Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	king_n	lord_n	treasurer_n	6,502	5	10.8931	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06731	Englands looking in and out Presented to the High Court of Parliament now assembled. By the author R.M. Knight.	Maddison, Ralph, Sir.	1640 (1640)	STC 17178; ESTC R212274	17,975	35

of publike losse to the kingdome a partie or equality of Exchange should be made knowne to all men that have occasion to use Exchange having regard to the forbearance according to time and place which is most just and equall for all men both denizens and strangers To this exception will be taken unlesse I doe explaine my selfe allowing and granting for truth that plenty or scarcity of moneys to be given or taken up doth beare a sway even as it is upon the statute made upon usury If there be plenty of monies they will be lent under the Statute and if there be scarcity there will be more given for the Loane then the statute alloweth by some covert meanes or other for in ttuth the good use of marchandizing Exchange is none other but a ready way of borrowing for marchants without sureties or delay to be executed which moderately used without excessive or biting Vsury is both profitable and commendable for all marchants to use as their occasion requireth But if it be unequally and abusedly carried may be justly called the Canker of Englands common wealth And let no marchant thinke but that I am their friend in wishing them ease and remedy herein that it be not carried at the will of the Banker as it is but that it may be used according to the ancient Lawes of the Kingdome extant for the same And the practise of the time of Queene Elizabeth and her proclamation to that purpose which Lawes and proclamation will appeare upon the debate of this businesse if you please to take order therein As also the demonstration of the tables mentioned in the Law one for Gold and another for Silver as I have seene the like made in King Edward the Sixt his time respectively expressing the value of every piece of Gold or silver coyne with whom we have commerce severally compared with our pound starling whereby the equality is demonstrated to every Marchant that will follow the table of Exchange to avoyd the danger of the Law And because forraigne Coynes are daily subject to alteration in finenesse or valuation after the computation is once made It behoveth that there be and it is no hard matter an observant watch or diligent eye set over those places of commerce and Mints to send intelligence hither to the Guardian of the Tables to alter the table immediately in that point and to keepe constant at home which will be a sufficient guide to defend us from forraigne wrong by any This Table of demonstration once made will be farre more easie to understand then any pen or tongue can expresse This being done and observed that the forraigne Banker or exchanger doe us no harme in a small processe of time our Ballance of Trade will recover it selfe againe and we shall have God willing a constant thrift to attend our Kingdomes labours and not be wrought upon by any biting vsury by Shufts or intervall of time to wast or exhaust our treasure or consume our kingdomes stocke that should maintaine the price of our kingdomes commodities rents and artizens as sundry times in my memory it hath done but what a kingdome or kingdomes exitus have we that is able to beare the losse of so much Coyne as we have lost this three or foure yeares which amounteth neare to two millions of Gold and undoubtedly our Silver will follow after and beginneth visibly to goe already if remedy bee not had to the unspeakeable losse of all the kingdome as before hath beene declared These tables of Exchange being put in use for our safeguard it followeth then as good husbands use to doe that we take account of our kingdomes thrift to see yearly how we thrive also to know by what waies we goe about it and therein to distinguish what severall Trade is beneficiall to our kingdome or not and to set redresse accordingly if occasion require it which is no new thing but an ancient practise as might be manifested To beginne with that in generall which must bee Examined in every particular trade First then that trade or Marchant that carrieth out our superfluities or those commodities wee abound in and bringeth in those commodities that we want for them is a good trade or Marchant and deserveth to be nourished countenanced and maintained therein and those that do the contrary better ordered Now who knoweth not that we abound in Wooll and woollen commodities Tynne and lead and some other things which I name not Who knoweth not what we want of our own but must have it from without us namely gold silver Iron and steele which for brevity I name not per consequence it followeth that those Marchants that bring in those said commodities we want are most to be nourished and favoured before others that doe the contrary But how or by what meanes is this trade or Marchant discovered but by the ancient way of ballance of trade of late yeares almost growne out of use but that it was discovered in the latter time of King Iames and alwayes observed by the wise Lord Burley Lord Treasurer of England And to what other end was all the port books of the kingdome brought into the Custome house of London and from thence once a yeare transmitted into the Kings remembrancers office in the Exchequer where one grosse sum of our kingdomes exitus and introitus might be knowne of all the goods both inward and outward bound and the value of both accompted thereby to know whether we were buyers or sellers for it behooveth a father of a family to be a seller and not a buyer And if it be found that we sell more than we buy we doe well if otherwise it behooveth us to looke about us As in the generall a view may be had of our publike Thrift so in every particular Trade their walke being observed it may be knowne what trade bringeth in or forceth in money or such things as we want for therein lyeth a difference to bee observed and therupon lyeth our kingdomes thrift As also may be found what Trade is hurtfull or damageable This publike Thrift or reformation as I conceive would not bee held in a mystery but be made more common and easie to every intelligent Gentleman because hee is in some sort interessed in the same for the advancement of the publike good and therein his owne particular also Therefore I am bold and humbly commend the generall or theoricall studies of the Marchandizing Exchange and ballance of Trade unto your wisdome to be regarded and for these purposes the keeping and the observance of the ballance of trade is usefull There be also many other things to be met with in the observation of the Marchant Exchange and ballance of trade which I forbeare to particularize for avoyding of tediousnesse and dispute that may arise by them that would endeavour to frustrate the businesse for private gaine never wanteth colours and pretexts to stupisie or inveigle the understanding of such as have not beene versed herein Give me leave lastly to repeate one thing wice though the same have in effect beene said before It is a sure Tenet or maxime that it is necessary for our kingdome to keep constancy in our Mynt at home So is it as necessary to change with the changer in all forraigne Coynes either Gold or Silver reducing all forraigne Coynes to a par or equality with our constant coines and to that end in ancient times there was a paire of Tables set forth expressing the same demonstratively The French Crowne to answer to fixe of our English shillings Our unite to containe three French Crownes and a third and so of the Dutch Rider although it goe but for one and twenty shillings it is of equall value to our unite So all forraigne coines severally reduced to our coynes did shew and expresse what was to be given and allowed betweene strangers and us in accounts which is called the Marchandize Exchange This equality being knowne and expressed as aforesaid wee may bee deceived three manner of wayes First if wee watch not forraigne mints by the sheares in coyning whereby it may come to want in weight though it were of equall finenesse Secondly by putting in more Allay or Copper into their moneys which is not perceived or discovered but by Tryall in the fire in melting some part and refyning it and comparing the remainder of pure silver to the like quantity of our money refined as theirs was The third is without lessening or imbasing to call any of their species higher up a way commonly used in forraigne parts called denomination which must be watched and prevented by new expressions as is aforesaid so often as there shall be cause by such as the King shall depute for that purpose most proper to the Mint master or other skilfull in mint causes This is a sure way of preserving our Coynes at home without which the Bankers both forraigne and domestick have power to deceive our kingdome and lessen our kingdomes stock of Gold and Silver which will turne to a fearefull effect in time and in few words not to be expressed and most of all when this ballance of trade is against us to our losse and that Country that gaines the ballance gets our money be it friend or enemy And if we loose in the totall ballance of our trade how should we long subsist without home-poverty and consumption and in the well governing of the Marchant Exchange and ballance of Trade consists our weale or woe concerning Thrift or wasting poverty FINIS Imprimatur Tho Wykes