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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	king_n	lord_n	scot_n	6,936	5	9.4593	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A70196	A brief chronicle of all the chief actions so fatally falling out in these three kingdoms, viz. England, Scotland & Ireland from the year, 1640, to this present twentieth of November, 1661 : containing the unhappy breaches, sad divisions, the great battels fought, number of men, with the eminent persons of honor and note slain, with several debates and treaties : also, the happy escape by a wonderful delivererance of His Majestie at Worcester, more fully expressed then hitherto : with His Majesties happy return, together with what passages of note hapned to this present November, 1661 : the like exact account hath not as yet been printed.	Heath, James, 1629-1664.; Lee, William, fl. 1627-1665.	1662 (1662)	Wing H1318A; ESTC R19419	54,711	72

Landsdown neer Bath Iuly the fifth The Cavaliers were less in number but supplyed that with valour the fight began about three in the afternoon and was maintained till neer the same time next morning Here my Lord Hoptons powder was blown up by which he was hurt himself and was compelled for want of it to quit the field and shelter his Army in the Devices of his side were lost in this fight about a thousand The persons of quality slain were Sir Bevil Greenvile Mr. Leak my Lord Denicourts son Mr. Barker Mr. Lower and other Gentlemen The loss of private souldiers was as great on Sir Williams side but no persons of extraordinary note Upon my Lord Hoptons taking into the Devices Sir William Waller presently pursued him and cooped him up whereupon a Messenger was dispatcht to the King to inform him of the desperate condition my Lord was in if not timely relieved Prince Maurice the Earl of Carn●van and my Lord Wilmo● were sent presently with a party of fifteen hundred horse who made such expedition that on the thirteenth of Iuly by break of day they presented themselves alike to besiegers and the besieged to whom they gave a signal of their relief upon a rising ground and presently in an entire body charged Sir Williams Army being received by Sir Arthur Hazelrigs Curaziers at first but they being broken the Fortune of the day soon fell to the Royallists The Parliaments Foot after a little execution done upon them the besieged also being ready to fall upon them laid down their Arms and submitted Sir William Waller and Sir Arthur with much difficulty and greater speed escaped and came throughout to London with the bad news Here were slain neer a thousand men four thousand taken four brass Guns twenty eight Colours of Foot and nine Cornets This loss soon reduced Bristol into the Kings hands being delivered by Colonel Fiennes after three dayes siege for which surrender he had like to have lost his head These successes drew the King into the West where Dorchester Portland Weymouth and Melcomb submitted themselves The like in the North Beverley taken by the Earl of Newcastle Bedford Appleford and Barnstable surrendred and after a little dispute before Exeter and some Granadoes thrown in and firing part of the Suburbs the great Sconce being taken in storm that City was delivered to Prince Maurice and Sir Iohn Berkley made Governour It was therefore concluded to set upon Glocester being the only considerable place that held out for the Parliament in the West and lay very inconvenient hindring the intercourse betwixt Wales and the Kings Countryes the King therefore the tenth of August came himself from Oxford in person before it with a Royal Army while it was hardly imaginable where the Parliament could raise another Army and that done to march for London which proved a fatal mistake to the King for if he had gone directly for London there was no opposition in readiness against him not any place to stay him The King therefore summons Glocester to which the Governor and Mayor return a negative answer so the Guns were set on work many attempts on both sides till the besieged had little or no ammunition left them when on the eighth of September Essex having made up an Army with the Trained-Bands of London and new raised men in the respective Militia's and associated Counties then entirely at the Parliaments devotion came to the releif of it having been encountred at Stow in the Would by several parties of Horse under Prince Rupert but he could not be stopt from advancing Being come within five miles of Glocester upon the brim of a steep hill he discharged two pieces of Canon as a signal of their releif which was answered by the Town whereupon the King drew off from before the siege and marched hastily away intending to intercept Essex from returning his men being almost wearied and tired out with their hard march and weather But Essex having releived the Town with all manner of provision directed his march back again and falling into Cirencester from whence the King dislodged the day before and had lest some baggage behinde him took 400 prisoners and the next day matched toward Newbery and by the way was attaqued in Auborn Chase by several Squadrons of the Kings Horse here was killed that French Marquess Mous De la Vejuville having behaved himself valiantly The next day the King possest himself of Newberry the place Essex aimed at so that both Armies met h●re and began the fight early in the morning abundance of resolution and valour was manifested on both sides but especially the Trained Bands of London performed far beyond releif Prince Rupert was repelled and beaten back to the right wing of the Kings Army but returned again to the charge with greater fury This Battel like Edge-hill was dubious as to the success but something more bloody The Kings General here was the Lord Ruthen made lately Earl of Brentford On the Kings side were slain near 2500 men among whom were the Earl of Carnarven who had done the King special service the Earl of Sunderland and the learned Lord Faulkland very near the Kings person with Col. Constable Of the Parliaments side not any of note slain save Col. Tucker and some few Officers the number of their slain being near 3500 men After the fight was over in the field a party of Horse under the command of Col. Hurrie followed the Parliament Army in the Lanes toward Reading and put them into some disorder but the body facing about they were repelled back again with loss And so the Parliamentarians to Reading the Trained Bands to London whether soon followed the General and the King returned to Oxford This moneth the King pressed by his Protestant Subjects of Ireland who were not able to subsist longer under the war conclude a Cessation with the Irish Rebels and in November following received a Supply of 3000 men of his Protestant Army which landed in Wales under the command of Sir Michael Ernely the renowned Col. Monk now Duke of Albemarle and others which being by Prince Ruperts order divided into other Regiments were made unserviceable pat of them with the said Colonel being being surprised at Nantwich by Sir Thomas Fairfax Mr. Pym a great stickler of the Faction and the onely Grandee of the times died Hawarden Arundel and Beeston Castles rendred to the King Graston House taken by the Parliament and Arundel in the next Mon●th taken again by Sir William Waller Now according to stipulation and Compact the Scots enter England with an Army of 2000 in maintenance and purstiance of the end of the Covenant against this invasion the King protested as a Rebellion and sent the Marquess Hamilton prisoner to Pendennis as having deceived the trust the King put in him he all along suggesting that the Scots would never attempt such a thing and yet maintaining correspondencies with

where he made miserable havock intending utterly to break the spirits of that people who were so surely ingaged to Argyles side Here the Earl of Seaforth followed him with an Army and the Marquess of Aogyle had another of the other side Montross therefore resolved to fight with one first and so tell upon that party under Argyle which he totally ●outed killing 1500 on the place the rest escaped and so the Marquess of Montross bent his way after the other Army which he defeated at Br●●hin being newly put under the command of Colonel Hurry afterwards offers battel to Bayly who had another Army ready to fight him but he waited for advantages whereupon he marches after Hurry who had re●●uited and was pressing the Lord Gourdon having taken Dun ice in his way and at Alderne discomfits him killing ●300 and dispersing the rest He seeks out Baily to whom was joyned the Earl of Lindsey and at Ale●fo●d hills forced them to fight utterly routed them and obtained a remarkable victory but that which lessened the triumph was the death of the Lord Gourdon one that was as the right hand of Montross a very Loyal Right Noble Gentleman being eldest son to the Marquess of Huntl●y After this he comes to S. Iohnstons where he alar●m'd the Parliament there sitting and so into the Lowlands where the Kirk had another Army in readiness under the command of the aforesaid Baily At a place called Kilsith both Armies met and a cruel battel it was but in conclusion success and victory crowned Montrosses head and almost 6000 men were slain in this fight the p●rsuit being eagerly followed for a great way and the Covenanters at first fighting very resolutely but the fortune of Montross still prevailed The Nobility now every where readily assisting him and the Towns and Cities declaring for him so that that Kingdome which afforded men and assistance for the invasion of another Kingdome was not now able to defend it self The Governour so was Montross dignified be●ng seized of all places almost of strength even as far as Edinburgh where some Royal prisoners were delivered him The Estates of Scotland therefore send for Dav●d Leshley while Montross expected forces from the King under the Lord Dighy which staid too long and were afterwards defeated at Sherburn in Yorkshire Upon the arrival of Leshley most of the forces under Montross not dreading an Enemy so soon out of England were departed home so that Leshley finding Montross in a very weak condition at Philips-Haugh fell upon him before he could retreat almost before his Scours could give him intelligence and there routs him He at first resolved to lose his life with the field but being perswaded of better hopes he resolutely charged through and brought the flying remains of his Army safe into the Highlands where he began new Levies but the fortune of the King failing every where he was the next year ordered by the King then in the Scots custody to disband and depart the Kingdom And so we leave him till a more unhappy revolution of time The memory of this man had almost caused an Oblivion of some things done he●e during his great successes for Sir Iohn Hotham and his Son for intending the delivery of Hull which they had so unhandsomely before denied to the King were beheaded as also Sir Alexander Car●w and at last the Right Reverend Arch-Bishop of Canterbury for many pretended crimes of innovation and disaffection in matters of Religion was executed the tenth of Ianuary These mens deaths happened in December and Ianuary 1644. and are therefore here inserted To begin therefore the year 1645. Dennington Castle was the very 25th of March delivered to the Parliament which was counterpoised with a defeat given Col. Massey by Prince Rupert at Lidbury being surprized there and his foot routed his house consisting most of Officers with himself hardly escaped to Glocester At the same time the Army being new modelled Lievtenant General Cromwell was sent by Fairfax to hinder a conjunction of forces at Oxford from Worc●ster which he did defeating the Queens Regiment and afterwards took Blechington House by surrender for which Col. Windbank was shot to death at Oxford Notwithstanding which interruption the King matched from Oxford intending Northward to recover what he had lost there with a very compleat Army and coming to Leicester then garrison'd by Sir Robert Pye for the Parliament after s●mmons refused stormed it and took it the Souldiers for a while plundring the Town which had been the residence of a Parliament Committee from the beginning In the mean while General Fairfax was advanced from London with his new modelled Army and by Order of the Committee of both Kingdomes had besieged Oxford where he had received a notable salley but upon news of the Kings success at Leicester presently raised his siege resolving to fight the King as soon as he could overtake him The King was now in a dispute whether he should march upon his first intendments Northward or staying for some forces out of the West under Colonel Goring march for London When he had notice of Fairfaxes advance after him whom he thought to be taken up at Oxford whereupon by the ill late of things the King was advised not to delay time but even at midnight to dislodge from his quarters whether Fairfax was neerly come and the next morning to seek him out and to give him battel This happened to be at Naseby field on Saturday Iune the 14. where at the first encounter the Kings Army had the best on 't his right wing of horse discomfiting and overthrowing the left wing of the Parliaments under Skippon taking Ireton the Commissary General prisoner but the left wing consisting of Northern horse under Sir Marmaduke Langdale who were clearly for the Kings going Northward● to their own Country to relieve Pomfret Castle made no defence at all The King was very couragious and active in this field but the same over-eagerness of Prince Rupert half lost the day the foot being destitute after some slaughter threw down their A●ms and were taken prisoners to the number of four or five thousand the Kings Coach and in it his Cabinet afterwards most disloyally and dishonestly published to the world with other Letters and papers all his Artillery Arms Ammunition bag and baggage taken himself hardly escaping to Leicester that night and from thence to Ashby de la Zouch After this battel the Kings Cause and Arms visibly declined every where Leicester regained by the Parliament upon surrender while the King made hast towards Wales to the relief of Chester and there to form a new Army but Poyntz Middleton and Brereton rising from their siege met him at Rowton Heath where in the beginning as usual the King had the better but the Parliament being supplyed with fresh forces the King was vanquished there also and the right valiant Lord Bernard Stuart Earl of

you in a way First you are out of the way for certainly all the wayes you ever had yet as far as I could find by any thing is in the way of Conquests Certainly this is an ill way for Conquest in my Opinion is never just except there he a just and good cause either for matter of wrong or a just title and then if ye go beyond the first quarrel that ye have that makes it unjust at the end that was just at first for if there be only matter of Conquest then it is a great robbery as a Pyrate said to Alexander That he was the great Robber himself himself was but a petty Robber And so Sirs I do think for the way that you are in you are much out of the way Now Sirs to put you in the way believe it you will never go right nor God will never prosper you until you give God his due the King his due that is my Successor and the people their due I am as much for them as any of you You must give God his due by regulating rightly his Church according to the Scripture which is now out of order and to set you in a way particularly now I cannot but only this A National Synod freely called freely debating among themselves must settle this When every Opinion is freely and clearly heard For the King indeed I will not the Laws of the Land will clearly instruct you for that therefore because it concerns mine own particular I only give you a touch of it For the People truly I desire their liberty and freedome as much as any body whomsoever But I must tell you that their liberty and their freedome consist in having Government under those Laws by which their lives and theirs may be most their own it is not in having a share in the Government that is nothing pertaining to them A Subject and a Soveraign are clean different things and therefore until you do that I mean that you put the people into that liberty as I say certainly they will never enjoy themselves Sirs it was for this that now I am hither come for if I would have given way to an arbitrary way for to have all Laws changed according to the power of the Sword I need not have come here and therefore I tell you and I pray God it be not laid to your charge that I am the Martyr of the people Introath Sirs I shall not hold you any longer I will only say this to you that I could have desired some little time longer because I would have put this what I have said in a little better order and have had it a little better digested then I have done and therefore I hope you will excuse me I have delivered my Conscience I pray God you take those courses that are best for the good of the Kingdome and your own Salvation After some Ejaculations he laid down his Head upon the Block and stretched out his hands The S●gn 〈◊〉 had it severed from his body at one blow by the Vizarded Executioner who presently held it up and shewed it to the people His Head and Trunk were afterwards coffined in Lead and exposed to publick view at S. Iames's till lastly the Duke of Len●● the Marquess of Hartford the Earl of Southampton and the Bishop of London begged the Body to bury it which they conducted to Windsor Chappel-Royal and there interred it with only this Insc●●ption upon the Co●●● CHARLES KING OF ENGLAND MDC.XLVIII After this most 〈◊〉 murder they declared themselves to be a Free State setting out a Proclamation wherein they declare th●t no person hath Right to the Crown o● England abolishing thereby the ●ingly ●overnment and debarring of our Rightful Soveraign ●om any claim c. declaring him also a Traytor with the rest of the Royal Issue for refusing the publication of which the Lord Mayor Reynoldson was outed imprisoned and fined 2000 l. In March they proceed with their High Court of Justice newly modelled and a new President to the Tryal of these Noble persons they had in custody about the last years risings whereof Duke Hamilton Earl of Holland Earl of Norwich the Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen were condemned to be beheaded the Duke and Holland and Capel were accordingly executed in the Palace-yard the other two with much ado were pardoned P●nt●fract Castle was now rendred to the Parliament by Colonel Morris being the last Garrison for the King in England Now they had leisure to look towards Ireland whether Lievtenant General Cromwell was sent with an Army of 10000 men which landed about this time at Dublin where a little before Colonel Iones the Governour having received a supply of 1000 men had sallied out and beaten my Lord of Ormond from off the siege where he lay with 20000 and upwards through the carelesness and treachery of the Guards Here were slain to the number of three thousand and five thousand taken prisoners this proved the loss of all Ireland which was then entirely for the King save this City and London-Derry Anno Domoni 1649. Cromwell upon his arrival sets presently forward towards Tredah whereinto the Lord Lievtenant Ormond had put a Garrison of choice English and some Irish to this Town he gave three assaults and was valiantly repulsed but in conclusion of the third the Town was entred and man woman and children put to the sword for three daies in cold bloud with the Governour himself Sir Arthur Aston a well experienced and valiant Captain Anno Dom. 1649. and 1650. VPon this success Trim and Dundalk yielded themselves to him the Marquess of Ormond hovering neer him with his Army but yet not daring to attempt any thing Wexford was the next Town he attaqued which by storm he took also putting all in arms to the sword thence to Passage Fort and so to Waterford from whence he considering the Winter approaching drew off to quarters having already possession of most of the Towns of Ireland Limrick Galloway Clonmell and Kilkenny excepted which soon after were reduced by him and his Successor Ireton and that Kingdome was wholly brought in subjection to the Parliament The next thing that busied the new Commonwealth was the affairs of Scotland who had long before proclaimed the King and were now treating with him therefore they recalled home Lievtenant General Cromwell whom upon Fairfaxes refusal of going against the Scots they now advanced to be General He came Iune the last to London having landed at Bristol and was highly treated by the Parliament Dorislaus that drew up the charge against the King was killed at the Hague in May last and Ascham that was sent on the same errand to the King of Spain was killed also by some English men in his Inne at Supper this did mightily inrage the new Commonwealth that their Min●sters could no where be protected According to the conclusion of the Treaty between the King and his Subjects

kind of extasie On the 25th the King landed from Holland being attended by a gallant Fleet commanded by the Earl of Sandwich at 〈◊〉 where the Genral met him the Sea and Heaven and Earth ●ung with the peals of Ordinance and so to Canterbury to Rochester and on the 29 day being Tuesday his most auspicious Birth-day triumphantly and peaceably entred his Royal City of London where the acclamations and shoutings were so loud and hearty that it is impossible to eccho or express them to the great pleasure and yet disturbance of the King who about six in the evening came to his Palace at Whitehal where in the Banquetting House both Houses attended him All the way the way through the City the General rode bareheaded next before his Majestie his two Brothers York and ●●oncester riding of each side covered After a short congratulation the King being weary went to his Bed-chamber where he supped and so to his rest having come 27 miles that day besides his going through London and within two days after his Royal Brethren having taken their places in the House of Lords came to the Parliament where he made a Speech earnestly pressing the Act of Free pardon and indempnity which he had promised in his Declaration from Dreda The next thing he did was the emitting a Proclamation requiring all those who had a hand in the execrable murther of his Father to render themselves within such a time which some obeyed the rest fled those that came in were by the Act of Pardon which came out soon after with some other respited till another Parliament should determine of them either to life or death This was in favour for their ●endring themselves On the day of August dyed the most noble and accomplisht Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester of the Small Fox at Whitehal to the very great sorrow of the whole Kingdom being a Prince of singular vertues and endowments In October 1661. they with the rest that were apprehended for the said 〈◊〉 were severally arraigned at the Sessions House in the Old-Bailey before Sir Orlando 〈◊〉 where after Tryal they were all found guilty and convicted of High-Treason for compassing contriving and bringing about the death of the King for which 26 of them 〈◊〉 sentence to be drawn hanged and quartered sixteen of them who rendred themselves according to the aforesaid Proclamation were respited till the Parliament should by an Act determine of them but the other ten viz. Mojor General Harrison Iohn Carew Iohn Cook the Sollicitor to the pretended Cour● o● Justice Hugh Peter 〈◊〉 Thomas Scot Gregory Clement Iohn Iones Adrian Scroop Francis Ha●ker and Daniel Ax●el were executed according to the sentence eight of them at Charing ●ross and the two last at Tybur● their Heads set upon Westminster-Hall and London-Bridge and their quarter upon the Gate● of London In December the King dissolved the Parliament which he honored with the Epithere of The Healing Parliament and on the 24 of December dyed also that most illustrious Princess of 〈◊〉 His Majesties Sister of the same disease which snatch away her Brother the Duke o● Gloucester to the extreme grief of the King ●he Queen Mother and the whole Court The Queen Mother had come over some while before with her Daughter the Lady 〈◊〉 and now prepared for her depath●ed feating the disease might run in the blood the young Princess being not very well and accordingly the King in company with them to bring them to the water side came to Portsmouth in the Christmast time and thence the Ladies took shipping for 〈◊〉 While the King was but this short while absent hapned that despera●e Rebellion and Insurrection in the City of London by the Fifth Monarchists at two sundry times on the ninth of Ianuary at night being Sunday where they alarmed the City marched through the gates threatning to take down their Masters those Regi●ide quarters killing some four men and so●sc●lked till Wednesday morning next● at which time they 〈◊〉 again and resolutely fought with the Trained Bands and a Squadron of the Life guard of Horse in Woods●●●t 〈…〉 their ground till they were surrounded and 〈◊〉 they began to retreat but still in order There were killed 〈◊〉 some eighteen and they killed as many Venner● a Wine Cooper who was their Leader was taken and twenty more 〈◊〉 of which were executed with him at seueral places in London being convicted of High-Treason for levying war against the King On Ianuary 30. 1660. the bodies of Oliver Cromwel 〈…〉 and Hinry Ireton were removed from their Interments in Westminster Abbey and hanged at Tyburn and there buried their heads set upon Westminster-Hall In Michaelmas Term this year there was a call of fourteen Sergeants at Law and the Courts at Westminster were filed with Judges the names of which most Grave and Honorable Persons are as followeth Sir Robert Foster Lord chief Justice of England Sir Thomas Mullet Sir Thomas Tw●sden Sir Wadham Windham of the Kings Bench Sir Orlando Bridgeman Lord chief Justice Sir Robert Hyde Sir Samuel Brown Sir Thomas Tyr●yl in the Common Pleas Sir Matthew 〈◊〉 Sir Edward Atkins Sir Christopher Turner Barons of the Exchequer Anno Dom. 1661. HIs Majestie at His dissolution of the Parliament having promised to call another with all convenient expedition issued out Writs for the election thereof and appointed the eighth of May for their sitting down at Westminster where they accordingly convened and ratified several Acts made by the preceding Parliament which being not summoned by the Kings Writ was not by Law held sufficient the Act of Oblivion was first confirmed being very much urged and pressed by the King as the foundation of a sure and lasting settlement At the opening of the Parliament the King acquainted them with His resolution of marrying Donna Catharina the Infanta of Portugal which they very joyfully received by a Vote passed to that purpose in both Hou●es There likewise passed an Act in repeal of that 1 Carol. 17. against the Civil Power of Bishops thereby debarring them from their Priviledges as Peers which by this Repeal are to be restored fully unto them with many other Acts of Publique concernment and then adjourned till the November 20. instant The Right Honorable the Earl of Sandwich having sailed with a Fleet of men of War to the Coasts of Barbary to confirm the League between those Pyrates and this Nation came to an Anchor at Algeir where he entred into a Treaty with the Governor of that Port which not succeeding the Fleet weighed and stood into the Harbour where after the had fired some ships and done some execution on shore he came out again having received some little loss both of men and rigging From thence he set sail towards the Coast of Spain leaving Vice Admiral Lawson to guard the said Port. By a Commission from the King the Right Honorable the Earl of Peterburgh was made General for the expedition to Tanger a strong place and Fortress of the Portugals on the streights of Gibrala●r and Forces are now ready to imbark in company with that Fleet which is going to bring home her Majestie the Queen from Lisbon About this time hapned a fray or conflict on Tower-hill at the Reception of the Swedish Ambassador betwixt the French and Spanish Ambassadors Coaches for Praecedency where seven or eight were killed and the French worsted This so highly incensed the French King that he sent to Madrid to demand satisfaction but received none so that upon this and some other janglings there is now a kinde of a petty Hostility between them During this clash the Prince of Spain dyed and to the King of France was born a Daulphin Christned by the name of Lewes To●s Saints because he was born on All-Saints Day October Col. Lambert Sir Henry Vane Sir Hadress Waller Col. Cobbet were sent away from the Tower to several remote places for their own preservation as well as security of the peace and divers others secured upon account of a Plot a Narrative whereof cannot be given yet not in this piece which hath attained its conclusion FINIS October Novem. Decem. 〈◊〉 ●●odah ●●●eged F●● relleved Jan. 10. T●● K●ng removeth from the parliament March The King at York Excluded H● April May June the militia set on foot July August the Kin● sets up his Standard at Nottingham August Sept. th● King 〈◊〉 Shrewsbury Portsmouth taken Aug. 2. A skirmish in Worcestershire Octo 23. Edg-hill Fight Novem. Nov. 1 Bramfor Fight Decem● Cirencester stoemed Febr. 1. March My Lord Brook killed at Litchfield May Litchfie●●etaken ●y the King TheE of Noth●mprton slain April 6 Reading besieged May 16 Stratton fight June The Covenant taken Hambden killed July Landsdown Fight July 5. July July 27. Bristol surrendred Exeter delivered August 10 Glocester besieged Glocester relieved Sept. 8 Auborn Chase sight Sept. 19. Newb. ●irst fight Sept. 20. Novemb Decemb 8. January Mar. 29 Charrington Fight April April ●une Cropr●dy bridg●●ight ●une 29. Leistithiel surrender Aug. 5. The Earl of Essex vanquished in Cornwal 〈…〉 Fight ●000 killed at Marston ●loor ●uly 16. York ●iel●ed ●o the Parlia●ent 〈…〉 ●iege of ●asing ●●ised Nov. 21. Newbery second Fight Colonel Massey defeats Myn and takes Mon-mouth Decemb 〈…〉 T●●● my modelled and Gen Fa●rfax declared Jan. 11. 30 Vxbridg ●●●ty Mar. 2● Alle●ne fight July 22. Kilsith Field Aug 27. Vide● spee●hes pages 5. April May 31 June June 14 Naseby Fight Leices●●ake● Rowlin Hea●h Fight Sept. 24. June 28. July 10. Lamport Fight Br●oll ●e●verd Aug 1● ●●●●ng House to me● Sept. 14. Novem. ●auary April June 3 Septem Novem. June July 26. June Fagans ●ight say 8. Maidstone Fight June 2. June The N●vy revolt● Augu● July Kingston Insurrection ●reston ●ight Aug. 17 ●●omwel ●st into ●tland ●lche 〈◊〉 ●lded ●gust Treaty at the Isle of Wight October January Vide speech page 3● Vide speech page 32. Dublin freed and the Marques of Ormond defeated August ●uly 22. ●uary Sept. 28. Decemb 20. Feb. 18. April July 4. Decemb 12. Decemb March May June Vide Speech June Sir Geo●●ooth ●feated 〈◊〉 20.

the Grandees were that abetted those riotous Assemblies and also had had a hand in the Scorch Troubles whose untoward issue and conclusion lay heavy upon his heart he resolved to seise them in the Parliament-house and so bring them to a speedy Trial. This was attempted by the King but the birds were flown notice being given the House of Common by one Langrish a Servant of the Queens of the Kings coming thither to demand the Five Members But the business ended not so the House vote it a breach of priviledge and complain o● evil Counsellors about the Kings person who not able or willing longer to endure those indignities oftered daily at his Court gates leaves Whitehal and departs from Hampton Court and soon after the Five Members return to their places in the House guarded thither in much bravery by the Trained Bands by water This added fuel to the fire that was now ready to flame nor could another combustion in the sister Kingdom of Ireland which broke forth in October some two moneths before give them caution to look to this at home The manner of the breaking forth and the discovery of that Irish Rebellion was as followeth Anno Domini 1641. ON the 23. day of October 1641. that horrid Rebellion broke forth there that day they intended to seize the Castle of Dublin the Irish being every where else risen and in arms but the design was discovered by one Owen Conally an Irish Gentleman by birth and family but a retainer to Sir Iohn Clotworthy who being acquainted with the plot by one of the Rebells leaping over a set of pales whether he pretended to go and ease himself escaped by the favour of a dark night ran away and informed the Lord Justice Parsons with the whole design Upon this discovery the Lord Mack Gutre and one Mr. Mac Mahon were seised in Dublin the Town though in a most terrible fright was presently put into a posture of defence Advice was sent thorowout the Kingdom of Ireland of the Rebellion but all too late for it was universal and no part of the Kingdom where they were not risen so that a Proclamation against them and all raising of Arms was the best present remedy Notwithstanding the Rebels under the command of Sir Phelim Oneal as General seize all Vlster except the Castle of Eneskelin sparing for a while the Scotch Plantations there but growing so numerous that they dreaded not any supplies from the vicinity of Scotland they at last force them plunder them and garrison the cheil places of strength Sir Phelim Oneale taketh Dundalk and publisheth his Declaration called The Declaration of the Catholique Confederate Subjects of his Majesties Kingdome of Ireland s●uft with many shews of their Religion and Loyalty as could be and which is notable asserting that they did it to remove that Tyranny put upon their consciences in imitation of their fellow-subjects of Scotland who got a priviledge by that course Presently after they besieged Tredah but after several encounters betwixt the besieged their relief being defeated at Gillington-bridge by reason of a mutiny amongst them and the Rebels The Town was at last freed by a strong assistance and supply sent them from Dublin under the command of Sir Henry Titchburn who soon after upon the dislodgement of the Enemy from the Town followed him overtook him and routed him recovering Dundalk again by storm putting all to the sword while Oneale hardly escaped over the river and so fled Leave we this Kingdom in a forlorn miserable condition and cast an eye homeward The King was departed from Hampton Court thence in company with his Queen and his Daughter the Princess of Aurange to Dover to see them shipped for Holland he returned streight to Greenwich from thence having the Prince in his company to Theoballs Still the difference widened more and more according as he removed from London to which he was importunately desired to return by both Houses by the members thereof who continued sitting though the Grandees of the Faction were well contented with what distance he kept from them as rendring their pretended jealousies and fears more and more credible to the deluded people From Thoballs the misundestandings still increasing betwixt the King and his Two Houses he removed Northward first to Royston thence to Newmarket and in conclusion to York having received and answered several messages from the Parliament by the way The principal difference between the King and them was the Militia this was disputed betwixt them the King claiming it as an unseparable right of the Crown and the Houses urging the management of it for present satisfaction and safety and had thereupon nominated Officers which designation the King disallowed and now the rupture was visible Anno Domoni 1642. THe Gentry and the Generality of the County of York proffer to raise a Guard from amongst themselves for the Kings person in the mean time the Parliament desire him that the Magazine might be removed from Hull at which the King being displeased goes from York and demands the said Town stores and Magazines therein to be delivered to him which the Governour Sir Iohn Hotham presenting himself on his knees upon the walls refused to do save that if the King with some small retinue would enter he freely might This affront very much ne●led his Majesty so that he did very sharply complain of it to the Parliament but they rather justified Sir Iohn Hotham then gave the King any satisfaction which made him attempt for his Honour sake something against the Town by force in which enterprise some twenty of the Kings Guards were killed and so he retreated to Beverley where he found a very great addition of Gentlemen from all parts of the Kingdom who with their duty presented him their service In the mean while the Parliament was intent on the business of leavying Arms though several Patriots of both Houses did what they could to perswade to an accommodation amongst whom Sir Benjamin Rudyard was one of the chief who all along warned them of the miseries of a Civil War and what a shame it would be to them in after times and so consequently to all Parliaments if when the King had condescended so far they should proceed to the effusion of blood upon so unnecessary a quarrel he dyed soon after the first blood was drawn and that speech of his on his death-bed is very remarkable Mr. Pym and Mr Hamden saith he the Grandees of the then Faction told me That they thought the King so ●ll-beloved by his Subjects that he could never be able to raise an Army to oppose them which mistake of theirs cost many thousand live Nom the Militia was on foot every where the Parliaments Cause had the precedency of affection their Ordinances being obeyed like Acts wherefore the King prohibited by Proclamation any Levies Musters or of his Subjects any where in England without his command and

to Oxford The King marched from Oxford where by the way to London came Commissioners from the Parliament rendring Propositions and desiring that during the Treaty the Kings Army should march no neerer this way to spin time while Essex could recruit his Army therefore the King advanced from C●lebrook and came to Brainford where part of the Parliaments Army being the Regiments of Col. Hollis Hambden● and the L. Brooks for a while maintained themselves stoutly but being over-power'd some were driven into the river and there drowned and 300 slain and as many taken prisoners This brought a general consternation upon the City of London all shops were shut up and all the Regiments both Trained-Bands and Auxiliary were drawn out so that the Earl of Essex had a most compleat and numerous Army o● a sudden Hereupon the King presently marched away fearing to be incompassed by the Parliamentarians over Kingston-bridge which he broke down to stop the pursuit Essex made after him to Reading and so to Oxford where he took up his Winter quarters The Cities of Winchester and Chichester delivered to the Parliament Marlborough to the King and my Lord Hopton prevailed against the Earl or Stamford several Townes taken for the King in the West others for the Parliament in the North. Cyrencester had been Garrisoned by the Parliament Forces of Glocester being the midway betwixt that City and Oxford upon this place Prince Rupert had a design though his march that way was given out for the regaining of Shudly Castle out of which Col. Massey had smothered the Cavaleirs with wet hay for after he had passed some ten miles beyond Cirencester he suddenly returned back and surprising the Guards within two hours time became Master of the place puting the Earl of Stamfords Regiment to the sword who made a stout opposition taking 1100 prisoners and 8000 Arms and other provisions for war it being newly made a Magazeen From thence the Prince came before Glocester summoned the Town and departed The Lord Brooks and Northampton were in Arms against each other in the Counties of Warwick and Stafford where several small skirmishes had been between them at last in March the Lord Brook came and besieiged Litchfield Close garrisoned by the King and as he was viewing the approaches to it out of a window in the Town a single bullet from the Close shot him in the head through the eye of which he fell down dead nevertheless the siege was continued and the Close delivered to the Parliamentarians In the North the Queen landed at Bridlington Bay with some supplies of money and Arms for the King and with her Lieut. Gen. King she was conveyed to York and afterwards met the King at Edge-hill where the fight had been And so ended this year with the surrender at Malmsbury to the Parliament again and the defeat of the Lord Fairfax who was chief of the Parliaments forces in the North of ' Bramham by the Earls of Newcastle and Cumberland Scarborough delivered to the King by Brown Bushel Anno Domini 1643. PRince Rupert having coasted the Country from Glocester into Wales returned back by Litchfield intending to reduce it again he had not long lain before it but he compelled the Garrison to surrender To the releif hereof Sir Iohn Gell and Sir William ' Brereton having gathered a considerable strength marched these were met by part of Prince Ruperts forces and some under the command of the valiant Earl of Northampton where the said releif was defeated Sir Iohn Gell routed though the victory cost dear through the loss of that brave Earl who refusing quarter was killed by a private Souldier After General Essex had recruited his Army with new supplies the first thing he attempted was the siege of Reding which being manfully defended by Sir Arthur Aston till he received a wound on his head by the falling of a brick-bat and the releif brought by the King himself from Oxford being worsted at Caversham-Bridge after ten days siege was yeilded by Col. Fielding then substituted Governor to the Parliament In the North things went something equaller then before on the Parliaments side Sir Thomas Fairfax had defeated the Kings Forces under the Marquess of Newcastle at Wakefield and hoyed up the sinking interest of that Cause Monmouth likewise was taken by the Parliaments Forces as also Worder Castle but in the West the King prevailed my Lord Hopton commanded there being a valiant and expert Royalist for the Parliament the Earl of Stamford and Colonel Chidleigh these opposite Forces met the 16. of May in Stratton-field where the Parliamets foot stood stifly to the business but the Horse either through treachery or cowardize not seconding or releiving their Foot an entire Victory fell to the Cavaleers some 1500 of the Parliamentarians being slain and taken prisoners but do of great account lost on either side Chidleigh afterwards came over to the King and my Lord Hopton was made for this good service Baron of Stratton Now the Parliament flew high in their Consultations at home the Grandees working upon the sober part of the Parliament that this action of the Queens in bringing over Arms Money and other provisions for the assistance of the King was a dangerous destructive business wound up the anger of the Two Houses to such a pitch that the Queen was proclaimed Traytor and at the same time down went all the Crosses throughout England particularly the third of this moneth Cheapside-cro●s was demolished After this beginning of Reformation the Parliament took the Solemn League and Covenant at Westminster this was first framed in Scotland and was generally taken by them in the year 1639. the main drift of it was against the Episcopal Dignity and was now for the mutual endearment of the two Nations assistance being promised the Parliament from Scotland pressed upon all in England where the Parliaments power was paramount being taken throughout London the fifth of this moneth The Earl of Essex advanceth from Reading to Tame where a general sickness seized upon the Army during their quartering thereabout Prince Rupert fell into part of their quarters but the Essexians taking the Alarum and drawing out the business came to a fight in Chalgrave field where Colonel Hambden was mortally wounded It was observeable that in this place the said Colonel Hambden first listed and trained his men in the beginning of the war The Lord Keeper Littleton having fled with the Great Seal to Oxford according to the Kings Command the Parliament voted a new Great Seal to be made The Parliament to redress their affairs in the West had made Sir William Waller Major General of those Counties and had sent him down with a well-furnished Army to meet the Kings Army under my Lord Hopton who having cleared Devonshire after Strafton fight marched Eastward where in Somersetshire Sir William had taken Taunton and Br●dgewater Both these Armies met at

the cheif of that Cabal Several Towns and Castles lost and taken by both parties Anno Domini 1644. SIR William Waller after his reducement of Arundel Castle marched to finde out my Lord Hopton to cry quits with him for his defeat at Roundway Down both Armies were near one another a good space for my Lord hovered about Winchester and those parts at Brandon Heath near Alesford Hopton was drawn up having a little before in his intended march to the releif of Arundel beaten Col. Norton into Chichester who endeavoured to impede him and stood ready to receive Sir William who had taken the advantage of a hill from which the Cavaliers with fury beat him and drove him to another where under the shelter of some bu●hes and trees he so galled the Kings Horse that they were forced in disorder to retreat on their foot There was a hollow betwixt both Bodies which each endeavouring to gain many men found it for their graves on both sides My Lord Hopton therefore seeing the slaughter that was made and likely to continue upon his men timely drew off his Artillery and Canon towards Winchester and then wheeling about marched for Basing and so presently to Oxford In this fight was killed on the Kings part that valiant person Iohn Lord Stuart second Brother to the Duke of Richmond who died at Abbington of his wounds received Here Sir Iohn-Smith Col. Sandys Col. Scot and Col. Manwaring with divers other persons of quality wounded among whom was Sir Edward Stawell eldest son to Sir Iohn and Sir Henry now Lord Bard besides private souldiers above 1400. Of the Parliaments side few men of note killed about 900 common souldiers Colonel Dolbier wounded and Colonel Thompsons leg shot off by a Canon buller The Earl of Essex and Waller who had followed my Lord Hopton to Basing and there shewed a mind or besieging the House now joyned their Armies together amounting to a very great strength with intention to set upon the King at Oxford wherefore the Queen was sent away with a sufficient Convoy to Exeter in the mean time Essex plunders Abbington and makes a Garrison of it afterwards The King in the mean while marcheth with his Army from Oxford to Worcester which caused the two Parliament Generals to divide their forces again Waller was to go after the King as they termed it A King-catching while Essex marched with another gallant Army into the West which was totally lost from the Parliament The King had but few forces about him by reason that Prince Rupert was sent with the greatest part of the Army to the relief of York then besieged by the joynt power of three Armies the Scots Manchesters and Fairfaxes Prince Rupert in his way storms Bolton and plunders it The King having traversed his ground came back again from Worcester and Sir William Waller from out of the skirts of Glocestershire was ready at his heels so he overtook him neer Banbury at a place called Cropredy-Bridge Waller drew up in Bartalia on a hill expecting the advantage of the Kings pasting the Bridge which the King adventuring to do Waller descends from his Post and fall upon the Kings Rear beyond the Bridge where he was so gallantly received by the Earls of Cleveland and Northampton that he was quite routed 600 kill'd and 700 taken prisoners his Train of Artillery and many of his Officers so that Sir William was forced to fly to have recourse ●o London for another recruit It was therefore resolved upon this defeat of Waller that the K●ng should immediately follow the Earl of Essex who was advanced so far that the Queen who was delivered of the Princess Henrietta at Exeter the sixteenth of Iune in the moneth of Iuly was fain to be gone from Exeter for fear of a siege and carry the young Lady along with her into France where she landed on the 25th at Brest in Britany At the beginning of August the King had overtaken the Earl of Essex at L●stithel his force in so ill a condition through their long march and their want of necessaries which the Country people kept from them that it was concluded an easie thing to conquer them The King therefore resolved to coop them up and keep all manner of provisions from them After two or three daies league in this manner the Parliament horse broke through the Kings Army by night the General and the Lord Roberts at whose instance this expedition was undertaken got by boat from Foy to Plymouth and the foot being destitute and deserted by the horse under the Command of Major General Skippon came to a Capitulation by which it was agreed they should render their A●ms Ammunition Artillery and Stores into the hands of the King and have liberty as many as would to pass home they engaging never more to bear Arms against the King so that by this defeat the Parliament were quite undone in the West as to present appearance But though success crowned the King here it failed him as much in the North whether Prince Rupert was advanced as was said before for the relief of York For upon notice of the Princes approach having with him the bravest Army that ever was seen in England both for number and persons The Confederate Forces of Scotch and English drew of● from before the City and drew up into a fighting posture On the 〈◊〉 of Iuly the Marquess of Newcastle the Prince joyned their forces together On the third both Armies met one another upon a great plain called Marston-Moo● the Prince being General commanded the right wing General Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Col. Tillier the main body and my Lord of Newcastle the left wing who had a stout Regiment of White-coats called his Lambs At the first onset the Prince totally routed the Scots who were opposed to him and out of desire of revenge for their unnatural siding with the Parliament of England pursued them so lar that he came not back time enough to the assistance of his own But most remarkable was the valour of the English under Manchester led by Lievtenant General Cromwell who being the Reserve of the Army when the Prince was so far ingaged fell in so impetuously with the Curaziers that they bore down all before them the field was now almost cleared the Scots and Fairfaxes men on one side being fled and giving the day for lost and the main body of the Kings being discomfited and Prince Rupert just returned to see the overthrow so that there was none standing in the field save only my Lord of Newcastles men upon whose Lambs a terrible slaughter was committed while they discharged the parts of valiant expert and Loyal Subjects refusing quarter and casting themselves into rings till there were very few of them left and it had been a shame for the enemy to have killed such gallant and brave persons In conclusion the Cromwellians prevailed killing of the King Army

of Scotland he took shipping at Schiveling in Holland and landed after some dangerous weather safe in the Spey in Scotland having narrowly mist some of the Parliaments Frigots that lay in wait for him Cromwell therefore expedited his march and entred Scotland with a well-appointed Army of 18000 men against which invasion the Scot did very much expostulate and more fiercely prepared to defend themselves The English Army therefore Iuly 22. advanced from Berwick into Scotland the Scotch Army lying incamped in the fields about Muscle●orough strongly intrenched divers skirmishes past and it was wet weather which very much incommodated the English nevertheless they take two houses by storm and both Armies then faced one another the great Guns playing on both sides but the Scots declined the Engagement which the English perceiving marched back to Dunbar and in a corn field half a mile from the Sea in a low ground lodged there Septemb. 1. whether the Scots drew and incamped in the high ground above it making sure of a victory but Cromwells forces charging resolutely to gain the pass and having mastred it the whole Army on a sudden fell upon the Scots and after an hours dispute though inferiour in number routed them killing 4000. and taking 10000 prisoners 200 Cornets and Colours 27 Field-pieces 10000 Arms and three Lords These Colours with those taken at Preston were afterwards set up in Westminster Hall as also those of Worcester thereafter The Scot quit Leith and Edinborough which are possessed by the English who advance to Sterling and fortifie L●nl thgow Several encounters and parleys were between Cromwell and Colonel Ker and Straughan for the Kirk alone in one whereof Ker was defeated and taken prisoner and by the other Straughan was brought over to side with the English Edinborough Castle had been long besieged and undermined but at last the treacherous Governour Dundasse delivered it upon Articles Colonel Eusebius Andrews Sir Henry Hide were beheaded about this time and Doctor Lewen hanged about the matters of the King who was soon after crowned King of Scotland at Schoon where they had news of another loss the rendition of Hume and Tim●tallon Castle While the Army in Scotland made this progress another war was breeding at home betwixt the Dutch and us S. Iohns had been sent Ambassador thither and had been very highly affronted upon his return an Act was made prohibiting and impeding the liberty and freedome of the Dutch at Sea which they not brooking the business came to be decided by blows Anno Dom. 1651. BLackness Castle was taken by Colonel Monk and at the same time the Presbyterian Plot laid by Mr. Love c. for a rising in Lancashire where M. G. Harrison had order to attend was discovered for which the said Love and one Mr. Gibbons were beheaded at Tower-hill August 22. The Scots had raised another Army whereof the King was General This Army was compounded of Cavaliers and Presbyters being in all 21000 men with these the King marched from Sterling to Torwood and there regularly incamped thither came Cromwell hoping to draw them out to fight but could not only he stormed Calendar House in their view Nevertheless in the interim Colonel Overton by boats had passed par● of the Army from Le●h into Fife who being seconded by a greater force under Major General Lambert the Scots being alarum'd at this unexpected invasion send down Sir Iohn Brown to drive them out whereupon a bloudy fight ensued but the victory fell to the English neer 1500 Scots were slain and 1000. with Sir Iohn taken prisoners After the Army thus was landed on Fifes fide and had given the Kings forces a defeat it was advised the King should presently desert Scotland the English having now shipt most of their men over and so given the King the advantage of two daies march from Sterling and by the way of Carlisle speedily march for England which was accordingly put in execution and after a very troublesome march some opposition being made at Warrington Bridge by Major General Harrison since executed and there worsted on the 22 of August having marched three hundred miles in three weeks time he arrived at Worcester with his Army consisting of 11000 foot most whereof were Highlanders and 3000 horse made up with some additional English under the now Right Honourable Earl of Shrewslury Colonel Howard and other Knights and Gentlemen who had escaped with the Earl of Derby thither after the defeat given the said Earl by Colonel Lilburn at Wigan After the King had rested his Army a while at Worcester and summoned in the neighbouring Counties to a rendezvouze in order to a conjuncture upon which some small appearance was made the Rebels drawing neer to attaque the City the King betook himself to make some fortifications such as time would permit at Vpton bridge and about the Town By the beginning of September Cromwells whole Army after a sufficient refreshment and additional forces of the Militia which were speedily raised in every County presented himself on every side of the City the number of them consisted of very neer 50000 men well armed the first places attaqued was Vpton Bridge which Colonel now Sir Edward Massey stoutly defended till being over-powred and himself wounded he was forced to retreat and leave the enemy free passage Wednesday the third of September the Enemy resolved to fall on which they did at several places first at Powick bridge whether the King himself in person went and beat back the Brigade● assigned to that post but being necessitated to go back into the City to give other Orders his forces lacking Ammunition were forced to give way and make a disorderly retreat into Worcester Presently upon this the Enemy charged furiously upon another part where his Majesty himself in person gave not●ble proof of his valour Duke Hamilton receiving a shot hard by him of which lie afterwards died but fresh supplyes coming in every minute and the slaughter falling upon the new raised men Cromwell reserving his Veteranes for the last the King quit the field Some impute it to David Les●leyes not coming with his horse to his succour in time and drew within the walls But the Rebel pursued their success and having cast up a sudden battery compelled the Fort-Royal to surrender while another part of the Army entred at another place and fell in mediately to the plunde●ing o● the City By fix of the clock the whole Town was gained and the street fill'd with blood a great slaughter being made that unfortunate day Between six and seven a clock in the dusk of the evening the King accompanied with the chief of his Nobility and some sixty horse departed Northward out of S. Martins gate Having rid a little way and upon consultation held what to do in that distress of affairs the Earl of Derby advised the King to fly to a house called Bos●abell where he himself had sound security in his flight from Wigan aforesaid