S. Mary B. S. Swythyn in Candlewikestreet S. Stephen in Walbrooke S. Mary Woulchurch in the Poultrie S. Syth in Bucklersbury Candlewikestreete warde S. Martyn Orgor S. Clement S. Michael in Croked lane S. Mary Abchurch Langburne warde Alhallowes Stains in Lumbarestreet S. Gabriell S. Dionis in Fanchurch streete S. Edmond S. Nicholas Acon S. Mary Wolnoth in Lumbare streete Algate ward S. Androwes Vndershaft S. Katherines by Christeschurch S. Katherin Colman Port Sowkin warde S. Botolph without Algate Lymestreete warde S. Mary Naâ—â— Bushopes gate warde S. Botolph at the gate S. Alborgth Alhallowes within S. Helines Cornehill warde S. Michaell S. Peter Brodestreete warde S. Martyn Outwich S. Bennet Finck S. Bartholmew the little S. Christopher S. Peter the poore S. Alhallowes on the wall Colmanstreet ward S. Sthephen S. Olafe in the Iurie S. Margares in Lothburie Cheape warde S. Laurence in the Iurie S. Marie Bow Alhallowes in hony lane S. Marie of Colchurch S. Myldreds in the Pultrie S. Bennes Shorehog S. Martyn Poniers S. Martyn in Iremonger lane S. Maryes S. Marie or Aldermarie S. Anceline S. Pancras Queenehyth warde S. Mychaell S. Mary Somerset S. Mary Mowthaw S. Nicholas Olafe S. Nicholas colde Abbey S. Peter Bredstreete warde Alhallowes in Bredstreete S. Myldred S. Mathie S. Io. Euangelist S. Augustine at Paules gate S. Margaret Moyses S. Botolph S. Margaret in Friday streete Vintry warde S. Martyn S. Mychaell Colledge S. Thomas Apostole S. Iames on Garlikehyth Trinitie in Knightriderstreete Beynerdeastle warde S. andrew S. Bennet S. George S. Mary Magdelene in old fishstreete The warde of Farringdon infrá S. Euan. S. Nùholas in the Fleshshambles S. Faithes in Paules S. Martyn within Ludgate S. Mychaell at Querns S. Fauster in Fauster lane S. Peter at the crosse of Cheape S. Gregory in Paules Churchyarde S. Genyn within S. Martin le graunde The warde of Farringdon extra S. Dunstane S. Bride S. Androw in Holborne S. Pulcher without Newgate aldresgatestreet warde S. Botolph without Aldresgate S. Anne S. Iohn Zacharie S. Leonard in Fauster lane S. Marie Staining S. Mathew in siluer streete Bassinghall warde S. Mychaell Creplegate warde S. Mary Magdelene S. Marie in Aldermanburie S. Michaell in Hogginlane S. Albons in Woodstreete S. Elsinge spittle now a parish church S. Olafe in Syluerstreete S. Gyles without the gate Wardes 25. Parishes 113. Other Churches there are within this Citie not mentioned in the wardes nor vsed as parish Churches whereof the first is Paules Paules buylded a most stately temple builded by Ethelbert king of Kent anno 610. who consecrated the same vnto S. Paule It was afterward augmented by Mauricius bishop of London anno 1107. Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne builded the south crosse I le was there buried anno 1310. It is a Cathedrall Chruch the bishops Sea of London sometime the archbishops Sea but remooued thence to Caunterburie by the meanes of S. Augustine at the request of the Citizens of Caunterbury Paules steeple In the middell of this famous temple is a Tower most artificially raised vpon strong pillers verie admirable to be considered for that the foundation of the same maine Tower can not be deserned in the bodie of the Church and yet ascendeth in great altitude as it were in the center of the church not without curious view to be seene howe it is supported vpon this Tower was raised a Piramis or as we coÌ„monly terme it as Steeple couered with lead which is saide to haue beene in altitude equall with the church in longitude the height therof is recorded to be 534. foote from the ground which stately piramis or steeple was thrice consumed with fire Paules steeple burned three times first in the yeere of Christ 1087. which was not long after newlie erected and burned againe anno 1444. after that raised and againe consumed with fire by vnknowne meanes the iudgement of God inkindling it in the yeere of Christ 1561. to the terror of the whole Citie remaining as yet wihtout that stately ornament There lieth buried Sebba king of the east Saxons who died anno domini 633. in a coffin of marble with couer of the same his armes these There also lieth buried Etheldred king of England King Etheldred burted the sonne of Edgar who died anno domini 1017. in a coffin of marble with couer of the same There lieth also Iohn surnamed Plantaginet in a stately monument 10. Plantaginet buried artificially raised of white free stone whose stile is thus there recorded Illustrissimus iacet hic Iohannes cognomento Plantaginet Rex Castiliae Legionis Dux Lancastrie Comes Richmondiae Lecestriae Lincolnie Derbiae locum tenens Aquitaniae magnus Senescallus Angliae obiit anno 22. Ric. 2. Annoque Domini 1399. Also there was a Church at the Crotched fryars now conuerted to other vse A Church at Augustine friars founded by Humfrey Bohune E. of Hâ—â—tford 1253. A Church called Tho. of Acris neer the great conduct in Cheape founded by Thomas fitz-Theobald in the time of H. 2. who gaue the same Church to the Mercers for a peece of money Rec. E. 3. Anno 19. at the suite of sir Richard Gresham knight and is now vsed for the Mercers hall The Temple within Temple barre The Temple whose founder is not certainely recorded yet some hold it to be that which was called Templum pacis or Concordiae builded by Dunwallo Mulmutius about the yeer of the worldes creation 4748. and therein was buried the same Mulmutius and also Gorbomanus and others Galfr. Mon. But some take the Temple of peace to be that which is now Blackwell-hall There are in this Temple many very auncient monuments of famous men shaped in Marble armed their legges crosse whose names are not to be gathered by any inscription for that time hath worne it out The form of this Temple in the west is made circuler loftely raised with Marble pillers set also circuleâ—ly so that it serueth the students of the house for a walke most necessarie that for a multitude without disturbance of one by the other by reuerting Some say it was founded by the kings templers which were in England about the yeere of Christ 1185. but it seemeth that this Temple is farre more auncient There was annexed vnto the Stilliarde an auncient Church called the Temple also and after the dissolution thereof A temple neere the Stilliarde it was giuen to the students of the Law bearing the name of White hall White hall which belike in regard of the distance from the other houses of Law it was at the length neglected and forsaken which house seemeth to be of the number of the houses of Chauncery in the time of Henry the sixt when Master Fortescue compiled his booke of the Lawes of England wherein he affirmeth that there were in and neere London ten Innes of Chauncery now but eight in which number of ten was accompted this White hall the
Ptolomey 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Strabo Munster and others Munst Cosm will haue it ALBION ab albis rupibus of the white sea clifes which are in the south coast of the lande Some others will haue it come of the Greeke worde Olbion Olbion Cowp in Dict. which signifieth felix happie in regarde of their happines belike that first atchiued it So doth Strabo call Albania Strabo lib. 4. wherein he placeth the people Caucasiae felicem habitatu regionem a happie countrie to dwell in So is Gothia in the countrey language ierra bona a good countrey Some will haue it ALBION of Albina Dioclesians daughter which hath no próbabilitie Caxton It continued in the name of ALBION 608. yeeres vntill Brytus or Brutus Iulius arriuall who conquered the same about the yeere of the worldes creation 2828. 2734. Brutes arriuall Galf. Monum Bale Cent. 1. This Brute changed the name of ALBION into BRYTANE and the people Albionds into Britans or after some BRVTAYNE of the same Brute â—y being turned into v. Some will haue it BRITANNIA of Brytona a nymph of Greece Britanniae others rather holde that it shoulde take that name of a seperation as M. Twinus in Com. Twine in his Commentaries who saith Britannia is so called for that it is Locus diuorsio separatus ab eo cui adhaeserat a place seuered from another whereunto it was annexed and the more to fortifie his reason he coniectureth that this Britannia nowe an apparant Island was somtime Peninsula annexed vnto the maine of Fraunce which no doubt is true but not since the generall inundation by probabilitie whereby infinite chanels were eaten in the earth with the rage of so violent a floud and consequently many Islands dispersed as we see in the main Ocean and middle earth seas for surely if it had beene Peninsula or Istmus since the floud Plinie Plinie who liued neere 1500. yeeres before M. Twyne woulde haue as well mentioned such a conjunction as that part of the sea which runneth betweene England and Calleys which he calleth Mare Gessoriacum Mare GessoriacuÌ„ and which Ptolomey calleth Oceanus Britannicus But it seemeth that M. Twyne standeth vpon the opinion of Antonius Volscus a Poet who dreameth of a passage fiue miles in bredth betweene England and Fraunce from whom also Seruius Honoratus seemeth to say Seruius Honoratus that BRITANNIA was Olim iuncta continenti our Brytaine was ioined to the maine continent which secrets passe our apprehension Sir Thomas Eliot will haue Britannia to be Pritania Humfrey Lloyd also seemeth to say it should be Prid-caine which signifieth beautifull or white of colour S. Th. Eliot Humf. Lloyde though the c be omitted for more easier pronunciation which maketh it Pridaine Againe some will haue it come of Brith a british worde which signifieth painted which coÌ„iecture I take to come of Caesars words where he saith Caesar Com. lib. 4. Omnes Britanni glasto se inficiunt all the Brytons besmere themselues and staine their bodies with oade of which worde Brith and tania a Greeke worde which signifieth Regnum a kingdome it is supposed to be aptly called Brithtania the countrey or kingdome of the Brithtons or depainted people Goropius Becanus seemeth to hold another opinion that it should be Bridania Goropius Becanus M. Camden wherof M. Camden maketh construction that Bri in Bridania should be free and so to make it Fredania or Free-denmarke Thus is our Britannia forced to sustaine sundry titles vnder one truth The seuerall titles of Brytaine as Brytannia Pritania Prid-caine or Pridayne Brithtania Brutania Bridania and such like according to as manie sundrie mens conceits But were not Brute so generally reiected in these our daies I could verie easely be drawne to assure me that it might be most truely Brutania of Brute the supposed conquerour and that Greeke worde tania a kingdome though Brute were no Greeke yet might he fitly conioyne this worde tania vnto his name Brute and so conclude it Brutania Brutania Bruti regnum the kingdome of Brute u being nowe turned into i as in other wordes Pessumus is nowe written Pessimus so are manie other Latine words Manie of late yeeres reiect the hystorie of Brute among others an Abbot sometime of S. Albons Iohn of Wheathamsted Io. de Wheathampst who wrote about the yere of Christ 1443. who saith plainly that Totus processus de Bruto illo est Poeticus potius quam historicus The whole matter of that Brute is Poeticall fabulous rather than a true hystorie This author liuing of late daies affoordeth reproofe of the most auncient But what antiquitie hath left and wee by tradition haue receiued Ipse sciolus dare not absolutelie denie vppon anie mans bare coniecture It is at this day called ENGLAND Anglorum terra England the land of Angles or Englishmen the Latins call it Anglia and the French Angle terre The Angli or Englishmen inhabited part of Germanie whom as I take it Ptolomey calleth Angili Angili Ptolomey and placeth them betweene the Casuari the Chemae neer the riuer Visurgis now Weser in that countrey which is now Westphalia Caes Com. who as Caesar saith Praedae ac belli inferendi causa ex Belgis transierunt came out of Belgia the lowe Countries to seeke releefe and to war with the Britons inuading most especially that part of the lande which borders vppon the south east or Germaine sea as Kent Sussex Essex Beda The Angles or Englishmen inhabited Cambridgeshire Isle of Elie Norffolke and Suffolke all which was called Eastanglia and the people East Angles The Saxons which came also with the Angles were dispersed and seated in other quarters of the lande as by the deuision and Heptarchie it will appeere The Saxons and Angles draue the Britons into Wales Aun dom 620. and Cornewall and other places of refuge And Egbert king of the west Saxons became sole Monarch of the whole land and called the same England of that part of Germany wherof he was wherin the Angili or Angles inhabited Some other will haue it England of Anglia Anglia the name of a Queene sometime of this Countrey But what whence or when she was they seeme not to report Others will haue it Anglia scytuate as it were in Angulo in a corner or newke by it selfe Which opinion is not altogither to be reiected for that Iulius Solinus saith Iulius Solinus that the sea coast of Gallia had beene the ende of the worlde but that the Isle of Britaine which standeth alone as it were in an angle for the largenes thereof deserueth the name of another worlde being seperated from the rest of the earth as Virgil saith Penitus toto diuisos orbe Britannos Iosephus in the oration of king Agrippa saith Ios lib. 2. cap. 26 bel Iud. The Romaines sought another world beyond the great Ocean sending their hostes into
or corporation of ten men Teothongs the officer of this Tithing the Saxons called teoþungmon of vs especiallie in the West a Tythingman in some places as in Northamptonshire a Therdbarrow Therdbarrowes so that ten of these Tithings yeelded a 100. men whereof the English call it at this day a Hundred though the number of the men be now vncertaine the Latines call it Centuria In steede of Tithings especially beyonde Trent they haue Wapētaches Centuriae Wapentaches which the Saxons called ƿeƿontacs which tooke that name of the view of weapons and where the Tenaunts deliuered vp their weapons vnto their Lords Boresealdor The officers of these petite deuisions or Tythings are in Kent called BorHesealdors the chiefest or eldest pledges as M. M. Lamberde Lamberde most expert in the Saxon toung affirmeth The word Shire commeth of the Saxon Verbe Scyran Shire why so called which signifieth to cut or to deuide Euerie of these Shires in time past was gouerned per Comitem whom we now call Earle who was quasi praefectus regius the kings Lieuetenant who of the Saxons was called Eorle of whom euery Shire is called a Countie a Comite Counties why so called of the Earle But of later time there haue been and are yeerely chosen in euery shire an officer by the Prince which in Latine is called Vicecomes as one appointed vice Comitis in the Earles steed The Sherife what and whence so called we call him the Sherife the Saxons called him Scyregerefa the Reeue of the Shire for gerefa is an officer to collect rents and other reuenues and to execute things vnder for another the Germaines at this daie haue Burgreeue of the Saxons ƿortgerefa Manie sortes of Reeues the Mayor of a Towne Margreeues whom we cal Waterbaylifes a Landsgreue whom we call the Reeue of a Mannor Pliny Gildas Solinus and Martianus do agree that this our BRITANNIA MAIOR is 800. The length of Brytaine and the bredth miles in length including also Scotland and Martianus saith it is in bredth 300. miles in which dimensuration they seeme to account after the Italian measure which is lesse then our myles The supposed breadth length of Englande by statute measure yet were England measured according to the true and exact mensuration prouided and allowed by statute it woulde appeere to be of greater length breadth then these authors account An Italian mile containeth mille passus maiores or Geometricos a 1000. A myle A furlong A pearch paces of fiue foote to the pace which is also a fadome And our English mile is eight furlongs euery furlong 40. pearches euery pearch 16. foote and halfe which maketh 5280. foote which is more then the Italian mile by 56. paces But our ordinary mile exceedeth both the Italiā true English mile The forme of this land is Trianguler The fertilitie of England much like Cicilia an Island in the middle earth sea The center of this land which I take to be about Titburie castle hath latitude about 52. degrees 50. minuts and longitude 21. degrees 28. minuts This our BRITANNIA for the fertility fruitfulnes therof matcheth the best yeelding such generall commodities in such abundance that it may be said Albion emporiis tellus opulenta marinis fertilis omnigenum rerum Another saith Anglia non segetes effundit diuite vena Pascua non pingui fertilitate tument In gremio fluuiis riui miscentur amaenis Gurgitibus rapidis vada pura meant Nobilis antiquo nutat cum robore quercus Et nemorum grato spirat odore viror Visceribus mediis errant pretiosa metalla Diuitiae crescunt intus opesque foris It were too long to recite the particuler fruites and rare commodities it yeeldeth all which are knowne to the worlde as the Cosmographicall Poet saith Omnia sunt famatotū vulgata per orbem And aboue all other blessings it hath greatest cause to reioyce in the free vse of the true knowledge of Christ England most happie in the vse of the Gospell wherein it triumpheth aboue all other kingdomes or Countries of the world most happely therin maintained vnder the mightie king of kings celestiall lehouah by the sacred hand of the most imperial Queene ELIZABETH the fruits of whose happie raigne who can enioy not vnfeinedly commend hir safetie and happie continuance vnto that all sufficient God who beyond expectation in fauour commended hir to vs in regarde whereof our Englande may be truely called OLBION a happie Countrie SPECVLVM BRITANIAE The first part conteining a briefe Historicall and Chorographicall discription of MYDDLESEX HAuing thus briefely touched the generall I purpose to proceede to the particular descriptions of this out BRITANIA wherein imitating the artificial Painter who beginneth alwaies at the head the principall part of the bodie I thought it not vnfit to begin my Speculum Britaniae with MYDDLESEX The causes why Myddlesex is the first part of Speculum Britaniae which aboue all other Shyres is graced with that chiefe and head Citie LONDON which as an adamant draweth vnto it all the other parts of the land and aboue the rest is most vsuallie ferquented with hir Maiesties most regall presence Of MIDDLESEX and of the Trinobantes IT is called MIDDLESEX of the middle Saxons Myddlesex why socalled for that they inhabited that part betweene the East Saxons West Saxons and South Saxons MIDDLESEX was a percel of that countrey wherin as Caesar saith dwelled the Trinobantes whom Ptolomy calleth Trinoantes omitting the b. Myddlesex parte of the Trinobantes Caesar Com. Ptolomey Galfr. Moun. some call them Trinouantes putting u. for b. The chiefe Citie of these Trinobantes was then called Trinobantum Colchester London the Citie of the East Saxons and Trinobantes Corn. Tacitus of some held to be Colchester of some London Beede saith that London was the chiefe Citie of the East Saxons If so then of necessitie of the Middle saxons and consequently of the Trinobantes yet Tacitus saith that London was not Trinobantum nor the people Trinobantes neere London and his reason is that if the Trinobantes had beene neere London they would not haue suffered Suetonius to haue passed thither which argument Humfrey Lloyde seemeth to confute in this manner Humf. Lloyd The Trinobantes saith he being Suetonius enemies would haue as well preuented him in the inner part of the countrey as neere London considering that Suetonius came from the Isle of Anglesey marching through the whole countrey So that in what place soeuer the Trinobantes were resident they could not be ignorant of his passage Polydore Virgile Pollidore a man of no great credite as touching his historie affirmeth from some other that Trinobantum was Northampton and the Northamptonshire men Trinobantes Northampton Tranton and his reason is for that the countrey men in their language called that place Tranton which hath no such semblable consonance with Trinobantum
betweene it and Syon entreth into the Thames This worde Brent among the countrey people of those partes signifieth Brent the word how the people take the signification and is taken for all brookes riuers and currants of water therefore is euerie small brooke called the Brent among them Neere vnto this place Edmond Ironside Edm. Ironsides conflict with the Danes assaulted the Danes which he had driuen from the siedge of London and there put manie of them to the sword and put the residue to flight about anno Christi 1016. the place appeereth by this carracter ✚ Brentford old H. 14. a little thorowfare * Bushoppes hall F. 22. the house of the Lord Wentwoorth Blackwall G. 22. neere which is a harbor in the Thamis for shipping Blackwall why so called the place taketh name of the blackenes or darkenes of the water bankes or wall at that place Brompton G. 16. ** Boston G. 12. where dwelleth Iherome Halley Esquire Bedfont west H. 6. Bedfont east H. 8. * Brumfielde C. 20. the house of Skeuington Esquire C. Cannons D. 10. Crowch ende D. 18. * Coanie Hatch D. 18. there dwelleth Trot Gentleman Clapton E. 22. ** Canburie or Cannonburie E. 20. a house in the hands of Atee Gentleman It was builded by prior Bolton prior of Saint Bartholmewes in Smithfield in the time of H. 8. Childes hill E. 16. Chalcot or Chalkhill E. 16. Cowley F. 6. Chelsey G. 18. Chelsey why so called So called of the nature of the place whose strond is like the chesel which the sea casteth vp of sand pebble stones Therof called Cheselsey breefely Chelsey as is Chelsey in Sussex north of Chychester which standeth vpon the very edge of the sea as this * Chelsey on the Thamise Queene ELIZABETH hath there a faire house The Lord Dacres hath there a faire house Cheswicke H. 14. belonging to a prebend of Paules now in the handes of Doctor Goodman Deane of Westminster where he hath a faire house whereunto in the time of any common plague or sicknes as also to take the aire he withdraweth the schollers of the colledge of Westminster * Colham Collumbe or Colneham G. 6. a house of the Earle of Darbies which taketh name Colneham of the scytuation thereof so neere a branch of Colne streame Colbrooke or Colnebroke G. 6. one little part wherof is in MIDDLESEX as farre as the bridge the rest is Buckingham shire Craneford H. 8. It is so called of the forde or brooke called by the name of Crane Carleton or Charleton K. 8. D. Dalis D. 14. Dryuers hill D. 14. * Durance B. 20. the house of Robert Wroth Esquire ** Durhams B. 14. Lacye Gentleman a house in the hands of Daleson hill E. 14. Dormans well F. 10. the house of the Lo. Dacres * Drayton G. 6. a house late the Lord Pagets E. Edgeworth D. 12. consisting of one maine streete the west side whereof belongeth to little Stanmer called also Whitchurch the other part hath a church in it selfe ƿorþ ƿorþ in the Saxon toong signifieth a place fruitefull and fit in regarde of the apt scytuation thereof to be inhabited this ƿorþ standing on the very edge of the shire may be called Edgeworth of some but corruptly Edgeware East end D. 16. a member of Finchley Edmondton or Edelmeton C. 20. In the Church whereof are sundry ancient monuments the most of them defaced among which is a tombe of gray Marble circumscribed thus Hic iacent corpora Thomae Carleton cuiusdā dni Thomas Careleton buried istius villae qui obiit 21. die Februar Anno Do. 1447. Elizabethae vxo ris eius filiae Adae Francis militis per quam habuit dominium whose arms are these There is also one Iohn Kirketon Esquire Iohn Kirketen buried whose monument is of white free stone erected in the south wall of the Church and seemeth as auncient as the Church it selfe but there is no record of the time of his decease his armes are these There is a fable of one Peter Fabell that lyeth in the same Church also Peter Fabell buried who is saide to haue beguiled the Deuell by pollicie for money But the Deuell is deceite it selfe and hardly deceiued Edmonton streete C. 20. Enfield B. 20. sometime parcell of the land of the Duke of Lancaster now Queene Elizabeths The chace called Enfield chace taketh name of this place It is called of some Enfen and so recorded Enfen in regarde of the Fenny scytuation of some part thereof vpon the marshes or meerish ground which though now brought to be good meadow and profitable pasture it hath beene in time past fenney thereof taking the name Enfen or Infen now Enfielde But these fenney grounds are now on the east as the chace in the west profitable neighbors not onely vnto Enfield but to many other poore inhabitants neere Elinge called great Elinge G. 12. Thomas frowike buried In the Church whereof lyeth buried Thomas Frowike sometime owner of Gunnersbury or Gunwelsbury an auncient seat within the same parish Eueney H. 6. a ferme house belonging vnto the Deane and chapter of Westminster Enfielde house A. 20. Queene ELIZABETHS builded by an Earle of Worcester F. Frith called also New hall D. 14. sometime the Therlebyes now Richard Weekes Gentleman Lord Frowike by purchace Finchley D. 16. In the Church whereof lyeth the Lord Frowyke Lord chiefe Iustice of England in the time of H. 6. vnder a Marble toombe where hath beene his picture and armes in brasse with circumscription about the toombe but now defaced his armes onely remayning in the chauncell window in this manner There is also another Marble stone hauing the picture of a woman whereon is inscribed thus Ioan la feme Thomas de Frowicke gist icy le dit Thomas Pense de giser aueque luy There lyeth also buried vnder a Marble stone in the Chauncell of the Church one Thomas Aldenham Esquire sometime Chirurgion to King Henrie the sixt who died in Anno 1431. Thomas Aldeuham his armes Fryarne Barnet C. 18. ** Fryarne Mannor C. 18. Sir Iohn Popham knight Lord chiefe Iustice of England sometime maketh there his abode ** The Folde B. 16. the house of Fulham H. 16. of the Saxons called fullonham which as Master Camden taketh it signifieth Volucrum domus the habitacle of birdes or the place of fowles fullon and fuglas in the Saxon toong doe signifie fowles and Ham or Hame as much as home in our toong So that fullon Ham or fuglasHame is as much to saie as the home house or habitacle of fowle It may be also taken for Volucrum amnis the riuer of fowle for Ham also in many places signifieth Amnis a riuer But it is most probable it should be of lande fowle which vsually haunt groues and clusters of trees whereof in this place it see-meth hath beene plentie * There is an auncient house belonging to the sea of London moated aboute Henry the
colde water It is called in some records Kullebourne In the time of H. the 1. Herbert abbot of Westminster by permission of Gylbert byshop of London and by consent of the conuent graunted to 3. Maides the Hermitage there which one Gorbone builded with all the lande of that place Kingesburie E. 12. LONDON â—â—â—â—ers Grocers Drapers Fishmongers Goldsmiths Skinners Merchantaylors Haberdashers Salters Ironmongers Vintners Clothworkers Pieter Vanden Keere fecit 1593. 〈◊〉 one of the forâ—â—â—â— 12 Compaines 〈◊〉 Lo. Mayor 〈◊〉 Cyte comenly 〈…〉 a. Bushops gate streete b. Papie c. Alballowes in the wall d. S Taphyns e. Sylner sheete f. Aldermanburye g. Barbican h Aldesgate streete i Charterhowse k Holborne Conduct l. Chauncery lane m. Temple barr n. Hobourn o. Grayes Inn lane p. S Androwes q. Newgate r. S. Iones s S Nic shambels t. Cheap syde u. Bucklers bury w. Brodestreele x. The stockes y. The Exchanng z. Cornehill 2. Colmanstreete 3. Bassings hall 4. Honnsditche 5. Leadon hall 6. Gratious streete 7. Heneage house 8. Fancshurche 9. Marke lane 10. Minchyn lane 11. Paules 12. Easteheape 13. Eleestreete 14. Fetier lane 15. S. Dunshous 16. Themes sh treete 17. LoÌ„don stone 18. Olde Baylye 19. Clerkenwell 20. Wâ—nchester 〈◊〉 21. Battle hriage 22. Bermodsoy streete Ioannes 〈◊〉 descripsâ—â—â— Kenton E. 10. Knightesbridge G. 18. Densington G. 16. Kingstonwyke K. 14. It is a Hamlet neere Kingstone vpon Thamis standing in MYDDLESEX and is so called Wike whence deriued for that it is a rowe of houses leading into Kingstone which rowe of houses in Lattine is called Vicus in our toong Vyke or Wyke of the Saxons pyc Vadianus an excellent Geographer Vadian Cosme saith that Vicus in opido via est domorum seriem complexa Vike is a way or passage in a towne being orderly compact of houses which we also cala streete In Rome are divers of these streetes as Vicus affricus Vicus ciprius Vicus celeratus Vicus sceleratus Roma Kenton K. 10. L. London F. 20. the most famous Citie in all Brytaine which Erasmus vpon the Proverbe Rhodii sacrificium saith is deducted of Lindus a citie of the I le of Rhodes Stephanus calleth it Lyndonium the Saxons Londenscaster Londenbiryg LondenÆ¿yc Ptolomey Cornelius Tacitus and Antonius Londiniu and Longidinium Amianus Londinum the Welchmen Lundayne we call it London Ieffrey of Monmouth Troia nova or Ternouantum Newe Troy some call it Luddes-Towne of Ludde the eldest sonne of Helie Leland taketh it to be Trenouans new Towne for that in the british toong Tre signifieth a towne M. Camden seemeth in some sort to yeelde that it should be called London of the British word Lhwn which signifieth a woode or else he will haue it London or Londinum of the British word Lhong which signifieth ships or shipping in regarde that our Thamis yeeldeth such apt accesse for ships euen to the citie There is great varietie among writers who first founded this Citie Some will haue Brute the Troian to be first builder of it but Brute and his historie is meerely reiected of manie in our daies It was reedefied by Lud in the yeere of the worlds creation 5131. Bale who builded the wals about it and erected Ludgate who also changed the name of Trenouant into Luddestowne now London for which alteration of Troye to Luddestowne Gildas Galfrid Monuni ponticus Brit. hist. lib. 1. great contention arose among the Britons as reporteth Gildas and others But our late writers will not consent heereunto Insomuch as this famous Citie lacketh the truth of it foundation as many other famous monuments also do But it nowe reteineth the name of London famous through the whole worlde A Citie of great Marchandize populous rich and beautifull This Citie was burned and greatly wasted by the host of the pagan Danes in the time of king Alphred Greg. in past London burned as reporteth Gregory in his Pastorale about the yeere of Christ 872. London reedefied This Alphred about the yeere 886. in the 35. yeere of his natiuitie reedefied this Citie beautifieng the same with faire buildings and committed the custody thereof to Alphred Earle of Mercia Fabyan as the same Gregorie reporteth A great part of London was againe burned about the yeere of Christ 981. At what time it had most buildings from Ludgate towards Westminster and little where the heart of the Citie nowe is but buildings scattered heere and there out of forme and order So that it seemed inferior to diuers other Cities of this land as Lincolne Canterbury Yorke and others as by the role of Winchester appeereth But after the conquest it was reedefied and by the conquerour greatly increased So that by degrees it is become a most ample and stately Citie far excelling all other in this land This Citie was before the conquest made by William Duke of Normandy gouerned by Portreeues called of the Saxons portgerefas whom the Germans call Burgreues The gouernement of London which gouernement Richard the first altered and appoimed two baylifes Who in the time of King Iohn and by his command were discharged for a time by 35. elders or heads of the Citie for a contempt against the King But they were not long in disgrace but through their submission and the discreete handling of the matter by these 35. heads or elders of the Citie the King not onely forgaue the baylifes but granted vnto the Citie by his letters pattents that they should yeerely choose vnto the mselues a Ma yor which vsually is of one of the 12. companies mentioned in the Map of the Citie and two Shirifes who haue beene accustomed to take their oth vpon Saint Mathewes day nine daies befor Michelmas and vpon Michelmas day to take their charge but it is now otherwise The first Mayor was chosen in the tenth yeere of King Iohn The first Mayor of Lodnon Anno 1209. Euery May or was wont to be presented to the King wheresoeuer he was in England vntill Henrie the thirds time about Anno 1242. and before the King to be sworne after that it was referred to the Barons of the Exchequere and so continueth to this day Sir Iohn Allin knight twice Mayor of London gaue a coller of gold to be successiuely worne by the Mayor Anno 1544. In the time of H. 3. also the Aldermen of the Citie were or deined Alcermen of London who tooke rule of the particuler wardes thereof 25. in number and these Aldermen were yeerely changed as are the Shirifes but now it is otherwise which wardes and the parishes in them are these Tower ward S. Olafe Alhallowes at Berking S. Dunstane Billingsgate warde S. Botolph S. George in pudding lane S. Androw in Eastcheape S. Margaret Pattens S. Mary hill Dowgate warde S. Laurance Pountney Alhallowes the more Alhallowes the lesse Bridgestreete warde S. Bennet of grace Church S. Leonard in Eastcheape Newfishstreete S. Margaret in Bridgestreete S. Magnes in Bridgestreete Walbrooke warde S. Iohn in Walbrooke
is called Lodghill Lodghill sometime a fo rs for that thereon sometime stoode a lodge when the parke was replenished with Deare but it seemeth by the foundation that it was rather a castle then a lodge for the hill is at this day trenched with two deepe ditches now olde and ouergrowne with bushes the rubble thereof as bricke tile and Cornish slate are in heapes yet to be seene which ruines are of great antiquity as may appeere by the okes at this day standing aboue 100. yeeres grouth vpon the very foundation of the building It did belong to the bishop of London at which place haue beene dated diuers cuidences some of which remaine yet in the bishops regestrie as is said This parke hath beene replenished with stately timber trees in great aboundance now with the famous fort fallen to the ground as the Poet saith Euum cuncta rapit furtiuáque temporamutant Naturam fortem Nominaque faciem ** Ludraues b. 18. a faire house scytuate in a valley neere Enseylde chace belonging vnto Lymehouse G. 22. Lalam I. 8. Littleton I. 8. in regard of the quantitie it may be called Linletowne Linluon M. More hall E. 4. Mylhill D. 14. Muswell hill D. 18. called also Pinsenall hill there was a chapple sometime bearing the name of our Ladie of Muswell where now alderman Roe hath erected a proper house the place taketh name of the Well and of the hill Mousewell hill for there is on the hil a spring of faire water which is now within the compas of the house The Ladie of Muswell There was sometime an image of the ladie of Muswell whereunto was a continuall resort in the way of pylgrimage growing as is though as I take it fabulouslie reported in regard of a great cure which was performed by this water vpon a king of Seats who being strangely diseased was by some deuine intelligence aduised to take the water of a Well in England called Muswell which after long scrutation and inquisition this Well was found and performed the cure absolutely to denie the cure I dare not for that the high God hath giuen vertue vnto waters to heale infirmities as may appeere by the cure of Naaman the leper by washing himselfe seauen times in Iordan 2. King 1.14 Iohn 5.2 and by the poole Bethesda which healed the next that stepped thereinto after the water was mooued by the angell * Mockings called also the mannor of Mockings D. 22. an auncient house of the Lord Comptons moated about Morehatch A. 20. a hamlet of Enfeylde Marybone F. 18. Meerstreete F. 22. a member of Hackney N. Northend C. 16. a hamlet of Finchley ** Newington E. 20. there the Earle of Oxforde is sometime refident in a very proper house Neesdon or Neusdon E. 14. a house sometime the Elringtons Northolt lodge F. 6. Northolt F. 8. it soundeth Northwood for hols in the Germayne toung signifieth wood Norwood or Northwood F. 8. Norcote or Northcote G. 8. O. Olde forde F. 22. a village taking name of the forde or passage at that place ouer the riuer Lea in time past * Osterley or Oysterley G. 10. the house nowe of the ladie Greshams Osterley builded a faire and stately building of bricke erected by sir Thomas Gresham knight Citizen and Marchant aduenturer of London and finished about anno 1577. It standeth in a parke by him also impaled well wooded and garnished with manie faire ponds which affoorded not onely fish and fowle as swanes and other water foule but also great vse for milles as paper milles oyle milles and corne milles all which are now decaied a corne mill excepted In the same parke was a verie faire Heronrie for the increase preseruation whereof sundrie allurements were deuised and set vp fallen all to ruine P. Prnner E. 8. * Pymmes C. 20. a proper little house of the right Honorable Lord Burghley Lord high Treasurer of England Ponder sen B. 20. a hamlet of Enfeylds Potters bar A. 16. Preston E. 12. Peryuale or Pureuale F. 10. of this place is spoken before in the nature of the soyle of MYDDLESEX Paddington F. 16. Paddingwyke G. 14. for the the signification of Wyke see Kingstonwyke Pancras Church Pancras Church very auncient F. 20. standeth all alone as vtterly forsaken old and wetherbeaten which for the antiquitie therof it is thought not to yeeld to Paules in London about this Church haue bin manie buildings now decaied leauing poore Pancras without companie or comfort yet it is now and then visited with Kentish towne and Highgate which are members therof but they seldome come there for that they haue chappels of ease within themselues but when there is a corps to be interred they are forced to leaue the same in this forsaken church or churchyard where no doubt it resteth as secure against the day of resurrection as if it laie in stately Paules Pancras as dessolate as it standeth is not forsaken of all aprebrend of Paules accepeth it in right of his office Parsons greene H. 16. R. Riselip E. 16. S. Syon H. 12. was built by HENRIE the 5. sometimes a house of munkes Syon builded but this king expelled them and in t heir place established certaine virgins of Bridgets order and appointed of them so many with priests and lay brethren as were equall with the number of the Apostles and Disciples of Christ namelie of virgines 60. priests 13. deanes 4. lay brethren 8. which made 13. Apostles and 72. Disciples of Christ vpon whome hauing bestowed sufficient reuenues for their maintenaunce he made a lawe that they should not accept of any other gift but content themselues with his contribution and to bestow on the poore whatsoeuer was aboue that which might reasonably suffice them It is now a house of hir Maiesties standing most pleasantly vpon the riuer of Thamys It was called Syon in remembrance of that hill in Ierusalem which was called the Holy hill the mount of the Lord the Citie of Dauid Mouns Syon ** Swakeleys E. 6. sometime a house of the Brockeyes nowe fir Thomas Sherleyes Stanmer great D. 10. Stanmer little called also Whytechurch D. 10. South mymmes A. 14. there is a faire warren of conies of the Lo. Windsores Shackelwell E. 22. Shordich F. 20. Stretford on the bow F. 24. the bridge ouer the riuer lea Ree E. anno 22. is the Bow and thereof is called Stratford on the bow neere it is an olde church founded by HEN. 2. Stepney or Stybenhyth Sir Henry Collet knight buried or Stibonbeath F. 22. In the church thereof is buried sir Henry Collet knight twice Mayor of London who was father to Iohn Collet sometime Deane of Paules who alone builded Paules schoole his armes these There lyeth also the Lady Anne Wentworth wife to Thomas Lord Wentworth Stepney Lady Wentworth buried and daughter to Henry Wentworth Esquier She died the second of Sept. 1571. Sir Thomas Spers knight sometime Controler of the shipes to H. 8.
Tower hill was a monasterie called Eastminster Eastminster of the easterly standing thereof which was called also New abbey founded by EDW. 3. in the yeee 1359. There are within this temple diuers and sundrie most rare and princely monuments some of great antiquitie some also of later times increasing dailie Edward confessor buried among the rest there lieth EDWARD called also the Confessor who laboured before in this famous worke and caused his corps to be interred in the west part of the Church which when HEN. 3. had altred he caused the body of EDW. to be remooued to the place where now it resteth in the east part of the Church Also there lieth HEN. 3. Henry the third buried Tho. Walsing the finisher of this most famous worke whose tombe is there in most kingly manner erected by the dutifull endeuour and charge of EDW. 1. sonne of the said HEN. 3. and for that purpose he brought Iasper stones out of Fraunce wherewith he beautified his fathers sumptuous sepulchre in anno 1280. Manie other Kings and Queenes and persons of high state haue beene there buried of whome the whole catalogue to resite would be tedious There is in this temple a stone in forme of a chaire A stone chayre in S. Peters Church sometime seruing as the throne of the kings of Scots and wherein they were crowned which stone was brought out of Scone in Scotland by EDW. 1. sonne to HEN. 3. about anno 1297. which standeth not far from his fathers monument had in no little price at this day There is adioining vnto this famous temple A chappell of H. 7. in the east ende thereof a chappell erected by HEN. 7. which in regarde of the beautie and curious contriued worke thereof is called of Lelande Orbis miraculum The wonder of the worlde In this mirrour of art Orbis miraculum and archytect are many rare and glorious monuments of Kings and Queenes H. 7. buried among whom the famous founder HEN. 7. lieth vnder a most regall tombe framed artificially formed of bras richly guilded with pure gold Neere this chappell adioining vnto the Thamys was an olde famous building Olde pallace called nowe the Olde pallace which was consumed with fire in the time of EDW. the Confessor It was sometime the pallace of king CANVTVS the Dane Olde pallace king Canutus house also king of Denmarke and where he made his abode about the yeere of Christ 1035. after his returne from Rome into Englande who in regard of his quadruplicitie of kingdomes esteemed himselfe more than a man mortall for his Scicophants had so bewitched him with their inchaunted flatteries that he deemed himselfe no lesse then a God The pride of Cauntus And in this proud conceit on a day he passed by the Thamys which ran by that pallace at the flowing of the tide making staie neere the water the waues cast foorth some part of the water towards him this CANVTVS coniured the waues by his regall commaunde to proceede no farther the Thamys vnacquainted with this newe God held on it course flowing as of custome it vsed to do and refrained not to assayle him neere to the knees whereat this high conceited man as one amazed begon to tremble starting backe protesting that hee was but a man though a mightie king And that he that gouerned those waters was onely worthie to be called a king and all mortall men most mightie kings ought to subiect them vnto him A woorthie note whereby is seene howe the almightie Iehouah by his weake creatures maketh to stoope the most puissant in his owne conceite Some part of this old pallace is yet standing as S. Stephens chappel and other buildings vpon the Thamys neere vnto which is a most famous hall called Westminster hall which was so called for that it was Aularegis a kings court but as touching the founder is great varietie Some affirme that WILLIAM RVFVS builded it E. S. de reb Br. but M. Camden affirmeth that Hoc quod nunc habemus pretorim RIC. 2. diruto vetustiori extruxit suaeque habitationi dicauit RIC. 2. built it and made it his mansion house But me thinks it is to be gathered by the words of Thomas Walsingham Tho. Wals hist. Aug. that Westminster hall was in the time of EDW. the 2. where he saith Si ipsi Barones cum suis assentatoribus in aula Westmonasterii pleno parliamento venirent c. whereby it appeereth that Westminster hall and the place of parlament there was 64. yeeres before RIC. 2. But some may say that the great Hall that nowe is Tho. Wals Ypodigni New pag. 49. was not in those daies but the Hall that is nowe called White hall where the Court of of Requests is now kept To answere that the same Thomas saith Rex E. 1. Celebrauit penticostes in aula magna apud Westmonasterium whereby he maketh a distinction betweene those two hals for the White hall was called also Aula parva the little hall which two hals and other buildings thereunto adioining were vsed by RIC. the 2. who caused all controuersies there to be heard who as all other kings in those daies sat in iudgemēt Kings sat in Court to heare and determine causes whersoeuer the king was in person there was the place of hearing and determining causes sauing that the common plees were by HEN. 3. appointed to be heard in a place certaine as appeereth in magna Charta where it is saide Communia placita non sequntur Curiam nostram Sed teneantur in aliquo loco certo But at this day all causes of whatsoeuer nature for the most part are heard and determinable at this place as a place certeine S. Stephens chappelli Betweene Westminster hall and the Thamys is a chapple of S. Stephens sometime verie beautifull though now in the outwarde shewe something defaced It was reedefied and augmented by EDW. 3. when he came victor out of Fraunce about the yeere of Christ 1347. Westminster had sometime a house of monkes who were remooued thence by HEN. 7. and a Deane with certaine Prebends established Westminster a Bushops sea In the time of EDWARD 6. it was made a bishops See but shortlie after it came againe to a Deane and Prebends Againe Queene MARIE ordeined there an Abbot and his munkes who continued not manie yeeres but were againe cut off by acte of Parleament Lastly our most gratious Queene ELIZABETH made it a collegiate Church instituting a Deane twelue Prebends twelue well deseruing soldiers and fortie schollers who are thereby termed The Queenes schollers who as they become woorthie are preferred to the Vniuersities All which pupils as long as they continue in this colledge are vnder the Deane now D. Goodman Alex. Neuell Norwic. Alexander Neuell Norwic. affirmeth that the Bishops of Caunterburie in the time of RIC. the 1. did make their most abode at Westminster as they do nowe at