quarter_n of_o england_n and_o into_o a_o great_a number_n of_o hand_n according_a to_o the_o exigence_n of_o trade_n if_o money_n be_v to_o be_v hire_v as_o land_n be_v or_o to_o be_v have_v as_o corn_n or_o wool_n from_o the_o owner_n himself_o and_o know_v good_a security_n be_v give_v for_o it_o it_o may_v then_o probable_o be_v have_v at_o the_o market_n which_o be_v the_o true_a rate_v and_o will_v be_v a_o constant_a gauge_v of_o your_o trade_n and_o wealth_n but_o when_o a_o kind_n of_o monopoly_n by_o consent_n have_v put_v this_o general_a commodity_n into_o a_o few_o hand_n it_o may_v need_v regulation_n though_o what_o the_o state_v rate_n of_o interest_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o constant_a change_n of_o affair_n and_o flux_n of_o money_n be_v hard_o to_o determine_v possible_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v as_o a_o reasonable_a proposal_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v within_o such_o bound_n 〈…〉_z quite_o lâ—t_v up_o the_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n profit_n and_o discourage_v their_o industry_n nor_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n so_o low_a as_o shall_v hinder_v man_n from_o risque_a their_o money_n in_o other_o man_n hand_n and_o so_o rather_o choose_v to_o keep_v it_o out_o of_o trade_n than_o venture_v it_o upon_o so_o small_a profit_n when_o it_o be_v too_o high_a it_o so_o hinder_v the_o merchant_n gain_n that_o he_o will_v not_o borrow_v when_o too_o low_a it_o so_o hinder_v the_o moneyed_a man_n profit_n that_o he_o will_v not_o lend_v and_o both_o these_o way_n it_o be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o trade_n but_o this_o be_v perhaps_o too_o general_a and_o loose_a a_o rule_n let_v i_o add_v that_o if_o one_o will_v consider_v money_n and_o land_n alone_o in_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o perhaps_o it_o be_v now_o at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o as_o good_a a_o proportion_n as_o be_v possible_a six_o per_fw-la cent._n be_v a_o little_a high_o than_o land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n which_o be_v the_o rate_v pretty_a near_o that_o land_n have_v general_o carry_v in_o england_n it_o never_o be_v much_o over_o nor_o under_o for_o suppose_v 100_o l._n in_o money_n and_o land_n of_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v of_o equal_a value_n which_o be_v land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o make_v their_o value_n true_o equal_a that_o they_o shall_v produce_v a_o equal_a income_n which_o the_o 100_o l._n at_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n interest_n be_v not_o likely_a to_o do_v 1._o because_o of_o the_o many_o and_o sometime_o long_a interval_n of_o barrenness_n which_o happen_v to_o money_n more_o than_o land_n money_n at_o use_n when_o return_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o owner_n usual_o lie_v dead_a there_o till_o he_o get_v a_o new_a tenant_n for_o it_o and_o can_v put_v it_o out_o again_o and_o all_o this_o time_n it_o produce_v nothing_o but_o this_o happen_v not_o to_o land_n the_o grow_a product_n whereof_o turn_v to_o account_v to_o the_o owner_n even_o when_o it_o be_v in_o his_o hand_n or_o be_v allow_v for_o by_o the_o tenant_n antecedent_o to_o his_o enter_v upon_o the_o farm_n for_o though_o a_o man_n who_o borrow_v money_n at_o midsummer_n never_o begin_v to_o pay_v his_o interest_n from_o our_o lady-day_n or_o one_o moment_n backward_o yet_o he_o who_o rent_n a_o farm_n at_o midsummer_n may_v have_v as_o much_o reason_n to_o begin_v his_o rent_n from_o our_o lady-day_n as_o if_o he_o have_v then_o enter_v upon_o it_o beside_o the_o dead_a interval_n of_o cease_v profit_n which_o happen_v to_o money_n more_o than_o land_n there_o be_v another_o reason_n why_o the_o profit_n and_o income_n of_o money_n let_v out_o shall_v be_v a_o little_a high_o than_o that_o of_o land_n and_o that_o be_v because_o money_n out_o at_o interestâ—â—â—s_n â—â—â—s_z a_o great_a risque_n than_o land_n do_v the_o â—oâ—â—ower_n may_v break_v and_o run_v away_o with_o the_o money_n and_o then_o not_o only_o the_o 〈◊〉_d due_a but_o all_o the_o future_a profit_n with_o the_o principal_a be_v lose_v forever_o but_o in_o land_n a_o man_n can_v lose_v but_o the_o rent_n due_a for_o which_o usual_o too_o the_o stock_n upon_o the_o land_n be_v sufficient_a security_n and_o if_o a_o tenant_n run_v away_o in_o arrear_n of_o some_o rent_n the_o land_n remain_v that_o can_v be_v carry_v away_o or_o lose_v shall_v a_o man_n purchase_v good_a land_n in_o middlesex_n of_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n and_o other_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n or_o elsewhere_o of_o the_o same_o yearly_a value_n but_o so_o situate_v that_o it_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v swallow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v utter_o lose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unreasonable_a he_o shall_v expect_v to_o have_v it_o under_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n suppose_v 16_o ½_o this_o be_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o just_a the_o case_n of_o land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n and_o money_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n where_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o secure_v one_o money_n may_v well_o be_v allow_v that_o advantage_n of_o great_a profit_n and_o therefore_o perhaps_o the_o legal_a interest_n now_o in_o england_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent_z be_v as_o reasonable_a and_o convenient_a a_o rate_n as_o can_v well_o be_v set_v by_o a_o stand_a rule_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o law_n require_v not_o a_o man_n to_o pay_v six_o per_fw-la cent_z but_o tie_v up_o the_o lender_n from_o take_v more_o so_o that_o if_o ever_o it_o fall_v of_o itself_o the_o moneyed_a man_n be_v sure_a to_o find_v it_o and_o his_o interest_n will_v be_v bring_v down_o to_o it_o high_a interest_n be_v think_v by_o some_o a_o prejudice_n to_o trade_n but_o if_o we_o will_v look_v back_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o england_n never_o thrive_v so_o well_o nor_o be_v there_o ever_o bring_v into_o england_n so_o great_a a_o increase_n of_o wealth_n since_o as_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n i._o and_o king_n charles_n i._o time_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 10_o and_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n i_o will_v not_o say_v high_a interest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o for_o i_o rather_o think_v that_o our_o thrive_a trade_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o high_a interest_n every_o one_o crave_v money_n to_o employ_v in_o a_o profitable_a commerce_n but_o this_o i_o think_v i_o may_v reasonable_o infer_v from_o it_o that_o lower_v of_o interest_n be_v not_o a_o sure_a way_n to_o improve_v either_o our_o trade_n or_o wealth_n to_o this_o i_o hear_v some_o say_v that_o the_o dutch_a skilful_a in_o all_o art_n of_o promote_a trade_n to_o out_o do_v we_o in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o advancement_n of_o it_o have_v observe_v this_o rule_n that_o when_o we_o fall_v interest_n in_o england_n from_o 10_o to_o 8._o they_o present_o sink_v interest_n in_o holland_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o again_o when_o we_o lower_v it_o to_o 6_o they_o fall_v it_o to_o 3_o per_fw-la cent._n thereby_o to_o keep_v the_o advantage_n which_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n give_v to_o trade_n from_o whence_o these_o man_n ready_o conclude_v that_o the_o fall_n of_o interest_n will_v aâ—â—ance_v trade_n in_o england_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o this_o look_n like_o a_o argument_n rather_o make_v for_o the_o present_a occasion_n to_o mislead_v those_o who_o be_v credulous_a enough_o to_o swallow_v it_o than_o arise_v from_o 〈◊〉_d reason_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n for_o if_o lower_a interest_n be_v so_o advantageous_a to_o trade_n why_o do_v the_o dutch_a so_o constant_o take_v their_o measure_n only_o by_o we_o and_o not_o as_o well_o by_o some_o other_o of_o their_o neighbour_n with_o who_o they_o have_v as_o great_a or_o great_a commerce_n than_o with_o we_o this_o be_v enough_o at_o first_o sight_n to_o make_v one_o suspect_v this_o to_o be_v dust_n only_o raise_v to_o throw_v in_o people_n eye_n and_o a_o suggestion_n make_v to_o serve_v a_o purpose_n for_o 2._o it_o will_v not_o be_v find_v true_a that_o when_o we_o abate_v interest_n here_o in_o england_n to_o 8._o the_o dutch_a sink_v it_o in_o holland_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n by_o law_n or_o that_o there_o be_v any_o law_n make_v in_o holland_n to_o limit_v the_o rate_n of_o interest_n to_o 3_o per_fw-la cent._n when_o we_o reduce_v it_o in_o england_n to_o 6._o it_o be_v true_a john_n de_fw-fr witt_n when_o he_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o holland_n set_v himself_o to_o lessen_v the_o public_a debt_n and_o have_v actual_o pay_v some_o and_o get_v money_n in_o a_o readiness_n to_o pay_v other_o send_v notice_n to_o all_o the_o creditor_n that_o those_o who_o will_v not_o take_v 4_o per_fw-la cent._n shall_v come_v and_o receive_v their_o money_n the_o creditor_n find_v he_o in_o earnest_n and_o know_v not_o how_o
trade_n or_o else_o lie_v still_o too_o in_o great_a sum_n which_o be_v the_o same_o stop_n of_o money_n or_o a_o great_a add_v to_o this_o that_o to_o pay_v the_o creditor_n that_o lend_v he_o his_o rent_n he_o must_v gather_v up_o money_n by_o degree_n as_o the_o sale_n of_o his_o commodity_n shall_v bring_v it_o in_o and_o so_o make_v a_o great_a stop_n and_o great_a want_n of_o money_n since_o the_o borrow_a money_n that_o pay_v the_o landholder_n the_o 25_o of_o march_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o lie_v still_o some_o time_n in_o the_o creditor_n hand_n before_o he_o lend_v it_o the_o tenant_n and_o the_o money_n that_o pay_v the_o creditor_n three_o month_n after_o must_v lie_v still_o some_o time_n in_o the_o tenant_n nor_o do_v the_o landlord_n pay_v away_o his_o rent_n usual_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o receive_v it_o but_o by_o degree_n as_o his_o occasion_n call_v for_o it_o we_o can_v but_o suppose_v that_o between_o the_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n there_o must_v necessary_o be_v at_o least_o ¼_n of_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o the_o land_n constant_o in_o their_o hand_n indeed_o consider_v that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o england_n be_v pay_v at_o our_o lady-day_n and_o michaelmas_n and_o that_o the_o same_o money_n which_o pay_v i_o my_o rent_n from_o my_o tenant_n the_o 25_o of_o march_n or_o thereabouts_o can_v pay_v my_o next_o neighbour_n his_o rent_n from_o his_o tenant_n at_o the_o same_o time_n much_o less_o one_o more_o remote_a in_o another_o country_n it_o may_v seem_v requisite_a to_o suppose_v half_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v necessary_o employ_v in_o pay_v of_o rent_n for_o to_o say_v that_o some_o tenant_n break_v and_o pay_v not_o their_o rent_n at_o all_o and_o other_o pay_v not_o till_o two_o three_o four_o five_o six_o etc._n etc._n month_n after_o quarter-day_n and_o so_o the_o rent_n be_v not_o all_o pay_v at_o one_o time_n be_v no_o more_o than_o to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v money_n want_v to_o the_o trade_n for_o if_o the_o tenant_n fail_v the_o landlord_n he_o must_v fail_v his_o creditor_n and_o he_o he_o and_o so_o on_o till_o somebody_o break_v and_o so_o trade_n decay_n for_o want_v of_o money_n but_o since_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v in_o the_o owner_n hand_n who_o neither_o pay_n nor_o receive_v great_a sum_n for_o it_o at_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o because_o too_o which_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n we_o be_v not_o to_o consider_v here_o how_o much_o money_n be_v in_o any_o one_o man_n or_o any_o one_o sort_n of_o man_n hand_n at_o any_o one_o time_n for_o that_o at_o other_o tâ—mes_n may_v be_v distribute_v into_o other_o hand_n and_o serve_v other_o part_n of_o trade_n but_o how_o much_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v in_o each_o man_n hand_n all_o the_o year_n round_o take_v one_o time_n with_o another_o i._n e._n have_v 200_o l._n in_o his_o hand_n one_o month_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v as_o 100_o l._n in_o his_o hand_n three_o month_n and_o so_o proportionable_o i_o think_v we_o may_v well_o suppose_v ¼_n of_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n to_o be_v constant_o in_o the_o landlord_n or_o tenant_n hand_n â—_z by_o the_o by_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v better_o for_o trade_n and_o consequent_o for_o every_o body_n â—or_a more_o money_n woâ—â—d_v be_v stir_v and_o less_o will_v do_v tâ—e_v business_n if_o rent_n be_v pay_v by_o 〈◊〉_d inâ—â—rvals_n than_o six_o month_n for_o suâ—â—â—sing_v i_o let_v a_o farm_n at_o 52_o l._n per_fw-la an._n iâ—_n my_o rent_n be_v pay_v half_o yearly_a there_o be_v reâ—â—â—â—ed_v 26_o l._n to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o payment_n of_o it_o in_o â—ne_a entire_a sum._n if_o it_o â—e_v pay_v well_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o pay_v well_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—nt_n of_o so_o 〈◊〉_d money_n to_o be_v spare_v to_o that_o purpose_n there_o be_v so_o much_o want_n of_o money_n and_o trade_n be_v still_o endamage_v by_o it_o a_o great_a part_n whereof_o must_v necessary_o lie_v still_o before_o it_o come_v out_o of_o my_o tenant_n chest_n to_o my_o hand_n if_o it_o be_v pay_v once_o a_o quarter_n 13_o l._n alone_o will_v do_v it_o and_o less_o money_n be_v lay_v up_o for_o it_o and_o stop_v a_o less_o while_n in_o its_o course_n but_o shall_v it_o be_v pay_v every_o week_n one_o single_a 20_o s._n will_v pay_v the_o rent_n of_o 52_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la whence_o will_v follow_v this_o double_a benefit_n first_o that_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o money_n will_v serve_v for_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o country_n and_o second_o that_o less_o of_o the_o money_n will_v lie_v still_o the_o contrary_a whereof_o must_v needs_o happen_v where_o grow_a debt_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o large_a distance_n and_o in_o great_a sum_n three_o as_o for_o the_o broker_n since_o they_o too_o must_v lay_v up_o the_o money_n come_v in_o by_o retail_n either_o to_o go_v to_o market_n and_o buy_v ware_n or_o to_o pay_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v which_o be_v often_o six_o month_n for_o those_o ware_n they_o have_v already_o we_o can_v suppose_v they_o to_o have_v less_o by_o they_o one_o with_o another_o than_o one_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o yearly_a return_v whether_o the_o money_n be_v their_o own_o or_o they_o be_v indebt_v so_o much_o or_o more_o it_o matter_n not_o if_o it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v have_v constant_o by_o they_o compare_v one_o time_n with_o another_o at_o least_o one_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o yearly_a return_n indeed_o in_o some_o great_a town_n where_o the_o banker_n be_v ready_a at_o hand_n to_o buy_v bill_n or_o any_o other_o way_n to_o lend_v money_n for_o short_a time_n at_o great_a interest_n there_o perhaps_o the_o merchant_n be_v not_o force_v to_o keep_v so_o much_o money_n by_o he_o as_o in_o other_o place_n where_o they_o have_v not_o such_o a_o supply_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v what_o money_n to_o do_v this_o must_v necessary_o be_v constant_o lodge_v in_o the_o banker_n hand_n to_o which_o if_o you_o add_v what_o part_n of_o the_o money_n of_o a_o country_n scholar_n of_o all_o sort_n woman_n gamester_n and_o great_a man_n menial_a servant_n and_o all_o such_o that_o do_v not_o contribute_v at_o all_o to_o trade_n either_o as_o landholders_n labourer_n or_o broker_n will_v unavoidable_o have_v constant_o in_o their_o hand_n it_o can_v well_o be_v think_v that_o less_o than_o one_o fifty_o part_n of_o the_o labourer_n wage_n one_o four_o part_n of_o the_o landholders_n yearly_a revenue_n and_o one_o twenty_o part_n of_o the_o broker_n yearly_o return_v in_o ready_a money_n will_v be_v enough_o to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o any_o country_n at_o least_o to_o put_v it_o beyond_o exception_n low_a enough_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o less_o than_o one_o moiety_n of_o this_o i._n e._n less_o than_o one_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o labourer_n yearly_a wage_n one_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o landholders_n yearly_a revenue_n and_o one_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o broker_n yearly_o return_v in_o ready_a money_n can_v be_v enough_o to_o move_v the_o several_a wheel_n of_o trade_n and_o keep_v up_o commeree_n in_o that_o life_n and_o thrive_a posture_n it_o shall_v be_v and_o how_o much_o the_o ready_a cash_n of_o any_o country_n be_v short_a of_o this_o proportion_n so_o much_o must_v the_o trade_n be_v impair_v and_o hinder_v for_o want_n of_o money_n but_o however_o these_o measure_n may_v be_v mistake_v this_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o multiply_a of_o broker_n hinder_v the_o trade_n of_o any_o country_n by_o make_v the_o circulation_n the_o money_n go_v large_a and_o in_o that_o circuit_n more_o stop_v so_o that_o the_o return_v must_v necessary_o be_v flower_n and_o â—cantier_a to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o trade_n beside_o that_o they_o eat_v up_o too_o great_a a_o share_n of_o the_o gain_n of_o trade_n by_o that_o mean_n starve_v the_o labourer_n and_o impoverish_v the_o landholder_n who_o interest_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o it_o be_v a_o settle_a unmoveable_a concernment_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o hinder_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a any_o one_o from_o sell_v any_o of_o our_o native_a commodity_n but_o he_o that_o make_v it_o shopkeeper_n in_o this_o be_v worse_o than_o gamester_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o keep_v so_o much_o of_o the_o money_n of_o a_o country_n constant_o in_o their_o hand_n but_o also_o make_v the_o public_a pay_v they_o for_o their_o keep_n of_o it_o though_o game_n too_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o trade_n as_o well_o as_o other_o reason_n may_v well_o deserve_v to_o be_v restrain_v since_o gamester_n in_o order_n to_o their_o play_n
neither_o more_o or_o less_o land_n money_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o commodity_n in_o england_n than_o there_o be_v before_o immediate_o by_o its_o change_n alter_v not_o at_o all_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o reference_n to_o commodity_n because_o the_o measure_n of_o that_o be_v only_o the_o quantity_n and_o vent_n which_o be_v not_o immediate_o change_v by_o the_o change_n of_o interest_n but_o only_o as_o the_o change_n of_o interest_n in_o trade_n conduce_v to_o the_o bring_n in_o or_o carry_v out_o money_n or_o commodity_n and_o so_o in_o time_n vary_v their_o proportion_n here_o in_o england_n from_o what_o it_o be_v before_o which_o be_v not_o in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v consider_v this_o be_v perfect_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o respect_n of_o consumable_a commodity_n but_o the_o better_a to_o understand_v it_o in_o its_o full_a latitude_n in_o respect_n both_o of_o consumable_a commodity_n and_o land_n too_o we_o must_v consider_v first_o that_o the_o value_n of_o land_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o by_o its_o constant_a production_n of_o saleable_a commodity_n it_o bring_v in_o a_o certain_a yearly_a income_n second_o the_o value_n of_o commodity_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o as_o portable_a and_o useful_a thing_n they_o by_o their_o exchange_n or_o consumption_n supply_v the_o necessary_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n three_o in_o mâ—râ—y_n there_o be_v a_o double_a value_n answer_v to_o both_o of_o these_o first_o as_o it_o be_v capable_a by_o its_o interest_n to_o yield_v we_o such_o a_o yearly_a income_n and_o in_o this_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o land_n the_o income_n of_o one_o be_v call_v renâ—_n of_o the_o other_o use_v only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o land_n in_o its_o soil_n be_v different_a as_o some_o fertile_a some_o barren_a and_o the_o product_n of_o it_o very_o various_a both_o in_o their_o sort_n and_o value_v too_o according_a as_o their_o quantity_n and_o vent_n vary_v but_o moneyâ—_n constant_o the_o same_o and_o by_o its_o interest_n give_v the_o same_o sort_n of_o product_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v capable_a of_o have_v a_o sixed_a yearly_a rate_n set_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o magistrate_n but_o â—and_n be_v not_o but_o though_o in_o the_o uniformity_n of_o its_o legal_a worth_n 100_o l._n of_o lawful_a money_n be_v all_o through_o england_n equal_a in_o its_o current_a value_n to_o any_o other_o 100_o l._n of_o lawful_a money_n because_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o law_n it_o will_v every_o where_o pass_v for_o as_o much_o ware_n or_o debt_n as_o any_o other_o hundred_o pound_n be_v capable_a to_o have_v its_o yearly_a hire_n value_v better_a than_o land_n yet_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o vary_a need_n and_o necessity_n of_o money_n which_o change_v with_o the_o increase_n or_o decay_v of_o money_n or_o trade_n in_o a_o country_n it_o be_v as_o little_a capable_a to_o have_v its_o yearly_a hire_n fix_v by_o law_n as_o land_n itself_o for_o be_v all_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n acre_n for_o acre_n equal_o good_a that_o be_v do_v constant_o produce_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o equal_o good_a hay_n or_o grass_n one_o as_o another_o the_o rent_n of_o it_o under_o that_o consideration_n of_o every_o acre_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a worth_n will_v be_v capable_a of_o be_v regulate_v by_o law_n and_o one_o may_v as_o well_o enact_v that_o no_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n shall_v be_v let_v for_o above_o 40_o s._n per_fw-la an._n as_o that_o no_o 100_o l._n shall_v be_v let_v for_o above_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la an._n but_o no_o body_n can_v think_v it_o fit_a since_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o equal_a value_n of_o that_o land_n it_o can_v that_o therefore_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n shall_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n for_o suppose_v all_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n or_o in_o england_n be_v all_o of_o so_o equal_a a_o worth_n that_o any_o one_o acre_n compare_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o any_o one_o other_o be_v equal_o good_a in_o respect_n of_o its_o product_n yet_o the_o same_o acre_n compare_v with_o itself_o in_o different_a time_n will_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o rent_n be_v of_o equal_a value_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o unreasonable_a thing_n if_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henryâ—_n â—_z the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n have_v be_v settle_v by_o a_o law_n according_a to_o the_o judge_v value_n of_o it_o at_o that_o time_n and_o the_o same_o law_n limit_v the_o rent_n perhaps_o to_o 5_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n have_v continue_v still_o the_o absurdity_n and_o impracticableness_n of_o this_o every_o one_o see_v at_o the_o first_o proposal_n and_o ready_o conclude_v within_o himself_o that_o thing_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o find_v their_o own_o priceâ—_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a in_o this_o their_o constant_a mutability_n for_o human_a foresight_n to_o seâ—_n rule_n and_o bound_n to_o thâ—_n constantly-varying_a proportion_n and_o use_v which_o will_v always_o regulate_v their_o value_n they_o who_o consider_v thing_n beyond_o their_o name_n will_v find_v that_o money_n as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o commodity_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o change_n and_o inequality_n nay_o in_o this_o respect_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o its_o value_n bring_v in_o by_o time_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o affair_n the_o rate_n of_o money_n be_v less_o capable_a of_o be_v regulate_v by_o a_o law_n in_o any_o country_n than_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n because_o of_o the_o quick_a change_n that_o happen_v in_o trade_n this_o too_o must_v be_v add_v that_o money_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o land_n can_v and_o so_o that_o be_v true_o worth_a 6_o or_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n this_o year_n which_o will_v yield_v but_o 4_o the_o last_o 2._o money_n have_v a_o value_n as_o it_o be_v capable_a by_o exchange_n to_o procure_v we_o the_o necessary_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n and_o in_o this_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commodity_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o it_o serve_v we_o common_o by_o its_o exchange_n never_o almost_o by_o its_o consumption_n but_o have_v not_o at_o all_o a_o more_o stand_v settle_a value_n in_o exchange_n with_o any_o other_o thing_n than_o any_o other_o commodity_n have_v but_o a_o more_o know_a one_o and_o better_o fix_v by_o name_n number_n and_o weight_n to_o enable_v we_o to_o reckon_v what_o the_o proportion_n of_o scarcity_n and_o vent_n of_o one_o commodity_n be_v to_o another_o for_o suppose_v as_o before_o that_o half_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v last_v year_n exchange_v for_o one_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n or_o for_o 15_o l._n weight_n of_o lead_n if_o this_o year_n wheat_n be_v 10_o time_n scarce_a and_o lead_v in_o the_o same_o quantity_n to_o its_o vent_n as_o it_o be_v be_v it_o not_o evident_a that_o half_a a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v still_o exchange_v for_o 15_o l._n of_o lead_n though_o it_o will_v exchange_v but_o for_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o he_o that_o have_v use_v of_o lead_n will_v as_o soon_o take_v 15_o l._n weight_n of_o lead_n as_o â—_o ounce_n of_o silver_n for_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o no_o more_o so_o that_o if_o you_o say_v that_o money_n now_o be_v 9_o 10_o less_o worth_a than_o it_o be_v the_o former_a year_n you_o must_v say_v so_o of_o lead_n too_o and_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o keep_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o money_n they_o be_v in_o before_o only_o this_o variation_n be_v first_o observe_v in_o money_n because_o it_o be_v the_o measure_n by_o which_o people_n reckon_v for_o call_v that_o half_a ounce_n of_o silver_n half_n a_o crown_n they_o be_v understand_v better_o when_o they_o say_v half_o a_o crown_n or_o two_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n will_v now_o but_o 1_o 10_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n but_o do_v not_o say_v that_o 15_o l._n of_o lead_n will_v now_o but_o 1_o 10_o of_o a_o busheâ—_n of_o wheat_n because_o it_o be_v not_o general_o use_v to_o this_o sort_n of_o reckon_a nor_o do_v theâ—_n say_v lead_n be_v less_o worth_a than_o it_o be_v though_o in_o respect_n of_o wheat_n lead_v be_v 〈…〉_z worse_o than_o it_o be_v as_o well_o as_o silver_n only_o by_o the_o tale_n of_o shilling_n we_o be_v better_o enable_v to_o judge_v of_o it_o this_o i_o suppose_v be_v the_o true_a value_n of_o mâ—â—ney_n when_o it_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o another_o in_o buy_v and_o sell_v where_o it_o run_v the_o same_o change_n of_o high_a and_o low_o as_o anâ—_n other_o commodity_n do_v for_o one_o equâ—â—_n quantity_n whereof_o you_o shall_v receive_v more_o or_o less_o of_o another_o commodity_n at_o onâ—_n time_n than_o you_o do_v at_o another_o in_o
money_n do_v not_o follow_v the_o standard_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o price_n of_o the_o market_n and_o man_n not_o observe_v the_o legal_a and_o force_v but_o the_o natural_a and_o current_a interest_n of_o money_n regulate_v their_o affair_n by_o that_o but_o why_o the_o rate_n of_o land_n do_v not_o follow_v the_o current_a interest_n of_o money_n require_v a_o far_a consideration_n all_o thing_n that_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v raise_v and_o fall_v their_o price_n in_o proportion_n as_o there_o be_v more_o buyer_n or_o seller_n where_o be_v a_o great_a many_o seller_n to_o a_o few_o buyer_n there_o use_v what_o art_n you_o will_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v sell_v will_v be_v cheap_a on_o the_o other_o side_n turn_v the_o table_n and_o raise_v up_o a_o great_a many_o buyer_n for_o a_o few_o seller_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n will_v immediate_o grow_v dear_a this_o rule_n hold_v in_o land_n as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o commodity_n and_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o england_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o land_n in_o some_o place_n be_v at_o seventeen_o or_o eighteen_o year_n purchase_n it_o be_v about_o other_o where_o there_o be_v profitable_a manufacture_n at_o two_o or_o three_o and_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n because_o there_o man_n thrive_v and_o get_v money_n by_o their_o industry_n and_o willing_a to_o leave_v their_o estate_n to_o their_o child_n in_o land_n as_o the_o sure_a and_o most_o last_a provision_n and_o not_o so_o liable_a to_o casualty_n as_o money_n in_o untrade_n or_o unskilful_a hand_n there_o be_v many_o buyer_n ready_a always_o to_o purchase_v but_o few_o seller_n for_o the_o land_n thereabouts_o be_v already_o possess_v by_o that_o sort_n of_o industrious_a and_o thrive_a man_n they_o have_v neither_o need_n nor_o will_v to_o sell_v in_o such_o place_n of_o manufacture_n the_o riches_n oâ—_n the_o one_o not_o arise_v from_o the_o squandr_a and_o waste_a of_o another_o as_o it_o do_v in_o other_o place_n where_o man_n live_v lazy_o upon_o the_o product_n of_o the_o land_n the_o industry_n of_o the_o people_n bring_v in_o increase_n of_o wealth_n from_o remote_a part_n make_v plenty_n of_o money_n there_o without_o the_o impoverish_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o when_o the_o thrive_a tradesman_n have_v get_v more_o than_o he_o can_v well_o employ_v in_o trade_n his_o next_o thought_n be_v to_o look_v out_o for_o a_o purchase_n but_o it_o must_v be_v a_o purchase_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n where_o the_o estate_n may_v be_v under_o his_o eye_n and_o within_o convenient_a distance_n that_o the_o care_n and_o pleasure_n of_o his_o farm_n may_v not_o take_v he_o off_o from_o the_o engagement_n of_o his_o call_v nor_o remove_v his_o child_n too_o far_o from_o he_o or_o the_o trade_n he_o breed_v they_o up_o in_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o place_n wherein_o thrive_a manufacture_n have_v erect_v themselves_o land_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o sell_v quick_a and_o for_o more_o year_n purchase_v than_o in_o other_o as_o about_o hallifax_n in_o the_o north_n taunton_n and_o exeter_n in_o the_o west_n this_o be_v that_o than_o which_o make_v land_n as_o well_o as_o other_o thing_n dear_a plenty_n of_o buyer_n and_o but_o few_o seller_n and_o so_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o contrary_n plenty_n of_o seller_n and_o few_o buyer_n make_v land_n cheap_a he_o that_o will_v just_o estimate_v the_o value_n of_o any_o thing_n must_v consider_v its_o quantity_n in_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n for_o this_o alone_a regulate_v the_o price_n for_o the_o value_n of_o any_o thing_n compare_v with_o its_o self_n or_o with_o a_o stand_a measure_n be_v great_a as_o its_o quantity_n be_v less_o in_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n but_o in_o compare_v it_o or_o exchange_v it_o with_o any_o other_o thing_n the_o quantity_n and_o vent_v too_o of_o that_o must_v be_v allow_v for_o in_o the_o computation_n of_o their_o value_n but_o because_o the_o desire_n of_o money_n be_v constant_o almost_o every_o where_o the_o same_o its_o vent_n vary_v very_o little_a but_o as_o its_o great_a scarcity_n enhanse_v its_o price_n and_o increase_v the_o scramble_v there_o be_v nothing_o else_o that_o do_v easy_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o it_o the_o lessen_v its_o quantity_n therefore_o always_o increaseâ—_n its_o price_n and_o make_v a_o equal_a portion_n of_o it_o exchange_v for_o a_o great_a of_o any_o other_o thing_n thus_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v no_o manner_n of_o settle_a proportion_n between_o the_o value_n of_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n and_o any_o other_o commodity_n for_o either_o vary_a its_o quantity_n in_o that_o country_n or_o the_o commodity_n change_v its_o quantity_n in_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n their_o respective_a value_n change_v i._n e._n less_o of_o one_o will_v barter_n for_o more_o of_o the_o other_o though_o in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o speak_v it_o be_v only_o say_v that_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n not_o of_o the_o money_n be_v change_v for_o example_n half_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n in_o england_n will_v exchange_v sometime_o for_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n sometime_o for_o ½_o sometime_o but_o ¼_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o it_o do_v equal_o whether_o by_o use_v it_o be_v apt_a to_o bring_v in_o to_o the_o owner_n 6_o 100_o of_o its_o own_o weight_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la or_o nothing_o at_o all_o it_o be_v only_o the_o change_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o wheat_n to_o its_o vent_n suppose_v we_o have_v still_o the_o same_o sum_n of_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n or_o else_o the_o change_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o our_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n suppose_v the_o quantity_n of_o wheat_n in_o respect_n to_o its_o vent_n be_v the_o same_o too_o that_o make_v the_o change_n in_o the_o price_n of_o wheat_n for_o if_o you_o alter_v the_o quantity_n or_o vent_n on_o either_o side_n you_o present_o alter_v the_o price_n but_o no_o other_o way_n in_o the_o world_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o be_v add_v increase_v or_o diminish_v of_o any_o good_a quality_n in_o any_o commodity_n that_o make_v its_o price_n great_a or_o less_o but_o only_o as_o it_o make_v its_o quantity_n or_o vent_v great_a or_o less_o in_o proportion_n one_o to_o another_o this_o will_v easy_o appear_v by_o two_o or_o three_o instance_n 1._o the_o be_v of_o any_o good_a and_o useful_a quality_n in_o any_o thing_n neither_o increase_v its_o price_n nor_o indeed_o make_v it_o have_v any_o price_n at_o all_o but_o only_o as_o it_o lessen_v its_o quantity_n or_o increase_v its_o vent_n each_o of_o these_o in_o proportion_n to_o one_o another_o what_o more_o useful_a or_o necessary_a thing_n be_v there_o to_o the_o be_v or_o wellbeing_a of_o man_n than_o air_n and_o water_n and_o yet_o these_o have_v general_o no_o price_n at_o all_o nor_o yield_v any_o money_n because_o their_o quantity_n be_v immens_o great_a than_o their_o vent_n in_o most_o place_n of_o the_o world_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o water_n for_o air_n still_o offer_v its_o self_n every_o where_o without_o restraint_n or_o enclosure_n and_o therefore_o be_v no_o where_o of_o any_o price_n come_v any_o where_o to_o be_v reduce_v into_o any_o proportion_n to_o its_o consumption_n it_o begin_v present_o to_o have_v a_o price_n and_o be_v sometime_o sell_v dear_a than_o wine_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o best_a and_o most_o useful_a thing_n be_v common_o the_o cheap_a because_o though_o their_o consumption_n be_v great_a yet_o the_o bounty_n of_o providence_n have_v make_v their_o production_n large_a and_o suitable_a to_o it_o 2._o nor_o do_v the_o add_v a_o excellency_n to_o any_o commodity_n raise_v its_o price_n unless_o it_o increase_v its_o consumption_n for_o suppose_v there_o shall_v be_v teach_v a_o way_n which_o shall_v be_v publish_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o every_o one_o to_o make_v a_o medicine_n of_o wheat_n alone_o that_o shall_v infallible_o cure_v the_o stone_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o discovery_n of_o this_o quality_n in_o that_o grain_n will_v give_v it_o a_o excellency_n very_o considerable_a and_o yet_o this_o will_v not_o increase_v the_o price_n of_o it_o one_o farthing_n in_o twenty_o bushel_n because_o its_o quantity_n or_o vent_n will_v not_o hereby_o to_o any_o sensible_a degree_n be_v alter_v 3._o neither_o do_v the_o increase_v of_o any_o good_a quality_n in_o any_o sort_n of_o thing_n make_v it_o yield_v more_o for_o though_o teasel_n be_v much_o better_a this_o year_n than_o they_o be_v last_o they_o be_v not_o one_o jot_n dear_a unless_o they_o be_v few_o too_o or_o the_o consumption_n of_o they_o great_a 4._o nor_o do_v the_o lessen_v the_o good_a quality_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o commodity_n lessen_v its_o price_n which_o be_v evident_a in_o hop_n that_o be_v
pass_v in_o trade_n be_v true_o one_o consist_v in_o proportion_n you_o alter_v this_o as_o you_o do_v all_o other_o proportion_n whether_o you_o increase_v one_o or_o lessen_v the_o other_o in_o all_o other_o commodity_n the_o owner_n when_o they_o design_v they_o for_o traffic_n endeavour_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v to_o have_v they_o vent_v and_o go_v i._n e._n remove_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o commerce_n and_o exchange_n by_o consumption_n exportation_n or_o lay_v up_o which_o vent_n be_v sometime_o slow_a and_o sometime_o quick_a but_o money_n never_o lie_v upon_o people_n hand_n or_o want_v vent_n for_o any_o one_o may_v part_v with_o it_o in_o exchange_n when_o he_o please_v the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o public_a and_o almost_o every_o body_n be_v to_o keep_v it_o from_o vent_v or_o consume_v i._n e._n exportation_n or_o hoard_v up_o which_o be_v its_o proper_a consumption_n the_o vent_n of_o money_n therefore_o be_v always_o sufficient_a or_o more_o than_o enough_o its_o quantity_n alone_o be_v enough_o to_o regulate_v and_o determine_v its_o value_n without_o consider_v any_o proportion_n between_o its_o quantity_n and_o vent_n as_o in_o other_o commodity_n 10._o therefore_o lessen_v of_o use_n not_o bring_v one_o penny_n of_o money_n more_o into_o the_o trade_n or_o exchange_n of_o any_o country_n but_o rather_o draw_v it_o away_o from_o trade_n and_o so_o make_v it_o less_o do_v not_o at_o all_o sink_v its_o value_n and_o make_v it_o buy_v less_o of_o any_o commodity_n but_o rather_o more_o 11._o that_o which_o raise_v the_o natural_a interest_n of_o money_n be_v the_o same_o that_o raise_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n i._n e._n its_o aptness_n to_o bring_v in_o yearly_a to_o he_o that_o manage_n it_o a_o great_a overplus_n of_o income_n above_o his_o rent_n as_o a_o reward_n to_o his_o labour_n that_o which_o cause_v this_o in_o land_n be_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o its_o product_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o same_o vent_n of_o that_o particular_a fruit_n or_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o product_n in_o proportion_n to_o a_o great_a vent_n of_o that_o single_a commodity_n but_o that_o which_o cause_v increase_v of_o profit_n to_o the_o borrower_n of_o money_n be_v the_o less_o quantity_n of_o money_n in_o proportion_n to_o trade_n or_o to_o the_o vent_n of_o all_o commodity_n take_v together_o &_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la 12._o the_o natural_a value_n of_o money_n as_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o yield_v such_o a_o yearly_a income_n by_o interest_n depend_v on_o the_o whole_a quantity_n of_o the_o then_o pass_v money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i._n e._n the_o general_a vent_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n but_o the_o natural_a value_n of_o money_n in_o exchange_v for_o any_o one_o commodity_n be_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o trade_n money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n design_v for_o that_o commodity_n in_o proportion_n to_o that_o single_a commodity_n and_o its_o vent_n for_o though_o any_o single_a man_n necessity_n and_o want_n either_o of_o money_n or_o any_o species_n of_o commodity_n be_v know_v may_v make_v he_o pay_v dear_a for_o money_n or_o that_o commodity_n yet_o this_o be_v but_o a_o particular_a case_n that_o do_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n alter_v this_o constant_a and_o general_a rule_n 13._o that_o suppose_v wheat_n a_o stand_a measure_n that_o be_v that_o there_o be_v constant_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o it_o in_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n we_o shall_v find_v money_n to_o run_v the_o same_o variety_n of_o change_n in_o its_o value_n as_o all_o other_o commodity_n do_v now_o that_o wheat_n in_o england_n do_v come_v near_o to_o a_o stand_a measure_n be_v evident_a by_o compare_v wheat_n with_o other_o commodity_n money_n and_o the_o yearly_a income_n of_o land_n in_o hen._n 7._o time_n and_o now_o for_o suppose_v 1_o hen._n 7._o n._n let_v 100_o acre_n of_o land_n to_o a._n for_o 6_o d._n per_fw-la an._n per_fw-la acre_n rack-rentâ—_a and_o to_o b._n another_o 100_o acre_n of_o land_n oâ—_n the_o same_o soil_n and_o yearly_a worth_n with_o the_o former_a for_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n per_fw-la acreâ—_n rack-rent_a a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n about_o that_o time_n be_v probable_o sell_v for_o about_o 6_o d._n it_o be_v then_o a_o equal_a rent_n if_o therefore_o these_o lease_n be_v for_o year_n yet_o to_o come_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o that_o pay_v 6_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n will_v pay_v now_o 50_o s._n per_fw-la an._n and_o he_o that_o pay_v a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n per_fw-la acre_n will_v pay_v about_o 25_o l._n per_fw-la an._n which_o will_v be_v neâ—r_n about_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o the_o landâ—_n be_v it_o to_o be_v let_v now_o the_o reason_n where_o of_o be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v ten_o time_n aâ—_n much_o silver_n now_o in_o the_o world_n the_o discovery_n of_o the_o west-indies_a have_v make_v the_o plenty_n as_o there_o be_v then_o it_o be_v 9_o 1â—_n less_o worth_a now_o than_o it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n that_o be_v it_o will_v exchange_v for_o 9_o 1â—_n less_o of_o any_o commodity_n now_o which_o bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n as_o it_o do_v 200_o year_n since_o which_o of_o all_o other_o commoditiesâ—_n wheat_n be_v likely_a to_o do_v for_o in_o england_n and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n wheat_n be_v thâ—_n constant_a and_o most_o general_a food_n not_o alter_v with_o the_o fashion_n not_o grow_v by_o chance_n but_o as_o the_o farmer_n sow_n more_o or_o less_o of_o it_o which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o proportion_n as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v guess_v to_o the_o consumption_n abstract_v the_o overplus_a of_o the_o precedent_a year_n in_o their_o provision_n for_o the_o next_o and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la it_o must_v needs_o fall_v out_o that_o it_o keep_v the_o near_a proportion_n to_o its_o consumption_n which_o be_v more_o study_v and_o design_v in_o this_o than_o other_o commodity_n of_o any_o thing_n if_o you_o take_v it_o for_o 7_o or_o 20_o year_n together_o though_o perhaps_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o one_o year_n cause_v by_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o season_n may_v very_o much_o vary_v it_o from_o the_o immediate_o precedent_n or_o the_o follow_v wheat_n therefore_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o grain_n which_o be_v the_o constant_a general_a food_n of_o any_o other_o country_n be_v the_o fit_a measure_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o alter_a value_n of_o thing_n in_o any_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o wheat_n here_o rice_n in_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o fit_a thing_n to_o reserve_v a_o rent_n in_o which_o be_v design_v to_o be_v constant_o the_o same_o for_o all_o future_a age_n but_o money_n be_v the_o best_a measure_n of_o the_o alter_a value_n of_o thing_n in_o a_o few_o year_n because_o its_o vent_n be_v the_o same_o and_o its_o quantity_n alter_v slow_o but_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o grain_n can_v serve_v instead_o of_o mony_n because_o of_o its_o bulkiness_n and_o too_o quick_a change_n of_o its_o quantity_n for_o have_v i_o a_o bond_n to_o pay_v i_o 100_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n next_o year_n it_o may_v be_v ¾_n loss_n or_o gain_n to_o i_o too_o great_a a_o inequality_n and_o uncertainty_n to_o be_v venture_v in_o trade_n beside_o the_o different_a goodness_n of_o several_a parcel_n of_o wheat_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 14._o that_o suppose_v any_o island_n separate_v from_o the_o commerce_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n if_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o whatever_o else_o so_o it_o be_v last_v be_v their_o money_n if_o they_o have_v but_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o it_o and_o can_v get_v no_o more_o that_o will_v be_v a_o steady_a stand_a measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n 15._o that_o if_o in_o any_o country_n they_o use_v for_o money_n any_o last_a material_a whereof_o there_o be_v not_o any_o more_o to_o be_v get_v and_o so_o can_v be_v increase_v or_o be_v of_o no_o other_o use_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n do_v not_o value_v it_o and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v diminish_v this_o also_o will_v be_v a_o steady_a stand_a measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o other_o commodity_n 16._o that_o in_o a_o country_n where_o they_o have_v such_o a_o stand_a measure_n any_o quantity_n of_o that_o money_n if_o it_o be_v but_o so_o much_o that_o every_o body_n may_v have_v some_o will_v serve_v to_o drive_v any_o proportion_n of_o trade_n whether_o more_a or_o less_o there_o be_v counter_n enough_o to_o reckon_v by_o and_o the_o value_n of_o the_o pledge_n be_v still_o sufficient_a as_o constant_o increase_n with_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o commodity_n but_o these_o three_o last_o be_v build_v on_o supposition_n that_o be_v
dearness_n of_o food_n and_o labour_n in_o general_n in_o holland_n and_o the_o cheapness_n of_o it_o in_o england_n if_o n._n have_v 10000_o l._n in_o holland_n which_o the_o great_a advantage_n he_o can_v make_v of_o it_o in_o england_n either_o by_o use_n or_o purchase_n tempt_v he_o to_o transfer_v into_o england_n it_o be_v probable_a he_o will_v give_v as_o much_o to_o a_o merchant_n in_o holland_n to_o pay_v he_o 10000_o l._n in_o england_n as_o the_o insurance_n of_o that_o time_n between_o holland_n and_o england_n be_v worth_a which_o if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o country_n where_o the_o exportation_n of_o bullion_n be_v prohibit_v he_o must_v pay_v the_o more_o because_o his_o venture_n if_o he_o carry_v it_o in_o specie_fw-la will_v be_v great_a and_o upon_o this_o ground_n perhaps_o the_o prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o money_n out_o of_o england_n under_o penalty_n may_v be_v of_o some_o use_n by_o make_v the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n great_a upon_o those_o country_n who_o import_n upon_o we_o more_o than_o they_o export_v in_o commodity_n and_o so_o retain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o money_n which_o their_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n will_v carry_v away_o from_o we_o though_o after_o all_o if_o we_o be_v overballanced_a in_o trade_n it_o must_v go_v but_o since_o the_o holland_n merchant_n can_v receive_v n_o his_o 10000_o l._n in_o money_n in_o holland_n and_o pay_v he_o 10000_o l._n in_o england_n unless_o his_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n make_v englishman_n indebt_v to_o he_o 10000_o l._n in_o money_n which_o he_o be_v not_o like_a to_o take_v in_o commodity_n i_o think_v the_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n be_v that_o which_o chief_o raise_v the_o exchange_n in_o any_o country_n and_o that_o plenty_n of_o money_n in_o any_o country_n do_v it_o only_o for_o so_o much_o of_o the_o money_n as_o be_v transfer_v either_o to_o be_v let_v out_o to_o use_v or_o to_o be_v spend_v there_o and_o though_o lend_v to_o foreigner_n upon_o use_n do_v not_o at_o all_o alter_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n between_o those_o country_n yet_o it_o do_v alter_v the_o exchange_n between_o those_o country_n for_o so_o much_o as_o be_v lend_v upon_o use_n by_o not_o call_v away_o the_o money_n that_o shall_v follow_v the_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n but_o let_v it_o rest_v there_o as_o if_o it_o be_v account_v for_o all_o one_o as_o if_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n be_v for_o so_o much_o alter_v but_o this_o be_v not_o much_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o generâ—â—_n traffic_n between_o two_o nation_n or_o at_o leaâ—â—_n vary_v slow_a the_o merchant_n too_o regulate_v the_o exchange_n and_o not_o the_o usurer_n i_o suppose_v it_o be_v the_o present_a balance_n of_o trade_n on_o which_o the_o exchange_n immediâ—ately_o and_o chief_o depend_v unless_o some_o accident_n shall_v make_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n be_v remit_v at_o the_o same_o time_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o which_o will_v for_o the_o timeraise_n the_o exchange_n all_o one_o as_o a_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n and_o indeed_o when_o examine_v be_v general_o very_o little_a different_a from_o itâ—_n to_o be_v able_a to_o estimate_v the_o par_fw-fr with_o the_o rise_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o exchange_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v the_o intrinsic_a value_n iâ—_n how_o much_o silver_n be_v in_o the_o coin_n of_o thâ—_n two_o country_n by_o which_o you_o reckon_v and_o charge_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n sir_n if_o i_o have_v be_v lead_v a_o little_a too_o fâ—â—_n from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o in_o the_o consideratâ—â—on_n of_o money_n i_o beg_v your_o pardon_n hâ—_n puâ—â—â—_n that_o these_o particular_n will_v afford_v some_o ligâ—â—_n to_o our_o present_a subject_n to_o return_v to_o the_o price_n of_o land_n by_o which_o have_v be_v abovesaid_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o year_n purchase_v of_o land_n do_v not_o increase_v with_o the_o fall_n of_o interest_n and_o the_o abate_v that_o good_a quality_n in_o money_n of_o yield_v yearly_o six_o pâ—r_n cenâ—_n to_o four_o do_v not_o present_o so_o sink_v its_o value_n in_o respect_n of_o land_n that_o 1_o â—_o part_n more_o be_v require_v in_o exchange_n that_o be_v that_o fall_v of_o interest_n from_o six_o to_o four_o will_v not_o raise_v land_n from_o twenty_o to_o thirty_o year_n purchase_n the_o raise_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o price_n of_o land_n as_o of_o other_o thing_n depend_v much_o on_o the_o quantity_n of_o land_n set_v to_o sale_n compare_v with_o the_o quantity_n of_o money_n design_v for_o that_o traffic_n or_o which_o amount_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n upon_o the_o number_n of_o buyer_n and_o seller_n for_o where_o there_o be_v many_o seller_n and_o few_o purchaser_n though_o interest_n be_v lessen_v land_n will_v be_v cheap_a as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v at_o least_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o make_v a_o law_n to_o reduce_v interest_n will_v not_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o land_n it_o will_v only_o by_o drive_v it_o more_o into_o the_o banker_n hand_n leave_v the_o country_n bare_a of_o money_n whereby_o if_o the_o price_n of_o land_n about_o london_n shall_v be_v accident_o raise_v that_o of_o remote_a country_n will_v thereby_o have_v few_o purchaser_n and_o at_o low_a rate_n this_o be_v so_o that_o the_o low_a rate_n of_o land_n depend_v much_o on_o the_o great_a number_n of_o seller_n in_o proportion_n to_o purchaser_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v inquire_v into_o be_v what_o make_v plenty_n of_o seller_n and_o to_o that_o the_o answer_n be_v obvious_a general_a ill_a husbandry_n and_o the_o consequence_n of_o it_o debt_n if_o a_o neglect_n of_o government_n and_o religion_n ill_a example_n and_o deprave_a education_n have_v introduce_v debauchery_n and_o art_n or_o chance_n have_v make_v it_o fashionable_a for_o man_n to_o live_v beyond_o their_o estate_n debt_n will_v increase_v and_o multiply_v and_o draw_v with_o they_o a_o necessity_n on_o man_n first_o of_o encumber_v and_o then_o sell_v their_o estate_n this_o be_v general_o the_o cause_n why_o man_n part_v with_o their_o land_n and_o i_o think_v there_o be_v scarce_o one_o of_o a_o hundred_o that_o think_v of_o sell_v his_o patrimony_n till_o mortgage_n have_v pretty_a well_o eat_v into_o the_o freehold_a and_o the_o weight_n of_o grow_a debt_n force_v a_o man_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o out_o of_o his_o possession_n when_o almost_o be_v there_o ever_o a_o clear_a and_o unincumbred_a estate_n set_v to_o sale_n it_o be_v seldom_o a_o thrive_a man_n turn_v his_o land_n into_o money_n to_o make_v the_o great_a advantage_n the_o example_n of_o it_o be_v so_o rare_a that_o they_o be_v scarce_o of_o any_o consideration_n in_o the_o number_n of_o seller_n this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n when_o sobriety_n frugality_n and_o industry_n bring_v in_o daiâ—y_a increase_n to_o the_o grow_a wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n â—and_v keep_v up_o its_o price_n and_o sell_v for_o more_o year_n purchase_v than_o correspond_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o money_n then_o busy_o imployâ—d_v in_o a_o thrive_a trade_n which_o make_v the_o natural_a interest_n much_o high_a than_o it_o be_v now_o as_o well_o as_o the_o parliament_n than_o set_v it_o high_o by_o law_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n what_o make_v scarcity_n of_o purchaser_n 1._o the_o same_o reason_n ill_a husbandry_n when_o the_o tradesman_n live_v up_o to_o the_o height_n of_o his_o income_n and_o the_o vanity_n of_o expense_n either_o drain_v the_o merchant_n coffer_n or_o keep_v they_o from_o overflow_a he_o seldom_o think_v of_o purchase_v buy_v of_o land_n be_v the_o result_n of_o a_o full_a and_o satiate_v gain_n and_o man_n in_o trade_n seldom_o think_v of_o lay_v out_o their_o money_n upon_o land_n till_o their_o profit_n have_v bring_v they_o in_o more_o than_o their_o trade_n can_v well_o employ_v and_o their_o idle_a bag_n cumbr_v their_o count_a house_n put_v they_o upon_o empty_v they_o on_o a_o purchase_n 2._o another_o thing_n that_o make_v a_o scarcity_n of_o buyer_n of_o land_n be_v doubtful_a and_o ill_a title_n where_o these_o be_v frequent_a and_o fatal_a one_o can_v no_o more_o expect_v that_o man_n who_o have_v money_n shall_v be_v forward_o to_o purchase_v than_o ship_n rich_o lade_v to_o venture_v themselves_o among_o rock_n and_o quicksand_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n such_o sea_n shall_v not_o be_v much_o frequent_v where_o the_o example_n and_o remain_v of_o daily_a wreck_n show_v the_o â—olly_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o venture_n in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o who_o have_v miscarry_v 3._o a_o general_a decay_n of_o trade_n discourage_v man_n from_o purchasingâ—_n for_o this_o threaten_v a_o universal_a poverty_n which_o be_v sure_a to_o fall_v first_o and_o heavy_a upon_o land_n the_o merchant_n who_o furnish_v the_o
it_o so_o difficult_a with_o all_o the_o security_n he_o can_v bring_v to_o take_v up_o 1000_o l_o all_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o scarcity_n of_o money_n and_o bad_a security_n two_o cause_n which_o will_v not_o be_v less_o powerful_a to_o hinder_v borrow_v after_o the_o lower_a of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o any_o one_o can_v imagine_v how_o reduce_v use_n to_o four_o per_fw-la cent_z shall_v abate_v their_o force_n or_o how_o lessen_v the_o reward_n of_o the_o lender_n without_o diminish_v his_o risque_n shall_v make_v he_o more_o forward_o and_o ready_a to_o lend_v so_o that_o these_o mâ—n_z whilst_o they_o talk_v that_o at_o four_o 〈…〉_z mâ—n_z will_v take_v up_o and_o â—mploy_v more_o money_n to_o the_o public_a advantage_n do_v but_o 〈◊〉_d to_o multiply_v the_o number_n of_o borrower_n among_o we_o of_o which_o it_o be_v certain_a we_o have_v too_o many_o already_o whilst_o they_o thus_o set_v man_n a_o longing_n for_o the_o golden_a day_n of_o four_o per_fw-la cent_z methinks_v they_o use_v the_o poor_a indigent_a debtor_n and_o needy_a tradesman_n as_o i_o have_v see_v prattle_v jackdaw_n do_v sometime_o their_o young_a who_o kaw_v and_o flutter_v about_o the_o nest_n set_v all_o their_o young_a one_o a_o gape_a but_o have_v nothing_o in_o their_o empty_a mouth_n but_o noise_n and_o air_n leave_v they_o as_o hungry_a as_o before_o it_o be_v true_a these_o man_n have_v find_v out_o by_o a_o cunning_a project_n how_o by_o the_o restraint_n of_o law_n to_o make_v the_o price_n of_o money_n â…“_n cheap_a and_o then_o they_o tell_v john_n a_o nokes_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v 10000_o l._n of_o it_o to_o employ_v in_o merchandise_n or_o clothing_n and_o john_n a_o style_n shall_v have_v 20000_o l._n more_o to_o pay_v his_o debt_n and_o so_o distribute_v this_o money_n as_o free_o as_o diego_n do_v his_o legacy_n which_o they_o be_v to_o have_v even_o where_o they_o can_v get_v it_o but_o till_o these_o man_n can_v instruct_v the_o forward_a borrower_n where_o they_o shall_v be_v furnish_v they_o have_v perhaps_o do_v something_o to_o increase_v man_n desire_n but_o not_o make_v money_n one_o jot_n easy_o to_o come_v by_o and_o till_o they_o do_v that_o all_o this_o sweet_a jingle_n of_o money_n in_o their_o discourse_n go_v just_a to_o the_o tune_n of_o if_o all_o the_o world_n be_v oatmeal_n methinks_v these_o undertaker_n whilst_o they_o hauâ—_n put_v man_n in_o hope_n of_o borrow_v more_o plentiful_o at_o easy_a rate_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o their_o want_n and_o trade_n have_v do_v better_a to_o have_v bethink_v themselves_o of_o a_o way_n how_o man_n need_v not_o borrow_v upon_o use_n at_o all_o for_o this_o will_v be_v much_o more_o advantageous_a and_o altogether_o as_o feisible_a for_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o contrive_v in_o a_o country_n that_o want_v money_n in_o proportion_n to_o its_o trade_n how_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v supply_v with_o as_o much_o money_n as_o he_o need_v i._n e._n can_v employ_v in_o improvement_n of_o land_n pay_v his_o debt_n and_o return_v of_o trade_n for_o nothing_o as_o for_o four_o per_fw-mi cent_z as_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o distribute_v twenty_o pair_n of_o shoe_n among_o thirty_o man_n if_o they_o pay_v nothing_o for_o they_o at_o all_o as_o if_o they_o pay_v 4_o s._n a_o pair_n ten_o of_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n rate_n shall_v be_v reduce_v from_o 6_o s._n to_o 4_o s._n a_o pair_n will_v be_v necessitate_v to_o sit_v still_o barefoot_a as_o much_o as_o if_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v nothing_o for_o shoe_n at_o all_o either_o we_o have_v already_o more_o money_n than_o the_o owner_n will_v lend_v or_o we_o have_v not_o if_o part_n of_o the_o money_n which_o be_v now_o in_o england_n will_v not_o be_v lend_v at_o the_o rate_n interest_n be_v at_o present_a at_o will_v man_n be_v more_o ready_a to_o lend_v and_o borrower_n be_v furnish_v for_o all_o those_o brave_a purpose_n more_o plentiful_o when_o money_n be_v 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propose_v for_o increase_v of_o money_n except_o they_o intend_v to_o set_v up_o for_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n will_v be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o a_o distract_a man_n device_n that_o i_o know_v who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o distemper_n first_o discover_v himself_o to_o be_v out_o of_o his_o wit_n by_o get_v together_o and_o boil_v a_o great_a number_n of_o groat_n with_o a_o design_n as_o he_o say_v to_o make_v they_o plim_o and_o grow_v thick_a that_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z will_v raise_v army_n discipline_n soldier_n and_o make_v man_n valiant_a and_o fit_a to_o conquer_v country_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o with_o the_o spoil_n i_o think_v be_v never_o pretend_v and_o that_o it_o will_v not_o bring_v in_o more_o of_o our_o neighbour_n money_n upon_o loan_n than_o we_o have_v at_o present_a among_o we_o be_v so_o visible_a in_o itself_o that_o it_o will_v not_o need_v any_o proof_n the_o contender_n for_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z look_n upon_o it_o as_o a_o undeniable_a truth_n and_o make_v use_n of_o it_o as_o a_o argument_n to_o show_v the_o advantage_n it_o will_v be_v to_o the_o nation_n by_o lessen_v the_o use_v pay_v to_o foreigner_n who_o upon_o fall_v of_o use_n will_v take_v home_o their_o money_n and_o for_o the_o last_o way_n of_o increase_v our_o money_n by_o promote_a of_o trade_n how_o much_o lower_a of_o interest_n be_v the_o way_n to_o that_o i_o have_v i_o suppose_v show_v you_o already_o have_v late_o meet_v with_o a_o little_a tract_n entitle_v a_o letter_n to_o a_o friend_n concern_v usury_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1690_o which_o give_v in_o short_a the_o argument_n of_o some_o treatise_n print_v many_o year_n since_o for_o the_o lower_a of_o interest_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o brief_o to_o consider_v they_o 1._o a_o high_a interest_n decay_v trade_n the_o advantage_n from_o interest_n be_v great_a than_o the_o profit_n from_o trade_n which_o make_v the_o rich_a merchant_n give_v over_o and_o put_v out_o their_o stock_n to_o interest_n and_o the_o lesser_a merchant_n break._n answ._n this_o be_v print_v in_o 1621._o when_o interest_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o whether_o england_n have_v ever_o a_o more_o flourish_a trade_n than_o at_o that_o time_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o who_o have_v consider_v the_o grow_a strength_n and_o riches_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o q._n e._n and_o king_n i._o the_o one_a reign_n not_o that_o i_o impute_v it_o to_o high_a interest_n but_o to_o other_o cause_n i_o have_v mention_v wherein_o usury_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o if_o this_o be_v think_v a_o argument_n now_o in_o 1690_o when_o the_o legal_a interest_n be_v 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z i_o desire_v those_o who_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o to_o name_v those_o rich_a merchant_n who_o have_v give_v over_o and_o put_v out_o their_o stock_n to_o interest_n 2._o interest_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o in_o holland_z at_z 6_o our_o neighbour_n merchant_n undersell_v we_o answ._n the_o legal_a interest_n be_v here_o now_o at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o in_o holland_n not_o limit_v by_o law_n our_o neighbour_n merchant_n under-sell_a we_o because_o they_o live_v more_o frugal_o and_o be_v content_a with_o less_o profit_n 3._o interest_n be_v low_a in_o holland_n than_o in_o england_n their_o contribution_n to_o war_n work_v of_o piety_n and_o all_o charge_n of_o the_o state_n be_v cheap_a to_o they_o than_o to_o we_o answ._n this_o need_v a_o little_a explication_n contribution_n great_a or_o less_o i_o understand_v but_o contribution_n cheap_a or_o dear_a i_o confess_v i_o do_v not_o if_o they_o manage_v their_o war_n and_o charge_n cheap_a than_o we_o the_o blame_n be_v not_o to_o