account Sometimes England hath had the precedency and the Archbishop of Canterbury had place at the Pope's right Foot Mr. Howel in his Discourse concerning Ambassadours gives divers Reasons for the Precedency of England That it was the first Land that was governed by a Christian King That it hath wholly subdued France and the Kings of England have been crowned in Paris That it hath the best Havens in Christendom c. 2. The Precedency of the several Degrees in England are as follows 1 The King 's most Excellent Majesty 2 The Prince when there is One. 3 The Dukes of the Royal Bloud who are 1 Sons 2 Grand-Sons 3 Brothers 4 Unckles 5 Nephews Then the great Officers of the Church and Crown as 4 The Archibishop of Canterbury 5 Lord Chancellour or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal 6 Archbishop of York 7 Lord Treasurer 8 Lord President of the Council 9 Lord Privy Seal Then the rest of the Nobility as 10 Dukes 11 Dukes eldest Sons of the Royal Bloud 12 Marquesses 13 Dukes eldest Sons 14 Earls 15 Marquesses eldest Sons 16 Dukes younger Sons of the Bloud 17 Dukes younger Sons Royal. 18 Viscounts 19 Earls eldest Sons 20 Marquesses younger Sons 21 Bishops which take place according to the Seniority of their Consecration except 1 London 2 Durham 3 Winchester 22 Barons 23 Viscounts eldest Sons 24 Earls younger Sons 25 Barons eldest Sons 26 Lords of the Privy Council 27 Judges and they 1 Of the King's Bench. 2 Of the Common Pleas. 3 Barons of the Exchequer 28 Masters of Chancery 29 Knights of the Garter if no otherways dignified which is very rare 30 Viscounts younger Sons 31 Barons younger Sons 32 Knights Bannerets 33 Baronets 34 Knights of the Bath 35 Knights Bachelours 36 Colonels first Horse then Foot. 37 Serjeants at Law. 38 Doctors 1 Divinity 2 Law 3 Physick 39 Esquires according to their Degree 1 Esquires of the King's Body 2 The Descendents by the Male Line from some Peer of the Realm 3 Eldest Sons of Baronets 4 Eldest Sons of Knights 5 Esquires attending on the Knights of the Bath 6 Officiary Esquires as 40 Justices of the Peace 41 Barristers at Law. 42 Lieutenant Collonels 43 Majors 44 Captains 45 Gentlemen 46 Yeomen 47 Artificers 48 Merchants 49 Retailers 50 Chapmen 51 Mariners 52 Fishermen 53 Water-men or Ferry-men 54 Masons and Builders 55 Labourers 56 Bondmen Note generally 1. That these great Officers of Court of what Title or Degree soever besides that of their Place or Office do take place of all others of the same Degree or Title except Secretary of State that is if they be Dukes they take place of all Dukes if Earls of all Earls that is 1. Lord Chamberlain of England 2. Lord High Constable 3. Lord Marshal 4. Lord High Steward 5. Lord Chamberlain of His Majesties Houshold 6. Secretaries of State if Peers Note 2. These Officers take place as followeth 1. Master of the Wards 2. Chancellour 3. Under-Chancellour of the Exchequer 4. Chancellour of the Duchy 5. Chief Justice of the King's-Bench 6. Master of the Rolls 7. Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. 8. Chief Baron of the Exchequer 9. Judges 10. Barons of the Coif Note 3. That Deans precede Chancellours and they precede Prebendaries and Prebendaries precede Doctours Note 4. All Artificers of London take place according to the Precedency of the Corporation of which they are free and not by their Trade or Profession The incorporated Merchants take place next after the first 12 Companies as some account then the rest according to the number they bear 13 14 and so on CHAP. XXII The Procession at a Coronation THE most magnificent Procession that I meet with was that at the Coronation of King Charles II. of happy Memory which take as follows From the Tower to Westminster 1. The Duke of York's Horse-Guards 2. The Messengers of the Chamber 3. Esquires to the Knights of the Bath 4. Knights Harbingers 5. Serjeant Portar 6. Sewers of the Chamber 7. Gentlemen Ushers 8. Quarter Waiters 9. The six Clerks in Chancery 10. Clerks of the Signet 11. Clerks of the Privy Seal 12. Clerks of the Council 13. Clerks of the Parliament 14. Clerks of the Crown 15. Chaplains having Dignities 16. The King's Advocate 17. The King's Remembrancer 18. Masters of the Chancery 19. King 's Learned Counsel at Law. 20. King's Puisne Serjeants 21. King's Attorney 22. King's Sollicitour 23. King's eldest Serjeants 24. Secretaries of the French Latine 25. Gentlemen Ushers 26. Daily Waiters 27. Sewers in Ordinary 28. Carvers in Ordinary 29. Cup Bearers in Ordinary 30. Esquires of the Body 31. Masters of Standing Offices as 1. Of the Tents 2. Of the Revels 3. Of the Ceremonies 4. Of the Armory 5. Of the Wardrobe 6. Of the Ordinance 32. Master of the Requests 33. Chamberlains of the Exchequer 34. Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber 35. Knights of the Bath 36. Knight Marshal 37. Treasurer of the Chamber 38. Master of the Jewel-house 39. Barons younger Sons 40. Viscounts younger Sons 41. Barons of the Exchequer 42. Justices of the Common Pleas. 43. Justices of the King 's Bench. 44. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer 45. Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. 46. Master of the Rolls 47. Lord Chief Justice of the King 's Bench. 48. Knights of the Privy Council 49. Principal Secretary 50. Barons eldest Sons 51. Earls younger Sons 52. Viscounts eldest Sons Kettle-Drums King's Trumpeter 2 Pursivants at Arms. 53. Barons 54. Maquesses younger Sons 55. Earls eldest Sons Two Pursuvants at Arms. 56. Viscounts 57. Dukes younger Sons 58. Marquesses eldest Sons Two Heralds in their Coats and Collars of SS 59. Earls and the Earl Marshal 60. Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold 61. Dukes eldest Sons Two Heralds 62. Marquesses Two Heralds 63. Dukes Clarenceux Norroy Kings at Arms. 64. Lord Treasurer 65. Lord Chancellour 66. Lord High Steward Duke of Normandy and Duke of Aquitain represented by two Persons 67. Gentleman Usher Garter King at Arms. 68. Lord Mayor of London 69. Duke of York 70. Lord Great Chamberlain 71. Lord Marshal with the Sword. 72. Lord High Steward On each side of these Serjeants at Arms. The KING 73. Gentlemen Pensioners Esquires Footmen 74. Master of the Horse leading a spare Horse 75. Vicechamberlain 76. Captain of the Pensioners 77. Captain of the Guards 78. Lieutenant of the Pensioners 79. King's Horse guards 80. The General 's Horse-guards CHAP. XXIII The Proceeding on the Coronation-day FOur Drums Sixteen Trumpets 1 Clerks of the Chancery 2 King's Chaplains having Dignities 3 Aldermen of London 4 King's Counsel learned in the Laws 5 King's Sollicitour 6 King's Attorney 7 King 's eldest Serjeant at Law. 8 Esquires of the Body 9 Master of Requests 10 Gentlemen of the Privy Council 11 Knights of the Bath 12 Barons of the Exchequer 13 Justices of the Common Pleas. 14 Justices of the King 's Bench. 15 Lord Chief Baron 16 Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. 17 Master of the
the Priest sung some Funeral Psalms as though he had been dead then they take off his Helmet and so by degrees the rest of his Armour Then the Heralds proclaim him a disloyal Miscreant and throw him down with a Rope tyed about him over the Stage Other ways there hath been as the reversing their Arms seizing their Equipage cutting the Spurs from their Heels and breaking their Sword over their Heads but of late they had Marshal Law executed upon them CHAP. XVI Of the Knights of the Round Table THis Order was founded by King Arthur Anno 516. who after many Glorious Actions abroad did at his return constitute this Order of Knight-hood being as some say twenty four in number some say more amongst whom he himself was chief and for avoiding controversie about taking of place he caused a round Table to be made from whence they took their Name which is said to be the same that now hangs up in Windsor none were admitted but such as made sufficient Proof of their Prowess and were renowned for their Virtue and Valour Their Articles were to be allways well Armed for all occasions and ready to assail Tyrants and Oppressors to defend Widows Maidens and Children and to relieve those in necessity to maintain the Christian Faith to aid the Holy Church and to protect Pilgrims to advance Honour suppress Vice to bury Soldiers that want Sepulchres to ransome Captives deliver Prisoners and to help towards the cure of wounded Soldiers hurt in the Service of their King and Country to record all noble Atchievements that it might remain for ever to the Honour of their Order if complaint was made to the King by any Lady Gentlewoman or other Person oppressed or wronged one or more of these Knights were without delay to redress the same were it at home or in Foreign Lands if any Foreign Knight came to Court with desire to shew his Prowess one of these Knights ought to be ready in Arms to answer him and also that every one of them should be ready to instruct young Lords and Gentlemen in the Exercises of Arms They had no Robe that is mentioned nor any Officer but a Register Knights of St. Andrew or of the Thistle in Scotland Achaius by some Hungus King of the Picts the night before his Battel with Athelstone King of England saw in the Skie a bright Cross like that whereon St. Andrew suffered Martyrdom and the day proving successfull to him the Picts and Scots ever since have bore the said Cross in all their Banners and Ensigns from hence it 's thought this Order took it's beginning Anno 810. the principal Ensign of this Order is a golden Collar composed of Thistles intermixed with Annulets of Gold to which hangeth the Figure of St. Andrew with his Cross and this Motto Nemo me impunè lacessit but for their common Ensign they weara Purple Ribbon to which hangeth a golden Thistle crowned with an Imperial Crown within a Circle of Gold with the abovesaid Motto The grand Day of meeting is on St. Andrew's day and in St. Andrew's Church their number 13. in allusion to Christ and his twelve Apostles they are to be richly apparalled and in their Parliament Robes having St. Andrew's Cross within a blew Roundel embroidered on the left Shoulder and in the centre of the Cross a Crown composed of Flower-de-luces of Gold. This Order after it had continued above 700 Years was wholly laid aside after the Reformation which happened in the Reign of Mary Queen of Scots and not restord again untill King James the 2d did by a Patent dated at Windsor May the 29. 1687. restore this Order again appointing his Chapel Royal in his Palace at Holy-Rood-house to be the Chapel of the Order instead of St. Andrew's Church which was ruined in the said Reformation They are appointed to be of the most Noble Men in Scotland His Late Majesty being Sovereign who appointed them a Secretary Knights of the holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem This is held the most ancient of all those Orders that took their beginning in the Holy Land beginning about Anno 1099. some say Philip King of France instituted it but the better say it was Baldwin the first King of Jerusalem who made his regular Canons Knights of this Order Their Duty was to guard the Holy Sepulchre to releive and protect Pilgrims to fight against Infidels to hear Mass every Day their Ensign was two red Crosses united in one When the Christians were expelled the Holy Land these Knights settled themselves at Perugia in Italy but by the Bull of Pope Innocent 8th anno 1484. they and all their goods were annexed to the Knights Hospitallers at Rhodes Knights Hospitallers They were instituted Anno 1099. by one Gerrard of Tholouse and had large Privileges granted them by Baldwin the the 1st who created them Knights and obliged them to use their Arms against the Infidels but the Saladine having won Jerusalem they retired into Acres which being also taken they seized upon the Isle of Rhodes where they continued untill Solyman forced them thence anno 1522. after which they betook themselves to the Isle of Maltha where they still continue Their Habit is black with a white Cross near the left Shoulder they vow Obedience Poverty and Chastity since they have been endued with many Dignities and are devided into three classes viz. Knights Ecclesiasticks and Servants The Great Master hath his Title the Illustrous Prince of Maltha and Goza both which with Tripolis was given them by the Emperour Charles the Fifth anno 1530. Knights Templers They began about anno 1118. after which the King of Jerusalem gave them a Palace adjoyning to Solomon's Temple from whence they took their Name They wear a white Garment with a red Cross and vow Obedience Poverty and Chastity They were to fight against the Infidels but at length they grew very Rich and then exceeding Proud and fell from the Obedience of the Patriarch of Jerusalem to the Pope but they encreasing in Riches and Pride were by him or with his consent turned out all their Possessions their Riches seized upon and themselves imprisoned and some executed but some think it was more for love of their Lands than any Crime they had committed having as Dr. Heylen observes sixteen thousand Lordships in Europe The Temple in London was theirs where many of them lie buried and those that have been in the holy Wars or fought in the Holy Land lie with their Feet a cross Knights of St. Lazarus in Jerusalem They were first only a Brother-hood of religious Monks and became an Order of Knight-hood in St. Bassil's time They were to take care of persons infected with the Leprosie and had a famous Hospital in Jerusalem called St. Lazarus After a while the Saracens by their Incursions had almost extinguished them but when the latter Princes joyned together in the holy War these religious Men did great Service and found such esteem of Baldwin the
Whitehall The Aldermen and Citizens of London waited on the Prince of Orange at St. James's The Prince of Orange published an Order to return the Arms into the publick Store and an Order about quartering of Soldiers The Lords Spiritual and Temporal assembled at Westminster and ordered F. Guine Esq to sign such Orders as were made by them The Prince of Orange ordered the French Ambassadour to leave England The Peers present to the Pr. of Orange two Addresses the first of Thanks c. and to desire his Highness to accept the Government till Jan. 22. next the second to issue out Letters to the Coroners to chuse Convention-men to sit Jan. 22. The Aldermen and Citizens of London agreed to the said Address The Prince of Orange gave his Answer to the said Addresses The Prince of Orange put out his Declaration authorising Sheriffs Justices c. to act the same day his Highness received the Sacrament at St. James's by the hands of the Bishop of London Jan. The Prince of Orange published a Declaration for the better collecting the Revenue The Lord Dartmouth with the Fleet came into the Downs The Prince of Orange published an Order for regular Election of Convention-men The Sedgmore Frigot lost nigh Plymouth Dr. Seth Ward Bishop of Sarum dyed Coll. John Darcy Heir to the Earl of Holderness dyed James Howard Earl of Suffolk dyed The Prince of Orange published a Declaration for quartering of Soldiers The Countess of Huntingdon was carried through London in order to her Interrment Scotland address the Prince of Orange to take their Government upon him till March next The Prince of Orange's Declaration for paying the Seamen The Prince of Orange's Order for paying and keeping the Soldiers in order The Convention met at Westminster the Marquess of Hallifax made Speaker of the Lords House and Mr. Powle of the Commons then they desired the Prince of Orange to take on him the Administration of the Government for a farther time also ordered that a Thanksgiving-day be kept Jan. 31. at London c. and Feb. 14. in all England The Prince of Orange sent a Letter to the House of Lords about settling the Government Feb. The Order to forbid Feb. 6. to be kept a Thanksgiving-day A great number of people go to Westminster to desire the Convention to crown the Prince and Princess of Orange The Lord Mayor published an Order to prevent the tumultuous meeting at Westminster The Prince of Orange's Proclamation to prevent the abuses in Forests The Lords in the Convention agreed with the Commons that the Throne was vacant and that the Prince and Princess of Orange ought to be King and Queen The Princess of Orange landed at White-hall The Prince and Princess of Orange proclaimed King and Queen of England France and Ireland by the name of William and Mary at London on the 19th at Rippon Beverly Lancaster Hartford Ware Royston Baldock Triâ—g St. Albanes Stamford Alesbury Wendover Chesham Beaconsfield Rewsborrow Colebrook Burnham Ivingo Marlo c. the 18th at Bath Cardigan c. the 23d at York Taunton c. March 5. at Bridgewater Bristoll c. the 6th at Sandwich c. K. William put out a Proclamation for the collecting of the Revenue to continue as in December last K. William's Order in Council for alteration of the Royal Family's Names in the Common-Prayer K. William made a Speech to the Lords and Commons at Westminster The Bishop of London and the Clergy of the City waited on K. William at White-hall K. William's Declaration to order the Irish to lay down their Arms by April following K. William signed the Act for the sitting of the Parliament and after the King and Queen went to Hampton-Court Sir John Read's House was robbed at Bracket-hall in Hartfordshire A Proclamation for the discovery of Mr. Brent Another for bringing in Arms imbezelled Mar. Serj. Maynard Serj. Rawlinson and Sir Anthony Keck are made Commissioners of the Great Seal of England Henry Pollexfen Esq Attorney General Sir Geo. Treby Sollicitor General Lord Willoughby Chancellour of the Dutchy Lord Lovelace Captain of the Band of Pensioners Lord Lucas chief Governour of the Tower of London The Earl of Sandwich his Funeral William Harbord Esq sworn of the Privy-Council The Brandenburghs got a Victory over the French at Nuis The Lords and Commons present an Address to stand by K. William with their Lives and Fortunes K. William desires their care of the Dutch Ireland and the Fleet. Arthur Herbert Esq John Earl of Carbury Sir Michael Wharton Bart. Sir Tho. Lee Bart. Sir John Chichesly Sir John Lowther Bart. of White-haven and William Sacheveril Esq Commissioners for the Admiralty Dr. Gilbert Burnet elected Bishop of Saraum in the place of Dr. S. Ward deceased and consecrated at Fulham by the Bishops of London Winchester Lincoln Landaff St. Asaph and Carlile The City of London made an Address to K. William Charles Sedly Esq of Southfleet in Kent Knighted K. James II. arrived at Kingsale in Ireland and on the 24th entred Dublin on Horseback and the next day published three Proclamations K. William made a Speech in the House of Lords and passed two Acts. The Parliament addressed the King to put his Proclamation out against the Soldiers that disserted The Sheriffs of all Counties of England were appointed by K. William A Proclamation for Crowning K. William and Q. Mary and Proclaimed at London on the 20th for the Coronation to be on the 11th of April next The Convention of Scotland met and chose Duke Hamilton Speaker and on the 23d sent their Answer to K. William's Letter by the Lord Rosse Sir John Chapman Lord Mayor of London dyed Sir John Berry came into the Downs with a Squadron of Men of War. The Lord Lieutenants of all the Counties of England appointed by K. William Alderman Pilkington chose Lord Mayor of London for the remainder of the year 1689. Mar. K. William signed the Act for a present Aid of 412000 l. THE Lord Coot made Treasurer and Receiver General to Q. Mary Being Easter day Sir Geo. Lockhart was shot dead as he came from Church at Edenburgh he was Lord President of the Sessions of Scotland Apr. A Proclamation for bringing in of Arms. The Convocation of Scotland voted the Throne vacant and on the 4th voted to settle the Crown on K. William and Q. Mary and on the 10th proclaimed them and declared against Bishops and made a new Oath of Allegiance to K. William and Q. Mary K. William passed three Acts of Parliament at Westminster Coll. Cunningham and Coll. Richards shipt their Regiments at Liverpool in Lancashire for Ireland Duke Frederick Mareschal de Schomberg and William Earl of Devonshire made Knights of the Garter Dr. Burnet Bishop of Sarum sworn Chancellour of that Order King William's Declaration to secure all Soldiers of English Pay though sent beyond Seas The Duke of Ormond installed Knight of the Garter Admiral Herbert sailed with his Fleet from Spithead Monsr d'Avaux
the French Ambassadour made his publick entrance into Dublin and had his Audience of K. James II. at the Castle The Irish beat by a Sally made by the Protestants out of Colerain Charles Viscount Mordant since Earl of Monmouth Henry Lord de la Mere Sidney Lord Godolphin Sir Hen. Capell Rich. Hambden Sen. Esq made Commissioners of the Treasury Jonathan Lord Bishop of Bristol elected Bishop of Exeter K. William passed the Act for the Coronation Oath and 2 Acts more Dyed at Rome Queen Christiana of Sweedland Prince George of Denmark made Baron of Ockingham Earl of Kendale and Duke of Cumberland The Marquess of Winchester made Duke of Bolton William Bentinek Esq made Baron of Cyrencester Viscount Woodstock and Earl of Portland Viscount Faulconberg made Earl of Faulconberg Viscount Mordant made Earl of Monmouth Lord Mountague made Viscount Mounthermer and Earl of Mountague Lord Churchill made Earl of Marlborough Henry Sidney Esq made Baron Milton Viscount Sidney of Sheppy in Kent Lord Lumley made Viscount Lumley of Lumley-Castle in Durham Lord Cholmondly made Baron of Cholmondly of Wich Malbanch alias Nantwich in Cheshire Tho. Pilkington Esq Lord Mayor of London Knighted Sir Geo. Hewit made Baron of James-Town and Viscount Goran in Ireland K. William and Q. Mary crowned at Westminster by the Bishop of London and the day kept with great Ceremony in most of the chief Towns in England The House of Commons walked on foot from Westminster to White-hall to congratulate their Majesties on their Coronations Admiral Herbert arrived at Kingsale in Ireland George Jeffereys Baron of Wemm and late Lord Chancellour of England dyed in the Tower of London and was buried in the Tower privately the Sunday night following by an Order his Relations got from K. William The Sieur de Schmittan Envoy extraordinary from the Duke of Brandenburgh had Audience of the King and Queen at Hampton-Court George Booth Esq Sir Richard Temple Sir John Worden Sir Robert Southwell Sir Robert Clayton Sir Patience Ward made Commissioners of the Customs The Lords Address to K. William to sapport the Church of England and to call a Convocation Sir Henry Fane Sir Hen. Ashurst Sir Hum. Edwin Tho. Frankland Esq Fran. Parry Esq John Danvers Esq and John Wilcox Jun. Esq made Commissioners for the Excise The Earl of Danby made Marquess of Caermarthen K. William passed six Acts of Parliament An Address of the House of Commons to K. William for a War with France and the King's Answer to it The Baron de Schutz Envoy extraordinary from the Dukes of Lunenburgh c. had Audience of their Majesties at Hampton-Court Two Proclamations came out 1. To incourage French Protestants 2. For prohibiting French Goods The Estates of Scotland named the Earl of Argyle Sir James Montgomery and Sir John Dalrimple to go Commissiones for England to offer the Crown of Scotland to K. William and Q. Mary which was done accordingly on the 11th of May in great solemnity in the Banqueting House at Whitehall to which place the Commissioners came by Post Arrived at Portsmouth the Wolf from Virginia having on Board the Lord Howard of Effingham Governour of Virginia K. William put out two Proclamations for prohibiting Seamen to serve foreign Princes c. May K. William passed at Westminster the Poll Act and two more A Fight betwixt Admiral Herbert and the French at Bantry Bay in the N.W. of Ireland The Estates of Scotland adjourned to the 21st instant A Call of Serjeants viz. Sir Hen. Pollexfen Nich. Lechmore Tho. Rookesby John Thurburn Will. Wogan Will. Pawlet Nath. Bond Gyles Eyres Hen. Hatsell John Blencow Peyton Ventris John Powell Roger Bellwood John Tremain John Trenchard and John Turton Esqs The same day the Judges were constituted viz. Sir John Holt Ch. Just Sir W. Dolben Sir W. Gregory and Gyles Eyres Esq of the King's-Bench Sir Henry Pollexfen Ch. Just Sir John Powell Tho Rookesby and Peâ—ton Ventris Esqs of the Common Pleas Sir Robert Atkinson Ch. Baron Sir Ed. Nevile Nich. Lechmore and John Turton Esqs of the Exchequer John Trenchard Esq Ch. Just of Chester Sir Geo. Treby Attorney General John Summers Esq Sollicitor General The Plate Fleet arrived in the Downs richly laden A Declaration of War against France came out A Proclamation against a Libell called The History of the Convention offering 100 l. reward to discover Author or Printer The Thanksgiving-day was kept in Scotland for their Deliverance from Popery and Slavery K. William gave his Royal Assent to five Acts at Westminster A Proclamation for appointing Commissioners for the Poll Act and another to prevent false Musters K. William came to Portsmouth and on board the Elizabeth Frigot dined with Admiral Herbert where he declared his Royal intention to make Admiral Herbert an Earl and there Knighted Capt. John Ashby and Capt. Clowdes Shovell and the King returned that Evening to Hampton-Court after giving 2600 l. amongst the wounded c. Seamen A great Sally by the Protestants at Londonderry with success George Lord Melvill made sole Secretary of State in Scotland Frederick Count de Schomberg made General of all his Majesty's Forces Master General of the Ordinance and of his Majesty's Privy Council Baron of Teys Earl of Brantford marquess of Harwich and Duke of Schomberg About 120 Seamen came Voluntiers from Norwich to serve his Majesty and about 150 more went by Land to Portsmouth on the same account Robert Casor Master of the Advice a Cole Ship beat two French Prizes Sir Robert Wright late Lord Chief Justice dyed in Newgate The Assistence Frigot came into Plymouth with the Body of the late Duke of Albemarle K. William's Declaration with an Order of Council for encouraging Seamen K. William's Proclamation for a Fast to be kept about London on the fifth of June on the 19th all England over K. William gave his Royal Assent to the Act for Toleration of Dissenters and two Acts more The Estates of Scotland read K. William's Letter to make them a Convention which they acccepted with thanks and adjourned to June 5. and ordered all their Members to meet then The Heer 's Engelenburg Witsen Odyck Citters and Dyckvelt Ambassadours extraordinary from Holland made their publick Entrance and on the 30th had their publick Audience at the Banquetting House at Whitehall K. William gave his Royal Assent to two Acts of Parliament Vice-Admiral Almonde arrived at Portsmouth with part of the Dutch Fleet. The Scanderoon Fleet came to Plymouth The Dutchess of Albemarle arrived at Plymouth from Jamaica The Duke of Somerset was installed Chancellour of Cambridge at Northumberland House in the Strand Major General Kirke set Sail from High-lake nigh Leverpole with his Forces for London-Derry June Admiral Herbert created Earl of Torrington and Baron Herbert of Torbay The Assistant Frigat with fourteen Merchant men from the West-Indies came into the Downs John Ashburnham Esq Created Baron Ashburnham of Ashburn-Hall in Sussex The Dutch Ambassadours had Audience The Dutch Fleet of Thirty
Capital Ships came to the Spit-head Edward Mosely Esq of Lancashire Knighted Edinburgh Castle deliverd up by the Duke of Gourdon His Majesty set Sail from the Spit-head London-Derry made another advantageous Sally Major General Kirke came to the Lough before London-Derry The Fortress of Keyseawreart surrendered by the French to the Duke of Brandenburgh Above Eighty of the Clergy of London went in a Body to take the Oaths at Westminster-hall The Parliament of Scotland met and passed an Act to ascertain King William's Authority King William went to the Parliament at Westminster and passed Ten Acts. King William's Proclamation to offer one Hundred Pound to discover either Sir Adam Blair or Doctor Robert Grey for dispersing King James's Declaration John Studer was executed at Kingston for deserting His Majesty's Service King William went to the House of Lords and made a Speech to the Parliament King of Sweden's Envoy had Audience July An Act passed in Scotland to take away the Supremacy over Ecclesiastical Affairs James Ermendenger made Master of their Majesties Hand-Guns A Plot discovered to have fired Edinburgh and to have destroyed the Estates on the Eight instant on which discovery about Forty Persons were secured The Earl of Pembroke had Audience of the States of Holland There landed from Three French Men of War about Eight hundred Irish in Argile-shire in Scotland from Carrick fergus King William called by Writ to sit as Barons in the House of Lords Charles Lord Dursley and Robert Lord Viscount Lisle who took their places The Protestants at Inniskilling by a Sally beat a Convoy of four hundred and took two Firkins of money and fifteen Waggons of Ammunition and Provisions A Proclamation to offer Ten pound to discover any High-way man. Robert Serle Esq appointed to be Consul of Leghorne Duke Schomberg left White-hall in order to his journey to Chester towards his Relief of Ireland Duke Schomberg came to Chester being received with great respect next day viewed the ground where the Camp was to be A French Man of War brought in as a prize to Plymouth which came from Ireland The Act for Abolishing the Episcopacy in Scotland was touched with the Sceptre The Spanish Ambassadour had his publick Audience About four of the Clock in the Morning her Royal Highness Princess Anne of Denmark was brought to Bed of a Son and on the Twenty seventh was Christen'd by the name of William by the Bishop of London at Hampton Court where his Majesty declared him Duke of Glocester King William passed nine Acts of Parliament Came out a Proclamation against exporting of Salt Petre. Martin Wiscomb made Consul of Cadiz and Saint Maries London-derry in Ireland was relieved after it was brought to that extremity that five hundred ninety one Bombs had been shot into the Town and six thousand dyed for want of Provisions and five thousand fighting men left in it the same night the Duke of Berwick with King James's Forces raised the Siege and went away burning all places they left behind Aug. A great fight in Scotland betwixt General Mackay and the Lord Dundee where the latter was killed The Parliament of Scotland Adjourned to the eighth of October Pope Innocent XI dyed in the 79th year of his Age and was the sixth buried at Saint Peter's Church at Rome after he had lain three days in the Church for publick view The Earl of Torrington with the Fleet nigh the Isle of Silly designed for the Coast of Ireland Four Ships went with Provisions from Highlake to London-derry Launceston in Cornwall did present an Address to King William being the first of any County of England Duke Schomberg set Sail from Highlake and on the thirteenth landed at Bangor in the North of Ireland with the English Forces A Fight betwixt Prince Waldeck with the English and Dutch Forces and Mareschal d'Humieres with the French where near two thousand of the latter were killed the fight at Dunkell in Scotland William Forester and James Forbes Esqs and Clerks of the Green-cloth were Knighted at Hampton Court. Francis Blake of Ford Castle Knighted at Hampton Court. Carrick fergus in Ireland surrendred to Duke Schomberg after four days Siege The North Male Robbed nigh Newington in Middlesex Mr. Walker late Governour of London-derry waited on their Majesties at Hampton Court where the King presented him five Thousand pound as a Reward The Earl of Levins is made Governour of Edinburgh Castle The Earl of Torrington with the Fleet at Torbay Mr. Walker late Governour of London-derry waited on King William at Hampton Court and presented an Address Sept. The Chester Male Robbed betwixt Highgate and Whetstone A Proclamation Authorizing Commissioners for the Act of 12 d. in the pound Duke Hamilton sworn of his Majesty's Privy Council at White-hall Edward Smith Esq appointed Consul for the Canary Islands The East-land Fleet of 34 Sail passed by Weymouth Parliament met and Adjourned to October the 19th following The Dutch Ambassadours had their Audience of leave Sir John Holt Lord Chief Justice of England sworn of the Privy Council Sir Thomas Pilkington continued Lord Mayor of London for the ensuing year The King left White-hall towards his journey for New-Market Octo. The Fleet under the Earl of Torrington Sailed out of Torbay to the Spit-head A Proclamation to preserve the New River Water The University of Cambridge waited on King William at New-market The King din'd at New-market Bonn taken by the Duke of Brandenburgh after 55 days being blocked up and 26 days close Siege King William returned from Cambridge and New-market to Hampton-Court Doctor Stillingfleet Bishop of Worcester Doctor Patrick Bishop of Chichester Doctor Ironside Bishop of Bristol were Consecrated at the Bishop of London's Chapel at Fulham by the Bishop of London Bishop of St. Asaph and Bishop of Rochester The Parliament met at Westminster where King William made a Speech to them Queen of Portugal was brought to Bed of a Son. Was kept in London by the Irish Protestants the Anniversary for the deliverance from the Massacre in 1641. King William was made free of the Grocers Company and on the presenting his Freedom Ralph Box Esq was Knighted Sir George Davis made Conful of Naples Nov. Richard Lord Coot made Earl of Earles of Bellomont in Ireland Was brought into Falmouth a French Vessel taken going to Ireland with 4000 Armes and Powder and Officers A Fleet of Eighty Sail with six Thousand Foot and one Thousand Horse on Board of Danes Sailed by Hull for Scotland Envoy from Spanish Flanders had his Audience Thomas Kirke Esq made Consul of Genoua The Danish Forces arrived at Hull A Proclamation offering 200 l. for apprehending of Edmund Ludlow Lambert Blackwell Esq made Consul of Leghorne Walter Doleman Esq made Consul of Alicant in Spain An order of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen offering 500 l. to discover the Person that offered an Indignity to King William's Picture in Guild-hall Dec. Thomas Papillion Simon Macne John Agur Humphrey Ayles and James
Britain's Glory AND ENGLAND'S BRAVERY Wherein is shewed The Degrees of Honour from the Prince to the Peasant with the Honour of the Nobles and Previleges of the Commons the proper Places and Precedency of all Persons from the Throne to the Bondman more particularly in Coronations Processions Feasts Funerals and other great Assembly As also Honour of Arms Power of Heralds Signification of Charges in Coat-Armour with an Armorial Dictionary explaining the Terms of Heraldry And an account of all the Orders of Knighthood in Christendom and of the Weights and Measures of England To Which is added A Continuation of the Historian's Guide from November 1687. where the Third and Last Impression ends to June 1689. Being the Collections and Observations of Benjamine Smithurst LONDON Printed for William Crook at the Green-Dragon without Temple-Bar near Devereux-Court 1689. A TABLE TO Britain's Glory c. CHAP. I. OF the Distinction of Titles page 1 The Name of Gentleman in general Of the King. Nobles Commons CHAP. II. Of the King's Most Excellent Majesty 4 Coronation Anointing Sceptre Globe Ring Bracelet Sword. Robes Diadem and the Stones Crown Offering days Collar days CHAP. III. Of the Prince pag. 9 Of the King's Child en CHAP. IV. Of Dukes 10 CHAP. V. Of Marquesses 13 CHAP. VI. Of Earls 14 CHAP. VII Of Viscounts 15 CHAP. VIII Of Barons Spiritual and Temporal 16 CHAP. IX Of Noblewomen 20 Queen-Sovereign Queen-Consort Queen-Dowager Princesses Dames Gentlewomen Alien women CHAP. X. Of Injuries to Noblemen 23 CHAP. XI Knight of the Garter 24 The Names of the Knights 1685. The Names of the Knights 1689. CHAP. XII Knights Bannerets 29 CHAP. XIII Knights Baronets 31 CHAP. XIV Knights of the Bath 33 CHAP. XV. Knights Bachelours 37 Degrading of Knights CHAP. XVI Knights of the Round Table 41 Other Orders of Knighthood viz. Knights of St. Andrew or the Thistle in Scotland 42 Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem 44 Hospitallers ib. Templers 45 St. Lazarus in Jerusalem 46 St. Bass or St. Bassil 47 St. Katharine at Mount Sinai ib. The Martyrs of Palestine ib. Oak in Navarre 48 Lilly of Navarre ib. Band in Spain 49 Dove in Castile ib. Fish Scale in Castile ib. Lilly in Aragon 50 Mountjoy ib. Acon or Acress ib. St. James in Galiciâ— 51 St. Saviours in Aragon ib. St. Julian or of Alcantara 52 Callatrava in Castile ib. Tuxillo or Trugillo ib. Our Lady and St. George ib. St. Mary de Merced in Aragon 53 Rosary in Toledo ib. Golden Fleece 54 D'Avis ib. St. Michael's Wing 55 St. James 55 Knights of Christ 56 Jesus Christ in France ib. Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel 57 St. Michael ib. Holy Ghost 58 The Gennet 59 Crown Royal. ib. Lady of the Star. 60 Thistle of Bourbonne ib. The Porcupine 61 Cressants of Anjou ib. Ermin in Bretaigne ib. St. Mary the Glorious of Italy 62 Holy Ghost at Rome ib. Angelick of St. George 63 St. Peter at Rome ib. St. George at Rome 64 Pius at Rome ib. Loretto at Rome ib. Glorious Virgin Mary at Rome ib. Jesus now at Rome 65 De la Calza in Venice ib. St. Mark in Venice 66 St. George at Genoa ib. Pretious Bloud of our Saviour Jesus Christ at Mantua 67 St. Stephen of Florence ib. Knot in Naples 68 Argonaute of Naples ib. Ermin in Naples ib. Annunciation in Savoy 69 Knights of St. Maurice 70 St. Maurice and St. Lazarus 71 Bear in Switzerland ib. Tutonick Order of Prusia 72 Gereon in Germany 73 St. George in Austria ib. St. Michael the Archangel ib. St. Anthony in Haynault 74 Tusin Order in Bohemia ib. St. Hubert in Gulick 75 St. James in Holland ib. St. Brice ib. The Seraphim 76 Aramanta ib. Elephant in Denmark ib. Of Christ or Sword in Livonia 77 White Eagle in Poland ib. Dragon in Hungary ib. Sword in Cyprus 78 St. Anthony in Aethiopia ib. Burgundian Cross in Tunis 79 Broom-Flower in France ib. Ship in France 80 CHAP. XVII Esquires ib. CHAP. XVIII Gentlemen 82 By Ecclesiastical Preferment 86 By Military Profession ib. In the Civil State 87 CHAP. XIX Yeomen 90 CHAP. XX. Artificers and Labourers 92 CHAP. XXI Precedency 93 CHAP. XXII Procession at a Coronation 98 CHAP. XXIII Proceeding on the Coronation day 102 CHAP. XXIV King 's going to Parliament in State 105 CHAP. XXV Coronation-Feasts 107 CHAP. XXVI Royal Feast at other times the K. present 111 CHAP. XXVII Funerals 112 CHAP. XXVIII Proceeding of the Funeral of a Gentleman Esquire Knight or Baronet 114 CHAP. XXIX Precedency of a Nobleman's Funeral from a Duke to a Baronet 115 CHAP. XXX Heralds and their Duty 116 CHAP. XXXI Heraldry 121 CHAP. XXII Ordinaries 126 Charges Common 132 CHAP. XXXIII Abatements 152 CHAP. XXXIV Points in an Escoucheon 156 Terms of Art explained 157 Weights and Measures 169 Brittain's Glory WHEREIN Is shewed the Degrees of Honour from the Prince to the Peasant the Honour of the Nobles and the Privileges of the Commons c. CHAP. I. Of the Distinction of Titles THe Name Gentleman is of such account that it is given as a proper Title to all persons from the King to the lowest Degree of those that bear Coat-Armour and also to many who though they can claim no Right to the Bearing of Coat Armour yet claim a Right to the Title of Gentleman by virtue of the Place or Office which they hold But as in the Body Natural the Members are disposed to several Offices for the preservation of the whole so in the Body Politick a Distinction of persons is accounted necessary for the preservation of the whole and such is the Policy of this Realm especially that for the better Government thereof they have made a threefold Division of persons viz. Sovereign Nobles and Commons 1. The King is our Sovereign Monarch under which name a Sovereign Queen is comprehended 2. Under the Name of Nobles are comprehended the Prince Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts and Barons called Lords Spiritual and Temporal 3. By the Commons are understood the Knights of the Garter if no otherwise dignified Knights Bannerets Baronets Knights of the Bath Knights Bachelours Esquires and Gentlemen together with Yeomen Artificers and Labourers And though our Law doth not call any man Noble under the Degree of a Baron yet many there be which make a Distinction between Nobiles Majores which is from the Prince to the Baron and Nobiles Minores which includes all from under a Baron to the Gentleman and leaves the rest to be called Commons When we say the Nobles of the Land the King is not comprehended by the Common Law he being the Fountain of all Nobility but is by the Civil Law. The Nobility are known by the name of the Peers of the Realm or Barons of England for anciently the Dukes Marquesses Earls and Viscounts did sit together in the King 's great Counsel of Parliament as Barons by which is understood the whole Body of the Nobility and though there be different Robes worn at their Creation yet in
Parliament the greatest of the Nobility wear the same Robes with Barons only the Dukes Marquesses c. wear more or less Furrs upon their Shoulders with some difference in the Furr that is set as Fringes or Edgings on their Robes and take place according to their Dignity of which more particularly anon Besides it is observable that in Cases criminal all Degrees of Nobility are tryed by Barons as well as those of their own Dignity or Degree as their Peers and Barons are tryed by Nobles of a higher Degree as well as those of their own as in all such Cases is well known It may be here noted That no English man receiving any Title of Honour from a foreign Prince can use the same in England But if he have no other Title from the King must in all judicial proceedings be named by his name of Baptism and Sirname excepting only the Honour of Knight-hood which is to be born in all places And this is the same in Scotland or Ireland as well as in other Lands CHAP. II. Of the King's Most Excellent Majesty THe Title used by the Kings of England as those of France and Spain and some few others is Dei Gratiâ which is to be understood simply as having his Authority from none but God he is styled Deffender of the Faith which was antiently used by the Kings of England but Anno. 1521. confirmed to them by a Bull from Pope Leo the 10th in King Henry the 8th's time and by Act of Parliament made Supreme Head of the Church of England and he as all other Kings writes in the plural Number The Ceremonies at our King's Coronation are more than are used in many other Countreys as the Annointing with Oil which is said by some to be of a thousand years standing and hath a Priest's Garment called a Dalmatica or Colobium put on him to shew he is both King and Priest He hath an Emperial Crown set upon his Head at his Coronation by the Archbishop of Canterbury which is a peculiar Prerogative belonging to that See. The King hath also many other emblematical Ensigns and Ceremonies at his Coronation which hath these following proper Significations 1. At his Coronation first he hath the Priest's Garment or Dalmatica put upon him to shew his Power in the Church 2. He is annointed with Oil to shew his Person is Sacred on the Head to shew Glory on the Breast to signifie Sanctity on the Arms to emblemize Power His Ensigns of Regality are these 1. In his Right-hand is a Sceptre to shew Justice 2. In his Left-hand a Globe with a Cross on it called a Mound used ever since Edward the Confessour signifying that the Faith of Christ is to be owned throughout his Empire 3. A Ring is put on his Finger whereby he is wedded to his People and denotes Faithfulness 4. He hath a Bracelet put on his Hand the Emblem of good Works 5. A Sword is born before him to signifie Vengeance 6. He hath purple Robes to attract Reverence 7. On his Head he weareth a Diadem Triumphant to blazon his Glory in which Diadem some take notice of twelve precious Stones and shew their Significations as followeth 1. Say they the first is a Tophaz whose Rays seem to partake of the Colours of most sorts of precious Stones by which the King is warned to exercise all Vertues 2. A Smaragd or Emrauld of a pure green and shews that Justice is an ornament for a King. 3. A Sardick whose Colour is like red Clay it is in the top of the Crown whereby the King is put in mind that though he be the highest yet he is but Clay 4. A Crysolite which shineth like Gold sending forth as it were flames this exhorteth the King to shew Wisdom and Prudence in his Actions 5. A Chalcedon which is strong and hard by Nature and sheweth that the King should be of Fortitude and courage of Mind 6. An Hyacinth which shews like Water when the Sun shineth upon it it teacheth Temperance c. 7. A Jasper of a dark Grass-green and teacheth the King to provide more for his Peoples Sustenance than his own 8. A Chrysoprasus whose Colour is like Gold somewhat mixed with green thereby advising the King to Wisdom and to aspire to heavenly things 9. A Berill of a pale Green shewing that a Prince ought to have heavenly Contemplation and to abhor Epicurism 10. A Sapphir of a light Blew it instructeth the King to Continency and Chastity 11. There is an Amethyst of a purple or Violet Colour advising the King to a faithfull Discharge of his Royal Function and so give a good Example to his People 12. The Last is a Sardonyx which is black at bottom red in the midst and white above and sheweth a King ought to be Charitable Humble and Sincere The Imperial Crown hath not been long in use with us for formerly the King wore a Coronet composed of Spires or points untill Henry the 3d. who first wore the Imperial Diadem There are twelve Days which are called the twelve Houshold or Offering Days on which the Nobles attending at Court and Knights of the Garter wear their Robes and the Besant is given to the Lord Steward the Days are as followeth On these four Days the King offers Gold which is given by one of the White-staff Officers viz. 1 Christmas Day 2 Easter Day 3 Whitsunday 4 All Saints Day These two Days the King offers Gold Myrrh and Frankincense 1 New Years Day 2 Epiphany On the Six Days following the King offers only Gold 1 The Purification 2 The Anunciation 3 The Ascention-Day 4 Trinity Sunday 5 Midsummer-Day 6 Michaelmas-Day The King's Collar Days without offering are the Sundays and Hollydays in the twelve Days of Christmas all the Apostles and Evangelists Days the Coronation Day the King's Birth Day the 5th of November St. George's Day Monday and Tuesday in Easter Week Monday and Tuesday in Whitsun Week CHAP. III. Of the Prince THe King 's Eldest Son and Heir Apparent from the Day of his Birth is entituled Prince of Wales and since the happy Union of the Kingdoms his Title hath been Magnae Britanniae Princeps but he is usually called by the former Title of Prince of Wales He is as the King 's eldest Son by his Birth Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester and as Eldest Son to the King of Scotland he is Earl of Rothsay and Senchall of Scotland from his Birth but he is created Prince of Wales At his Creation he is presented before the King in Princely Robes who putteth a Coronet of Gold upon his Head a Ring on his middle Finger a Verge of Gold into one Hand and his Letters Patents after they are read into the other Hand His Mantle which he wears in Parliament is doubled with five Doublings upon his Shoulder and his Cap of State is indented at Bottom His Coronet formerly was composed of Crosses and and Flower-de-luces mixed but since
the happy Restauration it was solemnly ordered that the Son and Heir Apparent to the Crown of England should bear his Coronet of Crosses and Flower-de-luces with one Arch a Ball and Cross thereon as the King 's By Order of Common Law the King might levy a reasonable Aid of his Subjects for the Knighting his Eldest Son at the Age of fifteen years and to marry his Daughter at seven years which Aid was twenty Shillings for every Knight's Fee and as much for every twenty pounds per Annum in Soccage but this is now laid aside CHAP IV. Of Dukes THe Title and Degree of Duke hath been of more ancient standing in the Empire and some other Nations than in England for the first English Duke was Edward the Black Prince who was created Duke of Cornwall Anno. 1337. by which Creation the eldest Son of the King is Duke of Cornwall from his Birth or his Father's coming to the Crown A Duke takes his Name à Ducendo from Leading being at first a Leader of the Royal Army but now it is a Title given by Kings to Persons of high Bloud and excellent Merit and at this day the Sovereign Princes of some Countries are called Dukes as of Moscovoy Savoy Florence Saxony c. At their Creation they have two Ensigns of Honour and so have most other Noble men to signifie their Duty First their Heads are adorned with a Chapeau or Head Attire of Scarlet Colour doubled or lined with Ermin And Secondly a Sword which is girt about him which shews his readiness to serve and defend his Prince his Mantle over his shoulders is guarded with four guards or Folds of Ermin his Coronet is of Gold set round with Leaves the Cap is of Crimson but not indented as the Prince's is unless he be of the Bloud Royal and his Verge is of Gold Dukes of the Bloud Royal have their Coronet's composed of Crosses and Flower de-luces and are reputed as Arch-Dukes A Duke tantum or no more but Duke takes place before Marquess and Earl but if a Duke be Marquess and Earl or either of them then he shall take place before such Duke tantum Note Dukes Marquesses and Earls at their Creation are girt with a Sword or else it is put over their Shoulders which Viscounts and Barons have not A Duke out of the King 's or Prince's presence may have a Cloth of State hanging down within half a yard of the Ground his Duchess may have the same and her Train born up by a Baroness No Earl without Permission ought to wash with a Duke Dukes Eldest Sons by the Courtesie of England are from their Birth styled Marquesses and the younger Sons Lords and and take place of Viscounts but not so privileg'd by the Laws of the Land. A Duke hath the Title of Grace being written unto he is styled Most High Most Noble and Potent Prince also Right Noble Dukes of the Bloud are styled Most High Most Mighty and Illustrious Princes The Ceremonies at his Creation are these He hath his Sur-coat and Hood and is led between two of the Noblest Persons present not being above him a little before him on the Right-hand goeth an Earl with the Cap of State and Coronet on it on the other side an Earl with the Verge Just before him one of the greatest Estate as Marquess c. bearing his Sword and before him an Earl bearing his Mantle and Robe of State all which Nobles must be in their Robes His Title is proclaimed twice and Largus thrice His Honour is Hereditary as is all the Nobles unless otherwise Provided in their Patent which is rare Lastly a Duke may constitute six Chaplains CHAP. V. Of a Marquess A Marquess by the Saxons called Marken Reeve i. e. a Governor or Ruler of the Marches hath the next place of Honour to a Duke This Title came in first by Richard the 2d who created Robert Vere Marquess of Dublin whereas before they that governed the Marches were entituled Earl of March which Marches were those Grounds between England and Wales and are now reduced into the Counties and Shires of Monmouth Brecknock Radnor Denbigh and Mountgomery At his Creation he is honoured with a Coronet of Gold composed of a Strawberry Leaf and a Point pearled of equal hight round his Mantle hath three folds or doublings and a half his Eldest Son is by Courtesie called Earl or Lord of his Father's Title his younger only Lord John Thomas or the like His Title is Most Noble Most Honourable and Potent Prince If the King Prince or a Duke be absent he may have a Cloath of State to reach within a yard of the Ground his Marchioness may have her Train born up by a Knight's Lady in her own house but not in the presence of a Duchess his eldest Son shall wear as many powderings as an Earl but must give place to an Earl and his Wife to a Countess but may sit above all Marquess Daughters the Eldest whereof is born Countess and the rest Ladies At his Creation he must have his Surcoat and Hood He is led by Marquesses his Sword Cap c. are born by Earls CHAP VI. Of an Earl. THE Dignity of an Earl is either local or personal local as from some place as Oxford c. or personal as Earl Marshal Earl Rivers c. Hugh Lupus was the first Hereditary Earl Anno 1067. made so by William the First who created him Earl of Chester and gave him Jura Regalia within the said County An Earl is created by Letters Patents and adorned with a Cap of Honour and a Coronet of Gold composed of Leaves and Points pearled the Leaves lower than the Points He hath his Hood Surcoat and Mantle of State with three Guards of Furr being Ermin upon his Shoulders though some say it ought to be white he is girt with a Sword also When the King writes to a Duke Marquess or Earl he styles them Cosins though of no Kin. Formerly they had the Title of Prince but now it is Most Potent and Noble Lord Right Honourable Truly Noble c. Out of his Superiour's presence he may have a Cloth of State fringed but without Pendents his Wife may have her Train born by an Esquire's Wife but not in the presence of a Marchioness CHAP. VII Of a Viscount THe next Degree of Honour is a Viscount formerly a name of Office under an Earl who being the immediate Officer of the King in the County and his personal Attendence at Court often required he had his Deputy to look after the Affairs of the County which Office is now called Vice-comes or Sheriff but in the 18th of Henry VI. it became a Degree of Honour conferred upon John Beaumont by Letters Patents as all since are He hath his Surcoat and Mantle which hath two Guards and an half of white Fur His Coronet is set round with Pearls or Balls close to the Ring without number but close together He hath the Title of
Right Honourable Truly Noble Potent Lord c. He may have a Traverse in his House except in his Superiour's presence his Wife may have her Train born up by a Woman out of her Superiours presence in their presence by a Man. CHAP. VIII Of Barons or Lords which are Spiritual and Temporal THe next and lowest Degree of Nobility is that of a Baron which is twofold Lords Spiritual and Temporal but first of the Lords Spiritual or Bishops § 1. By Lords Spiritual are meant only the Suffragan Bishops for the Archbishops are accounted of the prime Nobility of the Kingdom of which we have two viz. of Canterbury and York 1. The Archbishop of Canterbury had formerly great Honour so that no Legate or Nuntio from Rome could exercise any Legantine Power without the King 's special License else he was accountable to the Archbishop of Canterbury In General Councils he had place before all Archbishops at the Pope's right Foot and at home was reputed the second Person in the Kingdom or first Peer of the Realm having Precedency of all Dukes not of the Royal Bloud and of all the great Officers of State. He hath Power to summon the Archbishop of York and the Bishops of his Province to a National Synod He is styled even by the King by the Grace of God and writes himself by Divine Providence as doth the Archbishop of York whereas other Bishops write by Divine Permission He hath the Title of Grace given him as Dukes have and of most Reverend Father in God and Metropolitan of all England The Coronation of the King hath anciently belonged to him it being resolved that wheresoever the Court was the King and Queen were the proper and Domestical Parishioners of the Archbishop of Canterbury The Bishop of London is accounted his Provincial the Bishop of Winchester his Chancellour and the Bishop of Rochester his Chaplain He hath under his Jurisdiction twenty one Suffragan Bishops seventeen in England and four in Wales His Clergies Tenths are 65.1 l. 18 s. 2¼ d. his Archbishoprick is valued in the King's Book at 2816 l. 17 s. 9¼ d. He may qualifie and retain eight Chaplains which is two more than a Duke may 2. The Archbishop of York pretended anciently to have all the Bishops of Scotland under his Inspection and that they should receive their Consecration from him and swear Canonical Obedience to his See he is allowed to write himself Metropolitan of England but not of All England as Canterbury doth but at length the Bishops of Scotland would not acknowlege any such Power to him and disowned all Obedience to him and had Archbishops of their own Anno 1466. leaving him in England but four Bishops His Bishoprick is now valued at 1609 l. 19 s. 2 d. And the Tenths of the Clergy to 1113 l. 17 s. 9 d. 10 b. 1. qu. he hath Precedency before all Dukes not of the Royal Bloud and before all great Officers of State except the Lord Chancellour or Lord Keeper He hath the Title of Grace and most Reverend Father in God and he writeth by Divine Providence He hath the Honour to crown the Queen and to be her perpetual Chaplain and hath great Privileges only Durham hath a peculiar Jurisdiction exempt from the See of York Having made this Digression we come next to speak of the Suffragan Bishops who though they have some peculiar Precedencies amongst themselves yet in general they are esteemed as Barons and from thence have the names of Lords Spiritual In their own Courts they have power to judge and pass Sentence alone and therefore they send forth their Writs in their own name and not in the King 's In whatever Princes Dominions they are their Episcopal Dignity and Degree is owned In Parliament they Vote in all things except in matter of Life and Limb. They have the Title of Lord are styled Right Reverend Fathers in God and write by Divine Permission They may qualifie 6 Chaplains which are as many as a Duke and are Barons and Peers of the Realm And as Spiritual Barons precede all under the Degree of a Viscount and are placed on the King 's Right Hand in Parliament All Church-men are prohibited the wearing of Swords and a Priest the Order of Knighthood § 2. Of Barons Temporal We may observe that the word Baron is variously derived some from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 some from Baro which is the same with Vir in Latine and with Varon in the Spanish so that Baron signifies a notable or principal man thus anciently the Burgesses of London were called Barons as those of the Cinque-Ports now are but leaving the Name to speak of the Person a Baron the Archbishops excepted is a Dignity next to a Viscount and though according to Cambden they are not by our Common Laws allowed to be of the Degree of Nobility yet this of a Baron may be by Tenure for the Title of Baron by Patent which is under the Broad-Seal of England is Status Gradus Dignitas and being by the King 's Writ summoned as Members of the higher House of Parliament they are thereby made Nobles and Peers of the Realm As they are Barons without any other Distinction they wear a Coronet by the Ordinance of King Charles the 2d having six Balls or Pearls set close to the Border at equal distance and have their peculiar Parliament Robes which have two doublings of white Furr Thus far of Noble Men. CHAP. IX Of Noble Women and first of the Queen THere are three sorts of Queens 1. A Queen-Sovereign to whom the Crown descends by Birth-right and is equal in Power to a King if she marry she is Sovereign to her Husband and he her Subject in England though he be an Emperour 2. The Queen-Consort She hath very great Privileges and the Laws set so high a value on her as to make it High Treason to conspire her Death or violate her Chastity her Robes are the same with a Sovereign Queen She sits in State by the King keeps her Court and hath the same General Officers as the King hath though she be an Alien she needs no Act of Parliament to natralize her the Crown taking away that defect She hath the same Honour performed to her that the King hath as well from Foreigners as Subjects 3. The Queen-Dowager She hath the same Honour done to her also and takes place next the Queen-Consort nor doth she lose her Title of Queen though she marry a private Gentleman as Queen Katharine Widow to Henry the 5th who though she married Owen Tudor Esq yet she maintained her Action at Law as Queen of England So in King Edward the 6th's Time Sir Thomas Seymer Lord high Admiral having married the Queen Dowager to Henry the 8th she denied Precedency to her Sister in Law the Lord Protectour's Wife as belonging to her as Queen which was aggravated so high that it proved the untimely Deaths of those two famous Men. The King's
upon St. George's Day and when it shall please the Sovereign to celebrate the Ceremonies of the Installment at their Feast and on the King 's Offering days if in Court and have no other Title of Honour To each Knight belongs a Collar of the Order made of pure Gold weighing 30 Ounces Troy composed of Garters and Roses enemalled Red and White since Henry 7th and since the Union of the Kingdoms mixed with Thistles which Collar hath the Image of St. George set with precious Stones appendent and worn over all their Robes at St. George's Feast and over their Cloaks or Coats on the King 's Offering days they take place according to the Seniority of their Installment and if they have no other Titles which is very rare they succeed Barons Their Officers are a Prelate which is allways the Bishop of Winchester a Chancellor a Register a King at Arms and an Usher called the Black Rod which was added by Henry 8th CHAP XII Of Knights Bannerets THese are called by some Equites Vexillarii or Cheviliers a Banier and is a most ancient Order being instituted by King Edward the first and always conferred upon the most deserving men for their signal Valour who in process of time as some say obtained the Names of Barons and were admitted into the Peerage and their Heirs enjoyed their Titles But certain it is they always retained some Ensigns of Honour equal to the Nobility being allowed to bear Arms with Supporters which none under the Degree of a Baron are to doe They take place before the younger Sons of Viscounts and Baronets and are of such esteem that divers Esquires and Knights Bachelors have served under them This Order in France was Hereditary but with us it is only for Life to the meritorious Person yet esteemed as a Glory and Honour to the Family The Ceremonies of their Creation is most Noble the King or his General if the King be not present after a Victory obtained doth at the Head of the Army drawn up in Battalia under his Royal Standard attended with all his Nobles and Field Officers receive the Person to be Knighted led between two renowned Knights or men at Arms having his Pennion of Arms in his Hand and before him the Hearalds who proclaim his valiant Atchievement for which he is counted worthy to be made a Knight Banneret and to display his Banner in the Field Then the King saith unto him advances toy Banneret and then he causeth the point of his Pennion to be rent off Then the new Knight having the Trumpets sounding the Nobles and Officers accompanying him he is attended to his Tent where they are nobly treated A Banneret thus made may bear his Banner displayed in the Royal Army and set his Arms thereon with Supporters as Nobles doe The last of this Order was Sir John Smith so made after Edg-hill-Fight for his valiant rescuing the King's Standard from the Rebels CHAP. XIII Of Baronets THis is the lowest Degree of Hereditary Honour and in that case succeeds Barons It was Instituted anno 1611. in the 9th of King James the First They are created by Letters Patents under the Great Seal of England to him and to his Heirs Males yet sometimes it may be otherwise entailed but this is rare and must be inserted in the Patent The Intention of this Order was for the propagating a Plantation in the Province of Vlster in Ireland towards which they were to lend their Aid or maintain 30 Soldiers each for 3 Years in Ireland after the rate of 8d per Day They have Precedency of all Knights except those of the Garter Knights Bannerets and Knights being privy Counsellors In all Writs Commissions c. they are are styled Baronets and the Title of Sir added to their Names and of Lady to their Wives They take place according to the Priority of the Date of their Patents unless the King insert a Clause to the contrary which is very rare Those admitted are to be of good Reputation and whose Grand father at least by the Father's Side bore Arms and he must be of the yearly Estate of 1000 l. de claro They or their eldest Son may receive the Order of Knight-hood at the age of 21 Years and they shall bear on a Canton or on an Escoucheon which can be best placed on their Arms the Arms of Vlster Argent a Sinister Hand in Pale Couped at Wrist Gules In the Royal Army they have place in the Gross near the Royal Standard and are allowed some peculiar Solemnities for their Funerals CHAP XIV Of the Knights of the Bath THey are called Knights of the Bath from the manner of their Creation and also Knights of the Holy Trinity from the Medal which they wear which is three Crowns with an Inscription about it which was formerly Tria Numina juncta in Vno But at King James the First his Coronation the word Numina was left out and so it alluded to the three Kingdoms of England Scotland and Ireland which were then joyned in one They are usually made at the Coronation of a King or Queen and at the Creation of a Prince or Duke of the Royal Bloud as at the Creation of Henry Prince of Wales and Charles Duke of York These Knights saith Froysard as quoted by Bloom were first created in Anno. 1399. but Elias Ashmole Esq thinks them more ancient and that Henry IV. who was then King did not constitute but rather restore the ancient manner of making Knights and made it peculiar to the Knights of the Bath which hath continued so ever since They are assigned no Statues neither are they to wear their Robes but upon the time of Solemnity except a red Ribbon worn cross their left Shoulder as those of the Garter do a Blew with a Medal above mentioned and upon a Vacancy their number which is uncertain is not supplied They are created with many and Noble Ceremonies and have had Princes and the prime of the Nobility of their Order The principal Ceremonies are these The Person is first sent for by the King and at his coming to Court the King usually Knights him with the Sword of State where he is honourably received by the chief Officers and Nobles of the Court and hath two Esquires to wait upon him and convey him to the Chamber appointed and see him no more that day where he is entertained with Musick then a Bath is prepared by a Barber who is to trim him and then the King is informed that he is ready for the Bath then is he instructed by the most grave Knights in the Order and Fees of Chivalry the Musick all the while playing at the Door then they undress him and put him naked into the Bath at which time the Musick ceases and one of the grave Knights saith to him Be this an honourable Bath to thee From the Bath he is conveyed to his Bed which is plain without Curtains c. as soon as he is dry
or Hood which covered half their Heads They professed Conjugal Chastity and Obedience to Superiours Knights of the Rosary in Toledo They were instituted by Roderick Archbishop of Toledo to resist the Moors in defence of the Catholick Religion They are continually to say the Rosary of the Blessed Lady and were of the Dominican Order their Ensign was the Figure of our Lady of the Rosary upon a Cross quarterly Argent and Sable Knights of the Golden-Fleece They were instituted by Philip Duke of Burgundy and Earl of Flanders Anno 1429. Their first Number was 24. but were increased afterwards by Charles the 5th St. Andrew is their Patron Their Habit is a Cassock of Crimson Velvet over it a Mantle of the same lined with white which openeth on the right Side and is turned up over the left Shoulder embroidered round with a Border Flames Fucels and Flecces with a Hood of Crimson Velvet The Collar which they always are to wear is of Gold wrought with Flames Fucels and golden Fleeces The lawfull Duke of Burgundy is Great Master or Sovereign of the Order who hath absolute Power to bestow it on whom he pleases but whosoever entereth into this Order must renounce all other Orders of Knight-hood except the Emperour and those Kings Princes and Dukes who are Sovereings of their own Orders They have a Chancellour a Treasurer a Register and a King at Arms called Toizon D' Or. Their meeting day is the second of May. Knights D' Avis These were instituted by Don Alphonso Henriquez the First King of Portugal and were at first called Knights of St. Mary Evora and not long after Knights of D' Avis from a Castle of that Name Their Badge is a Green Cross Flory and they follow the Rule of St. Benedict None are admitted into this Order but such as are Gentlemen by Father and Mother two Descents Knights of St. Michael 's Wing The same Don Alphonso Henriquez having obtained a great Victory against the Moors he in honour of St. Michael his tuteler Saint who appeared on his right side fighting against the Moors instituted this Order of Knight-hood Anno 1171. Their Badge was a red Sword crossed with a Flower-de-luce and this Motto Quis ut Deus They were of the Cistertian Order and were to defend the Country against the Incursions of the Moors Knights of St. James Were instituted by Don Denys the Sixth King of Portugal 1310. by whose help he cleared his Country of the Moors They profess Conjugal Chastity Hospitality and Obedience Their Ensign is a red Sword their Habit white and none are admitted but Gentlemen of Bloud Knights of Christ Were instituted in Portugal under Don Denys the Sixth above by Pope John the 22d who gave them the Possessions of the Knights Templers in Portugal They follow the Cistertian Order and wear a black Habit with a Cross Pattee Gules upon the Breast charged with another Argent The Knights of Jesus Christ in France They were instituted by Charles King of France and Richard the Second King of England for recovery of the Holy Land They had divers Officers and profest Obedience Conjugal Chastity and Poverty Their habit was a sad coloured Coat of Cloath reaching to the Calf of their Leg girt about them with a Girdle of Silk or Leather two Fingers broad a red Cap and over all a white woolen Coat with a red Cross of woolen Cloath about two Fingers broad upon the Breast from top to bottom and came round their Waste Their number were a thousand each Knight had an Esquire Armed at all points and three Varlets one to carry his Helmet and Launce another his Coat of Mail and the third to lead his Sumpter Knights of the Virgin Mary of Mount Carmell They were instituted by Henry the Fourth of France and confirmed by Pope Paul the Fifth 1608. They are to be the choice Gentlemen of France and are to attend the King in War to fight against the Enemies of the Roman Church and vow Obedience and Chastity they consist of a hundred Knights and hold their Feast anually on the 16th of July Their Badge is a Cross of eight points of a tawney collour with a white Border sewed on the left side of their Cloaks and the Figure of the V. Mary of Mount Carmell encircled with Rays of Gold placed in the midst and embroidered They wear the like Cross of Gold enamelled hanging about their Necks in a tawney Ribbon The Knights of St. Michael They were erected by Lewis the Eleventh of France An. 1469 in memory of an Apparition of St. Michael upon the Bridge of Orleance when that City was besieged by the English Their Habit is Doublet Hose Shooes Scabard Cap Band and Feather all white the Surcoat with Slieves is Cloath of Silver over all a Mantle of the same tyed upon the right Shoulder and turned up over the left bordered about with an Embroidery of Cockles and Knots over all the Collar of St. Michael which is very rich unto which hangeth the Picture of St. Michael Their number at first were but thirty six now much encreased they meet on Michaelmas day the King is Sovereign and they have a Treasurer a Chancellour a Register and a Herald named Monsan Michael Knights of the Holy Ghost Were instituted by Henry the Third of France 1578. in honour of Whitsunday on which day he was elected King of Poland There number is an hundred besides the King who is Sovereign in which number are four Cardinals five Prelates a Chancellour a Provost a Master of the Ceremonies a great Treasurer and a Scribe Their Feast day is the first of January Their Robe is black Velvet embroidered with Flower de-Luces of Gold and Silver with knots of Gold between sundry Rings or Cyphers of Silver and Flames of Gold in Imitation of the cloven Tongues a Mantle of green Cloath of Silver embroidered as the other tyed on the right and turned up on the left both lined with Orange coloured Satten their Hose Doublet and Feather were white but their Bonnets black over all a Collar of the Order being the same with the Embroidery work at which hangeth a Cross with the Figure of a Dove in the centre thereof Knights of the Gennet Some esteem this the most ancient Order in France and instituted by Charles Martiall High Steward of France Anno 726. They were sixteen in number and had a Collar of Gold made of a Triple Chain interwoven with enamelled red Roses and at the end whereof hung a Gennet of Gold black and red on a bank of Flowers all enamelled c. Knights of the Crown Royal Were erected by Charles the Great Son to King Pepin Anno 802. for honouring of those amongst the Frezons who had been valiant in the Army against the ancient Saxons and Lombards Their Ensign was an Imperial Crown which these Knights wore upon their Breast They were invested with a military Belt and a box on the Ear. Knights of the Lady of the
with a white one Potence Knights of Gereon in Germany Were instituted by Frederick Barbossa Emperour consisting only of German Gentlemen Their Habit was a white Gown and thereon a black Patriarchal Cross set on a green Hill. They follow the Rule of St. Augustin Knights of St. George in Austria These were erected by Frederick the 3d. Emperour Anno 1470. Their Habit is white on which they wear their Ensign namely St. George's Cross They profess conjugal Chastity and Obedience to the Grand Master Knights of St. Michael the Arch-Angel Were instituted Anno 1618. by Charles Gonzaga Duke of Mantua and the Year following were received at Vienna and in 1624. were confirmed by Pope Vrban the 8th Their Habit was a white Mantle over which they wore a shorter of blew Silk their Buskings were blew their Cap of black Silk and a Cross of Gold of eight Points hung in a blew Ribbon about their Necks on one side having the Picture of the Virgin-Mary and the other that of St. Michael On the left Side of the white Mantle was a Cross embroidered with blew Silk and Gold in the midst of it was the Figure of the Blessed-Virgin with her Son in her left Arm and a Sceptre in her right Crowned with 12 Stars and surrounded with the Rays of the Sun and a Cressant under her Feet all which was encircled with the Cord of St. Francis and from each end of the Cross issueth a Flame of Gold. Knights of St. Anthony in Haynault They were instituted by Albert of Bavaria Earl of Haynault Their Ensign was a Golden Collar after the fashion of an Hermit's Girdle to which hung a Walking-staff and a Bell. Knights of the Tusin Order in Bohemia Were instituted by the Arch Duke of Austria for extirpating the Hereticks out of their Territories Their Habit was red and their Ensign a green Cross Knights of St. Hubert in Gulick This Order was instituted Anno 1473. by Gerard Duke of Gulick in Honour of St. Hubert Bishop of Leige who dyed Anno 727. There is no certain account of their Habit c. Knights of St. James in Holland They were instituted in the Year 1290. by Florentius Earl of Holland who invested 12 of his principal Nobles Knights of this Order They had a Collar of Gold or military Belt of Silver and gilt adorned with 6 Escallops to which hung the Figure of St. James the Apostle The Knights of St. Brice Were erected by the famous Queen Bridget of Sweeden Anno 1366. who endowed them with a great Revenue They were confirmed by Pope Vrban the 5th who assigned them the Rule of St. Augustine and for their Ensign a blew Cross of eight points and under it a Tongue of Fire Knights of the Seraphim These were instituted by Magnus the 4th King of Sweeden Anno 1334. Their Collar was composed of patriarchal Crosses of Gold and of Seraphims enamelled red at the end whereof hung the Figure of our Saviour or of the Virgin-Mary The Knights Amaranta Were erected Anno 1645. by Christian Queen of Sweeden in Honour of a Lady of that Name celebrated for Vertue Their Ensign is a Jewel of Gold composed of two great A one reversed enriched with Diamonds within a wreath of Lawrel leaves banded with white whereon is this Motto Dolce nella memoria which they wear either hanging at a Gold Chain or at a Crimson or blew Ribbon which they please Knights of the Elephant in Denmark Christian the First King of Denmark being at Rome Pope Sixtus the 4th invested him with this Order and ordained him and his Successours chief They are obliged to perform Acts of Piety and Charity Their chief Ensign was the Figure of an Elephant on whose side within a Roundal was represented the Crown of Thorns with three bloudy Nails This is worn on high Days but usually they wear about their Necks a blew Ribbon to which hangs an Elephant enamelled white and set with five large Diamonds in the midst Knights of Christ or of the Sword in Livonia They were instituted by Albert Bishop of Livonia about 1200 they imitated the Teutonicks to whom they were joyned Anno 1237. but in the Year 1561. Gothard their great Master surrendered all their Lands Charters and Rights c. unto Sigismund the 2d King of Poland for which the said King gave him a Dukedom to him and his Heirs for ever Knights of the white Eagle in Poland They were erected by Ladislaus the 5th King of Poland Anno 1325. Their Ensign was a white Eagle crowned Knights of the Dragon in Hungary Were instituted by Signismund the Emperour Anno 1418. on Festivals they wore a a Scarlet Cloak a Mantle of green Silk with a double Chain of Gold or a green Ribbon to which hung a Dragon dead with broken Wings enamelled with variety of Colours but the Ensign which they daily wore was a green Cross flory Knights of the Sword in Cyprus Guy of Lusignan having bought the Isle of Cyprus of Richard the First King of England for an hundred thousand Crowns of Gold Anno 1195. when he first possessed it he instituted this Order consisting of 300 Barons Their Collar was of round Cordons of white Silk woven in Love-knots and interlaced with the Letters S. and R. to which hung an Oval of Gold wherein was enamelled a Sword the Blade Silver the Hilt Gold and about the Oval was this Motto Securitas Regni The King himself was great Master of the Order Knights of St. Anthony in Aethiopia Were instituted by Prester John about the Year 370. and dedicated to St. Anthony Patron of that Country They followed the Rule of St. Bassil and for their Habit they wear a black Garment Their Ensign is a blew Cross in form of a Letter T. They vow to defend the Christian Religion to yield Obedience to their Superiours they observe conjugal Chastity but do not marry without License from their Abbat The eldest Son of a Noble Man cannot be admitted but the second Son may and if a Man of any Degree have three Sons he is bound to enter one into this Order except he be a Physician The Knights of the Burgundian Cross in Tunis Were erected by Mulleasses King of Tunis Anno 1535. Their Ensign was a Burgundian Cross to which was added a Steel striking sparks of Fire out of a Flint with this Inscription Barbaria This Badg hung to a Collar of Gold. Knights of the Broom-flower in France Were erected by Lewis the 9th Their Collar was composed of Broom-flower Cods mixed with Lozenges enamelled with Flower-de-luces at which hung a Cross formy-flory with this Motto Exaltat Humiles Knights of the Ship in France They were instituted by the aforesaid Lewis the 9th Their Collar was composed of double Escallops and double Cressants interwoven with a Medal hanging to it of a Ship under Sail. Many more Orders might be added as of the Cock and Dog in France the Order of the fair Lady in the green Field the Order
Rolls 18 Lord Chief Justice of the King 's Bench. 19 Serjeant Portar 20 Serjeant of the Vestery 21 Children of the King's Chapel 22 Gentlemen of the King's Chapel 23 Prebendaries of Westminster 24 Master of the Jewel House He had Precedency of the Judges because he bore the Sword Spurs and Ring 25 Knights of the Privy Council Portcullis Pursuvant at Arms. 26 Barons 27 Bishops Rouge Croix Pursuvant at Arms. Blew mantle Pursuvant at Arms. 28 Viscounts Somerset and Chester Heralds 29 Earls Richmond and Windsor Heralds 30 Marquesses Lancaster and York Heralds Clarenceux and Norroy Provincial Kings at Arms carrying their Crowns in their hands 31 Lord High Treasurer 32 Lord high Chancellour St. Edward's Staff. The Spurs born by two Earls St. Edward's Sceptre A drawn Sword. Sword Curtana drawn A pointed Sword drawn 33 Lord Mayor of London Garter principal King at Arms. Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod. 34 Lord Great Chamberlain 35 Earl Marshal 36 Lord Marshal with the Sword of State in the Scaboard 37 Lord High Constable 38 Duke of York The Sceptre with the Dove St. Edward's Crown born by the Lord High Steward The Orb or Mound The Patena born by the Bishop of Exon. The Chalice born by the Bp. of London The KING supported by the Bishop of Bath and Wells and the Bishop of Duresme his Train born by five Lords and his Canopy by the Barons of the Cinque-Ports 39 Master of the Robes 40 One of the Chief Gentlemen of the Bed-chamber 41 Two Grooms of the Bed-chamber 32 Captain of the Guard. 33 Captain of the Pensioners CHAP. XXIV The King 's going to Parliament in State. MEssengers of the Court. Esquires to the Knights of the Bath Gentlemen Ushers Clerks of the Chancery Clerks of the Signet Clerks of the Privy Seal Clerks of the Council Clerks of the Parliament Clerks of the Crown The King's Chaplains having Dignities Masters of Chancery King 's learned Counsel at Law. King's Serjeants Attorney General Sollicitour General King's eldest Serjeant The King's Secretaries Chamberlains of the Exchequer Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber Knights of the Bath Treasurer of the Chamber Comptroller Some place next Knights Bachelours Some place next Knights Bannerets and Some place next Knights Baronets Two Heralds Barons younger Sons Viscounts younger Sons Barons of the Exchequer Justices of the Common Pleas. Justices of the King 's Bench. Lord Chief Baron Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. Master of the Rolls Lord Chief Justice of the King 's Bench. Knights of the Privy Council Principal Secretary Barons eldest Sons Earls younger Sons Viscounts eldest Sons Two Heralds Barons Bishops Marquesses younger Sons Earls eldest Sons Two Heralds Viscounts Dukes younger Sons Marquesses eldest Sons Two Heralds Earls Chamberlain of the Houshold Dukes eldest Sons Two Heralds Marquesses Two Heralds Dukes Two Kings at Arms. Lord Treasurer Archbishop of York Lord Chancellour Archbishop of Canterbury Dukes of the Royal Bloud Garter principal King at Arms. Lord Great Chamberlain Lord high Steward The KING Gentlemen Pensioners Esquires Footmen Master of the Horse with a led Horse Vice-chamberlain Guards CHAP. XXV Coronation-Feasts KIng H. Fourth's Coronation-Feast The King sate in the middle of the Table the Archbishop of Canterbury and three Prelates on his Right hand the Archbishop of York and four Prelates on the Left the K's eldest Son stood on the Right-hand with a pointless Sword the Lord Constable on the Left with a pointed Sword both erect and naked Before him stood the Dukes of Albemarl Surry and Exeter and two Earls the Earl Marshal and his Tipstaves made room in the Hall that the Attenders might with more ease serve the Tables On the right side of the Hall at Tables set were placed the Barons of the Cinque Ports and divers of the Long Robe at the Table on the left side sate the Lord Mayor Aldermen and chief Citizens After the second Course the King's Champian entered the Hall with a Herald and approaching before the King made his Challenge three times and being not answered retired but the most splendid and most exact Coronation-Feast was that of King Charles II. King Charles II. his Coronation-Feast First enters the Clerks Comptrollers then Clerks of the Green Cloath Cofferer Six Serjeants at Arms. 1 Earl Marshal 2 Lord high Steward 3 Lord high Constable all three on Horse-back and in their proper Robes Six Serjeants Comptroller of the Houshold The Sewer and his Assistents The Knights of the Bath who carried up Service two and two to a Dish assisted by the Earl Sewer Dinner being set on the Table the King came forth in his Royal Robes with the Crown on his Head his Sceptre in his hand and three Swords born before him naked being seated on his Right hand stood the three Noblemen who held the three Swords naked and erect on his Left the Lord Chamberlain who held the Sceptre at the Table 's end on the left hand sate the Duke of York in his Robes and Coronet Then the King's Champian entered the Hall on a goodly white Courser armed at all Points in rich Armour having way made for him by the Knight Marshal Before him marched 1 Two Trumpets 2 The Serjeant Trumpet 3 The Serjeant at Arms. 4 An Esquire carrying a Target with the Champian's own Arms depicted thereon 5 York Herald 6 The Champian 7 The Earl Marshal on his left hand 8 The Lord High Constable on his right both on Horseback The Herald proclaimed the Challenge at the entrance into the Hall in the middle of it and at the Steps at the higher Hall The Chalenge is That whoever should deny the King to be the true and undoubted Heir to the Crown or that he is not King of England Scotland France and Ireland doth lye and that he the Champian is ready to maintain the same throwing down his Glove as a Gage which done he retired with his Fee. The second Course was carried up by the Gentlemen Pensioners The third Course by other Servants appointed thereto In the body of the Hall below the State were placed four Tables two on each side at the first Table on the right hand next the State sate the Bishops the Barons of the Cinque-ports the Judges and the rest of the long Robe according to their Degrees at the second Table below on the right hand sate the Masters in Chancery Six Clerks and the like at the upper Table on the left hand next the State sate the Nobility c. at the other sate the Lord Mayor Aldermen and chief Citizens at a by Table the Officers at Arms the Ushers and Waiters all in their proper Places some attending the King others their Places as assigned each Table had three Courses besides the Banquet with Trumpets sounding each Course CHAP. XXVI A Royal Feast at other times the K. present 1 AT the head of the Table sits the King at the lower end the Princes of the Bloud before him or rather on each hand stand the Carver Sewer
and Cupbearer with the rest of the Gentlemen Waiters the Ushers making way for the Strangers who come to behold his Majesty 2. At the first Table on the right hand are placed the Lords Chancellour Chamberlain Steward Treasurer c. 3. At the lower Table on the right hand are set the Masters of standing Offices Master of the Houshold Clerks of the Green Cloth c. 4. At the upper Table on the left hand sit the Treasurer of the Houshold the Secretaries the King's Serjeants at Law Master of the Revels Dean of the Chapel c. 5. Below them at the other Table sits the Lieutenant of the Tower with the great Commanders Captains c. 6. At the lower end of the Hall wait the Buttler Keeper of the Pantry Clerks of the Kitchen c. with all thing ready and the King's Guards there are three Courses at each of which the Trumpets sound CHAP. XXVII Of Funerals AS Nobles and Gentlemen have in their Life time Honours shewed them as their due so after Death they have peculiar marks of Honour belonging to them which are not to be given to those of low or ordinary Rank And therefore especial care is to be taken that no indignity be offered to a Mourner and that the Herald marshal them according to their Titles and Worth at the Funerals of any Nobleman And where there is an Officer at Arms employed he ought to wear the King's Coat that so the Defunct may be known to have dyed Honourable in the King's Allegiance His Heir who is chief Mourner is in the Presence of all the other Mourners to receive the Coat-Armour Helm and Crest belonging to the Defunct whereof the King at Arms for that Province is to make Record with the Defunct's Match Issue and Decease If the Defunct be of the Order of the Garter and no more he is to bear his Garter instead of Compartments But if he be also a Nobleman he must bear his proper Ensigns as all Noblemen do besides that is Supporters Coronet Sword Target Gantlet Helmet Crest and Spurs All Persons have a certain length for their Banners which the Heralds are to instruct them in and the higher Degree the Person is the longer may his Banner be as an Earl's Banner may be two yards long c. and also according to their Degrees are they to pay certain Fees which are appointed by the Earl Marshal in his Orders which are as followeth All Noblemen Baronets Knights Esquires and Gentlemen of eminent Place Birth and Quality that shall be either silently buried in the Night or by Day without attendence of an Officer at Arms shall nevertheless immediately after the Death and Burial of such Defunct return a true Certificate of the Matches Issues and times of their Decease with their Arms unto the Heralds Office or to their Deputy or Messenger for which they are to pay unto such Office or Officer at Arms the Fees under-writ  l. s. d. For a Gentleman using his Escoucheons 03 6 8 Using none 02 0 0 An Esquire of Coat-Armour 06 13 4 A Knight 10 0 0 A Banneret and Baronet 13 6 8 A Baron or Baroness that ought to have Banner and Bannerols 20 0 0 A Bishop 25 0 0 A Viscount and Viscountess 30 0 0 An Earl or Countess 35 0 0 A Marquess or Marchioness 40 0 0 A Duke Dutchess and Archbishop 45 0 0 All which Summs are to be paid to the Officers at Arms unless it appeareth that the Defunct was not worth a thousand Pound and in such case to be entered without Fees. CHAP. XXVIII The Proceeding of the Funeral of a Gentleman Esquire Knight or Baronet POor Children as of the Hospital c. Two Conductors The poor Men in Gowns Gentlemens Servants in Cloaks Gentlemen in Cloaks Gentlemen in Gowns Aldermen in Black if in a Corporation The Preacher A Penion of his Arms. The Helm and Crest The Coat of Arms. The Hearse The Chief Mourner Two Assistents Aldermen not in Black. The Master of his Company if he be free of any in London c. Master of the Hospital Gentlemen not in Black. Lastly Neighbours and others CHAP. XXIX The Precedency of a Noblemans Funeral from a Duke to a Baronet TWo Conductors with black Staves Servants in Cloaks two and two The great Banner according to the Degree of the Defunct which is born by Gentlemen appointed by the Herald Gentlemen in Cloaks two and two Two Banners born by Persons appointed by the Herald Gentlemen two and two in Cloaks The Steward Comptroller and the other Chief Officers Heralds Ministers His Sword and Spurs Helmet and Crest Gantlet and Supporters all born by a Person appointed by the Heralds Gentlemen bare headed with his Sheild The Chariot with four Banners c. born about it by Gentlemen of the Kindred Foot-men bare headed Chief Mourners supported Mourners next of Kindred two and two The Neighbours c. Thus have I run through the several Degrees of Noble or Ignoble Persons according to the best account I can find and have given you the choicest Precedents of Precedency that I can procure I shall only add a few Observations in Heraldry which may serve to give some little light to the Reader in that delightfull though by some contemned Art. CHAP. XXX Of Heralds and their Duty THe Word Herald is derived from the Saxon Word Here-haulte and by abbreviation Herault or Herald which signifies the Champian of an Army and growing to be a Name of Office it was given to him that in an Army had the charge of Challenging to Battel or Combat Their Office is very ancient and of great esteem amongst the Romans and other Nations and amongst us they have been esteemed as Ambassadours and sometimes have been made so However they are the Messengers of Kings and great Monarchs and though they have less esteem now than in former times yet their Employment hath been honoured with Messages between Potentates in matters of Honour and Arms They are to be Officious and Expert in Coronations Instalments of Noblemen in Triumphs Justs Combats Marriages Christenings and Interments They are to attend all great Matters of State and Honour and by them ought Proclamations to be made concerning great Matters of State The Causes of Chivalry and Gentility are referred to their Care as the right of bearing Arms Escoucheons Shields Targets Banners c. Correcting of Arms in Visitations and to observe the Descents and Pedegrees of Noblemen and Gentlemen They are the Prothonotaries and Registerers of all the Acts and Proceedings in the Court of the High Constable and Lord Marshal They have been long established in England but as some think not incorporated untill Richard the 3d. who incorporated them by Charter and placed them at Coleharbour in Thames-street London from whence they were removed to the place they now enjoy which was confirmed to them by Philip and Mary and incorporated by the Names of Garter King at Arms of all England Clarenceaux King at
Arms for the south parts and Norroy King at Arms for the north parts and to the other Heralds and Pursuvants for ever And that they should have and use a common Seal to sue and to be sued by before this King Edward the 6th had granted them large Previleges of which see at large in Carter p. 225. Formerly the Title of Clarenceaux was South Roy or Surrey as some say but the Dukedom of Clarence coming by Heirship to the King at Arms for the south of England he assumed the Title of Clarenceaux from Clarence and left that of Surrey and ever since that King at Arms hath been styled Clarenceaux But more particularly there are three Kings at Arms that is 1. Garter Principal General and Indefinite 2. Clarenceaux King at Arms for the North of England on this side the River Trent 3. Norroy King at Arms for the North of England that is of all beyond the River Trent The Heralds which are sometimes styled Dukes at Arms are six that is first York second Somer set third Windsor fourth Lancaster fifth Richmond sixth Chester The Pursuvants are four that is first Portcullis the second is Blew Mantle third Rouge Dragon the fourth Rouge Croix to which are added two more who have no certain Names These Heralds and Pursuvants have power to enter into all Churches Castles Houses c. to view all Arms Recognizances and Crests to make Visitations and to Register the Pedegrees and Matches of Nobles and Gentlemen to punish with Disgrace or Mulct such as shall usurp other mens Atchievements or fancy new ones to themselves against the Law of Arms to reverse or deface them and proclaim the pretender infamous at the Assizes or Sessions Also such as shall use Mourning as Gowns Hoods c. contrary to the Law to limit all Painters and other Artificers in the setting forth of Arms with many more things too tedious to set down And that he may the better know how to give a proper Device or Coat-Armour he is to enquire First Whether he that would bear them desire them and honour Gentility and will keep them from Dishonour Secondly Whether he be able to declare his Pedegree Thirdly He must enquire into his Pedegree and see whether he may by Right bear Coat-Armour whether his Ancestors were Gentlemen and to give the same with due Augmentation Fourthly Whether he be clean of Life Just in Promise cunning in all or any of the liberal Sciences or hath knowledge in Divinity or Philosophy Fifthly Of whom he hath Praise of good Works done whether they were Persons of Reputation for Wisdom or Honesty Sixthly To whom he hath done good Service whether to the King the Prince c. and what the Service was whether in War or as an Ambassadour or the like The Herald is likewise to be very expert in the betroathing of Princes he is not to disclose the secrets of Ladies nor any other not proper to be known appertaining to their own Art he is to be carefull in giving Advice and to acquaint the Bearer of Coat-Armour that the end thereof is to adorn his Family and to make him shew more excellent than others and therefore not to doe any dishonourable Actions He must be also able to distinguish their Lines and Issues the better to doe right to the Person When a King of Heralds is to be made he is brought unto the King or Lord Marshal led between two Heralds or a King and a Herald in their Coats the other Heralds and Pursuvants going before in their Formalities who carry the several Instruments to be used at the Ceremony one the Coat another the Crown a third the Patent a fourth the Bowl of Water a fifth a Book and a Sword a sixth a Book whereon he sweareth c. all making their several Obeisance then he kneels down with those that led him and one holding the Sword and Book whereon he sweareth the other pronounceth the Words then his Patent is read and at the Words Creamus investimus his Coat is put on and at the Words Non violante Nomine c. the Water is poured on his Head when his Patent is read the Ceremony is ended c. CHAP. XXXI Of Heraldry THis is a Field too large to be traced through in so small a Volum as this and therefore I cannot pretend to shew the Art of Blazon but only as well as I can with such Brevity give you the general Terms of Art and Names of those things which are particularly nominated in this Honourable Science Briefly therefore Armory is an Art whereby we attain to the Knowledg of the use of Coat-Armour which consisteth of two general Heads first Blazoning secondly Marshaling First Blazoning is the explication of Coat-Armour in such significant Terms that the Vertues of the first Bearers may be known and this is done by expressing what the Colours Shapes Kinds and Postures of those things are which are born in Coat-Armour with their Position by which the true signification may be known Secondly Marshalling is the orderly placings of several Coats belonging originally to divers Families within one Efcoucheon and the well disposing of those Ornaments which belong to them in their proper Places without the Estouchen Of these in General More particular Arms are divided into things within the Escoucheon and things without the Escoucheon those things without the Escoucheon are the Mantling Supporters where due Torce Helm Crest Motto c. But not to enlarge on these things we shall chiefly speak of those things within the Escoucheon First The Escoucheon must be spread over with some Metal Colour or Furr which do admit of several Denominations according to the quality of the Person to whom the Coat doth belong if a King or absolute Prince his Coat is blazoned or express'd by Planets a Nobleman's by precious Stones and those of lower Ranks by Colours which take as under written Metals and Colours in Blazon for Gent. under the Nobibility called By Precious Stones for Nobles called By Planets for Kings c. called 1 Gold or Yellow Or O. Topaz ☉ Sol. 2 Silver or white Argent A. Pearl ☽ Luna 3 Red Gules G. Ruby ♂ Mars 4 Light blew Azure B. Sapphir ♃ Jupiter 5 Black Sable S. Diamond ♄ Saturn 6 Green Vert V. Emrauld ♀ Venus 7 Purple Purpure P. Amethyst ☿ Mercury 8 Orange colour Tenne T. Jacinth ☊ Dragons head 9 Murry Sanguin Sardonyx ☋ Dragons tail The Meaning is only this if the Coat be a King 's or Prince's you must say he beareth Sol not Tapaz nor Or if a Nobleman's say Topaz or Pearl and not Sol nor Or if a Gentleman's say Or or Argent only c. The two last Colours are counted stainant yet are born sometimes by good Families All these have their proper significations both singly by themselves and also as they are compounded by themselves they signifie as follows Or signifies Wisdom Magnanimity Delight and Riches Argent Innocency Chastity and Charity
to be sold at 18 d. the Quart. Tho. Shafto executed at Wapping-dock being condemned by the Admiralty Jan. The Marquess of Bedmar Envoy from the King of Spain had Audience A Proclamation against Pyrats in America Duke of Berwick made Governour of Portsmouth F. A Proclamation against seditious Books Mar. Two Proclamations to forbid the English entring into foreign Service The Commissioners sate at Chelmsford to enquire after money levyed on Dissenters The Duke of Grafton arrived in the Downs Exeter new Charter brought down by the Mayor 1688. Apr. A Proclamation against exporting of Wool c. May An Order of Council signed by the Clerk of the Council for ordering the King's Declaration of Tolleration to be read in Churches on the 20th and 27th Instant being Sundays The King went to Chatham Chester Mail robbed night Coventry Captain Froud arrived at Plymouth from the West-Indies The Seir de Lente Envoy from the King of Denmark had his Audience of Congé Jun. The Archbishop of Canterbury and six Bishops more committed to the Tower for Petitioning the King not to reade the Declaration of Toleration in Churches Sir Roger Strickland with 20 Sail of Men of War in the Downs The Archbishop of Canterbury Bishops of St. Asaph Ely Chichester Bath and Wells Peterborough and Bristoll were brought to the King's-Bench Bar from the Tower where they were sent the 8th and arraigned tryed and acquitted the 29th of May Instant Prince and Princess of Denmark came from the Bath Appointed a Day of Thanksgiving for the Birth of the Prince of Wales that was said to be born on Thinity Sunday about 10 of the Clock in the morning Naples almost ruined by an Earthquake Seignior Garstorf Envoy from the King of Denmark had Audience Marquess Cattaneo Envoy from the Duke of Modena had Audience Seignior Zeuglestm Envoy from the Prince of Orange had Audience A Call of Sergeants viz. W. Leffant John Rotheram V. Denn Sol. Lovell Sir H. Chancy W. Moses H. Trinder H. Fuller and W. Tomson Tho. Jifford Mayor of Exeter Knighted The Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen went to kiss the hand of the young Prince of Wales the Recorder did present the Marchioness of Powis his Governerness with a Purse of Gold. July Thomas Elmes Esq Knighted Fire-works on the Thames for the Birth of the Prince of Wales James Duke of Ormond dyed in the 79th year of his Age at Kingston-Hall in Dorsetshire The King and Queen went to Windsor and went the third of August to Richmond and on the ninth to Whitehall Aug. The new Charter was brought to Newcastle upon Tyne Samuel Gerrard Esq Knighted The Mayor of Scarbrough tossed in a Blanket by a Captain that quartered in the Town Judge Allybone dyed Sep. Sir Robert Vyner dyed Sir John Shorter Lord mayor of London dyed and was buried the 12th at St. Saviour's in Southwark Belgrade taken by Storm by the German Forces Sir John Eyles sworn Lord Mayor of London Countess-Dowager of Feversham dyed at Tunbridge Lieutenant Coll. Beaumont Captain Paston and four Captains of the D. of Berwick's Regiment were at a Council of War at Windsor cashier'd for not admitting of Irishmen into their Companies Tho. Lane of St. Lawrence Lane Knighted Prince and Princess of Denmark came from Tunbridge Coll. Bevile Skelton Esq sent to the Tower. The King came from Windsor to Whitehall He went to Chatham The Queen and Prince of Wales came from Windsor to Whitehall The King's Declaration about the Parliament Sir Tho. Fitch that made Fleet-Ditch was buried at Eltham Came out the French King 's Memorials against the Pope and against the Emperour The King's Proclamation came out against the Dutch and the same day came out the King 's general Pardon The Bishop of London was restored Octob. The Charter of London restored by the Lord Chancellour and Sir W. Pritchard desired to take the Chair but he refused it The same day the general Pardon came out again with Alterations Sir J. Chapman sworn Lord Mayor of Lond. The Prince of Wales named at St. James's Chapel James-Francis-Edward A Proclamation and an Order of Council came out for restoring of Charters Liberties Rights and Franchises to all Corporations The Earl of Derby made Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire and Lancashire The Prince of Orange set sail with 50 Capital Men of War 26 smaller 25 fire Ships 300 fly Boats Pinks c. for England but by a Storm that Night was driven back again The Birth of the Prince of Wales was examined before the Privy Council The Earl of Sunderland put out of the Council and Secretary of State. The Lord Viscount Preston made Secretary c. in his room Nov. The Prince of Orange set sail with the Fleet that he had put out on the 19th of Octob. with about 100 small Ships more than was then so here was 500. A Proclamation against the Prince of Orange's Manifesto The Dutch Fleet sailed by Dover and lost a small Vessel of about 100 men The Prince of Orange landed at Torbay nigh Dartmouth in Devon with the Dutch Army about 15000 men The Lord Lovelace and thirteen of his party were taken at Cyrencester as they were going to the Prince of Orange Dr. Lamplugh Bishop of Exeter having left Exeter on the Prince of Orange's coming came up to London and K. James made him Archbishop of York Eighteen Lords Spiritual and Temporal petition K. James for a Parliament The King went to Windsor in order to his Journey to Sarum K. James came from Sarum to Whitchall Coll. Bevile Skelton made Lieutenant of the Tower. An Order by K. James for a Parliament to sit Jan. 15. The French King's Ordinance for a War with the Dutch came out Dec. Dyed at St. James's the Countess Dowager of Ossory A false Allarm of an Irish Massacre in and about London which Allarm spread over all England The Rabble up in several places for several days pulling down Mass houses and Papist's houses among others great mischief done to the Spanish Ambassadour's It ceased Decemb 12. The Lord Chancellour Jeffreys taken in Wapping and sent Prisoner to the Tower of London The Lords publish an Order to keep London and Middlesex quiet The Lords and Citizens waited on the Prince of Orange at Henley with an Address K. James stopped in a Smack nigh Feversham in Kent with him the Earl of Peterborough Sir Ed. Hales c. Four Coaches were sent for him and on the 16th he came to Whitehall on the 18th he left Whitehall and went to Sir Richard Head's nigh Rochester on the 23d he withdrew for France The Prince of Orange came to Windsor The Duke of Grafton assaulted in the Strand at the head of his Regiment The person shot dead that assaulted him The Lords publish an Order for the quieting of the Irish The Prince of Orange came to St. James's and his Forces to London The Prince of Orange visited the Queen Dowager at Sommerset-house and this day the Prince and Princess of Denmark came to