the English that had not been slain into the Town The Castle being thus gained the Duke of Guise put a strong Garrison into it The English so soon as the Tide returned again which filled the Dikes stormed the Castle in hopes to regain that important Post and being beaten off they planted four Cannon against the Bridge and forced open the Castle-gate and then stormed it the second time but having lost two hundred of their best Men to no good purpose they then began to treat of a Surrender which at last was agreed The Governour and fifty others being to become Prisoners of War The Soldiery and Townsmen to be at liberty to pass into England or Flanders without any Injury as to their Lives or Liberties And all the Ammunition Cannon Housholdstuff Gold Silver Merchandise and Horse was to be left to the disposal of the Duke of Guise On these Conditions was Calais delivered up to the French the fourteenth of January 1557 58 when it had been two hundred and ten Years in the hands of the English The Place was no sooner yielded up but great numbers of Ships came over who understanding what had passed returned back King Philip had smelt the Design of the French upon this Place and had wrote to Queen Mary that he would put Succours into the Town but this was suspected by the English as a Design to get Calais into his own Hands and so his Prediction came to pass After Calais was taken they fell to consider Guines taken Whether they should attack Guines which was in the Hands of the English and lay two French Leagues from Calais to the South or Graveling a Town of Flanders three Leagues to the N. E. But they resolved to attempt Guines which was nearer and more necessary for the securing the Possession of Calais the Lord Gray was Governour of it who had a good Garrison and had received some Succours from King Philip yet at the first Attack he left the Town and fled into the Castle but whilst the French were plundering the Town returned again and drove them out and firing the Town returned into the Castle again which in a short time after he surrendred when he had eight hundred English Spanish and Flemmings to have continued the Defence of it but the Hearts of the English were down for Gray was reputed a good Soldier There was now nothing left to the English but a small Place call'd the Comte de Oye which had a Castle not strong but almost unaccessible as being surrounded with unpassable Marshes and which had no Passage but over a Timber-Bridge This Place lies almost two Leagues from Calais towards Graveling the Garrison of which never staid for a Summons but hearing of the loss of Guines fled and left the Place open and unguarded and Sipetra took possession of it without any further trouble for the French. Burnet calls this Castle Hammes and Thuanus Oye but the Castles of Hammes lay directly between Guines and Calais One Sir Edward Grimstone was then Comptroler of Calais and a Privy Counsellor and he had often given Advertisement of the ill condition of the Garrison but the Treasury was low the People discontented and the Thoughts of the Queen and her Council more set upon extirpating Heresie as they called it than upon preserving this important Post so it was lost and the Grief and Dishonour of this Misfortune sat so heavy upon the Spirits of the Queen that she never joyed after The next thing the French undertook was the taking of the Castle of Herbemont in the Forest of Ardenne belonging to the Count of Beilisteine which was very troublesome to the Inhabitants of Ivoy this enterprize succeeded well too and they took the Castle the sixteenth of February and after it several other small Places on the Frontiers were deserted by their Garrisons This Year a Fleet of one hundred and twenty Turkish Galleys loosed from Prevesa a Port of Epirus and passing by Brindisi took and plundred Reggio A Turkish Fleet land in several Places of Italy and carry many into Slavery a City in the South of Italy after which landing in the Bay di Surrneto they carried four thousand persons into Slavery among which was a great many Monks and Nuns The Grief and Shame of this was the greater because it was done in sight of Naples From thence it sailed to the Coast of Provence and having refreshed the Sailors it returned to Minorca and took the Town of Citadella with great difficulty and the loss of four hundred Men after which it returned in August into Turkey The French Fleet in the Mediterranean was able to do nothing for want of Money so the Fear was much greater than the Hurt The twenty fifth of May the Dauphine was married to Mary Queen of the Scots The Dauphine married to Mary Queen of Scotland yet the Scotch Ambassadors refused to promise under their Hands and Seals to procure the Dauphine in the next Convention of their States to be received and owned as King of Scotland and thereupon four of them dying soon after it was suspected that they had been poisoned Yet in the next Convention the thing was granted and the Earl of Argile was appointed to bring the Marital Crown into France But in the mean time Mary Queen of England dyed which occasioned a great Change in England France and Scotland The greatest part of the Scots were not pleased with this Marriage and the French too underhand disliked it as tending to the exalting the House of Guise and the depressing that of Montmorency and Gasper de Coligny Admiral of France who were both at this time Prisoners to King Philip. A meeting in the mean time being appointed at Perone between Christierna the Mother of the Cardinal of Lorraine and Perrenot Bishop of Arras for King Philip The first Proposals of a Peace between France and King Philip. and the Duke and Cardinal of Loraine for the French Perrenot deploring the progress of the Turkish Arms during this unfortunate War and above all things the increase of Heresie in France and the Netherlands cunningly offered the House of Guise their Assistance for the ruining Montmorency Coligny and Andelot as favourors of the Reformation when a Peace were once setled between these two Crowns The House of Guise hereby only seeking to aggrandize it self upon the Ruine of these three great Men and the Spaniards to imbroil and weaken France The Cardinal at his return acquaints the King with what concerned Andelot intermixing a mention of a Peace with it Henry II was a mild and most merciful Prince but had an implacable aversion for the Reformation which had been instilled into him in his Infancy by those who had the Care of him and he had before this heard something of Andelot's Inclinations to favour that Party and thereupon sent for him who waited upon the King at Monceaux a Castle near Meaux Andelot Marshal of France ruined by
Advantage upon the Banks of a small River by Mr. James Halleburton Provost of Dundee a Man of good Experience and Valour and therefore made General that day made so formidable an Appearance that the Regent durst not hazard a Battel against them By this time she saw to her Cost how necessary it was for Princes not to break their Faith. For when she would have gladly come to Peace there could no reliance be made upon her Promise and she had nothing else to engage And when they demanded the French might be sent away she said that she could not do it without order from the King of France So she was desired to withdraw the Garrison out of St. John's Town which when she refused the Protestants marched thither the Twenty fourth of June and in a few days took it From thence they march'd to the Abbey of Scone and took and sack'd it and being informed the Regent designed to put a French Garrison into Sterling they went in the night from St John's-Town thither and surprized it and ruined all the Monasteries Images and Altars They also changed the Religion at Lithgo Linlithgow in the way to Sterling and wheresoever they prevail'd The Regent and the French in the mean time retired from Edinburg to Dunbar expecting till this Storm should blow over and here they heard of the Death of Henry II of France The Protestants rejoyced at it as a thing that tended to their Safety but had like to have made it the occasion of their Ruine by withdrawing from the Army The Regent thereupon marched with her Forces to Edinburg and in the way had a fair opportunity to have fought and overthrown the remainder of their Army which was prevented by the Duke of Hamilton and James Earl of Dowglass The Twenty fourth of July a Truce was made to last till the Tenth of January which the Regent observed so much the more exactly because she found by Experience that the former breach of Promise had involved her in greater Difficulties and Distresses Yet even here she could not totally lay aside her old wont but broke Faith as far as she durst It is necessary here to Transcribe some of our English Affairs which relate to Scotland The English Affairs relating to Scotland that we may see how far and upon what Provocations Queen Elizabeth was concern'd Henry II of France had no sooner ended his War with King Philip but he began to cast an Eye upon England as very convenient for the Dauphin King his Son and Mary Queen of the Scots and on that Account refused to recall the French Forces out of Scotland as by the last Treaty he had promised but instead of that he sent more thither by stealth and was very earnest with the Pope to declare Queen Elizabeth an Heretick and Illegitimate and Mary the Lawful Heir of England which yet was diligently but under-hand oppos'd by the Imperial and Spanish Agents at Rome However the Guises never left exciting the credulous and ambitious Hopes of that Prince of Uniting the Crown of England to that of France by the means of Queen Mary their Heir till at last they prevail'd on him to assert openly the Pretences of his Son and Daughter-in-Law and to consent they might use this Title Francis and Mary by the Grace of God King and Queen of Scotland England and Ireland and to quarter the Arms of England with those of Scotland upon their Plate and on the Walls of their Palaces and the Coats of their Heraulds The English Embassador complain'd of this but to no purpose as tending to the great Injury of his Mistress with whom they had lately made a Peace they having never done it in the Life of Queen Mary though there was a War between the Nations That there were great numbers of Soldiers Listed in France and Germany to be Transported into Scotland upon the same Continent with England So that Queen Elizabeth had just reason to suspect the Intentions of the French who now breathed nothing but Blood and Death against the Protestants but that Prince's Designs whatever they were perished with him to the great Advantage of Queen Elizabeth who had otherwise been attack'd by all the Forces of France and Scotland both as Illigitimate and an Heretick Yet she ordered his Exequies to be celebrated at St. Paul's with great Solemnity and by Charles Son to the Lord Howard of Effingham her Envoy condol'd his Death congratulated the Succession of Francis his Son and promis'd to observe the Peace between them religiously Yet Francis the new King Fradcis II of France claims England in the Right of Mary his Wife and Mary his Wife the Queen of the Scots by the Advice of the Guises who now had got the Government of France in a manner into their Hands still continued the Claim of the Kingdoms of England and Ireland and the use of the Arms thereof more openly And when Throgmorton the English Embassadour in ordinany a Wise and Stout Man severely expostulated the Business They replyed Queen Mary might assume the Arms of England with some small Distinction to shew her near Relation to that Royal Blood. But he denyed this could be done by the Laws of Heraldry if the Person using the Arms of another Family was not derived from a certain Heir After this they pretended They only used these Arms to force the Queen to lay aside the use of the Arms of France To which he answered That twelve Kings of England as Dr. Woton shewed in the Treaty of Cambray had worn the Arms of France with so undoubted a Right that no opposition had been made to it in any Treaty between France and England At last by the Interposition of Montmorancy who was no Friend to the Guises he prevailed and the Title of England and Ireland and the use of the Arms of those Kingdoms was laid aside because that great Man thought It was not for the Honour of France to have any other Title or Arms assumed or engraven on their Seal than that of the King of France That this one Title was as good as many And he also shewed That the former Kings used no other tho' they claimed the Dutchy of Milan and the Kingdom of Naples But however from this Use of the Title and Arms of England imposed on this young Queen by the Arts of the Guises and the Ambition of Henry II as from a Fountain sprung all those Calamities which afterwards ruined her For from this Time Queen Elizabeth was a declared Enemy to the Guises and a concealed one to the Queen of Scots which last enmity was by the Malice of cunning Men a growing Emulation and new Occasions which every day sprung up so improved that at last it ended in her Death For Princes will endure no Rival and Majesty is very sensible of Affronts The French by the Treaty were to give four Hostages for the Restitution of Calais within eight Years but when it was
make a Speech for the three Estates 51. He opposeth the Progress of the Reformation 57. Procureth the Conference of Poissy 58. Disputes in it 60. Opposeth a National Council 64. Leaves the Court 65. Adviseth Mary Queen of Scots to leave her Jewels in France 66. Treats with the Protestant Princes of Germany 69. He goes to the Council of Trent 88. Visits the Emperor at Inspruck 90. He is ordered to defend the Peace of Orleans 91. He is gain'd over to the Pope's side 94. He goes to Rome ibid. Returns to Trent 96. M. MAns taken by the Protestants 74. Deserted 76. Mary Queen of England raiseth some Religious Houses 11. She joins with King Philip against France 14. Is advertised by him of the Designs of the French upon Calais 18. Makes an unfortunate attempt by her Fleet on France 21. She dies when there was a Parliament sitting 22. Mary Queen Regent of Scotland summoneth a Parliament 36. Breaks her Faith 37. She leaves Edinburg and goes to Dunbar 38. Reproaches the Lords of the Congregation for holding correspondence with the English 40. She is deposed 41. Her Death and Character 42. Mary Queen of Scotland Married to the Dauphine of France 19. Resolves to return into Scotland 65. Arrives there 66. Endeavoureth to restore Popery 67. Refuseth a Petition against it 99. Mary Queen of Hungary dies 36. Marriage of the Clergy why forbidden and continued so 97. Massacre at Vassy 70. Of Sens 74. Mills Walter the last Martyr in Scotland 24. Melancthon Philip dies 50. Minart Anthony a bloody Persecutor 30 31. He is shot dead in the Streets 34. Popish Misrepresentations of the Protestants in France 16 33 34. Montmorancy Constable of France averse to the Spanish War 14. Taken Prisoner in the Battel of St. Quintin 15. Discharged and laboureth for a Peace 22. Designed for ruin by the Guises 46. Procures the laying aside the use of the Arms of England 39. Entereth Orleans 48. He is set against the Reformation and the King of Navar by the Queen 56. Taken in the Battel of Dreux 80. He refuseth to consent to the Liberty of Conscience 84. He takes Havre de Grace 99. Montmorancy Francis Son of the former gives his Father wise advice 56. N. NAples the Kingdom of annexed to the See of Rome 9. Navar Henry King of suspected to be in the Conspiracy of Bloys 43. And in that of Lions 46. He is sollicited to come to the Assembly of the States by his Brother the Cardinal ib. Comes and is consin'd 47. Discharged and advanced ibid. Becomes terrible to the Pope 49. Favoureth the Reformation 56. Very earnest for a National Council 65. He joins with the Popish party 69. Excuseth the Massacre of Vassy 71. Is shot at Roan and dies 77. His Character ibid. The Queen Cited before the Inquisition after his Death 92. A National Council desired in France 45 64. O. O Liver Chancellor of France imployed against the Members of Parliament who were suspected of Heresie 33. Desious of a Reformation and an hater of Bloody Persecutions 43. Obtains a Pardon for the Conspirators of Boyse ibid. He dies weeping for what he had done 44. Orleans an Assembly of the three Estates of France opened there 47 50. Surprized by the Protestants 73. Besieged 82. Ostia besieged and taken 9. Retaken ibid. Otho Henry Duke of Bavaria dies 36. Orange William of Nassaw Prince of Ambassador for Charles V. 6. Being Ambassador in France he learns a Secret 27. P. PAliano Fortified 9. Restored to King Philip 11. A Parliament in England 22. In Scotland 36. Another that setles a Confession of Faith 42. Another which confirms and settles it 66. One held at Edinburg in which Mary Queen of the Scots passed several Acts in favour of the Reformation 99. The Parliament of Paris awed by Henry II. 31. Claims the Right of declaring the King out of his Minority 99. Paul IV. Pope his Temper 7. His War against King Philip 8. He ruins his Relations 26. He refuseth to acknowledg Ferdinand Emperor of Germany 22. And Queen Elizabeth Queen of England 23. Erects many Bishopricks 27. His death and the rage of the People against him 36. Peace made between King Philip and the Pope 11. Proposed between France and Spain 19. That of Passaw confirmed 28. That of Cambray fatal 30. That of Orleans disproved by Coligni 84. And by the Fathers of Trent 91. Perrenot Bishop of Arras 19. A Persecution in France 16. One designed in the Netherlands 27. One in France 30. In Spain 35. In Piedmont 52. In the Netherlands 55. Philbert Duke of Savoy his Marriage 33. Pius IV. Elected 36. Delays the calling of a Council 48. Is at last perswaded to renew that at Trent 62. Despiseth France 86. Afraid of the French Bishops coming to that Council 88. Is promised a victory over the Council 89. Reproached by the King of France 96. Pretends to be free from the Obligation of all Laws ibid. Philip II. King of Spain engaged in a War against Paul IV. 8. And France 9. Leaves the Netherlands 35. He is much commended by Pope Paul IV. 31. Endeavoureth to raise the power of the Bishops and depress the Pope's in the Council of Trent 90. His Severity much commended there 91. He is sollicited to endeavour the Preservation of the Romish Religion in France 61. Poltrot who Assassinated the Duke of Guise an account of him 82. Princes the Pope hath power to depose them and to dispose of their Dominions 62 92. Denied by the King of France 94. Prioli Lawrence Duke of Venice dies and is succeeded by Jerome his Brother 36. Q. QUintin Jean makes a long Apology for the Clergy in the Assembly of the three Estates at Orleance 51. He dies of Grief for the Reflections made on it ibid. St. Quintin besieged 14. Taken 15. R. REligion ought not to be the occasion of Rebellions 50. A Remonstrance of the Protestant Princes of Germany 12. Riga Reformed 57. Rouen or Roan taken by the Protestants 74. Twice besieged and at last taken by the Roman Catholicks 77. Rome prepared for a Siege 8. And might have been taken S. SArdinia the Isle of proffered to the King of Navar 65. Savoy enclined to a Reformation 97. St. Quintin See Quintin Sanfloriano a Cardinal 10. Sectaries never to be suffered 51. But to be severely treated 91. Segni a strong City in the Papacy taken 10. Seldius Vice-Chancellor Ambassador 6. Siena consigned to the Duke of Florence 10. Sigeth a City in Hungary twice besieged 4. Sleidan John his Death and Character 7. Succession in the Clergy 61. A Synod held by the Protestants of France in the time of a violent persecution 31. T. THermes a Marshal of France defeated 20. Thionville taken 10. A Toleration granted to the Protestants of France 68. Transylvania revolts 4. The Treaty of Cambray 22 30. V. VAlence the Bishop of favours the Reformation 45. Valenza taken 9. Vallidolid 35. Vassey a Town in Champaigne 70. Vergerius Paul a Cardinal writes against the Council of Trent 62. Vienne the Archbishop of for a National Council 45. The Vocation or Call of the Ministry 61. Vinoxberg taken 20. W. WAr in Italy 8. Between France and Spain 14. In Piedmont 53. The Reasons of the Scotch War 40. The beginning of the Civil War of France 72. Wentworth Lord Governour of Calais 17. William Prince of Henebery dies 36. Dr. Wotton Ambassador in France 14. At Cambray 39. Z. ZEaland the Province of oppose the Continuance of the Spanish Forces in the Netherlands 48. ERRATA In the History PAge 27. line 20. for Church read Lurch l. 23. r. Lewis XII p. 31. l. 7. r. Tortosa p. 32. l. 41. r. Ambitious as Lucifer himself That he p. 36. l. 38. concerning r. call'd p. 39. l. 47. r. Brindisi p. 43. l. 29. Ensure r. Ensnare p. 45. Work r. Rock p. 46. § 2. l. 1. resum'd r. repeated p. 80. Sturney r. Sturmius as oft as it occurs p. 94. l. 38. our r. your p. 115. l. 36. Cantreck r. Lautrec p. 119. l. 5. Anbald r. Anhalt p. 134. l. 52. r. Vey p. 143. l. 10. convenient r. inconvenient p. 157. l. 14. r. Nordlinghen p. 170. l. 37. 740. r. 728. p. 184. l. 58. r. Mecklenbourgh p. 189. l. 1. r. out of his c. p. 200. l. 63. danger r. hunger p. 206. l. 21. Campodune r. Kempten p. 209. l. 61. first r. fifth p. 215. l. 21. impression upon r. inroad into p. 230. l. 34. r. Pomerania p. 232. l. 36. r. Aleander p. 242. l. 10. r. John the Vaivod p. 264. l. 52. r. did not only c. p. 269. l. 45. r. Budaeus p. 270. l. 24. r. than that that long c. p. 284. l. 26. Indico r. Ynigo l. 45. r. Rene. p. 287. l. 16. Mark r. Work. p. 288. l. 48. Religion r. Provinces p. 289. Compert r. Rampart p. 292. l. 28. r. Vendosme l 29. Nivern r. Nevers p. 293. Concord r. Counsel p. 294. l. 6. r. first place to be c. p. 317. l. 14. edge r. Egge p. 338. l. 38. Ozias r. Uzziah p. 356. l. 40. r. Mentz p. 361. l. 53. Esdras r. Ezrah p. 363. l. 13. slept r. stept p. 443. l. 8. r. Ebbleben p. 435. r. Nevers p. 439. l. 30. implorable r. implacable p. 441. l. 50. severity r. security p. 447. l. 20. r. Vicenza l. 24. r. Morone l. 27. r. Santacruce p. 468. l. 35. Pecord r. Record r. Rifeberg l 48. r. Rochlitz p. 471. would r. should p. 473. l. 11. r. Fano p. 475. l. 28. r. Casa p. 477. l. 19. Gelou r. Gelenius p. 478. l. 50. Fez r. Tunis p. 481. l. 19. r. Matthias Flaccius Hlyricus and as oft as it occurs p. 518. l. 23. r. Vienna p. 519. l. 34. r. Lewis Hutin p. 531. l. 41. with r. of p. 545. l. 60. would r. should p. 554. l. 38. r. Bayonne p. 580. In the Contents l. 4. Albert r. Maurice p. 594. l. 33. r. Blasseburg p. 618. l. 58. r. Barbara In the Continuation PAg. 8. l. 55. Security r. Severity p. 10. l. 18. r. brought together an Army p. 28. l. 15. drought r. draught p. 25. l. 2. 1233. r. 1523. p. 28. r. 600000 Growns p. 56. l. 62. perished r. persisted l. 59. r. from Zurich p. 60. l. 41. thing r. nothing p. 90. l. 11. Annals r. Annates
A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION To the End of the COUNCIL OF TRENT In the Year 1563. Collected and Written by E. B. Esq LONDON Printed in the Year MDCLXXXIX A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION BOOK I. The CONTENTS The Introduction The Revolt of Transylvania The Siege and brave Defence of Sigeth a Town in Hungary Charles V resigns the Empire He goes to Spain John Sleidan 's Death and Character Paul III a Furious Prince The War between him and King Philip in Italy The Peace between them The Affairs of England The Dyet of Ratisbonne The Death of Ignatius Loyola the Founder of the Order of Jesuites And of Albert Marquess of Brandenburg The unsuccessful Conference at Wormds between the Romish and Protestant Divines The War between France and Spain The Siege Battle and Taking of S. Quintin Charles V his Letter to his Son. The Spanish Army disperse and the French increase A Persecution in France The Siege and Loss of Calais The Situation and Form of that Town Guines taken A Turkish Fleet land in many Places in Italy and carry many into Captivity The Dauphin Married to Mary Queen of Scotland The first Overtures for a Peace between the Kings of France and Spain Andelot Marshal of France ruined by the Arts of the Duke of Guise Thionville Besieged and Taken by the French. The Defeat of the French near Graveling An unsuccessful Expedition of the English against France The Treaty of Cambray began The Parliament of England meet and Queen Mary Dies The German Affairs the Death and Character of Charles V. The Succession of Queen Elizabeth The Scotch Affairs and the first setling of the Reformation in that Kingdom IT was the Misfortune of this Great Man John Sleidan to die in that nick of Time when the Fates of the two contending Religions and of all Christendom were just upon the setling It is true The Introduction he lived to see the Augustane Confession setled in the Dyet of Ausburg and perhaps he might hear of the Resignation of the Empire by Charles V to his Brother Ferdinand but then Death surprized him before he could give any account of it for with it he designed to have begun the next Book in all probability and to have filled up this with some other Accidents such as a large account of the Revolt of Transylvania and the Siege of Sigeth would have afforded him But then had he lived till the Year 1563 he should have seen the Death of Queen Mary Henry II of France and Charles V and the setling of the Roman Catholick Religion by the Determination of the Council of Trent contrary to the Expectation of all Men which seems to be the first Period of the Reformation and absolutely necessary to give the Reader a clear Prospect and full View of the first Joynt of this great Revolution I have therefore persuaded the Stationer to add a Suppliment to this Version for that purpose and because I am a Member of the Religion by Law established and not willing to offend them of the other Persuasions I resolve to advance nothing in it but from Authors who lived and dyed in the Communion of the Church of Rome shewing the matter of Fact with great Brevity and making few or no Reflections of my own That so the Reader may be left entirely to himself to think what he Please and God shall direct him I will begin with the Business of Transylvania John the last King of Hungary dyed of Joy for the birth of his Son year 1556 in the Year 1539 His Son being left thus an Infant The Revolt of Transylvania his Mother the Queen Regent put him under the Protection of Solyman Emperour of the Turks to secure him from the Violence of Ferdinand who claimed that Kingdom and thereupon a sharp War ensued which ended in the advancement of the Turkish Interest and the loss of both those Princes the Turk taking Quinque Ecclesiae Gran and Albaregalis in the Year 1544 Temeswar Lippa and some others in the Year 1548 Whereupon Ferdinand finding himself too weak to deal with that potent warlike Prince in the Year 1549 offered him 30000 Ducats of yearly Tribute for Transylvania But this Design failing in the Year 1551 he forced the Queen of Hungary to resign Transylvania to whom in lieu of it he gave Cassovia and a Pension of 100000 Ducats yearly And in the Year 1552 he made Stephen Dobus who had performed great Services for him against the Turks this Year in the Defence of Agria Vaivode of Transylvania He continued quietly in the Possession of it till the Year 1556 and then another Disturbance arose in this Principality which is shortly hinted at by King Ferdinand in his Letter to the Dyet at Ratisbonne Among other things Ferdinand had promised That he would not burthen Transylvania with any Garrisons of Foreigners But whether out of Necessity or for fear of the Turks he had kept a strong Guard of Spanish Soldiers there who had done great Injuries to the Inhabitants whereupon one Peter Petrowic underhand dealt with Solyman for supplies and began a Revolt in favour of one John whose Family is not known who then aspired to this miserable Principality and hoped by drawing the Turks into Hungary to gain the greatest part of that Kingdom for himself and had called a Dyet at Thorda in March 1555 which was disappointed by the Spaniards The Turks were not without their Complaints too for tho' Ferdinand had sent Ambassadours to treat a Peace yet Solyman being engaged in a War with the Persians he was not at leisure or perhaps not much inclined to make a Peace with Ferdinand but kept his Ambassadours two Years at Constantinople to little or no Purpose and Ferdinand being thus held in Suspense was forced to keep great Garrisons in his Frontier Towns and among them the Heyducks were imployed who having no Pay made frequent inroads into the Turkish Quarters towards Quinque Ecclesiae and often surprized the Turkish Boats as they passed upon the Rivers nor was it in Ferdinand's power to restrain them as things then stood Hereupon the Turks began a War with the Town of Kaposwar which was treacherously resigned to them by the Garrison and after it Babotz and passing on they attempted Sigeth and came within Cannon-shot of it but Ladislaus Kerezen the Governour gave them such a warm Entertainment that the Bassa's Tent being pierced with a Cannon-shot he was forced to remove farther off and three hundred of his Men being slain in two Sallies and Winter coming on he was fain to Withdraw This passed in the Year 1555. In the beginning of the next Year Sigeth besieged and most bravely defended by the Germans Solyman sent Haly an Albanian whom he had recalled from the Wars of Persia to be Visier of Buda but with a Command not to enter that City till he had taken Sigeth He coming to Sirmish sent a Messenger to demand Sigeth
Condition soever We wish Friendship Grace and every Good Thing We being admonished by many and great Reasons and very much burthened with Our great Age and with continual Annoyance of our Infirmities which has almost overpower'd Our Natural Strength and rendred Our Body infirm which makes Us unfit for Business and having long since determined That Our Kingdom of Spain should go to the most Serene Prince Philip Our Son King of Spain and England And having thereupon abandoned Our usual Palace We have removed with Our Court hither in order with the first good Wind to embark for Spain all things being now ready for that purpose so that Our Voyage can be hindred by none but God Wherefore by this Our Absence the Government of the Sacred Empire belongs to the most Serene and Potent Prince Ferdinand King of the Romans Hungary and Bohemia and Our dearest Brother as being lawfully elected King of the Romans and the next uncontestable Successor after Us the which Government has even already many Years since by our Assent been managed by him in our Name with great Affection he having born the Weight of of it for us with a true brotherly and kind Solicitude That therefore the Christian Commonwealth and especially the Sacred Empire may sustain no Dammage which God prevent whilst We are afar off and that Our said Brother the King of the Romans may transact all Affairs with the greater Authority We have resolved and declared That as King of the Romans he shall have Power absolutely of himself without Our Concurrence to do treat and command all those things which to him shall seem necessary and convenient to the Dignity Profit and Increase of the sacred Empire in the same manner as We could have done the same as Emperour of the Romans In truth there is nothing which We desired so much as to have been present in Person in your Dyet before this Our Voyage which is now assembled at Ratisbonne one of our Imperial Cities and to have brought the Publick Affairs to their desired End by your Advice and then to have committed the Government to Our Brother the King of the Romans in it in our stead whereby we might have admonished you to pay him that Obedience which is due to him But Our Indisposition of Body which is known to all would not suffer Us to take so long a Journey and especially by Land. Besides We consider that the Slipping this favourable Season for Sailing is a thing of great Consideration Wherefore we being not able personally to come to the Dyet as We desired and determined to do nor to bring Our Designs to their Effect Yet We were desirous to make known Our Affection and Devotion to you all by this Edict and discovery of our Mind and thereby expresly to command all and every of you by the tenour of these Letters and by the Imperial Authority under Pain of our greatest Indignation That ye as hath been often said yield to the said King of the Romans Fidelity Obedience and Reverence in Our Name and stead in all his Edicts Commands and Actions and that ye do not resist or disobey him in any thing but observe him in all things as You ought to do to us if we were present in the Empire lest by doing otherwise or suffering your selves to be persuaded to the contrary you do excite and procure Our greatest Indignation And this is Our express and last Will. Given under our Seal at Sudbury in Zealand the seventh Day of September in the Year of our Lord 1556 and in the thirty sixth Year of our Empire I have sought up and transcribed this rare Piece from the Italian Copy in Alfonso Volla in his Life of Charles V. It was penn'd in Latin but I could no where find the Latin Copy and perhaps it was never printed at least I am sure it is very scarce and not likely to be ever used again by any Prince till Time shall be no more The Emperour knew very well The Emperour's Ambassadours to the Electoral Princes saith Thuanus that next to God the Right of Electing and Receiving the Resignation or Surrender of the Empire was in the seven Electoral Princes and that without their Consent and Authority this could not be done and to dispose them to approve and allow this Act of his he had appointed William of Nassaw Prince of Orange George Sigismond Seldius Vice Chancellour of the Empire and Wolfang Haler one of his Secretaries of State to be his Ambassadours to them But a War soon after breaking out between the King of France and his Son King Philip by the breach of the late Truce it was two Years ere that Command of his took its effect In the mean time John Archbishop of Trier of the Family of the Counts of Isemburg died and John Laien succeeded him and Adolph Archbishop of Cologne was succeeded by Anthony his Brother The Emperour set sail the fifteenth of September with a Fleet of sixteen Spanish The Emperour sets sail for Spain and twenty Flemmish Ships all Men of War besides the Admiral in which he and his two Sisters went. At Portsmouth seven English Ships joyned him and at the Isle of Wight seven more He arrived safely at Laredo a Port in Biscaye where he was entertained by a great concourse of the Nobility and Deputies of the Cities of the Kingdom of Spain So soon as ever he set his Foot upon the Shoar he prostrated himself upon the Earth and kissing it he said Hail my beloved Mother His Speech at his landing naked came I out of my Mother's Womb and now I return naked to thee again as to another Mother and here I consecrate and give to thee my Body and my Bones which is all the Acknowledgment I can give for all thy numerous Benefits bestowed upon me His next care was to make a formal and a publick Renunciation of the Kingdom of Spain to his Son Philip in this great Assembly After this he spent two Days at Valladolid with his Grand-son Don Carolo instructing that unfortunate Prince in the Rules of Glory and Virtue and doubtless it was a noble Lecture which so great a Prince like another Patriarch made to his supposed Heir From hence this Glorious Prince retired to a Place he had chosen The description of the Place in which he lived to spend the remainder of his Life being a Valley in the Borders of Spain and Portugal equally Delightful for the Temper of the Air and the Pleasant Crown of Hills which incircled it and supposed to be the Place where the famous Sertorius was basely murthered It is well watered with Springs and Rivolets and rarely Fruitful and lies about eight Spanish Miles from Placentia a City of the Kingdom of Leon by the Town of Scaradilla this Place he had remarked in Hunting and had ordered a small Apartment of seven Rooms fourteen Foot square to be built for him and here he lived with twelve Servants and
much dispirited and weakned France And the Duke de Montmorancy who from the beginning had a great Aversion for this War which he foresaw would end in the Ruin of France was more intent in levying Soldiers to defend the Borders of the Netherlands than in prosecuting the War against King Philip and Invading his Dominions In the mean time Queen Mary of England Queen Mary joyns with Spain being over-persuaded by King Philip her Husband and disposed to it by the Arts of Dr. Wotton who was then her Embassadour in France and by his Nephew who found the French were well disposed to a Rupture with England if Calice might be the Prince of it she I say entred into the War too and sent an Herald to the French Court with a Declaration to that purpose who deliver'd it the Seventh of June The French King took no less care to raise a War between England and Scotland by way of Diversion Mary the Queen of Scotland being before this sent into France to be married to the Dauphin his Eldest Son. So that he thought he had now a Right to Command that Nation to espouse his Quarrel but the Scotch Nobility thought otherwise and would not Engage in a War against England when they had no interest of their own to do it The Spaniards were all this while intent in providing Men and Arms and the Twenty fifth of July attack'd the Fort of Rocroy in the Borders of Champagne and Hainalt four Leagues from Maribourg to the South but finding there a greater Resistance than they expected they marched away towards Picardy with an Army of Thirty five thousand Foot and Twelve thousand Horse The Body of the French Army being but Eighteen thousand Foot and Five thousand Horse and for the most part both Sides Germans so that the French thought it their Interest to coast along by the Enemy and defend their Borders and cover their Towns which was all they could safely do in this inequality of Forces There was then a very small Garrison in St. Quintin The Siege of St. Quintin under the Command of Charles de Teligny Captain of the Troop of Guards belonging to the Dauphin but the Army coming suddenly before it the Sieur de Coligny the President of Picardy put himself into the place with some few Forces and sent to Montmorancy to come up and succour him This was disapproved by those about him as Dangerous and if things succeeded not Dishonourable In the beginning of the Siege Teligny was slain in a Sally by Engaging imprudently beyond his Orders who was a Person of great Courage and Strength Industry and Fidelity and an Experienc'd Commander And Andelot The Battel of St. Quintin who was sent by Coligny to bring Two thousand Foot into the Town was by a mistake of his Guides misled and falling into the Trenches of the Besiegers he was slain and most of his Men cut off and Montmorancy attempting to relieve the same place was beaten also and lost Two thousand five hundren Men and himself was taken Prisoner This Battel had a fatal effect upon France for it made the Life of Henry II ever after Unfortunate and reducing France to the necessity of a dishonourable Peace it became the occasion of the Civil Wars which followed to the great hazard of the Ruin of that Potent Kingdom and may serve as an Example to Princes not to violate their Faith whoever dispense with it Montmorancy was from the beginning averse to this War Montmorancy ruin'd by being taken Prisoner and foretold the ill Consequences of it as he was an old experienc'd wise Commander and a great Lover of his Country so till then he had lived in great Power and enjoyed the Favour of his Prince but now when his good Fortune left him he lost the good Esteem and Regards of all Men which from thence forward were conferred upon the Duke of Guize who employ'd them to the damage of France The News of this Victory fill'd France with Terror and Sorrow and the Netherlands with Joy and Courage The Duke of Nevers and some others of the principal French Commanders however escaped If the Victorious Army had forthwith marched to Paris they might have taken it but King Philip was resolved to hazard nothing but commanded his Army to go on with the Siege of St. Quintin and the King of France leaving Compeigne where he then was and going to Paris so quieted the Minds of the People by his Presence and good Words that things began to settle and the fear in a short time to abate Coligny kept the Townsmen of St. Quintin two days in Ignorance of this Loss and when they came to hear of it though he saw the Town would at last be taken yet he persuaded them to hold it out to the last that so the King might have time to recollect his Forces and be in a condition to oppose the Victorious Enemy Another of the Andelot's got into the Town with about Five hundred Chosen Men and some few Volunteers of the Nobility but when all was done King Philip coming in Person into the Camp and the Siege being carried on with great diligence the Town was taken by Storm the 27th of August The Day of the Battel and Coligny and Andelot became Prisoners too and the latter was wounded At this Siege there was Eight thousand English employed who did great Service but finding themselves ill used after the Town was taken they returned to Calis St. Quintin taken by Storm There were above Four hundred French Soldiers slain in this Town and Three hundred taken Prisoners and more had perished if King Philip who was present had not entred the City and by Proclamation restrain'd the fury of his own Soldiers to whom he granted the Plunder of the Town which was great and took particular care that those who had not been concern'd in the danger of the Storming the Town might have no share in the Plunder of it Soon after this Victory King Philip sent an Express to the late Emperor Charles his Father who was then in his private Retirement in Spain desiring him to send his Advice how to proceed the wise and good Prince return'd him an Answer to this purpose as the Great Thuanus relates it A Letter of Charles V to his Son Philip. Though this Retreat gives me the utmost security yet I received the Account of your Victory with a joyful and a pleased Mind and I congratulate the happy and fortunate Beginnings of my beloved Sons Reign and I render to God Almighty my humblest and devoutest Thanks and Praises who hath not suffer'd the Persidy of his Enemies to go long unpunished but has thus suddenly chastised the Truce-breakers both in Italy and on the Borders of the Netherlands For though my mind foretold me it would come so to pass and I comforted my self with that hope yet I was vex'd that just at that time when I had restored Christendom
Omers Ipress Gant and Bruges and were put under the Archbishops of Cambray Mechlin and Vtrecht This change gave great offence to the Low-Countries who esteem'd itrather an Inslaving than an Honouring of their Country to have so many New Sees setled among them and the more because among other Reasons assigned by the Pope one was That these Countries were on all sides encompass'd with Nations which had cast off the See of Rome so that the Salvation of the Souls of this People was much endanger'd by Schism which rendred this Settlement hateful to all those who favour'd the Reformation so that this was one of the principal Causes of the War which followed which in the end proved fatal to many of these New Bishopricks In the interim this Consideration had that effect upon the Spirit of King Philip King Philip desirous of a Peace with France that he might be at leisure to extirpate Heresie that it greatly disposed him above all others to enter into a Treaty of Peace with France He saw that not only the Licence which attended a War but the vast number of Germans which he was forced to employ by their conversing with his Subjects in the Netherlands begat in them a good Opinion of Luther and the Reformation Henry II of France imprudently communicated to William of Nassaw Prince of Orange when he was Embassador for Philip in France when they were one day Hunting together That Design discover'd to the Prince of Orange That King Philip and he had agreed first to extirpate all the Sects which were then rising in the Netherlands and after that they would joyn their Arms and do the like in all other places which being discovered by that Prince to the Netherlanders they entred into Consultation for the preserving themselves from the Pride of the Spanish Government and made those insolent Demands of King Philp when he was going into Spain This Counsel was then generally attributed to the Cardinal of Lorain and Perrenot Bishop of Arras and all concluded That under the pretence of suppressing Heresie King Philip and Henry of France had laid a Design of Ruining the Civil Liberties of France and the Netherlands When the Commissioners met for the concluding the Treaty of Peace between these Princes they found themselves delivered from one difficulty the Restitution of Calais by the Death of Queen Mary of England but then Thionville Verdun and Toul three Imperial Cities had been taken in this War by the French and King Philip thought he was bound in Honour and by his Interest too to see them restored to the Empire and yet he saw the French were as well resolved to keep them Nor was indeed his Interest in the Restitution so great as that of the French was to keep them he having very effectually provided for his own Security and Benefit by the gaining other Places Hereupon these Princes by mutual consent The Dyet of Germany sent Embassadors to the Dyet of Germany began this Year the Twenty fifth of February at Ausburg The first thing that was done in them was the celebrating the Funeral of Charles V with great Solemnity His Encomium was pronounced by Lewis Madruse then Bishop of Trent and afterwards a Cardinal After this Ceremony an Account was given of the Conference at Wormes for the Reconciling the Differences of Religion and there appearing no hope of an Accommdation Ferdinand the Emperor promised he would take care to have the General Council renewed and that all should obey its Decrees and Determinations But the Deputies of the Duke of Saxony and of several other Princes of the Empire opposed this affirming that there being no hopes of restoring the Peace of the Church by a Popish Council Conditions proposed by the Protestants for a Council the Edicts of Passaw and Ansburg were religiously to be observed But the Emperor persisting in his former Opinion they said they were not against a Free and General Council in Germany so be it were legally assembled by the Emperor and not by the Pope and in which the Pope should appear as a Party subject to the Council and not as President and Judge of all others and provided the Bishops and Clergy might be freed from the Oath they had taken to the Pope that they might freely speak their Thoughts That the sacred Scriptures might be the only Rule by which they should judge and determin these Controversies rejecting all humane Traditions and Customs that were contrary to the Word of God If the Divines who had embraced the Augustane Confession might not only be heard but admitted to give their Votes in the Decision of these Controversies and have good Security given them for their going thither and that they should enjoy the Liberty granted them by the Decree of Ausburg without any fraud or violence That the Points in Dispute should not be determin'd as is usual in Civil Affairs by the Plurality of Votes but by the Rule and Prescription of the Word of God That in the first place the Decrees of the Council of Trent already made should be cancell'd as vitious and not legally assembled and that these things should be debated anew And lastly That if these things could not be obtain'd of the Pope the Emperor should maintain the Peace of Religion and the Edict of Passaw These were the Conditions the Protestants proposed for the holding of a Council The Emperior The Emperor Confirms the Peace of Passaw who despaired of reconciling the differences of Religion on these Terms and having no other way left him for preserving the Peace of Germany Confirm'd the Peace of Passaw After this they took into Consideration the Reduction of the Monies of Germany to their ancient value and purity and heard the Complaints of William of Furstemberg Great Master of the Knights of Livonia who obtain'd a Grant of an Hundred thousand Crowns for the Levying of an Army for their Protection against the Russ But this Sum seeming less than the necessity of their Affairs and of the Times required the Livonians neglected it and betook themselves to the Protection of Sigismund Augustus King of Poland to whom they assign'd Nine of their strongest Places upon condition that they might at any time redeem them by the payment of Six thousand Crowns which was confirm'd by a Treaty Signed and Sworn between them and the King of Poland After which Furstemberg resigned his Dignity to Gotard Ketler There was also a Complaint made by the Livonians against the Inhabitants of Lubeck Riga and Revel for furnishing the Russ who were the Enemies of Germany not only with all sorts of Merchandize imported by them to Narva a Town of Russia but also with Arms and Ammunition which for the future was by a Law made in this Dyet forbidden which was afterwards repeal'd The Twenty eighth of March The French Embassadors come to the Dyet the French Embassadors were introduced into the Dyet and after they had in an Elegant Speech
Du Bourg being interrogated by Saint Andre refused to answer None of the Members of that Court being to be Tryed but by the whole Court. Whereupon Bourdin obtained a new Commission from the King commanding Du Bourg to plead before these Delegated Judges and if he refused that they should take him for Convicted and Guilty of Treason He being thus deprived of his Priviledge lest he might seem to despise the King's Authority and making a Protestation to save the Priviledge of others the third Day after answered in such manner to all the Questions proposed that he seemed to differ very little from the Lutherans and Calvinists so without any other Witnesses produced he was by the Bishop of Paris declared an Heretick judged unworthy of the Sacerdotal Character and delivered up to the Secular Power From which Sentence he Appealed to the Archbishop of Sens. Whilst these miserable Men were thus persecuted for their Religion The sad Condition of France during the Persecution and their Favourers Friends and such as had presumed to speak freely were by Informers also brought in Question there was a sad Face of Affairs in France and a sullen silence The Court in the interim was never more Jolly the Preparations for a great Marriage filling it with Mirth and Bravery which in a short time too had as lamentable a Conclusion Among other things there was a Tilt prepared and a Yard made for that purpose not far from the Bastile in which the Members of the Parliament were then imprisoned Some Days being spent in this Divertisement June 29. the King would needs run against the Count of Mongomery and they breaking their Lances the Sight of the King's Helmet by accident flying up Henry II of France slain he received a Wound in the Eye and falling from his Horse was latched by some of his Servants and carried into a Tower belonging to the Bastile It is said whilst they carried him thither he looked up and remembring the Members of Parliament which he had committed there said He feared he had done wrong to those Innocent Men. The Cardinal of Lorrain who was present angry at it reply'd That Thought was put into his Mind by the Devil the Enemy of Mankind That he ought to be careful of his Motions and continue constant in his Faith. Whether this were so or no I will not affirm saith Thuanus my Author because I am resolved to write nothing without good Authority The Physicians saying too That in these kinds of Wounds the Speech is lost At the Report of this Accident Andrew Vesale a Famous Physician was presently sent from Brussels by King Philip that he might however shew his Good-will to this Prince But he came too late the King dying July 2. when he had lived forty Years three Months and eleven Days and reigned twelve Years and three Months The Marriage between Margaret his Sister and Philbert Duke of Savoy was hereupon hasted that it might be finished before his Death and Celebrated it was without any Pomp or Magnificence There was great variety of Opinions some extolling his Life beyond Reason The various Characters of Henry II of France as Martial and Brave and his Conquests by which he had enlarged his Kingdom adding to it a great part of Italy Scotland and Corsica That having obtained a Victory against Charles V at Renty he had reduced that Great Prince to the Thoughts of a Retreat to a Private Life That out of his rare Respect to the Church of Rome not regarding his Oath he had renewed the War and succoured Paul IV. That recalling his Army out of Italy he had been able to defend France against the united Forces of King Philip and Mary of England and at last had ended the War at least by an useful Treaty and by the Marriages of his Daughter and Sister had secured the Publick Peace Others said he had violated the Glory of his Just Arms by breaking the Truce and involved himself by the Fault of others in an unjust and unprosperous War spent vast Treasures and lost the Flower of his Kingdom That the Peace was Desirable but very Dishonourable and the Marriage only a Covering for the infamy of the Concessions And that as he delighted too much in War so he perished dishonourably like a common Soldier His Misses who reigned rather than he his Prodigality and Luxury were not forgotten And the abundance of Poets then in France was taken for an Instance of the Corruptions of the Times To speak freely without Love or Hatred he was a Warlike Prince and too little affected to the Arts of Peace but then he was soft and easie and governed too much by others Wise Men then thought there would follow a War his Children being very yong his Wife Ambitious and the Court divided by Faction And this accordingly came to pass and brought forty Years of great Calamity upon France But I shall for the future be very short in the French Affairs referring the Reader to Davila and other Writers of the Civil Wars of France The Reader may be pleased to know That I have in all this followed Thuanus abridging him in some Places and in others transcribing him at large The King being crowned Francis II a Lad of sixteen Years of Age succeeds him And the Persecution goes on and the Dominion of the Queen Dowager as Guardian and of the Guises as Prime Ministers established to the great Dissatisfaction of the Princes and Nobility of France the next Care was to carry on the Persecution against the Protestants Oliver the Chancellor was imployed against the Members of the Parliament which were imprisoned at the time of the King's Death and S. Andre and Anthony de Mouchy against the rest of the People who that they might spread the terror of their Names over the whole Nation thought fit to begin with Paris Their principal Blood-hounds were Russanges and Claude David two Mechanicks and one George Renard a Taylor who had all three professed the Reformed Religion and were now imployed as best acquainted with these Men. They drew in two Apprentices shortly after who had deserted their Masters And these to gain the greater Applause Slaunders against the Protestants confessed not only that they had Nocturnal Meeting but which saith Thuanus was a notorious Lie that they at them used promiscuous Conjunctions after the Candles were put out And this Impudent Story created a great Detestation of the Protestants in the Minds of the deluded Catholicks whose Ears were open to these kinds of Misrepresentations This lye was carried on with great Industry and these two Wretches were led first to the Cardinal of Lorrain and then to the Queen to communicate this rare Secret no Man daring to contradict it The Queen who was never a Friend to the Protestants from henceforth was more than ever enraged against them But Oliver the Chancellor suspecting the Story examined these Lads separately and by their Varying and
to be done they would give but three The French Provocations against the English The English Merchants were ill used in France A Servant of Throcmorton's the Embassadour was sent by Francis Grand Prior of France the Brother of Guise publickly to the Gallies A Pistol was discharged against the Embassadour in his own Lodgings And he had no Plate allowed him for his Table but what had the Arms of England engraven on it in contempt Du Brossay was also sent with Supplies of French into Scotland And the Gallies of France were brought from Marseille in the Mediterrancan into the British Seas This was the State of Affairs between France and England The Scotch Complaints against the French. when the Troubles of Scotland broke out and the Lords of the Articles sent William Maitland their Secretary who made a deplorable Representation of the State of that Kingdom to Queen Elizabeth setting forth That since the Marriage of their Queen to the Dauphine of France the Government of Scotland had been charged the French Soldiers laid all waste The principal Employments were given to Frenchmen their Forts and Castles put into their Hands and their Money adulterated to their Advantage That the Design was apparently to possess themselves of Scotland if the Queen should happen to die without Issue Cecil who was the Queens Prime Minister imployed Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland to find out what the Lords of the Articles designed and what Means they had to attain their Ends and upon what Terms they expected Succours from England They said They desired nothing but the Glory of Jesus Christ the sincere Preaching of the Word of God the extirpation of Superstition and Idolatry the Restraint of the Fury of Persecution and the Preservation of their ancient Liberties That they knew not for the present how to effect this but they hoped the Divine Goodness which had begun the Work would bring it to its desired End with the Confusion of their Enemies That they earnestly desired to enter into a Friendship with the Queen of England to the Preservation of which they would Sacrifice their Lives and Fortunes The Consideration of these things was not warmly entertained in England Queen Elizabeth holds off at first but be cause the Scots had little Money and were not over-well cemented among themselves so they were only advised Not to enter rashly into a War. But as soon as the English knew that the Marquess of Elboeuf the Queen of Scots Unkle was listing Men in Germany by the Rhinegrave for a War in Scotland That Cannons were sent to the Ports and Preparations made to conquer that Kingdom and that in greater Quantities than seemed necessary to reduce a few unarmed Scots That the French to draw the Danes into this War had proffered That the Duke of Lorrain should renounce his Right to Denmark And that they were renewing their Solicitations with the Pope To give a declaratory Sentence for the Queen of Scot against the Queen of England Thereupon Sir Ralph Sadler a wise Man was sent to the Earl of Northumberland and Governour of the middle Marches on the Borders of Scotland at last is forced to unite with the Protestants of Scotland Reasons assigned for the driving the French out of Scotland to assist him and Sir James Croft Governour of Berwick The English Council could not see whither all this tended unless the French designed to invade the Kingdom of England as well as assume the Title and Arms of it Upon this the Council of England began to consider in good earnest and with great Application of the Scotch Affairs it was thought a thing of very ill and dangerous Example that one Prince should undertake the Protection of the Subjects of another Prince who were in Rebellion But then it was thought impious not to assist those of the same Religion when persecuted for it And it was certainly a great Folly to suffer the French the sworn Enemies of England when they challenged the Kingdom of England too and were at Peace with all the rest of the World to continue armed in Scotland which lay so near and convenient for the Invasion of England on that side which had the greatest number of Roman Catholicks both of the Nobility and Commons This was thought a betraying the Safety and Quiet of the whole Nation in a very cowardly manner And therefore it was concluded It was no Time now for lazy Counsels but that it was best to take up their Arms and as the English Custom was To prevent their Enemies and not stay till they should begin with us It was always as lawful to Prevent an Enemy as to repel him and to defend our selves the same way that others Attack us That England could never be Safe but when it was Armed and Potent and that nothing could contribute more to this End than the securing it against Scotland That in order to this the Protestants of Scotland were to be protected and the French Forces driven out of it and this was not to be done by Consultations but by Arms. That the neglect of these Methods had not long since lost Calais to our great Hindrance and Shame That a little before whilst the French pretended to preserve the Peace with great Fidelity they had surprized the Fort of Ambleteul and some other Places near Bologne and by that means forced the English to surrender that important Place That we must expect the same Fate would attend Berwick and the other Fronteer Garrisons if they did not forthwith take Arms and not rely any longer on the French Pretences of maintaining the Peace which were never to be believed their Counsels being secret their Ambition boundless and their Revenues immense so that it was then a Proverb in England France can neither be Poor nor Quiet three Years together And Queen Elizabeth was used to say that Expression of Valentinean the Emperour was good The War resolved Francum amicum habe at non vicinum Let a Frank be thy Friend but not thy Neighbour So that upon the whole it was concluâ—â—d That it was Just Honest Necessary and our Interest to drive the French as soon as was possible out of Scotland Hereupon William Winter Master-Gunner in the Fleet The War begun was sent with a Fleet to Edinburgh Frith who to the great terror of the French fell upon their Ships of War on that Coast and their Garrison in the Isle of Inchkeith The Duke of Norfolk then Lieutenant of the North was also sent towards Scotland William Lord Grey who had well defended Guines against the French tho unsuccessfully was made Governour of the Eastern and Middle Marches and Thomas Earl of Sussex who had been Lieutenant of Ireland in the Reign of Queen Mary was sent thither again with the same Character and commanded to have a particular care the French did not excite the barbarous and superstitious Irish to a Rebellion under the Pretence of Religion The French in
of the German Princes for whose sake the Council was first Indicted sent Ambassadors to them Zachariah Delfino Bishop of Faro and John Francis Comendon Bishop of Zant being by his order directed to all the Princes with Letters of Credence They went first to Ferdinand the Emperor who was then at Vienna from thence they went by his Advice to meet all the Princes of the Augustane Confession who were then Assembled at Naumberg upon the River Saole in Saxony whom they were to treat very gently and modestly studying to avoid whatever might give occasion of Exasperation or Offence by the Counsel of this great and excellent Prince he telling them this was the easiest way to do their Business and to get a Positive Answer He also reminded them of the Conditions upon which the Protestant Princes had in the last Dyet declared they would consent to the Council of Trent That if they hap'ned to be mentioned the Ambassadors might not be destitute of an Answer He also sent Three Ambassadors of his own with them 1. Otho Count of Eberstin 2. Felix Bogislaus Baron of Hassenstein And 3. Christopher Meela Vice-Chamberlain of Bobemia These being admitted the day after their Arrival at Naumburg into the Assembly of the Princes exhorted them to be present in the Council to be shortly holden at Trent that an end might so be put to the lamentable Differences of Religion and the Calamities of Germany When they had deliberated on the Proposal they return'd this Answer Their Answer to the Emperor That they were very Thankful to the Emperour for his Care of and Love to the Empire As to the Council they did not refuse a Free General and truly Christian Council in which not the Pope but the Word of God should sit as Judge the Oath of the Bishops being discharged and a Liberty allowed to those of the Augustane Confession to Vote But on the contrary they perceived the Pope pretended to continue the Council of Trent and only to allow those Bishops to Vote who were Sworn to him against which they had already Protested in many Dyets of the Empire They concluded with a Promise of a more partiticular Answer when they had consulted the Princes assembled at Newburg they having as yet no Instructions concerning this Point from them or their Deputies And in the mean time they prayed the Emperour that he would preserve inviolably the League of Passam and the Peace of Religion After this both the Pope's Legates were heard one after another year 1561 who said very much in Commendation of Pius IV. his great Care of Religion The Pope's Legates Admitted and good Affection towards them That to this end he had recall'd the Council to Trent for the Extirpation of Heresie and Sects in which he promised all things should be transacted with Christian Charity and Brotherly Affection and all should be fully and sweetly heard and Determinations made and Suffrages given with the utmost freedom and liberty Therefore they exhorted them to send Ambassadors with Plenary Instructions and lend their Assistance to the bringing so commendable a Design to its desired end which was the restoring Peace to Christendom They delivered also the Pope's Letters to the several and respective Protestant Princes which being Superscribed with the word Son were all return'd Seal'd to the Legates The last day of the Meeting the Electors and other Princes in the Morning return'd an Answer to the Pope's Legates Their Answer to the Legates That they did not acknowledge the Popels Jurisdiction nor think themselves bound to give him any account what they intended in the Business of the Council the Calling and holding of which belonged not to him but they had fully declared their Minds to Ferdinand the Emperour their gracious Lord. That as for them the Legates they esteemed them for their Noble Birth and great Learning and should have shewn them greater respects if they had not come on the Pope's Errand Being thus dismissed they went to Lubeck and sent to Frederick King of Denmark for leave to come to him but had for an Answer That neither he nor his Father had never had any Business with the Pope nor did he desire now to know their Errand And Martinego who was sent to Queen Elizabeth of England was forbidden to come over To give the Reader a certain and clear knowledge of this Meeting at Naumburg The 13th of January Fredcrick the Elector Palatine The occasions of the meeting at Naumburg Augustus Duke of Saxony and Elector Jo. Frederick of Saxony Wolfang of the Palatine Family Ernest and Philip Dukes of Brunswick Ulrick Duke of Meckleburg Christopher Duke of Wirtemburg Charles Marquis of Baden Ernest Prince of Henneberg and the Ambassadors of Joachim Duke and Elector of Brandenburg and of John and George Fredirick of that Family of Philip Landtgrave of Hesse and of Barnim and Jo. Frederick Dukes of Pomerania upon the report of a Council suddenly to be assembled met at Naumburg to which Place the King of Denmark and the Princes of Lunenburg sent only Letters of Friendship to assure those that met that they would stand by them The design of it was to put an end to those Controversies which had arisen amongst the Protestants themselves to renew their Subscriptions to the Augustane Confession to consider and by mutual Consent to resolve whether they should go to the Council or refuse it They had great Controversies amongst themselves about the various Editions of the Augustane Confession which had been explained enlarged and as to the Expressions very often changed and the Elector of Saxony was for the retaining the first Edition and putting the Smalcaldick Articles by way of Preface to it but the rest not consenting to it he left Naumburg and return'd When they came to consider the Council of Trent they were no less divided in that too Some were for an absolute rejection of it others were for the sending Ambassadors from the several States who should propose the giving an Account of their Faith in a free and truly Christian Synod and enter a great Complaint against the Pope and Court of Rome make their Exceptions to the Council on the account of the Suspition of the Judges the perverse Method or Order of Proceedings and the Inconvenience of the Place this they conceived would mitigate the Envy had been raised against them and shew that their Enemies and not they were the obstructers of Concord and Union After this they sent Deputies to the Duke of Saxony deploring his departure before the End of the Conference and giving him an Account of the Form of Confession they had Agreed to Subscribe and desiring him that he would also subscribe it or at least restrain his Divines from traducing and defaming it as they had before done by some things agreed at Frankford Soon after Augustus Duke of Saxony Married Anne Daughter of Morice of the Family of Nassaw and Brother to William Prince of Orange Jerolamus
Martinego The English reject the Council who was sent to Treat with Queen Elizabeth for the same end as I have said already came into Flanders and from thence according to the ancient Custom sent for Leave to come into England but was denied it the Council of England not thinking it fit to admit a Nuncio from the Pope when there were so many Roman Catholicks in the Nation who being brought up in that Religion would be apt upon such an Encouragement to Imbroil our Affairs at home and abroad The Bishop of Viterbo the Popes Legate at Paris thereupon began to Treat with Throcmorton our Ambassador in that Court That Queen Elizabeth would be pleased to send her Ambassadours to the Council in which he was seconded by Letters from the Kings of France Spain and Portugal and the Cardinal of Portugal and the Duke de Alva To which she replied That from her Heart she desired a General Council but she would have nothing to do with a Papa That she would have nothing to do with the Pope neither whose Authority was banished out of England by the consent of the Three Estates That it belonged not to him but to the Emperour to call a Council and that she acknowledged no greater Authority in him than in any other Bishop The Twenty fifth of July Erirk King of Sweden was Crown'd with great Pomp at Stockholme upon the Baltick Sea. Erick King of Sweden Crown'd The Cardinal of Caraffa Hanged Charles Cardinal of Caraffa and Nephew of the last Pope was strangled the Sixth of March in the Castle of St. Angelo upon pretence That he had Exasperated Paul IV. his Uncle with his false Stories and put him upon a War That he had caused the Truce between France and Spain to be broken had entered underhand Treaties with the Protestant Princes of Germany and also with the Turk the Enemies of Christianity but in reality because the Pope was much offended with the sharp Answers the Cardinal made after he was imprison'd The Pope being thereupon made sensible that the Cardinal was a Person of great Spirit and Interest and if ever he were dismiss'd he would at one time or other Revenge the Quarrel upon the Popes Relations so that his Holiness contrary to his first Intentions found it was needful to cut him off though against Law as his own Canonists generally said The Count de Paliani Brother of the Cardinal of Carafsa had the same fate but on other pretences In France all that desired the Peace of the Church and the Reformation of Religion A National Council defired in France concluded the Pope would not hold a Council whatever he pretended and therefore urged the having of a National Council which was opposed by the Guises and their Faction for fear the Protestant Party should prevail in it against the Catholick They did whatever they could to perswade the King and Council from it and procured the Pope to perswade Philip King of Spain to interest himself in it who sent Anthony Bishop of Toledo to perswade the Queen to send the French Clergy to the Council of Trent and that in the mean time to prevent a Schism the thoughts of a National Council should be laid aside He had Orders also as occasion offered to threaten those who favoured the Protestants and to give assurances of his Masters readiness to support the young King which was ill taken in France as a kind of usurping a Right to interpose their Spanish Pride in the French Affairs Toledo died in France and Maurice his Successor for became very importunate with the Queen to begin a Persecution against the Protestants which was as stiffly opposed by the King of Navar year 1560 who demanded his Kingdom The King of Navar drawn over to the Popish Party by the King of Spain's Arts. and interrupted all the Spanish Proceedings by his frequent Complaints to the young King. King Philip finding to his Cost that this Princes Power was greater in France than he imagin'd began a Design upon him to make him more pliant to his Desires This was to reject his Wife and Marry Mary Queen of the Scots and then declaring himself Head of the Catholicks in France the King of Spain was to give him Sardinia for Navar and to help him to Conquer England and so two Heretical Queens were for Heresie to be laid aside and the Pope was to Consecrate and Bless the Business The King of Navar detesting the Project of Repudiating his Queen the Exchange of Sardinia was driven on with more eagerness pretending it was the greatest Island in the Mediterranean Sea next Sicily and the most fruitful rich and populous and situate very conveniently for a Conquest of Barbary This Project being also seconded by the Popes Nuncio the Cardinal of Ferrara prevented the calling of a National Council which Wise Men thought was the only thing that could have prevented the Civil War which after broke out to the almost total Ruine of France Though the Edict of July had forbidden all Meetings of the Protestants year 1561 yet their Number daily increasing and with it their Confidence A new invented Convention for the Regulating matters of Religion in France not only Sermons were openly made but the Priests were in many places forcibly expell'd and the Churches seized for the use of the Ministers which gave being to the Edict of the 3d of November for the Restitution of those Churches upon pain of Death which by the Perswasion of the Ministers themselves was obeyed throughout the Kingdom But when notwithstanding Men seem'd rather enraged than appeased by the Edict of July and the Conference of Poissy was broken up without any effect there being every day news brought of new Commotions they began to think of some more effectual Remedy which that it might meet with the greater approbation and by consequence be the more universally executed the Presidents and some chosen Members of all the Parliaments of France were summon'd before the King to St. Germain by whose Advice it was to be drawn and Moddel'd Upon which the Cardinal of Lorrain and the Duke of Guise left the Court conceiving the thing would do it self now Montmorancy and the King of Navar had espoused that Interest About the same time there was a dreadful Tumult at Dijon A Tumult aâ— Dijon whil'st the Protestants were assembled at their Sermon the Rabble thought fit to make themselves the Executioners of the Edict of July and having procured a Drum to beat before them they marched against the Huguenots but the Meeters made use of their Weapons and repell'd Force with Force The Rabble thereupon turn'd their fury against the Private Families and plundered several Houses There were also some Tumults at Paris on the same score and towards the end of the year all things tended to a general Revolution Having thus represented the State of Religion in all the rest of Christendom Scotch Affairs as shortly and as
well as I can I return now to Scotland The Messengers they had sent into France to procure the Royal Consent to the Acts they had made in their last Parliament were no sooner return'd with a positive denial and a dreadful Reprimand which frighted and exasperated the Nation both at once but they had the Joyful News of the Death of King Francis II. to their great satisfaction and the no less affliction of the French Faction in that Kingdom On the other side the Nobility who had lent their Assistance to the Expulsion of the French immediately met at Edinburg and after a Consultation sent the Lord James to their Queen to perswade her to return into Scotland Lesley however prevented them and got to her some days before the Lord James She was then at Vitrie in Campaigne whither she was retired to lament her Loss His business was Queen Maryâ— resolves to return into Scotland to bespeak her favour to the Catholick Party and return into Scotland The first she readily promised and as for the other she ordered him to Attend till she had resolved what to do It was soon after resolved that she should leave France so that the Lord James found her fixed to return when he came into France yet his Assuring her of the great desires the Nobility of Scotland had to see her there again much confirm'd her So she sent him back with Orders to see that nothing should be attempted contrary to the Treaty of Leith in her absence In March following M. Giles Noailles a Senator of Bourdeaux arrived at Leith with three Demands from the new King of France 1. That the old League between France and Scotland should be renewed 2. That the late Confederacy with England should be dissâ—lved 3. That the Church-men should be restored to all they had been deprived of But the Council replied That it did not befit them to treat of things of that Consequence before the Assembly of the States which was to be held the 21st of May when the Lord James made answer That the French and not the Scots had broke the old League by endeavouring to enslave them 2. That they could not violate the Treaty made with England and as to the third That they did not acknowledge those he interceded for to be Church men and that Scotland having renounced the Pope would no longer maintain his Priests and Vassals About the same time the Earls of Morton and Glencarn returned from England whither they had been sent with Assurances That the Queen would assist them in the Defence of the Liberties of the Kingdom if at any time they stood in need of her Help which was heard with much Joy. As the Lord James returned into Scotland he waited upon Queen Elizabeth and advised her to stop Queen Mary if she came by England as he expected she would 'till he had secured the State of Religion in Scotland The Pretestant Religion setled in Scotland for tho' she had promised She would continue all things in the State she found them yet he would not intirely rely upon her Promise having so often heard the old Maxim from the late Regent To make sure work therefore he procured an Act to be passed in this Convention for the Demolishing all the Cloysters and Abby Churches which were yet left standing in that Kingdom the Execution whereof as to the Western Parts was committed to the Earls of Arran Argile and Glencarn as to the North to the Lord James and as to the Inland Counties to some Barons that were thought the most Zealous Whereupon ensued a most deplorable Devastation of Churches and Church-buildings saith Spotiswood throughout all the Kingdom for every one made bold to put to their Hands the meaner sort imitating the Example of the greater and those who were in Authority No difference was made but all the Churches were either defaced or pulled down to the ground The Church Plate and what ever Men could make Money of as Timber Lead and Bells were put to sale and the Monuments of the Dead the Registers of the Churches and Libraries were burn'd or destroyed and what escaped the Fury of the first Tumults now perisned in a common Shipwrack and that under the colour of publick Authority John Knox is said to have very much promoted this Calamity by a Maxim he published That the sure way to drive away the Rooks was to pull down their Nests which in probability he meant only of the Monks but now their Hands were in was extended to all the Church Buildings Noailles was then in Scotland and carried the News of this dreadful Reformation to the Queen into France She was much enraged at it The Queen angry with the Proceedings and said to some of her Confidents that she would imitate Mary Queen of England but however she had wit enough to dissemble her Resentment for the present In order to her return Queen Mary goes into Scotland she left Vitri and went to Paris and having waited upon the King and Queen-Regent to take her leave of them she took her Journy towards Calais Queen Elizabeth had sent the Earl of Bedford to condole the Death of Francis her late Husband and to desire her Ratification of the Treaty of Leith but this she said she could not do 'till she had consulted with the Nobility of Scotland and when the Ambassador replied They could not but approve of what they had made she replied They did but not all and when I come amongst them it will appear what mind they are of The Duke of Guise and the rest of the great Men of that Family attended her to Calais and the Marquess of Elboeuf and Francis Grand Prior of France went with her She took Ship the 14th of August and arrived at Leith in Scotland the 20th She was much concerned for fear Queen Elizabeth might intercept her in her way home and therefore sent again for the English Ambassador but when he still insisted to have the Treaty of Leith ratified she delayed it Her Uncle the Cardinal of Lorrain advised her to leave her Jewels and Treasures in France 'till she were safe in Scotland but she said It was folly to be more concerned for her Jewels than for her Person which she must hazard The truth is her Fear was well grounded for Queen Elizabeth sent a Fleet to way-lay her but the two Navies passed by one another in a dark foggy day unperceived and she safely arrived at Leith the 21th of August The beginning of her Government was very gracious and she condescended to grant That no Change or Alteration should be made in the present State of Religion Her beginning very gracious to the Protestants only she said she would use her own Religion apart and have a Mass in private which was and by many was thought very reasonable she having been Educated in the Roman Church and being a Sovereign Princess Yet the Preachers in their Sermons publickly
condemned that Toleration of their Queen as unlawful The Preachers would not Tolerate the Queen and the Earl of Arran being exasperated by his Imprisonment on the account of Religion in France by the Order of the Guises from whence he made his Escape replied That he did neither agree to Publick nor Private Mass which highly displeased the Queen And Archimbald Douglas Provost of Edinburg See Spotiswood pag. 182. put out an Order commanding all Papists to be gone for which the Queen committed him to the Castle of Edinburg And one of the common sort of Men broke the Tapers in the Court which were prepared for her Chapel and a Tumult had ensued to the Ruine of the other Preparatives for her Chapel if some wiser Men had not interposed amongst whom the Lord James was one of the greatest and forwardest to suppress this insolent Disorder On the other side the Marquess of Elboeuf was much offended to see the Protestant Religion exercised openly in Scotland and the Earl of Huntley a vain Man proffer'd the Queen his Service to reduce all the North Parts of Scotland to the Popish Religion which was wisely rejected In the middle of September the Duke of Aumarl and the rest of the French Great kindness in shew between Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth which had come home with the Queen went back to France but the Marquess of Elboeuf who stayed with her all the Winter She sent William Lord Maitland to Queen Elizabeth with Letters full of kind and friendly Expressions and desiring the like Returns from her And amongst other things that she would declare her the lawful Heir to the Crown of England in case she Queen Elizabeth should dye without Issue which Queen Elizabeth denied but said She would never wrong her nor her Cause if it be just in the least point and that she knew not any whom she would prefer before her or who if the Title should fall to be controverted might exclude her The Queen of Scots in the mean time Queen Mary begins to favour the Romish Party caused a new Provost of Edinburg to be Elected changed the Common Council and put out a Proclamation That all her good and faithful Subjects should repair to and remain within the Birgh at their pleasure for doing their lawful Business which was in opposition to the Provost's Order She kept her Masses too more publickly and with greater pomp of all which the Ministers complain'd in vain in their Sermons The Nobility had divided the Church Lands amongst them and had now another Game to persue and were striving who should be most in the Queen's Favour The Queen's Expences being soon found too great Yet she augments her Revenues out of the Church Lands for the poor Revenues of the Crown of Scotland to maintain The Remainder of the Church Lands was divided into three parts one was assigned to the Queen one to the Ministers and the third was left to the Bishops and Parsons of the Romish Communion which they were forced to yield to to prevent the loss of all they now subsisting merely by the Queen's Favour The Earl of Huntley to be made Lord Chancellor turned Roman Catholick again which encouraged one Winyet a Priest to write a Book against the Reformation for which he was censured and forced to leave Scotland Not long after which she created the Lord James her Brother first Earl of Marr and then of Murray the Lord Ereskin claiming and at last obtaining the Earldom of Marr which much offended Huntley which had enjoyed both these Titles ever since the death of James the Fifth This made Huntley enter into many base and unworthy Designs to murder Murray which were all by one means or other discovered and at last ended in the Death of Huntley and the Execution of John Gordon his eldest Son a hopeful young Gentleman in the Year following year 1562 The beginning of the Year 1562 was very unquiet in France The French Affairs The King had called an Assembly of the Delegates of all the Parliaments of France in the end of the last year which was to meet at St. Germain the 17th of January of this year to consider of the means of appeasing these Broils and preserving the Peace of France The King opened this Assembly with a short Speech which was seconded by a larger made by the Chancellor who having given a short account of the several Edicts that had been made before in the business of Religion and shewn how they had all by one means or other been defeated He added That Laws were of no use if they were not Religiously observed But then said he if the Question is put Why are not the Laws executed Must not you that are the Judges bear the blame For if they excuse themselves and say That it was not in their power to execute them I will accept the Answer upon condition they will ingenuously confess That neither was it in the King's power And that this Affair of Religion by a secret Judgment of God for the Chastisement of our Luxury Indevotion and Neglect of his Glory is so disposed that we may by the severity of the Punishment be brought to Repentance In the year 1518 when these Commotions first began there is no Man but knows how corrupt the Manners and how loose or rather profligate the Discipline of the Church was throughout the World For to omit the Court of Rome in which there was nothing right and sound we had here in France a young King brought up in Pleasures tho' he afterwards was much improved but he was then very dissolute nor was Henry of England any better And after all the Judgments God has sent from Heaven upon us we have not repented or amended and therefore there is no wonder that this sad difference of Religion cannot be composed and the Peace of the Church restored No on the contrary it is now apparent that our Enemies are become so numerous that they are almost able to oppress us As to those who pretend that we have encreased them by our Connivance I can answer That during the minority of the King they are bolder and I would have them consider too that for our Sins God has set a Child over us There are some who would have the King arm one part of his Subjects against the other which I think is neither Christian nor Human. After very much to the same purpose he told them the Thing proposed by the King to their Consideration was Whether it was the best way for the King to Suppress the Meetings or to Tolerate them Thereupon followed a very great Debate between these Deputies of the several Parliaments of France A Debate concerning Toleration but at last they came to a Resolution to remit something of the Severity of the Edict of July and to allow the Protestants the liberty of Publick Sermons The Edict of January which granted Liberty of Conscience to
his care That the King could not neglect the cause of this sorrowful Widow and her Orphan and Children who appeal'd to his fidelity and the Memory of his Ancestors who had in all times of affliction succoured the Princes of Germany Spain and England That Philip the Bold the Son of St. Lewis had with a potent Army defended an Orphan-Queen of Navarr and brought her into France where she was after Married to Philip the Fair from whom Joan the present Queen of Navarr was lineally descended And that John Labrett the Grandfather of this Queen being in like manner persecuted by one of the Popes and driven out of a part of his Kingdom the rest had been defended and preserved by Lewis the Twelfth and his Successors That the Popes themselves have heretofore fled to the French for protection when they have been expelled out of their Sees who had often restored them defended and enriched them with the grant of many Territories That this Queen was so near a Neighbour and such an Allie to the Crown of France that no War could be made upon her without the great damage of France That all Princes were Interested in the Friendship and Peace of their Neighbours and obliged to keep all Wars at a distance from them for the preservation of their own quiet and security Since therefore his Majesty saw by this Bull that there was a design to deprive his Ancient Allies of their Dominions and at pleasure to set up others in their stead he had just reason to fear that as the Spaniards had heretofore on such pretences possess'd themselves of all the Countries to the Pyrenaean Hills so that in time they might pass them too and descend into the Plains of France and so a dismal and destructive War might be rekindled between these powerful Princes to the great hazard and ruin of Christendom Lastly the Queen of Navarr being a Feuditary of the Crown of France and having great Possessions in that Kingdom was under the Protection of the Laws of it and could not be drawn out of it to Rome either in Person or by Proxy no Subject of France being bound to go to Rome but if the Pope had any cause against them he was obliged to send Judges to determine upon the place even in those Cases that came before him by Appeal That therefore this Citation was against the Majesty Law and Security of the Crown of France and tended to the diminishing of the esteem of that King and Kingdom That if the Form of this Proceeding were considered what could be more contrary to the Civil Law than to force a man out of his proper Court and condemn him in another without any hearing For there are Laws That no accused person shall be cited out of the Limits of the Jurisdiction in which he lives and that the Citation shall not be obscure and perfunctory but declared to the proper person or to his family And the Constitution of Pope Boniface the Eighth That Citations set up in certain places of Rome should be of force was recall'd by Clement the Fifth and the Council of Venna as hard and unjust or at least mitigated and it was decreed that they should not be used but when there was no safe coming to the person accused But in France where the Queen of Navarr resides it cannot be pretended that there is no safe coming to her And what can be more contrary to Natural Equity than to condemn unheard It is forbidden by the Canons and Decrees of Councils and there is a noble example of this in Ammianus Marcellinus where Pope Liberius being urged by Constantius to condemn Athanasius chose rather to be banished than to sentence him without hearing And in the Judgment against Sixtus the Third who was accused of Incest Valentinian the Emperor observed the same method and made him appear and answer in a Synod before Fifty Bishops For the same reason the Sentence of Nicholas the First against Lotharius the Son of St. Lewis for having two Wives was thought void and null Nor was this Sentence against the Queen of Navarr of better force because she was absent and unheard That the Popes have always shewn that respect to Crown'd heads as to admonish them by their Legates before they decreed ought against them So Alexander the Third sent two Cardinals to Henry the Second into England when he was accused of the Death of Thomas a Becket A.B. of Canterbury That he might purge himself before them of this crime So of late Clement the Seventh did the like in the case of Henry the Eighth to whom he sent Cardinal Campeius And if it were granted that the Judgment were rightly passed how could the Dominions of the Queen be exposed for a prey and given to the first Invader they belonging to the King as Lord of the Fee Therefore the King believes that the Pope is deceived by false reports and instigated by the craft of his Ministers who not regarding the publick peace have drawn him from his natural goodness to Counsels which are dishonourable to his Holiness and destructive to his Authority and to that of the See of Rome tending to the alienating of the hearts of his friends from him and the disturbing of the Peace of Christendom And his Majesty is the more perswaded of the truth of this because his Holiness so earnestly espoused the Interest of Anthony the Husband of this Queen in his life-time and endeavoured to perswade King Philip to restore to him the Kingdom of Navarr or at least to give him the Island of Sardinia as an Equivalent But then there is nothing more offends the King than the considering that whereas so many Kings Princes and Free States above Forty years since have defected from the See of Rome and committed the offence charged upon the Queen and so by the rule of Justice ought to be first punished as first offending yet the Pope has not proceeded in the same way or with equal severity against any of them so that from hence it is clear that an occasion is sought by her enemies to oppress and ruin her by surprize whilest she is a Widow her Children Orphans the King of France who ought to protect her being a Minor and disturbed by Civil Wars and for this reason the King is the more obliged to defend her from injury and himself from contempt seeing without acquainting him with it they have begun this Process against a Queen so nearly related to him That if this Accusation had been made on the account of Religion and for the Glory of God the Pope ought in the first place to have shewn his care of her soul and from the Word of God to have administred fitting Remedies and not to have proscribed her Kingdoms and Dominions The Deposing of Princes and disposing of their Dominions the cause of great Calamities and given them for a prey to the first Invader The Pope has a Supremacy given him That he
gap would be opened to demand the Abrogation of all positive Ecclesiastical Constitutions by which only the Prerogative given by Christ to the Church of Rome is preserved for by those which are of Divine appointment no profit doth arise but that which is spiritual So that the Princes who expected any redress from them were in a fine case Camden in his History of Queen Elizabeth assures us The French Affairs after the Peace till the end of the Council the true reason why the Prince of Conde clapt up this Peace upon such easie and disadvantageous terms was because he had been deluded by the Queen with the vain hopes of succeeding his Brother the King of Navarr as General of all the Forces of France and that he should marry the Queen of Scotland too which he afterwards refused The English were then possess'd of Havre de Grace The Siege of Havre de Grace and had a Garrison in it and now both the Protestants and the Roman Catholicks united their Forces to deprive them of it without repaying any of the Money the Queen had expended in the War or considering what need they might after have of that Princess's protection and assistance Both parties on the contrary protest That if the English do not forthwith restore that place they should forfeit their Right to Calais which was reserved to them by the Treaty of Cambray and when this would not do they proclaimed a War against the English in France the 7th of July which was return'd them by the English till they should restore Calais The Earl of Warwick who was then Governour of Havre de Grace finding the French well disposed to betray the English in that Town into the hands of their Country-men and that they had entered into a Conspiracy to that purpose with the Rhinegrave who lay not far off with some German Forces He thereupon turn'd all the French both Protestants and Papists out of the Town without any difference and seized upon all their Ships The French thereupon without ever reflecting on their own Conspiracy against the English began a loud complaint That the English came not to protect the French in their distresses but to get the possession of the Town dealing with them not as with Brethren but as Foreigners And hereupon the French resolved to take this place upon any terms from the English and the King sent a Trumpet to the Governour to demand the Town who returned for an Answer That if the King of Spain would pass his word that Calais should be restored according to the Treaty of Cambray at the time by it appointed and that the King of France the Queen-Mother and the Princes of the Blood Royal would confirm the same by their Oaths and Register it in all the Parliaments of France and then give them Hostages of the Prime Nobility of France he would then deliver up the Town This being rejected the 22d of July Montmorency the Constable took the field all things being by that time prepared to reduce it by force The next day they summon'd the Town again Warwick replied he would suffer death rather than deliver up the place without the Queen's knowledge The Protestants fight against the English His Messenger whom he sent with this Answer happened to meet one Monie a Protestant French Captain with whom he had been familiarly acquainted in the Siege of Roan to whom he said He much wondred to see the Protestants of France who were of the same Religion with the English and for whose relief they came into France in the Camp against them Le Monie replied As you fight for your Queen so we for our King the contest is now for our Country and Religion is no way concern'd The business of Religion is now determin'd and setled by the King's Edict once for all and therefore you Sir are not to wonder if of Friends we are suddenly become your Enemies and resolved to destroy you if you do not deliver up the place to the King. When the Earl of Warwick heard this he sent presently into England for Supplies There was then a Plague in the Town which discouraged the English more than all their Enemies without There came some Ships with Relief from Eugland but the Plague continuing the Queen to preserve so many brave men gave order to the Earl of Warwick to surrender the place upon as Honourable Terms as he could get The 28th of July the Articles were Signed the next day there came sixty Ships and 1800 men to the Relief of the place but it was too late so the English that remain'd Havre de Grate surrendred to the French. were sent on Board the Fleet who had the misfortune to carry this Plague with them into England and within one year there died in London only A Plague in London 21530 persons of this Disease There was so much joy in France for the recovery of this small place that the Chancellor of France said openly That now the most malicious must needs confess That the granting Liberty of Conscience had at once delivered France from a most destructive Civil War united the Princes of the Blood Royal and enabled them to recover too what had been seized by their Enemies during the War and that chiefly by the help of the Protestants who before were so dreadful to them whilest they fought for their Religion The Queen to cut off all pretences to the Guardianship of the King by the advice of the Chancellor Charles the Ninth declared out of His Minority by the Parliament of Roan resolved to have him declared out of his Minority by the Parliament of Roan pursuant to a Constitution of Charles the Fifth King of France made in the year 1373 tho' he had then entered only into the Fourteenth year of his age which was accordingly done the 19th of August when he declared again That he was resolved not to suffer his Edicts to be disputed by his Subjects as had been done during his Minority and especially the last for the peace of Religion which he was resolved to make all his Subjects obey till it was otherwise setled by a Council This Decree met with some opposition from the Parliament of Paris which pretends to be the Supreme Court of that Kingdom and said they ought to have had the honour of declaring the King of Age and no other which was soon over-rul'd The desire I had to prosecute the Affairs of France The Scotch Affairs in 1562. and the Story of the Council of Trent has kept me from mentioning Scotland and its Affairs so that I am behind hand with that Kingdom two years In the beginning of the year 1562 Mary Queen of the Scots took her Progress towards the North At Sterling she was Petition'd by certain Commissioners of the Church for the Abolishing of the Mass and other Superstitious Rites of the Roman Religion the punishing Blasphemy the contempt of the Word of God the Profanation
Sedition there 474. Quelled and the Inhabitants Punished Severely 475. Brandenburg Duke of Appeals to a General Council from the Bishop of Bamberg 152. Brandenburg Elector vide Joachim the Marquesses of Brandenburg act against the Protestants 376. Bremer's Answer to the Proposals made to them by the Princes 502. Brentius John in great Distress at Hall about the Interim 461. Received by the D. of Wirtemberg 462. He draws up a Confession of the Divines in the Dutchy and is esteemed by the Duke 515. Bruly Peter Preaches the Reformed Religion in the Netherlands 341. Is seized upon at Tournay Ibid. The Protestants in Germany intercede for him Ibid. He is Examined 342. Burnt Ibid. Brunswick Hen. D. of hot against the Protestants 239. His Letters to the Bishop of Mentz and Eldo intercepted by the Landgrave 246. He Quarrels with the Elector of Saxony 247. Accuses the Protestants 267. Hires Incendiaries to burn some Towns in Saxony 275. Who is accused of it to the Emperor Ibid. He is thrown out by the Saxon and the Landgrave 298. Appeals to the Imperial Chamber 304. Protestants in the Diet of Spire 319. The Story of the Dukes Mistress Eve Trottine 322. He answers the Caluninies of the Confederates 323. His Country sequestred into the Emperor's Hands 326. He cheats the French King of his Money 351. His Dutchy sequestred to the Emperor 352. He is Obstinate Ib. Raises an Army 352. Makes great spoil in the Dutchy of Brunswick Ibid. Is opposed by the Landgrave 353. Emploies D. Maurice to Mediate for him Ibid. Breaks the Truce Ibid. Fights the Landgrave 354. Surrenders at Discretion Ibid Offers to betray the Popish Councils to the Landgrave 388. Is set at Liberty and goes to the Emperor at Hall 432. Commences his Actions against the Landgrave in the Imperial Chamber 474. Besieges Brunswick 500. Outed of his Country by Volrat Count Mansfield 576. Complains of it to the Emperor at Metz. Ibid. Leagues with Maurice 578. Plagues his Westphalian Neighbours 579. Routs Albert 591. Besieges Brunswick 593. Makes an Agreement with John Frederick D. of Saxony Ibid. Prosecutes the War in Albert 's Country 594. Raises Money from the Cities in the lower Saxony 602. Bucer Mart. meets Luther at Marpurg 121. Endeavours to unite Luther and Zuinglius 141. Constitutes a Church at Ulm 149. Goes to Cologne at Gropper's Invitation 288. Is kindly received by the Bishop Ibid. Preaches at Bon 310. Is opposed by the Clergy of Cologne 311. Opposes Malvenda about Justification at Ratisbon 359. Goes from the Conference Ibid. Is sent for to Ausburg 454. Rejects the Interim 457. Goes into England 479. And dies at Cambridge 513. Buda Besieged by Ferdinand 284. Taken by Solyman by a Trick 285. Budaeus Will. dies 269. Bull de Coena Domini what 42. Bull Golden what 19. Buren Maximilian Count of comes to assist the Emperor 397. He joins the Emperor 403. Takes Darmstadt 414. And Frankfort upon Composition Ibid. Dies 478. C CAden Mich. sends an Account to Nuremberg of their Ambassadors being confined at Piacenza 125. Presents a Protestant Book to Charles ibid. For which he is in danger ibid. But makes his Escape ibid. Caesar Leonard Burnt for Religion 110. Calvin John Preaches at Strasburg 241. Answers Cardinal Farnese 's Speech against the Protestants 266. Writes an Antidote against the Sorbon Doctors and a Book of Reliques 314. Is expelled Geneva 616. Campegio Cardinal goes to Nuremberg 66. Writes to the Elector Frederick Duke of Saxony 67. His Speech to the Princes of the Empire 68. His Reply to their Answer 69. His Answer to the Deputies from Strasburg 73. makes a Speech at the Diet at Worms 271. Capua Nich. Archbishop of Capua against Reformation 238. Sends a Copy of the Draught into Germany ibid. Caracciolus Martinus sent to Frederick by the Pope against Luther 38. Made a Cardinal 39. Cardinal The Delegate Cardinals draw a Model of Reformation 233. The Cardinals at the Council of Trent answer Mendoza 's Speech 360. Carolostadius Andrew disputes with Eckius at Leipzick 22. Pulls down Images at Wittemberg 52. Goes over to the Enthusiasts ibid. Writes against Luther about the Eucharist 97. Excuses himself from being engaged with the Boors ibid. Begs Luther 's Protection ibid. Capnio vide Reuchlin Cajetan Tho. Card. sent by Pope Leo to the Diet at Ausburg 4. Exhorts the Princes of the Empire to defend it against Selymus the Turk ibid. Treats with Luther at Ausburg 7. Commands Stupits to treat privately with Luther 8. Exclaims against the Council of Constance in the Council of Lateran 10. Writes to Frederick complaining against Luther ibid. Publishes Leo 's Bull at Lintz 12. Sends it to the Bishops of Germany ibid. Exasperated the Breach of Luther 24. Casa John Archbishop of Beneventum the Pope's Legate at Venice 475. Writes in defence of Sodomy 477. Prince Casimir of Brandenburg raises Troops upon Charles the Fifth's Election for his Service 18. Catharinus Ambrosius writes in defence of the Pope's Supremacy against Luther 40. Catharine of Austria Wife to Henry the Eight dies 202. Catharine de Medicis Married to Henry the second of France 168. Chabot Brian Philip Admiral of France Condemned 272. Restored 277. Chamber Imperial Delegates appointed to Reform it 161. They Prosecute the Protestants with Vigour 184. They Proscribe Minden 245. Vide Imperial Chamber in I. Charles the Fourth Emperor made the Golden Bull An. 1356. 19. Charles Duke of Bourbon besieges Marseilles 76. Takes Rome 109. Blocks up the Pope in the Castle of St. Angelo Ibid. His Soldiers commit great Insolencies Ibid. Dies 110. Is attainted by the French King Ibid. Charles the Great made Emperor at Rome 150. Charles King of Spain Competitor for the Empire 13. His Answer to Prince Palatine 18. His Genealogy 19. The Conditions which were imposed upon him as his Election 20. Goes into England 25. Thence into the Low-Countries ibid. Summons the Electors to Aix la Chapelle 36. Meets them there 37. Enters the Town in state ibid. The Ceremonies of his Coronation ibid. His Oath ibid. Goes to Cologne and calls a Diet to Worms 38. Promises Luther a publick hearing at the Diet 41. Writes to Luther and gives him safe Conduct 42. Writes to the Princes against Luther 44. Proscribes him 48 49. Makes War with Francis I 50. And takes Milain ibid. Returns into Spain 51. Goes into England by the way and makes a League with Henry VIII ibid. Answers the Complaints exhibited by the free Cities against the Diet at Nuremberg 66. Complains to the Diet that the Decree of Worms was not observed 73. Chides the States and Princes for attempting to call a General Council 75. Takes King Francis Prisoner at Pavia 79. Desires that a Diet may be called at Ausburg 96. Treats a Peace with Francis 102. The Articles of Peace ibid. Writes to the Diet at Spire that the Decree at Worms should be kept 103. Marries the King of Portugal 's Daughter 105. Answers Pope Clement 's angry Letter 106. His Letter to the
College of Cardinals 107. He answers the Confederates Proposals 109. He leaves off publick Sports when he understood that Rome was taken 109. Accuses the French King of Breach of Faith 112. Answers the French King's Challenge 115. Calls a Synod to be held at Spire ibid. Answers the Protestant Ambassadors at Piacenza 124. Confines the Protestant Ambassadors to their Lodgings 125. Calls a Diet at Augsbourg 126. Is Crowned at Rome by the Pope ibid. Makes his Entry into Augsbourg 127. Makes a Speech to the Princes of the Diet ibid. Consents at last that the Augustane Confession should be read to him 129. His Speech to the Princes 133. He threatens the Protestant Princes 134. Debates with them about a Decree 135. As also with the Deputies of particular Cities 138. Denies the Liberty which the Protestants demanded 139. Rescinds Albert of Brandenburg 's Transactions with the King of Poland ibid. Calls the Electors together to choose a K. of the Romans at Cologne 142. His Reasons for choosing a King of the Romans 143. He commands the Protestants to acknowledge Ferdinand King of the Romans 148. He gives them notice of a Turkish Invasion ibid. Calls a Diet at Spire 152. Removes it to Ratisbon 155. And confirms a Peace there to all Protestants 160. Sollicites for aid against the Turks to little purpose 161. Goes to Italy 162. Writes into Germany to obey Ferdinand ibid. Makes a League with Pope Clement ibid. His Ambassador goes with the Pope's Legate to the D. of Saxony ibid. His Ambassador's Speech to the Duke 163. Stands to the determination of Ferdinand concerning the D. of Wirtemberg 174. Goes into Africa 180. Takes Goletta ibid. Restores Muley Hazem to the Kingdom of Tunis ibid. Encourages the Prosecutions of the Imperial Chamber 184. His Speech against the French King 204. Writes to the Protestants in Germany 208. Is unsuccessful in France ibid. Sends Eldo his Ambassador to Smalcald to treat with the Protestants 212. Makes a Truce with the King of France 232. Meets Francis at Aigues Mortes 239. Accommodates with the Protestants at Francfort 248. Goes through France into Flanders 252. His Answer to the Protestants Ambassadors 255. He punishes the City of Ghent for its Insurrection 262. He writes to the Elector of Saxony and the Landgrave about a Peace 263. Denies the D. of Cleve's Petition 266. Confirms the Decree at Haguenaw 269. Invites the Protestants to meet at Wormes ibid. He dissolves the Conference at Wormes 272. Appoints Persons to conferr at Ratisbon 276. His Exhortations to them ibid. Referrs Religious Matters to a Council 282. He makes a Private Grant to the Protestants 283. Complains of the D. of Cleve ibid. Sails into Africk 285. Loses his Fleet by a Storm ibid. Writes to the Senate at Metz to allow no Change in Religion 298. His Manifesto against the French King to the Pope 300. His Answer to the Cardinals of the Mediation who were sent by the Pope 303. His Soldiers waste Juliers and take Duren ibid. Writes to the Protestants from Genoa 311. Has an Interview with the Pope 312. Refuses to Confirm Parma and Piacenza to the Pope's Son ibid. Delivers Leghorn and the Castle of Florence to Cosmo Medicis ibid. Makes his Son King of Spain ibid. Makes a League with the K. of England ibid. Answers the Protestants Ambassadors from Smalcald ibid. Refuses to make up the Business with the D. of Cleve 313. He threatens the Hildesheymers ibid. Writes to the Senate of Cologne ibid. Goes to Bonne 314. Makes a prosperous War upon the Duke of Cleve 315. Restores him upon his Submission ibid. Sends to the City of Metz to renounce the Reform'd Religion 316. Goes into Guelderland 317. Makes the French yield at Landrecy ibid. Answers the Saxons and Landgrave's Letter ibid. Opens the Diet of Spire with a Speech ibid. Waves the Controversie between the D. of Brunswick and the Confederate Protestants 319. His Expedition into France 326. Makes a Pacification with the French King 327. Makes Severe Edicts against the Lutherans in the Netherlands 342. Comes to Wormes 348. His Embassadors to the K. of Poland ibid. Endeavours a Treaty of Peace with the Protestants 349. Makes a Truce with the Turk 351. Takes the Clergy of Cologne into his Protection ibid. Cites the Archbishop of Cologne ibid. Writes to the Doctors of the Conference at Ratisbon 359. Answers the Protestant Ambassadors about the Elector of Cologne 360. He goes to Spire on his way to Ratisbon 367. Treats with the Landgrave and the Elector Palatine there 368. Comes to Ratisbon 374. Opens the Diet ibid. Sends the Cardinal of Trent to Rome to sollicite for assistance 375. Makes Preparation for War ibid. Answers the Protestant Deputies 376. Writes to the Protestant Free Cities ibid. Writes to the Duke of Wirtemberg 377. He sends an Embassie to the Switzers 380. Makes a League against the Reformed 381. Acquaints the Elector Palatine with the Reasons why he made War upon the Protestants 383. His Letter to the Archbishop of Cologne 385. His Forces at Ratisbon 389. He Outlaws the Elector of Saxony and the Landgrave ibid. Invites D. Maurice to take Possession of the Landgrave's and the Saxon 's Territories 391. Refuses to hear the Protestant Messengers 394. And answers their Objections ib. Is joined by the Pope's Troops ibid. An account of his Army 395. He marches to Ratisbon ibid. His great Courage 398. He and the Pope pretend different causes of the War Ibid. His Letter to the Protestant Switzers Ibid. He takes Donawert by Surrender 405. Is Master of the Danube 406. Is oppressed at Gienghen a Town on the Danube and uses Tricks to get off 407. The Plague in his Camp Ibid. Removes his Camp 410. Recovers by Surrender several Towns in Frankenland 412. Writes a severe Letter to the Duke of Wirtemberg Ibid. Commands his Subjects not to obey him 413. Takes Ulm by Surrender Ibid. Is reconciled to the Duke of Wirtemberg 415. Several Protestant Cities yield to him 416. Goes to Ulm 417. He receives Lindaw and Esling into favour Ibid. Commands the Arch-Bishop of Cologne to stand by the Popes Sentence Ibid. He raises Forces against the Elector of Saxony 419. He receives the Strasburghers Submission 423. His Letters to the States of D. Maurice Ibid. And to those of Prague Ibid. Another Letter of his to the States of Bohemia 425. His Expedition against the Duke of Saxony 426. His celerity in overtaking him 427. Defeats him and takes him Prisoner Ibid. Condemns the Duke of Saxony to Death Ibid. Proposes conditions of Peace to him and calls a Diet at Ulm 428. Proposes Conditions of Peace to the Landgrave 430. Answers the Landgrave at Hall 432. Detains him Prisoner treacherously 433. Intends to fall upon Magdebourg but is diverted by Vogelsberg's raising Troops in Germany 434. Is reconciled to some Towns in Saxony 435. Publishes his Pacification with the Landgrave Ibid. Squeezes Money from the Germans 436. And proscribes Magdebourg Ibid. Solicites the Switzers to make a
of Cologne Herman calls a Provincial Council 209. Endeavours a Reformation 310. Confers with Bucer Ibid. Oppos'd by the Clergy 311. Who Publish their Anti-Didagma Ibid. And oppose Bucer Ibid. The Bishop Mediates for the Duke of Cleve 313. The Clergy plead against their Arch-Biship 340. They appeal to the Pope and Emperor Ibid. The Arch-Bishop Answers their appeal Ibid. They Subscribe the Appeal 341. The Arch-Bishop is cited by the Emperor and the Pope 351. Answers to his Citation to the Emperor 352. Appeals to a Council 411. The Arch-Bishop is deposed by the Pope 417. He is Perswaded to resign his Bishoprick 418. Vide Adolph Count Schauwenbourg Herman the Old Bishop dies 573. Conclave The Ceremonies there practised in the choosing of Popes 489. Confederate Princes against Charles the V. propose conditions to him 109. Vide Maurice Consecrations of all Sorts Bells Churches Altars c. 481 482. Constance Council decreed a Pope subject to a Council 9. That safe Conducts should be Null to declared Hereticks 47. That the Laity should Communicate in one Kind Ibid. The Bishop of Constance Hugh opposes Zuinglius 51. Sends a Book about Images to the Senate at Zurich 72. They abolish Popery 112. They send Deputies with humble Submission to the Emperor 469. Their Bishop dies of an Apoplexy Ibid. They repulse the Spaniards who would seize the Town 470. Vpon their being proscribed they desire the Switzers to intercede for them 471. They surrender intirely to the House of Austria 474. The Conditions upon which K. Ferdinand receives them ibid. Contarini Card. the Pope's Legate at Ratisbon his Opinion at the Diet 279. His Exhortation to the Bishops 280. His Speech is communicated to the States ibid. He gives in other Papers to the Diet 281. Protests by Letter against a National Council 282. Accused to the Pope and dies 299. Cosimo succeeds Alexander de Medicis in the Dutchy of Florence 210. Marries Eleanor Daughter to the Viceroy of Naples ibid. Cosmus vide Cosimo Coyre Bishop of Coyre recalled by the Grisons from the Council of Trent 529. Cranmer Tho. A. B. of Canterbury calls Bucer and Fagius into England 479. Vindicates himself from the aspersions of the Papists 590. Is sent to the Tower ibid. Burnt at Oxford ibid. Crescentio Cardinal the Pope's Legate at the Council of Trent 518. Dies at Verona 548. Falls sick with seeing an Apparition of a Black Dog ibid. Cronberg Walter Grand Master of the Teutonick Order 99. Sollicites Char. V. for aid against Albert the late Grand Master 139. VVhich was granted ibid. The Emperor in the Diet of Ratisbon ratifies Cronberg 's Title 161. Cusanus Nicolaus Cardinal vide Sigismund D DEcius Philip writes for the Council of Pisa 27. Denmark vide Christiern K. of Denmark sent no aid to the Protestants 415. His Ambassador intercedes for the Landgrave 534. Deux-Ponts vide Wolfgang D. of Deux-Ponts Diazi John goes to the Conference at Ratisbon 365. Is earnestly perswaded by Malvenda to turn Papist 366. And by his Brother Alfonso Diazi ibid. Goes to Newbourg ibid. Is Assassinated there 367. The Ruffians fled to Inspruck ibid. Ditlebius Valentine his Letter to Frederick 33. Doria Andrew a Genoese Char. V's Admiral restores Liberty to his Country 416. His Kinsman Joannin Doria is killed in an Insurrection ibid. Dragut a Pirate forced from Tripoly by Char. V. flies to Constantinople 500. E EBleben Christopher Negotiates a Peace for the Landgrave 430. Dies for Grief that the Conditions were so treacherously kept 434. Eckius John Writes against Luther 3. Disputes with him at Leipzick 21. Maintains the Pope's Supremacy against him 22. Exasperates the Quarrel 24.34 Disputes at Baden with Oecolampadius 105. Disputes with Leonard Caesar 110. Answers the Augustan Confession 130. Answers the Confession of the Confederate Cities 139. Is rewarded for his zeal in oppugning Heresie Ibid. Is displeased with the Book which was presented to the Diet at Ratisbon 278. Writes to the Prinoes against the Collocutors 282. Eckius a Lawyer draws up Luther's charge at Wormes 42. Questions him if he will defend his Books Ibid. Replies to Luther 's Plea 44. Commands him to leave Wormes 46. Edward VI. of England born 232. Succeeds his Father 418. Beats the Scots by the D. of Somerset 440. Establishes the Reformation in England 443. Publishes a Declaration about the War in Scotland 454. The Mass is abolished in England 463. The Admiral the D. of Somerset 's Brother is Beheaded for Treason 479. Troubles in his Reign 485. Concludes a Treaty of Peace with France 492. And a Peace concluded 495. Bologne Restored to the French ibid. He dies 585. Egmont Charles Count dies 240. Eldo Mathias Vice-Chancellor to Char. V. sent Ambassador to the German Princes 212. His Speech to them at Smalcald 213. His Reply ex Tempore to their Answer 218. He sollicites a Holy League amongst the Popish Princes 245. Loses his Interest in the Emperor's Court 255. Elector vide Albert 14. The Elector's Answer to the Emperor at Ratisbon 281. The Electors of the Rhine meet about the Elector of Cologne 356. The Electors separate their Councils at the Diet of Ratisbon 375. Ecclesiastical Electors severe for the Interim 477. And hold Synods wherein the Trinkets of Popery are restored 481. They complain of the Soldiers who came from Magdebourg 535. Emperor how chosen 19. Now subject to the Pope in his Election 38. Empire vide Princes English refuse to pay First-fruits for Benefices of small value 63. English Bibles Printed at Paris 241. Enthusiasts begin to Preach in Germany 52. Erard Bishop of Liege dies 240. Erasmus writes to Frederick in Luther 's behalf 21. And to Luther Encouraging him to go on but calmly ibid. And to Rome in favour of Reuchlin 31. Writes about Free-will 75. VVrites against the Reformers under the Title of Gospel-teachers 122. VVrites to Campegio to promote Vnity in Germany 133. His Jest upon Eckius and Faber 139. Quarrels with Luther again about Free-will 170. Dies 209. His Colloquies forbidden by the Delegate Cardinals 236. Erixon Gustavus wrests Sweden from Christiern King of Denmark 62. Marries Steno Stura 's Daughter ibid. Ernest D. of Brunswick taken Prisoner by the Emperor 427. Is set at liberty 428. Exorcisms with the Cermeonies 481. Eysenach a Town in Thuringia a Convention of the Protestants there 244. F. FAber John Deputy to the Bishop of Constance at Zurick 57. Faber Jacobus Stapulensis persecuted by the Sorbonists 98. The King of France writes on his behalf out of Spain ibid. Farel William Preaches at Metz 290. Farnese Cardinal his Speech to the Emperor against the Protestants 264. Retires from the Emperors Court 266. Goes to the Diet of Wormes with the Emperor 348. Goes from thence to Rome 349. Farnese Octavio General of the Pope's Troops which help'd the Emperor against the Protestants 394. Has Parma secur'd to him by P. Julius the III 492. Puts a French Garrison into Parma 513. Is Cited to Rome ibid. Pursues the Business of Parma 514. Being supported
Ceremony of it Ibid. Persecutes the Lutherans severely in France 456. Enters Paris in State 484. Crowns his Queen Ibid. Persecutes the Lutherans Ibid. Makes a League with the Switzers Ibid. Regains several Places from England 485. Publishes another Edict against the Lutherans 492. Sends a Letter to the Pope about his assisting Octavio Farnese 514. He declares War against the Emperor with his reasons 517. Justifies himself from Leagues with the Turk 518. Sends the Abbot of Bellozane to Trent with a Letter to the Council Ibid. He Publishes an Edict against the Pope 521. And another against the Lutherans Ibid. Answers the Emperors Declaration 522. Hinders the Switzers from sending Ambassadors to the Council of Trent 528. He sends Ambassadors to Duke Maurice 529. Makes Peace with the Pope 548. He declares War against the Emperor 553. Calls himself Protector of the Liberties of Germany 554. He takes Toul Verdun Metz 555. Takes an Oath of Allegiance from the People of Metz Ibid. His Treaty with the Strasburghers 557. His answer to the Princes Ambassadors 558. The reasons of his leaving Germany 559. His answer to the Switzers Ibid. He Wastes Luxembourg 563. His Ambassadors Speech at the Treaty of Passaw 564. He Sollicites again by Letters from Aichstadt 567. He brings his Men from Luxembourg back into Artois 571. Is offended with the Pacification at Passaw 572. Writes to the Emperor 576. Sends a Declaration to the States of the Empire 577. Carries on the War in the Low Countries 603. But is beaten in Tuscany in the Sienese War 604. His Letter to the Diet at Francfort Ibid. Takes Casal 613. Carries on the War into Montferrat 617. Hereford vide Fox Herman vide Cologne Hesse vide Philip Landgrave Hildesheym a City in the Dutchy of Brunswick embraces the Protestant Religion 300. they are accused by their Bishop to the Emperor 313. Hogostratus James a Dominican writes against Luther 4. Commissioned by Maximilian to Examine Jewish Books 30. Writes against Reuchlin Ibid. Is cast by the Bishop of Spire Ibid. Appeals to Rome Ibid. Leaves his Cause Ibid. Examines two Augustine Friars at Brussels 63. Holland an Inundation there 137. Hooper John Bishop of Glocester burnt for his Religion 607. Huberine Caspar an Interimist Preaches at Augsbourg 535. Hugh Capet makes himself King of France 150. Huglie John a Protestant burnt for Religion by the Bishop of Constance 105. Hungarians beg for assistance at the Diet of Spire 324. Their Horse join Duke Maurice 409. Husse John Preaches Wiclef's Doctrine 46. Appeals from the Pope to Christ Ibid. Went to the Council of Constance with safe Conduct 47. There burnt Ibid. Hutton Ulricus a Noble Man of Franconia 65. Favours Luther and dies Ibid. I JAmes the V. of Scotland Marries King Francis 's Daughter 209. His Queen dies 230. Makes a War with England unsuccessfully 304. Dies Ibid. Jerome Bishop of Brandenbourg 2. Jerome of Prague burnt at the Council of Constance 47. Jerome Bishop of Ascoli summons Luther by P. Leo's Order to appear at Rome 5. Jews compared with Roman Clergy 29. Illyricus Matthias Flaccius Writes against the Adiaphorists 498. Imperial Chamber Vide Protestants is set up again in the Diet at Augsbourg 466. The Judges fly from Spire for fear of the Confederate Princes 557. They answer Marquess Albert's Deputation about the Franconian Bishops 577. They decree in Favour of the Bishops 578. Indulgences Preacht up in Germany 1 2. Confirmed by Pope Clement 's Decree in the Extravagants 9. Why granted 273. Indult vide P. Paul the III. P. Innocent the III. Decreed to the Electoral Princes a right of chusing the Emperor 21. His decree de Majoritate Obedientia 107. Inquisition its Original 434. Inquisitors about the Emperor's Edict of Religion in the Netherlands how they proceed 498. Interim drawn up at Augsbourg 454. The heads of it 458. Often Revised and Corrected 459. Sent to Rome ibid. The Electors differ in their Opinion about it ibid. Those who draw it up are rewarded 468. It is disliked on both sides Ibid. Confuted by the Saxon Divines 481. Joachim Elector of Brandenbourg sends an Embassie to the Elector of Saxony 242. Sends Agents to Eysenach 244. Made Geneali ssimo against the Turks 292. He Strikes in with the Papists in the War against the Smalcaldick League 375. Interposes for a Peace 418. With the Landgrave Ibid. Intercedes for Saxony 427. And his Life was spared at his Intercession 428. Intercedes for the Landgrave 429. Remonstrates to the Emperor for him at Hall 433. Calls Bucer to Augsbourg 454. Angry with him for not subscribing the Interim 457. Receives the Interim 461. Acts with Duke Maurice in the Magdeburgick War 505 506. He sends Ambassadors to the Conncil of Trent 526. His Ambassadors with those of D. Maurice Sollicite the Emperor about the Landgrave 531. John XXII P. vide Aquinas John King of Denmark overthrows the Swedes 62. Dying leaves his Son Christian of six Years of Age Ibid. John succeeds his Brother Frederick of Saxony 84. Goes to Franck-hausen against Muncer 's Gang Ibid. Comes to the Diet at Augsbourg 127. Excuses the Landgrave's going from Augsbourg to the Emperor 131. Procures the removal of the Guards from the Gates of Augsbourg 131. Is cited by the Emperor to Cologne 141. Sends his Son and goes himself to Smalcald 142. Writes to the Confederate Princes to hinder an Election of a King of the Romans 143. Protests by his Son against Ferdinand 's Election to be King of the Romans 144. Pleads Age and demands safe conduct before his going to the Diet at Spire 153. Gives an Answer to the Elector of Mentz and the Prince Palatine 154. The conditions upon which he would acknowledge a King of the Romans 157. Dies 161. John Frederick Son to John D. of Saxony answers the Emperors and Popes Ambassadors 163. Yields to acknowledge Ferdinand K. of the Romans 173. Answers Vergerius 's Propositions for a Council 181. Negotiates with Ferdinand to stop the Prosecutions of the Imperial Chamber 185. Goes to Smalcald 189. Negotiates with Henry VIII of England 205. Quarrels with his Cousin George D. of Saxony 206. He communicates the Embassy of the Elector of Brandenbourg to the Landgrave 243. His Answer to the Brandenbourghers Embassy Ibid. Goes to the Convention at Eysenach 244. Quarrels with the D. of Brunswick 247. Writes to the French K. in behalf of the D. of Wirtemberg 249. He sends Ambassadors into England 252. He Answers the Emperors Letters 263. Quarrels with Naumburg about a Bishop 288. Puts in Amstorfius Ibid. Makes War upon the D. of Brunswick with the Landgrave 298. The Declarations of the Reasons of their undertaking Ibid. Their answer to the Message of the States of the Empire 299. Intercedes to no purpose for the D. of Cleve 313. Accommodates with King Ferdinand 325. His Son is affianced to K. Ferdinand 's Daughter Ibid. Writes to the Emperor about the D. of Brunswick 354. He armes against the Emperor 384. He and the Landgrave
27. He Writes to Charles V. 31. And to the States of the Empire Ibid. And Submissively to the Bishop of Mentz 32. And to the Bishop of Mersburgh 33. Opposes the Popes Bull and appeals to a General Council 36. Writes about the Babylonish Captivity Ibid. Condemns the Doctrine of the seven Sacraments Ib. Writes against the Popes Bull Ibid. His Books burnt by the Popes Messengers to Frederick 39. He burns the Canon-Law and the Popes Bull Ibid. His reasons for it Ibid 40. Answers Ambrosius Catharinus 40. Promises to appear at Wormes in a Letter to Frederick 41. Is put into the Bull de Coena Domini 42. Turns it into High-Dutch and writes Animadversions Ibid. Goes to Wormes ibid. Is disswaded from it Ibid. To no Purpose Ibid. Owns his Books ibid. Takes time to consider of his defence ibid. has a day allowed ibid. Pleads to his Accusation before the Emperor and States 43. Answers Eckius's Returns upon his Plea 44. Meets Commissioners who were to hear him privately ibid. His Answer to the Commissioners 45. Parlies with them 46. Submits to the next General Council ibid. Goes home from Wormes ibid. Writes to the Emperor for Protection upon the Road ibid. And to the States ibid. Drolls in his Answer to the Parisian Censure of his Books 47. Writes Letters to strengthen his Friends in his Retirement 49. And Books against the Mass and Monastick Vows and one against Latomus ibid. Answers Henry the VIII sharply 50. Returns to Wittemberg 51. Excuses it to Frederick ibid. Disapproves the taking down of Images 52. He writes to the Boliemians to perswade them to Vnity 53. Writes against false Bishops ibid. Calls himself Preacher of the Gospel ibid. Refuses to stand to the Determination of any under God 54. Translates Adrian 's Instructions to the Diet with Remarks 60. Interprets the Decree of the Diet at Nuremberg 64. And adds thereto a Discourse against Private Masses 65. Admonishes the Princes of Germany 75. Writes de Servo Arbitrio against Erasmus ibid. Warns the Saxons of Muncer 86. Writes a Book to prevent Sedition ibid. His Answer to the Demands of the Boors in Schwabia 90. His Momtory Epistle to the Princes and Nobility 94. His General Epistle to Nobility and Boors 95. His Alarm against the Boors 96. Censured as too sharp ibid. He defends it afterwards ibid. Writes against Caralostadius about the Eucharist 97. Vndertakes his Protection upon his Submission ibid. Marries a Nuâ— ibid. Differs with Zuinglius about the Eutharist ibid. Writes submissively to Henry VIII 100. And to George D. of Saxony 101. Complains of K. Henry 's Answer 102. Has a Conference with Zuinglius at Marpurgh 121. Writes to the Bishops at the Diet of Augsbourg 140. Comforts Melancthon ibid. He defends the League of Smalcald 148. He perswades the Leipzickers to continue Protestants 168. He justifies himself from the Charge of Rebellion ibid. Quarrels with Erasmus 170. Writes against the Anabaptists at Munster 199. Wrote against the Draught of a Reformation published by the Delegate Cardinals 238. VVrites against the Antinomians 244. Preaches at Leipzick 250. He publishes a Book about the Authority of Councils ibid. He writes against the D. of Brunswick 272. He Installs Amstorfius 288. VVrites against Phlugius ib. VVrites a Camp Sermon for those who went against the Turks 292. His Opinion about Magistracy 293. His second Camp Sermon 294. His Prayer against the rage of the Turks 295. He writes about the Sacrament 340. Answers what the Lovain Doctors wrote against the Reformation 343. Publishes a Book against the Roman Hierarchy 349. His Theses about Government ib. His Ludicrous Pictures about the Pope ibid. VVrites to disswade the Protestants from Releasing the D. of Brunswick 354. He goes to Isleben to be an Arbitrator between the Counts Mansfeild 362. Falls sick ibid. His Prayers 363. Dies ibid. Is buried at Wittemberg ibid. His Life ibid. His Skill in the German Language ibid. His undaunted courage ibid. M. MAgdebourg refuses to submit to the Emperor 434. Is Proscribed 436. In great distress upon that account 485. They publish a Manifesto 486. Another Manifesto of theirs 496. They are routed by the D. of Mecklenbourg 500. Conditions are proposed to them 501. They publish a third Declaration ibid. They Sally out briskly upon Maurice 502. They answer the Deputation of their own States 502. They overcome D. Maurice in a Sally and take the D. of Mecklenbourg Prisoner 505. They are sollicited to surrender 506. The Declaration of the States and Clergy against them ibid. Their Answer to it 508. A Mutiny in the Town 515. They accept of a Peace 528. Their Preachers Vindicate themselves to D. Maurice 529. They get credit by their constancy ibid. Malvenda opens the Conference at Ratisbon 359. Treats of Justification ibid. Answers Bucer ibid. Mantua a Council called to meet there by P. Paul III. 207. The D. of Mantua demanded a Garrison before the Council should sit 230. Marcellus II. chosen Pope 615. Dies after a Reign of 22 days ibid. Marot Clement an account of him 310. Mary Q. of Hungary made Governess of the Netherlands 149. Goes to Augsbourg to Mediate for the mitigation of the Emperors Edict 501. Holds a Convention of the States of the Netherlands at Aix la Chapelle 560. She stops the Landgrave at Mastricht 573. Mary Q. of Scots Troubles in her Minority 316. Affianced to Prince Edward of England ibid. Is carried into France 477. Mary Daughter to Henry VIII Proclaims her self Queen of England upon K. Edward's death 589. Enters London ibid. Makes Gardiner Chancellor ibid. Beheads the D. of Northumberland ibid. She Establishes the Popish Religion again in England 591. Orders a publick Disputation at London 593. Dissolves K. Edward 's Laws about Religion in Parliament 595. Marries Pr. Philip of Spain ibid. Breaks Wiat 's Conspiracy 596. Beheads Jane Grey and the Duke of Suffolk ibid. Banishes Foreign Protestants out of England 597. Publishes a Book of Articles about Religion ibid. Commits the Princess Ellizabeth to the Tower 598. Her Marriage with K. Philip is solemnized with great splendor 604. Calls a Parliament wherein England is again subjected to Rome 605 606. Dissolves that Parliament 607. Burns several for Religion ibid. She mediates a Peace between the Emperor and King of France 616. It was reported that she was with Child ibid. She encreases the Persecution in England ibid. Her Ambassadors return home from Rome 618. She calls a Parliament where she proposes the Restitution of the Church-Lands in vain 627. Martyr Peter comes into England and professes Divinity at Oxon 443. Disputes there about the Lord's Supper 483. Is in trouble upon Edward 's Death 590. Applies himself to Cranmer ibid. Gets leave to be gone ibid. Goes to Zurich 637. Matthews John a great Prophet among the Anabaptists commands a Community of Goods 194. Runs Truteling through with a Pike by Inspiration ibid. Is run through himself by a Soldier ibid. Maurice D. of Saxony Marries the Landgrave's Daughter 272.
Quarrels with the Elector of Saxony 292. Is wounded in Hungary 304. Refuses to enter into the Protestant League after his Father's death ibid. Makes Laws for the Government of the Country 311. Endeavours an accommodation between the D. of Brunswick and the Landgrave 353. Perswades the D. of Brunswick to surrender 354. Purges himself of Treachery ibid. Holds a Secret Conference with the Emperor at Ratisbon 380. Has a Conference with K. Ferdinand 391. Calls a Convention of the States at Chemnitz 405. Consults against the Protestants ibid. His Friends write to the Protestants 406. He writes to the Landgrave ibid. Writes to the Elector 409. And to his Son ibid. Takes most of the Electors Towns ibid. Is ill spoken of and Lampoon'd by the Protestants 410. Publishes a Manifesto to clear himself ibid. Joins Ferdinand to go towards Bohemia 423. Intercedes for the Landgrave 429. Writes to the Landgrave to comply 430. Receives Wittemberg with the rest of the Electorate from the Emperor 431. Exacts an Oath of Allegiance of John Frederick 's Subjects ibid. Promises the Landgrave to interceed with the Emperor at Hall 433. And Remonstrates about it ibid. Receives the Wittemberg Divines Graciously 435. He is invested in the Electorate Solemnly at Augsbourg 457. Calls a Convention at Meissen who draw up a Form of Religion for Saxony 478. Intercedes with Prince Philip for the Landgrave ibid. Writes to the States to clear himself from the imputation of Popery 484. His Deputies at Augsbourg protest against the Council of Trent 499. He engages in the Expedition against the Magdebourghers 502. He is made Generalissimo of that War 503. He attacks the Magdebourghers 504. Defeats Heideck and Mansfeldt ibid. He promises the Landgrave Aid secretly 505. Routed in a Sally by the Magdebourghers ibid. Proposes Conditions of Peace to the Town 515. Commands his Divines to draw up a Consession of their Faith ibid. Demands a safe Conduct for his Divines to go to the Council of Trent 516. Sends the Proposals to the Magdebourghers by Heideck 521. He holds a Convention about the business of Magdebourg 525. He takes an Oath of Fidelity from the men of â—atzenelbogen 526. He concludes a Peace with the City of Magdebourg 528. Complains of the Preachers ibid. Hatches a War against the Emperor 529. Sends Ambassadors to the Emperor about the Landgrave 531. He holds a Conference with Prince William the Landgrave's Son 534. His Ambassadors come to Trent and declare their Instructions 537. They join with the Agents of Wirtemberg and Strasburg to sollicite for the hearing of the Protestants in the Council ibid. The Saxon Divines are upon their way to come to the Council 541. The Ambassadors complain against Pelargus ibid. Maurice sends Letters to his Ambassadors 542. They leave Trent secretly ibid. His care for the release of the Landgrave 549. He declares War against the Emperor 550. Takes the Field and joins with Marq. Albert 555. He goes with the other Princes and besieges Ulm 556. Treats with Ferdinand of Conditions of Peace ibid. Writes to the French King 558. His Army Skirmishes with the Imperialists 559. A Mutiny in his Camp for want of Pay ibid. His Soldiers make the Emperor fly from Inspruck 560. Which is Plundered ibid. They Publish a Declaration ibid. He restores the Outed Ministers ibid. His Grievances at the Treaty of Passaw 563. His Proposals at the Treaty 566. He is impatient of delay and hastens Ferdinand 568. He returns to the Confederates 569. Besieges Franefort ibid. At last he accepts a Peace 571. Sends his Forces into Hungary 573. Sends Commissioners to treat with John Frederick's Commissioners to no purpose 577. Went to Heidelberg to mediate between Albert and the Bishops 578. Makes a League with the D. of Brunswick ibid. Declares War against Marq. Albert 581. He overcomes Albert and is killed in the Fight 586. His Death foretold by Prodigies ibid. Maximilian Emperor holds a Diet at Augsbourg 4. Writes in August 1518. to Pope Leo to correct Luther and to put an end to his growing Heresies 5. Dies Jan. 12. 1519. 13. Sends Ambassadors to the Council of Pisa 26. Goes off to Pope Julius 27. Sends Langus to the Lateran Council ibid. Commissions Hogostrate and Reuchlin to examine Jewish Books 30. Wars with the Switzers 469. Maximilian Son to Ferdinand comes into Germany out of Spain 505. Is well beloved ibid. He returns home from Spain 529. Is honourably received at Trent 535. Goes to Brussels 637. Mecklenbourg vide George D. of Mecklenbourg Mechlin almost consumed by Lightning 392. Medices the rise of that Family to Greatness 169. Meinier President of the Parliament of Aix persecutes the Waldenses 345. Vses the Inhabitants of Merindol and Cabriers barbarously 345 346. Meissen John Bishop of Meissen Opposes Luther about Communion in both kinds 25. Melancthon Philip comes to Wittemberg 21. Goes to Leipzick ib. Answers the Parisian Censure of Luther 's Books 47. Comes to the Diet at Augsbourg 127. One of the Protestant Deputies there to mediate an Accommodation 132. Very much disconsolate 140. Comforted by Luther ibid. Comes to Cologne 310. Defends Bucer 311. His Opinion about Indifferent Things 481. He draws up a Confession of Faith for the Saxon Divines 515. Congratulates John Frederick 's safe Return home 574. Sends Letters of Comfort to the Banished Bohemian Preachers 613. Mendoza sent by the Emperor to the Council of Trent 360. Ambassador to Strasbourg 419. His Speech to the Pope about the Council from the Emperor 443. Sends the Pope's Answer to the Emperor 445. Mentz the Seat of the Elector four German miles from Francfort 13. Elector of Mentz vide Albert. The Elector approves the Interim craftily in the Diet 460. Sends the Pope's Indult into the Landgraviate 483. Denies to Register Manrice 's Protestation against a Council 499. He leaves Trent 543. He flies from Albert of Brandenbourg 567. He dies 614. Mersburgh Bishops Answer to Luther 33. Milan the Council removed thither from Pisa 27. Miltitz Charles Bedchamber man to Pope Leo vide Wittemberg Miltitz sent by Leo to Frederick against Luther 12. Treats with Luther 23. And the Augustine Friars concerning him ibid. Minden proscribed by the Imperial Chamber 245. Mirandula Joannes Picus his Books Censured 28. Monte Cardinal de the Pope's Legate at Bononia His Answer to the Pope's Letter 444. His Insolent Vsage of Vargas the Emperor's Ambassador at Bononia 446 447. Made Pope and called Julius III. 492. Montmorency Anne made Constable of France 239. Is in disgrace 277. Gains Favour with Henry II. King of France Takes Metz for the French King 555. His Treaty with the Deputies of Strasbourg 557. More Sir Thomas Chancellor of England 180. Beheaded for not denying the Pope's Supremacy Ibid. Morin John under-Provost of Paris prosecutes the Protestants severely 175. Morone John Legate to P. Paul III. at Spire 291. Muleasses K. of Tunis outed of his Country comes to Augsbourg 457. Muncer Thomas begins to Preach in Franconia 52. An account of his
Reformed Switzers 141. Answers the Arbitrators 154. Endenvours to restore Ulric Duke of Wirtemberg 169. And brings it about 173. Writes to acquaint the Emperor with his Proceedings for Duke Ulric 174. Makes his submission to Ferdinand about Ulric 's business 179. Commands his Divines to answer the Anâ—thaptists Books 198. He sends an answer to their mad Proposals Ibid. Goes to the Convention at Eysenach 244. Intercepts the D. of Brunswick 's Letter 246. He Writes in his own Vindication to the German Princes 247. Excauses the D. of Wirtemberg to K. Francis by Letter 249. He answers the Emperors Letter about a Pacification 263. Joyns with the Elector of Saxony against the D. of Brunswick 298. Opposes the Duke of Brunswick 353. Submits to an accommodation Ibid. Receives the D. of Brunswick upon surrender 354. Writes to the Emperor concerning him Ibid. Writes again 355. Answers the Emperors Letter Ibid. Writes to Granvel about the War intended against the Protestants 356. Writes to Naves about the same business 358. Goes to Spire to Meet the Emperor 368. Treats with him Ibid. And with Granvel and Naves 370. And with the Emperor again 373. Is courteously dismissed Ibid. Sends notice to Ratisbon of the Emperors Preparations 376. He arms against the Emperor 384. His Forces 388. He sends his Son William to Strasbourg ibid. Refuses to Confer with the Duke of Brunswick ibid. His Men skirmish with the Spaniards 395. His bold advice to set upon the Emperor 397. Comes near the Impertalists with his Army 404. A Skirmish between him and the Prince of Sulmona 407. His Letter to the Mauricians ibid. And to Maurice 408. Is in danger upon the Retreat of the Army 412. Writes to Maurice his Son-in-Law ib. He rejects the Emperor's Proposals 423. He justifies himself from the Reproaches about Surprizing Francfort 426. Is invited to come to Leipzick 429. Articles of Peace are proposed to him 430. Which he accepts 431. Goes to Hall to the Emperor 433. Signs the Articles and submits to the same in Person ibid. Is detained Prisoner 433. Letters are spread abroad in his Name as if he allowed of the Interim 463. Is carried Prisoner into Flanders 473. And sent to Oudenard 474. His Subjects refuse the Interim 477. New Intercessions for him in vain 479. The Ministers in his Country refuse the Pope's Indult 483. He attempts an escape 504. Not succeeding is kept close Prisoner 505. He relieves the Oppressed Ministers Liberally 517. He is set at liberty and stopt again 373. He returns into his own Country 574. He accepts a Mediation in the Difference with the Count of Nassaw about Catzenelbogen 617. Which still keeps in Suspence 620. Has a Meeting with Augustus Elector of Saxony 633. Philip Prince Palatine Governor of Vienna when Solyman besieged it 121. Forces him to raise his Siege Ibid. Philip Son to Charles V. comes through the Netherlands into Italy 477. Is received at Genoa Ibid. And at Milan 478. Goes into Germany Ibid. Enters Brussels 479. Homage is done to him in the Low Countries 485. He marries Queen Mary in England 604. He has Naples and the Kingdom of Jerusalem Ibid. With the Dutchy of Milan resigned to him 605. Goes into Flanders to meet his Father 618. He enters upon the Government of the Netherlands Ibid. Sends Ambassadors into Germany to acquaint them with his New Government 628. Phlugius Julius vide Gropper Chosen by the Chapter of Naumbourg to be their Bishop 288. Is admitted one of the Presidents of the Conference at Ratisbon 359. Assists in drawing up the Interim 454. Phlugius Caspar heads the Bohemian Confederates 423. Is condemned of High Treason 434. Picards a Sect of the Bohemians 53. Picus vide Mirandula Pisa Council there 26. Called by Cardinals Ibid. Reasons of so doing Ibid. Suspends P. Julius 27. Remove to Milan Ibid. P. Pius 's Decree concerning appeals 35. He altered his Opinion from what it was at the Council of Basil 36. Excommunicates Sigismund ibid. Poiet William Chancellor of France disgraced 299. Pool Reginald Cardinal sent Nuncio from the Pope to the French King 210. Writes a Book called a Defence of Ecclesiastical Vnity ibid. Made Cardinal by P. Paul III. 211. Loses the Popedom on suspicion of Lutheranism 490. Is detained in Germany by the Emperor 594. Returns into England 605. Reconciles the Nation to the See of Rome 606. Writes to the Emperor and King of France to mediate a Peace 615. Popes anciently subject to Emperors 38. Pragmatick Sanction vide Paris Priests the Ceremony of their Degradation 64. Prietias Sylvester writes against Luther 3. He asserts the Pope to be absolute head of the Church ibid. Replies to Luther 4. Princes of the Empire disagree about the Emperor's Letter against Luther 44. Complain of the Pope's Proceedings in the Affairs of Germany 60. Return an Answer to Adrian 's Letter to the Diet ibid. Draw up an account of the Grievances of Germany which they gave to the Pope's Legate 63. Their answer to Campegio 's Speech at Nuremberg 68. They write to Charles V. to make haste into Germany 108. They write again 110. Write from Spire to the Senate at Strasburg 116. Princes of the Reformed Religion Protest against the Decree of Spire 119. Deliberate about a League amongst all Protestants in Germany 122. They answer the Emperors Proposals at Augsbourg 133. Several of the Princes declare upon what Terms they allow a King of the Romans 157. Protestant Princes refuse a league with Francis against the Emperor 187. Those assembled at Coblentz write severely to the Anabaptists at Munster 197. Catholick Princes Opinion at Ratisbon 281. They answer the Legates Letter 283. They Interceed for the D. of Cleve Ibid. Some of them writes to the Pope 320. The Popish Princes separate answer at the Diet at Wormes 344. They write to the Bremers 501. They meet at Noremberg 512. Several Princes send Ambassadors to the Emperor to interceed for the Landgrave's Liberty 533. Others desire the Erench King to desist from his inroads into Germany 558. A Convention of them meet at Francfort 579. They write to the Emperor about the Peace 616. Protestant Princes vide Princes vide Protestant Protestants the Original of the Name 120. their Ambassadors had audience of Charles at Piacenza 123. They appeal to his Answer 125. They consult of a League at Smalcald ibid. And quarrel about Religion ibid. Break up without a final Resolution ibid. The Protestant Deputies meet at Noremberg 126. Resolve that Religion should be debated at Augsbourg 129. Present a Confession of Faith to the Emperor ibid. Press to have it read ibid. The Protestants defend the Augustane Confession in writing 131. Answer Truchses 's Speech 134. They debate with the Emperor about Religion 135. They leave the Diet 137. The Deputies of the Associate Princes demand liberty of Conscience from the Diet at Augsbourg 139. The Protestant Princes write to the Kings of France and England to wipe of those Calumnies which had been thrown upon them 145.
345. Barbarously Massacred at Merindol 346. Their Opinions 347. Wenceslaus Emperor intercedes for Husse 46. Wiat Sir Thomas rises in Kent upon Queen Mary 's Marrying King Philip 594. Is suppressed 596. Executed 598. Wiclef John Preached against the Pope in England 46. His Bones ordered to be Burnt by the Council of Constance 47. William vide Bavaria Winchester Stephen Gardiner Bishop of he writes a Reproachful Book against Bucer 340. Is Imprisoned for Obstinacy 511. Made Lord Chancellor by Queen Mary 589. An account of his Proceedings in the Divorce of Henry VIII ibid. He dies of a Dropsie 627. Wirtemberg vide Ulric and Christopher Wittemberg a City of Saxony upon the Elbe and an Vniversity 2. Connives at Luther ibid. They write to Pope Leo in his behalf 6. And to Miltitz that he might be tried in Germany ibid. And to Frederick in excuse of Luther 's Proceedings against Cajetan 12. The Vniversity abett the Augustines in not saying Mass 49. Their Reply to Frederick about that Matter 50. Wolfgang made Grand Master of Prussia 324. His Plea at the Diet of Augsbourg about the Teutonic Order 447. Is driven out of his Country 571. Wolfgang D. of Deux-Ponts absolutely refuses the Interim 480. Yet promises to obey the Emperor as far as he could 481. Wolsey dies for Discontent 170. Wormes a Diet called thither 38. It is opened 41. Luther Proscribed by an Edict there 48. A Diet called to punish the Anabaptists 200. Another Diet called there 201. A Convention cited thither 268. The Heads of the Conference at Wormes 271. A Diet there 343. Z. ZIsca John raises a War in Bohemia against Signismund in revenge of Husse 's death 47. Zuinglius Ulricus comes to Zurick 22. Opposes Friar Samson about Indulgences ibid. Disswades the Switzers from serving abroad in the Wars 48. Defends himself against the Bishop of Constance 51. Writes to the Switzers to allow Marriage among their Priests ibid. Disputes with John Faber in the Assembly at Zurick 57. Acquits himself of the Accusation of the States 66. Preaches up the abrogation of Images ibid. Differs with Luther about the Sacrament 97. Would not go to the Conference at Baden 105. Disputes at Bern 111. Disputes with Luther at Marpurg 121. Is killed 156. Zurick vide Zuinglius They refuse to serve abroad at Zuinglius 's desire 48. They establish the Reformation 57. They Answer the Remonstrance of the other Cantons 70. And the Bishop of Constance 's Book abort Images 72. They remove Images 76. They Expostulate with the other Cantons about the seizing of their Ministers 77. The Mass abolished there 82. They stop Provisions from the other Cantons 155. They are routed in Battle 156. And so a second time ibid. And at Last conclude a Peace ibid. The Ministers of Zurick answer Gardiner 's Book 340. A TABLE TO THE CONTINUATION A. ALbert Marquess of Brandenburg dies 13. Alva 's War on the Pope 9. He goes to Rome 11. The Emperor's Ambassadors to the Electoral Princes to carry his Resignation 6. Dr. Woton English Ambassador in France 14. Between France and King Philip at Peronne 19. At Cambray 22. In France 27. To the Diet of Germany 28. The Popes Ambassadors to the Christian Princes and to the Council 49 62. Admitted by the Princes of Germany of the Augustane confession 63. Refused by Queen Elizabeth 64. His Legates to Trent French Ambassadors to the Council of Trent 87. The Ambassador of Spain received 91. Lansac Ambassador for France at Rome 94. The French Ambassadors protest against the Council 95. And go to Venice 96. Andelot Marshal of France loseth the favour of his Prince 19. Suspected to be in the conspiracy of Bloys 43. Sent for Succours into Germany 78. Is in the battle of Dreux 80. Defends Orleans 82. The Archbishop of Toledo suspected of Heresie 48. An Assembly of the great Men of France at Fountainbleau 44. Of the three Estates decreed 46. Opened at Orleans 51. Prorogued 52. Reassembled at Pont Oyse 58. An Assembly of the Delegates of France 68. B BAbotz a Town in Hungary besieged 5. The battle of St. Quintin 15. Of Graveling 20. Of Dreux 80. The Bavarians demand the Cup and the Marriage of their Clergy in a Tumult 97. Bellay Jean Cardinal Dies 50. The Bible sufficient alone to determine the controversies of Religion 60. Books prohibited and why 86. Bona Sfortia Queen of Poland dies Du Bourg Anna a member of the Parliament of Paris offends the King 31. Is Prosecuted 32. Condemned and Executed 34. C CAlais its Form and Strength 17. Siege and taking from the English 18. Profered to the Queen 41. Catharine de Medicis Queen Dowager of France made Regent 33. She preserves Conde and Navar 47. She shews great favour to the Protestants but yet underhand opposed them 56. Suspecteth the Nobility 57. Excuseth the conference of Poissy 60. Dissembles the Rudeness of Laines 61. Solicited to begin a Persecution by the Spaniards 65. She prohibits the worship of Images 69. She puts her self and her Son under the Protection of the Prince of Conde 72. Yet out of fear joyns with the Catholick Lords 72. And betrays Conde 73. She pretends she is at Liberty ibid. She thanks Conde for his good Service 75. She treats with him 75 79. She feareth the Duke of Guise after the battle of Dreux yet makes him General 81. After he was slain she more earnestly desired a Peace than before 83. She excuses the Peace when made 91. She complains of the proceedings in the Council of Trent 94. Catzenello bogen resigned 13. Cavii 11. Charles V. Emperor resigns Spain and the Empire 5. Goes into Spain 7. His Letter to his Son 15. His Death and Character 23. Charles the IX King of France succeeds his Brother 47. Carried by force to Paris 72. Is declared out of his Minority at fourteen years of Age 99. Charles Cardinal Carassa strangled 64. Christian King of Denmark dies 26. The Church ever pure and spotless 51. Civitella a small City in Italy baffles the French 10. Coligni Admiral of France taken in St. Quintin 15. Suspected to be in the conspirary of Bloys 43. Recommends a toleration as necessary 44. Delivereth a Petition for the Procestants 45. Made General after the Battle of Dreux 81. Disownes the having any hand in the Murder of the Duke of Guise 83. Distikes the Peace of Orleans 84. Colonna mark Antony 8. Coode Lewis the conâ—â—aled head of the conspiracy of Amboys 42. Detained for it 43. Leaves the Court 44. Imprisoned 〈◊〉 Orleans 47. Freed upon the Death of the King 48. Acquitted in the Parliament of Paris 56. Reconcil'd to the Duke of Guife 58. The Queen desires his Protection 71. He declareth a War against the Catholick Lords 73. Taken at the battle of Dreux 80. Makes a Peace at Orelans 84. The Conference of Poissy resolved on 58. Began 59. One at Wormes 13. Conquet in Britain taken by the English 21. The Conspiracy of Bloys 42. Discovered first by a Protestant
since that time they have made it their business first to hinder all Treaties of Peace wherein any liberty was granted to the Protestants and when they could not gain that point to make them be broken as soon as was possible tho this too has for the most part turn'd in the end to their great loss and shame The French Court shew their Reasons for it The French Court perceiving how the Fathers of Trent took the Peace Ordered the Cardinal of Lorrain to shew the great Dangers which from the Civil War threatned that Kingdom and to assure the Council that it was the intention of the King to dissipate the Factions of France by a Peace that he might be at leisure to attend seriously the restitution of the Peace of the Church But when this would not be allowed neither the Queen sent Renate de Birague President of Dauphine to assure the Fathers That their Intentions were not to settle a New Religion in France nor to suffer it to grow up and encrease but that having disarmed their Subjects and quieted the Tumults they might with the less trouble return to the Methods used by their Ancestors for the reducing their people into the way and the Unity of the same Catholick Religion That this could never be done but by the Authority of a lawful and free either General or National Council that a General Council seemed the safer way but then it was necessary that a liberty and security should be given to all that would to come That tho' this had been done by the Pope and the Fathers yet the place was such and so situate that being rather in Italy than Germany the Protestants could not think themselves sufficiently secure For they desired a Council in Germany and thought they were not safe if it were any where else That not only they of Germany but the English Scotch Danes and Swedes were of the same mind and it was very unjust to condemn so many Nations unheard and besides it was unprofitable too for whereas all good men hoped that this Council would procure an Unity on the contrary it would cause a greater opposition and enmity when these Nations saw themselves neglected and by the inconvenience of the place as it were excluded out of the Council For it was fit for none but weak and credulous men to think they would ever submit to the Decrees of a Council in which they had never been admitted nor heard but it was to be feared on the other side that their minds being exasperated their patience would turn to fury and they would traduce to Posterity the Decrees of the Council and in the present age treat them with a virulent sharpness in their Writings Therefore Birague was Ordered to desire the Council might by the consent of the Fathers and Pope be transferr'd into Germany to Worms Spire Basil or Constance This Discourse would not edifie at Trent and he was sent on the same Errand to Inspruck to the Emperor and to Vienna to his Son Maximilian There were two others sent at the same time one into Spain and another to Rome but this latter found the Pope enraged to the utmost with the Peace so that he was resolved to treat France without any favour In order to this The Pope's Bull to the Inquifitors the Pope puts out a Bull dated the 7th of April by which he grants power to the Cardinals appointed Inquisitors General for all Christendom to proceed smartly and extrajudicially as shall seem convenient to them against all and singular the Hereticks and their Abettors and Receivers and those who are suspected to be such abiding in the Provinces and places in which the filth of the Lutheran Heresie hath prevailed and to which it is notorious there is not a safe and free entrance tho' the said persons are adorn'd with the Episcopal Archiepiscopal Patriarchal Dignity or Cardinalate without any other proof to be made of the safety or freedom of the Access But so that Information be first made and that they be cited by an Edict by them to be affixed to the Doors of the Palace of the Holy Inquisition c. admonishing and requiring them to appear personally and not by their Proctors before the said Inquisition within a certain and limited time as the said Inquisition shall think fit upon pain of Excommunication denounced Suspension and other lawful pains And if they shall not so appear they shall be proceeded against in the secret Consistory and a sentence decreed against them tho' absent as convict and confirm'd with a clause of Derogation Tho' this Bull was contrary to all Laws Several French Cardinals and Bishops cited to Ronte yet the Inquisitors presumed upon it to cite some Bishops of France and with them Odet de Coligni Cardinal de Chastillon who had embraced the Opinions of the Protestants and was now call'd Count de Bâ—auvais he having been formerly Bishop of that City St. Roman Archbishop d'Aix John Monluck Bishop of Valence Jean Anthony Caracciolo Son of the Prince de Melphe Jean Brabanson Bishop of Pamiez And the Queen of Navarr also Charles Guillart Bishop of Chartres And as if this had been intended but for a step to her the Princess Joan Labrett Queen of Navarr Relict of Anthony late King of Navarr All which I say by a Bull dated the 28th of September and affixed at Rome were cited to appear before the Inquisition within six Months and the Queen was told That if she did not she should be deprived of her Royal Dignity Kingdom or Principality and Dominions as one convicted and the same should be pronounced to belong to whosoever should invade it The King and Queen of France and all the Nobility were extremely exasperated with these proceedings of the Pope and the Bull being read in the Council of State D'Oisel the then Ordinary Ambassador in the Court of Rome The French King declares against these Proceedings against the Queen of Nevarr was ordered to acquaint the Pope That the King could scarce give any credit to the first reports which were spread in several Pamphlets in France till the Citation which was fixed up in several places in Rome was read to him at which he was much troubled because the Queen of Navarr was in Majesty and Dignity equal to any other Prince in Christendom and had from them the Title of Sister 2. That the danger which threatned her was of ill example and might in time be extended to any of them and therefore they were all bound to assist and defend her in this common cause and the more because she was a Widow 3. But the King of France above all other because nearly related to her and her late Husband who was one of the principal Princes of the Blood Royal and had lost his Life in his service in the last War against the Protestants leaving his Children Orphans the Eldest of which was now in the King's Court and under