charlemaign sensibly resenting came to Rome to punish the Authors of it The Pope out of a grateful Acknowledgment for the many Favours which both this King his Father and Grandfather had done the Holy See crowned him on Christmas-day in S. Peter's Church and saluted him Emperor Thus the 800th Year of JESUS CHRIST gave a New Emperor to the West Nicephorus obtains the Empire of the East from Irene 803. Michael Curopolitanus Emperor of the East 811. Leo V. Emperor of the East 813. The Heptarchy in Britain was united in Egbert who was Crowned sole Monarch 819. He gave the Name of England to his Kingdom The Danes begin to Infest the Land Ludovicus Pius Emperor of the West 814. His Children conspire against and Imprison him for some time 830. Michael Balbus Emperor of the East 821. Theophilus his Son succeeds him 829. Michael his Son 842. Ethelwolf Son of Egbert King of England 837. The Dominions of Ludovicus Pius divided amongst his Sons Lotharius has the Title of Emperor and Dominion over Italy c. Ludovicus part of Germany and France c. and Charles sirnam'd the Bald the rest 841 Michael the Eastern Emperor expells his Mother who had Rul'd with him 854. Bardas her Brother Rules with his Nephew 855. Lewis II. Emperor of the West 856. Ethelwald King of England 857. Ethelbert succeeds him 860. Ethelred King of England 866. Basilius Macedo Emperor 867. The Danes rage here Alfred King of England 872. He is much molested by the Danes An eminently Virtuous Prince He founds the University of Oxford Charles the Bald Emperor of the West 876. Lewis III. call'd the Stammerer 878. Carolus Crassus Emperor 880. The Normans a Northern People invade and lay waste the Western part of France while the Sarazens spoil Italy Carlomanus who had agreed to give the Normans 12000 Marks of Silver to make them leave his Dominions is no sooner Dead but they come again into his Kingdom out of a subtle pretence that the Treaty ended with his Life Hugh the Abbot Fights them and makes such a Slaughter of them that they left France in quiet for some time 884. However Lewis the Simple soon after permits them to settle in that part now call'd Normandy Leo VI. succeeds his Father Basilius in the Empire of the East 886. Arnolphus chosen Emperor of the West 888. Eudo charges the Normans kills 19000 of them and drives them before him every where 889. Lewis IV. his Son a Child Emperor 900. Oppos'd by another Lewis set up by the Pope Edward the Elder Son of Alfred King of England 901. The Hungarians waste Germany Italy c. in the time of Lewis IV. in whom ended the Line of Charlemaign in Germany for the Empire was given to Otho Duke of Saxony and afterwards Conrad Duke of Franconia chosen Emperor 912. Alexander Son of Leo Emperor of the East 911. Romanus his Collegue 919. Raises his Sons to the Empire they expel him 944. And Quarrelling between themselves are depos'd by Constantine who Reigns alone till Poyson'd by Romanus II. who makes himself Emperor of the East 960. Henry sirnam'd the Fowler Emperor of the West 920. Ethelstane King of England 924. Otho the Great Emperor of the West 938. Edmond Son of Ethelston King of England 940. Edred Brother to Edmond succeeded in the Non-age of his Nephews 946. Edwin the eldest Son of Edmond a wicked Prince 955. Edgar his Brother a very good Prince 959. Otho the Great subdued and converted to Christianity The Danes conquer'd in Italy Hungary Bohemia c. Iohn Zimisca Emperor of the East 969. he obtain'd Victories over the Sarazens and honours the Image of the Virgin Mary and first coin'd Gold with this Inscription Iesus Christus Rex Regum Otho II. Son to Otho the Great Emperor of West 973. Basil and Constantine Brothers Emperors of East 975. Edward sirnamed the Martyr King of England 975. Kill'd by his Step-mother Elfreda and succeeded by Ethelred with Elfreda 978. The Danes invade the Land and committing great ravage are all Massacred in one Day 1002. Henry call'd the Saint Duke of Saxony chosen Emperor 1008. The Sarazens by the Instigation of the Iews pull down the Church of Ierusalem and the Holy Sepulcher which revives the Devotion of the Christians of the West and their Hatred against the Iews whom they Banish and Destroy 1009. Edmund sirnam'd Ironside King of England 1016. At the same time Canute the Dane was made King by part of the Nation Guido Aretinus a Monk invents musical Notes 1022. Conrade II. Duke of Franconia Emperor 1025. Romanus III. Emperor of the East 1028. Michael Paphlago Emperor of the East 1034. Herald the Dane King of England 1036. Hardicanute succeeds him 1040. a wicked Prince the
last of the Danes is succeeded by Edward the Confessor Son of Ethelred 1042. Theodora Empress of the East 1055. Henry III. Emperor of the West 1039. Henry IV. Emperor of the West 1056. Michael Stratonious Emperor of the East 1056. Isaacius Comnenus 1057. Constantinus Ducas 1061. Harald Son of Godwin Earl of Kent Usurps the Crown of England 1066. William Duke of Normandy invades England Conquers Harald and is made King 1066. Michael Ducas Parapinaus Emperor of the East 1067. Romanus Diogenes marries Michael's Mother 1068. and Reigns with him till taken by the Turks and afterwards kill'd by Michael 1071. Nicephorus Betoniates Michael being depos'd succeeds him 1078. Alexius Comnenus puts Nicephorus into a Monastery and succeeds him 1080. The Turks separate themselves from the Sarazens and chuse for their Prince under the title of Sultan Tangrolipix 1048. He Conquers Persia 1059. Takes Ierusalem 1068. Axan succeeds him 1070. He took Prisoner Romanus Diogenes Emperor and conquers much Melec the 3d Sultan 1086. At this time the Turks were Masters of Syria the lesser Asia and all Palestine where they very much oppressing the Christians Simeon Patriarch of Ierusalem writes to the Pope for Relief who calls a Council at Placentia and obtains a general Croisade or War from all the Nations of Christendom for recovery of the Holy-Land to be Decreed 1095. Great Preparations are immediately made for the Holy War and divers Princes and Noblemen among whom Godfrey of Bulligne Duke of Loraine or rather of Brabant set forward with a great Army 1096. Solyman Sultan of the Turks 1097. Ierusalem is regain'd from the Turks and Godfrey of Bullen made King of it 1099. William Rufus King of England 1087. Henry I. his Brother succeeds him 1100. Baldwin Brother to Godfrey King of Ierusalem 1101. Henry V. Emperor of Germany 1106. Calo. Ioannes Comnenus Emperor of Greece 1118. Baldwin II. King of Ierusalem 1119. Lotharius Saxo Emperor of Germany 1125. He restored the Civil Law the Code and Pandects being found in Italy in his time Conradus III. Duke of Sweden succeeds him 1138. Emanuel Comnenus Emperor at Constantinople 1143. He is said to have caused Lime to be mixt with the Meal that was sold at Constantinople to the Army of the Emperor Conrade in his Journey to the Holy Land Stephen Earl of Blois King of England 1135. Fulco Baldwin's Son-in-Law King of Ierusalem 1135. Baldwin III. his Brother succeeds 1143. Noradine Sultan of the Turks 1143. Frederick Barbarossa Emperor of Germany 1152. Henry II. King of England 1154. He conquer'd Ireland 1172. Almaric King of Ierusalem 1163. Saladine Sultan of the Turks 1170. Alexius Comnenus II. Emperor of Greece 1180. Andronicus his Son 1182. Isaacius Angelus Comnenus 1185. Henry VI. Emperor of Germany 1190. Ierusalem re-taken by the Turks 1187. Richard I. King of England 1189. He goes to the Holy Land in his way takes the Island Cyprus In his return is taken Prisoner by the German Emperor Alexius Angelus Emperor of Greece 1195. Philip succeeds Henry VI. in the Empire 1198. Is oppos'd in it by Otho who was set up by the Pope Iohn steps over his Nephew Arthur's Head into the Throne of England 1199. By reason of a Quarrel between him and the Pope the Kingdom is interdicted and no Holy Offices perform'd for 6 years He had great Wars with the Barons who call in the French He first granted Magna Charta A great disorder in the succession of the Greek Emperors for Constantinople is taken by the Latins and Alexius Ducas who had strangled his Predecessor forced to flie to Adrianople 1204. Theodorus Lascarus Emperor at Adrianople 1204. Baldwin Earl of Flanders at Constantinople 1204. A succession in both those Cities continued till the time of Michael Paleologus Frederick II. Duke of Swaben Emperor of Germany 1212. The Inquisition first erected against the Albigenses 1222. Frederick Emperor of Germany goes to the Holy-war recovers Ierusalem and is Crown'd King of it 1229. He had Wars with the Pope was excommunicated and Anti-Caesars set up Henry III. King of England 1216. The Barons rise against him 1227. Magna Charta confirm'd by him 1253. Breaks it the Barons rise again and the King is taken Prisoner and detain'd by Simon Mountfort 1258. Lewis call'd the Saint King of France goes to the Holy-war with a great Army 1248. Takes Damieta returning home is taken Prisoner 1250. Great Confusion in the Government of the Western Empire occasion'd by the Emperor's Quarrel with the Pope Richard Brother to King Henry of England chosen Emperor 1256. Michael Paleologus regains Constantinople and Reigns sole Emperor there 1260. Edward I. King of England 1272. Rodolphus Count of Hapsburg Emperor of Germany 1273. From him proceeded the Austrian Family Andronicus Paleologus II. Emperor at Constantinople 1283. Adolphus of Nassaw Emperor of Germany 1291. Albert of Austria succeeds him 1298. Ottoman the founder of the present Turkish Empire 1297. Henry VII Earl of Luxemburg Emperor of Germany 1308. Edward II. King of England 1307. By too much cherishing Gaveston and the Spencers he lost the Love of his People and was at last depos'd 1326. Ludovicus of Bavaria Emperor of Germany 1314. He is oppos'd by an Anti Caesar Frederick of Austria Albert's Son Great Disputes at this time concerning the Authority of the Emperor and the Pope Edward III. King of England 1327. He is victorious in France his Son Edward stil'd the Black Prince took the French King Prisoner and by his Heroick Valour left his Father and Himself an immortal Name This King instituted the Order of the Garter In his time Wickliff lived Andronicus Paleologus III. Emperor at Constantinople 1328. Iohn his Son succeeds at 9 Years old 1341. Iohn Cantacuzen his Tutor makes himself his Associate in the Empire and rules with him till 1354. Charles IV. King of Bohemia Emperor of Germany 1347. The Mariners Compass found out 1302. Philip the Fair King of France having great difference with Pope Boniface VIII is excommunicated 1302. Pope Clement V. remov'd the Papal Seat to Avignon where it remain'd for 70 Years 1305. The Albigenses and Waldenses much persecuted at this time Walter Lollard a notable Opposer of the Romish Superstition with many of his Followers burnt in Austria 1315. Gun-powder invented in Germany by Barth Schwartz a Monk and Guns first used by the Venetians 1344. Amurath the Turkish Sultan brings 60000 Turks into Europe and takes Adrianople 1359. Richard II. King of England 1377. Quells the Rebellion of Iack Straw and Wat Tyler 1381. Is depos'd 1399. Henry IV. Son of Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster succeeds and begins the Lancastrian Line of Kings 1399. Wenceslaus King of Bohemia chosen Emperor 1387. Rhodes well defended against the Turks 1380. Andronicus IV. Emperor at Constantinople 1384. Manuel Paleologus succeeds him 138â— Bajazet the Turk began to Reign 1388. Tamerlan the Tartar began to Reign 1387. He conquer'd Babylon Persia China and India Overcomes Bajazet and puts him in an Iron Cage 1399. The
of Portugal by all whom being refus'd he at length obtain'd it of Ferdinand and Isabella King and Queen of Spain who in the Year 1492. gave him Three Ships with Men and Provisions with these he set out and happily effected his Intention discovering Cuba and Hispaniola and return'd to Spain 1493. Afterwards Americus Vespusius being set forth by Emanuel King of Portugal discover'd the Southern Continent of America which Name he had the Honour to give to all that vast Country 149â— Maximilian Emperor an excellent Prince 1493. Henry VIII King of England 1509. he married Katharin of Spain the Widow of his Brother Arthur 1509. Charles V. Son of Philip who was the Son of Maximilian and Mary of Burgundy which Philip married Ioan the Heiress of Spain by which means Charles succeeded in both these Estates 1516. and was chosen Emperor on the Death of Maximilian 1519. Fr. Picus Count of Mirandola in Italy and D. Erasmus Native of Rotterdam flourished Martin Luther begins to Preach in Germany against Indulgences and other Errors of the Church of Rome 1517. Solyman styl'd The Magnificent began to Reign 1520. The Island and City of Rhodes after a vigorous Defence taken by the Turks 1523. Belgrade was taken and Vienna besieg'd by Solyman King Henry of England Wars successfully with France 1510. writes against Luther and obtains the Title of Defender of the Faith 1521. Is divorc'd from Queen Katharin and marries Anne Bollen 1533. Beheads her and marries Iane Seymour 1536. Marries Anne of Cleeve and Katharin Howard 1540. Marries again the Lady Katharin Parr 1543. he advanc'd Cardinal Wolsey to the highest pitch of Greatness who having displeas'd him is pull'd down and Cromwel advanc'd 1531. Cromwel also disgrac'd and beheaded 1540. This King suppress'd Monasteries and made way for the Reformation which follow'd in the Reigns of his Son and Daughters The Straights of Magellanica in America discover'd and nam'd by Ferdinand Magellan 1520. Mexico and Peru conquer'd by the Spaniards about this time The Name of Protestant first began on occasion of a Protestation the Lutherans made against a Decree of the Chamber of Spire against them 1529. The Smalcaldan League or agreement between the Protestants of Germany for their mutual Defence made at Smalcald 1540. The Council of TRENT began 1540. Edward VI. Son of Henry VIII by his Wife Iane Seymour succeeds his Father at 9 Years of Age 1547. a wonderfully wise and pious Prince he reforms Religion and expels the Superstition and false Doctrin of the Romish Church his Uncle Edward Seymour the Protector beheaded 1551. Mary his Sister succeeds him 1553. she restores Popery marries Philip the Son of the Emperor Charles V. afterwards King of Spain 1554. loses Callice which had been held by the English ever since King Edward IIId's time 1557. Elizabeth her Sister Queen of England 1558. restores the Reformation and reigns with great Wisdom and Reputation 44 Years The Emperor Charles V. Resigns all his Kingdoms 1557. Ferdinand his Brother chosen Emperor 1558. Philip II. his Son succeeds him in Spain 1558. Charles IX King of France 1560. The Civil War for Religion began there 1562. The Massacre of the Protestants at Paris 1572. Maximilian II. Emperor 1564. The Wars in the Low-Countries against the Inquisition c. began 1565. King Philip sends Duke d' Alva to suppress it 1567. William Prince of Orange heads the Protestants in the Low-Countries 1572. Under whose Protection Holland throws off the Spanish Yoke and soon after Six more of the Provinces joyn with them and altogether conclude a solemn Union at Vâ—recht 1579. Queen Elizabeth being at this time at War with Spain gives them assistance The famous Sea Fight at Lepanto wherein the Venetians kill 20000 Turks and sink 200 Galleys 1572. Henry III. King of France 1574. The Holy League in France began 1576. Rodolphus II. Emperor 1576. Sir Francis Drake Sails through the Magallonnie Streights thence over to the Phillipine Islands and the East-Indies and having encompass'd the whole Globe of the Earth returns to England 1580. Pope Gregory XIII Corrects the Calander 1582. William Prince of Orange Assassinated at Delft 1584. Succeeded by his Brother Maurice who for many Years maintain'd the War against the Spaniards The Spaniards with a mighty Armado attempt to invade England but are totally routed by the English 1588. Mary Queen of Scots beheaded in England 1587. Henry III. King of France is stab'd by Ia. Clement a Friar 1589. Henry IV. King of Navarre succeeds him 1589. Turns Roman Catholick restores the Peace of the Nation Years of Jes. Chr. Makes an Edict at Nants in favour of the Protestants 1598. Is stab'd by Ravillac 1610. Iames King of Scotland succeeds Queen Elizabeth in the Throne of England 1602. The Gun-powder Plot 1605. Philip III. King of Spain 1598. Peace made between Spain and Holland whereby the united Provinces are declar'd a free State 1609. Lewis XIII King of France 1610. Gustavus Adolphus the famous King of Sweden began to Reign 1611. Matthias King of Hungary and Bohemia elected Emperor 1612. Frederick Count Palatine of the Rhine Marries the Lady Elizabeth Daughter to King Iames of England 1612. Frederick II. chosen Emperor 1619. The Elector Palatine being chosen King of Bohemia is oppos'd by the Emperor and defeated in the Battle of Prague 1620. Philip IV. King of Spain 1621. The Elector Palatine outed of all his Dignity given to the Duke of Bavaria 1624. Great Wars in Germany ensued King Charles I. King of England succeeds his Father 1625. Henry Frederick Prince of Orange succeeds Maurice 1625. Cardinal Richelieu chief Minister in France He labours to ruine the Protestant Party and finally takes the City Rochel their chief Strength after a long Siege and vigorous Defence 1628. The renown'd Gustavus Adolphus after many victorious Acts in Germany Italy c. is slain at the Battle of Lutzen in Germany November 6 1632. Christina his Daughter succeeds him 1632. Count Tilly the Emperor's General famous for his Conquests in Bohemia Denmark and Germany died 1632. Portugal throws off the Spanish Yoke and receives Iohn Braganza of the ancient Royal Family for their King 1640. Ferdinand III. chosen Emperor 1637. The Rebellion and Massacre in Ireland 1641. King Charles by reason of the Factious disorders in London retires into the North is denied entrance into Hull 1642. Sets up his Standard at Nottingham Aug. 2. 1642. Lewis XIV the present King of France began to Reign being then but Five years old 1643. William II. Prince of Orange Father of his present Majesty of Great Britain succeeded his Father in all his Honours 1647. Peace among the Germans c. concluded at Munster in Westphalia 1648. The Civil War rages in England King Charles I. Martyr'd 164â— The famous Rebellion at Naples on occasion of the grievous Excises headed by Thomas Aniello commonly call'd Massanello 1647. Oliver Cromwel usurps the Government of England under the Name of Protector 1651. The Prince of Orange dyes October 8. 1650.
leaving his Princess the Daughter of King Charles II. with Child of our present King who was Born Nov. 14. 1650. The Island Iamaica in America taken by the English 1655. Christina Queen of Sweden resigns her Crown and goes to Rome 1654. Carolus Gustavus Duke of Deux-ponts her Cousin succeds her 1654. Alphonsus King of Portugal succeeds his Father 1656. Being Lunatick is confin'd and his Brother made Regent Leopoldus-Ignatius-Iosephus the present Emperor of Germany began to Reign Iuly 22. 1658. Oliver Cromwel dy'd Sept. 3. 1658. A War between France and Spain having lasted 25 Years is at length ended by a Peace concluded in the Isle of Pheasants near the Pyrenean Mountains 1659. After half a dozen Changes of Government in England in one Years time the Rump being by General Monk's Management dissolv'd and a Free Parliament chosen it was resolv'd by the Parliament April 20. That Charles II. was lawful and undoubted King and Messengers immediately sent to Breda to invite him Home 1660. EPOCHA XIV King Charles II. Restor'd the ancient Government and Laws of England Re-establish'd and Europe in a Profound Peace 1660. ANd here we must make a Stand for who can pass so pleasant a Sight as this happy Year gives us of the peaceful State of all Europe without taking a View of the agreeable Prospect In England our celebrated Augustus shuts up the Temple of Ianus and by his happy Influence gives the Muses Liberty and the Merchant Protection Learning and Wit flourish Trade enriches the Nation and a general Joy drives away the Sorrows which the late Tyrannical Usurpation had cast over all the good and honest part of the People The hungry Beggars that had usurp'd the Senate-house were now expell'd and forc'd to refund the sweet Morsels which they had robb'd the King the Clergy and their Fellow-Subjects of under the specious Name of Sequestration In short the King the Laws the ancient Liberty Government and Peace was restor'd and England was made happy In Germany the War which the Emperor King of Poland and Elector of Brandenburg had maintain'd against the King of Sweden was ended that between Sweden and Denmark as also between France and Sweden terminated and finally France and Spain reconcil'd by the Pyrenean Peace and afterwards by the Marriage of the the Infanta to the King So that we may truly call this Annus Pacificus of Europe and compare this with the Augustan Age. May 29 1660. King Charles II. makes his Triumphant Entrance into London it being the Day of his Birth in the Twelfth Year of his Reign and on the 23d of April following was Crowned Leopold Ignatius being at that time Emperor of Germany Philip IV. King of Spain Lewis XIV King of France Alphonso King of Portugal Charles X. King of Sweden Christiern V. King of Denmark Alexius Michaeliwitz Czar of Moscovy Iohn Casimer King of Poland Alexander VII Pope of Rome Franciscus Molino Doge of Venice Ferdinand II. Duke of Florence Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy and finally Mahomet IV. Sultan of the Turks 1661. In France Cardinal Mazarine being dead Mar. 9 1661. that King takes the Government wholly into his own Hands The Dauphin Born Nov. 1. 1661. King Charles of England marries Donna Catherina Infanta of Portugal May 22. 1662. Venner and the Fifth Monarchists make a Riot and bloody Rebellion for a few Days in London 166â— The first Dutch War 1665. A raging Pestilence at London 1665. War proclaim'd against France who side with the Dutch 1665 6. A violent Fire which burnt down the greatest part of London 1666. The Dutch at Chatham 1667. A Peace concluded at Breda by England with France and Holland 1667. War betwixt France and Spain 1667. The Theatre at Oxford built by A. Bp. Sheldon 1668. Treaty of Peace between Spain and France at Aix la Chapelle 1668. The City and Island of Candia taken by the Turks 1669. Clement IX Pope 1670. The Duke of Lorrain dispossest of his Dominions by the French 1670. The second Dutch War 1672. The French King invades Holland over-runs the Country and commits very barbarous Ravage 1672. Spain declares against France 1673. A Faction in Holland headed by de Witt taking Advantage of the Prince of Orange's Minority had some Years before this resolv'd no more to admit of a Stadtholder but at this time the miserable State of their Country through the French Tyranny which was carried on because the Dutch wanted some skilful Captain made the People mutiny and oblige the States to restore the Prince to the Dignity and Honours of his Ancestors 1674. Peace between England and Holland 1674. Victor Amadaeus present Duke of Savoy succeeds his Father 1675. Pope Clement X. dies and is succeeded by Benedict Odeschalci who took the Name of Innocent XI 1676. The Prince of Orange comes over to England and marries the Lady Mary our late gracious Queen 1677. Peace concluded at Nimeguen between France and Holland 1678. Also between Spain and France 1678. Also between the Emperor and France The Popish Plot in England discover'd 1678. The Dauphin marries the Princess of Bavaria 1679. The Duke of Burgundy eldest Son to the Dauphin born 1681. Algiers Bombarded by the French 1682. The Czar of Moscovy dying causes Disputes which of the Sons should succeed at length 't was agreed they both should Reign together 1682. War between the Emperor and the Turks Tangier quitted and destroy'd by the English 1683. Vienna Besieg'd by the Turks 60 Days at length Reliev'd and the Siege rais'd with great Slaughter of the Turks by the King of Poland Sept. 12. 1683. Genoa Bombarded by the French 1684. Luxemburg taken by the French 1684. King Charles II. died Feb. 6. 1684 5. and is immediately succeeded by his Brother Iames Duke of York Earl of Argyle Invades Scotland 1685. Duke of Monmouth Invades England 1685. Both defeated and Executed by K. Iames 1685. The Grand Seignior Mahomet IV. being depos'd Solyman III. succeeds him 1687. The French King breaks the Peace with Germany and his Son takes Philipsburg Octob. 1688. The People of England oppress'd by King Iames's Government the Prince of Orange in prosecution of an Invitation to that purpose comes over to England with an Army for their Relief Nov. 5. 1688. King Iames quits the Government and retires privately from Whitehall Dec. 12. 1688. being put ashore at Feversham returns to London Decemb. 1688. The Prince of Orange comes to London and King Iames retires to Rochester 1687. whence he privately departs for France 1688. A Convention or Parliament being assembled they declare William Prince of Orange together with his Princess Mary King and Queen of England Feb. 13. 1688 8. France declares War against Holland Nov. 1688. K. William and Q. Mary Crowned Apr. 21. 1689. England declares War against France May 7th 1689. The Convention of Scotland Resolve to offer the Crown to King William and Queen Mary Apr. 16. 1689. which the Deputies present to him May 16. 1689. King Iames passes from
409 Adam 46 228 Adrian 67 Aeneas settles in Italy 53 369 Aeneas Sylvius's Hist. 170 Aeschines 60 329 Aeschylus 60 Africanus Iulius his Chronicle 151 Agamemnon K. of Mycene 347 Agathias's Hist. 196 Agrim Battel there 95 Ahazias K. of Iudah 241 Aix la Chapelle Peace there 92 Alaric K. of the Goths 71 Albert of Austria Emp. Ger. 80 Albigenses persecuted 81 Alcibiades 60 326 327 Alexander the Great 60 His History 267 to 280 355 Alexandria in Egypt built 309 Alexius Comnenus 78 79 Alfred K. of England 75 Almarez K. of Ierusalem 79 Alphonsus the Chast K. of Spain 74 Alphonsus K. of Portugal 90 America discovered 86 Amos. 67 241 Amos's Prophecy p. 137 Amurath Sultan of the Turks 81 Anacreon 325 Andronicus Paleolog II. Emp. C.P. 81 Annibal the Carthaginian Admiral 390 Anthony Marc. 64 312 313 406 408 409. Anthony of Florence's Hist. 169 Antiochus Epiphanes 62 Antiochus Soter 61 Antoninus Marc. Aurel. 67 Antoninus Pius 67 Appius's History 190 Aratus 330 Archimedes ibid. Archontes Governor of Athens 321 c. Argonaut's Voyage 52 Argos the Kings of it 316 Aristobulus 63 Aristobulus K. of the Iews 252 Aristophanes 60 328 Aristotle 328 Arnold of Lubeck's Hist. 166 Arphaxad 228 230 Arrian's Hist. 189 Arthur K. of Britain 72 Asa K. of Iudah 40 Ascanius Son of Aeneas 369 Asia Minor the Kings of it after Alexander 288 c. Assur Son of Sem. 230 Assyrian Kings their Names and time of Reign from Nimrod to Sardanapalus 256 Athaliah 56 241 Athens its History p. 317 c. Burnt by Mardonius 324 Plague there 325 Atolf K. of the Goths in Spain 71 Attila K. of Hunns ib. St. Augustine his History Works 155 Augustulus Emp. 71 Augustus Caesar. 64 406 Emperor of Rome 410 Aurelianus V. 68 Austin the Monk Archbishop of Canterbury 72 Austrian Family its Founder 80 Axan Sultan of the Turks 78 B. Babylonian Kings 261 c. Babylonish Captivity of the Iews 243 Bajaret Sultan of the Turks 82 Baldwin K of Ierusalem 78 Baronius's Annals 173 Baruch 243 His Prophecy 131 Bede's History 159 Belgrade taken by Turks 86 Belshazzar K. of Babylon 261 Belus K. of Assyria 255 Berah K. of Sodom 49 Bergamos Iames of his Hist. 171 Berosus his History 329 Boadicea Q. of Britain 66 Boethius Hector his Hist. 173 Boetia its Situation 348 Bonfinius's History 171 Boyne Battel there 95 Breda Peace there 92 Britain Ioseph of Arimathea preached there 66 Lucius first Christian King there 67 Christianity established there 72 The Saxons called in 71 Saxon Heptarchy erected 71 72 The Danes infest the Land 76 77 Brutus and Cassius 63 405 Their Death 407 Brutus L. Iunius Founder of the Consular State of Rome p. 378 379 C. Cadmus p. 301 Brought Letters to Greece 52 His Story 349 c. Caesar C. Iulius 63 399 His Victories 400 c. In Britain 400 401 Perpetual Dictator and Emperor of Rome 404 His Writings 197 His Death 405 Cainam 46 228 231 His Sons Founders of Nations 233 Calendar corrected by Caesar. 403 Corrected by P. Gregory 88 Callymachus 329 Cambyses 59 262 Conquered Egypt 304 Candia taken by Turks 92 Cannae the Battel there between Hannibal and the Romans 392 Canticles the Book of 135 Canute the Dane King of England 77 Carloman K. of France 76 Carolus Gustavus K. of Sweden 90 Carthage built 56 Conquered by Romans and destroyed 63 394 Carthaginian War First 61 389 Second 61 391 Third 61 394 Cassiodorus's History 162 Catiline's Conspiracy 399 Catullus 64 Centuriae Magdeburgens 173 Chalecondylas's History 170 Charlemain K. of France 73 Declared Emperor 74 Charles Martel governs France 73 Charles the Bald Emp. 75 Charles V. King of Spain and Emperor 86 Resigns his Crown 88 Charles I. K. of England 89 Charles II. K. of England restored 91 His Death 93 China the History of its Monarchs p. 291 to 297 The Wall between it and Tartary built 297 Choniates Nicelas his Hist. 166 Chronicles the Book of 133 Cicero M. Tull. 399 400 His Death 407 Cimon General of the Greeks against the Persians 324 Cinossema Battel there 326 Claudius Emp. 68 Clelia a Roman Virgin her remarkable Courage 380 Cleopatra Q. of Egypt 312 407 Her Death 409 Clovis K. of France 71 Cecrops Founder of the Athenians 300 319 Codrus K. of Athens 320 Coecles Horat. his Courage 380 Collatinus Lucretia's Husband Consul of Rome 378 Colossians Epistle to 142 Columbus discovers America 86 Confucius the Chinese Philosopher 296 Constantine the Great Emp. 69 Constantine XIII Palaeologus last Emp. C. P. 83 Constantinople General Council there 70 Taken by Turks 83 Consular State of Rome its Beginning 378 Corimodus Emp. 67 Corinth its History and Kings 343 344 c. Corinthians Epistle to 141 Coriolanus C. Mar. his Story 382 Crassus 399 401 Crates the Philosopher 61 Cresus K. of Lydia 58 362 Cromwell Oliver usurps the Government of England 90 Curopolates his History 162 Cyrus the first Persian Monarch 262 D. Donatus K. of Argos p. 301 316 Daniel 58 His Prophecy 136 Cast into the Lionls Den. 250 Dardanus K. of Troy 52 Darius Codomannus K. of Persia overcome by Alexander 267 Darius Hystaspes K. of Persia. 59 262 Darius Nothus 265 K. David 54 239 Decemviri a sort of Government at Rome created 384 Their ill Government and expulsion ibid. The Demetrii their Successors 284 c. Demetrius Soter K. of Syria 283 Demecritus the Philosopher 60 Demosthenes 60 328 Deucalion 319 Deuteronomy its Contents 131 Dictator at Rome first created 381 Dioclesian Emperor of Rome 68 Diodorus Siculus's History 185 Diogenes Laertius's Writings 190 Diogenes 328 Dion Cassius's History 191 Dionysius Halicarnasseus's History 187 Domitian Emp. of Rome 67 Draco's Laws 323 Drake sailed round the Earth 88 E. East-Indies first Voyage thither p. 85 Eber. 228 Ecclesiastes the Book of 134 Ecclesiasticus 135 Edgar 76 Edmond ib. Edmond Ironside 77 Edred 76 Edward the Confessor 77 Edward the Elder King of England 76 Edward the Martyr 77 Edward I. 80 Edward II. 81 Edward III. ib. Edward IV. 85 Edward VI. 87 Edwin 76 Egbert K. of England 75 Eginard's Hist. 16â— Egypt Children of Israel in Bondage there 22â— Egypt plagued by Moses p. 330 The Kings of it 297 to 313 Conquered by Nebuchadnezzar 303 Subject to the Persian Monarchy 305 to 308 Subject to Greeks 308 c. Eli Judge over Israel 238 Elias the Prophet 241 Elijah 55 Raises the Shunamite's Son 246 Elizabeth Q. of England 87 Elon judges Israel 238 England infested by Danes 75 Enoch 46 228 Enos ib. ib. Epaminondas 328 Ephesians Epistle to 141 Ephori of Lacedemon instituted 335 Esdras the Book of 134 Esther the Book of ibid. Ethelbert K. of England 75 Ethelred ib. Ethelstan 76 Ethelwald 75 Ethelwolph ib. Evagrius's Hist. 159 Euclid 329 Eudo K. of France 76 Evilmerodach K. of Babylon 261 Euripides 60 328 Eusebius's History and Chronicle 153 Exodus the Book of 231 Ezekiel 58 His Prophecy 136 Ezra 60 His Prophecy 250 F. Fabius
CHRONOLOGY Chap. I. Definitions Page 1. Chap. II. The Grounds of Chronology 9. The Testimony of Authors 9. Reasons of the uncertainty of Chronology 13. Certain means of Computing Times as 9. 1. By the Testimony of Authors 18. 2. By Eclipses and Aspects of the Planets 18. 3. Vndisputed Epochas 21. Chap. III. Of the Uncertainty Chronologers are at concerning the Year wherein our Saviour was Born 23. A Catalogue of Authors disagreeing in this point 25. Chap. IV. The Usefulness of Chronological Tables to Beginners Different Divisions of Times in order to help the Memory 34. § 1. First Division of the Times into two Parts 37. § 2. Second Division into three Parts according to Varro 38. § 3. Third Division into four Parts according to the Poets 40. § 4. Fourth Division according to the several Ages of the World 42. § 5. Fifth Division of Times into thirteen Parts 43. Chap. V. A New Division of Times or the 14 Royal Epocha's of Universal Chronology 44. Epocha 1. Adam or the Creation of the World 45. Epocha 2. Noah or the Vniversal Deluge 47. Epocha 3. The Vocation of Abraham 49. Epocha 4. Moses or the Written Law 51. Epocha 5. The Taking of Troy 53. Epocha 6. Solomon or the Temple finished 54. Epocha 7. Romulus or Rome Founded 56. Epocha 8. Cyrus or the Iews restor'd 58. Epocha 9. Scipio or the Carthaginians Conquer'd 62. Epocha 10. The Birth of IESUS CHRIST 65. Epocha 11. Constantine or the Peace of the Church 69. Epocha 12. Charlemaign or the Establishment of the new Empire 74. Epocha 13. Constantinople taken by the Turks and the Christian Empire of the East terminated 83. Epocha 14. King Charles II. Restor'd the ancient Government and Laws of England re-establish'd and Europe in a profound Peace 91. PART II. Introduction to History and a Character of Historians Chap. I. Of the several Benefits of History 97. Chap. II. Rules to be observ'd in Writing History 107. Chap. III. The manner of Studying History Of the Four ancient Monarchies and of the different kinds of Political Government 112. Chap. IV. Divisions of History 121. Art 1. The Authority of the History of the People of God contain'd in the Books of the Old and New Testament 126. The Order of the Books of the Old and New Testament 131. Art 2. Of Civil History 〈…〉 145. Chap. V. The most Celebrated Authors that have written of Church History 150 An Account of the Qualities Lives and Writings of each particular Author 151 c. Chap. VI. Of the most considerable Greek and Latin Authors of Civil Histoâ—y 175. § 1. Greek writers of History Their Qualities Lives and Writings and the Iudgments of Criticks upon them 177 c. § 2. Latin Writers of ancient History an Account of each Author and his Works with the Opinions of Criticks upon them 197 c. PART III. An Account of the Ancient Monarchies which preceeded the Birth of JESUS CHRIST Chap. I. An Account of the Church of God under the Old Testament 225 Sect. 1. The State of the People of God under the 22 Patriarchs 228. A Remark concerning the Origine of Nations 230. A Remark concerning the Heads of Families of the People of God 235. Sect. 2. The State of the People of God under the 22 Iudges or Leaders 236. Sect. 3. The State of the People of God under 22 Kings 239. The Succession of the Kings of Israel 244. Sect. 4. The State of the People of God in the Time of the 22 Ancestors of Iesus Christ 249. Chap. II. An Account of the Assyrian Monarchy 254. The State of the Assyrian Monarchy from Nimrod it's first Founder down to Sardanapalus which is about 1360 years 2â—â— The State of that part of the Assyrian Monarchy which was under the Babylonians from Belochus the first King to the Death of Belshazzar the last King which lasted 271 Years 260 The State of that part of the Assyrian Monarchy which was Govern'd by the Medes from Arbaces their first King to Cyaxares or Darius the Mede 261 Chap. III. Of the Persian Monarchy 262. The Succession from Cyrus to Alexander's Conquest 262 c. Chap. IV. Of the Grecian Monarchy 267. The History of Alexander's Conquests 267. to 279 The Kingdom of the Syrians under the Successors of one of Alexander's Captains 280 The Kingdom of Pergamos or Asia Minor erected by Antigonus one of Alexander's Captains 288 Chap. V. Of the Empire of China 291 Chap. VI. Of the Kings of Egypt 297 Sect. 1. The State of Egypt under 47 Kings surnam'd Pharaohs which lasted 1220. Years till it was conquer'd by Cambyses 299 Sect. 2. The State of Egypt under 11 Kings of Persia which lasted 193 Years viz. to the time it was subjected to Alexander 305 Sect. 3. The State of Egypt under the Greeks viz. Alexander the Great and the 12 Ptolomy's which lasted 301 Years that is till Augustus made Egypt a Roman Province 308 Chap. VII Of Sicyonia The Succession of its Kings c. 314 Chap. VII Argos The Succession of its Kings from Inachus to Perseus 316 Chap. IX Athens 317 Sect. 1. The State of Athens under 17 Kings for 488. Years 319 Sect. 2. The State of Athens under 13 perpetual Archontes which lasted 316 Years 321 Sect. 3. The State of Athens under 8 Decennial Archontes 322 Sect. 4. The State of Athens under annual Archontes which lasted 751 Years 322 Chap. X. Of the Kings of Troy 330 Chap. XI Of the Spartans or Lacedemonians 332 Sect. 1. The State of Lacedemonia under 14 Kings for 397 Years that is from Lelix to the Heraclides 333 Sect. 2. The State of Lacedemon under the Kings called Heraclides 334 Sect. 3. The State of Sparta under the Kings whose Power were restrain'd by the Gerontes 335 Sect. 4. The State of Sparta under the Kings with the five Ephori 336 Chap. XII Of Corinth The Succession of its Kings c. 343 Chap. XIII Of the Kings of Mycene 346 Chap. XIV The Kings of Thebes 348 Chap. XV. Of the Macedonians 352 Sect. 1. The State of Macedon under 20 Kings from Caranus to Philip the Father of Alexander 352 Sect. 2. The State of Macedon under Alexander 355 Sect. 3. The State of Macedon under 17 Kings after Alexander 355 Chap. XVI Of the Kings of Lydia to Croesus 361 Chap. XVII The Kings of Tyre till it was conquer'd by Alexander 363 Chap. XVIII Of the Italians Latins Romans and of the Fourth or Roman Monarchy 367. Sect. 1. The State of Italy under the Janigenae or Siculi which lasted 557 years 368 Sect. 2. The State of Italy under 15 Kings called Aborigines which lasted 577. from Janus to Romulus 369 Sect. 3. The Regal State of Rome which lasted 245 years 371 Sect. 4. The Consular State of Rome from Brutus the first Consul to the perpetual Dictatorship of Julius Caesar which took up the time of 464 Years divided into fifteen Periods 378 Period 1. From the Banishment of Tarquin to the first Dictator 379
Great Mogol descended from him Wenceslaus the Emperor depos'd 1399. Rupert of Bavaria succeeds 1400. By reason of the many Civil Wars Italy throws of the German Yoke and several Governors of Cities make themselves absolute as the Scaligers in Verona thâ— House of Est at Ferrara the Gonzagues at Mantua c. Sigismond K. of Hungary chosen Emperor 1410 He erected Savoy into a Dutchy in favour 〈◊〉 Armedeus 141â— Henry V. King of England 141â— He is victorious in France wins the famous Battle at Agincourt 1415. The Government of that Kingdom is resign'd to him by the King Charles VI. 142â— Iohn VII Paleologus Emperor at Constantinople 1417. Henry VI. a Child King of England 142â— Loses what his Father had gain'd in France Richard Duke of York claims the Crown 144â— The Rebellion of Iack Cade suppress'd 1450. The King is worsted by the Yorkists and finally depos'd 1â—60 Albert of Austria chosen Emperor 143â— Frederick of Austria his Brother succeeds 144â— The Art of Printing invented 144â— Iohn Huniades Emperor of Constantinople 144â— Is victorious against the Turks Scanderbeg Prince of Epirus famous for his Victorâ—â—â— over the Turks 144â— Constantine XIII Paleologus the last Christian Emperor of Constantinople famous for his Valour 1443. Mahomet II. call'd the Great Sultan of Turks 1451. Takes Constantinople Constantine being slain puts an end to that Empire 1453. EPOCHA XIII Constantinople taken by the Turks and the Christian Empire of the East terminated 1453. This Epocha is continued as far as the Year 1660. wherein King Charles being Restor'd the ancient Lawful Government of England was re-establish'd IT must be confess'd that this Epocha begins not so happily as those that have gone before it for whereas almost every one of them commenc'd from some great Action whereby the Almighty bestow'd some benefit upon his People this alas begins with a deplorable state of the Christian World and shews us the expulsion of the true Religion out of Greece and its Neighbouring Provinces by the entrance of the Mahometan Cruelty into Europe after it had ravag'd almost all Asia and Africa But it must be acknowledg'd that the Divine Providence was just in this Punishment of those unworthy Christians who by intruding Heresies first caused Schisms and continual Feuds in the Church and afterwards by Superstition profain'd their most Holy Religion and yet by bitter Persecution destroy'd the Holy Professors of true Christianity that in those Ages oppos'd themselves to the innovated Idolatry and Superstition We might justly enough call the last Epocha Dark and Illitarate as we must Name this that follows the Enlightned and Learned Age of Christianity for the Northern Barbarians that over-run Europe in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries had so effectually swept away all sâ—â—ts of Learning that tho' themselves afterwards beâ—ame Christians and somewhat Polite yet it requir'd Ages of Time to revive that Learning which they had destroy'd and in effect what thro' the Wars that happen'd and thro' the absolute Power the Clergy exercis'd which gave them an opportunity of living Lazily in Convents all the Sciences and even Arts too were in a very low Estate till in this Century the discovery of the Art of Printing put Books into the Hands of the Laity the which being follow'd in the next Age with the appearance of those great Literati Picus Mirandula Desider Erasmus Mars Ficinus c. Learning began to Revive and by the continued zealous prosecution of the Work that those great Men begun we may now venture to say We have almost arriv'd to the Perfection of those Ages wherein the Greeks and Romans made themselves immortal by their great Erudition and Ingenuity That wonderfully useful Instrument the Marinerâ— Compass had been found out in the beginning of the Fourteenth Century by the help whereof the Portugueze had ventur'd to Navigate on the Coasts of Africa and by degrees advancing we find them at length towards the end of this Age got as far as India from whence they brought by Sea vast quantities of the rich Commodities of those Parts which before that time came but sparingly hither because brought over an immense Tract of Land to Alexandria before we could receive 'em This was follow'd by a discovery of a new World which Christopher Colombus with great Hazard as well as Skill and Pains found out and thereby gave the Spanish Monarch an opportunity of encreasing his Dominions to an almost infinite extent and of enriching Europe to an inexpressible degree out of the inexhaustible Mines of Mexico and Peru. The following Epocha shews us moreover the Church reform'd and the Christian Religion restor'd to its ancient Purity a Blessing of inestimable value and which we ought all to praise God for and continually pray that he lets not again Superstition to prevail or which is worse Atheism and Irreligion to Profane our Piety Years of Jes. Chr. The Turks having taken Constantinople proceed in their Conquests and gain the Peloponnesus now call'd Morea 1459. Edward IV. Son to Richard Duke of York who had been slain in his Wars against Henry VI. gains the Crown of England 1460. Marries the Lady Gray which disgusts his great Friend the Earl of Warwick 1465. Warwick raises Wars against him and in the end forces him to fly the Kingdom 1470. Henry plac'd on the Throne again after 9 Years Imprisonment but Edward soon expells him 1471. He dies leaving his Crown to his young Son Edward V. 1483. Maximilian of Austria Son to the Emperor Frederick Marries Mary Heiress of Burgundy 1477. They had Issue Philip who Married Ioan the Daughter of Ferdinand King of Spain by which all the Netherlands became afterwards united to that Kingdom Maximilian chosen Emperor 1493. Richard Duke of Glocester usurps the Throne and Murders his Nephews 1483. Richard III. a Tyrant slain at Bosworth by Henry VII who was of the Lancastrian Family and Marry'd the Daughter of Edward IV. declar'd King 1485. Is oppos'd by two Impostors Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck 1486 1499. In the Year 1454. the Portugueze discover'd the Cape of Good Hope and prosecuting their Voyaging they at length got as far as the East-Indies which was discover'd by Vasq. de Gama who was sent by the King of Portugal to that purpose and arriv'd before Calicurt May the 20th 1498. Ferdinand King of Arragon and Isabella Queen of Castille by Marriage unite those Kingdoms and erect the Monarchy of Spain 1474. Ferdinand expels the Moors out of Spain and erects the Inquisition against them which gains him the Title of Catholick 1496. Christopher Columbus a Native of Genoa having partly by his own Study in Geography and partly by Information of some Seamen who had been driven on some far Western Coast conceiv'd an Opinion That there was a large Country Westward of us yet unknown apply'd himself zealously for the Discovery of it to which purpose he first desir'd Assistance of the State of Genoa afterwards of our King Henry VII and of Emanuel King
France to Ireland with French Officers and Forces Besieges London-derry which had declar'd for King William Apr. 1689. Ireland standing out for King Iames an Army is sent over under the Command of Duke Schomberg The Castle of Edinburgh which had stood out for King Iames surrender'd Iun. 13. 1689. William Duke of Glocester Son to their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Denmark was born Iuly 24. 1689. London-derry reliev'd and the Siege raised Iuly 22. 1689. King William goes over into Ireland with many Noblemen and large Supplies of Men and Ammunition Iune 16. 1690. The Battle of the Boyne wherein King William obtains a very signal and entire Victory over K. Iames and his Army Iuly 11. 1690. Drogheda taken Iuly 1690. King William marches into Dublin Iuly 16. 1690. King Iames flies back to France 1690. The first Siege of Limerick Aug. 1690. The King returns to England after having reduc'd the greatest part of Ireland Sept. 10. 1690. The King passes over to Holland wherein endeavouring to land in his Barge is sorrounded with Ice and detain'd 22 Hours Ian. 20. 1690 1. The Electors of Bavaria and Brandenburg the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel and many Foreign Ministers assemble in Congress at the Hague and conclude a firm Confederacy against France Feb. 1690 1. Mons taken by the French Apr. 8. 1691. The King returns to England Apr 10. 1691. The King goes to the Army in Flanders May 1691. Athlone in Ireland taken by the English Iuly 21. 1691. The Battle of Agrim wherein St. Ruth the French General for King Iames is killed and his Army totally routed Iuly 13. 1691. Innocent XII the present Pope Elected Iuly 12. 1691. Limerick surrendred and Ireland totally reduc'd Octob. 3. 1691. The English Fleet obtains a great Victory over the French and burn above 20 of their largest and best Ships at la Hogue May 1692. An Earthquake at Iamaica which almost totally destroy'd Port Royal Iune 7. 1692. Namur taken by the French Iuly 3. 1692. The Battle at Steenkirk Iuly 24. 1692. A small Shock of an Earthquake felt in England Holland Flanders and France Sept. 8. 1692. The French take and barbarously destroy Heidelberg Spire Manheim Frankendal and other Places in the Palatinate 1693. The Battle at Neer-Helpen near Landen Iuly 28. 1693. Charleroy taken by the French Oct. 11. 1693. Frederick Augustus Elector of Saxony succeeds his Brother Iohn George May 7. 1694. The English Fleet by Bombs thrown in burn Haâ—re de Grace and Diep two considerable Maritime Townâ— in France Iuly 1694. The Queen taken ill of the Small Pox Dec. 27. 1694. and on the 29th Her Majesty of ever blessed Memory departed this Life Casal taken from the French by the Duke of Savoy Iuly 9. 1695. Namur Invested by the K. and his Army Iuly 9. 1695. and on Sept. 5. the Castle was surrender'd by the French to the Confederates Granville Calais and other Sea-Towns of France Bombarded by the English Fleet this Summer A Plot against His Majesty's Life discovered Feb. 21. 169â— Iohn King of Poland departed this Life Iun. 17. 1696. Aeth taken by the French 1697. Barcelona taken by the French 1697. Treaty of Peace at the Palace at Reswick in Holland where on the 10th of September O. S. a Peace is concluded and the Articles signed by the Plenipotentiaries of England France and Holland 1697. A Short SYSTEM OF Universal History PART II. Introduction to History and a Character of Historians Written in French by M. P. L. L. de Vallemont And Englished by Mr. Boyer and Mr. Savage CHAP. I. Of the several Benefits of History IT is altogether unnecessary to say any thing in Commendation of History since it is sufficiently known how great Advantages that Study has always brought to such as have been destin'd to great Employments But at the same time I think my self obliged to set forth some of the Benefits thereof and to lay down a few Rules to be observed by those that would make a right use of it I. History informs us of Things past which otherwise we should know no more of than we do of those to come 'T is true Prophecy dives into Matters before they are parted from their Causes and which perhaps are not effected till after a long space of Years yet however strong Men's Inclinations may run that way it must still be own'd that we are not able to give any tolerable Account of Futurity and that it is God alone who has formed the Chain of Causes that can know what Effects they will produce Moreover what Prophecy commonly teaches us is so very obscure that it seems not to care to be understood till the Things it treats of are come to pass When on the contrary History may be easily comprehended by us as containing Matters handled down from our Fore-fathers to Posterity and which we are commanded by the Law of God to make Search into Enquire of your Father and he 'll inform you Consult your Ancestors and they 'll instruct you Deut. 32.7 Also we could never have the least Insight into Times past were it not for Historians who have all along recorded the most memorable Actions happening in their Time and preserv'd the most precious Thoughts of our Ancestors which would otherwise have been devour'd by Time that never makes any difference betwixt what is past and what to come Wherefore Cicero very indiciously terms History The Record of Time The Evidence of Truth The Life of Memory The Mistress of Life and The Courier of Antiquity In a Word History gives a Being and Existence to what without it would be stifled in the Birth nay it communicates a kind of Immortality to all famous Men whose Actions made 'em to be so much valued while they liv'd II. History is the most excellent and most entertaining Diversion that a Man can possibly have since it may be said particularly thereof what was spoken in general by a very learned Man of all sorts of Books viz. That they were easy and disinteressed Masters which might be consulted at all Times and on all Occasions without Fear either of Raillery Anger or Satyr Hi sunt Magistri qui nos Instruunt sine Virgis Ferula sine Verbis Cholera sine Pannis Pecunia Si Accedas non Dormiunt Si Inquirens Interrâ—gas non se abscondunt Non remurmurant si Oberres Cacbynnos nesciunt si Ignores Rich. Bury Anglor Regi Cancell in suo Philobiblio III. Those that are defign'd for great Employs have more need of History than any others for they thereby lay a Foundation in their Youth which proves afterwards very serviceable to them however they are preferr'd either in Church or State and which otherwise could not be effected but by a great number of Years It was this Consideration that mov'd the Emperor Basilius to recommend so earnestly the reading of History to his Son and Successor Leo the Philosopher when he says Neglect nothing Son to make the History
the time of Saul when that State became Monarchical There was formerly a sort of imaginary Theocracy at Athens during the time that Medon and Nileus Sons of Codrus disputed that Government between them for the Athenians having suffered much by that War would by no means afterwards admit a King among them and therefore declared Iupiter sole King of the People of Athens It was about the same time that the Iews requested a King of God II. Monarchy is when a State is govern'd by the Supream Power of one King such as France England Spain c. III Despotick Government is where a Prince is accountable to none for what he does Such as this is the Government of the Grand Signior c. IV. Aristocracy is a Political Government manag'd by a set number of Nobles Venice Genoa c. have this kind of Government V. Democracy is a Government where the People have all the Authority Old Rome and Athens flourish'd under this kind of Republick VI. Oligarchy is the Government of a Few of which kind at pâ—â—â—ent are Venice and Genoa VII Ochlocracy is where the Mob dispose of all at pleasure CHAP. IV. Divisions of History THERE are great Disputes among the Schools how to divide History but we do not think fit to be engag'd in either of their Quarrels looking upon them as frivolous and of no consequence and therefore content our selves with affirming 1. That Iustus Lipsius Epist. 61. Cent. Miscel. who divides History into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is true and fabulous or Poetical History is not to be followed inasmuch as Poetical Fictions and Relations have nothing in the least to do in what we call History Aristotle de re Poetica says That History differs from Poetry in that the former relates Things as they truly are or have been and on the contrary the latter only represents what they might or ought to be 2. That Bodin is not to be imitated in placing natural History which properly appertains to Physick among the Species of History 3. That Keckerman who examin'd so nicely into these foregoing great Men instead of reforming them falls of a sudden into Grammatical Trifles and Logical Punctilio's which will be regarded no more by Men of sound Sense than his tedious Divisions and Sub-divisions of History in which it is impossible to follow him without quickly losing Sight of him We have endeavoured to take a more direct Course which is by dividing History into 1. Ecclesiastical And 2. Civil Ecclesiastical History informs us of what has hapned in the State of Religion And Civil History gives an Account of Occurrences in the Civil State This Division is founded upon the admirable Theology of St. Austin in his Method of dividing the Holy Books and all the History of the Church He says That there have always been two Cities in the World which are the City of God and the City of the World and which are remark'd in these two Brothers Abel and Cain whereof Abel is the Image of the Citizens of God and Cain of those of the World the former the Younger the latter the Elder because Man did not become a Citizen of Heaven but through Grace when he was born a Citizen of the World St. Austin in Psal. 61. de Civitate Dei lib. 15. cap. 1. Thus all History consists only in representing to us the different Events and Passages which have ever hapned in these two opposite Cities The History which treats of the City of God has been ever carefully preserved in the World and is divided into the Church of the Iews and the Church of the Christians of the New Testament The Christian Church may be sub-divided into several Particulars as the Churches of every Patriarchate Kingdom Province Diocess c. The History which treats of the City of the World is the Civil which may be divided into the Histories of the Monarchies and Republicks that have been before our Saviour Christ and the History of the Monarchies and Republicks that have come after him Every Monarchy and every Republick compose many particular Histories Divisions of History Universal History comprehends what has hapned In the City of God Universal History comprehends what has hapned In the City of the World 1. The City of God under The Old Testament 1. The City of God under The New Testament The New Testament The Latin Church c. The New Testament The Greek Church c. 2. The City of the World comprehends Monarchies and Republicks before Ies. Christ. 2. The City of the World comprehends Monarchies and Republicks after Iesus Christ. To be convinced of the Necessity of thus dividing History in relation both to the Church and to Monarchies we are to remember that Maxim which says That we must never wander out of the Road in this Study As also that the principal Design of God Almighty in the Creation of the World was the Foundation Conservation and Sanctification of his Church likewise that the World subsists by no other Means but by those of the Church and moreover that whatever is excellent and admirable either in the Establishment or Revolution of Empires is chiefly occasion'd by the Church If this be so it is necessary of course to have Ecclesiastical Matters keep pace with those of Monarchies and not to separate the History of the City of God from that of the City of the World This the Bishop of Meaux speaks admirably well of in his Treatise of Universal History These Monarchies says he have for the most part a necessary connection with the History of the People of God for God made use of the Assyrians and Babylonians to chastize his People of the Persians to re-establish them of Alexander and his first Successors to Protect them of the famous Antiochus and his Successors to keep them Employ'd and of the Romans to Defend them against the Kings of Syria who were then ready to destroy them Vnder the Romans the Jews continu'd to the coming of Iesus Christ whom when they had Slighted and Crucify'd these same Romans gave their Assistance tho' without deâ—igning it to the divine Vengeance to exterminate this ungrateful Nation God who had then determin'd to gather together a new People from all parts of the Earth first rang'd them under the Dominion of the Roman Empire which afterwards provâ—d the principal means to encrease the course of the Gospel Tho' this same Roman Empire persecuted this new People for above 300 Years yet that Persecution serv'd only tâ— confirm the Christian Faith and to make it shine the brighter by the Fortitude and Patience of its Professors But at length this Empire finding it had to deal with something more invincible than it self was forc'd to yield and receive into its Bosom that very Church which before it had so long and so cruelly persecuted whence it follow'd that those Emperors did all that lay in their Power to make that Church Vniversally acknowledg'd
that he had re-establish'd the Royal Race of the Amali in their primitive Lustre and given an account of 17 Generations of them from their first swaying the Scepter and finally that he had Collected into one Body what was before scatter'd through many Books Thus Father St. Marthe speaks of this History in his Life of Cassiodorus XVI Evagrius say the Schools was Native of Epiphania a City of Syria and liv'd in the Sixth Century of the Church He writ an Ecclesiastical History which he begins where Socrates and Theodoret ended that is about the Year 431. when the impiety of the Nestorians was Condemn'd by the Council of Ephesus and concluded it about the twelfth Year of the Emperor Maurice which was in the Year 597. Photius says That this History is very plain and exact The Emperors Constantine and Maurice greatly recompens'd this Author for all his Works and of which he speaks himself XVII Gregory de Tours born in Auvergne of noble Parentage He was one of the most pious Bishops and celebrated Writers of his Time His Genius led him so much to Learning and Piety that after Euphronius Arch-bishop of Tours's death he was rais'd to that See in the Year 572. and dy'd in 594. The French are endebted to him for the Knowledge of our first Kings whose History he has written in X Books and continu'd it down to his own Time He wrote also a great many other Books XVIII Bede sirnam'd the Venerable was born in the Year 673. in a small Village upon the River Tine in England He was brought up in a Monastery of St. Benedict where his Parents plac'd him but when Seven Years old He there read Philosophy Divinity Mathematicks and other curious Learning but above all he imbib'd the Practice of Christian and Religious Virtues He dy'd the 26th of May in the Year 735. Amongst several of his Works we have his Ecclesiastical History of England in V Books which begins with Iulius Caesar's Descent upon this Nation and ends with the Year 731. He has also written a Chronicle of VI Centuries and some particular Relations of the Lives and Martyrdom of divers Saints XIX Paul the Deacon was by Birth a Lombard and liv'd in the Eighth and Ninth Centuries He was first Deacon of Aquilea and afterwards Chancellor to Desiderius the last King of the Lombards When as this Prince was Conquer'd by Charlemagne Paul the Deacon was carry'd Prisoner into France where his great Knowledge and Learning procur'd him a great many Friends After various turns of Fortune which he had undergone he became a Monk of Mount-Cassin where he dy'd in the Ninth Century but in what Year is unknown He has written the History of the Lombards in VI Books the Acts of the several Bishops of Mets and the Lives of St. Arnold St. Cyprian and St. Bennet c. XX. Eginard Secretary to Charlemagne had divers considerable Employments in that Prince's Court. He had a great deal of Wit and Merit and renounc'd the World to become a Monk He writ the life of Charlemagne who had honour'd him with so particular Esteem and Affection He compil'd the Annals of France from the Year 741 to 829. There are some other small Tracts of his He dy'd in the Year 844. tho' some say sooner and some later XXI Freculphus Bishop of Lisieux liv'd in the Ninth Century This Prelate who had been Educated under the Order of St. Benedict was greatly commendable for his Doctrin and Piety He compos'd a Chronicle of which the first Part begins at the Creation and reaches down to our Saviour this consists of VII Books The second begins with the Incarnation of Christ and extends to the coming of the Franks and the Lombards about the Year 600. This comprehends V. Books He Addresses this Chronicle to the Empress Iudith Wâ—fe to Lewis the Debonnaire and Mother to Charles the Bald. He dy'd about the Year 852. XXII Luitpraâ—d Sub-deacon of Toledo Deacon of Pavia and at length Bâ—shop of Cremona liv'd in the Tenth Century and was says Cardinal Bellaâ—min in very great Esteem on account of his Learning and Wisdom Berengerius II. King of Italy sent him in quality of an Ambassador to Constantinople in the Year 946. to the Emperor Constantine Porphiriginâ—tes whence he return'd at the Request of the Emperor Otho in the Year 968. who sent him likewise to Nicephorus Phocas Under the Name of this Luitprand we have VI. Books of History which comprehend all the most considerable Transactions in Europe from the Emperor Arnâ—lphus down to his Time The Learned pretend that what follows the Fifth Chapter of the VI. Book does not belong to Luitprand but was written by another Author of the same Time who had a mind to continue his History They also reject his Book concerning the Acts of the Popes from St. Peter down to Formâ—sus Father Labbe is of Opinion That this History was wrote by a Germâ—n Monk towards the Year 895. The Spaniads father upon this Author a Chronicle of a parcel of fabulous Princes which had never been in the World Also Father Labbe would have this Chronicle sent to the Kingdom of Vtopia Generally speaking nothing is more faulty than these Chronological Successions not excepting the Fables of the Poets the Stories of old Women and of Amadis de Gaul XXIII Witikind a Benedictine Monk of the Abbey of Corby in Saxâ—ny liv'd in the Tenth Century the Year of whose death is unknown The moâ—t remarkable of his Works is his History of the Saxâ—ns in III. Books together with that of Henry King of Germany surnam'd the Fowler and of his Son the Emperor Otho This Hisâ—ory extends to the Year 973. when Otho dy'd XXIV Frodoard Abbot of Rheims writ a Chronicle which began at the Year 919. and ended with the Year 966. 'T is thought he dy'd much about the same time XXV Glaber Rudolphe a Fryer of St. Germains of Auxerre flourish'd under the Reigns of King Robert the Good and Henry I. his Son He has written an History which includes the time between the Years 990. and 1045. Neither the time nor place of his Death is known neverthâ—less he is of great Repute and was Author of the Life of St. William Abbot of St. Benigne of Dijon This Person was a great restorer of the Monastical Discipline of his Time He dy'd at Fecamp in Normandy the first of Ianuary in the Year 1051. XXVI Iohn Curopalate so call'd for being an Officer of the Houshold to the Emperor of that Name He is a Greek Author who compos'd a History from the end of the Empire of Michael Curopalate where Theophanes ended his to the beginning of the Reign of Alexis Comnenes Emperor of the Greeks that is from the Year 813. to 1081. George Cedrenus was a Grecian Monk that liv'd towards the middle of the Eleventh Century He has made an Abridgment of History from the beginning of the World to the Reign of Isack Comnenes who in the Year 1057.
succeeded to Michael VI. Emperor of Constantinople This Cedrenus was a great Plagiary having Robb'd Iohn Curopalate of almost all that he says after the death of Michael I. to the Reign of Isack Comnenes It was then customary among the Greeks to rifle the Dead and this ill Example extended also to Letters Eusebius made bold with Africanus George Sincellus a Monk of Constantinople who liv'd in the Eighth Century likewise Pillag'd him in his turn and moreover Criticis'd upon him most unmercifully After him comes George Theophanus a Man in other respects good enough but he could not forbear treading in the Paths of others and enriching himself with the Spâ—ils of such has had gone before him But still herein he was more moderate than George Cedrenus whose Theft was so exceedingly extravagant that Father Labbe the Jesuit in his Book de Script Eccles. expresses himself very much displeas'd when Vossius made it a Question Whether George Cedrenus were more beholden to Iohn Curopalate or Iohn Curopalate to George Cedrenus But the Truth is these modern Greek Peices are of no great Worth for they are generally made up of the Raggs of Antiquity Patch'd and Sow'd unjudiciously together As all these different Greek Works have been generally Stollen I have not thought it convenient to allow 'em any particular Article but imagine I have done sufficient to let the World know how little they ought to be Valu'd XXVII Ingulphus an English-man of London was a Monk in the Abby of Fontenelles in Normandy and afterwards Abbot of Croyland in England He flourish'd between the Years 1050 and 1109. when he dy'd He has written an Account of the Monasteries in England from the Year 664 to 1067. which was the first Year of the Reign of William the Conquerour whose Secretary 't is said Ingulphus was after he became King of England XXVIII Iohn Zonarius a Monk of the Order of St. Basil flourish'd about the Year 1120. He has written an Universal History in III Volumes Whereof the First contains the Affairs of the Jews from the Creation of the World to the Destruction of Ierusalem The Second comprehends an Abridgment of the Roman History from the Foundation of Rome to Constantin the Great The Third contains the Actions of the Eastern Emperors from Constantin to Alexis Comnenes M. Vossius allows this Author a greater share of Genius and Exactness than he seems to have Merited by his Works This Historian before he became a Monk had divers considerable Employments in the Eastern Emperors Courts XXIX Honorius Autunensius so nam'd from his having been Prebendary of the Cathedral Church of Autun in Burgundy He flourish'd under the Reign of the Emperor Henry V. about the Year 1120. There is a very large Chronicle of his which M. Vossius says is a great Honour to its Author being of no common Benefit to the Publick Gloriam sibi publico fâ—uctu quaesivit Volumine quod summa Historiarum vel Magnum Chronicum Opus Nuncupatur Vossius c. We have likewise an Account of the Ecclesiastical Writers from this Author which he entitles De Luminaribus Ecclesiâ—e XXX William of Malmesbury or Somerset a Monk of the Order of St. Benedict in the Monastery of Malmesbury where he was Library-keeper He has Writ Five Books of English History and Two which are call'd Historia Novella It ends with the Year 1142. when it is thought that its Author dy'd He is look'd upon to be one of the best Writers of the History of England XXXI Henry Steronius a Monk of the Abbey of Altaich in Germany liv'd in the 14th Century He has compil'd Annals which begin with the Year 1152. being the First of the Reign of Frederic Barbarossa and proceed on to the Year 1273. when the Emperor Rodolphus I. of the Family of Hapsbourg began his Reign Eberard Arch-deacon of Ratisbonne continues these Annals down to the Year 1305. This Author Steren likewise writ the several Lives of the Emperors Rhodophus of Hapsbourg Adolphus of Nassaw and Albert of Austria down to the Year 1300. Vlriâ— and Conrade Wellirige of Ausbourg two Brothers and Monks of the Order of St. Benedict made an Addition to this Work which extends to the Year 1335. XXXII Henry of Huntingdon Arch-deacon and Canon of Lincoln in England flourish'd about the Year 1153. being the time when Stephen King of England dy'd He has written the History of England in X Books from the Descent of the Angels and Saxons upon Britain to the Year 1153. Polidore Virgil says this was an excellent Historian Historicus Egregius XXXIII Petrus Cemester or Peter the Eâ—ter was Native of Trâ—ies in Champagne He quitted the Benefice which he had in the place of his Birth to become a Member among the Regular Canons of St Victor at Paris where he dy'd in October towards the Year 1198. and his Tomb and Epitaph in the Church of St. Victor have been frequently Visited by the Curious He was a very learn'd Man for the time while he liv'd He compos d the History call'd Scolastick which Sixtus of Siena extreamly commends tho' he says withal that its Author has intermixt with it a great many Apocryphal Actions which have no good Warrant from Antiquity In this History which consists of XVI Books â—he Abridges all the Old and New Testament adding here and there some Notes and Remarks drawn out of the Fathers and some profane Writers XXXIV Otho of Freisingen so nam'd for having been Bishop of that City was Son to Leopold Marquess of Austria equally Illustrious for his Birth Learning and Piety Being Dissatisfied with the Professors of the College of Newbourg which his Father had Founded he went to Study in the University of Paris He afterwards admitted himself of the Order of White-Fryars in the Monastery of Morimond of which in a short time his Virtue advanc'd him to be Abbot Having been chosen Bishop of Freisingen he return'd into Germany in the Year 1148. when he waited on the Emperor Conrade in his Expedition to the Holy-Land But upon his Return being convinc'd more than ever of the Vanity of Things of this World he hasted to his belov'd Retirement of Morimond where he dy'd the 21st of September in the Year 1158. This Otho writ a Chronicle in VII Books from the beginning of the World to the Year 1146. He also compil'd the Life of Frederick Barberossa which Radevic a Canon of Freisingen continu'd XXXV William a French-man tho' some say a German was elected Arch-bishop of Tyre in Phenicia the 30th of May 1175. He has written the History of the Holy-War under Godfrey of Bulloign Which he begins with the Year 1095. and ends with that of 1180. This Work comprehends XXIII Books but the last is not quite finish'd Iohn Harold has hereto added VI Books after a Fashion The Year of William of Tyre's Death is unknown XXXVI Helmodius a Priest of Busoen near Lubec liv'd in the Twelfth Century in the time of the Emperor Frederic
Maximus 61 392 Flavius Blondus's Hist. 169 The Flood 47 288 Fohi Emp. of China 291 Freculphus's Chronicle 160 Frederick Barbarossa Emp. 79 Frederick II. Emp. goes to the Holy Land 80 Fredoard's Chronicle 162 French Monarchy founded 71 Fulk K. of Ierusalem 79 G. Galatians Epistle to p. 141 Galba Emp. Rom. 66 Gauls sack Rome 60 386 Genesis Book of 131 Gideon 52 Glaber Rudolphus's Hist. 162 Glocester present Duke of born 94 Godeau's Hist. 174 Godfrey of Bolleign K. of Ierusalem 78 Golden Number found out 325 Gomer's Sons Authors of Nations 233 Goths invade Italy c. 67 Gracchus turbulent at Rome 395 Gregory of Touâ—'s Hist. 159 Gun-powder Plot in England 89 Guns invented 81 Gustavus Adolphus 89 H. Habakkuk 57 243 His Prophecy 138 Haggai 60 250 Ham. 230 Hannibal the Carthaginian General 61 391 Passes the Alpes and invades Italy 391 Defeats the Romans 392 Harold K. of England conquered by William 77 Hardicanute the Dane K. of England ib. Hebor 48 228 230 Hebrews Epistle to 143 Hegira of the Turks 7 72 Hegisippus's History 151 Heli. 53 Heliograbalus 68 Helmodius's Hist. 166 Hengist the Saxon K. of Kent 71 Henry I. K. of England 78 Henry II. 79 Henry III. 80 Henry IV. 82 Henry V. ib. Henry VI. ib. Henry VII 85 Henry VIII 86 87 Henry III. K. of France stabb'd by Clement p. 88 Henry IV. K. of France stabb'd by Ravillac 89 Heraclides Kings of Lacedemon 334 Kings of Corinth 345 Heraclitus 60 Herald the Dane K. of England 77 Hercules 52 347 Herod the Great 64 253 Herodian's Hist. 193 Herodotus's Hist. 177 Hesiod 56 Hezekiah K. of Iudah 242 Hipparchus K. of Athens 324 Hipias K of Athens invited the Persians into Greece 324 Hippocrates 60 Hircanus High-Priest of the Iews 253 Holland declared a Free State 89 Holofernes beheaded by Iudith 260 Homer 54 Holy League in France 88 Honorius Autunensis's Chronicle 163 Horace 64 410 Horat. Coecles defends the Bridge at Rome against Porsenna 380 Hosea 56 241 His Prophecy 136 Hoshea K. of Israel carried Captive with the 10 Tribes 247 Hovedon's Hist. 166 Huntingdon Hen. of his History 164 I. Iacob p. 50 228 His Sons 235 Iair judges Israel 237 St. Iames his Epistle 143 Iames I. K. of England 89 Iames II. 93 94 Iaphet 47 230 His Sons Authors of Nations 233 Iared 46 228 Iavan his Sons Authors of Nations 234 Iebus Ierusalem so called 233 Iehoaz K. of Iudah deposed by the K. of Egypt p. 243 Iehoram K. of Iudah 238 Iehosâ—aphat 55 240 Iehu K. of Israel 246 Ieptha judges Israel 238 Ieremiah 242 His Prophecy 135 Iericho built 245 St. Ierom's Hist. Works 154 Ieroboam K. of Israel 244 Ierusalem taken by the Babylonians 244 Temple rebuilt by Zorobabel 250 The City and Temple taken by Pompey 252 Taken by Vespasian 253 Oppressed by Turks the Holy War began 78 Regained by Godfrey 78 Retaken by Turks 79 Iews the Government of them from the time of Zedekiah to the coming of Christ. 249. c. Their Kings 252 c. Iezebel 245 Ingulphus's Writings 163 Inquisition erected in Spain 85 Iob the Book of 134 Iocasta Q. of Thebes marries Oedipus 350 Ioel. 56 242 His Prophecy 137 St. Iohn 67 His Gospel 140 His Epistles and Revelations 144 Iohn K. of England 79 Ionah 56 242 His Book 137 Ioseph 50 229 Ioseph of Arimâ—thea 66 Iosephus's Hist. 163 Ioshua 52 236 His Book 131 Ireland conquered by the English 79 Isaac 50 228 Isaiah 56 241 His Prophecy 135 Israel the Kings of it 244 Israelites their several Servitudes and Deliverers 237 c. Israelites carried Captives to Babylon p. 243 The Ten Tribes carried into Captivity by Shalmaneser 247 Oppressed in Egypt by Thermutis 300 Italy its first State 368 Iudah the Kings of 240 c. St Iude's Epistle 144 Iudges the Book of 131 Iudges the Israelites governed by 236 c. Iudith the Book of 134 Cut off Holofernes Head 242 260 Iugurthine War 396 Iulian Account of Time 403 Iustin's History 219 K. Kings the Book of p. 132 Krantz's History 172 L. Lacedemonia its History and Kings p. 332 to 337 342 Laius K. of Thebes 350 Lamech 46 238 Law given by God 51 Leopoldus the present Emp. 90 Lepanto Battel there 88 Lepiduâ— 406 408 Leuctra the Battel there 341 Leviticus the Book of 131 Lewis XIV K. of France 90 Livy 410 His History 203 Lollard Walter burnt 81 Lombardy Kingdom founded 7â— Lucius Florus's History 217 Lucius K. of Britain 64 Lucretia ravished 59 377 Lucretius the Poet. 64 396 Luitprand's History 161 St. Luke's Gospel 139 Luther preaches against Indulgences 86 Lycurgus 55 329 335 Lydia its History and Kings 361 c. M. Maccabees the Book of p. 139 Maccabeus the Iewish Captain 252 Macedon its History and Kings 352 c. Magellanica the Streight of discovered 87 Mahalaleel 46 228 Mahomet 72 Malachi 251 His Prophecy 138 Malmesbury William of his History 164 Manasses K. of Iudah 242 Manetho's History 329 Mardonius the Persian General 265 324 Mariners Compass invented 81 St. Mark 's Gospel 139 Mark Anthony 312 313 406 408 His Death 409 Mary Q. of England 87 Mary II. dies 96 Massanello at Naples 90 St. Matthew's Gospel 139 Matthew Paris's History 167 Maximilian Emp. 86 Medes the Kings of from Arbaces to Darius 261 Messenian War 336 Messina built 337 Methusalem 46 228 Mexico and Peru conquered by the Spaniards 87 Micah 56 242 his Prophecy 138 Miletum Battel there 326 Military Tribunes in Rome created 385 Misraim Son of Ham. 231 His Sons Authors of Nations 232 Mithridates 63 397 Moors expelled Spain 85 Moses 50 229 236 300 Musical Notes invented 77 Mutius the Roman burns his own Hand 380 Mycale the Battel there 326 Mycene its History and Kings 347 N. Naaman's Leprosy cleansed p. 246 Naboth 245 Nahor 228 Nahum 57 242 His Prophecy 138 Nebuchadnezzar 57 260 Takes Iehoiakim Prisoner 243 Turned into a Beast 249 260 Nehemiah 60 Rebuilt the Walls of Ierusalem 250 Nero Emp. 66 Netherlands united to Spain 85 Nice Council held there 70 Nicephorus Calistus's Hist. 168 Nicephorus Gregorianus's Hist. ib. Nimeguen Peace there 93 Nimrod 48 232 Ninus K. of Assyria 48 255 Nioâ—â— her Story 350 Noah 46 228 Normans settle in France 76 Numa Pompilius 57 373 Numbers the Book of 131 O. Obadiah p. 241 His Prophecy 137 Oedipus K. of Thebes his Story 350 Ogyges Deluge 50 Olympick Games and the computation of Time from them instituted 56 321 Orange Will. Prince of Heads the Protestants in Holland and is Assassinated at Delft 88 Origine of the ancient Nations of the Earth 230 Orosius's Hist. 156 Otho Freisingensis's Hist. 165 Ottoman Sultan of the Turks 80 Ovid the Poet. 64 410 P. Pallades's Hist. 155 Parchment first made at Pergamos 291 Paris's Rape of Helen 52 330 Parthians their Derivation 337 Patriarchal State of the Israelites p. 228 Paul the Deacon's Hist. 160 Pausanias the Spartan General 338 Peloponesian War 325 c. 339 Pepin K. of France 73