of it is to be seen the Bridge of Loyang over the River Loyang 360 Perches long about one and an half broad so curiously contrived with great Pillars instead of Arches and so finely imbellished with Sculptures as no where to find a Parallel in the World Cividad del Roy Philippo a Colony of Spaniards planted in Magellanica at the Mouth of the Streights of Magellan but dissipated by Famine again it being far remote from their Countries and seldom visited Civita Nova a small Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy 5 or 6 Miles from Loretto and near the Adriatick upon a Hill dignified with the Title of a Dukedom Civita Busella Bucellum a Town in the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Civita Vecchia a famous Port in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy believed by some to be the Centum Cellae of the Antients Civitella a Town in the farther Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon a Rock with the River Librata at the Foot of it Besieged by the French in 1557. under the Duke of Guise in vain Clagenfurt Clagenfurtum Claudia the Capital Town of the Dutchy of Carinthia in Germany â— Leagues from the River Drave and the same Distance from S. Veir There is a great Lake near it It is a fortified Town See Klagenfurt Clain Clanis Clitis a River of the Province of Poictou in France which having received the Vonne the ClouÌ„ere c. passes by Poictiers and loses its Name at length in the Vienne below Chasteleraud Clairvaux Clarevallum a famous Abbey of Champaigne upon the River Aube in the Diocese of Langres 5 or 6 Leagues from the said City Founded in the Year 1115. by the Great S. Bernard Himself being the first Abbot Who left above â—00 Religious in it at his Death Hence the Title of Abbas Clarevallensis given that very Divine Person Clare Clarence Clarentia a Country-Village in the County of Suffolk upon the River Stour which divideth Essex from Suffolk about 6 Miles West of Sudbury It had once a Castle but now ruined yet famous for the great Men who have born the Titles of Earls or Duke of it The last of which was George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV. King of England who in 1421. was drowned in a Butt of Malmesey The second King at Arms retains the Surname of Clarencieux as appertaining formerly to the Dukes of Clarence At present the Title of Earl of Clare is in the Family of Hollis § There is also a Town and County in the Province of Connaught in Ireland of this Name the former standing near the Fall of the River Fergus into the Shannon Clarendon or Clarindon is a Noble Country House and Park belonging heretofore to the Kings of England about 2 Miles North of Salisbury in Wiltshire Famous of old for a Parliament here held in 1164. where were made the Constitutions of Clarindon Charles II. of blessed Memory added a new and lasting Honor to this Place when April 20. 1661. three Days before his Coronation he created the Loyal Edward Hide late Lord Chancellor Earl of Clarâ—ndon Viscount Cornbury c. who dying at Roüen in Normandy in 1674. was succeeded by Henry his eldest Son a Person of great Virtue and Goodness Clarentia or Clarenza a Country in the Morea described to contain the antient Achaia properly so called Sicyonia and Corinth Heretofore renowned under particular Dukes of its own The capital City bears the same Name of Clarenza Claros a mountainous Island of the Aegean Sea consecrated in antient times to Apollo Called at present Calamo § The Name of Claros is likewise born by a Town now unknown but mentioned we find amongst the Antients as belonging to the Colophonii in Ionia Apollo having had an Oracle in it and his Attribute thence deriv'd of Clarius Deus Claven Cleven Clavenna a small City in the Valtoline with an Earldom call'd by the Germans the Graffschaft von Cleven This City stands 5 Leagues from the Lake that bears its Name to the North upon the River Maiera called by the French Chiavenne Clausenbourg Claudipolis called by the Inhabitants Coloswar is the principal Town in Transylvania great populous and ennobled with an antient Castle All the Publick Affairs of that Principality are transacted and Justice administred here It stands upon the River Samosch nine German Miles from A'ba Jùlia North and fifteen from Waradin East The Duke of Lorrain put into it an Imperial Garrison Oct. 19. 1687. upon Articles agreed in a peaceable manner by the Magistrates and Governor for the late Prince Abafti Clay a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Holt. Clazomenae the Birth-place of the Philosopher Anaxagoras an antient City of Ionia in Asia Minor built in the Year of Rome 98. upon the Aegeun Sea betwixt Smyrna and Chio. Clebuâ—g Mortimer a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesden Clerac or Clairac a Town in the County of Agennois in Guyenne in France 4 Leagues from Agen and the same Distance from Nerac It stands upon the River Lot which a little below falls into the Garonne And has a famous Abbey in it Clermont en Argene a Town in the Dukedom of Bar upon the River Ayr four Leagues from Verdun West and seven from Barleduc North-East This belongeth to the Duke of Lorrain but in 1654. was taken from him and annexed to the Crown of France It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom Clermont en Auvergne Arvernae Claromons Claromontium the principal City of the Province of Auvergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges It stands upon a declining ground in a Territory called Limaigne which is very fruitful upon the River Tiretaine twenty Leagues South of Moulins and twenty five East of Limoges Here was a General Council celebrated in 1095. under Pope Vrban II. in which the Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land was concluded and Godfrey of Bouillon declared General of the same Also Philip I. King of France was excommunicated until his repentance for Adultery This is thought to have arisen out of the Ruines of Gergovia an old Roman Town It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom belonging to the Crown ever since the Union of Auvergne with the Crown Clermont on Beauvais a Town in the Isle of France five Leagues South of Beauvais in the North-East Border of that County The Earldom of this place is famous for giving a beginning to the Royal House of Bourbon in the Person of Robert of France Earl of Clormont en Beavais the Son of St. Lewis Clermont de Lodeve a Town in Languedoc upon the River Lorgue four and twenty Leagues from Avignon West So distinguished because standing in the Diocese of Lodeve It gives Name to an Honourable Family and is beautified with a Collegiate Church a Cattle and some Monasteries § There are other Clermonts in this Kingdom One in Danphine in the Territory of Viennois giving the Title of an Earldom
between the British Sea to the West the Garonne to the North and East and Spain to the South and was the ancient Aquitania and afterwards Novempopulonia that is the third part properly of the antient Aquitania in the division of the Emperour Augustus corrected by Adrian See Aquitaine It had this Name from the Gascoignes or Vascones a Spanish People which setled here and were Conquered by Theodebert and Theodorick Kings of France at last totally subdued by Dagobert another King of that Nation but ascribed by the Chronologers to Aribert a Contemporary King in 634. This Name is sometimes taken for all Gascony or the Generalité de Guienne or de Bourdeaux divided at present into eleven Parts Bourdelois Bazadois Condomois Armagnac Bearn Gascogne Basques Bigorre Comminges Baionne and Albret This Country for a long time belonged to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine It came in 1152. to Henry II. King of England in the Right of Eleanor his Wife Though King John was adjudged to have forfeited this and all his other Dominions in France by the pretended Murther of Arthur whereupon the French entered and in 1203. and 1204. Conquered Main Angiers and Normandy King John's Subjects not well agreeing with him yet in 1206. he made one Expedition to Rochel and took Mount Alban whereby he preserved Gascony And though his Son lost Rochel to the French in 1224. yet in 1225. by his Brother Richard Earl of Cornwal he reduced the Rebellious Gascoignes to Obedience and in 1242. attempted to recover Poictou but with no good success In 1259. for a Sum of Money given him by Lewis IX he resigned Normandy Main and Anjou reserving to himself Gascony Limosin and Aquitain in consideration whereof he was to have fifty thousands Crowns and from henceforward they were stiled Dukes of Guienne in the Possession of this the Kings of England continued till the twenty ninth Year of the Reign of Henry VI. which was the Year of our Lord 1452. when the Weakness of that Prince and the good Fortune of Charles VII deprived the English of all their Possessions in France ever since which time Gascony has been in the hands of the French It is observed as the French change the Letters V and W into G in the words Galles for Wales and Gascoigne for Vasconia so particularly the Gascoigners interchange the Letters V and B with one another in giving the same pronunciation to both Therefore says Joseph Scaliger of them Foelices populi quibus bibere est vivere Gastinois Vostinum a Territory in the Isle of France towards la Beauce between the Rivers of Estampes and Vernison to the West the River Yonne which separates it from Senonois on the East and the Territory of Puysaie and Auxerrois to the South The principal Town is Montargis thirteen Miles South of Paris Gath a City of Palestine upon the Frontiers of the Tribe of Juda towards the Syrian Sea seated on a hill It was one of the five Satrapies of the Philistines and the birth place of Goliah Gattinara a Town in the Principality of Piedmont advanced to the dignity of an Earldom by the Emperor Charles V. Gatton an ancient Borough Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Reygate which elects two Members of Parliament Roman Coyns have been often digged up here Le Gave de Oleron Gabarus Oloronensis a River of Bearn which ariseth from the Pyrenean Hills from two Springs le Gave de Aspe to the West and le Gave de Osseau to the East which unite at the City of Oleron in Bearn and running Westward beneath Sauveterre it takes in from the South le Gave del Saison which comes from Mauleon beneath which it falls into le Gave de Pau a River of Aquitain which arising in Bigorre more East than the former but out of the Pyrenean Hills also at a Place called Bains de Bareâ—ge and running North-West by Pau in Bearn as far as Ourtes turns Westward and taking in Gave de Oleron falls into the Adour less than five Miles beneath Dax and four above Baionne to the East Gavot a small Territory in Vallais or Wallisserlandt one of the Suisse Cantons Comte de Gaure a County of France in Aquitaine in Armaignac between Lomagne Gimont and Condom the principal Town in it is Verdun four Miles from Tolouse to the North and about eight from Aux to the East Gaures Ghiaours or Ghiabers a numerous People dispersed about the Indies and the Kingdom of Persia in the Provinces particularly of Kherman where stands their principal Temple and Hyerach of a different Institution in Religion from all the World besides following the Scriptures of one Ebrahim zer Ateucht a Prophet pretended before the time of Alexander the Great and as tho they retained something of the old Religion of the Persians they have such a Veneration for Fire especially what the Priest consecrates that they take the most solemn Oaths before it The Persian Proverb upon these People it A Ghiaber may worship the Fire a hundred years yet if he falls into it but once it will certainly burn him Gazara Gaza a City of Palestine in Asia which belonged anciently to the Tribe of Judah as appears by the Sacred Scriptures it was the fifth Satrapy of the Philistines seated near the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea on the Confines of Idumaea towards Egypt Conquered by Judah Judg. 1. 18. but not long enjoyed Made famous by Samson Pharaoh King of Egypt gave it a second Name Gen. xlvii 1. Alexander the Great totally ruined it In the times of the Machabees a new Gaza arose which in those of Christianity was made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Caesarea The Grecians finding Gaza signified a Treasury in the Persian Tongue thought the Persians under Cambyses had given it this name Alexander the son of Aristobulus took the New Gaza and demolished it but no Alexander could so ruine this City but it would recover again Augustus annexed this Gazara and Hippon to Syria and in the time of Constantine the Great it was called Constantia from a Sister of that Prince The Saracens possessed themselves of it in the year of our Lord 633. three years before they took Jerusalem by whom it is now called Gaza Gazara and Aza Here our Authors divide as to its present State Baudrand saith it is little yet divided into two parts the Upper and Lower and that it has a Prince of its own though he is subject to the Turks called the Emir or Pacha de Gaza who is Master of it and the Neighbouring Country but Jo. Bunon saith it is great and twice as big as Jerusalem This City had a Port called Majuma Our Sandys in his Travels lib. 3. p. 116. saith it is seated upon a Hill environed with Valleys and those again well nigh inclosed with Hills most of them planted with all sorts of delicate Fruits the Buildings mean both for Form and Matter the best of rough Stone arched within and flat
Title of a Dukedom This City lies seven Leagues from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the West eight from the Borders of France fourteen from Perpignan to the South and sixteen from Barcelona to the North. A Spanish Council was held at it in 517. Gisborn a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Stancliff Gisborough a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langburgh situated in a pleasant Flat between Mulgrave and the River Tees and heretofore enriched with an Abbey This is the first place where Allum was made in England Gisors Caesortium Caesarotium and Gisorium an ancient Town in Normandy mentioned by Antoninus the Capital of le Vexin Normand a Territory in this Province which lies upon the River Epte sixteen Leagues from Paris to the West and ten from Roan to the North-East It has given the Title of an Earl for many Ages past About the year 1188. Henry I. King of England and Philip the August King of France had an Enterview betwixt this place and Trie after the news of the taking of Jerusalem by Saladine wherein they agreed upon a Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land again and to lay aside their differences with one another till they had performed it Givaudan or Gevaudan Gabali a Territory in Languedoc the Capital of which is Mende it lies between Auvergne to the North Rovergne to the West the Lower Languedoc to the South and Vivarais and Velay to the East Placed in the Mountains of Sevennes and very subject to Snow yet not unfruitful near the sourse of the Allier the Lot Olda and the Tarn Mende the principal City lies twenty five Leagues from Lyon to the South West and Baignol the next to Mende in greatness lies about six Miles South of it This was the Country of the ancient people called Gabales It now gives the Title of Earl to the Bishops of Mende and was first united to the Crown of France in 1271. being heretofore under its own Counts The Huguenots ravaged it much in the last Age. Giulap Chaboras Chobar a River and City of Mesopotamia The River ariseth from Mount Masius in the Confines of the Greater Arabia and running Southward through Mesopotamia falls into the River Euphrates at Al Thabur which last City it seems is by some called Giulap The River is the same that passeth by Caramit the Capital of Diarbeck or Mesopotamia and in the latter Maps is called Soaid supposed to be the River Chobar mentioned by Ezekiel the Prophet See Chaibar Giulia Julia a City of Transylvania between the Rivers of Sebekeres and Feyerkeres upon the Lake Zarkad seven German Miles South of Great Waradin upon the Frontiers of Transylvania in the Hands of the Turk whose Ancestors conquered it in 1566. Some Authors believe this to be the same place with the Ziridava of the Ancients Giulich a Branch of Mount Taurus in Cilicia Giulick See Juliers Giustandil Acrys Justiniana Prima Lychnidus Tauresium a City of Macedonia commonly by the Christians called Locrida standing on the Confines of Albania upon the Lake Pelioum out of which the River riseth that watereth Albanopoli This City was the Birth-place of that Great Prince Justinian the Emperour and from him had the Name of Justiniana even now it is a great and populous City and an Archbishops See it stands upon an high Hill eighty Miles from Durazzo to the East Glamorganshire Glamorgania Morganucia one of the twelve Counties of Wales has on the South the Severn Sea on the East Monmouthshire on the North Brecknockshire and on the West Caermarthenshire the North part being Mountainous is barren and unpleasant the South side descending by degrees spreads it self into a fruitful Plain which is filled with Towns The principal City of this County is Landaff There is in this County one hundred and eighteen Parishes The Earldom was granted to Edward Somerset Lord Herbert of Chepstow c. by Charles I. in 1645. the Father of Henry Duke of Beaufort in which most Loyal and most Noble Family it now is Glan Clanes a River in Bavaria which now falls into the Danube Glandeves Glandeva Glannata Glannatica a ruined City in Provence amongst the Maritime Alpes near the River Var giving Name to an Honourable Family in Province and formerly dignified with the Title of an Earldom The continual Inundations of the River Var obliged the Inhabitants to desert it about eight hundred years ago who settled at Entrevaux at the distance of a quarter of a League from it whether they removed also the Episcopal See of Glandeves which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Ambrun Glanfordbridge or Glamford a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Yarborough Glanio Clanius Liris a River in Italy now frequently called L'Agno See Agno Glarys Calarona Glarona a Town in Switzerland which is the Capital of a Canton seated in a Valley of the same Name upon the River Sarneff amongst very high Hills called Glarnischberg eighteen Miles from Altorf to the South-East and as many from Schwits to the North-East This is so great populous and strong that it may compare with most Cities The Plain upon which it stands lies by the River Limat about three German Miles in length being fensed on three sides by the towring Alpes having on the South and East the Grisons on the West the Canton Von Vry and Schwits and on the North the River Limat which parts it from the Grisons This is one of the lesser Cantons and the eighth in number Of old subject to the Monastery of Secon which had the Tythes and some certain Rents but the Inhabitants were otherwise free of all Exactions Taxes and Tolls and governed by a Senate chosen out of themselves by their own Laws and Customs only the Abbess of the Monastery chose the Senators and the Emperor was Advocate of the Monastery which Right being consigned by Fredericus Aenobarbus to Otho Palatine of Burgundy came to the House of Hapspurgh and by the latter to Albert Son of Rodolphus I. who attempting to change these Methods of Government this Canton in 1351. revolted and was received into the League of the Cantons and in 1386. gave the Austrians a fatal overthrow Zuinglius about 1515. preaching here against the Church of Rome many of the Inhabitants imbraced the Reformed Religion the rest persisting in the Roman and so it stands at this day Glas Nanaeus a River in Scotland the same with Strachnavern Glascow Glasquo Glascum a City in the West of Scotland upon the River Cluyd Glotta sixteen Miles from the Western Shoar This was very anciently a Bishops See but discontinued till King William of Scotland restored it now an Archbishops See and an University which was opened by Turnbull a Bishop who in 1554. built a College here and it is now the best place of Trade in this part of Scotland having a delightful situation excellent Apples and a Bridge of eight Arches over the
given of it by Monsieur Thevenot who saw it himself Famous moreover to all posterity for the Children of Israel's passing it on dry ground at their entrance into Canaan and the Prophet Elijah's doing the same in company with Elisha Our Saviour received Baptism here from the hands of S. John near to which particular place the Christians built a Monastery that is now in ruins The Pilgrims delight to bathe in this River fancying the Water sanative from the virtue of that Sacred Contact It overflows in Summer with the melted Snow from Mount Libanus But in the Winter runs a low Water and after its Current into the Dead Sea it is clear without mixture for above a League together issuing thence by a subterraneous Channel into the Mediterranean Ioyeuse Gaudiosa a Town in France in the Province of Vivarais towards the Borders of Languedoc honoured by being first a Viscounty next a Dutchy and giving Name to a Noble Family Ipepa Hypaepa a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia between Mount Tmolus and the River Caystro not far from Thyatira It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesâ—s Ipre See Yperen Iprichia the same with Africa Ips Ipsium and Ibissa a Town in Austria Ipsala Cypsella a City in Thrace by the River Mela at first a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trajanopoli or Zernis afterwards it became the Metropolis It lies between this City to the West twenty nine Miles and Drusilaba to the North-East twenty six Miles the River in our latter Maps is called Larissa and falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Lembro just behind that Peninsula which makes the Dardanels straight Ipswich Gippo-vicus the County Town of Suffolk heretofore called Gippwich seated on the North side of the River Stour upon the foot of a steep Hill in somewhat a low Ground it has a commodious Haven and was heretofore a place of great Trade with many wealthy Merchants in it and a vast number of other people but now decayed as to both It was also formerly fortified with Trenches and Rampires the loss of which is not to be lamented the Town being so seated that it can never be made a place of Defence the Hills on all sides but the South and South-East commanding it It has fourteen Parish Churches and a great many goodly Houses the tokens of its former Wealth In 991. the Danes sacked it and nine years after repeated their Cruelty upon it In the Reign of S. Edward it had eight hundred Burgesses who paid Custom to the King There was also a Castle built here by the Normans which Hugh Bigod Earl of Norfolk defended against the Usurper King Stephen but was forced to surrender at last the ruins are now lost Mr. Cambden supposeth it to have been demolished by Henry II. when he did the same by Waleton Castle not far off Here landed the three thousand Flemings which the Nobility called in against Henry II. when his Son rebelled against him In the late Rebellion this Town stood clear of all those Calamities which involved the rest of the Nation The Bishop of Norwich hath a House here and the Viscount of Hereford another befitting his degree and quality The Honourable Henry Fitz-Roy Duke of Grafton was created Viscount Ipswich Aug. 16. 1672. who died of the Wounds that he received in the Service of King William before Cork Octob. 9. 1690. This Town is also a Corporation and sends two Burgesses to the Parliament It has a Free-School with the convenience of a good Library and a Hospital Cardinal Wolsey was born here and began the building of a stately College which bears his Name to this day Ireland Hibernia Ivernia is a great fruitful and noble Island on the West of Great Britain accounted in ancient time for greatness and glory the third Island of the World and called then the Lesser Britain Orpheus Aristotle and Claudian call it Ierna Juvenal Mela Juverna Diodorus Siculus Iris. Others Jovernia Overnia and Burnia The Natives Erin The Welsh Yuerdon The English Ireland It is three hundred Miles long and two hundred broad on the East it has the tempestuous Irish Sea between it and Great Britain on the West the Vergivian Ocean on the North the Deucalidonian Sea and on the South the British Ocean Divided into four Provinces Leinster Mounster Vlster and Connaught which heretofore sustained the Title of as many Kingdoms comprehending in all thirty Counties four Archbishopricks and twelve Bishopricks The Country is full of Woods Hills and Bogs The Soil rich and fruitful especially as to Grass Pomponius Mela in the times of the Emperour Claudius gives the very same character of it and therefore it has ever abounded in Cattle which is its most Staple Commodity The principal Rivers are the Shannon the Sewer the Barow the Black-Water the Shour the Neure the Boyne the Leffy c. The Capital City heretofore Armagh now Dublin The Air is at all times temperate but too moist to be at all times pleasant or wholsome The Romans in all probability never had any footing in this Island This Nation was converted to Christianity in the fifth Century by Palladius and S. Patrick especially the latter who planted not only Religion but so much Learning too amongst them that in the next Age the Monks of Ireland were eminent for Holiness and Learning and Ireland thence called Insula Sanctorum an Island of Saints In 694. Egfrid King of Northumberland first entered and destroyed this Nation with Fire and Sword after this the Danes for thirty years together wasted and destroyed them After these the Germans After them Edgar the most powerful King of England conquered a great part of Ireland And when by Massacres and other Accidents the Irish were freed from all these Calamities there ensued Domestick Broils among themselves In 1155. Henry II. being called in by the Natives resolved on the Conquest of them whereupon Richard Strongbow Earl of Pembroke began it in 1172. Henry II. in Person entered Ireland and taking upon him the Stile of Sovereign Lord of Ireland the States and all the petty Kings submitted to him and passed over all their Rule and Power which was confirmed by Pope Hadrian The Kings of England continued the Title of Lords of Ireland till the Reign of Henry VIII who took first upon him the Stile and Title of King of Ireland in 1541. which was confirmed to Mary his Daughter by Pope Paul IV. in 1555. The Irish have ever looked upon this Conquest as a Wrong and an Usurpation which no Act of theirs nor Time it self could make valid Hence when ever England has been imbroiled they have taken the opportunity of Revolting In the Reign of Edward I. when that Prince was engaged against the Scots one Donald O-Neal stiled himself King of Ulster and in Right of Inheritance the undoubted Heir of all Ireland But when in the Reign of Henry VIII the pretence of Religion was added first the Earl of Kildare rebelled
these Barbarians slew the Bishop of London for not paying them their Tribute the Year after Sweno King of the Danes took the City and expelled King Ethelred out of England but this lasted not long In the Year 1016 Canutus the Dane took London and in 1018 was there Crowned King of England In 1042 there was an end put to this Danish Race and Edward the Confessor was Crowned King of England In 1064 this Prince died and Herald usurping upon Edward Atheling the Right Heir William Duke of Normandy entred England slew him and in 1066 was Crowned in London The Fate of London has been much the same with that of England ever since for this Prince in 1078 having built the Tower of London it became the setled Residence of our Kings from that day forward William II. in 1099 Walled the Tower King John in 1210 Granted this City its first Charter and Instituted its Major and Government In 1211 He built London Bridge In 1217 Lewis of France was besieged in London by Henry III. and forced to leave the Land In 1378 John Philpot a Londoner at his own Cost and upon his own Authority put out a Fleet and cleared the Seas of Pyrats In 1381 the Country Clowns rising against the Nobility and one Jack Straw behaving himself insolently towards the King in Smithfield Sir William Wallworth the Lord Major stabbed him and put an end to that Rebellion for which Service the Red Dagger was added as is said to the Arms of London In 1392 that Prince seized their Liberties for resusing to lend him Money In 1567 the Royal Exchange was built by Sir Thomas Gresham In succeeding times it throve to that degree as to have one hundred and thirty three Parishes accounted within its Walls and Suburbs In 1665 a Plague swept away one hundred thousand of her Inhabitants In 1666 a devouring Fire Levelled thirteen thousand of her Houses The Footsteps of which dismal Calamity by the Industry of the Citizens encouraged by their Gracious King Charles II. are not otherwise to be seen but in a more glorious Restauration A great multitude of Provincial and National Councils have been celebrated at London in all times Long. 23. 25. Lat. 51. 34. § Boston in New England is sometimes also called New London London-Derry is a Colony of the English Planted in the County of Colâ—ain in the North of the Province of Vlster in a fruitful Soil and upon Waters that afford it great plenty of Fish of all sorts This in 1612 was made a London Colony some of the Companies in London bearing the Charge of it and one Colonel Dockwray an old experienced Commander of the English being sent with them to command govern and take care of them Being thus happily begun and a great number following the first in a short time it became the most considerable City in Vlster And being as well carefully Fortified and Garrisoned as Peopled in the time of the Irish Massacre it stood so firm for the English that no Force or Fraud of the Irish could expel them The Irish had reduced them to great extremity in 1649 but one Owen Row Oneale in time frustrated their Attempts and relieved the Town when it was just upon the point of being starved into a Complyance See Derry Longford a Town and County in Ireland in the Province of Leinster The County has Connaught on the West Vlster on the North Letrim and Roscomen on the West and Mayo on the South The Town is small and stands upon the North Side of the River Long where it falls into the Lake of Eske Longland an Island in the Baltick taken from the Danes by the Swedes in 1657. Long Meg and her Daughters a Trophy in the County of Cumberland erected at Salkeld on the River Eden It consists of seventy seven Stones each ten foot above ground but the highest is fifteen foot and this by the Inhabitants has the Name given it of Long Meg. Longouy or Longwy a Town in the Duchy of Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar in the Confines of Luxemburg five Leagues from Montmidy to the East and the same distance from Luxemburg to the South lately fortified by the French Longtown a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in Eskdale Ward Longueil a Town in Normandy near Dieppe giving its name to an honorable Family Longueville a Town in the Paix de Cauxe in Normandy which had the honour to be erected from the Title of an Earldom into a Dukedom in 1505. by Lewis XII K. of France Loon Loen Lon Los a River in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Earldom of Loots called by these various Names by the Germans Dutch and French Lopski Lopia a part of Tartary on the East of Moscovy beyond the River Ob which is subject to the Russ but lies in Asia between Siberia and Baida two other Provinces of that vast Empire Loquabre or Lockabre a County in Scotland called by Latin Writers Abria and Loquabria it lies on the West of Scotland towards the Hebrides written by the Scots Loch Quaber and bounded on the North with the Ocean and the County of Ross on the East with Murray and Athole on the South with Perth Menteith and Loune cut off from it by the broad Tay and on the West with the Ocean There are some Castles but never a Town or City of any Note in it Lorain Lotharingia Austrasia is a Dukedom belonging to Germany of late seized by the French King and therefore by Baudrand made a part of France Bounded on the East with Alsatia cut off by the Mountain Vauge Vogesus and the Dukedom of Bipont or Westreich as the Germans call it on the South with the County of Burgundy or the Franche Compté on the West with the River Maes which parts it from Champagne and on the North with Luxemburg Metz Verdun and the Land of Triers This Country is in length about four days Journey in breadth three much overgrown with Woods very Hilly and Mountainous being a part of the once vast Forest of Ardenne It was given by Lotharius the Emperor to his second Son Lotharius and from him took the Name of Lorain or as others write it Lorraigne This happened about the Year 851. Others say it took this Name from the Father and not from the Son about the Year 843 but all agree that from Lotharius this County was called by the Germans Lotreich by the Dutch Lot-reigne i. e. the Kingdom of Lot and from hence of later times by the Germans Lotthiringen by the Inhabitants Lorrain by the French Lorain The first of these Dukes of Lorain was Charles right Heir of the Caroline Line of France but excluded defeated and taken Prisoner by Hugh Capet His Advancement was from Otho II. Emperor of Germany about the Year 981 being the Son of Lewis IV. of France and of Gerbage an Aunt of the said Otho From this Charles the present young Duke of Lorain is Lineally Descended being the thirty fourth
then a Marquisate It now makes a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia and is supposed to take its name from the River Morawi Morave or die Mahr Morus or Marus arising near to Altstadt in Bohemia and joyning with the Danube at Haynbourg in Austria being the same River with the precedent Morava The Capital of it is Olmutz and the other principal Towns are Brin Iglaw and Znaim It is a fruitful and pleasant Country extremely well improved Morbiban Morbibanum a large Haven on the North side of the Lesser Bretagne in France seven Leagues from Port Lovis to the East and near Vannes Above thirty small Islands lye in the Gulph of this harbour The Morduates a Province in the North-Eastern Parts of the Empire of Russia towards the River Rha between the Czeremisses to the East and Wolodimera to the West It is a Country of great Extent and made terrible by its vast unpassable Woods and Forests More or Moore an Episcopal City in the County of Mayo in Connaught in Ireland Morea Peloponnesus a celebrated great and fruitful Peninsula of Greece of about five hundred and fifty Miles in circuit It s extent from Corinth in the North-East to Cape Sapienza in the South is one hundred and fifty Miles its breadth from Cape di Schilli to Cape Tornese on the West one hundred and seventy five Containing the Provinces of Romania Sacania Belvedore and Clarentia and the famous Cities of Corinth Coron Clarenza Patras Misitra Nauplia c. It s principal Rivers are the Orfea and the Iris or Basilipotamo Its Mountains Mynthe Stymphalis Pholoe Lyceus c. are mentioned in the Writings of the Ancients This Country was first intirely conquered by the Macedonians after the Death of Alexander the Great then by the Romans under L. Mummius about one hundred and forty six years before the Birth of our Saviour when Corinth the then Capital of this Province was intirely ruined In the later times of the Greek Empire it had Despotes or Princes of its own who were subject to the Emperors of Constantinople the last of which Thomas Palaeologus was driven out of his Dominions by Mahomet II. in 1543. Ever since it has been in the Hands of those Destroyers of Mankind But in 1685 the Venetians began the Reconquest and in 1687 were intirely possessed of it excepting only Malvasia by a wonderful Revolution And in September 1690. they recovered Malvasia also Moret Murittum a Town in the Territory of Gastinois in the Isle of France upon the River Loing adorned with the title of an Earldom A Synod was held there in 850. Morgaâ— Margus a River of Bactria a Province of Persia which springing from the Mountains of Chorazan and flowing through the Country called by their Name falls into the River Obengir which ends in the Caspian Sea Morin Muera a River of France in the Province of Le Brie which watereth Colomiers Coâ—lumbaria and Cressy then falls into the Marne beneath Meaux this is called the Great Morin to distinguish it from another which falls into the Marne in the same Province beneath La Ferte sous Jovare to the West of Meaux Morini a People of Gallia Antiqua mentioned by Pliny and Virgil. The latter styles them Extremique hominum Morini c. It is supposed with greatest probability that they dwelt in the now Dioceses of S. Omer Boulogne and Ypres Morlaix Morlaeum Mons relaxus a City in the Province of Bretagne upon a River of the same Name which has a Harbor on the North Shore of that Province It stands about two Leagues from the British Sea and forty from Rennes to the West over against Plymouth There is â— Fort built to secure the Passage of the River in an Island of the River The Town stands upon an Hill betwixt two Plains and shows the Ruines of an old Cittadel Mormandes Milmandra a River of France in Le Berry Morpeth a considerable Market and Borough Town in the County of Northumberland upon the River Wensbeck The Capital of its Ward fortified with a Castle returning two Members of Parliament and giving the Title of Viscount to the Earl of Carlisle Mortagne Moritania a small Town in the Territory of Tournaysis in Flanders at the Confluence of the Rivers Escaut and Scarpe towards Valenciennes two or three Leagues from Tournay It has formerly been fortified § Also a large handsome and populous Town in the Vpper Perche in France towards the borders of Normandy upon a Stream which there begins to form the River Huisne This Mortagne is now adorned with a Castle § There is a third of the Name in the Province of Poictou towards the Confines of Bretagne at the reception of the Loing by the River Seâ—â—re Nantoise Mortain Moritonium Moritolium a small Town in Normandy near the River Ardee towards the Confines of La Mayne betwixt Auranches and Domfront which by Henry I. King of England and Duke of Normandy was given with the Title of an Earldom to his Nephew Stephen Blois afterwards in 1135. King of England whose second Son william enjoy'd the same Title in the next Succession But William died without Issue This Town by ancient Custom in publick Processions carries a naked Sword in the place of a Standard Mortanâ— Mortana a River in Lorain Mortara or Mortare Mortaria Pulchra Sylva a strong great populous Town in the Dukedom of Milan upon the River Gogna four Miles from Vigevano to the North-West ten from Novara to the South-East and twenty four from Pavia to the West Anciently called Bella or Pulchra Sylva the Beautiful Wood but upon the great Slaughter of the Lombards by the Forces of Charles the Great when he took Desiderius their King Prisoner in 774 it took the Name of Mortara which signifies Slaughter or Death This Town was taken by the French in 1658. and put under the Duke of Modena In 1660. it was upon a Peace restored back to the Spaniards It is the Capital of the Territory of Lumellina Le Moruan Morundia Morvinus tractus a mountainous Tract or Territory in the Dukedom of Burgundy of small extent and its Limits not well known Mor Verridh the Welsh name of the Irish Sea Mosa the Meuse See Maes Mosambich Mosambica a City of Zanguebar on the Eastern Coast of Africa in an Island near the Continent at the Mouth of a River of the same name which there falls into the Aethiopick Ocean To this City belongs a strong Castle and a safe Harbour all in the Possession of the Portuguese Long. 63. 40. South Lat. 14. â—â— Moscow Moscoua Moschia the Capital of the Empire of Moscovy or Russia called by she Inhabitants Mosqua by the European Strangers Moscow by the Poles Moscouf by the Germans Moscaw One of the greatest Cities in Europe extremely frequented on the score of Trade and the common Residence of the Great Duke or Czar of Moscovy It stands upon a River of the same name which a little more to the East falls into the Occa or
and with it into the Ocean Seyde Sidon by the Germans called Said is a City of Phoenicia in Syria upon the Shores of the Mediterranean North of Tyre about a League distant from the remains of the ancient Sidon Sister to Tyre in the Scripture for its Sins and the Punishments of them A populous City full of Merchants and Artisans of all Nations driving a great Trade in Cotton and Silk The Franciscans Capuchins and Jesuits have each their Chappels the Turks seven or eight Mosques and the Jews one Synagogue here The Maronites of Mount Libanus and the Armenian Greeks enjoy the like Liberties Without the City appear many Gardens of Oranges Citrons Tamarines Palm-trees and the Fig-trees of Adam so called because bearing a Leaf of the length of six foot and the breadth of two Adam it is supposed covered his nakedness with them It hath two small Fortresses but so far ruined as to remain indefensible The Turks keep a a Sangiack here under the Bassaw of Damascus a Cady or Judge and an Aga of the Janizaries The French a Consul All which Officers are handsomely lodged the rest of the Houses are ill built The Harbor formerly was capable of receiving many and great Vessels but is now choaked with Sand to that degree as to admit only of Skiffs whilst Ships lye in the road behind the Rocks for Shelter In the Christian times it was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tyre The Eutychians held Council here of twenty four Bishops in 512 under the protection of the Emperour Anastasius In 1260 the Tartars became Masters of it from whom the Turks obtain'd it about one hundred and fifty years since There is now a Caemetery upon a part of the Mountain Antilibanus in the place where the Old Sidon stood for the use of the Christians of Seyde And the Maronites have a poor Chappel by it Seyne See Seine ◠Sezza Setia a City of Campagna di Roma in Italy of good Antiquity mentioned by Martial It is said to have sometime been a Bishop's See though not now Du Val places an Epispocal City of the same name in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Sfacchia Leuci a Range of Mountains in the Territory of Cydonia on the West side of the Island of Candy which gave name to the Sfacciotes who signalized themselves by their valiant resistance against the Turks when they endeavoured the ravishing that Island from the Seigniory of Venice of late years Shaftsbury Septonia a Town upon the Stoure in the North-East Borders of Dorsetshire towards Wiltshire seated in the form of a Bow on an high Hill which affords it a serene Air and a large delightful Prospect but deprives it very much of Water In the times of the Norman Conquest it had one hundred and four Houses and after this ten Parish Churches now three with about 500 Houses built of the Freestone of its own Hill Some write King Canutus the Dane died here This Town was built by King Alfred in 880 as Mr. Cambden proves from an old Inscription mentioned in William of Malmesbury In 1672 Charles II. created Anthony Ashley Cooper then Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Shaftsbury who died in Holland and his Son succeeded him in this Honour Shannon Shennyn or Shennonon Senus Sinejus a River in Ireland which is one of the principal in that Kingdom It ariseth in the County of Roscomon in the Province of Connaught out of Mount Slewnern and flowing Southward through Letrim forms a vast Lake called Myne Eske and Ree towards the North end of which on the East side stands Letrim in the middle Longford towards the South Ardagh on the West side Elphem and Roscomon and at some distance from the Lake to the South Athlone Beneath which comes in from the West the Logh a vast River from three other Lakes more to the West called Garoch Mesks and Ben-Carble on the East it receives the Anney so passing by Bannogh and Clonfort to the Lake of Derg at Kiloe it leaves that Lake and passeth to Limerick where it turns full West and between Munster to the South and Connaught to the North enters the Vergivian Ocean by a Mouth five Miles wide between Cape Leane and Cape Sanan having in this Course separated Leinster and Munster from Connaught Shap a large Village in the County of Westmorland in Westward near the River Lowther in which in the Reign of Henry I Thomas Son of Jospatrick founded an Abbey and the same was the only Abbey in this County There is near this Town a noted Well which ebbs and flows often in a day and a perfect Bow of vast Stones some nine foot high and fourteen thick pitch'd at equal distances from each other for for the space of a Mile Sheale a Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester-ward upon the Mouth of the River Tine The Newcastle Coal-Fleet takes its Cargo here Sheffield a large well-built Market-town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the hundred of Strafford upon the River Dun of particular note for Iron Wares even in Chaucer's time who describes a Person with a Sheffield VVhittle by his side It shews the ruines of one of the five Castles formerly seated upon the same River Dun in the compass of ten Miles Corn especially is much bought up here for the supply of some parts of Derby and Nottingham shires as well as Yorkshire Shefford a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Clifton situated between two Rivulets which below it join to fall in one Stream into the Avon Sheppey Shepey Toliapis an Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent at the Mouth of the Thames and Medway Separated by the River Medway from Kent and on all other sides surrounded with the Sea About eight Miles long and six broad Fruitful in Pasturage and well watered especially on the South by Rivers The Danes Earl Goodwin his Sons and their Adherents much harassed it in former times Queensborough is its chief Town it hath several other Towns besides and hath been honoured with the Title of an Earldom in the Lady Dacres Countess of Shepey Shepton-Mallet or Malley a large Market Town in Somersetshire in the hundred of VVhiston Shipton a Market Town in VVorcestershire in the hundred of Oswalderston upon the River Stower It stands in a slip of the County taken off from VVarwickshire Shirburne Clarus Fons a Town and Castle in the North-West of Dorsetshire on the Borders of Somersetshire upon a River of the same Name which afterwards falls into the Parret the Capital of its Hundred Built on the side of an Hill in a fruitful and pleasant Country and much increased in the number of its Inhabitants and its Wealth by the Cloathing Trade In 704. a Bishop's See was erected here translated afterwards to Sunning and thence to Salisbury The Family of the Digbys Earls of Bristol are Barons of Shirburne § Also a Market Town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of
of Oesel in the Baltick Sea Sonnemberg a Town in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh in Germany near Poland to the East Sor or Soro a River in the Kingdom of Portugal which divides Alentejo from Extremadura and falls into the Taio at Salvaterra nine Miles above Lisbone Sora a City of Latium upon the River Garigliano now a Bishops See in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is under no Archbishop It has a splendid Castle honoured with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the Family di Boncompagno and slands fifty five Miles from Rome to the East and ten from the Lake di Celano Fucinus to the South § This is also the name of a City in the Island of Scelandt in the Baltick Sea belonging to Denmark which has an University in it founded by Frederick II. and re-established by Christian IV. Kings of Denmark Soracte a Mountain in the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy consecrated to Apollo in the Heathen Ages there It is now called Monte di S. Silvestre Soratoff Soratovia a City in the Kingdom of Astracan upon the Wolga in the middle between Casan to the North and Astracan to the South Lat. 52. 12. in a great Plain The Inhabitants are all Muscovites See Olearius Pag. 162. Soraw Sorava a small City in Lusatia the Capital of the Lower part of that Province and under the Elector of Saxony It stands in the Borders of Silesia two German Miles from Sagan to the West and five from Crossen to the South often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Sorge Sorgue Orge Sorge Sulga Sulgas a River of Gallia Narbonensis which ariseth in the County of Vendosmois in Provence and falls into the Rhosne above Avignon but very near it at a Town called Pont-Sorge Soria Syria Soria Numantia Nova Soria a City of New Castile not above one League beneath the Ruins of the ancient and celebrated Numantia seated in the Mountains well peopled and having belonging to it a very large Jurisdiction It stands twelve Leagues from Baubula to the South-West and eight from Tarazona to the North-West Soritae an ancient people mentioned by Pliny as neighbouring upon India and living altogether upon Fish Sorlings See Silly-Islands Sorrento Sorriento Surrentum Surentum a City in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Achbishops See in the Terra di Lavoro on the Bay of the Hither Principato twenty four Miles from Naples to the South It is seated in a fruitful Plain and though very ancient being mentioned by Pliny and Livy yet in a good Estate Long. 38. 20. Lat. 40 33. Sosteropolis Soteropolis a ruined small City which stood near Nicomedia in Bithynia in Asia Minor where according to Zoneras died Constantine the Great of Poyson Soubiac or Sublac a small Town in Campagna di Roma in the Dominions of the Pope It stands upon the River Teverone and is noted for an Abbey of the Order of S. Benedict who did himself choose a Retreat here Souilly or Seulley a Town in the Dukedom de Bar in Lorain Soul Sous a Kingdom in the East part of Biledulgerid in Africa under the King of Marocco Soule a Territory in the Pais des Basques in France Honoured with the Title of a Viscounty The chief Town in it is Mauleon de Soule Soumel a Town in the Kingdom of Bengale in the Empire of the Great Mogul towards the Ganges The Sound See Sund. Sour See Tyre Soure Sura a River in the Dukedom of Luxemburg called by the Germans Saur by the French Soure It ariseth near Bastoigne eight Leagues from Luxemburg and being increased with some smaller Rivers watereth Dietkirch beneath which it receivs the Vr from Viande to the North then passeth to Echternach and Wasser-bilch where it falls into the Moselle two Leagues above Trier to the South Souri a Province of Turcomania in the Lesser Asia Sourie the same with Zurich Souriquois a Tribe of the unconquered Salvages of New France in North America Souristan the same with Syria Sousos a people of Nigritia in Africa Souster Susa the Capital of Chusistan in the Kingdom of Persia one hundred and eighty Miles from Bagdad to the East now in a flourishing State Southampton Clausentum Antonia Magnus Portus Trisantonum Portus a small City in the County of Hamshire seated on the West side of the River Anton or Hampton which comes from Winchester and here falls into the great Bay of South-hampton ten Miles from Winchester to the South This was a Roman Fort called Clausentum and ruined by the Danes in 980. Also plundered and burnt by the French under Edward III. and rebuilt in the Reign of Richard It is a strong rich populous well traded City fenced with a double Ditch strong Walls and many Turrets for the Defence of the Haven it has a strong Castle built by Richard II. The Haven is capable of Ships of good Burthen up to the Key and lies opposite to Jernsey Garnsey and Normandy There are now five Parish Churches in this City Henry VI. granted it a Mayor and made it a County in 1067. Beauvois of Southampton that celebrated Warriour was its first Secular Earl in 1538. The Bishops of Winchester being before reputed to be Earls of Southampton and so styled in the Statutes of the Garter made by Henry VIII Willam Fitz William Lord Admiral in 1547. Thomas Wriothsley Lord Chancellour was created the third Earl by Edward VI. to whom succeeded three of his Posterity The last died in 1667. In 1675. Charles II. created Charles Fits Roy eldest Son to the Duchess of Cleaveland Baron of Newbery Earl of Chicester and Duke of Southampton Southwark a large Borough in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Brixton opposite to London on the other side of the Thames and under the Jurisdiction of the Lord Mayor of London yet enjoying several ancient Privileges peculiarly to it self and represented in the Lower House of Parliament by its own Burgesses In the number of Inhabitants and Buildings it exceeds most Cities notwithstanding its Losses by many great Fires S. Thomas's Hospital founded by the Citizens of London stands here Southwell a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Thurgarton of good Antiquity upon a Rivulet falling not far off into the Tren◠Adorned with a Collegiate Church Southwould Sowold or Swold a small Corporation and Sea-Port Town in the County of Suffolk famous for the many Rendezvouzes of the English Fleets when ever we have had any Wars with the Hollanders especially for two great Naval Victories obtained against them in the Bay of this Town the first June 3 1663. the second May 28. 1672. Both under the Conduct of King James II. as Lord Admiral of England under his Brother Charles II. of Blessed and Pious Memory It is a strong and pleasant Town in the Hundred of Blithing upon a Cliff with the Sea to the East the River Blithe over which there is a Draw-Bridge to the West and a Bay of its own name to the
Champagne sixteen from Reims North and four from Marle South often mentioned on the account of a Peace here made between Henry IV. of France and Philip II. of Spain May 2. 1598. Uerâ—lam Verolamium an ancient Roman City and Colony mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy in Hartfondshire the Royal City of Cassibellanus a British Prince contemporary with Julius Caesar by whom this City was taken fifty two years before the Birth of our Saviour in his second Expedition into Britain In the year of Christ 66. it was taken and intirely ruined by Boadicia Queen of the Iceni and all the Romans put to the Sword yet it recovered again and flourished as long as the Romans continued in Britain and under Dioclesian had one famous Martyr called Albanus In 429 there was a British Synod held here by S. German Bishop of Auxerre in France against the Pelagians Soon after it fell into the Hands of the Saxons I suppose about 465. Retaken by Vthe Pendragon who began his Reign in 498. and Reigned eighteen years Again retaken by the Saxons and intirely ruined In 975. Offa King of the Mercians built on the other side the little River Ver which washed the Walls of it a goodly Monastery in Honour of S. Alban which after became a great Town K. James I. revived the Memory of this place when he made Sir Francis Bacon then Lord Chancellour of England Lord Verulam in 1620 who dying without Issue the Title failed but he yet honors the place by lying buried in a little Church near it Veruli or Veroli Verulum a City in Campania di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope which is a Bishops See and now in a tolerable condition upon the River Cosa forty eight Miles from Rome to the South and from Capua to the North sixty from Pescara West Vesere See Weser Vesle Vidula a River of Champagne which ariseth three Leagues from Chaalons to the East and watering Reims falls into the Aisne Vesoul Vesulum a small but neat City in the Franche Comté nine Leagues from Besanzon and thirteen from Beaucaire West Now in the Possession of the French Vesprin Vesprinum Vesprimium a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Vesprim by the Germans Weisbrun It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran. The Capital of a County of the same name strong and populous and defended by a Castle Seated on the River Sarwize eleven German Miles from Gran South and five from Alba Regalis West This has been in the hands of the Emperour ever since 1565. Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes betwixt Dauphine to the West and Piedmont to the East Now called Mont viso The River Po derives its head from it Vesuvius a Vulcanoe in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples eight Miles from the City Naples near the Castle of Somma from which last place the Italians give it the name of il Monte di Somma The particular times of its overflowing with stormes of fire are all recorded in History since our Saviour and the Reign of Augustus viz. in the years 81. 243. 421. 985. 973. 983. 1036. 1038. 1138. 1139. 1430. 1500. 1631 1660. 1682. Where the Intervals sometimes continue two or three hundred years at others not above one two and ten In its last rupture in 1682. Aug. 14. it covered the whole Dukedom of Massa adjacent with ashes of a nauseous odour and set on fire the wood of Otajano The twentieth it caused an Earthquake of three hours continuance which reached to Naples The twenty second it cast forth floods of smoak ashes coals attended with a roaring noise Flames Earthquake and Thunder the Flames ran from it unextinguished in the midst of vast storms of Rain filling Naples with Ashes And on the 24th it ended in a cloud of white ashes Before the Reign of Augustus we read of its ruptures five times The Elder Pliny was suffocated as he searched the causes thereof upon the place Veteravie See Weteraw Veuxin Vexin Velocasses a Territory in Normandy betwixt the Rivers Apte and Ardelle the Capital of which was Roan but now Gisors § There is another in the Isle of France of the same name between the Oyse and the Apte the Capital of which is Pontoise This for distinction is called Vexin Francois and the other Vexin Normand § There is a City of the same name in Gothland in the Kingdom of Sweden Vezelay Veseliacum Vizeliacum a City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in Auxerre upon the River Curez in the Borders of Nivernois ten Leagues from Auxerre to the South eighteen from Nevers to the South-East and five from Corbie in Picardy to which Province this City is now added P. Eugenius III. celebrated a Council here in 1145. for the recovery of the Holy Land Vgenti Vgento Vxentum a small City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Otranto to the North-West and eleven from Gallipoli to the East Long. 42. 28. Lat. 39. 56. Vgogh Vgoza a County in the Vpper Hungary towards the Tibiscus and the Borders of Transylvania The Capital of it is a Castle of the same name Two German Miles from Zatmar to the East and a little more from the Tibiscus W. Viana a City in Navarre upon the River Ebro thirteen Leagues from Pampelune and seven from Calahorra in Castile to the South-West Built by Sancius King of Navarre in 1219. In 1423. made a Principality by Charles III. and ever after given to the Prince of Navarre as his Title Viatka a City River and Province in Muscovy one hundred and twenty Miles from Cazan to the North. Viburg Viburgum a City in Sweden the Capital of Carelia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Riga one hundred and sixty Miles from Narva to the North upon the Bay of Finland on which it has a Haven and a strong Castle The Muscovites have several times in vain assaulted it Vicenza or Vincenza Vicentia Vicetia Vincentia a City in the States of Venice in Lombardy which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja a great strong City under the Republick of Venice upon the River Bachiglione Eighteen Miles from Padoua thirty from Verona East and from Feltria South Taken by Maximilian in 1509. Long. 33. 40. Lat. 44. 50. It was inhabited anciently by the Euganei The Gauls were Benefactors to it The Romans and the Lombards possessed it each in the times of their Power It fell to the Venetians not till after great revolutions and divers Wars The pleasantness of its situation gives it the Title of the Garden of Venice It is the Capital of the Territory of the Vincentine In 1583. and 1623. Synods were assembled here Vich Vicus Aquae Voconiae Ausa Nova Corbio a small City in Catalonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated upon the River Tera twelve Leagues from Barcellone to the North and nine from Girone to the West In 1627. a Synod was
and Brutality here that the Evils of England have been occasioned by nothing more than a false fear taken at their Names His other Character of the People of England is that they are Enemies to Strangers For which I never could learn a better Argument than that of Mons Sorbieres see Dr. Sprats Observations upon the Voyages of Mons Sorbiere because he was rudely called Monsieur and not respected in the quality of Historiographer Royal to the K. of France by the Children and Schoolboys of Dover For long before the reception of the French Protestants the numbers of Strangers at Norwich Canterbury and London were computed to be more than constantly resided at any twenty Cities either of France or Spain or Italy Virtue Merit and Civility in Persons of a Foreign Country like the Commodities imported thence charm the hearts of the English and have a greater value set upon them than the equal products of our own So far are we from being inclined to be Enemies to Strangers that we are ambitious to be Friends to Strangers even till we are Enemies to our selves It is for their benefit that in the Court of Admiralty we constantly retain the use of the Civil Law and have enlarged it with the addition of those admirable Laws of Oleron published by our King Richard I. which have equalized the Fame and Justice as to Marine causes of the ancient Laws of the Rhodians And how very careful both our Common and Statute Laws are in doing the exactest justice in all Pleas betwixt Strangers and Denizens or the King and Strangers I need only appeal to the Inquest of Medietas Linguae given by the Statutes of the 27. and 28. of Edw. III. Another Part of his Disgraces of the People of England is their Pride and Negligence want of Industry and of a Genius to Works and Manufactures occasioned by their relyance upon the fertility of their Country I must observe he joyns their Pride and want of Industry very ill together For if ever they pretend to be proud of any thing it is of the Effects of their Industry and the Works of their Hands Their Plantations in the West-Indies and Commerce thither Their African Levant East-Indian Russia Groenland Hudsons Bay Spanish French Hamborough and Merchant Adventurers Companies for other Foreign Commerce At Home their Inclosures and Tillage the New Rivers of the Fenns the Coal Mines of the North the Lead Mines of Derby and the Tin Mines of Cornwall the Orchards of Hereford and the Plough-lands of other Counties Their Manufactures in Clothes Stuffs Linnen Iron Copper c. The Quantities of their Commodities transported yearly beyond Sea Their Discoveries in the Mechanick Arts and their Perfection in the Learned Their Books in all the Faculties and Sciences upon all sorts of Subjects Their Restauration of London in three years which was supposed to be the Work of an Age Their Ships of Trade and War their Riches their Knowledge their Power by Land and Sea All these as they are the undeniable Demonstrations of a most Ingenious and Industrious People from the meanest to the highest quality so they are justly verified of the English in the view of the World Who notwithstanding insult over no Foreign State neither detract from the Praises of any greater Trade But if they value and caress themselves upon the happy Effects of their Industry it is a Virtuous Pride that is so well grounded When Monsieur Sorbiere travelled into England he could not but take notice of the Convenient form of the Bridge at Rochester for being so contrived that the Mens Hats cannot be blown over it We have altogether as worthy an Observation here of Mons Morery that the Men of Letters in England often compose their Works with a Pipe of Tobacco in their hands Whereby I truly with regard both to the English and French Men of Letters am as fully satisfied that the Fancies of particular Persons and sometimes of Nations are unaccountable as when I remember that the sage and noble Egyptians of old and from them the Israelites set such a high value upon Garlick and Onions as to honour them with a place in the number of their Titular Deities For if any English Man of Letters is so addicted to the Weed to write and smoak together yet the Fancy of Monsieur Morery seems no less unaccountable first to employ his Observation upon such trivial and insignificant particulars and next to print them in a Voluminous Work amidst the general Character of one of the most illustrious Kingdoms in the World If all the rest of his Geography had been conformable to this of England there had been no occasion to use him in an unpleasing Labour that hath happened to be obtained from me Particularly as to his own Country he spares no Pains nor Eloquence to adorn it And to be sure he suppresses the ancient Glory of the Atchievments of the Victorious English in France as much as possibly he can Indeed the Interests of the French Crown and the Use that Mons Pompone made sometime Secretary of State to Lewis XIV of the Obligations he laid upon the Author are visible not in that only but in the great care that is taken in rehearsing the Titles Pretences and Dependences of the Crown of France as if they did desire to entitle it to all the Ancient Gallia according as it was bounded in the times of Julius Caesar I have followed him throughout his four Tomes from Place to Place leaving his Adulterinae Meroes the Infinite Trash that is in him as undisturbed as Ashes of the Dead to take what is purely Geographical and Chronological proper and easie and short according to the Quality and Genius of the following Dictionary Which is therefore in this Edition not only enlarged with the Antient Geography and all such other Descriptions of Places as occur in the French Work above what it was possible to contain in the Editions of this Dictionary in lesser Volumes and also with some Improvements made in the Geography of England in the like manner But I have further taken care to supply the Defects of the Descriptions themselves in those Editions with whatever accrued that was really necessary to suggest a more perfect knowledge of each Respective Place The Duodecimo ascribed to Monsieur Du Vall Geographer to the French King and printed the fourth time in English 1681. with the Title of a Geographical Dictionary was rather a Geographical Nomenclature than a Dictionary It was Begun to be made properly into a Dictionary by Mr. Edmund Bohun at the Perswasion and Charge of the Proprietor of the Copy And undoubtedly whatever the Faults of Mr. Bohun's Octavo are yet it will always remain an useful Book and a light Companion as he proposeth for Travellers when such is the Necessity and Pleasure of a piece of this Nature in the hands of all that the very Nomenclature of Du Vall is entertaining still But the advancing of this Work
their Ships near the Castle of Bugia which plaid upon him with their Cannon This last Victory reduced those Pirats to beg a Peace which with the English they have kept the better since The French Fleet commanded by Marescal D'Estree discharged 10420 Bombs into the Town in July 1688. whereby above two thirds of it were destroy'd also 5 Ships in Port belonging to the Government there were sunk or burnt The Algerines enraged thereat shot off the French Consul at the Mouth of a Cannon with several poor Captives which was revenged by the French upon three Algerine Officers they had brought in custody with them whom they shot to death and put their Bodies upon a Hurdle of Planks to be driven ashoar to warn their Countrymen of the effects of their Cruelty This Town is seated 100 Miles from Sally right over against Minorca Long. 20. 15. Lat. 32. 45. Algher Algaria Corax a City of Sardinia call'd by the Spaniards Alguer it stands on the Western Shoar of that Isle in the Northern part of it This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sassari from whence it is dist 16 Miles to the South The Bishoprick was translated from Orana hither by Julius II. in 1504. Algow Agovia a County of Schwaben a Province of Germany It is bounded on the North by the Danube and by the Lech on the East by the Lake of Constance by the Territory of Hegow to the West and by the Earldom of Tirol to the South In this County lie the Marquisate of Burgow Ausburg and several other considerable Cities and Towns Alhama Artigi a City of the Kingdom of Granada seated upon steep Hills which was the place of delight to the Moorish Kings of Granada it lies 7 Leagues from Granada North-West called in the latter Maps Alcala-real Alhilet Sin a Desert of Arabia Alibaluch an Island in the Caspian Sea over against the Province of Taristan in Persia under the King of Perse Alicant Alonae a Port of the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain on the Mediterranean Sea 10 Leagues from Murcia to the North-East and from New Carthage now Valentia 14. the Bay that comes up to it is now called the Gulph of Alicant Alicate a Town upon the Coast of Sicily Alifa Allipha a City and a Bishops See under the Archb. of Benevento in the Terra di Lavoro in Naples upon the River Voltorno Almost ruin'd Fabius Maximus gain'd a Victory over the Samnites here Aliola a small Island between Africa and Madagascar called in the Maps Alion Alize or Alise Alexia a place in the Dutchy of Burgundy now ruinous formerly famous for the Siege it endured against Jul. Caesar Alkebulan one of the Names by which Africa is called Alla a River in the Ducal Prussia in Poland Allatur a Town in the Kingdom of Cazan in Moscovy upon the River Cama Alleburg a small Town upon the River Alla in the Ducal Prussia in Poland Allelujah a remarkable Monastery in Aethiopia so called from the continual singing of Allelujahs in it Allemaign See Germany Allendorf a small Town in Germany under the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel upon the River Wertz 5 Leagues from Cassel Allere Allera a River in the Lower Saxony which rises in the Dutchy of M gdebourg and passes through that of Lunebourg by Zell and Ferdin to joyn the Weser Allersberg a small Market-Town on the West of the District of Newmarckt in the upper Palatinate it belongs to the House of Newburg Allia a River of the Province of Sabina in Italy See Aia. Allier Elaver a River of France which riseth in Languedoc in the Territory of Guivandan in the Village of Condress at the foot of Losere the highest of the Mountains of Cevennes then running to the North it watereth and divides the County of Auvergne as likewise that of Bourbon where it slides by Moulins and a little beneath Nevers falls into the Loire Allobroges an antient People of the Province of Narbona in Gallia Transalpina so called from the River Labroya upon the Banks of which they had their Habitations at first according to Viterbius They assisted the Carthaginians against the Romans In the Year of Rome 632. the Romans overthrew them under Cneâ—â— Domitius Aenobarbus and Fabius Maximus whence the latter obtained the Title of Allobrogicus Allyn a great Lake in the County of Kildare in Ireland Almagra a Village in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain remarkable for being the Birth place and giving Name to Diego Almagra Pizarro's Comerade in the discovery of Peru in 1525. These two perfidious base-born Vilains taking up Arms afterwards against each other Almagra became Pizarro's Prisoner and was kill'd by Pizarro's Brother Almaguer Almagra a small Town 20 Leagues from Popayan in the Southern America Almedine a Town sometime rich and populous and the Capital of the Province of Duguela in the Kingdom of Marocco but now ruin'd Almeria a City and Port in the Kingdom of Gâ—anada which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Granada seated upon the Mediterranean having its Name from Amalricus a Gothish King who built it it is distant about twenty Miles from Granada South-East § There is another Town of the same name in new Spain with a good Port upon the Gulph of Mexico called also Villaricca and by the Indians Naothalon from a River of that name Almina Abyla a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary near the Mouth of the Streights of Gibraltar or the entrance of the Mediterranean supposed to be one of Hercules's Pillars Almisâ—a Almisum Dalmatium by the Sclavom ans called Omisc is a City in Dalmatia upon the Adriatique under the Turks It was sometime a Bishops See before it was united to the Archbishoprick of Spalatro Almo a Rivulet in Campagna di Roma which falls into the Tibur at Rome The Priests of the Goddess Cybele used to wash the Victims that they Sacrificed to her in these streams Almondbury Camulodunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West-Riding seated upon the River Calder about 7 miles from Halifax to the South-East which was once a famous Roman and Saxon City now a Village Almoravides a People near Mount Atlas in Africa who Possessed themselves of the Kingdom of Fez in the year 1052. Almouchiquois Savages of New France towards the River Covacourt and the Isle of Bacchus Almunequar a Town in the Kingdom of Granada Alnewick a Market-Town in Northumberland on the River Alne Alaunus which gives name to it and soon after falls into the German Ocean William the Lyon King of Scots fought a Battle here with the English in the Reign of Henry II. and was taken Prisoner Alney Isâ—e a small Island near Glocester made by the Severn Here Edmond surnamed Ironside one of the Saxon Kings of England fought a single Combat with Canutus the Dane an Invader in the view of both their Armies After which they agreed to reign in Conjunction each in his part dividing the Kingdom betwixt them Aload one of the
this County Angola a Kingdom in Africa upon the South of the Kingdom of Congo Angote a City and Kingdom in the Upper Aethiopia Angoulesme Engolisma is an Episcopal City in Aquitaine in France under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux it stands upon the River Charme which falls into the Ocean right over against the Island of Orleron There is belonging to it also a Dukedom which is bounded upon the North with Poictou upon the East with Limosin upon the South with Pericort and upon the West with Xantogn This Dukedom is call'd by the name of Angoumois Angra the chief City of the Island of Tercera and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbon Anguien Enguien Angia a small City in Hainault between Mons and Brussels It has the Honor to give the Title of a Baron to the Princes of the House of Bourbon Anguilla is one of the Caribby Islands planted by the English it lies in 18 deg 21 min. Nor. Lat. and 330 of Longit. in length about 10 Leagues in breadth 3. formerly call'd Snake Island from its shape The Tobacco of this Island is well esteemed Anguillara a Town and Lake in the Padouan in the States of Venice § Also a Town in the States of the Church upon the Lake of Bracciano Anhalt a City almost ruin'd and a Principality but little considerable in the Upper Saxony in Germany watered by the River Sala The House of Anhalt has possessed the Electorates of Brandenburgh and Saxony for several Ages Anian a Streight supposed to be between Asia and America but could never yet be discovered where or whether there be any such Passage or no It is thought to lie North of China and Japan and to disjoyn the Eastern part of Asia from the Western part of America Anianâ—u a City in the Province of Chuqnami in China Aniava Aniwa a Promontory discovered by the Hollanders in the Terra de Jesso to the North of Japan Anigre Anigrus a River of the Morea Animacha a River arising in the Kingdom of Callecutt in the East-Indies which falls into the Ocean six Leagues off Cranagor giving its Name to a Town in its way Anjou Andegavia is one of the noblest Dukedoms of France bounded on the East with La Beausse on the West with Britain and part of Poictou on the South in part by Berry and in part by Poictou in which Circumference are included Anjou Tourein and Maine This Country is for the most part very fruitful and pleasant especially in Tourein and along the Loire Anjou properly so call'd is seated between Tourein and Maine and was so call'd from the Andegavi the old Inhabitants of it Henry II. King of England was Earl of Anjou by Inheritance from his Father as he was K. of England by Maud his Mother Daughter to Henry I. King John his Son lost it and ever since it has been annexed to the Crown of France or given to the younger Sons of that Royal Family Anna. See Ana. The Name also of a Town upon the River Astan in Arabia deserta Annaberg a City of Misnia in Germany upon the River Schop near Marienberg Annacious Annacieugi a People of Brasil in America towards Porto Seguro Annagh a Town in the County of Cavan in Vlster in Ireland § Another in the County of Down Anneci Annecium a neat City in Savoy with a Castle It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Geneva seated upon a Lake of the same name where the River Tioud issueth out of the Lake at the foot of the Mountain Saymenoz heretofore greater but now it is little and not well inhabited tho the See of the Bishops of Geneva has been translated thither above 100 years In this place resteth the Body of S. Francis de Sales who was Bishop and Prince of Geneva near the time of the Reformation of Calvâ—â— This City is 6 Leagues from Geneva South Annibi a Lake of North Tartary in Asia where there are Mountains of the same name Annobon an Island upon the Coast of Guiney 10 Leagues in circuit towards the Isle of S. Thomas The Portuguese gave it that name because they discovered it upon a New-Years Day Annonay Annonaeum Annoniacum a City with the Title of a Marquisate in the Province of Vivarets in France upon the River Deume Anone Anonium or Roque de Non a Town in the Milanese in Italy upon the River Tanaâ—â— almost ruin'd Anossi Carcanossi Androbeizaba a Province of the Isle of Madagascar There are some Colonies of French in it Anot a small City of Provence in France Anoth one of the Scilly Islands Anpadore Cataractus a River of Candia Ansa a River in the Province of Friuli in Italy It passes by Aqueleia to the Adriatique Ocean Anse a small City in the Province of Lyennois in France 4 Leagues from Lyons Made a Roman Garrison in the time of Augustus who gave it the name of Antium Ansene Angria a small City in Aegypt 20 Leagues from Cairo near the Nile Ansianactes a People of the Western part of the Isle of Madagascar Ansiquains Ansicani a People of Abyssinia commended for their Fidelity and Honesty Anslo or Opslo Anslooa a City of the Province of Aggerhuys in Norway with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim seated upon a Bay of the same name 35 Miles from the Baltick Sea Northward it has a Castle near it call'd Aggerhuslo This City was miserably ruin'd by Fire in the Reign of Christian IV. who rebuilt it in Anno 1614. and call'd it Christianstad from his own Name In this City were celebrated the Nuptials of James I. King of England with the Lady Ann Daughter of Frederick II. King of Denmark Novemb 23. 1589. It stands 56 German Miles from Stockholme Weâ—t Anspach See Onspach Antavares a People on the South part of the Isle of Madagascar The French had settled themselves amongst them and were afterwards Massacred by them Ante Anta a River in Normandy which washeth the Town of Failaise and 3 Leagues lower falls into the Dive which last falls into the British Sea 4 Leagues East of Caen. Ante Anta a small Town and Port in Guiny in Africa 3 Leagues from the Cape of Three Heads East Antego one of the Caribby Islands plac'd in 16 d. 11. â— of Northern Lat. and 339 of Long. inhabited by the English for some years and is about 6 or 7 Leagues in length and breadth difficult of Access and not much stor'd with Springs which the Inhabitants supply by Ponds and Cisterns Antequera a small ill built City of New Spain in America 80 Leagues from Mexico which in 1535. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico by Pope Paul III. § Also a small Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Old Spain Antessa Antissa an antient City in the Island of Lesbos which was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mitylene Ovid speaks of it as also the antient Geographers under the notion of its being it self an Island in
Brietius Ardee Ardea a River of Normandy which falls into the British Sea at Auranches near the Limits of the Dukedom of Britain Ardee or Atherdee a small Market-Town in the County of Louth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland King James II. lay encamped upon the Plains here with an Army of 20000 Men whilst the Duke of Schomberg and his Forces were so strongly entrench'd at Dundalk who not accepting of a Battle when it was presented by King James both the Armies retired soon after without fighting into their Winter Quarters November 1689. Ardembourg or Rodenbourg Ardenburgum a Town in Flanders Taken by the Hollanders in 1604. One League from Sluys Ardennes Ardenna Sylva call'd by the Germans Ardenner-waldt and Luitticher-waldt is the greatest Forest in all the Low-Countries it reacheth above 100 Miles in length as this day extending itself through the Dukedom of Luxemburgh the Bishoprich of Liege the South part of Henalt and to the Borders of Champaign it is taken notice of by Cesar and Tacitus Ardes a Tract in the County of Down in Vlster in Ireland upon the Lake of Coin in the form almost of a Peninsula Ardesche a River of the Province of Vivarets in France It passes by Aubenas to the Rhosne into which it discharges itself near S. Esprit and separates Languedoc from Vivarets Ardfeart a Town in the County of Kerry in the Province of Munster in Ireland Ardila a River of Spain whichriseth in Andaluzia and dischargeth itself into the Guadiana below the City of Olivenza in Portugal Ardmonack is a Territory in the County of Rosse in Scotland belonging to the Royal Family of Scotland Charles I. as second Son to King James I. had the Title of Baron of Armonack given him at two year of Age. Ardrach a Town in the County of Longford in the Province of Connaught in Ireland Ardres Ardra is a little but well fortified Town in the County of Guienne in Picardy in France it stands in the Marshes in the Borders of Artois three Leagues from Calis toward the South and a little more from Gravelin Francis I. and Henry VIII King of England had an enterview with each other near this Town in 1520. Both Courts appearing so magnificent that they call'd the place a Field of Cloth of Gold In 1596 Cardinal Albret took it for the Spaniards who did not keep it long § Also the Name of a Kingdom and City in Guiney in Africa Ardret Ardrathen or Ardrat Ardatum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh in the County of Kerry in Ireland Are Arus a River of York-shire It arises upon the Borders of Lancashire and falls into the Ouse below York Arembourg Areburium a Town of the lower Germany lately adorn'd wiah the Title of a Principality it lies between Colen to the North and Treves to the South upon the River Aer 7 German Miles from Juliers to the South and 4 from the Rhine West Arequipa one of the most considerable Cities of Peru in America upon the River Chila 7 Leagues from the South Sea 70 from Cusco And a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima with a commodious Port. It is made rich by the Silver Mines of the Andes that are found within 14 Leagues of it In 1582. an Earthquake as the Country here is very subject to them almost shook it to peices In 1600 the Vulcano which stands by it broke out into terrible Flames They did use to bring the Treasure of Potosi hither but the difficulty of the Road has driven them to Arica Arestinga Liba an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Provinces of Kherman and Dulcinca in Persia Arethusa a City of Syria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Apamea § Another in Macedonia by some call'd Taino and Renina upon the Bay of Contessa § Also a Lake in Armenia Major near the source of the River Tigris Arezzo Aretium a City and a Bishops See immediately under the Pope in Tuscany in Italy Famous in the time of the old Romans Arg Argus a River of Swabia in Germany Passing by Wangen it afterwards falls into the Lake of Constance Argan a Town in New Castile in Spain A Council here held in 1473 enjoyns every Bishop to say Mass thrice and simple Priests four times at least a year and that none be preferred to Ecclesiastical Dignities who understand not Latin It seems the Learning and Devotion of that age went toutes par la main Argens Argenteus a River of Provence in France It arises from three several Sources then falls into the Ocean near Frejus Agentan Argentomum Argentomagum a City of Normandy in France upon the Vrne Argenten a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France upon the Creuse Argentor a River in the Province of Angoumois in France falling into the Charente at Porsac Argentrevil Argentolium a small Town three Leagues from Paris There is a Priory in it dependent of the Abby of St. Denis Argile Argathelia a very large County in the Western parts of the Kingdom of Scotland upon the West of Dunbritaine Frith This was the first Country the Scots who came out of Ireland possess'd themselves of as is shewn by Camden out of Bede First also made a County or Earldom by James II. King of Scotland who invested Colin Lord Campbell with the Title of Earl of Argile in regard of his own and of the worth of his Family which is deriv'd from the antient Princes of this Country They have also saith Camden been made Lords of Lorn and for a good while General Justices of Scotland but the two last Earls were unfortunate Anginuses an Island of Greece where the Athenians under Conon obtained a great Victory over the Lacedemonians in the Year of Rome 347. Argipeeni an antient People of Sarmatia They never would go to War with their Neighbours Arglas is a small Town in the Province of Vlster in the County of Down in Ireland with a Haven belonging to it The Lord Cromwel of Oakham is Earl of this place Argonne a Territory part in Champagne and part upon the Borders of Loraine in France Beaumont and Clermont stand in it Argos the antient capital City of a Kingdom of the same name in the Morea now call'd the Province of Romania This Kingdom was Founded by Inachus contemporary with Moses or 346 years before him in Eusebius's Calculation It continued 546 Years then changed into a Republick which maintain'd several Wars with the Grecians The City has been first an Episcopal and next an Archiepiscopal See In 1383 the Venetians bought it In 1463 the Turks took it In 1686. General Morosini reduced it under the Venetians again Argos Amphilogium was a City of Epirus ruin'd long ago § There was another of the Name in Thessalia in Macedonia call'd now Armiro Argow one of the four parts of Switzerland taking its name from the River Arg upon the Borders of Constance Arguin Arguinum a small Island with a Fort upon
was created Earl of Bath in the 19th of Charles I. Aug. 13. 1643. His Father Sir Bevil Greenvil having been slain at Landsdown near this City by the Rebels It stands 15 Miles East of Bristol Long. 20. 16. Lat. 51. d. 21. m. Bathon a Valley in Macedonia where the Antients believed the Gyants Combated with the Gods Pausanias says they used to represent the manner of this Fight in some Sacrifices Baticala a small City of the East-Indies the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name the Prince whereof is a Tributary to the King of Bisnagar tho it is very small yet it has a capacious Haven § There is another of the same Name in the Island Ceylan which is the Capital of a Kingdom there and lately fallen into the Hands of the Hollanders Baticano a Promontory in Calabria in the Maps sometimes call'd Vaticano Battel a Town in Sussex Remarkable in the English History for the Victory of William the Conquerour here obtain'd over King Harold Octob. 14. 1066. In memory whereof he built an Abbey of the Name call'd Battel-Abbey It is a Market-Town in Hastings Rape Batter a large Province in Asia heretofore call'd Bactriana which see Batta a Province of the Kingdom of Congo in Africa Batten or Button an Island in the Indian Ocean to the West of the Island of Macassar Los Batuecos a People in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain inhabiting the Mountains betwixt Salamanca and Corica They are believed to descend from the Goths Bavais Bagacum Bagacum Nerviorum a very antient Town in Hainault in Flanders about 4 Leagues from Valenciennes and 6 from Mons. It was twice burnt in the last Age and repair'd again The Cerque Aqueduct and Inscriptions here are sufficient marks of its Antiquity It stands upon the little River Osneau Bavari Boij Bojares the first of the antient Germans that passed the Alps and fixed their Standards upon the Banks of Tiber. They carried their victorious Arms even into Greece beyond the Hellespont These were the antient Inhabitants of Bavaria See Bavaria Baudisten a Town in Lusatia a Territory belonging to the Elector of Saxony between Misnia and Bohemia where the Governour resides Bauge a small Town in Anjou in France where Charles VIII then Dolphin obtain'd a signal Victory against the English commanded by the Duke of Clarence who was there slain in 1420. It stands 3 Leagues from La Fleche upon the River Covesnon Built by the old Earls of Anjou § Another in the Province of Bresse in the same Kingdom giving the Title of a Marquess besides its Name to a Family who have been the Sovereigns of Bresse above 400 years In Latin Balgiacum the other Balgium Baugenci Balgentiacum a Town upon the Loyre In the Province of Orleans betwixt Blois and Orleans In 1152. a Council here Assembled to take Cognisance of the degree of Parentage betwixt Lewis VII King of France and Eleanor his Wife Dutchess of Guienne Daughter to William X. the last Duke of Aquitain which said Degree of Parentage rendred their Marriage nulland void from the beginning pronounced sentence of Divorce betwixt them whereupon the said Princess remarried to Henry Duke of Normandy afterwards Henry II. King of England and in her Right Aquitane fell to the Crown of England In 1428. the English took Baugenci under the Command of the Earl of Salisbury but abandoned it to the French the the Year after For some time it continued under particular Sovereigns who bought and sold it till the Year 1543. by arrest of Parliament it was united to the Demains of the Crown of France Baulme a Town in the higher Burgundy or Franche Comte 2 small Leagues from hence you see a natural deep and spacious Cave in the Earth which furnishes the Country with continual Ice in the Summer and in the Winter flows with Water Bauman a vast Cave in the County of Regenstein in the lower Saxony where they find numbers of Bones of divers Animals and sometimes of Men as big as Gyants Bautrey a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Strafford Bautzen Budisinum the principal Town of Lusatia in Germany seated upon the River Sprew 7 Leagues from Dresden East This place being attacked by the Duke of Saxony in the Year 1634 Goltz the Governor for the Emperor firing the Suburbs to give the Enemy a stop the fire in the confusion seized the Town and burnt it all down many Persons perishing in the Flames This place was thereupon left to the Elector of Saxony who is still possessed of it but before it was a Free and Imperial City Bayonue Baiona Boiatum a very large rich strong City seated upon the River Adour about 2 Leagues from the Sea in the Confines of the Kingdoms of France and Spain honored with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ausch and has a large Haven on the Brittish Sea It stands 6 Leagues from the Confines of Spain 7 from Dax to the West and 30 from Bourdeaux to the South There was a famous Congress in this City between Charles IX with Catharine de Medices his Mother and Elisabeth Sister of Charles Wife to Philip II. King of Spain in which an Agreement was closely made between the two Crowns to ruin the Protestant Religion both in France and the Low Countries which was followed by Rivers of Human Blood shed on that account this was in the Year 1566 and mentioned by Thuanus and Grotius § Also a Town in the Kingdom of Galicia in Spain near the mouth of the River Minho which falls into the Atlantick Ocean betwixt it and Lima. Baux a Town in Provence in France giving the Title of a Marquiss it is situated upon a Rock with a good Castle thereto near Arles There is an illustrious House of this Name in Provence and it is uncertain whether that has denominated the Castle of Baux or the Castle it Babaria called by the Germans Beyeren a Dukedom in Germany the second Circle in the Empire having its name from the Avares a People of the Huns who possessed this Country It is also call'd Bojaria from the Boii of France who once dwelt here And in the times of the Roman Empire Noricum Bounded on the North by Franconia on the West by Schwaben on the South by the Italian Alpes and on the the East by Austria and Bohemia Before the Treaty and Peace of Westphalia it had lesser Bounds but then it was not only raised in Honor the Duke of Bavaria being made the VIII Elector but enlarged as to its Extent This Country had Kings after it was Conquered from the Romans to the times of Arnolphus the Emperour and S. Lewis is said to have declared his Son Lewis King of Bavaria in the Year 817. From those times to ours they have had Dukes the first was Arnolphus slain by the Normans about the Year 891. The greatest part of this Country is Fruitful and well cultivated and has many noble and stately Cities the principal of
that in 1623. there were said to be 3000 English Inhabitants called Bermudas from the Spanish and Summer Islands from the English Discoverer Bermet a City of the hither East-Indies supposed by Castaldus to be the Barbari of Arrian Bern Berna a great and well built City of Switzerland which has its name from a Bear and carries a Bear for its Arms. Built by Bertoldus Duke of Zeringhen in 1191. upon the River Aar which falls into the Rhine at Waldhust a Town of Schwaben and adorned with a Library and an Arsenat that deserve to be remembred It is the cheif City of the Canton of Bern which is one of the largest Cantons and was added to the rest in 1353. To look a little back into the antient History of this City it obtained the right of an Incorporated City from the Emperors Henry IV. and Philip II. Confirmed by Frederick II. it continued under the Empire till 1228. and then put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Savoy In 1241. it had an unfortunate War with Gothofredus Duke of Habspurg whereupon in 1243. they made a League with Freiburg as also for ten Years with Wallisserlandt in 1251. In 1287. this City was besieged by Rodolphus of Habspurg They suffered much also from Albertus who had a set Battle with them near their Walls in 1291. wherein they lost many Men but had better Success against the Earl of Savoy the same year In 1346. they renewed their League with Freiburg after which followed the Perpetual League in 1353. whereby it obtained the second place amongst the Cantons In 1528. it imbraced the Reformation and thereupon passed a Law against mercenary Service in foreign Wars It stands about 13 Miles from Bazil to the South 4 from Freiburg to the North and about 20 from Geneva to the North-East This Canton is so well replenished with Gentry handsom Towns good Castles and Villages that you may compare it almost to one continued City and as for the Civil Government of it it is managed by two Councils of Senators under a Chief whom they call in French an Avoyer in German Schaltesch which last is an old Word in the Laws of the Lombards See Doctor Burnett's Letters Bernards Castle a Market-Town in Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon the River Tees which takes its name from a Family that first came into England with the Saxons Bernbourg a small City in Germany in the Upper Saxony in the Principality of Anhalt upon the River Saaldar Sala 4 German Miles from Magdebourg towards the South and as many from Dessaw to the West It is dignified with the Title of an Earldom and the Seat of a Castle Bernich Berenice a City of Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea mentioned by Ptolemy and Pliny but called Hesperia by Mela one of the 5 Cities in Pentapolis between the Promontory Boreum now il Capo di Teiones upon the greater Syrtis and the City of Arsinoe to the East It had its antient name from Berenice the Queen of Ptolemy the third King of Egypt as Solinus saith Bernstadt Bernardi Vrbs a Town in Silesia in the Dutchy of Olss in Germany upon the River Veid or Veida 3 or 4 Leagues from Breslaw Beroa Berrhaea believed to be the modern Aleppo was a famous City amongst the Antients reedified by Seleucus Nicanor and sometime an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch See Aleppo § Also an antient Town in Macedonia near the River Lydius Berry Bituricensis Provincia Bituriges a Dukedom in France bounded on the North by Sologne on the East by Nivernois and Bourbone on the West by Poictou and part of Tourein and on the South by Limosin The Principal City of this Province is Bourges divided into 2 parts by the River Chur a rich fruitful and populous Province The antient Inhabitants are famous in History for the 2 Colonies of Gauls they transmitted into Germany and Italy under the Command of Segovesus and Bellovesus both Nephews to Ambigatus King of Gallia Celtiqua in the time of Tarquinius V. King of Rome for from the Conquests by them made proceeds the Division of Gallia Transalpina and Cisalpina See Gallia Bersheba or Beerseba an antient City of Palestine by the way of Gaza to which Abraham and Abimelech gave this name because of the Covenant they there mutually ratified by Oath with each other Gen. 21. 31. It fell afterwards by Lot to the Tribe of Simeon Josh 19. 2. and committed Idolatry with the Apostate Tribes as we collect from Amos 5. 5. and S. Jerom. in loc Some take it to be the same now with Gibel Bertinoro Bretinorium Petra Honorii a City in the Province of Romagna in Italy with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna hither removed from Forlimpopoli It s Situation is upon a little Hill in the Borders of Tuscany near the River Renco S. Bertrand de Cominges Convenae seu Lugdunum Convenarum a City of France at the foot of the Pyrenean Mountains upon the River Garonne in the Earldom de Cominge which was destroyed by the Franks under King Guntchramnus in 584 but rebuilt by S. Bertrand in 1100. and from him in after times it had its present name It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Auch 25 Leagues from Thoulouse to the South and 55 from Bourdeaux to the South-West Berwald a Town beyond the River Oder in the New March in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh remarkable for the Treaty celebrated here in 1631. betwixt the Crowns of France and Sweden and the Princes of Germany Berwick Burcovicum Bervicium Teusis a Town in Northumberland situated upon the North side of the River Twede the most Northern Town in the Kingdom of England and saith Camden the strongest hold in all Britain It stands upon a Promontory so that it is almost totally incompass'd with the Sea and River Delivered up to Henry II. by William King of Scotland as a Pledge for his Ransom being then a Prisoner in England restor'd again by King John upon repayment of the Mony Edward I. in 1297. retook it After this it was won and lost divers times till in the Reign of Edward IV. Sir Thomas Stanley made a final reducement of it to the Crown of England The English Princes have fortified it but especially Queen Elizabeth who Walled it anew within the old Wall and added Out-works after the later Modes by which it was made incredibly strong Henry II. built the Castle and other of our Princes the outward Wall so that all its Works are owing to the English After a long Peace in 1639. this Town saw the English and Scotch Encamped under her Walls again in opposition till a Peace was concluded there Jane 17. However I find before the end of the War they were possessed of it and quitted it Feb. 17. 1646. March 12. 1686. King James II created Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son Duke of Berwick Ehis Town lies in Long. 21. d. 43. m. Lat. 55. 48. and sends 2 Burgesses to the
Lorrain upon the Frontiers of Germany Bitetto a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bari It is but small and indifferently Peopled Betwixt Bari and Bitonto Bithynia a celebrated Province of Asia Minor where stood the famous Cities of Nice and Chalcedon Heraclea and Apamea c. Heretofore a Kingdom which ended in the Person of Nicomedes IV. when dying without Issue he nominated the Romans his Heirs in the Year 679. that is 75 years before the Birth of our Saviour It lies towards the Euxine Sea and the Archipelago And now call'd Chintale Bito one of the Kingdoms of Nigritia in Africa separated from the Kingdom of Benin by the Mountains with a capital City of the same name Bitonto Butuntum a City of the Territory di Bari in Apulia in Italy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari 5 miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea towards the South and 8 from Bari to the West it lies in a very fruitful Plain in pretty good esteem and indifferently well Peopled Also adorn'd with the Title of a Marquisate Bitsin Bitisinum a Town in Silesia where Sigismund King of Poland besieged and took Maximilian Arch-Duke of Austria his Competitor in the Kingdom of Poland Prisoner in the Year 1578. and after upon the Intercession of Rodolphus II. and his renouncing of his pretence to Poland released him Bivar a Town of Hungary upon the Save Bivoras Salsum a River of Andalusia Bizano a Kingdom of Ethiopia divided from the Kingdom of Gojame in the same Region by the River Nile Blackburn a Market-Town in Lancashire near the River Derwent the capital of its Hundred Black Sea See Euxine Sea Blandiac a Town in the Diocese of Vsez in the Province of Languedoc in France Blanford a Market-Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Pimpern upon the River Stower Blankeberghe a Town and Port with a Castle in Flanders 2 Leagues from Bruges and thereabouts from Ostend Blanmont or Blamont Blamontium a Town in the Dukedom of Lorain upon the River Voiziere giving the Title of an Earl Formerly Fortifi'd At present in a low condition Blansac a Town in the Province of Angoumois in France upon the River Nai situated in a fruitful Soil betwixt Valette Bonteville and Angouleme Blavet a River of Bretagne in France giving Name to the Town Blavet see Porto Loüis and passing Pontivi and Hennebont falling into the Ocean at Porto Louis Blaye Blavium Blavutum a well fortified Town of great importance in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the River Gironde 6 Leagues from Bourdeaux The Gironde is a name they give the Garonne after its reception of the Dordogne Since the year 1475. by the order of Lewis XI the Foreign Vessels going up to Bourdeaux use to leave their Artillery here In the Civil Wars of France This Town was first taken by the Huguenots then by the Leaguers who held it out against a Siege in 1593. tho the Spanish Fleet coming to their assistance was defeated by the Marshal de Matignon Bleking a Province in Sweden yielded to them by the Danes in 1658. at the Treaty of Roskill It lies upon the Baltick Sea and was heretofore remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom Blemyes Blemiae an antient People of Aethiopia reduced under the Roman Empire in the time of the Emperour Marcian Fabulously reported to have their Eyes in their Breasts from nothing but an ill custom of holding down their Heads too low Blene a fruitful Country in the antient Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor watered by the River Amnias Mithridates King of Pontus defeated Nicomedes King of Bethynia here who thereupon retired into Italy Bletterans a Town in Franche Comtè upon the Borders of the Dutchy of Burgundy and the River Seile about 9 Leagues from Dole and Chalon Heretofore Fortifi'd now without Walls Bliburg or Blithborough a small Town in the County of Suffolk upon the South side of the River Blithe which a little farther falls into Southwold Bay In this Town Anna a Christian King of the East-Angles lies buried who was slain by Penda King of Mercia in a set Battle together with Ferminus his eldest Son in the year 654. Henry I. King of England founded afterwards a Priory of Black Canons But that being demolished the Town fell to ruin and is now a very small Place Blith a Market-Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Bassetlaw Blois Blesae a Town in France and Capital of a County call'd Le Blois it is well built and populous upon the Loire which is here passable by a Bridge of Stone it has also a Castle lately repair'd by Gaston Duke of Orleans The Kings of France have frequently retired hither to enjoy themselves by reason of the pleasantness of the situation of it and the Magnificence and Elegance of the Buildings Lewis XII was born here in the Year 1461. Ann his Queen died here in 1514. also Claude the Queen of Francis I. in 1524. and Catharine de Medices the Relict of Henry II. in 1589. Here was also that famous Assembly of the States of France in which by the order of Henry III. Henry Duke of Guise was Assassined together with the Cardinal his Brother which caused the Murdering of that Prince soon after by James Clement a Dominican Fryar in revenge of it This place lies between Tours and Orleans The County de le Blois is bounded on the East by the Dukedom of Orleans on the West by Tours on the South by Berry and on the North by Beausse Blonicz Blonicum a City or very great Town of the Kingdom of Poland in the Confines of the Province of Mazowski 7 Polish Miles from Warsaw towards the West built all of Timber Bobio Bobi Bobium a City in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Genoua It takes its situation upon the River Trabia and its Original from an Abby founded here in former times by S. Columbanus Bocchara a River of Bactria Bochir Canopus a City of Egypt upon the Western Branch of the Nile where Claudian the Poet was born 25 Miles East of Alexandria Bochar or Buchar Bochora and Buchara an antient and a stately City of Asia in the Province of Mawaralnahra call'd by the Romans Trans Oxiana Regio a days Journey beyond the River Oxus this City was the Birth-place of Avicenna the famous Arabian Physician and Philosopher who flourish'd in Spain in the X. Century He is said to have been the first that settled the true method of Physick by the many Books published by him he was born in 992. and died in 1050. Bodegrave a Town in Holland upon the Rhine 3 Leagues from Vtrecht Made remarkable by a Battle here fought betwixt the French and Dutch in the Year 1672. Bodmin Voliba or Voluba a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Trigg which returns Two Burgesses to the Parliament It
it afterwards in 1544. and kept it all his Life Edward the VI. in the Disorders of his Minority sold or surrendred it to the French again for a much less sum of Money than it cost the Crown of England to gain it The Bishop's See was translated hither from Tournay when the English took that City It lies in Longitude 22. 42. Latitude 50. 30. § Also a small Town in the Province of Gascoigne near the River Gers upon the borders of Bigorre Le Boulenois or the County belonging to Bologne lies in the North part of the Province of Picardy bounded on the West by the British Sea on the North by the County of Guisnes on the East by Artois and on the South by the County of Ponthieu from which last it is separated by the River Canche This County was once an Earldom of it self during which time it gave one King to England and another to Jerusalem Godfrey III. was the latter and King Stephen of England the other it continued so till Bertrand de la Tour the last Earl of it in 1477. sold it to Lewis XI of France who with mighty Ceremony did homage to the Virgin Mary and made her some Promises which his Successors never thought of keeping as may be seen in Dr. Heyli's Cosmography The Bolognese a Territory adjacent to the City of Bologna in Italy generally epitheted la Grassa from its Fruitfulness Dove si legano le vigne con salsâ—ccie where the Vines are tied up with Sausages says the Proverb Bolsena Volsinium a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy which was the seat of a Bishop untill the Translation thereof to Orvieto It gives Name to the Lake Bolsena in which the Island of Matana stands where the Queen Amalazonte was put to death by the ungrateful Theodatus Bolsover a Market-Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale The Duke of Newcastle has a Seat here Bolswert or Boleswart a Town in West-Friâ—sland in the Earldom of Holland about 3 Leagues from Leeu Warden Bolton a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford with the Title of a Duke of late to the Lord Marquess of Winchester Bolzano a small Town in the Vicentine in Italy under the Republick of Venice upon the River Adige Others place it in the Trentine and say it is a very Trading Place Bombon a Province of Peru in the West-Indies towards the River Xauxa Bommel Bommelia an Island beautified with a fair Town in the Dutchy of Guelderland The Town stands upon the River Maes two German Miles from Boislâ—duc towards Vtrecht and belongs properly as a Fee to the Dutchy of Brabant in the Confines of which it is but it is under the Vnited Provinces In 1672 it was taken by the French and deserted the next year after they had dismantled it The Island in which it stands is about thirteen Miles in length and lies between the Wael to the North and the Maes to the South call'd by the Dutch Bommelweert Some take it for the Insula Batavorum of Cesar Bon Bonna Ara Vbiorum and Verona Bonne is one of the principal Cities of the Bisho rick of Cologne and the usual Seat of that Elector upon the Rhine four German Miles from Cologne It was first a Roman Colony called Colonia Julia Bonna and frequently mention'd in the ancient Historians on that Account In the middle Ages it became a Free Imperial City Frederick of Austria was here elected and Crowned in 1314. against Lewis of Bavaria In 942. here was a Synod held In 1588. the Duke of Parma took it by Famine In 1673. the Prince of Orange took it from the French who had surprised it the year before and restored it to the Empire it has for a long time been exempted from the Empire and possessed by the Electors of Cologne Accordingly the Cardinal of Furstemburg in pursuance of his Election to the Archbishoprick of Cologne Jul. 19. 1688. took possession of it whose Pretences on the one side being justified by the King of France and on the other being opposed both by the Emperor and the Pope produc'd the general War that now flames among the European Princes And though Bonne in this Conjuncture was strongly inforced for its Security with a French Garrison yet after about a Months Siege by the Elector of Brandenburg with the Forces of the Allies under his Command it was obliged to surrender to them Octob. 12. 1689. This Town lies in Long. 28. 40. Lat. 50. 42. § Bonne Hippo a City of the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean famous for it's being an Episcopal See heretofore in the Person of the Great S. Austin Hippo was quite destroy'd by the Caliphr in 651. This of Bonne was built near its Ruines and call'd by the Arabians Beled-el-Vgneb by the Christians Bonne as being the best and fruitfulest Country in Barbary The K. of Tunis built it a Castle in the year 1500. Charles V. Emperor destroy'd all its Fortifications in 1535. The Turks have since repaired it and it is provided with a little Port. § Also a Town in the Province of Fossigni in the Dukedom of Savoy upon the Rivulet of Menoy or Monole 3 or 4 Leagues from Geneva supposed to be the ancient Banta Bonaire one of the Leeward Islands of America which has its name from the Goodness of the Air. Taken from the Dutch by the Buccaniers in 1686. in 12 d. of Lat. Bonconvento a small Town in the Province of Tuscano in Italy upon the River Ombrone near Siena It was here that the Emperor Henry VII was poysoned in 1313. Boncourt a Village upon the River Eure in the Diocese of Eureux in the Province of Normandy in France Strangely consumed by an unaccountable Wild-fire in the 4 years preceding 1670. Boni a Town upon the Loire between Nevers and Orleans the ancient residence of the Knights of S. Lazarus an Order now abolished in France and incorporated with that of S. Maurice in Savoy Bonifacio a City in the Island of Corsica which has a Port belonging to it Thought to be the Palla of Ptolemy It is well built and traded and secured by one of the best Fortresses in Europe The Streights betwixt the Islands of Corsica and Sardinia receive the Name of le Bocche di Bonifacio from hence which Geographers conclude to be the same with the Fretum Taphros of Pliny the Fretum Etruscum of Ptolemy and the Sinus Sardonius of Eustatius They are sometimes also called le bocche di Beixonnere Bonneval a Town in the Province of Beauce upon the Loyre in France 6 Leagues from Chartres and 3 from Chasteau dun Boâ—h its Name and Rise is come from a great Abbey of the Benedictines here Bonneville Bonopolis the Capital Town of the Province of Fossigni in Savoy about 5 Leagues from Annecy and Geneva upon the River Arve at the Foot of the Mountains and at present but little considerable Bononia in Italian
from Paris to the South near the River Allier This City was erected from a Barony into a Dukedom by Charles le bel in 1327. And its Castle is reputed a place of great Strength § The Island of Bourbon otherwise call'd Mascarenhi is an Island under the French ever since the Portugueze lost it to them in the Aethiopick Ocean to the East of Madagascar about 25 Leagues in Length and 14 in Breadth They say there is a Volcano in some part of it the rest is very fruitful Bourbon l' Ancy a Town and Castle in the Province of Burgogne in France 7 Leagues from Moulins and one quarter of a League from the Loyre It is much in Esteem for Mineral Waters which are here covered with a Noble Structure of the Ancient Roman Work This Town was never taken in the Civil Wars It gives Name to a Territory in the Diocese of Autun that is parted from the Province of Bourbonnois by the River Loyre Boyne Bouinda a River in the Province of Leinster in Ireland which runs hard by Drogheda where K. James II. and his Army being about 25000 men encamped on the South side of this River received the Defeat of Jul. 1. 1690. by K. William in Person The Duke of Schomberg was killed in the Action Burbourg Burburgus a Town in the East of Flanders not above one Mile from Graveling which was taken by the French in 1657. and has remained ever since in their Hands Bourdeaux Burdegala the Capital of the Province of Guienne and an Archbishops See the Seat of one of the Parliaments of France rich well built and populous It has a noble Haven at the Mouth of the River Garonne much frequented by the Dutch and English and all other Northern Nations for Wine Salt c. So that this City is deservedly accounted one of the best in France It is also built in a very fruitful Soil and rarely improved by Art and Industry It gave Birth to Ausonius the Poet and to Richard II. King of England It has also a very strong Castle call'd le Chateau Trompette And was an University in the times of the Romans which Honor has been reconferred upon it by Charles VII Eugenius IV. and Lewis XI since which times it has produced many very learned Men First built by the Galls improved by the Romans made the Capital of a Kingdom by the Goths It fell into the hands of lesser Lords with the Title of Counts or Earls after the times of Charles the Great United with the Dukedom of Guienne in the times of Charles the Bald. Alenora the Daughter and Heir of Lewis VII of that House being married first to the King of France and after to Henry I. of England this Dukedom was annexed to the Crown of England and continued so till wrested from them by Charles VII of France in the Reign of Henry VI. The French had indeed usurped it before upon King John but the English were not without hope of recovering it till this last mentioned time It has given some disturbances to the Reigns of Lewis IX and XIV but is now finally brought under having in 1650. been reduced by force of Arms and a Siege There has been many National Councils held here and some Provincial Synods it stands about 12 Leagues from the shoars of the Ocean upon the South side of the Garonne in the most Southern Part of France in Long 20. 10. and Lat. 44. 50. The antient Inhabitants by Pliny and Strabo have the Title given them of Bituriges Vivisci to distinguish them from those of Bourges called Bituriges Cubi Borganeuf a Town in the Province of la Marche in France upon the little River Taurion three Leagues from S. Leonard and 5 from Limoges Some are pleased to include it in Poictou Bourgen Bresse Forum Sebusianorum Tamnum Burgus a City in the County of Bresse in France upon the River Resousse 5 Leagues distant from Mascon to the East and 9 from Lyons to the North It has been under the Crown of France ever since 1601 when this whole County which before pertained to the Dukedom of Snvoy was taken in It had a strong Citadel erected in 1569 which was demolished in 1611. The City is seated in Marshes and called by some by mistake Tanus adorned with a Bishops See by Pope Leo X in 1521. but this See was suppressed again by Pope Paul III. Bourg sur Mer a Town in Guienne built upon the mouth of the Dordogne Duranium where it unites with the Garone which heretofore was well fortified it stands 5 Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North. Le Bourg de Viviers or the Bourg de S. Andeol Burgus S. Andeoli is the most populous Town in the County of Viviers seated in a Plain upon the River Rhosne 25 Leagues lower than Lions antiently called de Gentibus Here S. Andeolus a Sub-deacon suffered Martyrdom under Severus the Emperor and from him the Town has its name as appears by the Registers of this Church Bourges Bituricae Biturix Biturgium Avaricum is a very great City and an Archbishops See the Head of the Dukedom of Berry seated as it were in the centre of France upon the River Eure which falls into the Seine above Roan and naturally a strong Place It has a noble Cathedral and an University famous for the Canon and Civil Laws The Archbishops enjoyed the Title of Primates of Aquitain from the IX Century to the time of Pope Clement V. who having been Archbishop of Bourdeaux transferred the Primacy from Bourges thither Several Councils and Synods have been held here particularly in 1438. one under Charles VII recognized the famous Council of Basil and the Pragmatique Sanction which continued thence in force till suppressed by the Concordate betwixt Pope Leo X. and Francis I. in the year 1516. It is 7 Leagues from la Charite to the West 22 from Orleans to the North. Lewis XI King of France was born here Bourgogne or Burgundy Burgundia a very large Province in France divided into 2 parts the one of which is called the Dukedom and the other the County of Burgundy The Dukedom of Burgundy hath on the East the Franche County and Savoy on the West Bourbonnois on the North Champagne and on the South la Bresse Lionois and some part of Baujolois A Country not fruitful in any thing but Wines and fine Rivers This Dukedom was seized by Lewis II. upon pretence of want of Heirs Males upon the Slaughter of Charles the Hardy by the Switzers in 1467 and ever since it has been in the possession of the Crown of France The County of Burgundy hath on the East the Mountain Jour which parts it from Switzerland on the West the Dutch of Burgundy from which it is divided by the Sâ—aâ—ne on the North and a Branch of the Mountain Vauge which divideth it from la Bresse it is reckoned to be 90 Miles in length and about 60 in breadth for the most part Mountainous but fruitful of
Behat falling into the Indus have their Sources therein Long. 305. and Lat. 31. In this City their Kings resided heretofore There are two Fortresses standing in it Cabusco a Mountain in the Kingdom of Persia Cacagioni Charox a City of the Lesser or Crim Tartary Cacari a River and Town of Mongrelia Cacceres Caceres de Camarhina a City in the principal Philippine Island of Lusson or Manilha upon the Streights of Manilha with a good Port to the same and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Manilha Cacelina a City of Bithynia antiently call'd Chalcedon Cachan a large City in the Province of Hyrach in Persia 22 Leagues from Ispahan Above a thousand Families of Jews said to be of the Tribe of Juda dwell in it It is a famous Place for Brocards Cachar the Indus or great River of the East-Indies Caco Cacus Caunus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Aragon in the Confines of the Kingdom of Old Castile now call'd also Moncaio Cadenac a small Town in the County of Quercy in France upon the River Lot and the Borders of Rovergue 8 or 9 Leagues from Cahors Some take it to be the Vxellodunum of the antient Gaul which stood out the last of all their Towns against Caesar Cadillac a small Town in the Province of Guienne in France near the Garrone in a fertile Soil and adorn'd with one of the best Castles in this Province Cachieu or Sierra Liona a Sea Port Town on the Coast of Guiney much frequented by the Europeans towards the Promontory of Leaena This Place was first discovered by the Portugals in 1452. Cadiz Gades is an Island and City on the Coast of Spain in the Atlantick Ocean call'd Cadis and Cales by the English and Cadice by the Italians But small as being only 4 Leagues in length whereas it was once much greater as Pliny and Strabo both affirm It lies on the Coast of the Kingdom of Andalusia to which it is now joyn'd by a Bridge between the Outlet of the River Guadalquivir or Baetis and the Streights of Gibraltar On the Western Shoar of this Island lies CADIS which gives Name to the Island built by the Phenicians and is perhaps the oldest Town in Spain In the times of the Romans it was made a Municipal City and one of the Juridical Resorts for the Province of Baetica in which time it was thought one of the Noblest and Richest Cities in all Spain scarce yeilding to any in the Empire for Greatness Magnificence or the Number and Quality of the Inhabitants here living at one time five hundred Roman Knights which Number was not equalled in any other Place but Padua only beside the great Concourse of Merchants from all places of the World which occasioned Cornelius Balba a Native of it to build a New Town to the old one By the Moors at the Conquest of Spain it was utterly ruined and so contitinued till it was recovered from them by the Spaniards who rebuilt and fortified it and made it the Magazine for their Navies Yet it was taken by the English in one Day under Robert Earl of Essex and Sir Walter Rawleigh in which they burnt the Indian Fleet consisting of forty Sail of Ships whose Lading was worth eight Millions of Crowns overcame the Spanish Navy which consisted of fifty seven Men of War took the S. Michael and S. Andrew two great Gallions with their Lading and carried away more Martial Furniture than could be again supplied in many Years forced the Town in which they slew and took Prisoners 4000 Foot and 600 Horse and brought thence a considerable Booty in 1596. This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil. Long. 14. 10. Lat. 36. 28. Juno had a Temple formerly in her Honor in this Island thence call'd Junonis Insula and also Hercules another in which Caesar wept to reflect upon the Actions of Alexander the Great at the Age of thirty three After the Reduction of Spain by Caesar he left a Roman Colony at Cadis with the Name of Julia Gaditana The Antients believed it to be the utmost boundary of Navigation calling the two Mountains near it at the Mouth of the Streights the Pillars of Hercules Here the Spanish Gallions rendezvouse It is one of the Keys of Spain and of so very great Importance that Charles V. recommended it particularly together with Flushing in the Low-Countries and Goulet in Africa to the Care of his Son King Philip II. as absolutely necessary for the Conservation of his Empire Columella was a Native hereof with Canius a Poet mentioned by Martial I l Cadoriue the most Northern Country of all Italy towards the County of Tyrol and the Alpes contained within the Marcha Trevisana in the States of the Republick of Venice It s Capital Town is Pieve di Cadore Cadouin a famous Abbey of the Order of the Cistercians in the Province of Perigord in France where they pretend to preserve a Handkerchief of our Saviour's brought out of Jerusalem in 1105. and since visited by S. Lewis K. of France in 1269. by Charles VI. and Lewis XI as a most extraordinary Relick Caen Cadomus famous for a Bishop's See and an University on the River Orne about 4 Leagues from the British Sea 28 from Roan to the South In the year 1063. the Archbishop of Roan held a Council here in the Presence of William the Conqueror King of England who died in 1087. in the 74th year of his Age at Roan and being deserted after his Death by all his Friends and Servants was after a long time interr'd by the Monks here with small Pomp in the Abbey of St. Stephen which he him self had Founded as his Queen had done that of the Holy Trinity The University was Founded by Henry V. K. of England who took this City from the French after a sharp resistance by Storm in 1417. It s Long. is 22. 20. Lat. 49. 40. The learned Bochartus was none of the least Ornaments of this Place They bear three Fleur de Lysses in their Arms as a Token of their Fidelity to the Crown Caer-Cadon the Welsh Name of the City of Bath Caerdif See Landaff Caerick-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Caer-Leon Chester Caer-Leon Isca Legionis Legio Secunda an antient Roman Town upon the Vsk in the County of Monmouth which was once one of the Metropolitan Seats of Britain and an University till the See was removed to S. Davids The City was ruined in the Reign of Henry II. but there are still many very honourable Marks of its Antiquity and Splendor digged up here for which the Reader may consult Mr. Camden The Romans quartered the Second Legion called Augusta in it to bridle the Silures King Arthur kept his Court here It stands 9 Miles East from Landaf 21 from Brecknock South-East and 26 from Hereford South-West Newport has sprung out of its Ruins and stands a little beneath it on the Severn Caer-Lud London Caermarthenshire is one of the Twelve Counties in VVales bounded
on the East by Glamorganshire and Brecknock on the West by Pembroke on the North by Cardigan from which it is separated by the River Tivy and on the South by the Irish Sea This County is said by Mr. Camden to be very fruitful and in some places to have plenty of Coal Mines and to abound in Cattle It takes its Name from the principal City which stands upon the River Tiny about 5 Miles from the Sea called by Ptolomy Maridunum by Antonius Muridunum It was Walled with Brick in the times of Giraldus Cambrensis but was then decaying Pleasantly seated between Woods and Meadows and very venerable for its great Antiquity taken from the VVelch in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror after this by them retaken and burnt twice till being first strengthened with a Castle by Henry Turbervil an English Man and after that walled about by Gilbert de Clare it recovered something of its former Glory The Princes of VVales settling here the Chancery and Exchequer for South VVales Caernarvanshire has on the North and West the Irish Sea on the South Merioneth and on the East Denbighshire parted from the Isle of Anglesey by the River Menay All the middle parts of it are covered and filled with Mountains so that Mr. Camden calls these Hills Alpes Britannicas the British Alpes and saith they afforded the greatest Security to the Welsh in times of VVar and so abounded with Grass that they seemed sufficient alone to have fed all the Cattle of VVales The Western parts are more level and yield plenty of Barley The chief Town or City is seated in this part of the County upon the River Menay and was built by Edward I. King of England about 1283. Small and almost round but strong and defended by a beautiful Castle Edward II. was born here and Surnamed from this Town who was the first of the English Princes that bore the Title of Prince of VVales In after times these Princes setled here the Chancery for North-VVales Robert Dormer Baron of VVing was created Viscount and Earl of Carnarvan in the sourth Year of the Reign of King Charles I. who afterwards lost his Life valiantly for that Prince at Newberry in 1643. to whom succeeded Charles his Son Caerphilly a Market-Town in the County of Glamorgan in VVales where the Earl of Pembroke has a Noble Castle It is the Capital of its Hundred Caerwis a Market-Town in Flintshire in the Hundred of Coleshill Caeron a Country in Assyria where Josephus says the Relicks of Noah's Ark were to be seen in his time It produces your odoriferous Wood. Caesarea Palestina was anciently call'd the Tower of Straton But Herod the Great rebuilding it called it Caesarea in honor of Augustus It is now call'd Caisar It lies on the shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Holy Land 30 Miles to the South from Ptolemais and 45 from Jerusalem After the Ruin of Jerusalem it became the Metropolis of Palestine and the Seat of the Prefect or Governor the Bishop of Caesarea gained thereby the Authority of a Primate over the Bishop of Jerusalem and for some Ages maintained it but in after Councils the Bishop of Jerusalem was exempted and made a Patriarch several great Councils have been held here Eusebius Pamphilus the Church Historian was in his time Bishop of it Cornelius the first converted Gentile was baptized here by S. Peter S. Paul was a Prisoner here And Origen taught here But in 653. after a Siege of 7 years Muhavia a Saracen took it from the Christians In the Holy War it was several times taken and retaken till at last intirely ruined by Barsus a Saracen Long 66. 15. Lat. 32. 20. § Caesarea Magna in Cappadocia the Episcopal Seat heretofore of S. Basil See Caisar § Caesarea Philippi See Balbec § Caesarea in Africa an antient City mention'd with Honor in the Roman History upon the Coast of the Mediterranean believed to be the same with the Iol of Ptolemy Pliny and Mela. It became a Bishop's See since Christianity and likewise an University that produced divers Poets and Philosophers of Note in the time that the Arabians were Victorious in Africa In the Year 959. the Caliphs ruined it The Remains of its Walls make it appear to have been above 3 Leagues in Circuit call'd by the Africans Tiguident Caffa a considerable City and Sea-Port in Crim Tartary upon the Eastern side of the Peninsula East of the City of Crim supposed to be the Cavum of the Antients It is a flourishing Mart and furnished with a large and capacious Haven Heretofore possessed by the Genoese who saith Dr. Heylin by the Help of this Port and the Plantation they had in Pera on the North Side of Constantinople engrossed all the Trade of the Euxine Sea into their own hands In 1475. it was taken by Mahomet the Great ever since it has been in the hands of the Turks and though by them much ruin'd is still the principal Place in that Demy-Island The Turks govern it by a Bashaw they send thither and although the Tartars can possess themselves of it when they please yet they chuse rather to leave it in his hands than to take it into their own The Venetians have often sollicited a free Commerce with it for the Benefit of its Commodities but the Port has constantly refused to suffer their Vessels to pass into the Black Sea for Reasons of State They reckon about 4000 Houses of Mahometans Tartars and Christians whereof some Latins Greeks and some Armenians to the Number of about 800 who are obliged to wear a Distinction from the rest in their Bonnets Caffreria a Country of Africa of large extent It lies from the Kingdom of Angola on the North to the Cape of Good Hope and is bounded East West and South with the Ocean the South-Eastern part is very fruitful and well peopled the rest barren Mountainous and little peopled The Inhabitants are so barbarous that they are called by this Name from their rude way of living which signifies the Lawless People they were all heretofore Man-eaters and many of them continue such to this day They call themselves Hottentots Mr. Herbert an English Man who was in these Parts will scarce allow them to be perfect Men and saith they sell Man's Flesh in the Shambles They acknowledg a Soveraign Being under the Name of Humma which they adore when he sends good Weather But in cold and rainy or very hot Seasons they change their Praises of him into Complaints against him Cagliari Caralis Calaris a City of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea which is the Capital and the Seat of the Governor on the South side of the Island upon an Hill Also an Archbishop's See and an University When the Moors were Masters of this Island they ruined this City but James II. King of Aragon recovering it Anno Christi 1330. the Pisans rebuilt the Town which is now become great and rich under the Spaniards It has three
first to appear to the Blessed Virgin after his Resurrection called the Chappel of the Apparition the Rock out of which his Sepulchre was hewn and the Tomb itself illuminated with 62 Lamps that burn continually Here are the Tombs of Godfrey of Bouillon the first King of Jerusalem and Baldwin I. his Brother who succeeded him in that Crown Calvi Cales a small City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples 6 Miles North of Capoua which tho it has not much above 20 Houses is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capoua It withstood a Siege against the French and Turks in 1555. the Antients called it Cales § a Town in the Island of Corsica with a Port and a considerable Fortress to the Gulph of the same name under the Genouese Calydon an antient City of Aetolia in Greece sometime adorned with an Episcopal See and the Title of the Capital of the Country giving Name to a Forest therein § Also the antient Appellation of a part of Scotland towards the County of Perth in which Dunkeld stands see Dunkeld The same continuing to the Northern Sea to this Day Calydoni a little Castle in the Vicentine in Italy whence a Noble Family of Vicenza derives their Name Calzada Calciata a small City in old Castile in Spain once a Bishops See which is now removed to Calahorra from whence it lies 12 Spanish Leagues to the West It is sometimes called S. Domingo de la Calzada from the great Devotion of People to S. Dominick there Henry II. King of Castile dyed here in the year 1379. Calzan Calzun the Arabian Gulph Camala Emisa See Hama Camarina an antient Town of the Island of Sicily built in the year of Rome 150. according to Eusebius and long since ruined leaving only its name to a River in the same Island It s situation near the purulent Lake of Camerina obliging the Inhabitants to drain that Lake up whereby the Enemy obtained a Passage to take the Town occasioned the known Proverb Camarinam movere Camb or Kamp Cambus a River of the Upper Austria in Germany springing towards the Frontiers of Bohemia and ending in the Danube Cambaia the Capital of the Kingdom of Guzurat and a noble Port lying in a very great Bay of the same Name now subject to the great Mogul the City lies in Long 105. Lat. 22. 30. and is one of the greatest the richest the best traded Cities in the East-Indies seated in a fruitful Soil and full of People commonly called the Cairo of the Indies whence the Kingdom of Guzerate is often named the Kingdom of Cambaia It is walled with a fair Wall of Free-stone hath very large Houses straight and broad Streets greater than Surat being ten Leagues in compass and hath 3 Basars or Market places and 4 noble Tanks or Cisterns able to find the Inhabitants Water all the year tho there is 7 fathom Water in the Haven at high water yet at low water the Ships lie dry in the Sand and Mud which cover the bottom of it The Inhabitants are partly Heathens partly Mahometans And in 1638. the English had here a Factory as Mandelslo acquaints us from whom the latter part of this Description is taken Cambala a City in China See Peking some represent it to be 24 Italian Miles in compass Cambalu is the Mascovian and Saracen Name for it Peking the Indian Cambaya Camboya or Camboge a Kingdom in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Borneo bounded on the West with the Kingdom of Siam and on the East with that of Cochin It is Tributary to the King of Siam This Kingdom is almost equally divided by a vast River which in July and August overflows all the Country as the Nile doth Egypt The King of it is a great Friend to the Portuguese as he of Siam is to the Dutch Upon the most Eastern Branch for there are 3 of the River mentioned before stands Cambodia the principal City built upon a rising Ground to prevent the yearly Deluges This Kingdom is extream fruitful but not potent the King not being able to bring above 25 or 30000 Men into the Field first discoverd by Alphonso d'Albuquerque in 1511. as Mandelslo saith Cambodia lies in Long. 135. 00. Lat. 10 35. Cambray Cameracum called by the Flandrians Camerick a City of Hainault upon the Schold Guicciardin saith it is a great fair strong City and has a strong Castle built by Charles V. That it abounds in excellent publick Buildings especially the Cathedral is very great and beautiful that it is populous and rich and was a very antient Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rhemes but in 1559. exempted by Pope Paul IV. and erected into an Archbishoprick The first place the French possessed themselves of after they came out of Germany in 1445. After this it became an Imperial City and continued so till Charles V. in 1543. built a Cittadel in it and annexed it to his own Dominions The French who all along pretended a Right to it at last in 1677. took it by force after a sharp defence The Archbishops are honored with the style of Dukes of Cambray Earls of Cambresis and Princes of the Empire Cambresis is a considerable Territory betwixt Picardy Flanders Artois and Hainault extreamly fruitful and adorned with a Castle of its own Name in which Henry II. of France and the King of Spain Celebrated that Treaty of Peace in 1559. which the French say was most disadvantageous to them It lies 4 Leagues from Doway South in Long. 26. 06. Lat. 49 45. Cambria the antient Name of the Principality of Wales more especially of the Western part thereof towards Ireland Cambridgeshire hath on the East Suffolk and Norfolk on the West Huntington and Bedford on the South Hartford and on the North Lincolnshire the River Ouse divides it almost in the midst Towards the South end of the County lies the Town which gives it its Name Mr. Camden saith it is called Camboritum being seated upon the East Bank of the River Cam which is here passed by a Bridge This is one of the antientest and noblest Universities in Christendom having 16 Colleges and Halls endowed or Nurseries in it of Piety and Learning the most antient of which is Peter House founded in 1257. by Hugh Balsham a Sub-Prior before which time there was only Hostels wherein the Scholars maintained themselves This place sends 4 Burgesses to the Parliament 2 for the Town and 2 for the University It has been dignified with the Title of an Earldom in several eminent Persons and lately of a Dukedom in 4 Sons of King James II. when Duke of York who all dyed very young Long. 21. 49. Lat. 52. 30. § The English have given the Name of Cambridge to a Town in New England also situated upon the River Merrimick and beautified with several fair Streets besides 2 Colleges in which they aim at the Figure of an University Camelford a Market-Town in the County of Cornwal in
having been excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII rendred himself to the Pope's Discretion and thereupon received Absolution in the Year 1077. § This is also the name of a County in the Modenese in Italy near Parmesan Canstat a small City in the Dukedom of Wirtemburg upon the River Necker within one Mile of Stuttgard and five of Pfortzhaim to the East Cantabri an antient Valiant People of Spain being those properly of the Provinces of Guipuscoa and Biscay who withstood Augustus in several Rencounters and at last kill'd themselves rather than to submit to Servitude Canterbury Cantuaria Darvernum Dorovernia is the principal City in the County of Kent very antient and without doubt saith Mr. Camden famous in the times of the Roman Empire It stands on the Eastern Shoar of the River Stour called by the British â—uvwhern from whence it had its antient Names Being the Royal Seat of the Kings of Kent when Augustine the Monk came over to convert them it by that Means became the Metropolitan See of England The Bodies of eight Kings lye interr'd in the Cathedral as likewise the Body of Thomas Beckeâ— the famous Roman-Catholick Saint once Archbishop of this See There has been several Provincial Councils celebrated here The Coronation of King John and Queen Isabel his Wife the Marriages of Henry II. and Edward I. were all performed here Augustine the first Archbishop was consecrated in 568. Dr. William Sancroft the LXXVII in this Succession was consecrated Jan 27. 1677. It lies in Long. 24. 51. Lat. 51. 16. Two Burgesses are elected for the Parliament by the Corporation Canton a Province and City in the East of China suppos'd to be the Cattigara of Ptolemy which tho the least of their Metropolitan Cities is yet beautified with many triumphant Arches large Streets and goodly Bridges over a Navigable River running on the South side of it also fortified with deep Ditches eight Bulwarks and seated in a rich and plentiful Soil The Portugals drive here saith Dr. Heylin a wealthy Trade being permitted in the day time to come into the City but at night excluded and forced to find Lodgings in the Suburbs This City lies in Alvares Samodo's Map about Long. 125. and about 26. Lat. According to others in Long. 170.00 Lat. 24.00 See Quancheu The Switz Cantons See Switzerland Capace or Capaccio Caput Aqueum a City of the Principatus Citerior in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Salerno in the place of Pesti which was ruined by Frederick the Emperor in 1249. though since rebuilt again This City lies 22 Miles from Salerno to the South in Long. 38 52. Lat. 40. 28. Caparra Capara a City of Extremadura in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain which stands in the middle between Emerita now Merida and Placentia Cap-D-Aguer the same with Santa Cruz in Africa Capelan a Mountain in the Kingdom of Pegu beyond the Gulph of Bengala in the East-Indies A Quarry of Precious Stones of divers Colours is found within it La Capelle a Fortress in the Territory of Tierache within the Province of Picardy towards the Frontiers of Hainault built in the last Age to oppose the Incursions of the Low-Countries about a League from the River Oyse It has been many times taken and retaken Capernaum or Capharnaum the Metropolitan City heretofore of Galilee in the Tribe of Naphtali towards the Borders of Zabulon near the Mouth of Jordan and upon the Coast of the Sea of Tiberias where our Saviour first began to preach S. Matthew was a Publican here when called to be an Apostle Since Solyman reduc'd this City into Ashes it has only been inhabited by a few Moors who ask Money of the Pilgrims that goe to visit the holy Places Capes a River of the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa springing from Mount Atlas and discharging it self into the Mediterranean near a Town call'd Capes where it makes a Gulph of the same Name Caphareus a famous Promontory on the East point of the Isle of Negropont otherwise now call'd Capo del oro and Capo Figera very dangerous to navigate The Grecian Navy seduc'd by Nâ—uplâ—â—s King of Eubaea by a false Light in revenge of the Death of his Son Palimedes by Vlysses being all said to have been shipwrack'd upon these Rocks Capitanata a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which in the more antient times was call'd Apulia Daunia bounded on the North and East with the Adriatick Sea on the West with the County of Molise and on the South with the Principatus Vlterior the Basilicata and the Bariano a very fruitful well watered Country the chief City is Manfredonia The Capitol Capitolium a famous Fortress of Old Rome founded by Tarquinius Prisous in the year of Rome 139. Perfected by Tarquinius Superbus in the year 221. Burnt in the Reign of Vitellius Rebuilt by Vespasian Burnt again by Lightning under Titus and reedified with very great pomp by Domitian who constituted a Quinquennial Celebration of Games which became an Aera by the Name of Agones Capitolini after the manner of the Olympiads Jupiter had a Temple here in his honour whence they denominated him Capitolinus In this place the Christians have built a Church call'd Ara Caeli dedicated to the B. Virgin Mary Capo D' Istria Caput Istriae Aegida the capital City of the Province of Histria in Italy See Cabo d'Istria Capo Cabo cap Cape de Aden Ammonium a Promontory in Arabia Foelix next to Africa in Long. 76. 30. de Alguer Atlantis in Mauritania Tingittana de Bona Speranza of Good Hope Is a famous Promontory upon the most Southern Part of Africa first discovered by Bartholomew Diaz a Portuguese in 1487. in 32 of Southern Lat. 50 of Long. It had this name given it by Emanuel then King of Portugal because he hoped by the doubling it a passage would be open by Sea to the East-Indies as it came to pass to the great enriching of his Kingdom The Hollanders near this Cape have a settlement of about 100 Houses with a strong Fort. The Natives are divided into several distinct Nations of Cornwall or the Lands End the most Western Point of England di Corso a Promontory in Corsica di Faro Pelorum the most Northern Cape of Sicily of Farewel in Greenland di Formoso in Guinea de Sierra Liona Hesperium Cornu supposed to be the most Western Point of Africa known to the Antients 70 Spanish Leagues beyond the most Southern Mouth of the River Niger de Verde the most Western Point of Africa in the Division of Nigritia South to the Mouth of the River Senega in 14 deg of Lat. There is an innumerable number of other Capes which the Brevity of this Work will not admit The Islands of Capo de Verde are a knot of small Islands by some taken for the Hesperides by some for the Gorgades of the Antients lying demicircularly with the Points to the Sea 150 Leagues off of Cape Verde under the Portuguese but
composing in conjunction with Tangier a Bishoprick under the Arch-Bishop of Lisbonne Ceylan see Zeilan Chablais a small Province of Savoy North of the Lake of Geneva with the Province of Velay to the the East Fousigny to the South and Genevois to the West being part of the Country of the ancient Andates or Nandates and the Veragrii mention'd by Caesar The Romans call'd it Provincia Equestris and Caballica from their breeding up of Horses in it whence Chablais comes to be formed by a Corruption The famous St. Francis de Sales taking great pains to reduce the Calvinists here to their old Religion again carries therefore the Name of the Apostle of Chablais Chabli a Town in the Tract of Senonnois in France towards Auxerre and Tonnere made remarkable in 841. by a bloody Battle fought at Fontenay near it betwixt the Children of Lewis the Debonnaire Now for good Wine Chabria or Cilabro Chiabrius a River of Macedonia falling into the Thermaicus Sinus or the Gulph of Salonichi betwixt Cassandria and Salonichi Chaeronea is a City of Boeotia upon the River Cephissus on the Eastern side of Mount Helicon North-West of Athens memorable for the Ruine of the Grecian Liberty in the Defeat of the Athenian Forces by Philip of Macedonia A. M. 3612. and also for the Birth of Plutarch Now not inhabited but the Ruines are known by the former name Chagford a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Wonford Chagra a River between the South and North of America upon which the Merchandises bound for Panama and Peru do pass The Mouth of it on the North Sea being guarded by a Spanish Fort. It is thought a communication might easily be made between the two Seas by the means of this especially with other Rivers that fall into the Pacifick A Town of the same Name with it stands upon its Banks In 1670. the English Bucaniers went up it in their Canoes to plunder Panama Chaibar a River in Arabia which ariseth twenty five German Miles West of Jamama the Capital of Arabia and passing by Chaibar and Tajef falls into Eda According to some judgments this is the Chobar of the Prophet Ezekiel Chalcedon a City of the Lesser Asia in Bithynia which was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and of great Antiquity much celebrated in ancient History but now reduced to the meanness of a poor Village call'd by the Turks Calcitinâ— it stands on the Mouth of the Propontis over against Constantinople Some believe that Scutaret is grown out of the Ruines of this City This City is particularly remarkable on the account of the fourth General Council here celebrated in 451. In which it had the honour to be advanced to the Title of a Metropolitan Church According to Strabo and Eusebius this City was built in the sixty ninth year of Rome that is 685. before Christ Longitude 56. 15. Lat. 43. 15. Chalcis the ancient Name of the Island and Town of Negropont § Also a Town in Aetolia in Greece with another in Syria occurring in the Writings of the Ancients but now unknown Chaldaea and Chaldei See Curdistan Chalons sur Marne Civitas Catalaunorum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rheimes in the middle of Champagne upon the River Marne seven Miles from Rheimes to the South-East and twelve from Troyes to the North-West It is well fortified and built standing in a large Plain in which Attila lost 200000. men in a Battle with Aetius the General of the Romans Meroveus King of France and Theodorick in the year 451. The Bishops are Earls and Peers of France Chalons sur Sone Cabillonum Cabillo Aeduorum a City and Bishoprick upon the Sone in Burgundy in France 15 Leagues from Dijon to the South and the same distance from Thoulon to the West The Bishoprick is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Lyons There are numbers of Inscriptions Vessels Statues and the Reliques of ancient publick Buildings to be seen here In 1562. the Huguenots made themselves Masters of it It has been new fortified since gives the Title of an Earl and is the Capital of a little Territory called Chalonnois or la Bresse Chalonnois Chalus or Chaslus Castrum Lucis a Town in the Province of Limosin in France towards the Borders of Perigord betwixt S. Hirier and Limoges Richard I. King of England dyed of the Wound of an Arrow that he received at the Siege of the Castle of this place then belonging to Widomare Viscount of Limoges in 1199. The occasion of which Siege see in Daniel's Life of Richard I. Chamb Chambum a small Town and Territory in the Vpper Palatinate upon the River Regen seven Miles East of Regenspurgh something more than five Miles North of Straubing This Town with the Territory annexed makes an Earldom which belonged heretofore to the Count Palatine of the Rhine but by the Treaty of Westphalia was given to the Duke of Bavaria who to this day enjoys it Chambery Civaro Chamberiacum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Savoy and the Seat of the Parliament of that Dukedom It stands upon the River Laise in a Plain ten Miles from Grenoble to the North-East well built and beautified and defended with a good Castle Chambray see Cambray Chamen Vrbs Chamavorum a City of Westphalia Champagne Campagnia a great rich fruitful populous Province in France bounded by Lorain to the East the Low-Countries to the North Picardy la Brie and the Isle of France to the West and Burgundy to the South The Earl of this County being an Earl Palatine was always one of the twelve ancient Peers of France It is watered or bounded by six of the greater Rivers of France viz. the Seine the Aulde the Marne the Vere the Meuse and the Vannes The Principal Cities are Chaumont Rheimes c. Amongst which there are four Episcopal and two Archiepiscopal See Champ Arrein a small Town near Bourdeaux where Charles the Great defeated the Goths Chanad a City of Hungary See Gyngisch Changcheu two populous and Large Cities in China with Territories of the same name belonging to them having Jurisdiction the one in the Province of Fokien near the Sea oveâ— Nine the other in the Province of Nanking over Four Cities The first is watered by the River Chanâ—s the latter by the Kiang and adorned with divers triumphant Arches Changte two great Cities and Territories adjacent in China having under their Resort the one in the Province of Honan six the second in the Province of Huquang three Cities This last excels the fertility of the other Changâ—a a great City and Territory having Jurisdiction over ten Cities in the Province of Huquang in China watered with divers Rivers and Lakes The Mountain call'd Jumo yielding great quanties of Isinglass stands here Chanry or Chanonry a fine Town and Port on the Eastern Shoar of Scotland in the County of Ross on the North of Murray Fyrth Chantilly a beautiful and ancient Seat belonging to the Prince of Conde eight
Wall and has a spacious Castle on the other side of the River supposed to have risen first out of the Ruines of Venta Silurum the Capital City of the ancient Silures four Miles distant from it Cher Caris a River which riseth in Auvergne near Clermont and running North-West through Berry and on the South side of Tours a little below this last it falls into the Loyre Cherazoul a Town in the Province of Curdistan in Asia in the Road from Ninive to Hispahan of very difficult access from the manner of its construction within a steep and cleted Rock Cherbourg Caroburgus a Sea-Port in Normandy in France which has a tolerable good Harbor ten Leagues West of Constance This Town was lost by the English in 1453. Honfleur and Beaumont stand near it Chersonesus Aurea See Malaca Some believe this to be the Land of Ophir of King Solomon's time Cherry-Issand an Island on the Coast of Greenland in the most Northern part of the World discovered to us and denominated accordingly by Sir Francis Cherry There are many Mines of Lead growing in it Chertsey A Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred not far from the River Thames over which it enjoys a Bridge The unfortunate King Henry VI. was first interred without Pomp here and afterwards removed to Windsor Cherusci an Antient and Valiant People of Germany that dwelled between the Elbe and the Weser having the Catti and the Hermonduri their Neighbours to the South East and West Their General Arminius is often mention'd with honour by Tacitus Cherwell a River in Oxfordshire at the confluence of which with the Isis stands the most famous University of Oxford Chesee Povillux a Town in Champagne the Inhabitants whereof claim the privilege to assist at the Coronation of the Kings of France and to convey the Holy Ampoulle or Oil pretended to be brought by an Angel at the Consecration of the first Christian King of that Kingdom from St. Rheimes to our Ladies Church in Rheimes Chesham a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Burnham Chester Civitas Legionum Cestria is a City and Bishoprick on the River Dee in the Westernpart of Cheshire whence often call'd West-Chester with a fair Stone Bridge over that River In this City it was that 7 Kings of the Scots and Brittains by way of Homage rowed King Edgar in his Barge from S. John's Church to his Palace himself as Sovereign holding the Helm The East-gate is accounted one of the stateliest in England and the Rows or Galleries made along the chief Streets for preservation against the Rain are very particular It was an ancient Roman Town call'd by Ptolemy Devana made a Bishops See by Henry VIII who put it under the Archbishop of York The ancient Earls of Chester fortified it both with Walls and a Castle It is now at this day a fine Place with 10 Parishes in it a County Palatine and the usual passage from England to Ireland It s Long. 20. 23. Lat. 53. 11. Cheshire Cestria hath on the South Shropshire on the East Stafford and Darby on the North Lancashire and on the West Denbigh and Flintshire towards the North-West it has a Promontory that runs a great way into the Sea It abounds more in good Pasturage than Corn well stored with Parks and watered by the Rivers Dee Weever and Mersey and the Cheese of this County is thought the best of England The Earldom of it belongs to the Prince of Wales Chesterfield a Market Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale pleasantly seated between two small Rivers in a very good Soil King John made it a free Borough King Henry III. and his Barons fought that Battel hard by it in which Robert de Ferrers Earl of Derby was taken Prisoner and lost his Estate and Dignity King Charles I. advanced it to the Style and Title of an Earldom in the Person of Philip Lord Stanhop Anno 1628. whose Grandson at present possesses that Dignity Cheuxan an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Chekiang in China planted by above 70 small Towns and Villages of the Chinese Chewton a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred also written Chewton-Mendip Chiampana Ciampa a Kingdom of the further East-Indies between Couchin-China Cambaja and the Mare Sinicum Pulocacien is the principal City of it Chiamsi a Province towards the South of China Chiangare See Galatia a Province of the Lesser Asia Chiapa a Province of New Spain in America watered by the Rivers Gryalva and rio blanco and for many Ages past inhabited by 4 different Nations of Indians It s Capital City is Civdad Real Chiarenza a Town in the Morea fifty five English Miles from Patras to the South It is a Sea-Port-Town Chiaromonti Claromons a considerable Town in the South-East part of Sicily in the Valley of Netina amongst the Mountains about forty Miles from Pachino to the West Chiavari Clavarum Claverinum a small but well inhabited Town upon the Coast of Genoua near Rapello in Italy towards the fall of the River Layagna The Genouese are said to build it in 1167. and after it had been ruined to rebuild it Chiavenne vide Claven Chichester Cicestria a City and Bishoprick in Sussex founded by Cissa II. King of the South Saxons After the Conquest it became a Bishops See the Chair being removed from Selsey a small Village not much above sive Miles to the Southward This City is seated on a River call'd the Lavant which encompasseth it on the West and South about six Miles from the Sea and almost in the Western Border of that County The Honorable Charles Fitz-Roy Duke of Southampton was created Earl of Chichester September 10. 1675 by Charles II. his Father It is a fair City with five or six Parish Churches and a Cathedral first erected by Radulph the third Bishop afterwards rebuilt and beautified by Bishop Seffrid the second of the Name when it had been almost consumed twice by Fire The Corporation elects two Burgesses for Parliament and would enjoy a better Trade were not the Haven choaked up that is next adjoining to â—it Chidley a Market Town in Devonshire on the River Tinge Chiemzee or Chiempsee Chiemium a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh in the Dukedom of Bavaria about ten Leagues from Munich and Saltzburgh each It is no very considerable place An Archdeacon of Saltzburgh founded the Bishoprick in the year 1214. Chieri a Town in Piedmont where the French obtained a signal Victory against the Spaniards in 1639. It lies three Miles to the Eastward of Turino and was heretofore a Potent City and a Common-wealth but is now in Subjection to the Duke of Savoy Chifale an Island in the Gulph of Arabia Chilafa or Chielefa is a Fortress on the South of the Morea thirty eight English Miles North-West of Cape Matapan a Place of great Importance both as to its natural and artificial Fortifications and surrendred to the Venetians in 1686.
which about one hundred years since saith Mr. Wheeler was nothing but an old Castle and the present Suburbs of the Castati But now it is a good large City and an Archbishops See well fortified with Walls on the South and two Castles at the East and West Ends the side towards the Harbour is not so well fortified nor needs it This Town would be almost impregnable were it not for a Rock that stands towards the the West and commands the adjoining Fort with a great part of the Town Here resides the chief Govour of the Venetian Islands both in Civil and Military concerns The Inhabitants are of the Greek Church but much Latinized The Soil not so fruitful of Corn as to supply the Inhabitants but then it produceth Wine Oil and all sorts of good Fruit. In the year 1537. Solyman II. Emperour of the Turks sent his famous General Barberoasse with an Army of five and twenty thousand Men to make a Descent upon this Island as they accordingly did but were forced by the Venetians to an Inglorious Retreat thence again Cory one of the chief Towns in Georgia called Hermastis and Armactica by the Latins There is another of the same Name in Dalmatia mentioned by Pliny and Ptolomy under the Name of Corinium five or six Miles from Novigrod upon a Hill and a third in the Ecclesiastical State in Italy Coria Caurium Caurita a City upon the River Alagnon in Old Castile five or six Leagues from the Frontiers of Portugal The Bishop of it is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Compostella Corinth Corinthus Heliopolis a City of the Morea which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Constantinople built in the year of the World 3066. near the Isthmus between the Ionian and Aegaean Seas At first subject to Kings but growing powerful and rich by Commerce it became a Common-wealth It s situation affording it two Noble Havens to the East and West it was the first City of Greece that set out Trireines or great Gallies to Sea by which it became the richest and one of the most powerful Cities in all Greece it treated the Roman Embassadors with that Insolence that they decreed the total ruine of it which was effected by L. Mummius Achaius 146. years before the Birth of our Saviour Julius Caesar re-built it S. Paul converted it to Christianity and honoured it with two Epistles and Clemens Romanus with a third of the next immediate antiquity and value Thus it became the Metropolis of Achaia in after-times it had Despots or Princes of its own from whom it passed to the Venetians by their Grant But in 1458. Mahomet II. dispossed that Republick of this Noble City and they have since treated it with so much Tarkish cruelty that there are not many Houses in it inhabited by poor Men rather out of necessity than choice It is hoped the Venetians may give it another resurrection out of its desolation and ruines they having recovered it in Aug. 1687. without opposition They now call it vulgarly Corantho The old Acrocorinthus a strong Cittadel built upon the top of a very high Hill and the proud Curtezans here of higher prizes than for every one to give it is supposed severally or together occasioned the Proverb Non licet omnibus adire Corinthum Long. 49. 15. Lat. 38. 11. § Apollodorus writes of three Corinths more the first in Thessalia the second in Epirus the third in Elis. Corlin Corlinum a City in Pomerania subject the Duke of Brandenburg ever since 1648. upon the River Persant three German Miles from the Baltick Sea and five from Treptow to the East It has a Castle and was before subject to the Bishop of Camin Corneto Cornuetum a Bishops See in union with that of Monte Fiascone subject only to the Pope in the State of the Church upon the River Marta four Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and forty six from Rome to the West very little inhabited being unhealthfully seated Cornovaile or Cornoaille a Territory in Britany in France called Corisopitum by the Latin Writers the Capital of which is Quimper-Corantine Cornwall Cornubia Cornavii Damnonii is the most Western County of England It has Devonshire on the East from which the River Tamer parts it and on all the other sides is surrounded with the Sea For a long time the Store-house of Tin to the whole World till in 1240. there were other Mines of this found in Misnia and Bohemia by a Cornishman The Soil of this County is tolerably fruitful but Mountainous In some Rocks they find a sort of a Precious Stone call'd the Cornish Diamond shaped and polished by Nature and many times as big as a Walnut only not so hard as a Diamond of the right kind The Inhabitants are the Reliques of the old Britains and still retain their Language It was by Edward II. in 1336. made a Dukedom and given to his Son Edward and has ever since belonged to the Eldest Son of the King of England who is born Duke of Cornwall Coro a City of South America near the Sea in the Province of Venezuela under the Spaniards It is built after the manner of Venice upon a Lake amongst a number of little Islets Thence often it self call'd Venezuela or Little Venice Coromandel a Kingdom on the East side of the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies divided from the Malabars by the Mountains of Balagatta which run from North to South to the Cape of Comori it lies along the Eastern Shoar an hundred Leagues in length St. Thomas a Town in 32. deg of Latitude is in this Kingdom in which the Portuguese found Christians of the Greek Church when they came first hither who put the City into their Hands and they enjoy it still it hath many good Harbours much frequented by the Europeans especially in Winter The Natives are yet for the most part stupid Pagan Idolaters as Mr. Herbert saith and and of a Dusky Complexion This Country was divided amongst many Princes but at present is subject to one saith Mendelslo who resides some times at Bisnagar and some times at Narsinga Coron Corona a Maritime City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar opposite to the Coast of Barbary it is situate on the richest and most fruitful Province of this Country called Belvedora ten Miles by Land and twenty by Sea from Modon The Venetian's built here in 1463. a great Tower for a Magazine but they enjoyed it not long for Bajazet II. took it after a Siege in 1498. It was attempted in 1533. by the famous Johni Doria Admiral of Spain and taken but could not be long kept It was taken again by the Venetians after a sharp Siege in 1685. and may they long enjoy it It is a very strong City with a safe and large Haven and in former times was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Patras Coronea an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near Leuctra to the East and the River Cephisus North. It was here
ancient City of Nubia in Africa And a River of the same Name in the Kingdom of Morocco Cusco Cuscum a great City of Peru in the South America one hundred and twenty Miles East from Lima. It was the Royal City of the Kings of Peru adorned with a stately Temple dedicated to the Sun and divers noble Palaces and an admirable Fortress when the Spaniards conquered it but now dispeopled and ruined Yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima. Cussit a Province in Aethiopia Custrin Custrinum a City in the Marquisate of Brandenburg on the East side of the River Oder where it receives the Warta four Miles North from Franckfort a very strong Place Cuzagne a small Territory or District in Aquitaine in France Cuzt a large Province of the Kingdom of Fez in Africa lying eighty Leagues along the River Gureygure as far as to the River Esaha East of the Province of Temesen and containing all the courses of the Mountain Atlas betwixt those two Rivers Cyclades a Circle of little Islands in the Archipelago surrounding the Island of Delos call'd Paros Andros Zea Micoli Naxia Quiniminio c. Cyclopes the original Inhabitants of the Island of Sicily living about Mount Aetna whose extraordinary height mixt with fierceness occasioned many Fictions amongst the Poets Cydnus a River of Cilicia in Asia the Less passing by Cogni and Tharsus Alexander the Great took a desperate Sickness by bathing in it and some say the Emperor Frederick Barberaosse died of the coldness of its Water as he returned from the East in the year 1100. Cydonia the same with Canea in Candia Cylley Celia a City of Stiria in Germany upon the River Saana which a little lower falls into the Save it stands ten Miles from Lambach to the East and as many from Draburgh to the South-East The Capital of a County of the same Name and belongs to the Emperor of Germany there is in it two very strong Castles and many Roman Antiquities are thereabouts discovered Cynopolis an ancient City of the Kingdom of Egypt upon the Western part of the Nile remark'd heretofore for the Worship of the God called Anubis in it Cynthus a Mountain in the Island of Delos upon which the ancient Pagans built a celebrated Temple in the honour of Apollo who together with Diana was supposed to be born here of Lâ—tona Cyparissa an ancient Town of the Morea that did belong to the Government of Messene and imparted its Name to the Cape and Gulph adjacent Cyprus an Island of the Mediterranean Sea called by the Turks and Arabians Kubros about sixty Miles North from the Shoars of Syria and Anatolia and extended in length from East to West two hundred and twenty its Circuit about five hundred and fifty This Island is so very fruitful the Air so pleasant and the Hills abounding so with Metals that it was by all the Ancients call'd The Happy Island Ammianus Marcellinus saith it could build a Ship and fraight her out to Sea out of what grew here without the help of any other place The first Inhabitants were the Cilicians who yielded to the Phenicians as these did to the Greeks Ptolomy the last King of this Island knowing that Cato was sent against him by the Romans put an end to his own Life It continued in the hands of the Greek Emperors till 656. when it was conquered by the Saracens In 807. the Emperors recovered it but Richard I. King of England going to the Holy War in 1191. and being ill used by the Inhabitants made a Conquest of it for England and gave it to Guy de Lusignan whose Successors were dispossessed by the Templars in 1306. In 1472. the Venetians possessed themselves of it in 1560. Selim the Grand Seignor gained it from them whose Successor at this day enjoys it not without some Confusion and as occasion serves Insurrection of the Inhabitants against the Turks There are three considerable places in it Merovige at the West end Colosso on the South side and Famagusta on the same side more to the East and about eight hundred and fifty Villages Cypsella See Ipsala Cyr Ciropolis Cyrus the same with Carin Cyrene See Cairoan Cythera See Cerigo Cyziqua an ancient City of Asia built in the twenty fourth Olympiad upon the Propontis and honoured in the Primitive Ages of Christianity with a Metropolitan See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Over against the Ruines of it stands a little Island famous for the Marble that they call the Marble of Cyziqua Czaslaw Czaslavia a very small City in Bohemia upon the River Crudimka nine Miles from Prague to the East with a considerable Prefecture belonging to it John Zisca the famous Captain of the Hussites who so sharply revenged the deaths of John Hus and Jerome of Prague was here buried Czeben See Hermanstat Czenstokow or Czeschow Chestocovia a Town in Poland upon the River Warta twenty five Miles East of Breslaw ten North-West of Cracovia It is strong as well by Situation as its Fortifications Czeremissi a Province or rather a People of Moscovy reduced under the Empire of the Grand Duke in the year 1552. Lying on both sides of the River Wolga betwixt the Cities Novogorod-Nisi and Casan They are partly Mahometans and partly Pagans of the Race of the Tartars Czeremicz Sulonia a Town in Dalmatia Czernikow or Czernishaw Czernihovia a City and Dutchy in Poland upon the River Deszna which falls into the Nieper at Kiovia twenty eight Miles South-West of Szernikow or Czernihow This City is now in the hands of the Russ as also the Dukedom thereunto belonging called by the same name They belonged originally to the Russ and together with Novogrod were conquered by Vladislaus IV. King of Poland so that the Russ has only recovered what was his own Czernobel a Town in the Palatinate of Volhinia in Poland upon the River Vsz two or three Leagues from the Borysthenes of little consideration Czersk a Palatinate and Czesko a City upon the Vistula seven Polish Miles above Warzovia or Warshaw Czyrkassi Czyrcassia a strong Town in the Vkraine upon the Nieper twenty seven Polish Miles beneath Kiovia towards the Euxine Sea it has suffered great Extremities of late years from the Cossacks and Tartars being a Frontier to both those People Czyrknizerzee or Zirichnitz Lugeum a great Lake in the Province of Carniola in Germany extended the space of four Miles betwixt the Woods and Mountains towards Italy full of Fish ebbing and flowing extraordinarily and begetting a fruitful Soyl. D A DAbir or Debir an ancient City of the Anakims in Palestine near Hebron It had been formerly call'd Kirjah-Sepher i. e. the City of Learning as we read Judg. 1. 11. And was first taken by Joshua Josh 11. 21. afterwards by Othniel Judges 1. 13. with a reward of the General Caleb's Daughter given him to Wife for his Victory Dabul Dabulum Dunga a strong Maritime City with a large Port and a Castle at the Mouth of the
most admired and rich Temple of Apollo Pythius and the Oracle which the Gauls under Brennus attempted in vain to spoil in Christian times became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens but since it fell into the hands of the devouring Turks it is become a poor small Village twenty Miles West from Leucadia forty from Lepanto to the East and about seven saith Baudrand from the Bay of Corinth It is observed by Suidas Cedrenus Nicephorus and divers others that about the time of the Nativity of our Saviour this Pythian Oracle became dumb And Augustus being astonished at its silence received for answer Me Puer Hebraeus divos Deus ipse gubernans Cedere sede jubet tristemque redire sub orcum Aris ergo dehinc tacitis abscedito nostris Nero afterwards plundered it of five hundred Statues of Brass with all its Wealth broke down its Buildings and distributed the Lands belonging to it amongst his Souldiers Delta an Island made by the Nile in Egypt of the fashion of the Letter Δ in the Greek in the way as that River flows from Cairo Ptolomy mentions two a greater and a less of this sort The ancient City Busiris did stand in the midst of this Island Demer Tabuda a River in Brabant Demetriade Dimnitrado Demetrias an ancient City of Magnesia in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia upon the Gulph dell ' Armiro or the Pelasgicus sinus of the Classicks It has been heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa from which it stands twenty Miles to the East Denbigh Denbiga one of the twelve Shires in wales has the Irish Sea on the North Flintshire on the East Merinoth on the South and Caernarvan on the West The principal Rivers are Cluyd Elway and Conwey which last separates this Shire from Carnarvan The West part is barren the middle where the Cluyd runneth is plain and very fruitful the last part except what lies upon the D 〈…〉 is less fertil Denbigh the principal Town stands upon a declining Rock H. Lacy Earl of Lincoln obtaining a Grant of this Place from Edward I. walled it and set up a Castle on the South side but wanting Water and being of difficult Access the Inhabitants have by degrees removed their Dwellings nearer the River and in Mr. Cambden's time were building a second Church the former not being able to contain the Inhabitants This Town has the River Aled or Elwy on the West and the Cluyd on the East which meet beneath it to the North it has a Bridge over both of them the later Maps place the Elwy on the South of the Town It stands fifteen Miles from Chester to the West and four from S. Asaph to the South The Right Honorable William Fielding is Earl of Denbigh and the fourth Earl of his Family Dendermonde Teneramunda is a strong Town in Flanders upon the River Schelde where the Tenera from Alost falls into it lying in the middle between Gant and Antwerp about five Leagues from either Denmark Denemarck Dania Cimbrius Chersonesus called by the Italians and Spaniards Danimarca by the Poles Dunska Is one of the most ancient Kingdoms of Europe yet of no great Extent Part of a vast Peninsula called of old Cimbricus Chersonesus in middle time Jutland and some Islands in the Eastern and Baltick Sea make the body of this Kingdom except that the Kingdom of Norway together with Greenland Island and Feroe is now annexed to it It was once a part of the Kingdom of the Goths but now a separate Kingdom consisting of two parts Jutland and the Isles The North of Jutland only is under the King of Denmark viz. Nort Jutland and the Northern parts of Suder Jutland Of the Islands Zeeland Fuynen and Bornholm in the Baltick Sea and Island in the Virgivian Ocean are the chief Coppenhague in the Isle of Zeeland is the Capital of the whole There were also three Counties on the Norway side Blecklen Schania and Haland which belonged originally to Denmark but in 1645. by the Treaty of Brooms-Boa these and some other Islands were surrendered by Christian IV. to the Swedes for ever and again in 1658. and 1660. confirmed to the Swedes This Kingdom had heretofore the Isles of Shetland on the North of Scotland which were granted to James VI. as a part of his Queens Dowry The King of Denmark possesseth also in Germany 1. Half the Dukedom of Holsatia 2. The Counties of Oldenburgh and that of Delmenhorst which two fell to him by Inheritance from the last Count of Oldenburgh Till 1660 the Crown was Elective but then made Hereditary by Frederick III. The Danes have also enlarged their Princes Bounds by planting a New Denmark in the North of America This Kingdom once was one of the most Powerful in Europe as may be remembred more particularly to us by their Incursions into England Scotland and Ireland where they maintained War with our Ancestors above three hundred years together But by the Fate of Time War and other humane Calamities reduced to the state in which it now is The Danish Writers derive its Name and pretend to give a Catalogue of their Kings from Dan the Son of Jacob. It is a cold Climate but fruitful enough in Corn Cattle and Fish and the greatest Revenue of the Crown comes from the Toll that is payed for passing the Sound Denia a Sea-Port in the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain over against the Isle of Yvica on the Mediterranean Sea eleven Miles from Valentia to the South Denin a celebrated Nunnery in the Low Countreys upon the Road from Valenciennes to Doway where the Chapter is composed of 18 Chanonesses who are all Ladies of Quality taking the Title of Countesses of Ostrevan from their Founder S. Aldebert an Earl of Ostrevan who left both his Estate and Dignity to them They enter into no Vows Marry at their pleasure leaving only their thanks to the Chapter for the honour they have enjoyed by it St Dennis en Uaux ad Sanctum Dionysium in Vallibus a Town in the Dukedom of Orleans in France St. Dennis Carriere a Town and a famous Monastery in the Isle of France two Leagues from Paris to the South one of the richest Monasteries in that Kingdom upon the River Crou which a little lower falls into the Scin. The Abbey was founded in 636. by Dagobert King of France in honor of S. Dennis whose Bones sleep here But the Church was rebuilt since by Suggerus one of their Abbots in three Years and three Months ending in 1144. Here are the Tombs of the Kings of France Some of which have died here too St. Dennis a Town in Normandy in the Forest of Lyons on the Borders of Beauvois in which Henry I. King of England died Deptford a large Town in Kent in Sutton Lath situated at the fall of the River Ravensburn into the Thames amongst rich and low Meadows and provided with a Dock and Store-house for the Navy Royal. It is divided into the
of the Eastern part or Shoar of Kent upon high Cliffs twelve Miles from Canterbury to the South-East and fifty five from London and seven Leagues distant by Sea from Calais in France That part of the Town next the Sea had anciently a Wall some of which is still standing On the top of a rugged high Cliff or Rock is a stately and very strong Castle which may be supposed to have been built by the Romans however this place was certainly a Station of theirs and has ever since been reputed one of the Keys of England at all times carefully guarded besides it is one of the Cinque-Ports and in times past was to set out to the Wars one and twenty Ships Therefore Philip King of France said that Lewis his Son when called in hither against King John by the Barons had not one foot of Land in England if he were not Master of Dover-Castle It had formerly seven Parish Churches now two and it is now as heretofore most frequented upon the account of its being the shortest passage into France The Honorable Henry Lord Jarmin was created Baron of Dover in the first year of King James II. But before in Anno 1627. Henry Carey Viscount Rochford and Baron Hunsden enjoyed the Title from King Charles I. of Earl of Dover Dour or Adour Aturus a River of Aquitaine the Southern part of France or rather three Rivers called by the same Name the principal of these riseth in Bigorre out of the Pyrenean Hills near Baretge and running North watereth Tarbe then turning Westward it passeth on the North of Aire St. Sever and Dax or Acqs so falleth into the Bay of Biscay at Bayonne having entertained Gaue de Oleron Gaue de Pau and several other Rivers The Outlet was anciently at le Bocau six Leagues beneath Bayonne but by the Industry of Lewis de Foix an excellent Ingineer and Architect of France in 1579. its course was altered as Thuanus saith The same Gentleman was the Contriver of the Palace in Spain and the Light-House at the Mouth of the Garronne called Tour de Cordovan Dourdan a small Town in the District of Hurepois in the Isle of France upon the River Orge towards the Frontiers of la Beauce thirteen Leagues from Paris and two or three from Estampes The Huguenots took and almost ruined it in the years 1562 1567. It had been often mortgaged sold and remitted from one to another before Lewis XIII redeemed and reunited it to the Crown in 1610. Dourlens Doulendium a Town in Picardy in France very strongly fortified on the Borders of Artois upon the River Asselane which falls into the British Sea between Crotoy and Estaple six Leagues from Amiens to the North and seven from Arras to the South This Town did heretofore belong to the Earls of Pontieu and became united to the Crown of France in 1559. Doustre Dostra a River of France in the Vicomte de Turene in Limosin Le Doux See Dou. Douzi Duziacum Duodeciacum a Castle in the Diocese of Rheims in France upon the River Cher betwixt Ivoy and Sedan Remarkable for two Councils celebrated at it in the years 871. 874. The first of which deposed and imprisoned Hinâ—mar Bishop of Laon for adhering to the Papal Interest contrary to the Usage and Liberties of the Gallican Church who some time after had his Eys put out Dowglass a Castle in Cuysdale in the middle of the Southern part of Scotland which takes its Name from the River Dowglass as doth also the Dale or Valley in which it stands This Castle is seated about six Scotch Miles West of Lanrick where Dowglass River unites with the Cluyd fifteen from Glasguo to the South and thirty five from Edinburgh to the South-West It is only memorable for its Earls sometimes so very powerful they were a terror to the Kings of Scotland themselves there being at one time six Earls of this Family that is Dowglas Angus Ormond Wigton Murray and Morton as Mr. Cambden reckons them § There is a Castle of this Name in the Isle of Man Down Dunum a City and Bishoprick in the Province of Vlster in Ireland the Bishop of which is under the Archbishop of Armagh The Bishoprick of Connor has been united to it ever since 1442. The City stands upon the Irish Sea upon a Peninsula made by the Sea and the Lake of Cone which affords it an excellent Haven twenty Miles from Dormore to the East thirty two from Carrick fergus to the South The County of Down is bounded on the East by the Irish Sea on the North by the County of Antrim and the Lake of Neaugh on the West by Armagh and on the South by the County of Louth from which it is severed by the River Newry This County saith Mr. Cambden is generally very fruitful where it is not overspread with Woods and has several safe Harbors upon the Seas Down is one of the most ancient Towns in Ireland made more famous by keeping the Bones of S. Patrick S. Bridget and S. Columbus than by the mention which Ptolomy has made of it by the Name of Dunum though not in its right place Downham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Clackcloss upon the River Ouse over which it hath a Bridge Downton or Duncton a Market Town in Wiltshire the Capital of its Hundred situated upon the Salisbury Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Drac Dracus a River in the Dauphinate in France which riseth about four Leagues North of Embrun and running Northward falls into the Isere at Grenoble bringing with it another small River which comes from La Grace and falls into the Drac at Viville four Miles South of Grenoble Draco or Drago Acragas or Agragas a River of Sicily called Biagio di Gergenti di Naro also and falls into the African Sea three Miles beneath Gergentum to the East thirty five West of Terra Nova Dragone Draco a small River in Campagnia in Italy which riseth in Mount Vesuvius and washing the City of Nocera falleth into Sarno a River which divideth the Principatus Citerior from the Terra di Lavoro and endeth in the Bay of Naples eleven Miles South of Naples Dragonara once a Bishops See now a small Village 7 Miles from S. Severina in Naples to the West Dracone See Orontes Dragonera Colubraria or Moncolibre a small desert Rock or Island between Majorca and Valentia which has its Names from the Snakes and Serpents that only inhabit it Draguignan Draguinianum Dracenae one of the best situated Towns in Provence in France in the Diocese of Frejus adorned with a Collegiate Church and divers Religious Houses Its Arms are observable being a Dragon with this Motto Alios nutrio meos devoro Drangiana regio an ancient Province of the Kingdom of Persia in the most Eastern part thereof now called Sigistan or Sitsistan It s principal Cities were Ariaspe and Propthasia Dravaniza See the Vistula The Drave or Dravus called
a Castle taken by the Swedes and granted them by a Treaty in 1658. but in 1660. the Danes again recovered it The Country about is called the Government or Prefecture of Drontheim granted to the Swedes with the City but since recovered with it too This is the largest Prefecture in Norway reaching from North to South five hundred Miles and from West to East one hundred Droses Jernus a River of Conaught in the County of Clare which falls into the Bay of Shannon at Dinghanbeg Dinga East of Clare two Miles Le Drot Drotius a River in Aquitaine in France which ariseth at Montpasier ten Miles North-West of Cahors and running West falls into the Garrone over against Bazas nine Miles East of Bourdeaux Druidae Druides the Priests of the antient Gauls compared by Laertius with the Magi Gymnosophistae and Philosophers of Persia India and Greece for their pretensions to Learning and Piety and Authority over the people of whose Superstitions they were the Authors as of their affairs publick or private the Arbitrators The Eugabes of Ammianus Marcellinus the Saronides of Diâ—d Siculus and the Semnotheoi of others were several Orders of these Priests according as they applyed themselves either to the services of the Altar or to the Contemplation of the Works of Nature In the former they made Sacrifices of Men till the Emperors Angustus Tiberius and Claudius by repeated Interdicts at last broke them of that barbarity Their other they delivered to the publick in thousands of Verses unwritten only committed to Memory and passing the course of Ages by Tradition Their name of Druides some derive from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because of a particular esteem they had for an Oak Some from Deru in the Celtick Language of the same signification They had a Chief Priest over them in the nature of a Soveraign Pontiff And we read the Gauls were so possessed by them with the belief of the immortality of the soul that they would lend mony in this world upon condition to be paid in the next Valer. Max. The Town Dreux in Normandy is supposed to be so called from these Druides Drummore Drummoria a City in the County of Lowth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland upon the River Lagang with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh Druses Druzes Drusi a people living in Grots and Caverns about the Mountain Libanus in Asia and onwards as far as to the Dead Sea following in Religion the Institutions of one Isman or Ismael a Prophet pretended which allow them to marry with their own Children or Sisters or Brothers and to live in perfect liberty from all such like precepts and ties as are in use amongst the Jews Christians and Mahometans They Traffick with the French Merchants for Silks and say they are descended from the French that went to the Conquest of the Holy Land with Godfrey of Bouillon being after the loss of Jerusalem in 1187. forced for safety to retire hither under the command of one of the House of Dreux Drut Dara a River of Carmania in Persia It falls into the Persian Gulph over against the City of Ormus having passed between Fafa and Chabon Duare a strong Fortress of Dalmatia upon a Hill not far from Almissa Taken from the Turks by the Venetians in 1646. and soon after lost again In 1652. retaken and demolished Whereupon the Turks to hinder the Incursions of the Morlaques out of Croatia rebuilt it yet in 1684. the Morlaques forced it and there is now a Venetian Garrison in it Dublin Dublinum in Irish Balacleigh the Capital City of the Kingdom of Ireland in the Province of Leinster in a County of the same Name upon the River Leffy which is the noblest River in all this Kingdom and maketh a Capacious Haven here at about twenty Leagues distance from Holyhead in Wales This City is called EBLANA by Ptolemy When or by whom it was first built is not known but old it must needs be by its being mentioned by him Saxo Grammaticus acquaints us how much it suffered by the Danes it was afterwards under Edgar King of England and Harald Harfager King of Norway In the year 1151. P. Eugenius III. made it an Archbishops See with the Title and Jurisdiction of a Primacy Henry II. having Conquered Ireland sent hither from Bristol a Colony whereby it began to Flourish more and more and became the Capital of the Kingdom the Seat of the Lieutenant the Courts of Justice and their Parliaments strengthened with a Castle on the East side built by Henry Loundres a Bishop in 1220. and near it there was a Royal Palace built by Henry II. King of England It has a College for Students which is an University of it self founded by Q. Elizabeth in in 1591. This was attempted before by Alexander Bicknor Archbishop of Dublin who in 1320. obtained from the Pope a Bull for it but the troublesome times that followed defeated that good design then at the North Gate is a Bridge of hewen Stone built by King John It has a Cathedral of great antiquity Dedicated to S. Patrick the Apostle of the Irish Nation and built at several times in which are a Dean two Archdeacons and twenty two Prebendaries there is another fair Collegiate Church in the City called Christs Church built in 1012. and about thirteen Parochial ones In more ancient times this City was Governed by a Provost but in 1409. Henry IV. granted them License to choose every year a Mayor and two Bailiffs changed into Sheriffs by Edward IV. thus far Cambden King Charles II. honored them with a Lord Mayor This City escaping the fury of the Massacre was besieged by the Parliament Forces and by the Duke of Ormond by the Kings Order delivered to the English rather than the Irish Rebels for they were now united against their King and when afterwards June 21. 1649. he indeavoured to recover it his Army was broken by a Sally and totally defeated and this City continued in their Hands till 1660. It has been extraordinarily enlarged in its Buildings in the twenty years last past The County of Dublin is bounded on the East by the Irish Sea on the West with the County of Kildare on the South by the little Territories of O Tooles and O. Brians on the North by the County of Meath and a small River called Nanny The Soil is fruitful as to every thing but Wood so that they use Sea-Coal and Turf for their Fewel It is well Inhabited Rich full of excellent Sea-Port Towns Ducey a Town of Normandy upon the River Ardee in the Diocese of Auranches Ducy a Town of Normandy betwixt Caen and S. Lo in the Diocese of Bayeux Duderstad Duderstadium a Town in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Wipper eight Miles from Cassel to the North-East This Town though in the Duchy of Thuringia has belonged to the Elector of Mentz ever since 1365 and is the Capital of the Territory of Eichfeld Dudley a Market Town in
from which it is parted by the River Leye the chiefest Town is L'isle Insula First united to France by Dagobert one of their Kings by whom about 621. it was granted to Liderick de Buque with the Title of Forester In 864. it was granted to Baldwin I. by the Title of Earl of Flanders the Sovereignty being reserved to France whose Homagers these Earls were This Earldom by the Marriage of Philip Duke of Burgundy with Margaret Daughter of Lewis de Malatin Earl of Flanders in 1369. came into the House of Burgundy and so to the House of Austria by the Marriage of Mary Daughter and Heir of Charles the Hardy to Maximilian Emperor of Germany in 1476. in which Family it still is This though the prime Earldom of all Europe yet was a Homager to the Crown of France till Charles V. having taken Francis I. his Prisoner in the Battel of Pavy in Italy by a Treaty at Madrid infranchised it from that Servitude Since the time of Philip II. it has been extreamly curtailed and harassed many of the Inhabitants flying then into England not only depopulated but impoverished it by carrying away its Trade And the Hollanders Revolting not only added to this Calamity by a War of forty years continuance but took from them several Towns in the Northern parts Of later times the French have made the same devastations on the Southern so that not above half Flanders is now left to the Spaniards and that in a weak and declining condition Flassans a small Village in Provence in the Diocese of Freâ—us remark'd for giving name to an eminent Poet of that Country in the thirteenth Century as likewise in the person of Sieur de Flassans sirnamed the Knight of the Faith for his zeal against the Huguenots of Provence in 1562. Flatholm an Island in the Severn over against Somersetshire Flavigni Flaviniacum a small Town in the Tract of Auxois in Burgundy betwixt Dijon and Samur upon a little River near the antient Alize There stands an Abbey of the Benedictines in it La Fleche a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the Loyre towards the Frontiers of Maine Henry le Grand founded a College of Jesuits there in 1603 whose heart is interred in the same Flensburg Flensburgum a City of the Kingdom of Denmark on the South of Jutland upon the Bay of Flens on the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Sleswick four German Miles West of the Isle of Alsen and 6 from Frederichstad to the North-East It is but small seated on high Hills with a large Haven and a strong Castle The City is under the King of Denmark but the Territory which belongs to it is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Christian V. King of Denmark was born here in the year 1646. Flerus a Village in the County of Namur below Charleroy near the Sambre rendered remarkable by the Battel betwixt the French and Dutch Armies on July 1. 1690. fought upon the Plains thereof with the Victory to the French Fleury or S. Benoît sur Loyre Floriacum a small Town which has a noble and an ancient Monastery of the Order of S. Benedict whose Body lies interred therein seated upon the Loir nine Leagues from Orleans to the East It stands according to some in Le Gastinois to others in the Dukedom of Orleans and deserves to be remembred for the sake of Hugo Floriacensis a Learned Monk of this House who wrote a loyal and a christian Discourse concerning the Origine of Monarchy which he dedicated to Henry II. King of England Published by Baluzius in his fourth Tome of Miscellanies § There is another Fleury in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Ousche three Leagues from Dijon to the West A third in Biere which has a Priory and a fourth in the Isle of France Fliez Phligadia a Mountain in Sclavonia Lazius placeth it in Liburnia upon the Adriatick Sea Flie Flevo an Island at the Mouth of the Rhine which has a fine Haven and a rich Town It stands at the entrance of the Zuidersee near the Texel The English Fleet under Sir Robert Holms entred this Port in 1666 burnt one hundred sixty five Sail of Ships and took and burnt the Town of Schelling which is the chief of that Island Flintshire one of the twelve Shires in Wales bounded on the North with an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts it from Cheshire on the East of it and on all the other Quarters by Denbighshire It is Hilly but not mountainous fruitful in Wheat and Barley but especially Rie upon the Northern Shoar stands Flint Castle which gives name to the whole Shire begun by Henry II. and finished by Edward I. wherein Richard II. renounced the Crown of England Whereupon Henry Duke of Lancaster claimed it and intailed a War on the English Nation that bid fair for its Ruine The Title of Earl of Flint belongs to the Prince of Wales Flix a strong Castle upon the River Ebro in Catalonia supposed to be the old Ibera S. Florentin a Town of France in Senois in Champagne Florence Florentia one of the principal Cities of Italy called by Pliny Fluentia by the Italians Fiorenza and proverbially epitheted La bella from its great beauty The Capital of the Province of Toscany and the Residence of the Great Duke It was built by Sylla's Soldiers in the Year of Rome 675 seventy six years before the Birth of our Saviour upon the River Arno which passeth through it and is covered by four stately Bridges within the Walls It is five or as others say seven Miles in compass paved with Stone adorned with large Streets and stately magnificent Buildings both publick and private to the Beauty of which the natural Ingenuity of the Citizens has contributed very much no place having afforded more excellent Architects Painters and Carvers than this as Schottus observes It is seated in a gentle and healthful Air upon a great and a navigable River surrounded with a delicate Plain pleasant Hills high Mountains and abounding in whatsoever is valuable or useful said to contain above seven hundred thousand Souls It may justly own Charles the Great for its Founder who in 902 enlarged and new Walled it adding one hundred and fifty Towers an hundred Cubits high from whenceforward it began to flourish though it suffered very much from the Factions of the Guelphs and Gibellins that is the Imperial and Papal Parties This City purchased its Liberty of Rodolphus the Emperor about 1285 after which they subjected many of their Neighbours but were never quiet from Foreign Wars or Intestine Divisions till they fell under a second Monarchic Government in the interim Pope Martin V. advanced the Bishop to an Archbishop in 1421. Nor is it less remarkable for a Council held here for uniting the Greek and Latin Churches which began in 1439 and ended in 1442. Nor is the Death of Jerome Savanarola to be forgotten who was burnt here in 1494 for reproving the Vices of
Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Formipt Gedrosia a Province on the East of the Kingdom of Persia now by others called Send which is bounded on the East by India on the South by the Ocean on the West by Macran and on the North by the Desart of Segista Formosa an Island by the Spaniards so named from the beauty and fertility of its soil in the Oriental Ocean twenty four Leagues from China towards the Coasts of the Provinces of Fochien and Quantung Inhabited by about 25000 Chinese who govern themselves in the manner of a Republick without acknowledging of any King or Sovereign The Hollanders expell'd the Portuguese hence in 1635 and the Chinese them in 1661. It is a hundred and thirty Leagues in circuit a hundred and fifty distant from Japan and subject to Earthquakes Called otherwise Lequeio Talieukieâ— and Paccande It s principal Town is Theovan or Tayoan at which the Hollanders built a Fort with the name of Zeland There is a Golden Mine found in this Island Le Fornaci one of the Mouths of the River Po in the Dukedom of Ferrara about six Miles from the other Mouth by this the Po di Ariano dischargeth it self into the Adriatick Sea it serves also as a Boundary between the Pope and the Venetians and iâ— more commonly called il Porto di Goro Fornoue a small Town in the Parmesan in Italy remembred by the Battel of Charles VIII King of France in his return from the Conquest of Naples at which with nine thousand men only he got the Victory over an Army of forty thousand of the Confederates July 6. 1495. Forstler a City in Hassia See Frislar Fort de Alinges a Fort in Savoy upon the River Drance two Leagues from the Lake Lemane which is now forsaken and ruined Forta-ventura one of the Azores West of Canaria About seventy Leagues in Circuit but in the middle not above four over There is a Town in it of the same Name Forth See Fryth Fort-Louis a Cittadel in the Island of Cayenne in the South America at the Mouth of the River Cayenne Built by the French in 1643. Taken by the Hollanders in 1675. and retaken by the French the year after Fortoro Tifernus a River of Abruzzo it ariseth out of the Apennine in the County of Molise in the Kingdom of Naples near the City of Boiano and flowing to the North-West watereth Lucito Guardia Alferes and Iscano and falls into the Adriatick Sea between Tremole and Trino over against the Isle di Tremiti This River is more usually called Biferno Fossa Cremera a River of Italy much mentioned in all the ancient Historians for the ruine of the Faâ—iâ— a great Roman Family it springeth out of the Lake of Bacano in S. Peter's Patrimony and running Eastward falls into the Tibur six Miles above Rome Fossano Fossanum a City of Piedmont upon the River Stâ—ra which falls into the Po it lies between Saluces to the North and Mondovi to the South fifteen Miles from Alba to the West built in 1236. and now a Bishops See founded by Pope Gregory XIII under the Archbishop of Turin Fossat Memphis the first Name of Grand Cairo and a small part of it Fossato Fossatum a Field in Romandiola near Ravenna Theodoricus King of the Ostrogoths in Italy who was honoured by Zeno the Emperour with a Statue and a Triumph in 484 had leave from the Emperour to enter a War with Odoacer then reigning in Italy and accordingly beat him in this place about 491. § Fossato a Town in the States of the Church in the Marchia Anconitana on the Apennine Hills near the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbine twelve Miles from Eugubio to the West Fosse-Werd a Territory in West-Friesland Fossigny or Foucigni Fociniacus Tractus a Province in the Dukedom of Savoy at the foot of the Alpes which is a part of the Dukedom of Geneva between le Vallâ—ys to the East and the State of Geneva to the West Heretofore a dependent of the Dauphinate but now subject to the Duke of Savoy There are in it thirteen Mandements or Districts and the chief Town is Bonville The Title of a Barony is annexed to it Fossombruno Fossombrone Forum Sempronii a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in the State of the Church which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vrbino it stands near the River Metro Metaurus which falls into the Adriatick Sea four Miles from Senogalla about half a Mile from the place where the old City stood and is ten Miles from Vrbino to the East It was sold to the Duke of Vrbino by Galeatius Malatesta the Lord of it for thirteen thousand Florins of Gold in the time of Pope Sixtus VI. Fossone Fossae one of the Mouths of the River Po. Fotheringhay-Castle a Town and ancient Castle in the County of Northampton in the Hundred of Willibrook pleasantly surrounded with the Meadows on all sides Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded here Foulsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Eynesford Fougeres Fugeria Fulgerium a City in Bretagne in France upon the River Coesnon towards the Borders of Normandy eight Miles from Auranches Abrincae to the South and as many from Dole Heretofore a Place of considerable Strength but now neglected It was seized by the English in time of Truce in 1448. in the Reign of Henry VI. Fowey a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder returning two Burgesses to the Parliament Fraemont commonly called Pilate's Mount is a Mountain in Switzerland near Lucerne having a Spring at the Top of it Fraga Fragues Flavia Gallicâ— a strong Town in the Kingdom of Arragon upon the River Cinca or Cinga which falls into the Segne and with it into the Ebro in the Borders of Catalonia it stands three Leagues from Ilerda to the South-West Near this place Alphonsus VII King of Arragon was overthrown and slain by the Moors in 1134. Fraires Fratres Nesides two small Islands on the Coast of Bretagne called the Brothers or les Isles de Vannes they lie between the Mouth of the Loire and the Calonesus or Bell-Isle on the Southern Coast of that Province Framlingham a small Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Looes upon a Clay-hill near the head of the River Ore called by others Winchel where was anciently a strong large Castle of Saxon Work belonging to the Bigotâ—s by the bounty of Henry I. in which Robert Earl of Leicester took his quarters in the Rebellion against King Henry II. To this Castle in 1553. Queen Mary retreated and by the assistance of the Protestant Gentry of that County recovered the Crown of England Frampton a Market Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Goâ—berton upon a River which affords plenty of good Fish Franc Pagus Francus is a Jurisdiction extending seven Leagues about Bruges which exerciseth is Authority without the Walls and the fourth Member of the Earldom of Flanders Gant Bruges and
frequented by reason the three Provinces of Nanking Huquang and Kiangsi abutt upon it A strong Garrison is kept in its Fort Haymuen commanding the Lake of Poyang and the River Kiang Ganna the Caspian Sea Gannat Gannatum Gannapum a Town in the Dukedom of Bourbon in France towards the borders of Auvergne upon a small River falling soon after into the Allier Gaoga Kauga or Guoga a City and Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa between the Tract of Nubia and the Kingdom of Borno This Kingdom about two hundred years ago was erected by the prosperous Villany of a Negroe Slave before which it was little better than a Desart Now inhabited by Christians Mahometans and Pagans Betwixt 40 and 50 deg of Long. Lat. 20. 12. Gaoxa an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Quantung in China Gap Vapingum Appencensium or Vapincensium Vrbs a City of the Dauphinate in France which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aix it stands in the Confines of this Principality towards Savoy two Miles from the Isere twenty two from Aix and six from Embrun to the West It is reasonably great and defended by a Castle yet often taken and retaken by the Rom. Catholicks and the Huguenotts in the Wars of the last Century Farellus sowed his Opinions here The Bishops enjoy the Title of Earls It is the Capital of the Territory of Gapensois and did heretofore belong to the Counts of Forcalquier Garamal Garamantes a People of Libya Interior or Gaetulia in Africa about the Eastern part of the Desart of Zaara and the Western of Nubia of the Generation of the antient Garamantes who dwelt in the same place Their chief Settlement is called after themselves Garama Garanne Varenna an Island in the Bay of Aquitaine Garbe Isburus a small River on the South of Sicily Gard. See Pont du Gard. Garda See Gardsee Garde a City of Greenland deserted and ruined two hundred years ago It had been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Drontheim in Norway and stood to the Ocean Gardeleben a small Town in the old Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Meld seven Miles from Magdeburg to the North. Gardicht a Town in the Morea towards the Gulph of Lepanto supposed to be the antient Cliter Gardon Nardo Vardo a River of Languedoc springing from the Mountains of Sevennes and dividing into two Streams The one passing by Alets with the name for distinction of the Gardon d' Alets joyns the other call'd the Gardon d' Anduze at Anduze and afterwards augmented with the Tributes of some small Rivulets they both fall into the Rhine towards Beaucaire Gardsee Benacus a Lake in Lombardy called by the Inhabitants Il Lago di Garda by the Germans Gradzee by the French Grade It lies in the State of Venice between the Territory of Verona to the East and Brixia to the West watering on the North the Earldom of Tirol and from thence is extended to the Castle of Pescara on the South the length of thirty Miles its greatest breadth is ten Miles as I have often seen saith Baudrand though Strabo seems to think otherwise It takes its name from Garda in the Territory of Verona out of it flows the River Menzo Mincius which by Mantoua falls into the Po. And it abounds with Eels and Carps See Benacus Gareligare See Tripoli Garet Gareta a Province in the Kingdom of Fez on the Mediterranean Sea in the Confines of the Kingdom of Argier from which it is separated by the River Mulvia as from the Province of Errif by the River Nocor The Mediterranean bounds it to the North and the Mountains of the Desarts to the South The African Writers have divided it into three parts The first containing the Towns Cities and Territories the second the habitable Mountains the third the Desarts Mellila under the Spaniards Jaffarina Tezota c. are the most considerable places in it Gargan a Mountain in the Province of Apulia in the Kingdom of Naples nigh to Monte-di-san-Angelo mentioned by Pliny Strabo c. and the Roman Martyrology upon May 8. Garigliano Liris a River of Italy which heretofore divided Latium from Campania It ariseth in the further Abruzzo by the Lake of Celano Fucinus above Antina and passing Southward watereth Sora Aquino and Sessa then falls into the Tyrrenian Sea at Trajeto eleven Miles South of Gaieta The Banks of this River were often covered with the French and Spanish Forces in the Wars of the Kingdom of Naples in 1503. Garippo Gallus a River of Asia the Less which springeth from the Coelenian Hills in Phrygia Magna and washing Pessinunta falls into Sangiarus now Sacario and Acada which falls into the Black or Euxine Sea at Cagari Garnesey Garnia Sarnia an Island belonging to the Crown of England on the Coast of Normandy This and Jersey is all that is left us now of the Dukedom of Normandy it is about thirteen Miles long and near as broad where greatest Garonne Garumna called Garona by the Spaniards and Garonna by the Italians is one of the great Rivers of France mentioned by Julius Caesar Also one of the greatest Rivers which springeth from the Pyrenean Hills it ariseth in Arena a Spanish Village in the Borders of the Kingdom of Arragon not far from Salardun and running Westward by Bertrant it turns there North-East by Rieux to Tolouse above which besides Touche from the West and several others it takes in the Ariege from Foix and Pamier on the East then running North at Moissac it is improved with a number of Riverâ— brought in from the East by the Tara here again turning West it passeth by Agen over against which it receives the Giers on the South from Aux and a little further on the same side Biese from Condom and on the North Toninus Treuyre from Cahors and a little further the Drot so leaving Bourdeaux on the South and taking along the Dordonne from the North it makes the vast Bay of Garronne and by the Tower De Cordovan on a small Island passeth with two mouths into the British Seas This River was heretofore the boundary of Aquitaine but now it divides it into two parts Garro Gaurus a Mountain near Naples Garstang A Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Amounderness near the River Wire Gurtempe Vartimpa a small River of France Gartz A Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania in Germany upon the Oder three Leagues from Stetin Formerly well fortified but in 1638 after its being often taken and retaken in the German Wars totally demolished Garza Mela a River in the Territory of Brescia in the Dominion of the States of Venice in Italy which washeth the Walls of Brescia on the West and then falls into the Oglio at Vstiano which conveys it to the Po at Borgo forte not much above Mantoua Gascoigne Vasconia Novempopulonia a Province in Aquitaine in France The Inhabitants write Guascoigne the Italians Gascogna the Spanish Gascona the English Gascony It lies extended
small Island near Malta to the West at the distance of four Miles only mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Now belonging to the Knights of Maltha who have fortified it with a Castle § Also an Island in the Sea of Crete near Cape Crio called Claudia in the Acts of the Apostles C. 27. 16. and otherwise by the Ancients Claudus and Claudos La Grace or La Grasse a City of Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the stead of Antipolis now Antibe it is seated upon an Hill and is a fine well built City with divers Churches and Religious Houses in it three Leagues from Antibe to the West seven from Nice to the same quarter about twenty four from Embrun to the South and the same from Sisteron to the South West Hadr. Vales in his Notitia Galliae saith this City in 1285 belonged to the Bishoprick of Arles and Antibe was then the Bishops See but in 1322. this is named as a Suffragan Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the Itinerary of Gregory XI And that the See was removed hither upon the account of the daily Incursions of Pyrats and Robbers and upon the slaughter of one of the Bishops of Antibe For saith he Antibe is a Sea-Port but La Grace is a strong Castle and more remote from the Sea Which reason sheweth the weakness of the French Nation at Sea in those times Gracias a Dios a Town and Cape of the Province of Honduras in New Spain in the Northern America possessed by the Salvages with the whole Country thereabouts to the extent of fifty Leagues living in a Republican way without any Soveraign King or Prince over them and when they go to War making choice of one out of themselves to command for that present Juncture The Spaniards honour them with the Title of los Indios Bravos for their Gallantry having been never conquered yet Gradiska Gradiscia a principal Town of the Province of Sclavonia in the Lower Hungary upon the Save betwixt Possega and Zagrabia towards the Borders of Croatia See Sclavonia Some will have it to be the true Servitium of the Ancients § A Fortress likewise in Friuli in the County of Goritia upon the River Sisonzo which belongs to the House of Austria Grado Gradus a City and Island belonging to Friuli on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea or Gulph of Venice built by the Inhabitants of Aquileja eight Miles from Venice to the East and twelve from Aquileja to the South under the Venetians The Patriarchs of Aquileja long since removed from thence and settled here as they went afterwards from hence to Venice about two hundred years since Elias one of these Patriarchs in 602. celebrated a Council in this place Grafignana Caferoniana a County within the Apennine the greatest part of which is under the Duke of Modena the rest belongs to the Republick of Lucca Graftschaft Mansfeld Mansfeldiensis Comitatus the County of Mansfield The word Graftschaft in the German Town signifying a County Grafton a Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Cleley adorned with a Park and an ancient Seat of the Family de Wideville Earls of Rivers The Marriage of King Edward IV. with the Lady Grey which was the first Marriage of any King of England with a Subject from the Conquest received its consummation here From the year 1490. to Henry VIII this Seat bequeathed by Richard the last of the Male Line of the Rivers to Thomas Grey Marquess of Dorset continued in the Name of the Greys and then in an exchange for Lands in Leicestershire became united to the Crown It is well known for giving the Title of Duke to the late Henry Fitz Roy created by King Charles II. his Father Baron of Sudbury Viscount Ipswich and Earl of Euston in 1672. and Duke of Grafton five years after who dyed of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Cork Grambusia Crambusia a small Island on the Coast of Cilicia Grampond a Market and Borough-Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder which returns two Members of Parliament Gran Strigonium a City of the Lower Hungary seated on the South-West side of the River Danube where the River Gran falls into the Danube It s Castle is a very fine Pile built upon the Banks of the Danube upon a Rock which is very steep The City is of a Triangular form It has two great Towers one toward Thomasberg and the other towards the Danube over against Barkan between these Towers there is a Wall which has small Flanks and Redoubts and a Dike flanked with hewen Stone at the foot of the Dike there runs a Terrasse which has strong Pallisadoes and four great Points instead of Ravelins the other side towards the Danube has nothing but Walls and Pallisadoes it is very steep on that side and secured by the River The Castle stands very high but there are two Mountains from which it may be battered This City is divided into two parts the High and the Low Town the last commanding the Danube they are both very strong and have good Walls S. Thomas's Hill is also well fortified because being very near the Town it would otherwise have commanded it There are in it excellent temperate Baths This City was heretofore the Capital of Hungary and has many magnificent Buildings in it as S. Stephens Church the Archbishops Palace c. The Country about it affords excellent Wines there is plenty of hot Springs so that the pleasantness of its situation and the fertility of the Soil easily induced the ancient Kings of Hungary to settle here The importance of this Place has brought upon it many bloody Sieges John King of Hungary besieged it without any success about 1529. Solyman the Magnificent took it in 1544. The Count of Mansfield retook it for the Arch-Duke Matthias in 1595. It was lost again by the Cowardize of the Garrison in 1605. the Governour being accidentally killed Just over against it stands Barkan to which there is a Bridge of Boats over the Danube which together with Barkan was burnt by the Christians in 1664. In 1683. there was under the Walls of this City a sharp Engagement between the Turks and Germans the latter prevailing and taking the City of Gran also October 23 after they had beat the Turks from Vienna July 30. 1685. the Turks again besieged this City but were forced to retire Aug. 16. with the loss of all their Cannon and Baggage It stands six German Miles from Alba Regalis to the East the same from Buda to the North and Comora to the South in a most fruitful and pleasant Plain Called by the Inhabitants Stegran by the Germans Gran by the Italians Strigonia S. Stephen King of Hungary was born here This City is also an Archbishops See the Archbishop is perpetual Chancellor of the Kingdom of Hungary and ought by his place to have the Honour of Crowning the King after he is
of a different both Stature and Humour from the rest of France which is not much to be wondered at considering the English Nation for three hundred years together were possess'd of this Country See Gascoigne The principal Rivers of it are the Garonne and the Dordonne which meet at Retraicte and in one Channel fall into the Ocean The chief Cities are Bourdeaux Baionne and Dax or D'Acqs Guienne is thought to be but a Corruption of Aquitania which was the Roman Name for it then enlarged to a sar greater Extent Guilan or Guilao the Hyrcanian Sea Guilford the Capital Town of the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Woking which returns two Members to the House of Commons It is pleasantly situated upon the River Wey containing three Parishes well frequented accommodated and handsom The Saxon Kings had a Royal Mansion here in whose time it was a Place of greater Extent The Ruins of a large old Castle near the River remain yet to be seen In the year 1660. King Charles II created Elizabeth Viscountess of Kinelmalky in Ireland Countess of this Place for her Life In 1674. the Title of Earl of Guilford was granted by the same King to John Maitland the late Duke of Lautherdale in Scotland After whom the late Lord Francis North received the Title of Baron Guilford from the same King also S. Guillain Gislenopolis a Town in Hainault which has a Monastery belonging to it Taken by the French in 1654. and retaken by the Spaniards in 1656. Guimaranes Catraleucos Vimananum Egita Araduca once a City and frequently mentioned as such now a small Village in Entre Douero è Minho in Portugal three Leagues from Braga towards the East This was the Place where S. Damasus one of the ancient Popes was born Guinee Guinea a very great Country on the Western Shoars of Africa which by the Portuguese the first Discoverers of it is divided into two Parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper Guinee is bounded with Nigritia on the North the Atlantick Ocean on the South and has the Kingdom of Congo on the East and the Mountains of Leon on the West It is a very fruitful Country in Gold Ivory Sugar Cotton Rice c. of a great Extent from East to West and much frequented by the European Ships It is divided into three Parts Guinee properly so called which lies in the middle Malâ—gueta which lies to the West and the Kingdom of Beni which lies to the East § Guinee properly so called is a very large Country in Africa upon the Shoars of the Ocean between Malegueta to the West from which it is separated by the Cape of Palmes and the Kingdom of Beni to the East from which it is divided by the River de la Volta It is divided into la Coste d'or which lies East between the Rivers Asien and la Volta and la Coste des Dents which lies West between the Cape of Palmes and the River Asien by which it is parted from the former On the Coste d'or are many Castles belonging to the English Swedes Danes and Hollanders This Country was discovered in 1365. by the French as is pretended Baudrand But in the dismal Wars between the English and French under Charles VI and VII they were forc'd to omit the Prosecution of this Navigation Hofman It is much more probable and better attested that it was discovered in 1452 by Henry Duke of Visco Son of John I. King of Portugal But then the Spaniards in 1477. pursued this Discovery and till 1479 excluded the first Discoverers who regaining the Trade in the Island of S. George built he the strong Fort or Town of Mina in 1486. to secure their Trade there for the future and command all the rest of this Coast Which was the first Place built by the Europeans on this Coast New-Guinee this Country has not been hitherto so far discovered as that we know whether it be an Island or a Part of the Continent of the Terra Australis It is separated from Terra de Papaous which lies East of Ceram and Gilolo in the East-Indies in 51 deg of Southern Lat. by a narrow Straight of the Sea Guinegat a small Town in Artois made famous by a great Defeat of the French Forces by the Flandrians in 1479. by which Victory Maximilian the Emperor then married to Mary the Daughter of Charles the Hardy the last Duke of Burgundy recovered Tournay out of the Hands of the French and settled the Low-Countries in the House of Austria It lies three French Miles from S Omar to the South the same from Renty to the East and two from Ayre to the West Guines a fine Town two Miles East of Calais and the Capital of a County of the same Name having Boulonois on the South and East Terre d'Oye on the North and the German Sea or Streights of Calais on the East This County was of old a Part of Boulonois and the Town belonged then to Picardy King Edward III. of England possessed himself of both in 1351. to whom afterwards they were confirmed by a Treaty in 1360. And in the Reign of Charles VI. of France lost again to that Crown Guipuscoa Ipuscoa now a Province but once a Kingdom in Spain In the middle Times annexed to the Kingdom of Navar but now separated from it and united to Biscay By which it is bounded on the West on the South it has Aâ—ava on the North the Bay of Biscay and the Kingdom of Navar on the East The principal Cities in it are Tolosa which is the Capital S. Sebastian and Fontarabie It is about thirty six Miles in Compass anciently peopled by the Cantabri a hardy and a valiant People This Country was wrested from the Crown of Navar in 1079. by Alphonsus I King of Castile but it was restored again and continued under that Crown till 1200. when it revolted to Castile again and ever since it has been united to Biscay Guir Dirus a River of Mauritania Guise Guisa Guisia a Town in Picardy in France in the Territory of Tierache which has a Castle seated upon the River Oise in the Confines of Hainault nine Miles from Cambray to the South five from la Fere to the North-East and about seventeen from Amiens to the East This Town was besieged by the Spaniards without any Success in 1650. But that which made it most remarkable was the Dukes of Guise who in former times had a very great Hand in all the Affairs of France from the Reign of Francis I. to that of Henry IV. This Family was a Branch of the House of Lorrain advanced by Francis I. in 1528. from Counts or Earls of Guise which was their Inheritance to Dukes of the same Place The first thus raised was Claude the Son of Renate II. He had eight Sons of which were Francis Duke of Guise Claudius Duke of Aumale and Renatus Marquess of Ellebove Francis became very famous by his defence of Mets against Charles V.
the French in 1673. but now return'd under its former Master Ham a City in Picardy in France in Vermandois upon the River Some four Leagues from S. Quintin to the South-West and sixteen from Amiens to the East Haman Hama Emisa Apamea a City of Syria called vulgarly Hems. It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Orontes now called Farfar between Arethusa to the North and Laodicea to the South about forty three Miles from Damascus to the North eighty from Antioch and thirty from Aleppo Our later Maps make Haman and Hemz two several places Apamea and Emisa are by Baudrand made several Cities Vid. Hemz Hamay or Haimage a Town and Monastery in Flanders Hamburgh Gambrivii Hamburgum Treva is one of the most celebrated Cities and Sea-Ports of Germany seated in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Holstein upon the River Elbe yet an Imperial Free City not subject to any Prince and one of the Principal Hanse-Towns in Germany Heretofore it was dignified with an Archbishops See but the Chair was removed to Bremen in 830. by Ansgarius the Bishop with the Consent of Lewis the Emperour This City is placed in the Territory of Stormaren eighteen German Miles from the German Ocean which yet Tides up to it fifteen from Bremen to the North ten from Lubeck to the South and seven from Stade to the East Very strongly fortified rich populous and in a growing condition It has its Name from one Hâ—mmion a great Man its Benefactor Charles the Great erected it against the Danes in 809 Heridagus was the first Ansgarius the second and last Archbishop of it Subject to Albion Prince of the North Elbingers in the beginning afterwards to Herman Billengen Son of Otto the First Duke of the Lower Saxony and to his Son Bennâ—s after him in whom this Line ended Adolphus Count of Schawenburg in 1137. governed this City and Holstein for Lotharius Duke of Saxony Adolphus III. granted it many and great Privileges for Money â—â— which were confirmed by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperour In his absence in the East Henry the Lion ruin'd it but Adolphus upon his return recovered and rebuilt it he did not long survive being slain in Battel in 1203. by Waldemarus Duke of Sleswick Brother of Canutus King of Denmark Canutus gave this City to Albertus Duke of Orlamand who sold his Right which Sale was confirmed by Adolphus the third Duke of Holstein and ever since the City has been a Free State though the Dukes of Holstein still pretend a Right and Title to it Frederick II. in 1579. had a Controversie with it which was ended by the payment of Money It embraced the Lutheran Confession at the first Publication of it yet it tolerates the Caâ—oinists and gave shelter to the English in the Reign of Queen Mary who in 1554. fled hither In 1686. the present King of Denmark suddenly sat down before it with an Army of thirty thousand Men but the Winter coming on and the Neighbour Princes espousing their Cause and sending them Forces into the City he was forced to retire those within on whom he relied being discovered and afterwards Tryed and Executed They think themselves obliged hereby to be very jealous of all the motions of that King to whom they declare their firm Resolutions to maintain to the uttermost all their Privileges and Immunities whatsoever There is hardly in the World a finer City nor a larger and safer Port than this it is said to have done Homage to Christian III. as Duke of Holstein in 1604. Hamel a Town near Corbie upon a River that falls into the Some in Picardy Hamelen Hamala Hamelia a City of Germany in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick between Hildesheim to the East and Paderborne to the West upon the Visurgis Weser which parts this Dukedom from Westphalia and beneath Bremen falls into the German Ocean It stands twenty Miles from Bremen to the South-East fourteen from Brunswick to the South-West twenty six from Hamburgh to the South and twenty three from Fuld to the North. This City belongs to the Bishop of Hildesheim and the Earl of Lippe was heretofore under the Abbot of Fuld before Albert Duke of Brunswick received it into his Protection which in time turned from a Protectory to a Sovereign Jurisdiction as is usual It is now under the Duke of Brunswick Hannouer Near this Place the Austrians received a fatal Overthrow from the Suedes and Lunenburgers at the Castle of Ottendorp in 1633. Hamiltown a Castle in the County of Cluydsdale in Scotland upon the Cluyd or Glotta above Bothwel ten English Miles from Glascow to the South and thirty five from Edenburgh to the West which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best Families in Scotland in whose Possession it is Hammeren Hammaria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim in the Province of Aggerhuis in the Confines of Dalecarlia a Province of Sweden very small It stands thirty Swedish Miles from Bergen to the East and twenty from Anslo Ansloga to the North. This Bishoprick is united to that of Anslo Hampton-Court a Noble Country House belonging to the King of England in Middlesex ten Miles from London on the Thames built by Cardinal Woolsey in the Reign of Henry VIII who also built White-Hall the common Residence of our Kings ever since Hamsa See Haman Hanaw Hanovia a strong Town in Franconia in Germany upon the River Kinâ—z which a little lower falls into the Mayne between Franckfort to the West and Aschaffenburg to the East three Miles from either and ten from Marpurg to the South This City has suffered very much in the late Swedish and German Wars Hani Ecbatana a great City in the Kingdom of Persia the Capital of the Medes and a Regal City mentioned by Pliny Strabo and Ptolemy Said to be built by Arphaxad now supposed to be Tauris See Tauris Hannonia See Hainault Hannover Hannower Hannovera Hanouer a German City in the Dukedom of Brunswick in the Territory of Calemberg upon the River Leina Leine which falls into the Weser beneath Ferden four Miles above Bremen from which last Hannover stands sixteen Miles to the South-West five from Hildesheim to the North-West and six from Brunswick to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but afterwards exempted It s Prince who is of the House of Brunswick possesseth one half of the Dukedom of Brunswick with the Territory of Calemberg and Grubenhagen and has under him Hannover Hamelen Gottingen Newstad and Limbeck This City is very well fortified The present Duke John Frederick is a Roman Catholick younger Brother to the Duke of Zell But the City of Hannover was one of those which entered the Smalcaldick League as appeareth in Sleidan And therefore I suppose the People are generally of the Reformed Religion Hantshire Hantonia a County in the West of England bounded on the South by the British Sea and the Isle
Ravensberg once an Imperial and Free City governed by its own Magistrates but in 1647. taken by the Duke of Brandenburg as Count of Ravensberg of which this was pretended to be a Member In 1673. it was retaken by the French and soon after deserted and restored to that Duke It stands ten German Miles from Munster to the East five from Minden There is in it a Nunnery the Abbess of which is a Princess of the Empire Herzegovina Arcegovina Chulmia Zachulmia Ducatus S. Sabae a Province in Servia called by the Turks Caratze-dag-ili that is the Black VVood by the Inhabitants Herzegovina by the French Le Duché de Saint Saba It is the upper part of the Kingdom of Bosnia lying upon Dalmatia towards the West and South the principal Town in it is S. Saba This was heretofore under Dukes of its own of the Family of Cossa in Venice Hesdin or Hesdin-Fert Hesdinum Hedena a fortified Town in the Borders of Artois upon the River Chanche Quantia which falls into the British Sea below Staple to the North. Built by the Spaniards in 1554. in the place where the Village of Mesnil formerly stood as a Fort against the French who have several times since taken it till in 1659. by the Pyrenean Treaty it was yielded to them It is seated in a Morass eight Miles from Abbevill to the North. Heserwaldt a Forest in the Dukedom of Cleves Hesperia the Name of Spain and Italy amongst some ancient Geographers Hessen See Hassia Hessi the People of Hessen or Hassia which drove out the Chatti and possessed their Land Heszgang the Cataracts of the Danube in Austria beneath Lentz Hethy Ocetis one of the Isles of Orkney called also Hoy. Hetland the same with Shetland another of those Isles Hetruria a large Country in the ancient division of Italy lying betwixt the Tyber the Apennine Mountains the Tyrrhenian Sea and separated from Liguria by the River Macra now Magra It was likewise called Thuscia The present Toscana or Province of Tuscany containing the greatest part of it Heu Itis the same with Assin a small River in Ross in the North-West part of Scotland Hexamili Isthmus Corinthiacus that Neck of Land which joins the Morea to the rest of Greece called thus because it is six Miles over This Passage has been attempted to be cut through to make the Morea an Island by Demetrius Julius Caesar Caligula Nero and after by Herodes Atticus a private Person These all failing it was walled against the Turks by a Grecian Emperour in 1413. By the Venetians in 1224. Amurath II. threw down this Wall in 1463. Mahomet II. in 1465. intirely ruined it though the Venetians had spared neither labour nor charge to fortifie and strengthen it making to the Wall one hundred and thirty six Towers and three Castles In 1687. the Venetians cast out the Turks again and are possessed of it See Morea Herham a Market Town in the County of Northumberland in Tindale Ward upon the River Tyne and the South side of the River Trent This has been anciently a place of great account For in the Infancy of the Saxon Church we read in Bede it was an Episcopal See with the Title of Episcopus Hagulstadiensis in the Person of S. Eata the fifth Bishop of Landisfarne and the first of Hexham to whom afterwards succeeded nine others till the fury of the Danes discontinued it and the Jurisdiction was annexed to the See of York King Henry VIII removed it from that See to the County of Northumberland whereby it became annexed to the Bishoprick of Durham The Church here was scarce inferiour to any in England before the Scots pulled a great part of it down It is fourteen Miles from Newcastle to the East and hath claimed the privilege of being a County Palatine Heydon See Headen Heyssant an Island upon the Coast of Bretagne in France Hiamuen a strong Town in the Province of Fokien in China in a near adjacent Island to the South of Ganhay from whence the Merchandises of China are transported into the Indies and the Philippine Islands It is a considerable Place as well for its Buildings as its Commerce yet the Chinese give it but the Name of a Fort because it is a Garrison Hichan the same with Chios an Island in the Mediterranean Hickling a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Happing Hidro a Mountain in Otranto in Italy Hielmeer a Lake in Sweden between the Provinces of Suderman and Neritia Hierapolis an ancient Archiepiscopal City of Syria The See was subject to the Patriarch of Antioch Also called Bambyca § There was a second in the Province now called Germian or Phrygia Major in the Lesser Asia which was likewise an Archiepiscopal See under the same Patriarch The Turks call the Ruins of this latter yet extant Bamboukale Hieres Olbia Area a small Town upon the Coast of Provence in France two Leagues from Thoulon which communicates its Name to those Islands in the Mediterranean over against it called the Hieres This was an ancient Colony of the People of Marseilles who then gave it the Name of Olbia from the Happiness of the Soil it stands in and being afterwards changed to Area it thence came to be called Hieres Charles I. King of Jerusalem and Earl of Provence purchased it of the Viscounts of Marseilles being heretofore one of the strongest Garrisons on the Coast of Provence and the ordinary place of embarquation for the Pilgrims to the Holy Land It has been adorned with a Collegiate Church ever since 1572. Hiero-Caesarea an ancient City of Doris in the Lesser Asia so called in honour of Caesar before Hierapolis Tacitus reckons it amongst the twelve Towns to which being in a great part all ruined by an Earthquake in one night Caesar remitted their Tribute for five years to recompence their loss There stood a celebrated Temple here dedicated by Cyrus to Diana L'Hiesmois Oximensis Pagus a Territory in Normandy which takes its Name from Hiesmes a Town in Normandy sixteen Miles from Caen to the South-East and eighteen from Mans to the North. Higham-Ferris a Corporation in the County of Northampton which has the Election of two Parliament-men The Capital of its Hundred It stands upon the Eastern banks of the River Nen with a Bridge over the same a Free-School an Alms-house and anciently a Castle whose Ruins yet are visible Highworth a Market Town in Wiltshire The Capital of its Hundred Hiind Indus the great River in the East-Indies Hildesheim Ascalingium Hildesia Hildesheimum Brennopolis a City in the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz erected by S. Lewis the Emperour it is seated upon the River Innerste not above two Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Brunswick seven from Zell to the South and six from Hamelen to the East The Bishop being the only Roman Catholick Bishop in all Saxony is the Protector of it which is otherwise a Free Imperial
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
now in the Kingdom of Arragon supposed to be built by Pompey the Great but certainly called by this very Name by Ptolemy It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saragoza and stands upon the River Aragona at the Foot of the Pyrenean Hills twenty one Baudrand saith sixteen Spanish Miles from Saragoza to the North eight from the Confines of France and eight from Huesca in Arragon to the North-West This City is the Capital of the County of Arragon The Jacobites Under this Name says P. Simon in general we may comprehend all the Monophysites of the East i. e. such as acknowledge one only Nature the Humane in Jesus Christ in which Latitude the Armenians Cophtites and Abyssines will be included But it more particularly denotes a separate Church of Christians in Syria and Mesopotamia consisting of about forty or forty five thousand Families under a Patriarch of their own who keeps his Residence at Caramit and assumes the title of the Patriarch of Antioch having divers Metropolitans under him Jacobus Zanzalus a Syrian of the sixth Century dressing up a particular Creed out of the opinions of Eutyches and Dioscorus was the Founder of this Church which therefore retains his Christian Name Amongst other customs and tenents they deny the Trinity they circumcise their Children first then baptize them upon their forehead with a hot Iron because of the words Matth. 3. 11. He shall baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire And no endeavours of the Roman See whose Supremacy they disown have hitherto been sufficient to alter their Principles Jacamcury a City of the Hither East-Indies called of old Sosicurae as Castaldus conjectures Jacuby a River of Tartary which falls into the Caspian Sea on the Confines of Bochar Jada Lade an Island in the Archipelago Jader or Jada Jadica Guttalus a River of Germany more commonly called the Oder It falls in the Baltick Sea near Stetin having watered Silesia Marchia and Pomerania Hoffman placeth it in East Friseland Others in the County of Oldemburg in the Circle of Westphalia See Oder It gives Name to a Town at its fall Jadog a River in Africa called Rubricatus Armua and Ardalia of old Ladog and Guadilbarber as well as Jadog in later Writers It falls into the Mediterranean Sea through the Kingdom of Tunis Jaen Giennium Gienna Aurigi Iliturgis Aurinx Oringe Oningis is a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo ever since 1249 having been three years before recovered by Ferdinando out of the Hands of the Moors It is a great and populous City in the Kingdom of Andalusia upon the River Guadalbollon where it receives that of Susanna twelve Miles from the Guadalquivir to the South towards the Borders of Granada and eighteen from Alcala to the South-East This City has been heretofore so considerable as to bear the title of a Kingdom Jafanapatan Jaffanapatan a City on the North of the Island of Ceylan in the East-Indies in the Hands of the Dutch who have built it a good Fortress and the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name It lies in Long. 110. 00. Lat. 10. 07. Jaffo or Jaffa Joppe a Maritime City of Palestine in the Tribe of Dan upon the Mediterranean Sea twenty four Miles from Jerusalem thought to be one of the ancientest in the World as having been built and so named by Japhet the Son of Noah Famous in all ages for the convenience of its Port at which particularly Hiram King of Tyre his Fleet laden with Cedar and Marble for the building of K. Solomon's Temple discharg'd and Jonas the Prophet took Ship for Tharsis St. Peter also here raised Tabitha from the dead and saw the Vision of the Beasts This City was ruined by Judas Macchabeus and afterwards by the Emperor Titus Next the Arabians established themselves in it from whom the Christians under Godfrey of Bovillon recovered it rebuilt the Castle and made it a strong Garrison adorning it likewise with the title of an Earldom and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Cesarea In the Year 1188. Saladine overcame and dismantled it But Richard I. King of England and S. Lewis King of France successively repair'd it again till it fell finally into the hands of the Saracens in 1252. Now it consists of some poor Houses with a small Fort garrisoned for the Bassa of Gaza nothing of its ancient Buildings appearing but in their ruins Jagerndorff Carnovia or Karnow a Town in Silâ—sia in Bohemia the Capital of a District of the same Name and heretofore under the Duke of Brandenburgh It stands upon the River Oppa which near Hilschin falls into the Oder four German Miles from Ratibor a City of Bohemia towards the West and about three from the Confines of Moravia there is in it a very splendid and magnificent Castle S. Jago-Cavallero a small Town in the Island of Hispaniola in America twenty Leagues from S. Domingo to the East near a Mountain from whence the rains bring down little pieces of Gold The Inhabitants trade to San Domingo in Hides and Tallow Jagos a vagabond Barbarian People of Africa abounding more especially in the Kingdom of Ansico in the Lower Aethiopia or according to others in Congo without a certain abode living by robbery and carnage Parents and Children 't is said have no horrour amongst them to eat the flesh of one another Jagel one of the Heads of Dwina See Dwina Jagntevo a City of Servia built on a Plain amongst the Hills not above half a Days Journey from Monte-Novo another City of the same Province It is pretty considerable and has some Christians residing in it though under the Dominion of the Turks Jaitza or Jaicz Jaitia Gaitia Jaycza a City of Bosnia towards the Confines of Croatia upon the River Plena defended by a strong Castle which is in the Hands of the Turks as Calchondylas saith The Kings or Despotes of Bosnia did heretofore reside here Jakotyn a small Town in the Vkrain in the Palatinate of Kiovia beyond the Nieper which has a strong Castle It stands upon the River Supoi eleven Miles from Kiovia to the East and about thirteen from the Nieper into which the Supoi falls six Miles above Czyrkassy This Town belongs to the Muscovites now Jala a Kingdom in the Eastern part of the Island of Ceylan in the East-Indies with a City of the same Name little inhabited by reason the Air is very contagious Jalea Elis a City in the Morea Jalina Acherusia a Lake in Epirus Jalines Macaria a Town in Cyprus towards its North End Ialofes the People of the Kingdom of Senega in Nigritia in Africa lying betwixt those two branches of the Niger the Rivers Senega and Gambay Their Emperour is called the Grand Jalof and takes the Style of the Soveraign of thirteen or fourteen Kingdoms The Capital where he keeps his Court is Tubacatum There are no Towns or Cities walled in all this Empire Tobacco Hides Ivory Gum-arabick Ambergrease Wax Dates and Maze
mostly discovered from this Cape and the Island of Tenedos in the Aegoan Sea stands at the distance of a League from it Ianowitz a small Town in Bohemia where the Swedes in 1645 gained a great Victory over the Imperialists six German Miles from Prague to the North-West towards the Confines of Moravia Iaocheu a great City in the Province of Kiangsi in China with a Territory of the same Name whereof it is the Capital extending its jurisdiction over six other great Towns and particularly remark'd for good Porcelain Ware Iantra See Ischar Iapan Japonia a vast Country in the Eastern Ocean called by the Inhabitants Niphon by the Chinians Gepuen that is the East and from thence by the Europeans Japan On the West it is bounded by the Sea of China which divides it from China and the Island or Promontory of Corea It is supposed to be an Island one hundred and fifty German Miles in length seventy in breadth The Inhabitants are all under one Prince Heathens and sworn Enemies of Christianity which begun to take rooting amongst them by the Preaching of the Portuguese but was extirpated by Fire Sword and the bloodiest Persecution that ever was practised amongst Men. The Dutch who Trade here are secured with the utmost Caution that they may not surprize any part of the Shoar or build any Fort or do any other Act whereby they may settle themselves nor will they permit them to see more of the Country than one small Peninsula or of the Inhabitants than those they Trade with and for a long time they would not permit them to Land Buy or Sell till they had renounced their Christianity This Island lies sixty Leagues from Cantan a Province of China to the East and about three hundred from New Spain in America mountainous and generally barren but it maintains a vast number of Cattle yet the Inhabitants do not know how to make either Butter or Cheese This Island totally unknown to the Ancients was first discovered by Antonio Mota a Portuguese in 1542. The Jesuits in 1556 sent S. Francis Xavier to Preach here who is called therefore the Apostle of Japan at first they had great success insomuch that in the Year 1587 they pretended to have gained two hundred thousand Converts But this lasted not long for about the Year 1622 there began so dreadful a Persecution as is no where to be met with and these new Converts having never been well grounded in their new Religion Apostatized so fast that in seven years there were very few Christians to be found and perhaps at this time none This Country lies in 35 degrees of Lat. In Long. betwixt 171. and 188. The air very healthful and generally cold The Earth affords Gold Silver and Pearl watered by divers Rivers and Lakes with good Ports Some describe it to be a Mass of many Islands going altogether under the Name of Japan and that the three most considerable are Niphonia Ximo and Nicoco The Japonese are jealous fierce pompous in their habits and language sincere in Commerce and ingenious imitators of the Characters and Hyeroglyphicks of the Chinese from whom they descend The principal City is Meaco tho the Emperor of late has resided at Jendo Iapara a Kingdom in the North of the Island of Java in the East-Indies with a City of the same Name which has a good Port. Iappenaw Japodes a small District in Carniola under the Emperor Iaracazes Canea two Rocks at the entrance of the Euxme Sea in the Propontis Iaretta Terias Simethus the greatest River in the Island of Sicily it falls into the Sea three Miles from Catania to the South West Iarnac Jarnacum a small Town in Angoulmois upon the River Charente dignified with the Title of an Earldom between Angoulesme to the East and Saintes to the West eight Miles from either memorable for a Battel here fought in the Year 1569 betwixt the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots in which the old Prince of Condy who commanded the latter was slain by one Montesque a Captain under the Duke of Anjou afterwards K Henry III. the head of the Catholicks tho he offered one hundred thousand Crowns for his Ransom and the Hugenots defeated after a bloody Fight of ten hours continuance Iaromitz a small Town in Bohemia upon the Elbe twelve Miles from Prague to the East Iaroslaw a pleasant Town in Red Russia belonging to the Poles upon the River Sane with a Castle forty five Polish Miles from Warsaw to the South thirty five from Cassovia to the North-East and twenty from Lemburg to the North-West near this place the Swedes gave the Poles a fatal overthrow in 1656. In 1625. it suffered much by Fire Iaroslaw a great City in Muscovy which is the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name and has in it a Timber Castle it is seated upon the Wolga thirty German Miles South of Wolgda thirty seven North of Moscho The Dukedom of Jaroslaw is very great and lies between that of Wologda to the North Rostow to the South and the River Wolga to the East Governed by a Prince of its own till John Basilovits Duke of Russia Conquered it and annexed it to his own Dominions Since that it has been given to the eldest Son of the Duke of Muscovy as his Title and Residence Iarrow a Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester Ward deserving a remark for being the Birth place of the Venerable Bede Iarsey Caesarea an Island on the Coast of Normandy and part of the Dukedom of Normandy but now annexed to the County of Southampton This and Guernsey being all that is left to the Kings of England of their great Dominions in France from the Shoars of which it lies about five Miles to the West and thirty from those of England to the South The Inhabitants speak a Norman kind of French There are in it twelve Parishes and two Gastles Montorgueil and Elizabeth This Island was one of the last that yielded to the prevailing Rebels not without force in October 1651. after the Kings return to France from the Battel of Worcester The same Prince in 1663. sent them a Silver Mace to be born before their Chief Magistrate as a remembrance of this their fidelity to him in his greatest distress Iasque a Principality of the Kingdom of Persia upon the Borders of the Province of Kherman extended along the Sea Coast from thence betwixt the Cape Jasque and Cape Guadel which two are the most Southern points of Persia and possessed by three petty Princes of whom the chief takes the Style of the Prince of Jasque This Prince after the Conquest of Ormus by Cha-Abas I. K. of Persia paid a yearly tribute to that Crown which being remitted in the Reign of Cha-Sephi his Successor Cha-Abas II. endeavoured by War to compel the Prince of Jasque again to pay the same but in his attempts was beaten Jassy or Yassi Jassium a City of Walachia called by the French Jas upon the River Pruth
Mount Hemus dividing Macedonia from Thrace Kassel See Cassel Katsbach Cattus a River in Silesia which washeth Lignitz Kaufbeurn Kaufbura a City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow upon the River Wertach between the Bishoprick of Ausburg to the East and the Territory of the Abbat of Kempten not above sixteen Miles from the Confines of Bavaria to the West eight from Ausburg to the South and five from Nimmeguen to the East This Town bought its Liberty of Conrade II. Emperour of Germany at the price of fifty thousand Crowns when it had been two hundred years in the Possession of the Barons Uon Hoff who coming out of France into the Service of Lotharius the Emperour built it in 1340. It embraced the Reformation in 1624. Kaunberg See Haynburgh Keci Daona the Capital City of the Kingdom of Tunking in the East-Indies Kederminster or Kidderminster a Market Town in Worcestershire in the Hundred of Halfshire upon the River Stower over which it has a Bridge well inhabited and traded for its Stuffs and beautified with a fair Church Keisers-Lautern Caesaropolis a City in the Palatinate of the Rhine upon the River Lauter near the Dukedom of Bipont six Leagues from Spire to the West a little less from Worms called by the French Caseloutre it has a Castle and a Territory or Jurisdiction belonging to it which surrendred to the Marquess de Boufflers the thirtieth of September 1688. Kelaggebar See Petra Keldan Chaldaea a Province of Asia in Assyria towards the Conjunction of the Euphrates and Tygris often called Babylonia from its Capital City This Province which lay all on the West of the Euphrates and Tygris by the taking of Bagdat fell under the Dominion of the Turks whereas before it was under the Persians The Principal Cities in it are Bagdat Cufa and Vaset It is now called Yerach Arabi and Kaldar Kelh or Kill Kylli Celbis a rapid River of Germany much celebrated for plenty of Fish and Corn Mills It washeth Gerhardstein Kilburgh and Erang then falls into the Maes beneath Treves almost over against the Mouth of the Roer or Rober. This River is called Rapidus Celbis in Ausonius Kellen Trdjana Colonia once a City now a Village in the Dukedom of Cleves Keller Ampt the Territory belonging to the City of Zell in the Bishoprick of Breme upon the River Aller See Zell Kelnsey Ocellum a Promontory in the South of the East Riding of Yorkshire commonly called Holderness upon the North side of the Humber over against Saltfleet in Lincolnshire See Holderness Kemach Camachus a City of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia in the Borders of the Lesser Armenia which was made a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople by Leo the Emperour Now a mean Village under the slavery of the Turks Baudrand writes it Chemach Kemois a People in Chochin-China Kempen or Kampen a Territory in Brabant which was of old the Seat of the Toxandri by the latter Latin Writers called Campinia It is called by the Flandrians Het Kempelandt The greatest part of it lies in the North of the Bishoprick of Liege towards the Maes and the District of Boisleduc and contains also the South part of the Counties of Lootz and Hoorn in which are the Towns of Masark Bering c. The lasser part of it lies in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Territory of Boisleduc between Peeland Osterwick and the Kempen in Liege The only Town of any Note in this part is Eyndhoven which is in the Hands of the Hollanders See Eyndhoven Kempten Drusomagus Campodunum Campidona a City of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow It is one of the most ancient Cities of Germany being mentioned by Ptolemy and had heretofore a Castle called the Burghald which is now pulled down and ruined This was the Seat of the old Dukes of Schwaben amongst which Hildebrand was of great fame whose Daughter Hildegard marrying to Charles the Great founded here a Monastery the Abbat of which as a Prince of the Empire was Lord of the City till the Inhabitants purchased their Liberty of one of them with a vast sum of Mony after which it was annexed to the Empire and in 1625. obtained a Charter from Frederick III. who gave them an Eagle for their Arms one half Gold with a Crown Maximilian I. and Charles V. both determined the Controversies between them and their Abbot It is now governed by a mixture of an Aristocracy and a Democracy and it embraced the Reformation in 1530. This City is seated upon the River Iler which falls into the Danube over against Vlm five German Miles from Memmingen to the South twelve from Constance to the East and twelve from Vlm to the South The Monastery founded by Hildegardis was of the Order of St. Benedict Ken or Kan a River of Westmorland on which Kendall stands having two Cataracts descending with a great noise near that place Kenchester Ariconium a desolate Roman Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Grimsworth Kendal a Town Earldom and Barony in Westmorland seated upon the West side of the River Ken or Kan in the South part of that County in a fruitful Valley The Town is not great but rich being a place of Trade and the Inhabitants very industrious in making Cloaths It has two fair Stone Bridges over the River and another of Wood. Also a large Church to which belong twelve Chappels of Ease and a Free-School endowed with Exhibitions for Scholars going thence to Queen's College in Oxon and seven Halls for so many respective Companies of Tradesmen John Duke of Bedford Regent of France and Brother to Henry V. was by him created Earl of Kendale John de Foix received the same Title from King Henry VI. Queen Catharine the sixth Wife to King Henry VIII was born in a Castle here whose ruins may yet be seen The Barony is in the Earl of Pembroke The Ward called Kendal Ward takes its Name from this place Kenelworth a large beautiful strong Castle in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow which in the Reign of Henry III. stood a Siege of six Months and being at last surrendred there was here a Proclamation issued out That all that had born Arms against the King should pay five years Rent of their Land which was called Dictum de Kenelworth In the Reign of Queen Elizabeth it was given to Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester who spent very freely in the Repair of it so that it was then the second or third Castle of England Kenet a River in Wiltshire running Westward thence through Berkshire into the Thames at Reading where a fair Bridge covers it Newbury and Hungerford are both seated upon it Kenkis Anchialo Anohialus a City of Thrace which is an Archbishops See and has a Haven upon the Mouth of the River Eriginus upon the Euxine fifteen Miles from Mesember to the South-East It is under the Turks and not expressed in our latest Maps Kensington a Town in Middlesex in
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of
Capital of that Kingdom to the North and Malaca to the South three hundred and eighty Miles from either it has a good Harbour Ligorne Livorno Ligurnus Liburnus portus Leghorn an ancient and celebrated Sea-Port mentioned by Polybius Antoninus and Cicero It is called by the Italians Livorno by the English Legorne by the French Ligourne seated in the Territory of Pisa on the West of Italy under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence in a Plain fifteen Miles from Pisa to the South ten from the Mouth of the Arno forty from Piombino to the North and sixty from Florence to the South-West There belongs to it a large and a safe Haven very much frequented by Merchants the Great Duke to secure the Wealth and Trade of it has built three strong Forts upon it This City belonged heretofore to the States of Genoua Cosmus de Medices Duke of Florence had it from them in exchange for Serezana being then a poor despicable Village not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness oâ— the Air corrupted by the Marshes near it Francis and Ferdinando two of his Successors having improved its condition by making it a Free-Port at a time when the Genouse had excessively inhansed their Imposts upon the Merchants built the three Forts and walled the Town and built in it also a Noble Palace for the Governour and for the Reception of Foreign Ambassadors with a large Arsenal or Magazin It has two Havens the greater is extreamly large safe and convenient for Ships of any Burthen the lesser called Darsi is of some use for smaller Ships See Du Val Voyage d Ital. Liguria a part of the ancient Gallia Cisalpina in Italy now contained in the States of Genoua Liiflandt See Livonia Lilers Lilerium a Town in Artois upon the River Navez seven Leagues from Arras to the North. Lille L'Isle Insula Insulae a City in Flanders called by the Inhabitants Lyssel by the English Lisle by the Italians Lida is the Capital of Flandria Gallica a great strong populous place well Traded upon the River Deuller Lewis XIV the present King of France took this from the Spaniards in 1667. It lies five Leagues from Ypre to the South six from Doway four from the Borders of Artois and five from Tournay Built by Baldwin IV. Count of Flanders in 1007. Baldwin the Pious his Son being born here favoured it very much and on that account walled it in 1066. and built in it also a magnificent Church and a delicate Monastery There is saith L. Guicciardin a good Castle in it and the Ruins of an old one called Buck where the Governours for the ancient French Kings resided which were then instituted the Forestexs of Flanders This City was taken and burnt by Philip II. King of France about 1185. Being rebuilt it was again taken and harassed by Philip IV about 1304. Since then it is much increased saith the same Author by the Industry of the Inhabitants who imploy themselves moâ—â—ly in weaving Silks so that it is raised to be the third City in the Low-Countries after Antiverp and Amslerdam and frequently called in French La petit Paris for its Beauty The French had it confirmed to them in 1668. by the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle It is the Head of a large Chattellany containing divers Villages and strongly fortified § Also a pleasant Town in the County of Venaissin in Provence five or six Leagues from Avignon and about the same from Carpentras in a fruitful Country surrounded by the River Sorgue like an Island and thence called L'isle Lille Illa a River in Aquitain in France which ariseth in the Province of Limosin and flowing through Perigord watereth Perigeux Vesima the Capital of that County and Mucidan at Coutraz it entertains the Dormia from Aubeterre then a little beneath Lisbourne falls into the Dordonne seven Miles above its conjunction with the Garonne Lillebonne or Islebonne Islebonna Juliobona a Town in the Paix de Caux in Normandy in the Diocese of Rouen giving Name to a Branch of the House of Lorrain In the year 1080. the Bishops of Normandy were assembled in a Council here in the presence of William the Conquerour King of England at which the Archbishop of Rouen presided Lillo Lilloa a strong Fort built by the Hollanders upon the Schelde two Leagues beneath Antwerp to the North one above Santvliet or Sanflit to the South and four from Bergen op Zoom At this Fort all Ships that pass up the River to Antwerp are by the Treaty of Minister to stop Lima or Ciudad de Los Reyes Lima the Capital of the Kingdom of Peru a beautiful great well traded City and the See of an Archbishop Built in 1535. by Francis Pizarro a Spaniard in the Valley of Lima called by Natives Rimac The Viceroy of Peru resides here which with other Advantages hath made it very great rich populous and beautiful though it be all built with Timber and an open unwalled Town They compute about five thousand Spaniards and forty thousand Negroes in it a great number of Ecclesiastical Buildings as Churches Convents Colleges and Hospitals and a stately Palace Royal wherein the Vice-Roy keeps his Court. It stands upon a River of the same Name one Mile from the Pacifick Ocean two from its own Harbor called Callao de Lima one hundred and twenty from Cusco the old Metropolis of this Kingdom as Jo. Laei saith It is under the King of Spain and had an University opened in 1614. Long. 296.40 Lat. 23.30 A dreadful Earthquake Octob. 30. 1687. overthrew most of the Buildings both publick and private and buried above a thousand Inhabitants in the Ruins The Ecclesiasticks of Peru have celebrated two or three Councils here Lima Lamia a River in Portugal which washeth the Town of Viana de Foiz de Lima six Leagues from Braga to the West and then falls into the Ocean Limagne Limane Limania or Alimania a small Territory in Auvergne which for the greatest part is contained in that Province It is very well watered and wonderfully fruitful being a Plain upon the River Allier extending from North to South twelve Miles near and below Clermont Limat Limmat Limagus Lindemagus a River in Switzerland which ariseth in the County of Sargans or Sarganzerlandt and runneth North through the Lake of Riva and that of Zurich after which it watereth Zurich and Baden and a little lower falls into the Aar the chief River of Switzerland Limburg a Dutchy and Town in the Low-Countries The Dutchy though one of the Seventeen Provinces is not great It lies between the Duthcy of Juliers to the East and North and the Bishoprick of Liege to the West and South It had heretofore Dukes of its own but upon the Death of Walrame the Third by Dr. Heylin called Henry in 1285. Adolph the next Heir sold it to John Duke of Brabant who pretended at the same time a Right to it as descended from Margaret Daughter of Henry Duke of Limburgh in 1172 married
it It is not very great but as neat and handsom a City as most in Germany There is in it a very great Market-place with never a bad House in it the whole Town is built of a very white free Stone and the Castle upon the Hill is of a Modern building very large there is also a Bridge over the Danube The Imperial Forces Rendezvouzed here when Solyman came to Vienna in 1532. This was also besieged by the Peasants of Austria in the time of Ferdinand II. They having got a Body together of forty thousand Men and many pieces of Ordnance but were stoutly repulsed after many Assaults and at last overcome by Papenheim The late renowned Duke of Lorraine dyed at a Convent near this Lintz See Lorraine Lintz Lentium a small Town upon the Rhine in the Diocese of Cologn in Westerwaldt five Miles beneath Coblentz to the North six from Cologn in the borders of the Dukedom of Juliers Lintzgow Lentinensis Populus a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria Lipari Liparae a knot of small Islands being seven in number belonging to the Kingdom of Sicily they lie in the Tyrrhenian Sea about thirty Miles to the North-West of the Island and the same distance from Calabria to the West Though they belong to Sicily yet Charles V. for his convenience attributed them to the Kingdom of Naples but in 1609. they were restored to Sicily and at this day are holden by the King of Spain as a part of it The ancient Poets Epithet them Aeoliae and Vulcaniae from a fiction of their being the Country of the Gods of those names The principal is the Island called Lipari which has an Episcopal City to enable it under the Metropolitical jurisdiction of Messina in Sicily In 1544. Barberousse the Turkish Admiral ruined this City but it was rebuilt again and a considerable Fortress added to it Lippa a City of Transylvania seated upon the River Marosch which falls in the Tibiscus at Segedin It stands five Hungarian Miles from Temeswar to the North and thirteen from Alba Julia or Weissenburgh to the South-West This City was taken in 1595. from the Turks by the Emperor Retaken by Assault by General Caraffa with a Body of ten thousand Imperialists on Aug. 19. 1688. And the Castle into which the Garrison retreated to save themselves being about two thousand Soldiers was obliged to Surrender upon discretion two days after There were eighteen pieces of Cannon in it Lippe Lippia a City of Westphalia more commonly called Lipstat It stands upon the River Lippe three German Miles from Paderborn to the East in Marshes and a bad Air yet it is a Hanse Town very great and the Capital of a County of the same name It was once too a Free Imperial City in length of time it became exempt and fell under the Jurisdiction of the Counts of Lippe and by one of them was mortgaged to the Duke of Cleve for eight thousand Marks of Silver and never since redeemed but together with Cleve fell to the Duke of Brandenburgh Charlemaigne assembled the Bishops of Germany here in 780. The County of Lippe is a part of the Circle of Westphalia between the Bishoprick of Paderborn the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County or Earldom of Ravensberg It is under its own Count the principal Town excepted whose Residence is at Lemgow He has also a part of the Earldom of Schaumburgh not long since granted him by Maurice Landtgrave of Hassia The Lippe Lupias Luppia is a River of Germany mentioned by Strabo and Mela. It ariseth in a Village called Lippsprinck near Paderborn and running Westward watereth Lippe or Lipstad separating the Diocese of Munster from the County of Mark it passeth by Ham Dorsten and Wesel into the Rhine twelve Miles beneath Cologn to the North-West Lippio Hyppius a River of Bithynia which falls into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea Ponti Lipuda Aretas a River of Calabria which falleth by the City of Vmbriatico into the Ionian Sea Lire Lira See Liere above Only let me add the Elogy given it by L. Guicciardin Lira elegans amoenum Brabantiae oppidum adeo ut multorum hujus Tractus Nobilium in otio degentium à curis turba jucundissimus sit recessus Lire is so beautiful and pleasant a Town of Brabant that many of the Nobility thereof make it their beloved recess from Cares and Crouds of Men. Lirio Iris the same with Casalmach Lis Loegia The same with Leye Lisbon Olysippo Vlysippo the Spaniards call it Lisboa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Portugal the Royal Seat of their Kings and an Archbishops See made by P. Boniface IX It has a large safe convenient Harbor and a Castle built on a Hill by the Taso on the North side of which River the City stands two Leagues from the Ocean and six from Cabo di Rocca Sintra In Long. 11. 00. Lat. 38. 50. According to Dr. Heylyn in Long. 9. 10. Lat. 38. 30. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1147. It is the greatest in all Spain and every day encreasing At a Town called Bethlem within half a League of it are to be seen the Tombs of the Kings of Portugal Of this City the Spaniards have a Proverb Qui no ha visto Lisboa no ha visto cosa boa He that has not seen Lisbonne has seen nothing that 's good Lisieux Lexobii Lexovium Neomagus a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Tucca or rather Lezon which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan a great and fine City seated in a fruitful Country five Leagues from the Shoars of the British Seas to the East eighteen from Roan to the West and ten from Caen to the East The Country about is from it called the Lieuvin Caesar in his Commentaries twice mentions the Forces of the ancient People thereof against the Romans In 1106. The Ecclesiastiques held a Council here in the presence of Henry I. King of England and since others Lismore Lismora a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Waterford which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell but this Bishoprick has been united to that of Waterford since 1363. It stands upon the River More fifteen Miles from the Vergivian Ocean and twenty two from Cashell Lisnia a strong Fortress in Bosnia surprized by the Imperialists July 18. 1690. after having in the two precedent Years been thrice attack'd by them in vain Two hundred Christian Slaves were here free'd Lison Casius a Mountain of Syria mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy lying between Cilicia and Phoenicia near Antioch and Laodicea There is another Mountain by it called the Anticasus and a Country between them called heretofore Casiolis in which are the Cities of Antiochia Seleucia Laodicea Epiphania Marathus Antaradus and some others most of which are by the Turks now Masters of this Country ruined A Gentleman who had Travelled over this Country informing me that it was little
is very strongly fortified and has a Castle on a Hill upon the River Eger in the Confines of Misnia four Miles from Eger or Heb another City of Bohemia to the East eighteen from Prague and as many from Dresden Lomaigne Leomania a Tract or Country in Aquitain or Gascony the principal Town of which is Vi◠de Lomaigne it lies between the County of Armagnac Verdun and the Garonne by which it is parted from the County of Agenois Loman a River in Devonshire which falls into the Ex by Tiverton in that County Lombardy Lombardia Longobardia is a considerable Country in the North of Italy under which is contained the greatest part of Gallia Cisalpina It is divided into two the Higher and the Lower Lombardy In the Higher are Piedmont with what is annexed to it the Dukedoms of Milan and Montisferat in the Lower are the Dukedoms of Mantua Modena and Parma with the Western parts of the State of Venice viz. The Territories of Bergamo Brescia Cremona Verona and Vicenza also the Dukedoms of Ferrara with the Territory of Bononia or Bologna which are in the States of the Church and now under the Pope The Italians also divide it into Lombardia di qua dal Po and Lombardia di la dal Po i. e. Lombardy on each side the Po. This was that Kingdom of the Lombards Langobardi or Longobardi in Italy which Charles the Great ruined after he had at Pavie taken Desiderius their last King Prisoner The principal City of this Kingdom was Milan This Kingdom was erected in 578. Isaacson placeth its beginning in 393. with whom Helvicus agrees Agelmond being their first King before whom they had Dukes it continued so under eleven Princes that is in Pannonia or Hungary not in Italy They came into Italy in 568. And their Kingdom continued there under twenty one Princes till 774 when Carlous Magnus Dethroned as was said In all two hundred and six Years Lombez Lombaria or Lumbaria a small City in Aquitain in France in the County of Cominges upon the River Sava which falls into the Garonne four Miles beneath Tolose Lombes stands five Leagues from the Garonne to the North eight from Aux to the South-East and ten from Tolose to the South-West Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII who at the same time erected its ancient Abbey into a Cathedral under the Archbishop of Tolose in 1317. But little and not well inhabited The Albigenses were excommunicated in a Council here Lombura the Indus Lomond and Lough Lomond Lomandus is a great Lake in the South of Scotland in the County of Lenox between Menteith to the East and Argile to the West In length from North to South twenty Miles ten in breadth from East to West in some places in others three and four It is only four Miles from Dunbritown to the North and a little more from its Fyrth the River Levin empties it into the Fyrth There is in it sixteen small Islands Lon Lone or Lunne a River of Lancashire upon which Lancaster and Hornby are situated and Kirkby Lonsdale in the County of Westmorland It ends in the Irish Sea London Londinum Augusta Trinobantum the Capital City of the Kingdom of England or rather three Cities united into one Its length from East to West from Lime-house to the further end of Mill-bank in Westminster coming to 7500 Geometrical paces i. e. seven measured Miles and an half at a thousand paces a Mile Its breadth from the further end of Whitechappel-street to St. George's Fields in Southwark near three Miles It is first mentioned by Tacitus afterwards by Ammianus Marcellinus who calls it Augusta Stephanus de Vrbibus Lindonium Bede and Sigebert call it Lindona the English London the Saxons Lundain the French Londres the Germans Londen and the Italians Londra It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Middlesex upon the Thames a noble navigable River over which it has a Bridge of nineteen Arches built with Houses on both sides and of late enlarged as to the Passage This is also the Royal City the Seat of the Kings of England and has been so for many years Therefore called the King of Englands Chamber It is situate in a rich and plentiful Soil abounding with plenty of all things and on the gentle ascent of an Hill on the North Side of the Thames By whom or when it was first built is now unknown Tacitus saith that in Nero's time about the Year of Christ 66 it was Copia Negotiatorum Commeatu maximè celebre A place of great resort for Commerce and famous for plenty of provisions But London was then near a great Calamity for Boadicia Queen of the Iceni being provoked by the Injuries of the Romans to assemble the Britains fell first upon Camalodunum now Maldon in Essex and taking it by surprize that year put all the Romans to the Sword Petilius Cerealis coming up with the ninth Legion was defeated and all his Foot put to the Sword too the Horse hardly escaping In the Interim Suetonius the Roman Propraetor or Governor who was then conquering the Isle of Anglesey comes up to London and was at first almost resolved to make it the Seat of War but finding reasons to alter this Resolve he marched away to S. Albans so Boadicia who was not far off came up and put all She found in the Town to the Sword and soon after treats S. Albans in the same manner in which three places She destroyed seventy thousand Romans and their Allies This City soon recovered this Blow and was afterward as famous as ever In the Year of Christ 292 it was in danger of being Sack'd by the Franks if an unexpected Arrival of some Roman Forces had not accidentally preserved it even when the Franks were actually in Possession of it Soon after this Constantine the Great is said to have Walled it In 313 we find Restitutus Bishop of London at the Council of Arles in France subscribing after Eborius Bishop of York Bede is very positive that it was then an Archbishops See Mr. Cambden is of opinion it was delivered up to the Saxons under Hengist their first King by Vortigern about the Year of Christ 463. Tho this changed the state of things and ruined Christianity yet London continued in all this Storm a considerable Mart or Sea-Port in 610. S. Paul's Church was built or rather rebuilt and assigned to the Uses of Christianity by Athelbert King of Kent Miletus was made the first Bishop of London after the Conversion of the Saxons in 604 the Metropolitick See being removed by Augustin the Monk then from London to Canterbury About the Year 701 Offa King of the East-Angles enlarged and endowed the Church of Westminster which is since become another City joined to London In the Year 854 this City fell into the Hands of the Danes who Sacked it and Canterbury coming then with a Fleet of two hundred and fifty Ships In 1012
the Palatinate of Landomir Long. 45.00 Lat. 51.00 Lublaw Lubloa called by the Poles Luboulia i◠a Castle belonging to the Vpper Hungary but mortgaged to the Crown of Poland in 1412 which has been ever since in their Hands and being cut off from the County of Cepasz it is annexed to the Palatinate of Cracow Lucania an ancient Province of Italy now thrown into the Basilicata in part and part into Calabria but before a Member of Magna Graecia Its Inhabitants made frequent Wars with the Romans and in the year of Rome 428. killed Alexander King of the Epirots near the River Acheron The Luccaye Islands near the Continent of America in the North Sea lie betwixt 294. and 304. Deg. of Long. and 21. and 28. of Lat. making a part of the Antilles The chiefest of them are Lucaioneque Amana Abacoa Bimini Guanahani Majaguana Juma c. enjoying a temperate Air and a fruitful Soil Lucca Luca Luceria a City and Republick of Italy ascribed by Pliny and Strabo to Hetruria but now in the Dukedom of Florence and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Pisa tho not subject to his Jurisdiction It is very strongly fortified with eleven Bastions and very populous Built by the Thusci in the Year of the World 3236. thirty nine years after Rome in the times of Senacherib and of Ezekiah King of Judah Narsetes the General of the Emperor Justinian besieged it in the Sixth Century Charles V. left this City under the Government of a French Cardinal who set them at liberty One of their own Paulus Giunisius Ravished this from them they soon recovered it again In the year 1390. the City was taken by Galatius Duke of Milan but in 1430. they again recovered their Liberty which they have ever since carefully preserved and to that purpose in 1626. made the present Fortifications The Dominions belonging to this State by the Italians called Il Luchese are small not above thirty Miles long and twenty five broad lying between the Appennine to the North the Mediterranean Sea to the West the States of Genoua to the North and Pisa to the South its greatest length is from North to South The Earth brings forth here Wine Oil and Chesnuts in abundance not so productive of Corn. The Inhabitants have improved every Inch of it to the utmost by which they have made it very pleasant The Bishop is immediately subject to the Pope This City stands ten Miles from Pisa to the North thirteen from the Sea to the East and forty five from Florence to the West Commonly Epitheted Lucca l'industriosa The Tomb of Richard King of England who died here in a journey to Rome is to be seen in the Church of S. Fridainus Long. 33. 16. Lat. 42. 50. Luceria See Nocera Lucerne Lucerna a City and Canton in Switzerland The City stands in Argow upon the Lake of Lucerne where the River Russ flows out of it through this place and is covered by three Bridges nine German Miles from Bearn to the East and six from Altorf to the South-West An Imperial Free City till the year 1332 when it was exempted The Marquess de la Parelle Lieutenant-General of the Duke of Savoy's Army recovered it out of the Hands of the French in Aug. 1690. The Lake of Lucerne called by the Germans Lucernerzee is extended twenty four Miles from East to West and is often called the Waldtstatteuzee from the four Cities which encompass it viz. Altorf Swiss Stantz and Lucerne The Canton of Lucerne the third of the twelve Swiss Cantons is Roman Catholick united to the rest in 1332. and bounded North West South and East by the Cantons of Zurich Swiss and Stantz Lucomerie Lucomorie a Province belonging to the Russ beyond the River Ob in Asia towards the North Ocean in which there are no Cities the People living in Woods Caves and desart places Towards the South of this Province there are Mountains called by the same Name Lurko See Lusuc Luconia See Lusson Ludlow a large populous well built Market and Borough Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Overs upon the Banks of the Teme walled and defended by a Castle built by Roger Earl of Montgomery It elects two Parliament-Men and the Court for the Marshes of Wales first ordained by King Henry VIII used to be kept here Lug Logus a small River which ariseth in Radnorshire and flowing through the County of Hereford a little beneath the principal City falls into the Wye at Mordeford bringing with it the Arrom the Wadels the Oney the Loden and the Frome Lugnitz Vallis Leguntia a Canton belonging to the Grisons Lugo Lucus Augusti Turris Augusti Arae Sextianae a City and Bishops See in Gallicia in Spain under the Archbishop of Compostella upon the River Minho eighteen Leagues from Compostella to the East ten from the Shoar of the Ocean South and thirty from Leon to the West An ancient Roman City mentioned by Pliny and Antoninus This City falling into the Hands of the Moors was recovered by Alphonsus King of Leon who died in 756. That which has most contributed to its preservation is its Hot Baths Long. 12. 00. Lat. 43. 00. Several small Synods have been anciently assembled at it § There is another Town called Lugo about fifteen Miles from Ferrara in Italy which was almost quite destroyed by the overflowing of the Po in May 1688. Luki Lodusia a City and Port in Gothland in Sweden Lulworth Castle a delightful and noted Castle in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Winfrith with a large Park about it and enjoying a Prospect into the British Sea The Kings of England in their Western Progress have often honoured it with their presence Lumasia the same with Bulgaria Lumellina a Territory of Lumello a Town in Lombardy in Italy in the Dukedom of Milan in the Territory of Pavia twenty Miles from that City to the West towards Casale Luna an ancient Roman City in Italy out of whose Ruins is sprung the present Sarzana See Sarzana Lunden Lundis Londinum Scanorum a City of the Kingdom of Sweden which was the Capital of the Province of Scania and an Archbishops See with six Suffragan Bishops under it These are all in the Kingdom of Denmark to which this City belonged till 1658 when it fell into the Hands of the Swedes who in 1668 opened here an University It was once much Celebrated but now in a declining Condition eight German Miles from Copenhagen to the East and six from Landscroon to the South-West commonly called Lund by the Inhabitants Made a Bishops See in 1065 an Archbishops in 1103 Ill treated by the Swedes in the latter Wars the Danes receiving a considerable Overthrow near it December 14. 1676. It is now only a Bishops See the Archbishop being in 1660 Translated to Copenhagen Long. 41. 00. Lat. 57. 23. Lunenburgh Luneburgh Lunaeburgum Selenoburgum a City of the Lower Saxony in Germany formerly one of the principal Hanse Towns in the Empire and the Capital of the
for adhering to the Party of Albinus against him burning a great part of the City Gratianus the Emperor was perfidiously murthered in this City in 384. Majoranus General to Leo the Emperour at the request of Sidonius Apollinarus repaired and beautified this City very much about 460. But this was no long-lived splendor the Goths and Almains soon after prevailing against the Romans in France In the Reign of Clothaire King of France about 532. an end being put to the Kingdom of Burgundy erected here by the Goths this City fell into the Hands of the French In the Reign of Gunthram King of Metz between 565. and 596. this City was again burnt nor did it suffer less from the Moors about 730. who were called by the remainder of the Goths against the Franks About 955. it was given to Conrade I. King of Burgundy After this it was for some time subject to the Counts of the Forest till 1173. The See was founded by S. Potinus and Irenaeus the first of which suffered Martyrdom here about 177. Anno 1079. Pope Gregory VII is said to have made it an Archbishops See doubtless it was so long before Pope Clement V. was crowned here in the presence of Philip the Fair King of France Edward I. of England and James King of Arragon in 1305. There have been many Councils held here The most celebrated was that in 1245. under Innocent IV. against Frederick II. where that Prince was deposed as an Heretick for Intelligence with the Sultan and Familiarity with his Women which produced a destructive War in Germany and Italy There was another in 1274. under Pope Gregory X. against the Greek Church in which were five hundred Bishops sixty or seventy Archbishops and one thousand other Ecclesiasticks together with the Patriarchs of Antioch and Constantinople c. Long. 26. 00. Lat. 45. 15. Lyonnois Lugdunensis Provincia is a small Province in France having on the East la Bresse and the Dauphine on the South and West le Foretz and on the North le Beaujolois it has on the East the Rhosne and extends from it to the West about twelve Leagues in length about fifteen Lyons en Forest Leones a small Town in Normandy incompassed with Woods and Forests upon the River Orleau four Leagues from Roan to the East Lyon en Beausse a Village in that Province seven Leagues from Orleans to the North. Lyon sur Loyre a Village in Orleans in the Confines of Berry one League above Sully to the East Lysmore See Lismore M A. MAara Spelunca Sidoniorum a Grott or Cave in Palestine in the Territory of Great Zidon or the Land of the Sidonians mentioned Josh 13. 4. In the year 1161. the Christians secured themselves for sometime here against the Saracens Macandan a Promontory in Africa called by the Ancients Arsinarium now commonly Cape Verde Macao Amacao Amacum a City in China in the Province of Quantum upon the South part of that Kingdom in Long. 141. 30. Lat. 23. 00. Built upon a small Island with two Forts heretofore under the Portuguese during which times it was a celebrated Mart much frequented and very rich but being now in the hands of the Tartars who have conquered China it decays a pace and is much declined from what it was Macaria a Lake or Marsh near Marathon a Town in Attica in which a considerable part of the Forces of Xerxes King of Persia perished being beaten by the Grecians both by Sea and Land at the same time and in their flight forced into this unpassable place by the pursuers Whence the Proverb in Macariam abi for a Curse § This also was the ancient Name of a City in the Island of Cyprus now become a Village and called Jalines The whole Island of Cyprus had the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 given it by the Greeks from its fertility And the Island of Maczua in the Gulph of Arabia has been honoured with the same Macascar Macassar Macasaria a great Island in the Indian Sea sometimes called Celebes Extended from North to South two hundred French Leagues and one hundred broad there are in it six Kingdoms Macasar Cion Sanguin Cauripana Getigan and Supara the two principal Cities are Macasar and Bantachia The South parts are much frequented by the English and Dutch which latter of late in 1669. have severely treated the King of Macascar whose Dominions lie in the South of the Island and comprehend the far greatest part of it This Island lies between the Molucco's to the East and Borneo to the West and is sometimes ascribed to the former The Line cutteth the Northern part of it The Inhabitants heretofore went naked did eat Mans Flesh and had all the Criminals of the Molucco's sent over to them for that purpose but they are much civilized Two young Princes of this Country Brothers that were bred at Siam in the Mahometan Religion and sent to Paris by the King of Siam to be instructed in Christianity on October 17. 1687. received Christian Baptism at Paris It produces plenty Rice Fruit Cocao Cattle Fish besides Gold Ivory Cotton c. The City Macasar stands in the South part and enjoys the benefit of a good Port. Macclesfield or Maxfield a large fair Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Bollin The Capital of its Hundred Adorned with the Title of an Earldom in the Person of the Right Honourable Charles Gerard. Macchia a Dutchy in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Macedonia is a Kingdom of great antiquity and fame in Greece Anciently bounded by the Adriatick Sea to the West the Aegean Sea to the East now called the Archipelago the Vpper Moesia a part of Illyricum now called Servia cut off by Mount Sandus to the North and on the South it had Epirus Thessalia and Achaia It was then divided into four parts as Livy saith under which were twenty six Provinces and at this day though Albania which was of old a part of it is dismembred yet the remainder is divided into four parts by the Turks 1. Jamboli of old Macedonia prima and secunda which lies East between Thrace and the Bay of Thessalonica 2. Macedonia properly so called lies between Mount Karoponitze to the North Thessalia to the South and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East 3. Comenolitari the third part Macedonia tertia and part of Thessalia has Macedonia properly so called on the North Albania on the West Thessalia on the South and the same Bay on the East 4. Janna lies yet more South and is the remainder of that which was anciently called Thessalia on the North it has Commenolitari on the West Epirus on the South Livadia and on the East the Archipelago and Bay of Negropont The Reader may observe that Thessalia is now a part of Macedonia though anciently not and Albania which anciently was a part of it now is a separate Kingdom both are under the Turks This Country anciently divided into one hundred and fifty Tribes or
12. Lat. 50. 50. Maesta Mapha a City in Arabia Foelix Magadoxo a City on the East of Africa in the Kingdom of Zanguebar which has a strong Castle and a convenient Port. This City lies four hundred and fifty Miles South from the Mouth of the Red Sea In Long. 70 00. Lat. 02. 40. The Portuguese have treated it severely Magareb the Atlantick Ocean Magdeburg Mesujum Parthenopolis Magdeburgum a great City and an Archbishops See the Metropolis of the Lower Saxony upon the Elbe the Capital of a Territory of the same name a Hanse Town and an Imperial Free City ever since 940. Which still retains its Freedom and Liberty though under the Protection of its own Archbishop and the Elector of Brandenburg who had the adjacent Territory assigned to him with the Title of a Dukedom by the Peace of Munster after the death of the present Administrator or Archbishop This City imbraced the Reformation in 1567. upon which account it has suffered very much since It lies twelve Miles from Wittenburg to the North-West a little more from Wolffenbuttel to the East and nine from Halberstadt to the same In Long. 33. 53. Lat. 52. 18. commonly called Meydburg that is Maids-Town Ptolemy calls it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and most believe it to be the Mesuium in Antoninus but however the present Pile was built by Otho I. Emperour of Germany at the request of Editha his Wife Daughter of Edmund King of England about 940. Which Lady was afterwards buried in this City It was for some time the Seat of the Empire fortified with Walls Rampires Towers and a deep Trench so that Charles V. in 1549. could proscribe and spoil its Territories but not take it In 1631. it was taken by Du Tilly the Emperors General being suddenly surrounded by an Army when they did not expect it nor had made those Preparations requisite of Men Victuals and Ammunition the want of which last was the principal cause of its being taken by Storm May 10. after a Siege of great sharpness for fifteen Months and being set on fire to fright the Inhabitants from the defence of it the fire prevailed so far above the intentions of the Incendiaries that the whole City was laid wast The Duke of Saxony retook it in 1636. In 1666. it was again forced by the Arms of the Duke of Brandenburg to accept Augustus Duke of Saxony for its Administrator or Archbishop The Archbishoprick of Magdeburg now turned into a Dukedom is a very small Province of Germany in the Lower Saxony Bounded on the North with the old Marquisate of Brandenburgh on the East with the middle Marquisate on the South with Anhault and Halberstadt and with the Dukedom of Brunswick on the West The Capital of it is Magdeburg Magdeburg a Castle of Germany in the Upper Circle of the Rhine in the Bishoprick of Spire in 1517. sold by Vlricus Duke of Wirtemburg to Philip Electoral Bishop of Spire It is also called Madenburg Magellanica a Country in South America of great extent toward that Pole On the North it has the Countries of Cili Tacumania and Paragua on the South the Streights of Magellan and le Maire on the West the Atlantick and on the East the Pacifick Ocean This together with the Streights took its name from Ferdinando Magalhaens a Portuguese who in 1520. in the name of the King of Spain discovered it His Ship came home but he was slain in the East-Indies and this was the first Ship that ever Sailed round the Globe of the Earth which has since been done by Sir Francis Drake Cavendish and several others Magellanica is little known and less inhabited by any of the European Nations for the present Magi the Philosophers and Priests of the ancient Persians famous for their application to the knowledge of the Stars and their introduction of a natural Theology from thence upon the belief of one Supreme Divinity Their esteem in Persia was so great that when K. Cambyses went in Person to the War in Egypt he left the Government of his Estates in his absence to one of these Magi called Patizithes who after the sudden death of Cambyses established by a cheat Smerdis another Magus Brother to Patizithes upon the Throne of the Empire in the room of Smerdis Brother to Cambyses Magiar Hungary Magna-vacca Caprusia one of the Mouths of the River Po which separating from the Branch called di Volana at Ferrara falls into the Adriatick Sea at Comachio between Po di Primaro to the South and Po di Volana to the North. Magnesia in Lydia see Manissa In Caria see Mangresia § Also an ancient Province of Macedonia and a Promontory now otherwise called Capo Verlichi and Capo di San Georgio Magog Persia Magonza Moguntia See Mentz Magra Cinyphus Macres a River of Africa Magra Macra a River in Italy which was heretofore the boundary of Liguria to the South It ariseth in the Apennine Hills in the limits of the Dukedom of Parma and running Southward by Pontremoli being augmented with the Verra Vla and some other it watereth a Valley called by its own name and passing through the States of Genoua a little above Serezana falls into the Ligurian Sea sixty five Miles East of Genoua thirty five North-West of Lucca Lucan mentions this River in his Second Book Magarah Pharos a small but celebrated Island near Alexandria in Egypt Maguelone Magalone an ancient Roman City in the Lower Languedoc seated in a small Island in the Marshes so called on the Mediterranean Sea taken by the Saracens at their Entrance into France by Aquitain after their Conquest of Spain in 730 retaken and destroyed by Charles Martel about 735. or 736. for fear it should fall into the hands of the Saracens again And it lay in its Ruins till 1075. when its Bishop took some care to revive it but to small purpose The Bishops See being removed in 1536. to Montpelier this Town is almost totally desolate It had formerly Counts of its own to be its Governours But in 1215. P. Innocent III. invested the temporalities in the Church because Raymond VI. Earl of Tholouse then Earl of Maguelone espoused the cause of the Albigenses Mahara Nilus Maholech Delta the Lower part of Egypt enclosed by the Branches of the Nile Mahamora a Fortress upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Fez upon the River Suba on the Coast of the Atlantick Ocean in the Province of Fez but on the Confines of that of Asgar In Long. 10. 00. Lat. 33. 10. It has a good Harbor of great Reception and has been in the hands of the Portuguese ever since 1614. Mahometa or Machometa Adrumetum a City on the Coast of Africa mentioned by Pliny Mela and Ptolemy Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage now a strong Town on the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis seated upon the next Bay to that of Tunis to the East which is called the Gulph of Mahometa This place is also called
took this City and was therefore called BRITANNICVS He made it a Roman Colony planting in it a Regiment of old Soldiers and ordered Money to be Coined with this Inscription COL CAMALODVN Cambden saith from this Money it is Collected this Expedition was in the twelfth Year of his Reign fifty two years after the Birth of Christ Certain it is this City soon felt the fury of the Britains under Boadicia Qu. of the Iceni who took and burnt it and put all the Romans to the Sword about the Year of Christ sixty three Yet the Romans rebuilt it as appears by Antoninus Edward the Son of Alfred a Saxon King finding it much ruined by the Danes repaired and fortified it with a Castle William the Conqueror had here one hundred and eighty Houses in the Tenure of the Burgesses and eighteen wasted In Mr. Cambden's time it was a well inhabited Town consisting of one Street of a Mile in length built on the ridge of an Hill and having a convenient Haven Now not only a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to Parliament but also made a Viscounty the thirteenth of Charles II. and given to the late Earl of Essex The Maleas are a People which live in the Mountains of Malabar towards the Confines of Coromandel near the Dominions of the King of Madura Amongst them there live many Christians of the old Conversion called the Christians of S. Thomas Maleg a River of the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Damut and receiving the River Anquet after a Course of eighty Leagues falls into the Nile in Nubia below the Province of Fasculon Malaguette Mallaguete or Managuete the Western part of Guiney in Africa called by the Dutch Tand-Cust by the French Cote des Graives about 60 Leagues long extending from the River Sanguin to the Cape of Palmes which Cape separates it from Guinea propria It hath the reputation of a considerable place for the Pepper trade First planted with some Colonies of French and afterwards by the Portuguese English and Dutch Malemba a Kingdom of Africa betwixt the Kingdom of Angola and the Lake of Zembre Malespine a Marquisate and Souereignty in Tuscany in Italy near the States of Genoua The same properly with the ancient principality or now Dukedom of Massa belonging formerly to the Family of the Malespini which since has been incorporated with the House of Cibo Malfi Amalphis or Amalphi a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principato honoured with an Archbishops See and a Dukedom but little and not well inhabited It lies on the North side of the Bay of Salerno eleven from Salerno to the West and twenty two from Naples to the South The Emperor Lotharius II. in the War he undertook in the behalf of Pope Innocent II. against Roger K. of Sicily and Anacletus an Antipope mastered and plundered this City They pretend that here are the Bones of St. Andrew the Apostle brought from Judea about the Year 1206 and that the Seaman's Compass was invented here by Flavio Gioïa an Italian in 1300. P. Nicholas II. celebrated a Council here in 1059. in which the Dukedoms of Puglia and Calabria were confirmed to Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman for his Services in the expulsion of the Saracens Long. 38. 35. Lat. 40. 52. Malines See Mechelen Maliapur Maliapura a City on the Coast of Coromandel commonly called St. Thomas as being the place of the Martyrdom of that Apostle and an Archiepiscopal City written also Meliapor it was taken by the French in 1671. and deserted two years after Long. 108. 50. Lat. 13. 12. Malling West a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath. Mallorca See Majorca Malmesbury Maldunense Caenobium a Town built on the Western Bank of the River Avon the Capital of its Hundred on the Confines of the County of Glocester in the County of Wiltshire which took its name and rise from Maidulph a Learned Irish Scot who being highly admired both for his Piety and Learning erected here a School and a Monastery which Adelme his Scholar much improved becoming after his death the Tutelar Saint of Athelstane King of England who died in 938. after he had much enriched this Monastery by his Princely Donations this Adelme was the first who taught the Saxons the Latin Poetry No less honor is due to this Place on the score of William of Malmesbury a Learned Historian for the Times in which he lived which was about 1143. The Monastery thrived so well that at the suppression of it by Henry VIII its Revenue was above eight hundred and three pounds the year Whether its late Philosopher Thomas Hobbs has added to the Honor of this Place by being born here is left to the Judgment of Posterity The Town is now a Corporation represented by its Burgesses in Parliament and in a tolerable Condition by reason of its Clothing Trade It has six Bridges over the River being almost encircled therewith A Synod was held at it in 705. or 707. Malmugon Malmoe Malmogia a City in Scania in the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Hollanders Elbogon because it represents the Bent of the Elbow of an Arm. It was built in 1319. and has a safe Harbor over against Coppenhagen on the Sound In 1434. here was a strong Castle built by Ericus King of Denmark the first Encourager of lasting Architecture in this Kingdom In 1658. it first came into the hands of the Swedes in 1676. the Danes endeavoured the recovery of it by a Siege but without success they did the like the year following with the like event It stands four Danish Miles from Coppenhagen to the East Malpas a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Broxton Malta Melita and Island belonging to Africa in the Mediterranean Sea by some taken for the Place where S. Paul suffered Shipwrack in the Year of Christ 58. It s length is twenty Miles breadth twelve circuit about sixty which is its distance too from Pachyno the most South-Eastern Cape of Sicily one hundred and ninety from the nearest Coast of Africa Taken from the Saracens by Roger the Norman Earl of Sicily in 1089. And was under the Kings of Sicily till Charles V. granted it to the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem now called Knights of Malta from it after they were beaten out of Rhodes in 1530 that he might the easier protect Sicily from the Incursions of the Moors In 1566 they began to build the Bourg or principal City after Solyman the Magnificent had in 1565. reduced the greatest part of the old Town into Dust by a Siege of five Months managed by Dragut his General with the loss of twenty four thousand Men spent to no purpose on this small Island There are sixty Villages in it and three Cities all seated at the East end within the distance of eight Miles which have two large Havens divided by a Rock on the Point stands the Castle of S. Hermes to defend the entrance
against which the Turks spent twenty thousand Cannon Shot and at last took it to their no great advantage In the middle of the Eastern Haven stands the Castle of S. Angelo upon a Rock this and Burgo quelled the fury of the Turks and prevented their Triumph over Malta Though the Inhabitants exceed not twenty thousand yet it is not able to supply them with Necessaries but that the fertil Sicily is so near from which they have much of their Provisions They have some fresh-water Fountains the Rain that falls they reserve in Cisterns and have always three years Provisions beforehand kept under ground The Great Master of the Order of the Knights of Malta at present is Alarame de Vignecourt chosen in Aug. 1690. The City Malta is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Palermo in Sicily and the Residence of the Grand Prior of the Church also now the Capital of the Island which last honour formerly was enjoy'd by Citta Vecchia another Episcopal City in the middle of Malta Several small Islands adjacent the Principal are Gozo Comini and Farfara depend upon the Grand Master as their Soveraign The illustrious Order of the Knights of this place is composed of eight Nations amongst which England was the sixth in rank before the Reformation To each Nation there belongs a Grand Prior The Persons incorporated are divided into three Estates of Knights Ecclesiasticks and Servans des Armes or Esquires all vowing celibacy Some out of both the two first have been known advanced to the Dignity of Cardinals and the Sons of Kings and Princes have adorned the rank of the Knights This Island produces no Wine nor Corn but Cotton Oates and delicious Fruits in Plenty § There is another Island Malta in the Adriatick belonging to Dalmatia and called by the Sclavonians Milet by others Meleda The Miletaeus Catellus a Proverb for a Lap-dog is derived from the little Dogs of this latter place according to Athenaeus Long. 39. 25. Lat. 34. 40. Malvasia Epidaurus an Archiepiscopal City of the Morea on the Eastern Shoar in the Province of Tzaconia near the most South-Eastern Cape called Cape Maleo built upon a Rock which advanced position gives it an agreeable Prospect both by Sea and Land This Rock is surrounded by the Sea on all sides being only joined to the Continent by a Timber Bridge yet has Nature provided it a fresh and clear Fountain of good Water sufficient to serve the City and their Gardens it is approachable only on one side that is on the South which is secured by a triple Wall of great strength In the times of the Greek Idolatry it was famous for a Temple of Esculapius much frequented It was ravished from the Greek Emperors by the Venetians and French about the year 1204. The Emperors recovered it again from William a French Baron to whom it was given by the Latins but he returning to Venice freely resigned his Right to that State whereupon the Venetians sent a powerful Fleet and regained the Possession of it which they kept till the year 1537. when they were forced to surrender it to the Turks to purchase a Peace In the times of the late Wars in Candy the Venetians took this Town by Storm plundered burnt and then left it after they had put most of the Inhabitants to the Sword and carried away the Cannon The Turks rebuilt it General Morosini bombarded it in his way to Athens Sept. 1687. Afterwards it was blockaded then besieged At last it surrendered to General Cornaro Sept. 12. 1690. whereby the whole Morea stands now reduced under the Dominion of the States of Venice They found in it seventy three Pieces of Cannon and above one hundred and thirty Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty Long. 50. 00. Lat. 38. 30. Mamertini an ancient People of the Island Samos in the Icarian Sea said afterwards to establish themselves at Messina in Sicily Whence the Messenii have the Name also of Mamertini and the Sea adjacent of Fretum Mamertinum Mamotta Arabia Foelix Man Eubonia Monaaeda Monapia Monavia Mona an Island in the Irish Sea between Lancashire to the East and Vlster to the West The Welsh call this small place Menow the Inhabitants Maing the English Man It lies in length from North to South thirty Italian Miles its greatest breadth is fifteen It has seventeen Parish Churches brings forth Flax Hemp and Corn in plenty affords more Cattle than they need especially Sheep they have no Fewel but Turff In the middle it swelleth into Hills from the highest of which Sceafull by Name in a clear day may be seen England Scotland and Ireland The chief Town is Russin seated at the South End of the Island which has a Garrisoned Castle it has also a Bishop who is stiled Sodorensis and is now under the Archbishop of York This Island was first possessed by the Britains after them succeeded the Scots about the times of Honorius and Arcadius these were driven out by Cuneda Grandfather of Maglocunus stiled by Gildas the Dragon of the Islands Edwin King of Northumberland Conquered it next for the Saxons about 618. The Danes being driven out of England by Harold they were invited Hither by one Godred Corvan who had been entertained in his flight in the Isle of Man This Dane brought over his Country Men three times successively invaded it before he could master the Inhabitants but then prevailing he became King of Man soon after the time William of Normandy conquered England This Race of Kings continued to 1270. about two hundred years about which time Robert the King of the Scots having succeeded Alexander who had purchased the Hebrides of the King of Denmark made another Conquest of the Isle of Man which was one of the last they gained the Possession of After this sometimes the Scots sometimes the English were Masters of it till in 1340. William Montacute Earl of Salisbury descended from Mary the Daughter of Reginald the last King of Man finally drove out the Scots and in 1393. sold it to William Scrope who being beheaded for Treason Henry IV. granted it to Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland about 1400. He likewise forseiting it this Prince granted it to Sir John Stanley whose Successor in 1486. was by Henry VII created Earl of Darby And in this Family it still is wiâ—h the Title of Lord of Man being possessed by William Earl of Darby the Grandchild of James who in 1651. was beheaded for his Loyalty to Charles II. After which the Rebels by force reduced the Island under them it was restored to this Family in 1660. by Charles II. The Language here spoken is different from that of all His Majesties other Dominions being a mixture of Scotch Irish Danish and English but the Southern part nearer to the Scotch and the Northern to the Irish The first Bishop of Man is said to have been Amphibalus in 360. There are great Chasms in the Succession till 1203. and again from 1396. In 1505. Huamus
through it but now it lies in Ruins therefore called Rovine di Mariana nothing being left but the Cathedral Church which has no Roof neither the Bishops See being removed to Bastia in 1575. Marib See Mecca Mariemberg Mariae-berga a Town of Germany in the Vpper Saxony in Misnia nine German Miles from Meissen the Capital of that Province to the South This is one of the Mine Towns seated in the Mountains near Annaberg in the Borders of Bohemia built by Henry Duke of Saxony in 1519. and still in the Hands of that Family Marienbourg a Town in Hainault in the Low Countries built by Mary of Austria Queen of Hungary and Governant of the Low Countries in 1542. and strongly fortified against the French who nevertheless gained the possession of it by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1660. and dismantled it This stands upon the River Aube eleven French Leagues from Mons to the East and four from Charlemont to the South-West Marienburgh Mariaeburgum called by the Poles bork by the Inhabitants Margenburgh is a strong City in Prussia Regalis whereof it is the Capital upon the River Nogat a Branch of the Vistula six German Miles from Dantzick to the North-East and four from Elbing to the South-West Heretofore the principal Seat of the Knights of Prussia who built it and dedicated it to the Virgin Mary the Castle in 1281 the Town in 1302. Casimirus King of Poland took this City in 1460. The Swedes in 1625. The Castle was burnt in 1644. and restored to the Poles in 1655. by Treaty Marienburgh or Marieburgh the same with Queen's Town in Ireland See Queen's County Mariendal the same with Mergentheim Mariestadt Mariaestadium a new City in Westrogothia in Sweden between the Lakes of Wener and Neter three German Miles from the former and six from the latter Long. 31. 19. Lat. 58. 27. Marigalante one of the Caribby Islands in South America under the French six Leagues from Guadeloupe and ten or twelve from Dominco Recommended for Fruitfulness Marignano Melignanum Meriganum a Town in the Duchy of Milan upon the River Lambro in the middle between Milan and Lodive ten Miles from either Near this the Swiss were beaten by Francis I. in 1515. Marinat Scardus a Mountain in Macedonia it parts Servia Albania and Macedonia and ends at the Euxine Sea near Saramontin the Borders of Romania Drino and many other Rivers spring from it In the Maps it is written Mazinai Marish Mariscus Marus a River of Transylvania it ariseth from the Carpathian Hills and passeth by Neumark Radnot Alba Julia or Weissenburg Branksa and Lippa to Segedin where it ends in the Tibiscus This is the principal River of Transylvania Mariza Hebrus a River of Thrace it ariseth out of Mount Hebrus which is a Branch of Mount Marinat in the Northern Confines of Macedonia Servia and Bulgaria where they all meet from two Fountains and running East it watereth Phileba or Philippopolis Adrianople and Ploutin where it receives Copriza and turning Southward falls into the Archipelago over against Lembro Mark See Marck Market-Iew a Market Town in the County of Cornwal and the Hundred of Penwith Marieborow or Marleburg Cunetio an ancient Roman Town seated upon the River Kenet in Wiltshire in the North-West Bounds towards Barkshire upon the ascent of an Hill In this there was a famous Parliament held for ending the Differences between the Barons and the King in the fifty second year of Henry III. A. C. 1267. where were made the Statutes called the Statutes of Marleburgh The Parliament assembled in a Castle which this place anciently had belonging unto John Sans terre as he was surnamed afterwards King of England It is still a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament and hath withal the Convenience of Savernake Forest and Aldburn Chase in its Neighbourhood Charles I. at his Coronation added another Honour to this place by Creating James Lord Ley Lord Treasurer Earl of Marleborow February 5. 1625. which was afterwards possessed by William the fourth Earl of this Family Grandchild to the first Earl who succeeded Henry his Nephew slain in a Sea-Fight against the Dutch in 1665. The Lord Churchill enjoys this Title at present by the Creation of King William Marlow Magna a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Disborough probably so called for the Store of Marl or Chalk here dug up Marmara Strymon a River on the South of Macedonia towards the Borders of Thrace more usually called Stromona and also Radnitz and Iscar it falls in the Archipelago at Amphipoli Marmora Elaphonesus an Island in the Propontis on the Coast of Asia famous for Marble Quarries it is ten or twelve Leagues in circuit with a City the Capital of its own Name and divers Villages inhabited by the Religious Caloyers The adjacent Sea is called from hence the Sea of Marmora which discharges it self on one side into the Pontus Euxinus by the Bosphorus Thracius and on the other towards the South into the Aegean Sea by the Hellespont The ancient Poet Aristeas adorned this Island with his Nativity It communicates its Name to the three Neighbouring Islands Avezia Coutalli Gadaro called in general the Islands of Marmora They all stand in a good Climate abounding in Corn Wine Cattel Cotton and Fruit inhabited principally by the Religious Greeks and some Arabians Ptolemy mentions Marmora by the Name of Proconnesus Others call it Neuris Marmorica the present Kingdom of Barca in Africa it had heretofore for its Bounds Libya Propria to the East and Cyrenaica to the West Marne Matrona a great River in France which ariseth in Champaigne near Langres in a Village called Marmote in the Confines of the Franche Comte and running North-West watereth Langress Chaumont â—oynevil S. Dizier Chalons and Meaux then falls into the Seyne two Miles above Paris Maro A Valley Marquisate and Town upon the Confines of the States of Genoua belonging to the Duke of Savoy Marocco is both a City and a Kingdom in Africa in the West Part of Barbary the Kingdom of Marocco is a considerable part of Mauritania Tingitana extended on the Atlantick Ocean from the River Abene to that of Azamor on the East it has the River Malava which parts it from Tremesen on the West the Atlantick Ocean on the South Mount Atlas and on the North the Kingdom of Fez. The Country is said to be very fruitful and pleasant abounding in Cattle Fruits Corn Sugar Oil Hony and whatever is useful to the Life of Man Divided into seven Provinces which are Guzzula Sus Marocco Hea Hascora Daccala and Tedles The King takes the style of Emperour of Barbary and Marocco King of Fez Suz c. Hath a great number of Castles in this Kingdom yet there is one kept by the Portugueze two Leagues from Azamor Marocco Marochum Marochia Marochium the principal City which gives Name to the whole called by the Spaniards Maruccos by the Italians Marocho is supposed to have been the Bocanum
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
Mount Feretranus near the River Arimino in the Confines of Romandiola twenty Miles from Vrbino to the South-West and fifteen from Arimini to the South giving name to an honourable Italian Family This Chair was removed to Pinna a Town four Miles from it by Pope Pius V. in 1572. Monferrant Monferrandum a City in Auvergne in a very fruitful Soil from whence it has the name It stands upon an Hill about one Mile from Cleremont two Leagues from the River Allier and twenty five from Lion now in a flourishing state with divers Religious Houses in it The River Bedat glides by it § There is another Monferand in the Territory called le Pais entre les deux mers that is betwixt the confluence of the Garonne and the Dordogne This latter is the first Barony in Guienne Monferrat See Montferrat Monfâ—a an Island on the Eastern Coast of Africa over against against Quiloa In Long. 65. and deg 8. Southern Lat. Monfort l' Amauri Montfortium Amalrici Monfortium Almariae a small Town in the Territory of Montoran in the Government of the Isle of France betwixt Dampiere and Mante upon an Hill with a little River gliding at its foot about ten Leagues from Paris It carries the name of an honourable Family Mongaguabe a River in Brasil in the Prefecture of Paraiba Mongibello Mount Aetna and by allusion any burning Mountain in the Italian use of this Word Mongul a Province in the Asiatick Tartary Monlui a Mountain in Catalonia Monlusson Monlussonium a City of France in the Dukedom of Bourbon in the Confines of Berry upon the River Cher four Leagues from the Borders of Auvergne and thirteen from Moulins to the West It is ordinarily epitheted la fertile for its Vineyards and Pasturage Monnedy Mons medius Mons maledictus a small but very strong City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Low Countries upon the River Chier seven Leagues from Virdum to the North and about nine from Luxemburgh to the South-West It stands upon a Hill very well Fortified yet by the negligence of the Spaniards for want of Ammunition and sufficient Garrisons frequently taken by the French At last in 1657 being taken by then it was by the Pyrenean Treaty yielded to France Monmirail Monmiralium a Town in the Province of Brie in France upon an Hill where glides the River Morin falling afterwards into the Marne § Also one of the five ancient Baronies of Perche-Gouet Monmorency Monmoreniacum a Town in the Isle of France four Leagues from Paris to the South-West which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most ancient Families of France From this Town the Valley in which it lies one of the most fruitful spots of Ground in the whole World is called the Valley of Montmorency Monmorillon a small Town in the Province of Poictou in France upon the River Gartampe here covered with a Bridge and the frontiers of la Maache Monmouthshire Monumethia hath on the North the County of Hereford on the East Glocester on the South the Severn and on the West Glamorgan and Brecknockshires It is twenty four English Miles from North to South and nineteen from East to West Full of Hills Valleys Woods and Springs every where fruitful abounding in Corn and Cattle and injoys a temperate healthful clear Air. The most ancient Inhabitants were the Silures Conquered by Julius Frontinus in the Reign of Vespasian after a War of about an hundred years continuance with great loss on the Roman Side nor was this County won with less difficulty by the English the Welsh being intirely possessed of it when the Normans conquered England yet being conquered before Wales it was united to the Crown of England in the Reign of Edward I. and accounted an English County tho lying on the North of the Severn Monmouth which gives Name to this County stands between the Wye and the Monow over both which Rivers it has a Bridge in the North-East Border of the County where Monmouth Hereford and Glocestershires meet as it were all in one Center Three parts of it are secured by these Rivers On the fourth it has a small Brook called Monnors which runs through the Town on the North-East Side where the Town is most accessible it has an ancient Castle once a place of great Strength and Beauty in which Henry V. King of England thence called Henry of Monmouth was born But now ruined and used as a Farm-House there are three of the Gates standing with a part of the ancient Wall it is still a Corporation governed by a Mayor This was also the Birth place of Geofry of Monmouth the Historian It now gives the Title of Earl to the R. H. Charles Mordant Created E. of Monmouth by K. W. As before of a Duke in the Person of James the late unfortunate Duke of Monmouth and it returns two Members to the House of Commons Long. 17. 36. Lat. 52. 08. Monnow a River of Monmouthshire between which and the River Wye stands the Town of Monmouth falling into the Severn Mono Emugi a Kingdom in Africa see Monemagi There are abundance of Elephants with Mines of Brass Silver and Gold found in this Kingdom A part of the Mountains of the Moon is enclosed therewith and the Subjects traffick more especially for Silk Cotton and Amber with the Kingdoms of Queilloa Melinde and Monbaze Betwixt the Estates of the Grand Negus and it lye some petty principalities which are ever in Vassalage to the strongest side Monomotapa a City and Kingdom in the Southern Aethiopia in Africa of great extent which contains in it twenty five other Kingdoms and reaches from North to South two hundred and fifty Spanish Leagues Cluverius stretches it from the Aethiopick Ocean to the Red-Sea Some speak particularly of an Amazonian Kingdom amongst the rest where the Women go to War and acquit themselves with admirable bravery The Portuguese call the King of Monomotapa the Emperor of Gold from the abundance of that mettal found in Mines and the Rivers of his Dominions Monomotapa the Principal City which gives Name to this vast and fruitful Empire lies in Long. 48. 00. Southern Lat. 24. 35. Upon the banks of the River Spiritu Santo very large and adorned with a most magnificent Palace Royal. Monopoli Monopolis a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which sprung out of the Ruins of Egnatia an ancient City not far off a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari but exempt from the Jurisdiction of its Metropolitan This City tho small is very splendidly and magnificently built twenty two Miles from Bari to the East and twenty five from Taranto to the North. Monosceli an ancient People of Aethiopia also called Sciopodes and mentioned by Pliny Monreale Montreali Mons Regalis a small City in the Island of Sicily which is yet an Archbishops See It stands upon a Hill about four Miles from Palermo to the South built by William II. King of Sicily By
deep Ditch of equal breadth from top to bottom both stand on a plain level Ground the Channel between the City and the Continent being not above thirty Paces and the Bridge being secured by a Tower This Town and Island was granted to the Venetians by the Latin Emperors of Constantinople in consideration of their Services about 1204. Though they fortified it to the utmost yet Mahomet II. took the principal City with the loss of forty thousand Men in 1463. or 69. for I find various Accounts after he had besieged it with one hundred and twenty thousand Men thirty days putting all above twenty years of Age to the Sword which amounted when the Siege began to eighty thousand In 1660. the Venetians retook it and relost it Wherefore the Turks have fortified it with so many new strong Works that tho the Venetians laid Siege to it with an Army of twenty four thousand Men commanded by Morosini then Doge which stormed it October 12. 1688 Yet it was left in the Enemies Possession The most noted Promontories of the Island are the. ancient Caphareus now called Capo Figera or Capo d'Oro and the Capo Lithar It s two Rivers are the Similio and the Cerco The City Caristo which the French call Chateau-roux near Capo Figera is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Negropont and Rocco betwixt that City and Negropont another Here is Cotton in abundance and Marble digged out of the Mountain Caristo near the City of the same Name Negroes a general Name for all the Black People of Africa as well those upon the Western Sea-Coasts and towards Nubia and Abyssinia as those who dwell on both sides the River Niger Neiss Nissa a River of Bohemia which arising in Lusatia flows through Silesia and a little beneath Guben falls into the Odir Neisse Nissa a Town in Silesia in the Dukedom of Grotkaw upon the River Neiss two Miles from Grotkaw to the South in which the Bishop of Wratislaw resides Hofman makes it a City Neites a small River which falls into the Rhine near Anderpach in the Bishoprick of Trier Nieva Nebis a small River in Entre Douro a Province of Portugal Nekrakin Ormus an Island in the Persian Gulph Nemea and Nemeus a River of the Morea now called Langia where Pericles the Athenian General defeated the Sicyonii in the year of Rome 301. § Also a great Forest in the Province of Romania and an ancient City Nemaea in the same made memorable by the Nemaean Games instituted in the fifty first Olympiad in the Honour of Hercules Nemours Nemosium Nemoracum a great and pleasant Town in the Isle of France in Gastinois upon the River Loing made a Dukedom in 1414. by Charles IV. King of France and then first walled It stands seventeen Miles from Paris to the South Neocaesarea See its Modern Name Tocat Nepi Nepita Nepet a small but ancient City which is a Bishops See in S. Peters Patrimony under the Pope upon the River il Pozzolo between Viterbo and Rome six Miles from Sutri to the East Nera Nar a River in the States of the Church in Italy which springs out of the Apennine and flowing Westward watereth Narni and a little lower falls into the Tiber. Nerac Neracum a City in Aquitain in Gascogne upon the River Baise the Capital of the Dukedom de Albret not two Miles from the Garonne to the South three from Condom to the North and four from Agen to the West It is in a good condition tho its Walls came to be rased in the last Civil Wars In 1579. Queen Katharine de Medicis held a Conference with the King of Navarre here wherein they made a League with the Huguenots on whose side this Town stood King Henry IV. resided a considerable time at it and the ancient Lords of Albret built it a Castle Nerk Nericia a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden between Westmannia and Sudermannia to the East and Westrogothia to the West The Capital of which is Orebro by the Lake Hielmer Nermonster an Island upon the Coast of Poictou in France Nero an ancient Name of the delightful Village of Daphne Nerva See Narva Nervii an ancient People amongst the Galls whom Caesar mentions with an Elogium of their Courage and Conduct They are thought to have dwelt in the now Diocese of Cambray Nesâ—e Nigella a small Town in the Tract of Santerre in Picardy It stands upon the Rivulet Ignon which falls in the Somme two Leagues from Ham almost betwixt Peronne and Noyon having the Honour to be a Marquisate Charles the Hardy Duke of Burgundy took it by Assault in 1472. and because the Inhabitants had murdered a Herald sent to summon them with two Men more in the time of a Truce he suffered the Execution of the utmost Severity upon them Nester Alba or Neister Alba a Town in Bessarabia on the Euxine Sea Neuf Chastel Novum Castrum a Town in the Paix de Caux in the Dukedom of Normandy upon the River Arques eight Leagues from Dieppe to the South-East Neuf Chastel sur Meuse a Town of Lorrain upon the Maes in the Borders of Champagne five Leagues from Mirecourt to the West and seven from Toul to the South Nevers Nivernum a Fine Great Rich Populous City a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sens and a Dukedom since the year 1457. when Charles VII King of France advanced it to that Dignity whereas it had been before an Earldom it has a Bridge over the Loyre and a Castle built by its ancient Earls five Leagues from Baris and Lions twelve from Moulins John Casimir King of Poland died in this City December 16. 1672. Caesar speaks of it in his Commentaries under the Name of Noviodunum in Aeduis The Latin Writers variously call it Nivernium Vadicassium Noviodunum Augustonemetum c. It is the Capital of the Territory of Nivernois which is about twenty Leagues long and broad lying betwixt Berry Gastinois Bourbonnois and Bourgogne of the latter of which it makes a part and has other considerable Towns standing in it Neuf-Marche Novus Mercatus a Town in Normandy upon the River Eure by which it is separated from Beauvais Heretofore very much regarded Lewis VII took it after a sharp Siege in 1151. It was restored to the English in 1154. In 1161. there was a Parliament held in it under Henry II. King of England in which the Title of Pope Alexander III. to the Roman Chair was recognized and Victor the Antipope rejected This Town stands twenty Miles from Roan to the South and the same distance from Paris to the West Nevern a Market Town in Pembrokeshire in the Hundred of Kemmes Nevin a Market Town in Caernarvanshire in in Wales the Hundred of Tinllain Nevis or Mevis one of the Leeward Chariby Islands in America very near to S. Christopher It is the Residence of the chief Governor of all the Leeward Islands In Charles-Town which is the principal Settlement almost all the Houses of Brick and Stone
the East three from Ingolstad and the same distance from Aichstadt to the South The Duke of Newburg is lately become Elector Palatine by the Death of Charles the last Elector without Issue Newenburg Newburg Neopyrgum a small City in Schwaben in the Dukedom of Wurtsburg upon the River Entz in the Borders of the Marquisate of Baden six German Miles from Stugart to the West and as much from Spire to the South Newenburg Newbourg Neoburgum a Town in Brisgow upon the Rhine between Brisach to the North and Basil to the South heretofore a Free Imperial City but in 1410. exempted and granted to the House of Austria Since that in 1675. it was much damnified and in part destroyed Newenstad Neustad Neostadium a City in Austria which is one of the principal Cities in that Dukedom built in a Marshy low Ground upon a small River six German Miles from Vienna to the North. The Town is of a square Form with a Piazza in the middle incompassed with two Walls and a Ditch The outward Wall is not high the inward is of no great strength yet has defeated two Attempts of the Turks against it in the latter of which Solyman the Magnificent in 1529. Stormed this Town seven times in one day and was every time repulsed In this City the Emperor has a Palace of a square building with four Towers which may be seen a great way off There is another City of the same name in Bohemia in the Dukedom of Oppelen near the Borders of the Dukedom of Grotkaw five Miles from Oppelen There is a third in the Palatinate of the Rhine four German Miles from Spire to the West and two from Landaw to the North once an Imperial City but now exempt A fourth in the Dukedom of Wurtsburg two Miles from Wimpfen to the East and a little more from Hailbrun A fifth in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Leyne six Miles from Zell to the West which is under the Duke of Hannover Newent a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Botlow The New Forest a Forest in Hampshire in compass about thirty Miles in which Richard the second Son of William the Conqueror was killed by a Deer William his third Son was accidentally slain by Sr. Walter Tyrrel and Robert Curtoyse his Grandson was struck into the jaws by the bough of a Tree and dyed Which fatalities have been the more remarked because to make this Forest compleat for game William the Conqueror caused no less than thirty Parish Churches with many Towns and Villages to be levelled to the ground Newhausel Neoselium a strong but small Town in the Vpper Hungary called by the Hungarians Owar it stands upon the River Nitria two German Miles from the Danube to the North and eleven from Presburg to the East It is sented in a Marsh which is its greatest strength It has six Bastions made in the form of a Star and walled up Breast height above the Level within the Dike not broad or deep The Grand Vister sat down before this Town August 14. 1663. and took it the 27. with the loss of fifteen thousand Men. He immediately endeavoured to strengthen it by bringing the River to run round but however July 7. 1685. the Duke of Lorrain sat down before it and took it by Storm August 19. following putting all the Garrison to the Sword Newmarckt Novomarchia a City of Transylvania called by the Hungarians Masserhely It stands upon the River Merisch at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains thirty five Miles from Clausenburgh to the South-East In this City the Assemblies of the States of Transylvania are most usually held New-Market a Town in the Borders of Suffolk and Cambridgeshire in a plain yielding a large prospect ten Miles from Cambridge to the East It consists of two Parishes the one in Suffolk the other in Cambridgeshire Famous for Horse Races and a House belonging to the Kings of England A Fire in this Town saved the Life of Charles II. by necessitating his return before the time appointed which prevented the designs of the Rie-House Conspirators Newnham a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Fauseley Newport Medena Novus Portus a Town in the Isle of Wight which is the Capital of the Island Well seated much frequented and very populous It has a small Haven and is a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to Parliament by the Grant of James I. Charles I. honoured it also by Creating Mountjoy Blount Earl of Newport in 1628. This Honour is now enjoyed by Henry his Son who is the third Earl of this Family Long. 19. 14. Lat. 50. 40. Newport upon the Usk a considerable Sea-Port Town in the County of Monmouth seated between the Ebwith and the Vsk with a fair Bridge over the latter two Miles from the Severn to the North. As the Vske discharges it self into the Severn it makes a good haven which bears the name of this Town Newport Pagnel a Market Town in Buckinghamshire upon the Ouse over which it hath two Bridges The Capital of its Hundred Newport in Pembrokeshire is a considerable Town in the North-West part of that County upon the Irish Sea built at the foot of an high Mountain by the side of the River Neverns By Martin of Tours and the procurement of his Posterity made a Corporation also returning one member to the English Parliament in which afterwards they built a Castle for their Habitation Newport in Shropshire a handsome Market Town in the Hundred of S. Bradford South of Drayton and upon a long plain adjoyning to Staffordshire Newport Novus Portus a strong Sea-Port Town in Flanders of old called Santhoft that is the Sandy Head It has a competent Haven upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Yperle five Leagues from Dunkirk to the East and three from Ostend to the West Still in the Hānds of the Spaniards Near this place Prince Maurice of Nassaw gave the Spaniards a great overthrow Feb. 25. 1600. Newton a Market and Borough-town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford privileged with the Election of two Parliament-men Newton-Abbot or Newton-Bishops a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Heyter Newtown a Market Town in the County of Montgomery in Wales in the Hundred of Kidriorn Neyland a considerable Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Babergh upon the River Stower It stands in a rich bottom and drives the cloathing Trade Neytracht See Nitracht Niancheu Niancheum a considerable City in the Province of Chekram in China Niaren More the Russian Name of the North Ocean or Frozen Sea called Mare Scythicum Nicaragua a Region in New Spain in North America of great extent between the North Sea to the East the South Sea to the West the Province of Hondura to the North and La Costa Rica to the South Also called New Leon from Leon de Nicaragua the principal City in it which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico
or Wedge containing in length from North to South about forty Miles in breadth where it is the broadest thirty in the whole four hundred and sixty Parishes and only six Market Towns The Air is cold and sharp the Soil barren and rugged but much improved by the Industry of its Inhabitants and chiefly towards the Sea fertile The Bowels of the Earth are full of Coal Mines whence a great part of England â—s supplied with that Fewel The principal Places in â—â— are Newcastle and Berwick George Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Charles II. was created Duke of Northumberland in 1674. Which Title had been once before enjoyed by John Dudley Earl of Warwick created Duke of Northumberland by K. Edward VI. in 1551. and beheaded by Q. Mary After the death of the said John the Title of Earl of Northumberland returned to the Percies in whose Family as it had heretofore belong'd to them from the Year 1337 when Henry Piercy Lord Constable possessed it under K. Richard II. and was succeeded in it by five of his Name and Family with little interruption so it continued till the Year 1670 when Joceline Piercy died at Turin without Issue Male. North-Curry a Market Town in Somersetshire upon the River Tone and the Capital of its Hundred Northwich a Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Dane which runs into the Weeve the Capital of its Hundred Its Salt-pits render it remarkable Norway Norvegia Nerigon Basilia is a Kingdom of great extent on the North-Western Shoar of Europe called by the Inhabitants Norricke and by Contraction Norke by the Germans Norwegen Heretofore esteemed the Western part of Scandinavia and called Nerigon as Cluverius saith it reaches from the Entrance of the Baltick Sea to almost the North Cape but not of equal breadth On the East a long Ridge of Mountains always covered with Snow called Sevones separate it from Sweden Barren and Rocky or overgrown with vast and unpassable Woods It s length is about one thousand and three hundred English Miles and two hundred and fifty its breadth Divided into five Provinces Aggerhus Bergensus Dronthemhus VVardhus and Bahus The Inhabitants traffick abroad with Dryed Fish Whales Grease and Timber Of the same Religion with the Danes and some of them enclined to Magick like the Laplanders The Glama is the only River in this Kingdom that is sufficient to carry Vessels of great burden In 1646. a discovery was made of a golden Mine near Opslow which was quickly exhausted Bahus was resigned to the King of Sweden in 1658. There depend upon this Kingdom several Islands as Iseland Groenland Spitzberg the Isles of Feroe and those of Orkney the latter whereof were resigned to James VI. of Scotland The principal Cities are Drontheim and Berghen This had Kings of its own from very ancient times but in 1326. it was first united to Denmark in the Person of Magnus III. In 1376. they became so united that they were never since separated Norwich Nordovicum Norvicum is a rich populous neat City in the middle of the County of Norfolk seated at the confluence of the Venster or Vensder and the Yare over which it hath several Bridges This City sprung up out of the Ruins of Venta Icenorum now called Caster in which not many years since was found a vast number of Roman Urns. When or by whom Norwich was built is not known it seems to be a Saxon City it was certainly the Seat of some of the Kings of the East-Angles In its Infancy Sueno a Dane burnt it in 1004. In the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror it was besieged and taken by Famine Herbert Bishop of this Diocese contributed to its growth by removing the Bishops Chair from Thetford hither about 1096. In the seventeenth year of King Stephen's Reign it was refounded and made a Corporation The Castle is thought to have been built in the Reign of Henry II. Taken by the French in the Reign of King John In the Reign of Edward I. it was walled by the Citizens Henry IV. in 1403. granted them a Mayor Afterwards it began to decay till Queen Elizabeth sent the Dutch Stuff Weavers who sled over into England from the cruel Government of the Duke d'Alva hither whereupon it grew very populous and rich There was great need of this supply one Kett a Tanner of VVindham having almost ruined this City about 1548. in the Reign of Edward VI. The present Bishop of Norwich is the seventy first from Bedwinus of Elmham the seventy fifth from Foelix the first Bishop of the East-Angles who began the Bishoprick in 636. Long. 24. 55. Lat. 52. 40. This City being about a Mile and a half in length and half as much in breadth contains twenty Parishes well walled with several Turrets and twelve Gates for Entrance and so pleasantly intermixt with Houses and Trees that it looks like an Orchard and a City within each other It gives the Title of Earl to the Duke of Norfolk whose Palace with that of the Bishop the Cathedral the Hospital c. are the principal Ornaments of its Buildings Noto Netum Nea Nectum Neetum a City of Sicily of great Antiquity and at this time great well inhabited the Capital of the Province called by its name It is incompassed with high Rocks and sleep Valleys being seated on the South side of Iseland Eight Miles from the Sea fifteen from Pachy no to the South-West and twenty five from Syracuse to the South Il Val di Noto Netina Vallis the Province in which the last mentioned City stands is the second Province of Sicily and lies on the South side of the Island On the North it has Il Valle di Demona on the West il Val di Mazara and on the South the African Sea Notteberg Notteburgum a Town in Ingria in Sweden seated on an Island in the Lake Ladoga towards the Confines of Moscovy Called Oreska by the Russ A very strong Town by its Situation yet Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden took it from the Moscovites in 1614. It takes its name from Nutts Nottinghamshire Nottinghamia is bounded on the North and West by Yorkshire on the East by Lincolnshire divided from it by the Trent on the South by Leicestershire on the West by Darbyshire It is in length thirty eight English Miles from North to South in breadth from East to West not above nineteen and in Circuit about an hundred and ten containing 168 Parishes and nine Market Towns The Air is good and pleasing the Soil rich Sand and Clay so that for Corn or Grass it may compare with any County of England it abounds equally with Wood and Coals and is watered with the Rivers Trent and Iddle besides several small Streams This County takes its name from its principal Town Nottingham Rhage a delicate pleasant Town seated on a high Hill full of fine Streets and good Buildings upon the River Line towards the South Borders of this County and about a Mile from the Trent to the West
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
last it is divided by the Loyre though some attribute several Villages to it beyond that River The Cities of it are Orleans Baugency and Chartres Ormus Armuzia Ormuzium Organa a small Island on the Coast of Persia known to the Greeks and Romans with a City of the same name This Island is seated at the Mouth of the Persian Gulph upon the Province of Schiras over against the Mouth of the Drut nine Spanish Miles in compass and twelve from the nearest Shoars of Persia The City which was once so potent and rich fell into the Hands of the Portuguese in 1517 and was re-conquered by the Persians assisted by the English April 25. 1622. Whereupon this so famous Mart presently became desolate and forsaken so that there is now little of it left but the Castle that the Portuguese built which has deluded the Forces of the Turks and Arabians Out of the ruins of it is sprung up Gambron on the continent Long. 91. 20. Lat. 27. 30. This Island wants fresh water It hath formerly sustain'd the title of a Kingdom The Tartars call it Necrokin The Portuguese were thought to lose six or seven Millions at the retaking of it by the English and Persian Forces Ormond Ormondia The North part of the County of Tipperary in the Province of Munster called by the Irish Orwowon that is the front of Munster A lean Mountainous barren Country which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most Loyal Families in that Kingdom the first of which was James Butler Created Earl of Ormond by Edward III. James the late Earl was for his signal services in the old Rebellion in Ireland in 1643 Created Marquess of Ormond In 1660. he was by Charles II. made Duke of Ormond in Ireland and in 1661. in England Ormokirk a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Darby not far from Merton Meer Ornano a Signory in the Isle of Corsica Orne Orna Olina a River in Normandy which watereth Argentan Caen and at Estreban falls into the British Sea Orne Odorna a River of Lorrain which falls into the Moselle between Mets and Thionville it has a Town of the same name upon it between the Moselle and the Maes but nearest to the last Hofman Orontes See Farfar § The same is also the name of a Mount near the City Tauris in Persia Oropus or Orope an antient City of Attica in Greece called now Zucamini and Suzamino Aulus Gellius speaks of it § There was a second in Macedonia the Birth-place of Seleucus Nicanor § A third in the Island Euboea in Aristotle's time who remembers it § And Stephanus places a fourth in Syria called also Telmissus Orsoi Orsoium Orsovium a small but strong and an important Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany upon the Rhine Taken for the Hollanders by the Prince of Orange in 1634 and in 1672 by the Duke of Orleans for the French Orssa a strong Town in the Dukedom of Lithuania in Poland seated at the Confluence of the River Orsca with the Nieper eighteen Polish Leagues from Smolensko to the West and twelve from Mohilow to the North towards VVitepski It is defended by a good Cittadel Sigismond I. King of Poland defeated the Muscovites before it in 1514 taking Prisoners four thousand and leaving dead upon the Place forty thousand It hath heretofore been in the hands of the Muscovites Orta or Orti Hortanum a small City in the Ecclesiastical State upon the Tiber near its Confluence with the Nera and upon an Ascent It belonged formerly to the Dukedom of Toscana Pliny takes occasion to mention it It is an Episcopal City thirty four Miles from Rome to the North. Ortonbourg Ortemburgum a Town in the Province of Carinthia in Germany upon the Drave having the honour to give a Title of a Count of the Empire Orton a Market Town in the County of VVestmorland in East Ward amongst the Heaths much wanting Wood. Ortona a City of the Hither Abruzzo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trivento which has a safe Port on the Adriatick twelve Miles from Trivento North-East eight from Lanciano to the same and eleven from Pescara to the South-East It is now called Ortona à Mare to distinguish it from Ortona di Marsi in the same Province Made a Bishop's See by Pope Pius V. in 1570. The Revenue of this Town belongs to the Papacy Orvieto Oropitum Vrbiventum Herbanum a City of Italy of great antiquity called in several Ages by various names It was heretofore included in the Province of Toscana now in S. Peter's Patrimony the Capital of a Territory denominated from it and a Bishop's See seated upon the River Pelia which a little higher takes in the Chiana and three Miles lower falls into the Tiber twenty Miles from Viterbo to the North sixty from Rome and thirty from Perugia Very strong by its Situation being fenced on all sides by Rocks and steep Valleys or Precipices Orwell a River in the County of Suffolk upon whose Banks not only Ipswich but Stow Market and Needham are also situated Osaro See Serchio Osbor or Olbor Osborium The Geographers do not determine whereabouts in Germany it was that this Place stood But they omit not to mention it upon the account of a Council there assembled in the presence of the Emperor Henry IV. which condemn'd the Anti-Pope Honorius II. and confirm'd the Election of Pope Alexander II. Oseau Ossavus a small River in Bearn Osenburgh Osnaburgum Osnabrugum Osnabrucum a City of VVestphalia in Germany which is a Hanse Town and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Cologn instituted by Charles the Great in 776. It is seated upon the River Hasa eight German Miles from Munster to the South-East and fifteen from Oldenburgh to the South Famous for a Peace concluded here between the Emperor and the Crown of Sweden in 1648. This City is under the Dominion of its own Bishop who keeps his ordinary residence at Patersbourgh and called sometimes Osnabruck Not only the Parochial Churches are divided here amongst the Roman Catholicks and Lutherans but the Lutherans also have the Possession of three Prebends in the very Cathedral with a Voice Active in the Election of Dignitaries The Roman Catholick Prebendaries have Voices Active and Passive electing and to be elected § The Bishoprick of Osenburgh is a Tract of Germany under the Bishop of this Diocese by the Order of Charles the Great Bounded on the West and South with the Bishoprick of Munster on the East by the Principality of Minden and the County of Ravensperg from North to South forty Miles from East to West twenty five The Bishop of this Diocese is to be a Roman Catholick and a Lutheran by turns according to the Treaty made in this City in favour of the House of Brunswick Osero Absirtum Absortus Absorus Civitas Ausarensis an Island and City of its name upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians The City is a Bishop's
in 1674 but by the Treaty of Nimeguen restored to them in 1679. Some derive its beginning from a Fortress built by the Hunns upon the Schelde in 411. Oudon Olda a River in France in the Province of Anjou Another in Aquitain called le Lot more commonly and a third in Beaujolois Over-Yssel Over-Issel Trans-Issalana a Province of great extent in the United Netherlands towards Germany which was a part of the Bishoprick of Vtrecht from the year 1046 and called so because it lay beyond the Issel It is divided into three parts the Drente the Sallant and the Twente Bounded on the East by the Bishoprick of Munster on the North by Friesland and Groningen on the West and South by the Zuyder Sea and Guelderland It was granted from the Bishoprick to Charles V. in 1527. In 1582. it revolted from Spain and united with the Hollanders In 1672. it was over-run by the French who were forced two years after to draw off so it returned to its former liberty The principal Places are Deventer Campen Zwol and Coevorden Ovessant Vxantis Insula an Island on the West of Britany in France Oviedo Ovedum Ovetum a City in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain the Capital of a Territory called les Asturies d'Oviedo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Compostella between the Nora and the Nalona Once the Capital of a Kingdom begun in the Person of Pelagius in 717. and continued in his Successors till the year 913 when Ordenno II. took the style of King of Leon. This City stands five Spanish Leagues from the Shoars of the Ocean to the South eighteen from Asturia and sixteen from Leon betwixt the Mountains There was a small University opened here in 1580 which never much improved In 901. a Council was assembled at this City under Pope John VIII which advanced the See to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick But it has lost again that Dignity since Oulney a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Newport upon the River Ouse Oundle a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Polbrooke pleasantly seated on the Banks of the Nen over which it has two Bridges It is beautified with a fair Church a Free-School and an Almshouse L'Ourt or Ourte Vrta a River of the Low Countries springing near the Frontiers of the Dukedom of Luxembourg and passing by Offalize Rochefort Durbui it receives the Albe with the change of its name into Vrt Ourt and falls into the Maese at Liege Ourtes or Orthez Ortesium a Town in the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland upon the Gave de Pau betwixt Pau and Bayonne Remarkable for an antient Castle and a Protestant School Ousche or L'Ouche Oscaris a River of the Dukedom of Bourgogne in France passing by Fleuri and Dijon and after the Reception of some Rivulets joyning with the Saosne near S. Jean de Lone Ouse Isis a River in Glocestersh which ariseth in the South Border of that Shire near Toorleton at Crekelade it takes in the Churne at Lechlade the Colne and beneath it the Leche This is properly the Head of the Thames tho it has not that Name till its conjunction with the Thame in Oxfordshire Ouse Garryenus a River called Vre and Youre which parteth the West from the North-Riding of Yorkshire watereth the City of York and then falls into the Wherfe at Cawood Castle Ouse the Great ariseth in the County of Hertford in a place called Dane End above Lutton and running North-West entereth Bedfordshire and watereth the principal Town of it from thence it passeth to Huntington by Ely above which joyning with the River Granta from Cambridge and beneath Little Port taking in the Little Ouse which ariseth at Loppham Ford in the County of Suffolk and dividing Suffolk from Norfolk passeth by Thetford into the Great Ouse by Downham and Kings Linn falls into the German Ocean This is one of the greatest Rivers of England Ourque a Town in Portugal made famous by a Victory obtained by Alfonso against five Kings of the Moors in 1256. Ouste or L'Aust Ousta Austa a River in Bretagne It takes its source in the Forest of Laudeac near Avangour then passing by Rohan Jocelin Malestroit Pont-Corbin augmented with the Ars and the Claye it unites with the Vilaine near Redon Owar Ovaria a Town in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Vag at the foot of the Mountains which part that Country from Poland It stands below Transchin Oxfordshire Oxoniensis Comitatus is bounded on the North by Warwick and Northampton on the East by Buckingham on the South by Barkshire and on the West by Gloucestershire The Air of it is mild sweet and pleasant the Earth fruitful both in Corn and Grass by reason of the great abundance of Rivers and fresh Springs It is of a triangular Form forty Miles from North-West to South-East in length scarce twenty in breadth and in circumference an hundred and thirty containing two hundred and eighty Parishes and fifteen Market Towns Watered by the Thame and Isis the Cherwell the Windrush and the Evenlode The Dobani were the old Inhabitants of it during the times of the Romans It takes its Name from the principal City See the Natural History of this County fully and curiously written by the Learned Doctor Robert Plott Oxford Oxonium Oxfordia Calleva Rhydicina from the Welsh name Rhidychen is seated in the Southern Border of the County of Oxford towards Berkshire having the Cherwel on the East and the Isis or Ouse on the South It is a very fair and substantial City seated in an excellent Air and enjoying so delightful a Prospect that the Country adjacent has thence long ago contracted the Title of Bellositum amongst the Ingenious One of the noblest and ancientest Universities also in the World Begun or rather after the Desolations it had suffered in common with the rest of England under the Saxons and Danes restored by King Alfred a Saxon anno Christi 806 the great Civilizer of the English Nation who sending his Son Ethelward hither encouraged the Young Nobles to come to it from all Parts In the time of William the Conqueror it was a considerable City having then seven hundred seventy and four Houses five hundred of which paid yearly Customs to the King In this Prince's time Robert d' Oily a Norman built the Castle on the West side of the Town In 1074 King Stephen closely besieged Maude the Empress Daughter of Henry I. and Mother of Henry II. in this Castle Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canterbury celebrated a Council here in 1222. There have in process of time by several Princes and Noble Benefactors been founded and liberally endowed here eighteen Colleges and seven Halls of which Vniversity Baliol and Merton Colleges were the first endowed in all Europe of latter times by Sheldon Archbishop of Canterbury a noble Theatre and at the Charge of the University a stately Musaeum was finished in the year 1683. Then the Bodlean Library contending with the Vatican
It became a Bishops See in Christian times but now ruined under the Tarks and called Bassa Papous or la Tierra dos Papoas as the Portugueze call it and Terre des Papous as the French is a Country in the Terra Australis to the East of the Islands Ceram and Gilola in the East-Indies near the Equinoctial Line by some made to be a part of New Guinee by others separated from it by a small Streight The Princes of the neighbouring Islands have the Natives in Esteem for Courage and Fidelity Pappenheim a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the River Altmul adorned with the Title of a Barony formerly now an Earldom It gave its Name and Title to the famous General Pappenheim in the late German Wars Para a City in the North part of Brasil upon the River of Amazons under the Dominion of the Portuguese forty Miles above the fall of that River Long. 328. Lat. 01. 30. There belongs to this City a Province of the same Name called Capitania de Para. Paragoja an Island of the East-Indies called likewise Puloan and Calamianes between Borneo to the South-West and Manilla to the North East an hundred Miles in length twenty in breadth and two hundred in circuit It is one of the Philippine Islands which was never conquered by the Europeans Not very fertile or well peopled Paraguay Paraguaia a vast Country in the South America the greatest part of which is subject to the Spaniards Bounded on the East by Brasil on the South by Magellanica on the West by Peru and the Kingdom of Chili It is divided into seven Counties which are sruitful in all things with Mines and Sugars Not many Spanish Colonies are settled in it yet it has one Bishop at l' Assumption and another at Buenos Ayres This Province takes its Name from the River Paraguay which signifies the River of Feathers It ariseth from the Lake of Xaraies and going South receives the River of Plata and many others and at last by a vast Mouth falls into the Sea of Magellan This is one of the greatest Rivers of America Paraiba a strong City in Brasil which has a large Haven and gives name to a Province called the Government or Capitania de Paraiba Not above eight Miles from the North Sea upon a River of the same name It was long since inhabited by five hundred Portuguese besides Slaves and Negroes and being unwalled its best security was the Fort of S. Francis built by the French and taken by the Portuguese in 1585. In 1634. both the City and Fort were forced to submit to the Dutch Valour who new named them Frederickstadt But the Portuguese have at last recovered the Possession of it These latter have sometimes called the City Nostra Sennora das Nieves Parana a River and Province of Paraguay The Spaniards have about four Colonies in this Province Paranaiba Paranayba a River and a Province on the Consines of Brasil The River falls in that of the Amazons on the South Side of which the Province lies Paray-le-Moineau Pareium Moniacum a Town in the Dukedom of Burgogne in France in the Territory of Charolois upon the River Brebinche two Leagues from the Loyre Pardiac Pardiniacum a County in Aquitain in France Parenzo Parentum Parentium a small City in Histria under the Venetians which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja It stands seven Miles from Citta Nuoua to the South twenty eight from Gapo di Istria and eighty from Venice to the East upon a Peninsula well sortified having a convenient Haven But not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness of the Air. Paria a Province in the Terra Firma in South America near the Shoars of the North Sea and under the Dominion of the Spaniards between the River Orinoque to the East and the Venetola to the West This is a principal Member of New Andalusia from hence often called Paria There are some few Colonies of Spaniards in it and a Gulph of its Name Parimao a Lake in South America which which bounds the Country of Guiana on the South under the Line Some call it Roponouvini It has not hitherto been fully discovered by the Europeans Parinacocha a Province of Peru towards the Andes under the Spaniards Pario Parium a City of the Lesser Asia upon the Propontis twenty Miles from Lampsaco to the East and thirty from Cyzicus now Spinga It has a large Haven and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spinga Paris Leutetia Luotetia Lucetia Leucotetia Parisii and Lutetia Parisiorum the Capital City of the Kingdom of France boasted by Baudrand to be the greatest City of Europe with a Nemine reclamante no body denying it to be so This was a celebrated City in the Times of the Roman Empire Julian the Apostate whilst he was Caesar only resided here in the Reign of Constantius and adorned it with Baths and a Palace But its greatest Rise was from the Franks Clodoveus settling the Royal Throne in this City about the year 458. Julius Caesar is the first that mentions it it was then very small being wholly contained in an Island in the Seyne not exceeding forty Acres which had then a Wooden Bridge over the River In this Isle the Cathedral Church now is and the Palace of the first French Kings From the times of Clodoveus the first Christian King as long as that Race lasted it grew mightily and became very considerable But under the Caroline Line it was very little improved those Princes not fixing here or in any other place In the year 585 it happened to be almost all burnt In 845 856 886 and 890 the Normans by Sieges and Incursions did extremely endamage it In 896 it was very hardly preserved out of the Hands of the Normans as to the Island what stood out of the Island was redeemed from Ruin by Money The Posterity of Hugh Capet on the other side fixed here and bestowed great Sums of Money in enlarging and adorning this City Charles the Great about the year 796 at the Request of Alcuinus a Saxon opened an University here to whose further Grandeur King Lewis the Seventh and Philip the August contributed very much The College of Sorbonne holds the first place therein In the year 1034 it suffered another Fire and in 1206 a terrible Inundation of the River Seine In 1420 Henry V. of England possessed himself of this City by marrying Catharine the Daughter of Charles VI. of France In the year 1422 Henry VI. Son of this Victorious but short lived Prince was crowned King of France in Paris And again in 1431. After this it remained in the Hands of the English till the year 1435. The Divisions of England under Henry VI. made way for the lâ—ss of France The year 1572 brought great and unparallel'd Infamy and Calamity upon this potent City 10000 Gentlemen being assassinated within her Walls who came thither upon the Publick Faith to the Celebration of a Marriage
of Poland called by the Natives Poconk or Pocouth It is a part of the Territory of Halitz between the River Tyra now the Neister and the Borders of Transylvania and Walachia the principal Town is Sniatim upon the Pruth the rest Colomey and Martinow Podgarim Babylonia a Province in Asia Podolia Bodeni Budini Patzinacae Populi a Province of the Kingdom of Poland comprehended under the Red Russia of which it is a part and subject to a Palatine of its own Bounded on the North by Volhinia on the East by the Palatinate of Braslaw on the South by Wallachia and on the West by Russia properly so called or the Black Russia This Country extends Eastward through vast uninhabited Countries as far as the Euxine Sea They divide it ordinarily into the Vpper Podolia to the West and the Lower to the East The people are Russians by their Original conquered by the Poles and in the year 1434. admitted to the same Privileges with the rest of Poland by Vladislaus then King of Poland It is fruitful to a wonder yet more accommodated to the life of Beasts than Men. Could it enjoy a steady Peace it should not need to envy the Fertility of Italy or any other Country but being a Frontier against the Turks and Tartars and always exposed to their devouring Incursions it is but meanly inhabited and not much improved In the year 1672. it was yielded to the Turks a part of it has been retrieved since The principal place is Caminieck in the Vpper Podolia the rest are Tzudnow Bratzlaw in the Lower and Orczakow which last is in the hands of the Tartars Poictiers Pictavium Augustoritum Pictava Pictavorum Vrbs a City which is the Capital of the Province of Poictou in France a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and a celebrated University founded by Charles VII in 1431. It stands upon the River Clain at its Confluence with another small River which there makes a large Lake fourteen Leagues from the Loyre to the South thirty from Saintes to the North and thirty five from Bourges to the West Famous for many Battels sought near it especially that of the Black Prince in the year 1356. In which John King of France was taken Prisoner together with many Lords and two thousand Knights and Esquires Fifty two Lords one thousand seven hundred Knights and Gentlemen were slain of the French Three French Battalions the least of which exceeded the English were intirely routed and in great part destroyed In the Reign of Charles VII King of France whilest the Victorious English were Masters of the Capital of the Kingdom the Parliament of Paris for some years sat here The old Castle by the Gate of S. Lazare is thought to have been the Work of the Romans who built besides an Amphitheatre and other Edisices yet apparent in their remains This City contains twenty four Parishes five Abbeys and divers Monasteries The Episcopal See became famous in the Primitive Times by the Person of S. Hilary Divers Councils have been celebrated at it In one Anno 1075. Berengarius appeared whilst the Doctrine of the Presence in opposition to his was received recognized and established Another under Pope Paschal II. excommunicated Philip I. King of France The Roman Catholicks took Poictiers from the Huguenots and plundered it in 1562. In 1569. the Huguenots under Admiral Coligny besieged it but were forced to rise without success Poictou Pictaviensis Provincia is a large Province in France which was a part of Aquitain whilest under the Romans and called by the Italians Poitu It s greatest extent is from East to West being bounded on the East by Touraine and la Marche on the North by Anjou and Bretagne on the West by the Bay of Aquitain or the British Sea and on the South by Saintonge and Angoulesme This Province was pillaged in the fifth Century by the Vandals Huns and Germans The Romans in the Reign of the Emperour Honorius left it to the Wisigoths whom Clovis the Grand expelled about the year 510. Then from the time of Charlemaigne it was under Sovereign Counts of its own till 1271 when upon a failure of the Line it was united to the Crown of France These Counts had for about nineteen several Successions attained the Title of Dukes of Guyenne Not to omit the the Descent of the Provinces of Guyenne and Poictou upon the Crown of England in 1152. by Eleanour Wise to Henry II. Nor the attempt made in 1242. though without success by Richard Earl of Cornwall Brother to King John to reduce Poictou under the Obedience of England again after the French pretended K. John had forfeited his Rights by the Death of Arthur The principal Towns next Poictiers are Chastelleraud Thouars S. Maxient Fountenay Loudun Niort Parthenay and Richelieu Poissy Pisciacum a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone Bridge over the Seine six Leagues above Paris to the East S. Lewis King of France was born here in 1215. The heart of King Philip le Bel was interred in a Church here of his own foundation It has divers Religious Houses And in the last Age was more especially famous upon the account of a Conference of Religion betwixt the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots from September 4. 1560. to November 25. held in the presence of Charles IX King of France and Catherine de Medicis the Queen Regent assisted with the Princes of the Blood a great number of Cardinals Bishops Counsellors and Grandees of the Kingdom and Learned Men of both Religions Beza as the Head of the Reformed chiefly managing and bending his utmost force against the Doctrine of the Presence Pola Polia Julia Pietas a City and Colony in Istria mentioned by Strabo and Pliny still called by the same Name being one of the strongest Cities in Istria and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja Seated on a Hill near the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea upon which it has a large Haven twenty eight Miles from Parenzo to the South sixty from Trieste and an hundred from Ancona to the North. Said to have been built by the Colchi Now under the States of Venice but small and not much inhabited it having not above seven or eight hundred Inhabitants The Venetians send a Governour however to it who takes the Title of a Count. It has a small Cittadel In the time of the Roman Empire this City as a Free State dedicated a Statue to Severus the Emperour it has several other noble Remains which speak its Greatness and Antiquity as Mr. Wheeler acquaints us in his Travels pag. 5. Long. 37. 00. Lat. 45. 04. Polan Bollia a River of Stiria Polana Monalus a River in the North of Sicily written in Baudrand Polina Poland Polenia is one of the principal Kingdoms in Europe called by the Natives Poloska by the Germans die Polen by the French Pologne by the Spaniards and Italians Polonia by the English Poland A part of the old Salmatia Europaea and has its
Brandenburgh are Camin Colburgh and Stratgard Klein Pommeren Pomerania Parva the Little Pomerania or the Palatinate of Pomerania is that part of Pomerania which long since was given to the Crown of Poland called by the Poles Woiewodztwo Pomorskie and for the most part included in Prussia Bounded on the West by that part of Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh on the North by the Baltick Sea the River Vistula to the East by which it is separated from the rest of Prussia and the greater Poland to the South The principal City in it is Dantzick Pommerelle or the Dukedom of Pommeren is a part of the Eastern Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh Bounded on the East by Cassubia and the Marquisate of Brandenburgh by the Baltick Sea on the North the Oder on the West and the Dukedom of Stetin on the South The Great Towns in it are Stargart Camin and Treptow Pompeiopolis an ancient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor to which Pompey the Great imparted his name as Trajan afterward also did that of Trasanopolis It has been honoured since Christianity with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia But now become a miserable Town called according to some Palesali § There was a second in Paphlagonia which received Pompey's name after his defeat of Mithridates King of Pontus having before been called Eupatoria This latter became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Now wholly ruined Pons a Town of France in the Province of Saintonge upon the River Seugne which falls in the Charante below Sainctes It gives its name to a Neighbouring Forest and likewise to an honourable Family of France In Latin apud Pontes Pont à Mouson Mussipontum Mussipons a Town in Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Moselle five Leagues from Nancy to the North six from S. Michael and five from Toul it has been well fortified but at present dismantled and made an University in which there is a Scotch College of the foundation of Pope Gregory XIII It gives the Title of a Marquess hath two Abbeys and divers Churches Pont de l' Arche Pons Arcus Pons Arcuensis a City in Normandy in the Bishoprick of Roan which has a strong Castle and a Stone Bridge upon the Seine which here receives the Eure and the Andele built by Charles the Bald. It stands three Leagues above Roan to the South and was the first Town that surrendred it self to Henry IV. after his advancement to the Crown of France Pont Andemer or Ponteau-de-Mer Pons Audomari a small City in Normandy upon the River Rille two Leagues from its Mouth and ten from Roan to the West surprised by the Leaguers in 1592. but soon after returned to the King In 1279 a Council was assembled here Pont Beauvoisin Pons Bellovicinus a Town in Dauphine upon the River Guyer here covered with a Bridge which gives it this name and separates the Province of Dauphine from Savoy Pont de Ce Pontes Caesaris a Town in the Dukedom of Anjou upon the Loyre over which it has a very long Bridge and had once a very strong Castle One League from Angiers to the South At this Town the Troops of Lewis XIII under Mareschal de Crequi defeated those of the Queen Mother Maria de Medicis in 1620. Pont du Gard Pons Vardonis or Gardonis three Bridges built one over the other over the River Gardon for the continuing an Aquaduct to Nismes The lowest having six Arches the second twelve and the highest thirty four a thing of great Antiquity It stands in the middle between Avignon to the East and Nismes to the West four Leagues from the latter The Learned Dr. Brown in his Travels gives the Figure of this wonderful Work and assures us that the top of it is one hundred and eighty six Foot above the Water of the River Pont Eau de Mer a Town in Normandy the same with Pont Audemer Pont l' Eveque Pons Episcopi a Town in Normandy near Caen upon the River Leson three Leagues from Lisieux and two from the Sea It is noted for good Cheese Pont-Oise Pontesium Pontisara Aesiae pons and Pons ad Oesiam a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the River Oise and an English Nunnery six Leagues from Paris to the North-West towards Roan Taken by the English in the Year 1417 and recovered by the French in the Year 1442 after a Siege of six weeks It was also taken and retaken in 1589. successively by King Henry III. and the Duke of Mayenne In 1561. in the beginning of the Reign of Charles IX the Estates of the Kingdom were assembled here It hath a Castle with divers Churches and Monasteries giving the title of a Viscount Situated in the Territory of Vexin Francois at the Confluence of the Oyse and Seine Pont Orson Pons Vrsonis a Town in the Confines of Normandy and Bretagne in France upon the River Couesnon which a little lower falls into the British Sea between Auranches to the East and Dole to the West two Leagues from Mount S. Michael Pont S. Esprit Pons Sancti Spiritus a City of France in the Lower Languedoc which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the River Rhosne of an extraordinary structure Three Leagues from Viviers to the South and seven from Avignon to the North. Pont S. Maixance Pons Sanctae Maxentiae a Town in the Government of the Isle of France in the Duchy of Valois upon the Oyse here covered with a Bridge three Leagues from Senlis Pont-Pool a Market Town in Monmouthshire betwixt the Hills of chief note for Iron Mills Pontefract or Pomfret a pleasant neat Borough and Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Osgodcross situated upon a stream a little below the confluence of the Warfe and the Are. Formerly ennobled with a Castle Royal mounted on an ascent with Ditches and Bulwarks which was in the long Rebellion demolished K. Richard II. after his resignation of the Crown was murdered in that Castle The Borough returns two Parliament Men. Pontieu or Ponthieu Ponticum Pontinia a County in Picardy which lies towards the Mouth of the Somme between the Chanche and the County of Bologne to the North and the Somme to the South The chief Towns in it are Abbeville Monstrevil Rue Pont S. Remi and Cleri This County was confirmed to the Crown of England by Eleanor of Castile Countess of Ponthieu Daughter to Ferdinand III. King of Castile her Marrying to Edward I. King of England Being afterwards enjoyed by K. Edward II. and III. and never finally re-united to the Crown of France till the Reign of Charles VII when the English quite lost their Dominions in that Kingdom Pontion or Pont-Yon Pontigo an ancient Royal House belonging to the Kings of France in the Territory of Parthois in Champaigne two Leagues from Vitri le Brûlé where Charles the Bald assembled a Council in 876. Some have mistaken it for
worthy of remembrance for its withstanding the repeated furious Assaults of the Turks in the Siege in 1480. Long. 58. 00. Lat. 37. 50. Rhodope See Rulla Rhoetia This ancient Country which some denominate the Western Illyricum was of that extent as to comprehend a part of what we now call the Circles of Schwaben Bavaria and Austria in Germany the Country of the Grisons and something of Switzerland Of which the Grisons who are more properly called the Alpine Rhoetians are the only People at this day retaining the memory of its Name where as one remarks of their Country you have Mountains of Pride and Valleys of Misery See Grisons Rhosne Rodanus one of the most celebrated Rivers in France called by the Germans Der Rogen by the Fronch Rhosne It ariseth from a double Spring in Mount de la Fourch in the Borders of Switzerland two German Miles from the Springs of the Rhein And running Westward through Vallais or Wallisserland it divides that Tract watering Sion or Sitten and Martinach the principal Places in it then entering the Lake of Lemane it divides Savoy from Switzerland five Leagues beneath Geneva saith Baudrand it burieth it self for some time in the Earth as I have often seen Then turning South and dividing Savoy from Bugey at Bellay it becomes great enough to bear a Boat then turning West and dividing Dauphiné from Bugey at la Bresse it entertains the Ain at Lyons it is covered by a Bridge of Stone and improved by the Addition of the Saone a great River here turning South it parts Lyonnis from Dauphiné watereth Vienne and Condrieu divides the Viverais from Dauphiné and salutes Andasse at S. Vallier over against Tournon receives the Isere above Valence beneath it the Erico the Drome and the Ardosche at S. Esprit it is again covered by a noble Stone Bridge so dividing Languedoc from Provence and encreased by the Sorgue it watereth Avignon where there is a third Bridge then receiving in the Durance and the Gardon and watering Beaucaire at Arles it divides into two Branches The Western Branch divides into two more at last it falls into the Mediterrantan Sea by five Mouths each of which has its proper Name to wit Gras du Midi Gras de Paulet Gras d' Enfer Grand Gras and Gras de Passon Some adding thereto Gras Neuf Which Word Gras is understood to be taken from Antoninus's Gradus where he speaks of the Entrance of the Rhosne into the Ocean But there is no Town built upon any of them of any note beneath Arles which stands about eight Miles into the Land This is a rapid River Rian Abravanus a Lake and River in the South-West of Galloway in Scotland of which Cambden saith that they are exceeding full of Herrings and Stone-Fishes Richelieu Richelaeum a City in the Province of Poictou built by the Cardinal of that Name who was born here in 1585 and for some time under Lewis XIII of France governed that Kingdom as he pleased Amongst other of his Actions he built or rebuilt at least this place to perpetuate the Memory of his Name and Family and procured it to be honoured with the Title of a Dukedom It stands four Miles from London to the East five from Mirebeau and one from Tours to the North-West Now in a flourishing State Richensée Verbigenus a Lake in the Canton of Argow in Switzerland Richmond a Town and County in Yorkshire lying on the North West of that County towards Lancashire which bounds it on the West It is a mountainous and desolate Place yet produceth Grass in reasonable quantity This County took its Name from Richmond a Town built by Alane Earl of Bretagne in France the first Earl of this County after the Conquest Nephew to William the Conqueror upon the River Swale over which it hath a Stone Bridge thirty two Miles from York to the North-West and twenty from the Sea to the South-West The Town is indifferently well frequented and populous It was anciently walled and fortified with a Castle by the said Alane for the greater security of these Parts against the English the Gates are still standing but in the midst of the Town its Situation being shifted Before it was thus rebuilt it was called Gilling Oswy King of Northumberland was basely murthered here in 659 ever after reputed a Martyr It is now a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons and containing two Parish Churches in the Hundred of Gillingwest Long. 18. 15. Lat. 55. 17. This Earldom continued in that Family till 1171 when it came to Geofrey Plantagenet the fourth Son of K. Henry II. by the Marriage of Constance Daughter of Conan Duke of Bretagne In 1230. Peter de Dreux was Earl of Richmond one of whose Descendents John de Montford was created Duke of Richmond in 1330 the sixteenth Earl and first Duke to whom in 1342. succeeded John of Gaunt afterwards Duke of Lancaster The twenty second Earl of Richmond was Henry VII King of England The twenty third was Henry Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Henry VIII The twenty fourth was Lewis Duke of Lenox created Earl of Richmond by King James I. in 1613 and Duke of the same in 1623. Which Family ended in Charles the fourth of that Line who died without Issue Ambassador in Denmark in 1672. In 1675 Charles Lenox was created Duke of Richmond by Charles the Second his Natural Father by the Dutchess of Portsmouth Richmont a Place in Saintonge in France Richmond a Town in Surrey upon the Thames between Kingston and London heretofore called Shene but by Henry VII named Richmond There is an ancient Palace or Royal House in it belonging to the Kings of England in which Edward III. died in 1377. Henry the Seventh rebuilt this Pile twice it being burnt in his Reign and afterwards he died here April 22. 1409. Also Queen Elizabeth of blessed Memory left this World in this place March 24. 1602. And before her Ann Daughter to the Emperor Charles V. and Wife to King Richard II esteemed a very beautiful Lady The Civil Wars in the Reign of King Charles I. left some of its effects upon this Palace This Town stands pleasantly and healthfully upon an easie Ascent fair large well built and well inhabited in the Hundred of Kingston Rickmansworth a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio near the River Coln Ries or Riez Rejus Rejensis Civitas Albecum Rejorum Apollinarium Colonia Rejorum Civitas Regiensium Rogium a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aix from which it stands twelve Miles to the North-East and six from Davignan to the North-West eight from Sisteron to the South little but populous built on a Hill by the River Auvestre which falls into the Verdon S. Hilary Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 439 in which Armentarius Bishop of Ambrun ordained by two Bishops only without the Authority of the Metropolitan was therefore
one Channel near the City Teneriffa in the Province of S. Martha falling afterwards into the North Sea § Also a Government in Brasil Rioga Rivogia a Province in Spain which was a part of Navarre but now annexed to Old Castile it is divided from Alava by the Douro and lies between Old Castile and Navarre The principal Towns of which are Calzada Legrono Najara and Belorado Riom Riomum Ricomagum a City in the Lower Auvergne in France two Leagues from Clermont to the North in a flourishing State The Capital of Auvergne adorned with a College of Oratorians of the Foundation of Lewis XIV an antient Abbey built in the beginning of the seventh Century two Hospitals and divers Churches and religious Communities Genebrard and Sirmondus the learned Jesuit were produced by this Place Ripa de Transona a small but elegant City in the Marquisate of Ancona under the Pope and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It stands five Miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea the same from the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples and ten from Fermo Pope Pius V. made it a Bishops See in 1571. Ripaille a Town in Savoy upon the Lake of Geneva Ripen Ripa a City in the Kingdom of Denmark in South Jutland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and has a convenient Harbor upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Nipsick and a Fortress five Miles from Hadersleben to the West and eight from Flensburgh to the South-West This Bishoprick was founded by Balatand King of Denmark in 950. Christopher I. King of Denmark died here in 1259. The City was taken by the Swedes in 1645 but since recovered by the Danes Ripley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro upon the River Nyd Rippon Rhidogunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West Riding in the Hundred of Claro of good Antiquity near the Youre over which it has a Bridge Adorned with a Collegiate Church with three lofty Spires and antiently with a stately Monastery built by Wilfride Archbishop of York till the Danes destroy'd it with the Town Yet Odo Archbishop of Canterbury repaired it again and translated the Reliques of the holy Founder to Canterbury There is a narrow hole in a Vault under ground in the Church called S. Wilfride's Needle It is one of the best Towns in the County well inhabited and of note particularly for making good Spurs Having the Privilege to be a Corporation also represented by two Members in the House of Commons Risano Formio a River of Carniola the upper part of which is called by the Germans Alben the lower by the Italians Risano It springeth out of the Alpes from Mount Ocra in Carniola towards the Lake of Lugea or Czirknitzerzee and flowing Westward through Istria falls by the Bay of Trieste into the Adriatick Sea six Miles from Trieste and two North of Capo di Istria Risano Rhizana a City of Dalmatia mentioned by Ptolemy Pliny and Polybius which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza under the Dominion of the Turks and accordingly much depopulated and ruined It stands forty Miles from Raguza towards Scodra from which thirty Long. 45. 15. Lat. 42. 00. Risborough a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Aylesbury Risenbergh a Mountain in the Eastern parts of Bohemia out of which the Elbe springeth Rivadava or Rivadeo a City of Gallicia in Spain called by the French Rivedieu it stands upon the Bay of Biscay in the Borders of Asturia at the bottom of an Hill and the Mouth of the River Navius which affords it the convenience of a Port fourteen Spanish Leagues from Oviedo to the West and four from Mondonedo Rivera di Genoua Liguria Littorea is a Country in Italy bounded on the West by the Maritime Alpes by which it is divided from France on the East by the River Magra by which it is divided from Hetruria or Tuscany on the North by the Apennine and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea here called the Ligurian Sea In the middle of it stands the City of Genoua which divides it into the Eastern and Western This is now under the States of Genoua by whom a great part of the Western Division is destinated more to pleasure than profit the rich Genoueses having filled it with Country-Houses where they spend the pleasant time of the Summer and Autumn in noble Palaces and delightful Gardens The Eastern Division supplies them with as much Wine as they need and an extraordinary plenty of good Oil. The principal Place in the Western is Aranza once an inconsiderable Village lately a Place of great Trade and Wealth having sixty Sail of Ships trading into all parts of the World but their Shipping is now declining The principal Place in the Eastern is Sarazana a Town of great strength Rivoli Rivolium a small Town in Piedmont called by the French Rivoles It stands upon the River Doria eight Miles from Turin to the West and has one of the most sumptuous Castles in Piedmont Roan Rotomagus the Capital City of Normandy called by the French Rouen by Caesar and the other ancient Historians Vrbs Velocassium It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of Normandy Great rich populous well built in all respects one of the best Cities in France and thought by some to be the greatest next to Paris It stands upon the Seyne which affords it a noble Harbor and a great Trade at the foot of an Hill twelve Miles above Dieppe and twenty eight beneath Paris with a Bridge upon the Seyne for the convenience of a Land Trade It has an old Castle called the Palace in which the Dukes of Normandy kept their Court and is about seven Miles in compass having besides what lies within the Walls six very great Suburbs and containing in the whole thirty five Parishes with thirty four Monasteries for Men and Women The Castle on S. Catharines Hill is now intirely ruined This City is said by Vitalis lib. 5. to be built by Julius Caesar Valesius proves it one of the most ancient Cities of France and that in the times of Theodosius the Great it was esteemed as a City of the highest rank Taken by the Normans in 889 and assigned to Rollo first Duke of Normandy in 912 when Rollo became a Christian It continued under his Posterity fourteen Descents In 1019. it suffered very much by fire Taken from John King of England by Philip the August King of France in 1204 after it had been in the Hands of the Normans three hundred and sixteen years This City continued under the French till 1418 When the English under Henry V. retook it after a bloody Siege Charles VII of France recovered it to that Crown in 1449. In the times of the late Civil Wars of France it was taken and sacked by the Hugonots in 1562 but recovered after the Battel of Dreux and plundered by the Royal Party Anthony of
covered with glazed Slate The Soil is light and sandy apt to produce all sorts of Fruits as Sugar Tabacco Cotton Ginger Indico and the like it wants not Springs and some hot Waters sit for natural Baths This Island was discovered by Christopher Columbus the finder out of the New World and either called by this Name to preserve the Memory of his own or because the Island at a distance seems to represent the usual Picture of S. Christopher upon a Giants Shoulders The English have so increased that they have sent Colonies from thence to Barbuda Monserrat Antego and Barbadoes The French have built a Town of good bigness called le Basse-Terre by the English Back-starr and a College of Jesuits The Houses of Back starr are of Brick Free-Stone and Timber well inhabited by Tradesmen and Merchants But in a great measure destroyed by an Earthquake April 1690. the Earth opening in many places nine foot The English have taken all this Island to themselves in this War June and July 1690 under the Command of Capt. Codrington Capt. Wright and Sir Tim. Thornhill S. Claude Fanum Sti. Claudii a Town in the Franche Cempte in Burgundy fortified in the Borders of la Bresse formerly called S. Oyen de Joux it has a very celebrated Monastery five Leagues from Geneva to the West three from the Rhosne from this Town the Mountain de Joux is sometime called S. Claude S. Clou Fanum Sancti Clodoaldi a remarkable Town in the Isle of France on the Seyne over which it has a Stone Bridge and a magnificent Palace belonging to the Dukes of Orleans It stands upon an Hill two Leagues below Paris to the West Hen. III. King of France died in this Town in 1589. of the Wounds he received from a Fryar It has lately been honored with the Title of a Dukedom which is annexed to the Bishoprick of Paris S. Croce Stauropolis an Inland City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which is an Archbishops See who has a very large Jurisdiction there being under him twenty seven Suffragan Bishops Sancta Crux a Town upon the North Coast of the Island of Cuba in America Sancta Cruz a small but strong City in the Kingdom of Susa upon the Atlantick Ocean built by the Portuguese in 1536. but since taken by the King of Susa under whom it is It is also called Cap d' Aguer Sancta Cruz de la Sierra a small City in the Kingdom of Peru a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata from which it stands one hundred Spanish Leagues to the East S. Davids Menevia a City and Bishoprick in the extreme corner of Pembrokeshire in Wales upon the Irish Sea and the Promontorium Octapitarum of the ancients the same that is now called S. Davids Head Often heretofore spoiled and ruined by the Danes Norwegians and other Pyrates The Cathedral now standing was the work of Peter the 49th Bishop of S. Davids in 1176. who dedicated it by the joynt names of S. Andrew and S. David this latter person being the Founder of the See For he in the time of the Saxons fury under King Arthur being Archbishop of Caerleon upon Vsk translated the Archiepiscopal See of Caerleon to Menew the ancient name of this City whence the Bishops style themselves Episcopi Menevenses so that Menew became an Archbishoprick and had seven Suffragans under it at S. Augustines coming into England it afterward continued so for twenty six Successions till Sampson an Archbishop of it in the time of a plague transferred the Pall and Dignity to Dole in Brittany Whereby his Successors at S. Davids lost their Name of Archbishops Yet Bernard B. of S. Davids in 1115. was the first that submitted himself to the See of Canterbury This Diocese contains the whole Counties of Pembroke Cardigan Caermarthen Radnor Brecknock with some small parts of Monmouth Hereford Montgomery and Glamorganshires S. Dizier a strong Town in Champagne in France upon the River Marne in the Borders of the Dukedom de la Barr six Leagues from Bar le Duc to the North-East and forty two from Paris to the East The Capital of the Territory of Valage betwixt Joinville and Chalon Besieged and taken by Charles V. in 1544 and after restored to France by the Peace of Crespy S. Domingo de la Calcada a small Town in Old Castile in Spain near Najara S. Donato Forum Appium a Town in the Campagnia di Roma in Italy S. Eustacia one of the Leeward Islands in the West-Indies otherwise called the Carribys It was planted by the French but taken from them by the English under Sir Tim. Thornhill and Capt. Wright July 1690. A very small Island with one only Fort is capable of about eighty Men. Near to S. Christophers S. Fe Fanum Sanctae Fidei a Town in Granada upon the River Xenil built by K. Ferdinando in 1491. in a Plain two Leagues from Granada to the West S. Fé a City i◠South America in Paragua in the Province of la Plata two hundred and forty Miles from the City de Buenos Ayres to the North. S. Fe de Bogota a City of South America in the Kingdom of New Granada the Capital of which it is and an Archbishops See It stands upon the River Pati by the Lake Guaravita at the foot of a Mountain called Bogota from which it has its Name a vast distance from the Sea every way S. Fiorenza Fanum Sancti Florentii a Town on the North Coast of the Island of Corsica under the Genouese with a Port and considerable Fortifications Understood by some to be the Canelata of Ptolemy S. Flour Floriopolis Fanum Sancti Flori a City in the Vpper Auvergne built on an high Hill commonly called la Planese and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges ever since 1317. being then Founded by P. John XXII upon the River Ladir Twenty Leagues from Clermont to the South and eight from le Puy to the West Some take it to be the Indiacum of the ancients S. For a Town in Aquitain upon the River Dordogne in the Province of Agenois in the Borders of Perigort four Leagues from Bergerac to the West S. Foy a Town in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the Dordogne betwixt Bergerao and Libourne Taken by the Protestants in 1563. S. Gall Fanum Sancti Galli a Town in Switzerland which has a famous and rich Benedictine Abbey of greater Antiquity and much greater extent and jurisdiction than the Town being able to levy above six thousand Men of its own Subjects The Abbot is a Prince of the Empire since the year 1226. It stands in the Territory of Torgow betwixt the Cantons of Zurich and Appenzel and the Diocese of Constance and is one of the principal Cantons one Mile from the Lake of Constance and four from Lindaw to the West Heretofore an Imperial and Free City but now exempt The Abbey owes its Beginning either to an Irish or Scotch Devote of the name who preach'd
in the 7th Century the Gospel in divers Places in Switzerland especially in the Territory of Torgaw where having refused an Offer of the Bishoprick of Constance made to him he retired at length to his Solitudes in this place which became the Seat of an Abbey from him enriched since vastly by the Donations of the Kings of France and the Emperors The City stands upon an Eminence not great but well built and much traded for its fine Linnen Works called Galles or Gawse from it Betwixt the Abbey and the City there is a common Gate fastned by the Burgesses on the one side and the Abbot on the other The City antiently did depend in many things upon the Abbey as having received its total rise from it but at present they each enjoy their separate Sovereignties S. Galmier a small Town in the County of Foretz in the Government of Lionnois remarked for a Fountain of Allum-Water there S. Georgio de Mina Arx Sancti Georgii a Castle upon the Coste d'Or in Guinee in Africa betwixt the Cape of three Points and Cape Corso which has a Town built by the Portuguese in 1481 and a large and safe Port or Haven within a few years past taken by the Dutch S. Germain on Laye Fanum Sancti Germani in Laya a Town and Royal Castle in the Isle of France seated upon an high Hill by the Seine having two magnificent Palaces one new of the foundation of Henry le Grand the other ancient built by Charles V continued under the English in the time of their French Conquests and repaired by Francis I. King of France whither the Kings of France frequently retire The Court of K. James II. of England and Qu. Mary his Consort is kept here It is four Leagues from Paris to the West Henry II. King of France was born here in 1518. Charles IX in 1550. Lewis XIV now King of France in 1638 who has added divers great Ornaments to i◠And it is no less famous for a Peaco made here in 1679 between the Kings of France and Sweden and the Elector of Brandenburgh S. Germain Lembrum a small City in Auvergne near the River Allier in the Tract de Lembrun two Leagues from Issoire eight from Clermont to the South and the same from S. Flour to the North-East S. Germains a Corporation in the County of Cornwal in East Hundred represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons S. Gewer S. Gower Fanum Sancti Goari a Town upon the Rhine in the County of Catzenellobogen in the Borders of the Bishoprick of Trier four Miles above Coblentz to the South which belongs to the Landgrave of Hassia Rhinefeld S. Gilles a Town in the Lower Languedoc in France one League from the Rhosne betwixt Beaucaire and Arles upon a Rivulet In Latin Fanum Sancti Aegidii and Palatium Gothorum in some Authors It has been taken for the Anatolia of Pliny and likewise for the Heraclea of the same Pliny and Antoninus The Huguenots gave the Roman Catholicks a Defeat near it in 1562. S. Gothard Adula the highest part of the Alpes between the Switzers and the Dukedom of Milan The French call it S. Godard § Also an Abbey of the Lower Hungary upon the River Raab and the Frontiers of Stiria two Miles from Kerment betwixt which and Kerment the Turks receiv'd a bloody Defeat in 1664. S. Hubert a City and Bishoprick in the Dukedom of Luxembourgh S. Jago a City of Africa in an Island of the same Name well fortified and made a Bishops See by the Portuguese under whom it is taken and plundered by Sir Francis Drake in 1585. This is one of the Islands of Cape Verde About forty five Leagues long ten broad and ninety five or a hundred in Circumference It produces great quantities of Salt S. Jago a City on the South Shoar of the Isle of Cuba which has a safe Port and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Domingo S. Jago de Compostella See Compostella S. Jago de Chili Fanum Sancti Jacobi a City in South America at the foot of the Mountain Andes built by the Spaniards by the River Maipus fifteen Leagues from the South Sea Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata It is the Capital of the Kingdom of Chili S. Jago del Estero the capital City of Tucumania a Country in South America seated upon the River Estero a hundred and seventy Leagues from Potosi which is a Bishop's See under the Dominion of the Spaniards S. Jago de Guatimala a City of New Spain in North America which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico S. Jean de Angely or D'Angery Angeracum Ageriacum Engeriacum fanum S. Johannis Angeriaci a celebrated Town in Saintonge in France upon the River Boutonne two Leagues from the Borders of Poictou and seven from Saintes to the North. Heretofore very strongly fortified and in 1562. desended against the Huguenots who taking it in a second Attempt encreased its strength by adding more regular Fortifications to it In 156◠it surrendred to Charles IX by a Siege of two Months with his loss of ten thousand Men before it but falling into the hands of the Huguenots again in 1620. Lewis XIII dismantled it in 1621 after he had by sorce of Arms and a Siege taken it from them S. Jean de l'Aune or Losne Fanum S. Johannis Laudonensis Laudona a Town in Burgundy in France upon the Saosne betwixt Auxone and Bellegarde Famous for repulsing an Army of the Imperialists in 1636. S. Jean de Leon a Town in Burgundy upon the Soane S. Jean de Luz Fanum Sancti Johannis Luisii or Luisium a Town of Aquitain in France in the Pais des Basques and the Territory of Labour with a Port upon the Ocean at the Fall of the River Vrdacuri into it two Miles from the Borders of Spain Lewis XIV now King of France was Married in this Town in 1660. S. Jean de Maurienne Fanum Sancti Johannis Mauriensis a very considerable but unwalled open City in Savoy upon the River Arco in the Valley de Maurienne which is a County three Leagues from the Borders of the Dauphiné to the South and ten from Grenoble to the East This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne And the Cathedral shews the Tombs of divers of the Dukes of Savoy S. Jean Pie de Port Fanum S Johannis Pede-Portuensis a very strong Town in the Lower Navarr in the Mountains upon the River Nive which falls into the Adoure eight Leagues from Baionne to the South This Town is yet in the Hands of the K. of France as King of Navarr S. Johns Point Isamnium one of the most Eastern Points of Ireland in the Province of Vlster in the County of Downe S. Johnston Fanum Sancti Johannis ad Tavum the same with Perth S. Juan de Puerto Rico Fanum Sancti Johannis de Portu divite a City of North America in an Island of the same Name in the North
the Frozen Sea lying on both sides of the River Obb which is subject to the Czars but in such manner that the People are almost free This is a part of the Ancient Scythia or Sarmatia and had this Name given them by the Russ which signifies Self-Eaters it being their Custom to eat Mans Flesh even that of their nearest Relations mixed with Venison to this day They have no Cities yet they are no wandring Nation their Cabbins or Huts are built one half above and the other beneath the Earth with an hole at the top which serves both for a Door and a Chimney the Snow rising sometimes the depth of a Pike above the Earth they have also Passages under the ground to go from Caban to Caban at such times for six Months of the year they have a perpetual Night and the rest perpetual Day They have neither Wooll nor Corn their Food is Fish dried in the Wind and Sun Honey and Venison their Cloaths are the Skins of Beasts dressed with the Plair on and sewed with the Nerves of Beasts instead of Thread which by mixing various Colours they will so diversifie as to represent Forest Works and Flowers as they please They are low oâ— Stature have large flat Faces small Eys short Legs and wear their Hair very long Till of late they were Pagan Idolaters When the Dutch in 1595. discovered these Coasts there were great numbers of Idols upon the Shoar of which they would not suffer the Hollanders to carry any one away they have been since converted to Christianity and baptized by one Uâ—adimer a Bishop who was sent to them by the Russ Olâ—arius Samosata the Capital City of the ancient Comagena in Syria which since the times of Christianity hath been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Edessa A noted place for giving Birth to Lucian and Paulus Samosatâ—nus the condemned Patriarch of Antioch Now called Schemsâ—â— San Sanus a River of Poland which arising from the Carpathian Mountains in the Borders of Hungary and running through Red Russia by Przemislaw and Jaroslaw two Cities of that Province and being by this time augmented by some other Rivers entreth the Lesser Poland and at Sendomir falls into the Vistula Sana Sanaa the Capital City of the Happy Arabia equal to Damascus and being seated upon a Mountain said to enjoy a very temperate Air. It stands fifty Miles from the Red Sea Hoffman supposeth it to be the same with Pliny's Saphar Sanbich or Sanabach a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Northwich upon the River Welock Sancerre Sacrum Cereris Sacro-Caesarinum a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France upon the Loyre It stands on an advanced ground fortified heretofore with a Castle and other Works till it was taken from the Huguenots in 1573. by Famine and demolished Sandeez Sandecium a City of the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Cracovia upon the River Dunaick towards the Mountains ten Polish Miles from Cracow to the South It stands at the foot of the Carpathian Hills well fortified and the Capital of the Territory in which it stands Sandham a Town in the South-East parts of the Isle of Wight upon a Bay of its own name fortified with a Castle Sando Sandum a City in Japan on the North side of the Island of Niphonia Sandwich Rutupiae is now a small Corporation on the Eastern Coast of Kent above eight Miles from Dover to the North and the same distance from Canterbury to the East This Town sprung up out of the Ruâ—s of Rutupiae an old Roman City which falling into decay under the Saxons was intirely ruined by the Danes Sandwich the Daughter also felt the fury of the Danes but she got up again and in the Norman tâ—â—es was one of the Cinque Ports Lewis Dauphine of France burnt it in 1217. Edward III. recovered it from Christ-Church in Canterbury to which it had been given by Canutus the Dane when he was crowned King of England by exchange and reunited it to the Crown of England In the Reign of Henry VI. it was burnt by the French But its greatest Calamity was the sinking of a great Ship belonging to Pope Paul IV. in the very entry of the Haven which proved an incurable Mischief The Dutch in some degree contributed to the Consolation of these Misfortunes by settling a Trade of Bay-making in it Charles II. honoured it by creating Edward Baron Montague of S. Neots Viscount Hinchinbrook and Earl of Sandwich July 12. 1660. who was slain in a Sea-Fight May 28. 1672. and succeeded by Edward his eldest Son Sangari Sangarius Angarius a River of the Lesser Asia which arising out of the Mountain Dindymus and flowing through the Greater Phrygia falls into the Euxine Sea in Bithynia Now called also Zagari Sacari and Acada its out-let is thirty seven Italian Miles West of Nicomedia and sixty two East of Heraclea as Strabo saith Sanglayes the Chinese of the Philippine Islands Sangro Sarus Sagrus a River and a Castle in Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples Sanguesa Oppidum Suessitanorum Sangossa a small City in the Kingdom of Navarr upon the River Aragon thirteen Spanish Leagues from Calahorra a City of Old Castile to the East and eight from Pampelune to the North-East It was a Roman Town Sanguinara Alesus a small River in S. Peter's Patrimony in the States of the Church in Italy which arising near the Lake di Bracciano and running South falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea twenty Miles from Rome toward Civita Vecchia Santen Santae Castra Vetera Trajana Colonia Xanthus Santena a small Town of great Antiquity in the Dukedom of Cleve not far from the Rhine two German Miles from the Wesel to the West Nimeguen to the East and Gelders to the North. This was the Birth-place of S. Norbert the Founder of the Order of the Praemonstratenslan Monks Santerini an Island of the Archipelago towards Europe sixty Miles from Candia and about thirty in Circumference Called by the Ancients Thera Philatera and Calistus By Italians Santa Irene whence come Sainterini and Santerini It hath the name besides of Gozi Inhabited by Latin and Greek Christians each under their respective Bishop but the former are far the most numerous It affords no Springs nor Rivers nor Corn and not much Wine being a dry parched Soil troubled with Subterraneous Mines of Sulphur which sometimes break out into Flames and cast up Stones into the Air with wonderful violence Barley Hirse Melons and Cucumbers are its ordinary product and Linnen its Manufacture for Water it depends upon the Rain The principal Castles in it are S. Nicholas Scaro Pirgo and Crotiri Santerno Vatrenus a River in Tuscany in Italy which springing out of the Apennine and flowing Northwards by Imola falls into the Po beneath Argenta twenty Miles above Ravenna to the West Santerre Sanguitersa a Tract in Picardy in France between Vermandois to the East and Amiens to the West in which are the Towns of Peronne Roye Neste and Mont
Charles Emanuel his Father in the year 1675 being then a Child of nine years of Age the thirtieth in this Line and of the Roman Catholick Religion his usual Residence is at Turin in Piedmont where he declared War against France Jun. 4. 1690 in Conjunction with the Confederate Princes But has since lost a considerable part of his Dominions Sauve or Saulve Salvia a Town and Viguerye or Provostship in Languedoc in the Diocese of Nismes upon the River Vidourle adorned with an Abbey of the Benedictines since the year 1020. Saw the Save Sax-mundesham a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Plumesgate upon a small River not far from the Sea Saxony Saxonia by the Germans called Sachsen in the several Ages that are past since the Roman Empire has had very different Bounds but the Brevity of this Work will admit only of its present State To take it in its largest Acceptation it contains two of the Circles of the German Empire called the Vpper and the Lower Circles of Saxony the Lower Saxony contains the Dukedoms of Brunswick Luneburg Magdeburg Breme Mecklenburg Holsatia and Lauenburg the Principalities of Ferden and Halberstad and the Bishoprick of Hildesheim which Countries lie between Westphalia to the West the Vpper Saxony to the East and South and Jutland and the Baltick Sea to the North all described in their proper Places The Vpper Circle of Saxony contains the Marquisate of Brandenburg Pomerania Thuringia Misnia the Dukedom of Saxony properly so called the Principality of Anhault Bounded on the East by Lusatia and Poland on the North by the Baltick Sea on the West by the Lower Saxony and on the South by Franconia and Bohemia The Electorate of Saxony is a Province of Germany in the Vpper Circle of Saxony bounded on the East by Lusatia on the North by the Marquisate of Brandenburg and the Principality of Anhault on the West by the Dukedoms of Brunswick and Hassia and on the South by Franconia and Bohemia The principal Town of it is Witteburg This Electoral Prince has the sixth Place amongst the Electors and his Residence at Dresden In the year 1652. John George I. Elector of Saxony divided this Duchy between his four Sons The Ancient Inhabitants were the Lombards As these and the Franks went South upon their Conquests made in the Roman Empire so the Saxons followed them and took Possession of their Ancient Seats as far as the Rhine They were with great difficulty Conquered by Charles the Great about the year 785. after thirty years of War with them Wittikindus their last King being made by Charles the Great the first Duke of Saxony upon his embracing the Christian Faith From him are descended all the Kings of France since Hugh Capet the Kings of Denmark of the House of Oldenburg the Dukes of Burgundy and Savoy the Marquesses of Montisferat and many other Noble and Illustrious Families of lesser Note so that this Person seems to have inherited Abraham's Blessing as to this This Dukedom is still in the same Family tho there was an Interruption of two hundred years beginning in the year 1180. and ending in the year 1423. To this Illustrious House Germany in a great degree owes the Reformation which begun by Luther here but for John Frederick the thirtieth Duke had been stifled in its Rise John George III. the present Elector is the thirty seventh Duke from Wittikindus and the twelfth since the Restitution of the Line The Richest as well as the most Ancient of the Princes in the Electoral College next the Emperor He also is by Birth-Right Great-Marshal or Gentleman of the Horse in the Empire and by Religion of the Augustane Confession The principal Branches of the House of Saxony are those of Saxe-Hall Saxe-Mersbourg Saxe-Naumburg Saxe-Weymar Saxe-Eysenach and Saxe-Gotha The Saxon-Heptarchy The ancient Brittains under Vortiger in their Wars with the Picts and Scots calling unto their assistance after the Roman Forces were totally withdrawn the Saxons and Angles out of Germany about the year 428 or as others 449 These Saxons under Hengist their General not only completed the Work they came for by chasing away the Northern Invaders but made themselves in time Masters of the Country of the Britains too suppressing the names of the Provinces and People that had been before assigned by the Romans and dividing their own Conquests into the seven Kingdoms of Kent the South Saxons West Saxons East Saxons East Angles Mercia and Northumberland The first of which Kent was set up by Hengist in 455. containing the County of Kent That of the South Saxons contained Sussex and Surrey and began in the Person of Aella who arrived in Britain a little before the death of Hengist in 488. The Kingdom of the West Saxons took in Cornwal Devonshire Somersetshire Dorsetshire Wiltshire Berkshire and Hampshire commencing about the year 519. in the Person of K. Cerdicus The Kingdom of the East Saxons advanced next about the year 527. under K Erchenweme taking in Middlesex Essex and part of Hartfordshire Towards 547 Ida Governour of Northumberland under the King of Kent set up for himself and extended his Kingdom over Yorkshire Lancashire Durham Westmorland Cumberland and Northumberland with the Southern parts of Scotland as far as to Edinburgh About 575. Vffa King of the East-Angles established a Kingdom in Norfolk Suffolk and Cambridgshire And lastly towards 580. began the great and inland Kingdom of Mercia under K. Cridda whose extent is already expressed under the word Mercia This Heptarchy by the successes of Egbert the 18th King of the West Saxons who had followed abroad the Wars of Charles the Great and began his Reign about the year 801. united in one Monarchy under him by the year 819. Whereupon the name of Heptarchy was suppressed and K. Egbert by a special Edict with the concurrence of the states of the whole Realm convened at Winchester in 819 ordained that the Kingdom and Country should be called Anglelond or Englelond whence England by reason himself was descended from the Angles So Egbert was the first King of England Scafato the lower part of the River Sarno in Italy Scagen Scagense Promontorium the most Northern Cape of Jutland in fifty eight degrees of Latitude over against Gottenburg in Sweden ten Danish Miles from Alberg to the North-East and from Gottenburg to the West There is a Village near this Cape called Skune Scala Scalis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principato which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Amalfi but this Bishoprick is united for ever to that of Ravello from which it stands one Mile and two from Amalfi it is very small and has not above one hundred and fifty Houses standing on an Hill at the Foot of Mount Cama and heretofore from that called Cama Scala Marmorea Amycli Daphne a Port of Bithynia in the Lesser Asia upon the Thracian Bosphorus or Streights of Constantinople beyond Chalcedon
Territory of Padoua in Italy Sclavonia the Southern Province of the Lower Hungary called by the Italians Schiavonia by the Germans die Sclavinien by the Poles Slovienska Ziemia The middle Ages under this Name comprehended Illyricum Dalmatia Croatia Bosnia and this which is now called Sclavonia On the North it has the Drave a great River which parts it from the Lower Hungary on the East the Danube on the South the Save which divides it from Croatia Bosnia and Servia and on the West Carniola and Stiria The length of it from the Town of Kopranitz in the West to the fall of the Drave into the Danube in the East is fifty German Miles its breadth from the Drave to the Save twelve This Country was first possessed by the Pannonians after that by the Goths about 386 who were Conquered by the Sclaves about 550. About 1200. these People became Tributaries to the Kings of Hungary About 1544. this Country was first subdued by Solyman the Magnificent In 1687. after the Battel of Mohats the Turkish Army mutining against the Prime Vizier all this Country except Gradisca submitted to the Emperor the Turks deserting it without any blows The German̄s upon their return were very well pleased with the Fertility of it The Chief Towns in it are Gradisca Esseck and Possega which is the Capital City The Inhabitants are great lovers of War and pray for nothing more earnestly than that they may die with their Arms in their Hands Scodra a City of Illyricum attributed by Livy and Ptolemy to Dalmatia and in those times the Seat of the Kings of Illyricum Now the Capital City of Albania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Antivari great and populous it stands upon the River Boiana Barbana twenty four Miles from the Adriatick Sea and eighty from Ragusa to the North East Twice besieged by the Turks under Mahomet II. without success and in 1478. resigned to them for a Peace by the Venetians The Inhabitants call it Scadar the Turks Iscodar and the Italians Scutari The Lake Labeatis out of which the Boiana Springs takes the name now of the Lake of Sclitari Long. 44. 20. Lat. 42. 24. Scone Scona a celebrated Abbey in the County of Perth upon the Tay three Miles from S. Johnston to the North West in which the Kings of Scotland for many Ages were Crowned Scopia Scapi a City of the Vpper Moesia and the Capital of Dardania in the Borders of Macedonia in the times of Ptolemy now called Scopia by the Italians and Vschub by the Turks It is a great populous City in Servia an Archbishop's See and the Seat of the Sangiack of Servia feated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Vardar over which it has a Stone Bridge of twelve Arches one hundred Miles from Thessalonica to the North-West ten from Sophia to the West and about the same distance from Giustandil to the South The River upon which it stands falls into the Bay of Thessalonica Scotland Scotia is the second Kingdom in Great Britain called by the French l' Escosse by the Italians Scotia by the Germans Schottlandt On the East it is bounded by the German Ocean on the North by the Deucalidonian Sea and the Isles of Orkney on the West by the Vergivian Ocean and the Irish Sea on the South by the River Tweed the Cheviot Hills and the adjacent Tract to Solway Sands whereby it is separated from England Solway Fyrth lies in deg 56. of Latitude and the most Northern point lies in 60 30. by which it should be three hundred and fifteen English Miles in length Polydore Virgil reckons four hundred and eighty its breadth is no where above sixty and its form Triangular with many great Inlets and Arms of the Ocean which indent both the Eastern and Western sides of it The Soil especially towards the North is generally barren affords little Timber and no Fruit Trees The Southern parts are more fruitful the Air in both sharp and cold It is divided into two parts the Southern and the Northern by Dunbritain and Edenburgh Fyrth The South part called the Low-Lands is fuller of Cities and great Towns the People are more rich and better civilized as not only Inhabiting a better Country but driving a Trade at Sea The Northern or High-Lands are more barren and poor the Inhabitants accordingly patient of want and hunger and very temperate in their Diet without which Virtues they could not subsist South Scotland is divided into twenty one North Scotland into thirteen Counties For the Ecclesiastical Government they have two Archbishops S. Andrews who has eight and Glascow who has three Suffragan Bishops under him In the times of the Romans this Country was called Caledonia and Albania the People Picts from their custom of Painting their Bodies The Romans never extended their Conquests beyond the South of Scotland because they thought the Northern and barrener parts not worth their pains The remaining Inhabitants after the withdrawing of the Roman Garrisons from the Northern parts of Britain became very troublesome to the Britains and forced them to call in the Saxons about 449 who Conquered the South parts of Scotland and possess it to this day The Scots or Irish about the same time entered the Western parts of Scotland and by degrees united first with the Picts or Highlanders by their assistance Conquered the Saxons and gained the Sovereignty of that whole Kingdom But there being no Letters here the Story of these times is very dark which has occasioned great Controversies concerning the time of the Scots coming out of Ireland About 839 the Picts were intirely subdued by Kenneth II. first sole King of all Scotland This Line continued under twenty three Princes to 1285. When Alexander III. dying without Issue there began a tedious and bloody contest about the Succession which was referred to Edward I. of England who adjudged the Crown to John Baliol an Englishman He Rebelling against his Benefactor was defeated by that Prince who following his blow made himself Master of Scotland and kept it to his death In 1307. Robert Bruce the other Competitor overthrew the English established himself King of Scotland and Reigned till 1332 when the Kingdom divided again between Edward Baltol and David Bruce which latter prevailed at first against his Competitor but fell under the power of the English where he was many years a Prisoner In 1371. Rob. II. Surnamed Steward descended from the eldest Daughter of David Bruce succeeded In 1602. James VI. the ninth in this Line succeeded after Queen Elizabeth to the Crown of England as Descended both by Father and Mother from Margaret the eldest Daughter of Henry VII King of England the whole Line of Henry VIII being extinguished The Christian Religion was Planted here by different Persons and at several times The Saxon Scots were Converted by Aidan the first Bishop of Lindisferne about 635. The South-Eastern by Nimas Bishop of Candida Casa or White Herne about 555. The Highlanders or
Tribe of Ephraim The same which S. John calls Sychar John 4. 5. standing near the Well where our Saviour discoursed the Samaritan Woman It is mentioned in Abraham's time for the place of his abode Gen. 12 6. Afterwards for the Sepulchre of Joseph and the Inheritance of his children Josh 24. 32. For the Election of Rehoboam King of Israel here by all Israel 2 Chron. 10. 1. and upon other Occasions Now called Naplouse Neapolas and New Samaria The High Priest of the present Samaritans resides at it Sicily Sicilia Sicelia Trinacria Sicania Triquetra a very great Island in the Mediterranean Sea at the South West point of Italy Thought by some Ancients to join originally with Italy as part of the continent and to have been separated from it by the stormy Powers of the Ocean It lies in the form of a vast Triangle from whence some of its names are derived having three great Capes Pelorum now Faro to the North-East towards Italy Pachynus now Passaro towards the Morea and the South-East and Lilybaeum now Cape Coco to the West Threehundred and eighty Miles from the Morea one hundred from Africa one hundred and seventy from Sardinia and from Italy a Mile and a half It s North side is two hundred fifty five Miles its Southern one hundred and ninety and the Western one hundred fifty five as Cluverius saith who measured the whole Island It is now divided into three Counties Val di Domoni to the North Val di Noto to the South and Val di Mazara to the West The ancient Cities of greatest power were Syracusa now Syragosa Panormus Palermo Messina and Messana of which the two last retain their former Dignity The other Cities are Gergenti Calatagirone Catania Cefalu Trapano Mazara Monreal Noto Patti Sacca and Terra Nova It is wonderfully fruitful as to Corn and Wine therefore called by Cato The Granary of the Common-VVealth and Nurse of the People of Rome Abounds also with Cattle Sheep Honey Wine and Oyl In ancient times it had seventy three Free Cities in the time of the second Punick War it had sixty six We have only Fabulous accounts who were the first Inhabitants but certainly the Phoenicians have been here and were expelled by the Greeks who not well agreeing amongst themselves drew over the Carthaginians to their common ruine The Romans followed not long after and in the year of Rome 494 two hundred and fifty six years before the birth of our Saviour made themselves Masters of it it being the first Province they possessed out of the Bounds of Italy In the mean time Dionysius Agathocles Hiero and Pericles advanced themselves to an Absolute Tyranny here by the use they made of their Victories It continued under the Romans till the Reign of Justinian then the Vandals under Gensericus in 439. and 440. for some time became Masters of it who were expelled by Bellisarius in 535. Having been miserably spoiled by the Emperor Constans in 669. it fell into the Hands of the Saracens who plundered it as they did several times after and left it Leandro Alberti faith that in the Division of the Empire between Charles the Great and Nicephorus Emperor of the East about 800. Sicily Calabria and Apulia fell to the Emperor of Constantinople and that it continued under them till the times of Nicephorus Thomas However we find the Saracens in 910. after a great Naval Victory became Masters of Calabria Apulia and Sicily Leandro placeth this in 914 and saith the Greeks had part of Sicily still In 1035. the Saracens were still possessed of part of Sicily but as Leander saith they and the Greeks too were expelled by the Normans in the times of Michael Caliphates who reigned but one year about 1041. and 1042 by Gulielmus Ferebatus and not by Tancred as say others To this William succeeded as Counts of Calabria Roger I. by the Pope created King of Sicily he having taken the Pope Prisoner in the year 1139 William II. William III. and Tancred a Bastard opposed by Pope Celestine III who preferred Costanza a Daughter of Roger II. an ancient Lady a Nun and married her to Henry Son of Frederick Barbarossa and made him King of Sicily to whom succeeded Frederick II. his Son Then followed Manfredus his Natural Son but the Pope set up Charles Duke of Anjou against him in 1263. In 1281. upon Easter-day in time of Vespers whence the name came of the Sicilian Vespers the French were all massacred by the Sicilians by the Order of Peter III. King of Arragon who had married the Daughter of Manfred During this Interval this Crown had been offered to Richard Earl of Cornwal Brother to Henry III. King of England and he refused it From thenceforward it became inseparably united to the Kingdom of Naples and has ever since had the same fate to this day being governed by a Vice-Roy who resides at Palermo the present capital City of it Hoffman saith the Saracens were possessed of Palermo had their Admiral or General there from 827. to 1070 when they were finally expelled by the Normans to whom Pope Nicolas granted this Island on that condition in 1058. So that the Normans might perhaps expell the Greeks in 1042. and the Saracens in 1070. The Inhabitants forced the Spaniards in the year 1647. to recall all their Taxes This Island enjoyeth three Archbishops Sees Palermo Messina and Monreale about six or seven Bishops Sees and one University Catania Aetna is a known Mountain here Sicyon an ancient ruined City of the Peloponnesus of sufficient note in its time The Turks have built Vasilica upon the Ruins of it Sida Side a Maritime City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia upon the Mediterranean and the Borders of Isauria Honoured formerly with an Archbishops See In 385. a Council was celebrated at it under Amphilochius Bishop of Iconium Now in a condition of ruine and called diversly Scandalor Candelohora and Chirisonda Sidon See Seyde Sidmouth a Market and Sea-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Budley of good account before its Port was choaked up with Sand. Siena Sena Saena Senae a City of Hetruria in Italy of great antiquity and a Roman Colony Seated in the Borders of the Dukedom of Florence thirty two Miles from that City to the South and an hundred and seven from Rome to the North. This City as Polybius saith in his second Book was built by the Gauls in the year of Rome 396. A. M. 3730. after the taking of Rome by Brennus and from the Senones one of their tribes took this Name In the fall of the Roman Empire it suffered very much from the Barbarous Nations and is said to have been rebuilt by Charles Martel The Inhabitants purchased their freedom of Rodolphus the Emperor and managed the same with various successes till 1555 when it was taken by the Spaniard and sold to the Duke of Florence in 1558. under whom it still is In 1459. it was made an Archbishop's See under Pope
others over which are reckoned in all twenty four Stone-bridges Here is plenty of Lime Marble Timber Stone for building and game with some Alabaster and Salt-springs The Air is good and very healthful cold especially towards the North in which part the Earth also is barren The middle is more level but full of Woods The South is fruitful producing Corn and Grass in abundance Coals and Mines of Iron And so great formerly was the number of Parks and Warrens in this County that most Gentlemens Seats were attended by both This County takes its name from Stafford the principal Town in it anciently called Betheny Built by Edward the Elder Incorporated by King John on the East and South walled Trenched by its own Barons the other two sides being secured by a Lake of Water the River Sowe runs on the East and West of the Town and is covered with a Bridge It hath two Parish Churches a Free-school and many good Buildings Edward VI. confirmed and enlarged their Charter It s Long is 18. 40. Lat. 53. 20. In the year 1357 one Ralph was created the first Earl of Stafford whose Posterity in twelve Descents enjoyed that Honor to the year 1639 when it was finally extinguished in the Person of Henry Stafford In 1640 Charles I. revived this Honour by conferring it upon Sir William Howard Knight of the Bath second Son of Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey who was then married to one of the Daughters of the last Earl of Stafford He was Beheaded Dec. 7. 1680. in the Reign of K. Charles II. But the Title revived under K. James II. in Henry his Son the present Earl of Stafford See the Natural History of this County written by Dr. Robert Ploâ—t with the same extraordinary Art and Elaborateness which is peculiar to him Stagira an ancient Town famous for being the Native place of the Philosopher Aristotle thence entituled Stagirita in the Kingdom of Macedonia called afterwards Liba Nova by some and yet said to be extant Stagno Stagnum a small City in Dalmatia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza from which it stands thirty Miles to the North upon the Adriatick which affords it the Convenience of an Harbour This Town belongs to the Republick of Ragusa Stainmore-Hill an exceeding Stony Hill as the Northern use of the word Stain signifies in the County of Westmorland Remarkable for a Stone-Cross said anciently to have been erected for a Boundary betwixt the Kingdoms of England and Scotland upon a Peace concluded betwixt William the Conqueror and Malcholm King of Scotland The Arms of England were displayed upon the South-side of it and those of Scotland on the North. Stalemura Anemurium a City in Cilicia upon the Mediterranean Sea called by others Anemâ—ra a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia between Antioch to the West and Celendris now Palapoly to the East about forty four Miles from Cape Cormachiti in the North of the Isle of Cyprus to the North. Mela placeth it in the Borders of Pamphylia and Cilicia Long. 65. 10. Lat. 36. 50. Stalimene Lemnos a considerable Island in the Archipelago called by the Inhabitants Stilemnos It is one hundred and sixty Miles in compass At first under the Venetians but since conquered by Mahomet II. Fifty Miles from Agionoros or the Coast of Macedonia to the East It hath a considerable City of its own name produces good Wine and is well Cultivated Famous for a Red Earth called from it Terra Lemnia and Sigillata by which the Ottoman Port reaps a considerable revenue Stamboli the Turkish Name of Constantinople Stametz Stametia a small City in Gothland a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal but now become a poor Village Stampalia a considerable Island in the Archipelago towards the Sea of Scarpanto called anciently Astypalaea and placed by Strabo in the number of the Sporades It hath a City of its own name now as before when a Temple of great fame throughout Greece adorned it which was consecrated to the honour of Apollo The principal Church is dedicated to S. George and served with the Greek rites under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Bishop of Siphanto who some part of the year resides at it To the City belongs a Castle for its security planted upon a Mountain upon the Frontispiece of which the Arms of Venice France and Thuscany appear displayed This City is the sole settlement in the Island being tho of a fruitful Soil much in want of fresh Water Stanes a large well inhabited and frequented Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing with a Bridge over a River leading into Surrey Stanford Stamford Durobrivae a Town of Lincolnshire in Kesteven division of good Antiquity upon the River VVelland on the Borders of Northampton and Rutland with a part in each but the chiefest in Lincolnshire which is great and well peopled having about seven Parish Churches and several Bridges over the River being expanded on both its sides The Roman High Dike or Way leadeth to the North from this Town The Houses are built of Free-stone the Streets fair and large and begirt with a Wall It hath the honour to be a Corporation represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses And in its Neighbourhood stands a stately Seat and Park of the Earl of Exeter called Burleigh House In the Reign of Edward III. part of the Students of Oxford upon a quarrel between the Southern and Northern Men settled for some time in this Town who erected a College here its Ruins are yet remaining and would not return to Oxford till compelled by a Proclamation whence arose that Statute of the University enjoyning every one by Oath at the taking of Batchelors Degree not to profess Philosophy at Stamford In 1628 Henry Lord Grey of Grooby was created Earl of Stamford and succeeded by Thomas his Grandchild in 1673. Stanhope Stainthorp or Staindrop a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon a rivulet running into the Tees Market-Stanton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Gartree Stargard Vrbs Vetus a City of Holstein Long. 33. 10. Lat. 55. 06. Stargart Stargardia a City of Germany in the Further Pomerania the Capital of which it is upon the River Ihna under the Elector of Brandenburgh five German Miles from Stetin to the East It is a Hanse Town but not well peopled Long. 37. 40. Lat. 53. 23. Staten-Eylandt a small Rocky Island discovered by the Dutch in 1594. to the East of Weigat's Streights near that Coast of Moscovy called by them New Holland Not above one League long and two in Circuit Some pieces of fine clear Chrystal were found about the Rocks The Dutch gave it this Name to signifie an Island of their States Stavelo Stable Stabulum a Monastery in the Diocese of Vtrecht between the Archbishoprick of Triers and the Low-Countries three German Miles from Limburgh to the South There belongs to the
Abbat a Territory which lies between the Bishoprick of Leige and the Dukedom of Limburgh and Luxemburgh Stavern Stavera a small City of Friseland under the United Provinces in Westergow upon the Zuyder Zee four German Miles from Enchusen to the North and six from Vollenhove to the South-West It is a Sea-Port Town included in the Hanse League of old the Seat of the Kings of Friseland Steenberg Stenoberga a City in the Dukedom of Brabant under the Dutch and belonging particularly to the Prince of Orange Steenwick Stenovicum a Town in Over-Yssel in the Vnited Netherlands upon the River Aa in the Borders of West Friseland seventeen Miles from Zwol to the North and seven from the Zuyder Zee to the East Taken by Alexander Farnese Duke of Parma by Scalade and by the French in 1672 but deserted soon after Stegeborg Stegeburgum a small City in the Province of Ostrogothia with a Port or Harbour on the Baltick Sea under the King of Sweden sixteen Miles from Norcoping to the East Stella a Mountain in Galatia in the Lesser Asia near the City of Ancyra called by the Turks Almadag This is very remarkable for the Defeat of two great Princes in their times Mithridates who was here overthrown by Pompey the Great sixty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and Bajazet I. Emperor of the Turks here beaten and taken with his Son Musa by Tamerlane the Great in 1397. Which Victory if it had been followed by a vigorous Attack from all the Christian Princes united might by the Blessing of God have put an end to the Ottoman Family then Stenay Stenaeum Stenacum a strong City in the Dukedom of Lorain sometimes called Stathenay It lies in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Maes seven Leagues from Verdun to the North and six from Sedan to the South Taken by the French in 1654 and kept by them ever since now annexed to Champagne Sterling Sterling a Town and County in Scotland sometimes called Striveling on the North it has Mentith and Fife on the South the Cluyd on the East Lothian and on the West Lenox It takes its Name from Sterling a Town upon Dunbritoun Fryth This Town was so strong that the Victorious English durst not attempt it after their Victory at Dunbar But it was taken afterwards by General Monk in 1654. Stetin Stetinum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Pomerania in Germany called by the Germans Szcecin It stands upon the Oder over which it has a Bridge and is divided by it into two equal parts eight Miles from the Baltick Sea to the South four from the Confines of Brandenburgh and forty four from Dantzick to the South-West This City grew up after the Ruin of Vineta in the Isle of Vsedom ten Miles more to the North-West from a small Village to that greatness it now enjoys by becoming the Seat of the Dukes of Pomerania who lived here many Ages in a Castle of an elegant and noble Structure Otho the Father of Barnimius I. Founder of the Line of Stetin removed hither in 1345. This Family continued the Possession of it till 1630 when Gustavus Adolphus coming before it with an Army obtained an admission partly by force and partly by the terror of his Arms Bogislaus the last of that Line dying soon after The Right of the Succession undoubtedly belonged to the Duke of Brandenburgh but the Swedes being in Possession got their Right confirmed by the Treaty of Munster and kept this City till the year 1677. When the Duke of Brandenburgh coming before it with a powerful Army after a tedious Siege took it In 1679 by the Treaty of S. Germaine it was restored to the Swedes who are still in Possession of this very strong place See Pomerania It had been before attempted by the Imperial and Brandenburgh Forces united in 1659 and baffled the designs of those great Princes Olearius Long. 38. 45. Lat. 53. 27. Stevenedge a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater Steyning or Stening a Market Town and Borough in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape Having the privilege of the Election of two Parliament Men. Steyr Asturis a City of Austria four Miles from Lintz to the South Stift Ditio a word in the German Tongue which signifies a Dominion Country or Territory and frequently joyned with the Names of places as Stift von Luick the Dominion of Liege Stiria a Province of Germany stiled by the Inhabitants die Steyer or Steyer-marck which was a part of the Old Noricum or Vpper Pannonia towards the Muer and the Drave It is bounded on the East by Hungary on the North by Austria on the West by the Diocese of Saltzburgh and Carinthia and on the South by Carniola The Capital of it is Gratz the other Cities Cilley Kermend Marcpurg Petaw Pruckam Muer and Rakelspurg Canisa belongs also to this Province and reckoned to the Lower Hungary The Quadi were the old Inhabitants of this Country who being driven out by the Romans the Country was called Valeria in Honor of a Daughter of Dioclesian so called It was at first a Marquisate and by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperor changed into a Dukedom In length one hundred and ten Miles in breadth sixty for the most part barren being covered with the Spurs and Branches of the Alpes and rich in nothing but Minerals Ottacar the last Duke of this Province sold it to Leopold the Fifth Archduke of Austria who bought it with a part of that vast Ransom he extorted from Richard I. King of England about the year 1193. Tho it has been since granted to some younger Brothers of that Family yet it is now returned to the Emperor and not likely to be any more dismembred from the rest of the Hereditary Countries As to the Fertility of it Hoffman differs from Dr. Heylin who saith in Iron Mines it excels all the European Countries and wants nothing that is useful it abounding with Wine Corn Cattle and Salt Stirone Sisterio a small River of Lombardy in the Dukedom of Parma which watering Burgo di S. Domino falls into the Taro four Miles above its fall into the Po. Stives Thebae a City once of great Renown but now a poor Village in Greece fifty Miles from Athens to the North Sophianus calls it Thiva The Turks abandoned it after the taking of Athens to collect their Strength into one Body at Negropont Whereupon General Morosini in 1687 possessed himself of it But finding it of little use to keep he razed the Fortifications which were in great part ruined before and abandoned it also See Thebae Stocksbridge a Market Town and Borough in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Kingombom upon the River Test Represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Stockholm Holmia is a very great City and the Capital of the Kingdom of Sweden standing in the Province of Vpland in the Borders of Sudermania Heretofore a place of small consideration but having for the two last
Course piece of Cloth with a fine List Besides the Thames here is the VVay the Mole and the Wandle whose head springs from Croydon all emptying themselves in the Thames It has many Noble and Princely Houses but few Towns or Places of any considerable greatness the Principal Town in it being Kingston upon Thames The Regni an old British Tribe were the first Inhabitants of this County In the times of the Saxon Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the South Saxons The first Earl of it was VVill. de VVarren Created by VVilliam the Conqueror in 1067. VVilliam the third of this Line succeeded in 1135. who was followed by VVilliam de Blois Son of King Stephen first Husband of Isabel de VVarren in 1148. and by Hameline Plantagenet base Son of George Earl of Anjou half Brother to Edward III. second Husband of the said Isabel in 1163. His Posterity enjoyed it in four descents till 1347 when the Male Line failing Richard Fitz Alan Lord Treasurer was Earl of Surrey In 1398. Thomas Holland was Earl of Kent and Duke of Surrey afterwards Beheaded Thomas Fitz Alan Son of the former Richard died Earl of Surrey in 1414. In 1451 John Lord Mowbray was Created Earl of VVarren and Surrey and after Duke of Norfolk In 1475. Richard a second Son of Edward IV. was the thirteenth Earl of Surrey In 1483. Thomas L. Howard L. Treasurer after Duke of Norfolk was Created Earl of Surrey in which Family it is at this day Surunga a City and Kingdom in Japan in the Island of Niphon Sus Susa or Susum a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa so called from a River of the same Name It is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Morocco on the East by Darha on the South by Tesseta and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean Divided into seven Provinces the principal Cities in it are Tarudant the Regal City Teseut and Sancta Cruz. This is a pleasant rich fruitful Kingdom yields Wine Grain Fruits Pasturage Indico Alum c. has a great Quantity of Gold which is a perpetual cause of War amongst them and many Castles and Villages well fortified by the Natives since the Portuguese abandoned this Country in the last Century Now subject to the Kingdom of Fez tho it has been a distinct Kingdom and the Inhabitants are for the most part Mahometans and some of the best Soldiers in Africa Susa one of the principal Cities in the Principality of Piedmont upon the Doria at the foot of the Cottian Alps which separate Piedmons from Dauphine and the Capital of a Marquisaâ—e of its own Name belonging to the Duke of Savoy but taken by the French Forces under Monsieur Cattinat November 1690. Nineteen Miles from Pignerol The French call it Suse This City shews an Inscription upon a Triumphal Arch from which Learned Men conclude that the Emperor Augustus erected his Trophy hereabouts for the Conquest of the Alpine Nations in the year of Rome 740 fourteen Years before our Saviour For tho others place that Trophy about the Foot of le Col de Tende or the Maritime Alpes near Nice and Monaco from a part of the words Gentes Alpinae Devictae seen there upon a Fragment of a stone yet these two Opinions are reconcilable by supposing that Augustus set up this Trophy at the foot of both the Maritime and Cottian Alpes for the greater glory § Susa was also the Capital of the ancient Country Susiana in Asia at the entrance of a spacious Plain which the River Choaspes watered The Kings of Persia used to pass the Spring at it Darius repaired it says Pliny Alexander the Great took it It is now in a flourishing state if the same Souster See Souster Susdal Susdalia a City of Muscovy the Capital of a Province of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rostow It stands eighty Miles from Moscow to the South-East and one hundred and thirty from Novogorod Nisi to the North-West Susiana an ancient Country of Asia betwixt Syria Persia and Chaldaea whereof Susa was the Capital City and Melitene one considerable Province It had the honour to be a Kingdom which after the death of Abradatus King of Susiana submitted to the power of Cyrus Sussex Sussexia one of the Southern Counties of England Bounded on the North by Surrey and Kent on the East by Kent on the South by the British Sea and on the West by Hampshire It s Length from East to West is sixty Miles the broadest part from North to South not above twenty and its Circumference about one hundred and fifty wherein are contained one hundred and twelve Parishes with eighteen Market Towns The Air is good but subject to great Fogs and Mists out of the neighbour Sea which recompenceth this Inconvenience with plenty of Fish and Fowl There are few Harbors upon this Coast the Soil is rich and fruitful but the Roads miry and unpleasant the Middle of the Country has excellent Meadows the Sea-coasts are Hilly but afford plenty of Corn and Grass the North-side full of Woods and Groves The principal River is Arun. The chief City in it is Chichester which is a Bishop's See the next to it Lewes The Regni were the ancient Inhabitants of this County who were subdued by Aulus Plautius in the reign of Claudius the Roman Emperor In 478 Ella erected here the Kingdom of the South-Saxons from whence this County has its Name The first Earl of it was William de Albeney Earl of Arundel who married Adelizia the Relict of Henry I in 1178. He was succeeded by VVilliam his Son it continued in this Family for five Descents In 1243 John Plantagenet Earl of Surrey succeeded In 1305 John a Son of the former followed In 1529 Robert Ratcliffe was Created by Henry VIII Earl of Sussex whose Posterity enjoyed this Honor six Descents In 1644 Thomas Lord Savil was Created the fourteenth Earl of Sussex whose Son succeeded and in him that Family ended This Honor in 1674 was conferred upon Thomas Leonard Lord Dacres who married Anne Fitz-Roy eldest Daughter to the Duchess of Cleavland by Charles II. Sutherland Sutherlandia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the North by Caithness and Strathnavern on the West by Assint on the South by Rosâ— and on the East by the German Ocean The principal Town in it is Dornock Sutri Sutrium Colonia Julia Sutrina a City in the States of the Church in S. Peters Patrimony upon the River Pozzolo which is a Bishops See but for ever united to the See of Nepi from whence it stands four Miles to the West and twenty four from Rome to the South-West It is little and incompassed with Rocks on all sides Livy says of it that Camillus when it had revolted against the Romans went with an Army to reduce it In the year of Christ 1046. the Emperor Henry III. assembled a Council here which deposed Pope Gregory VI. who had intruded into the Roman
good Harbor on its South side The usual place where the Dutch Fleet rendezvouz in times of War Near it the Illustrious General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle beat the Dutch Fleet July 31. 1653 slew their famous Admiral Van Trump burnt and sunk twenty six of their Men of War with the loss of only two small English Ships and drove the rest into the Texel Which being seen by the People from the Shore prevented the usual Ceremony of a Thanksgiving for being beaten Teyder-Aa Teydera a River of Livonia in Litland which watereth Adzal and Wolmer then falls into the Bay of Livonia Teysterbandt Testerbantum a small County in the Dukedom of Cleves towards the Maes the Wael and the Rhine in the North of Cleves and on the Southern Border of Guelderland which has been united to Cleves seven hundred years Thabor a celebrated Mountain in Galilee in Palestine six Miles from Nazareth to the East near the Plain of Esdrelon and the Valley of Iesreel having the Brook of Endor springing from its foot Josephus gives it the Height of thirty Greek Stadia and the Plain upon the top of it the compass of two thousand five hundred Paces where the Wind blows very to hard and cold in the hottest Seasons Here our Saviour honoured S. Peter James and John with the View of his glorious Transfiguration in memory whereof Helena the Mother of Constantine the Great built upon the place a stately Church with three small Chapppels representing the three Tabernacles in S. Peter's Wish which Chappels now are almost buried under the Ruines of the Church saving one Altar used sometimes for Mass by the Religious of Nazareth Alexander Jannaeus King of Judah who began his Reign one hundred and three years before Christ built a Fortress upon this Mountain which probably continued till the time of our Saviour and was the same with that taken by Composition in the year after Christ 82 by Vespasian when the Church and Chappels were demolished These latter were re-established in 1099 by Godfrey of Bouillon and divided betwixt the Greek Calcyers and the Benedictine Monks under a Bishop a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Jerusalem In 1187 Saladine took the Mountain and ruined its Works In 1253 the Christians retook it and Pope Alexander gave it to the Templars But in 1290 it was finally lost from the Christians to the Sultan of Egypt It stands in a round conical figure with its sides to the West and South full of Shrubs and Greens Thamar Rha the same with Wolgha Thame a Market Town in Oxfordshire upon the Borders of Buckinghamshire which takes its Name from the River Thame one of the Fountains of the Thames joining with the Isis at Dorchester whose Branches almost encompass it and are here covered with a Bridge leading into Buckinghamshire It is the Capital of its hundred and enjoys the Benefit of a Free-School and a Hospital founded by the Lord Williams of Thame Thames Thamesis Tamesis Jamissa the principal River of England Which has this Name from the Thame and Isis two smaller Rivers its Fountains The first of these arises in Buckinghamshire the second in VViltshire The second is far the greater receives the VVindrush and the Evenclods before it arrives at Oxford beneath that City the Charwell a noble Flood and at Dorchester it takes the Thame Then sporting it self with vast turns it watereth VVallingford Reading and Henly dividing Buckinghamshire from Surrey it watereth VVindsor so passeth to Stanes in Middlesex above which it takes in the Colne and watering Hampton-Court Kingston Brentford and Chelsey it gently glides between Westminster and London on the North and Southwark on the South where it is covered by one of the noblest Bridges in the World More to the East it receives the Lea out of Essex being now able to bear vast Ships it hasteth by Graves End into the German Ocean between Essex to the North and Kent to the South Thanet Tanâ—tos Thanatos Athanatos in Solinus a small Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent surrounded on the South by the Sea and on the West by the River Stoure here called the Yenlade about eight Miles long and four broad In this Island the Saxons first landed and also S. Augustine the Monk In 1628 Nicolas Lord Tufton was created Earl of Thanet by Charles I. Richard the fifth of this Family succeeded in 1680. Thaurn Taurus Thaxted a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Dunmow Theaco Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea betwixt Cephalonia Sancta Maura and the Curzolari under the Venetians The Italians call it Val di Compare It reckons about fifteen thousand Inhabitants a great part banished persons from Zante Cephalonia and Corfu It hath a spacious and safe Haven but no City or good Town only some Villages and it pretends to shew the ruins of Penelope's House supposing Vlysses to have been a Native of this Ithaca Thebe Thebae two celebrated Cities in Antiquity in Egypt and Greece That in Egypt received its ruin from Cornelius Gallus Governour of Egypt But the marks of its former Opulence the number of its Inhabitants its Conquests the tribute and imposts it paid to the King and to the Temples remained engraved in Egyptian Characters upon Obelisks in Germanicus's time who visited as Tacitus says the ruins of this City in his Travels It contained one hundred and forty Stadia in Circuit one hundred Gates and according to those Obelisks seven hundred thousand fighting Men. See Diospolis § The other in Bâ—eotia in Greece hath ever pretended to challenge the ancient Cadmus for its Founder about the year of the World 2620 nigh one thousand four hundred years before the coming of Christ During which Interval it was first adorned with the Title of a Kingdom Next changed into a Republick of great Puissance which maintained War against both the Athenians and Lacedaemonians and over the latter gained a signal Victory by the conduct of their General Epaminâ—ndâ—s at the Battel of Leuctra when both hâ— and Cleombrotus General of the Lacedaemonians were slain Philip K. of Macedon Conquered this City and Garrisoned it with Macedoâ—ians whose yoak they regretted till they revol ed upon the death of that King And refusing to submit to his Son Alexander He by â—orce reconquering them entirely â—uined this City saving the single House of the Poet Pindar and divided the Lands amongst his Soldiers â—bout the year of Rome 419. and the CXI Olympaid Cassander the Son of Antipater King of Macedonia twenty years after rebuilt it and his work is parâ—ly standing at this day in the quality of a Village under the Turks but before those desâ—royers of Mankind possess'd it it was the See of an Archbishop See Stives Thebes See Stives Theobalds a Palace Royal of the Kings of England in Hâ—â—fordshire in the Hundred of Hartford not â—ar â—rom Hodsdon on the Lea and less from Waltham Abbey in Essex It is delightfully situated amongst Groves and Springs
Sir William Cecil Lord Treasurer of England built it and Robert Lord Cecil his Son of the same office to K. Jam I much beautified it Theoskeposti the Grotto in the Island of Patmos in the Archipelago wherein S. John is said to have written his Apocalypse Thermia Ferma and Ferminea as the Italians call it Polyaegas an Island in the Archipelago towards Europe which hath a considerable City of its own name and a Castle and a Spring of hot mineral Waters not far from the Sea from whence it took the name of Thermia Thermodon the same with Pormon § The Ancients frequently mention a River in Scythia Europaea in the Country of the Amazons of this name also Thermopylae a Streight or narrow passage at the great Mountain Oeta and the Gulph of Zyton in the extreme Borders of the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia leading into Phocis in Achaia Now called Bocca di Lupo or the Wolf's mouth Of great fame in Antiquity for being maintained by Leonidas General of the Lacedaemonians with three or four hundred Men against a vast Army of the Persians under Xerxes Thespia an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near the Mountain Helicon It has been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens But as it lies now under the Tyranny of the Turks a poor Village Thessalia a very considerable Province of Macedonia toward the South Bounded on the South by Achaia now Livadia on the West by Epirus on the North by Macedonia properly so called and by the Archipelago and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East The Capital City of which is Larissa now called Comenolitari by Castaldus and by Brietius Janna under the Turks It had in the beginning Kings of its own Next it became subject to the Macedonians and Romans It had Marquesses of its own in the latter part of the times of the Greek Emperors Bonifacius being made Marquess of Thessalia in 1210 whose Posterity possessed it till about 1380. When Amurath Conquered the greatest part of this Country and his Posterity still enjoy it It is incompassed by the Olympus Pindus Ossa and Oeta four great Mountains its Inhabitants were in the ancient Times so famous for their Chivalry that Philip of Macedon sought and obtained the Dominion of it chiefly on that account Very fruitful reasonably well Peopled and for the most part inhabited by Christians Thessalonica a great Maritim City of Macedonia the Metropolis of that ancient Kingdom called of old Thermae now Salonichi It has had the fortune to keep up something of its ancient Greatness and Wealth still an Archbishops See and a populous City defended by ancient Walls and a Castle and blessed with a large safe Haven The greatest part of its Inhabitants are Jews It stands at the foot of an Hill upon a small River at the bottom of a Bay called by its own name two hundred and twenty Miles from Durazzo to the East three hundred and fifty from Constantinople to the South-West and two hundred and thirty from Athens to the North. Long. 47. 50. Lat. 42. 10. S. Paul Converted it to the Christian Faith and wrote two Epistles to it about the year of Christ 52. Timothy was sent by S. Paul to instruct and confirm them in the same Faith In 390. Theodosius the Great slew seven thousand of its Inhabitants for a Tumult In 895. It was taken and sacked by the Saracens In 1423. it was sold to the Venetians In 1431. Amurath II. took it from them In the year 1688. the Venetians bombarded it till the Inhabitants submitted to the Contributions demanded of them Thetford Sitomagum Sciani a small but very ancient Roman Town in the County of Norfolk upon the little Ouse in the Borders of the County of Suffolk Twenty Miles from Norwich to the South-West seventeen from Ely to the East and eight from Bury to the North. This ancient Town was sacked by Sweno the Dane in 1004. and suffered more from them in 1010. About 1047. the Bishops See of the East-Angles was removed hither from Elmham Herebert the next Bishop removed in 1067. to Norwich The Conqueror in his Survey sound two hundred Houses soon after empty ever since it has been decaying yet it is a Corporation sends two Burgesses to Parliament and gave the Title of a Viscount to the Right Honourable Henry Bennet Earl of Arlington The Lent Assizes for the County are usually kept here Thiano a ruined City in the Province called Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which had a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Thibet Thibetum a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary between Tartary properly so called and the Desart Tartary to the North Indosthan to the South Tangut to the East and Mawaralnatharia to the West Of which there is little known but the Name Some make it the same with others a part of Turquestan Thienen Atheniensis Legio Tenae and Tillemontium is a Town of Brabant called by the French Tillemont upon the small Rivolet Geet which beneath Hallen falls into the Demere about six Leagues from Namur to the North and a little more from Brussels to the East Now a great Town and formerly of great Import and Trade as appears by this that her Walls have been thrice inlarged In the late Wars saith Guicciardin between the French Liegeois and Low Countries it has been much wasted and in part desolated though the Inhabitants enjoy great Privileges In 1578. this Place was ceded to Don John of Austria In 1635. taken by the French Thionville Divodurum Theodonis Villa a City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh called by the Germans Diedenhoven It is a small but very strong Place and stands upon the Moselle four Leagues from Mets to the North nine from Trier to the South-West and about eleven from Montmedi to the East This Place was much beloved and frequented by Charles the Great as Eginhard saith He ordinarily assembled the Nobility and Clergy of his Estates here and particularly in 806 when he parted his Kingdom amongst his three Sons In 835. a Council at this City deposed the Archbishop of Rheims as Author of an attempt against the Person of Lewis the Debonaire K. of France whom the said Archbishop and his Adherents had deprived of Royal Dignity In 844. Charles the Bald assisted at another Council here In the latter Times it was often taken by the French who ever since 1644. have intirely possessed it the Peace of the Pyrenees confirming it to them Thorax a Mountain near the City Manissa in Lydia in the Lesser Asia The Christians of S. Thomas an ancient Church of the Eastern Christians about Goa Meliapour Cranganoor c. in the Hither East-Indies Which claiming its Establishment from the Apostle S. Thomas whose Body is pretended to be preserved at Goa keeps it self at an entire Independency from the Laws and Rites of both the Roman and Greek Churches whose several Founders it says were the Heads of the Churches of their own Foundations
in Limosin and watering Limoges entereth La Marche passeth into Poictou and three Leagues above Saumur to the East falls into the Loyre Vieste Viesta Apeneste a City in the Capitanato a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Manfredonia and stands at the foot of Mount Gargani upon the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles from Manfredonia to the South-East Built out of the Ruins of Marinum an antient Roman City which was honoured with a Bishops See and mentioned by Pliny Vietri a Town and Dutchy in the Kingdom of Naples near Salerno Vigazolo Vigisole Togisonus a Lake in the Territory of Padoua in Lombardy Vigenne Vincenna a River of Burgundy Vigevano Viglebanum Vergeminum a small City with a strong Castle in the Dukedom of Milan in 1530. made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan from which it stands 20 Miles to the West and 12 from Novara upon the River Tecino There is a small County belonging to it of the same name Vignori Vangionis Rivus a Town in Champagne Vihitz Vihitza a City of Croatia also called Bigion upon a small Lake made by the River Wana 45 Miles from Segna or Zeng to the East and from Zara ro the North formerly the Capital of Croatia and a Hanse Town Uikesland a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Reval and Pernaw upon the Baltick Sea under the Swedes Uilaine Vindana Herius Vicennonia Vidana a River of Bretagne in France which watering Rennes the Capital of that Province falls into the British Sea between Nantes and Vannes Uilla de Chiesa Villa Ecclesiae a City on the South side of the Island of Sardinia which is a Bishops See ever since the year 1513. but little and not much inhabited Uilach Cacorum Villachum a City of the Vpper Carinthia upon the Drave where it receives the Geyla in the Dominions of the Bishop of Bamberg eighteen Miles from Clagonfurt to the West and forty six from Vdine to the North. Uilla Franca a Town in Piedmont in the County of Nizza with a large Port on the Mediterranean Sea Built in 1295. by Charles II. King of Naples five Miles from Nizza to the West and from Monaco to the same Near this place the French defeated Prosper Colonna in 1516. Uille Franche de Conflent Villa Franca Consluentum a City of Rousillon in the Mountains upon the River Thetis at the soot of the Pyren ten Leagues from Perpignan to the West Uille Franche de Rovergue a great City of Aquitain in the Province of Rovergue upon the River Veronium eight Leagues from Rhodes to the West and from Caors to the East § There is another Town of this name in the Territory of Beaujolois Uillemur a Town in Languedoc Uillena Bigerra once a City of the Bastitana's mentioned by Livy Ptolemy and some others Now a Town in the Kingdom of Murcia in the Borders of Valencia twelve Leagues from Murcia to the North. As appears by several ancient Inscriptions there found Uilne Vilna a City in the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Wilenski by the Poles Wylna by the Germans Wilde and Wildaw by the French Vilne and Vilna It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and the Capital of Lithuania Built in 1305. by Gedemin Great Duke of Lithuania and since become a very great City Ill handled by the Russ in 1655. when they took it The Swedes have since regained and rebuilt it In 1579. there was an University opened here by King Stephen It stands upon a River of the same name one hundred and thirty Polish Miles from Cracow to the South-East and forty eight from Riga to the South Long. 49. 50. Lat. 55. 10. Uilss Quintanica a River of Bavaria Uimen Vinemagum Vimesium a Tract in Picardy between Normandy to the South the Mouth of the Somme to the North and the British Sea to the West Uimory a Village in the Province of Gastinois in France one League from Montargis where the Duke of Guise obtained a Victory over the Foreign Forces that came to the succor of the Huguenots in 1587. Uinay the same with Vence Uincennes a famous Palace and Castle Royal near Paris to the East surrounded with a large Park which Philip the August K. of France walled in 1183. There was a Castle standing there at that time Philip de Valois in 1327. demolish'd that old Castle and laid the foundations of a new one in the same place K. John carried on the Work and Charles V. born here in 1338 brought it to perfection In 1614. The Qu. Regent of France Maria de Medicis adorned it with a Gallery and 1660. Lewis XIV established both the Palace and Castle in their present State Three of the Kings of France have died here Lewis X. in 1316. Henry V. K. of England and by Conquest of France in 1422. Charles IX in 1574. The Chappel of the Castle received its Foundation from Charles V. in 1379. In this Chappel the body of Card. Mazarine dying here in 1661 rested till in the year 1684 it was removed to the Church of the College of his own name at Paris and his heart given to the Theatines The Castle now serves for a Prison of State and Persons of great note have often found their Tombs in it Uindish Marck Vindorum Marchia a part of the Dukedom of Carniola between Croatia to the East Czirknitzerzee to the West and the Save to the North. The principal places of which are Metling Rudelswerd and Ribnick Uinoxberg See Bergue S. Vinoch a City of Flanders Taken by the French in 1646. Retaken by the Spaniards in 1658. Uintuniglia Albintiminium Albintemelium Vintimilium a City of Liguria in the States of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan fifteen Miles from Nizza to the West Uipao Frigius a River of Carniola called by the Germans Wipach by the Italians Vipao It ariseth out of the Alpes in the Borders of Carniola near the Castle of Wipach and flowing through the Dukedom of Goritia between it and Gratz falls into the Isonzo Upon the Banks of this River Theodosius the Great overthrew Eugenius the Usurper in 394. Uique See Vich Uire Viria a City in the Lower Normandy of good esteem upon a River of the same name twelve Leagues from Caen to the North-West and a little more from Coutance to the East Uirginia a Country in North America Bounded on the South by Carolina on the East by the Vergivian Ocean on the North by Maryland on the West by Mountains and a vast Tract of undiscovered Lands First discovered by Sabastian Cabot a Portuguese in an English Ship in 1497. Viewed by Sir Fran. Drake called Virginia by Sir Walter Rawleigh in Honour of Qu. Elizabeth in 1584. First planted in 1607. by Sir John Popham The Air is pleasant and wholsome except in the Lowlands and Marshes Subject to violent changes especially when the North-West Winds blow which coming from Mountains always covered with Snow
same with Furnes Wernow Chalusus a City of Germany near Rostock Wersaw See Warsaw Wert the same with Donawert Werthaim a County in Franconia in Germany Wesel Aliso Vesalia a strong City in the Dukedom of Cleve and an Hanse Town which has a Castle belonging to it It stands upon the Rhine at the confluence of the Lippe twelve German Miles from Cologne North and five from Dorsten to the VVest Taken by the Hollanders from the Spaniards in 1629. From them by the French in 1672 and in the year 1674 it was left to the Duke of Brandenburg after it had been dismantled by the French Rudolphus I Emperor of Germany granted this City to Theodorick VIII Earl of Cleve Weser or the Little Weser Visurgis a small River which ariseth in the Dukedom of Limburgh in the Borders of Juliers and watering Limburgh falls into the Maes above Liege Weser Visurgis a great River of Germany which ariseth in Franconia in the Territory of Coburg near Eisfeldt and flowing through Thuringe near Smalcald receives the Ness below Eysenack and in Hess the Fuld Turning to the North between Brunswick and Westphalia it takes in the Dymel and waters Corby Hammel Minden Cities of Westphalia beneath Ferden admits the Alder and salutes Breme takes in the Wemma and the Honte and beneath Carlestadt â—â—lls into the German Ocean Wesho Vexio a City of Sweden in the Province of Smalland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal called also Vexsioe and Vexsieu Thirty five Miles from the Lake of Weter South and from the Baltick Sea West Westbury a Market Town and Corporation in Wiltshire upon the River Broke falling into the Avon the Capital of its Hundred and honoured with the Election of two Parliament Men. Westerwaldt Bacenis Buronia a part of the Hercynian Forest called also Hartzwaldt It makes the South parts of the Dukedoms of Brunswick and Thuringe in the Lower Saxony others say it lies by Schelde near Cologne Westerwick Vestrovicum a Sea-Port City in the Province of Smalland on the Baltick Sea in Sweden fifty five Miles from Calmar to the North. West Froson See Friseland Westmannia Vestmania or Westmanland a Province of Sweden between Vpland to the East Gestricia to the North Sudermannia to the South and Nericia to the West The Cities of it are Arosen and Arbosen Westminster Westmonasterium once a Suburb seated a Mile from the City of London and called Thorney now a great and populous City by its Buildings conjoined to London so that it seems to be a part of it but is indeed a distinct City having its peculiar and proper Magistrates and Privileges In the times of the Romans there stood here a Temple of Apollo which in the Reign of Antoninus Pius was subverted by an Earthquake Out of the Ruins of it Segebert King of Kent built a Church in honour of S. Peter about the year 655. About the year 701. Offa King of the East Angles inlarged this old Church which being destroyed by the Danes about the year 854 S. Dunstane Archbishop of Canterbury re-edified it about 970. Edward the Confessor in the year 1061. made great additions to this Fabrick In the year 1221. Henry III. pulled down this Saxon Building and in the same place erected that great and noble Pile now standing and put it into the hands of the Monks to which Henry VII added the Chappel called by his Name In the years 1066 and 1226. Councils were celebrated here At the Reformation instead of the Monks was placed here a Dean twelve Prebends and a Bishop which last is since suppressed In this Church is usually performed the Coronation it likewise contains the Bones of a vast number of the Kings of England and was the Mother of Westminster which from it as from a Centre has spread it self every way Especially after Westminster-Hall became the fixed place for the Courts of Justice built by William Rufus in the year 1099. Rebuilt by Richard II. as Mr. Camden observes and Whitehall the Royal Palace of our Kings about the year 1512. Westmorland Damnii Vestmaria Westmorlandia one of the Northern Counties of England took this Name from its situation and the great number of Moors in it On the North and West it is bounded by Cumberland on the South by Lancashire and on the East by Yorkshire From North to South it is thirty Miles from East to West twenty four in circumference one hundred and twelve Containing twenty six Parishes and eight Market Towns The Air is sharp and piercing healthful the Soil barren and not easily improved two ridges of high Hills crossing it as far as Cumberland Yet the Southern parts contain many fruitful Valleys Meadows Arable and Pasture Grounds The Rivers Eden Ken Lon and Eamon watering them besides two noted Lakes the Vlleswater and Windermeer the last bordering upon Cheshire the other upon Cumberland and Westmorland The ancient Inhabitants were the Brigantes who in the Saxon Heptarchy constituted a part of the great Kingdom of Northumberland The first Earl of this County was Ralph Nevil Lord of Raby E. Marshall in 1398 created Earl of Westmorland by King Richard II. This Family in six Descents continued till the year 1584. it failed in the death of Charles Nevil In 1624. this Honour was revived in Francis Fane created Earl of Westmorland and Baron of Burghersh by James I. as a descendent from the Nevils whose Posterity still enjoy it Westphalia a great Circle or Province in Germany called by the Germans die Wephalen It lies between the Lower Saxony to the East and the Low-Countries to the West bounded on the North by the German Sea on the East by the Dukedom of Breme Ferden Lunenburg and Brunswick on the West by the Vnited Netherlands on the South by the Dukedom of Guelderland the Bishoprick of Cologne VVesterwaldt and Hassia It contains the Bishopricks of Munster Paderborne and Osnaburg the Dukedoms of Cleve and Berg the Principality of Minden the Counties of Oldenburg Mark Hoye Diepholt Ravensberg Lingen Lippe Benthem and Scaumburg East Friseland and the Dukedom of Westphalia The capital City of this Circle is Munster The Dukedom of Westphalia is bounded on the North by the Bishopricks of Munster and Paderborne on the West by the County of Mark on the South by Wester-waldt and Hassia on the East by the County of Waldeck The principal places in it are Arensberg Cleve Dussel-dorp Embden Emerick Ham Lipstad Minden Munster Oldenburg Osnabruck Paderborne Soest Dortmund and Wesel Besides what is above expressed this Circle includes the Dukedoms of Juliers and Guelderland the Bishoprick of Leige and the States of Vtrecht but this last has been separated from it ever since 1548. Westram a Market Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent Westrick Westrych Westryck Austrasia Lotharingia taken in its largest extent contained Brabant Hainault Liege Namur Luxemburg Juliers Epfall Wasgow Imperial Flanders and Lorain And under the first Race of the Kings of France
North to South thirty nine Miles from East to West twenty nine in circumference one hundred thirty nine containing three hundred and four Parishes and twenty three Market Towns amongst which Wilton its ancient Capital gives Name to it The Air very sweet temperate healthful the Soil fertile The North parts swell into fruitful and pleasant Hills diversisied with pleasant Rivers and large Woods The South are more level and watered with the Wily Adder and Avon the Isis Kennet and Deveril The middle is commonly called Salisbury Plains by reason of its great evenness which feeds vast numbers of excellent Sheep This Country was the Seat of the Belgae They being reduced by Vespasian it became afterward a part of the Kingdom of the West Saxons The principal City is Salisbury William Lord Scrope Lord Treasurer was the first Earl of this County in the year 1397. James Butler Earl of Ormond another Lord Treasurer in 1448. John Stafford second Son of Humphrey Duke of Buckingham was the third Earl in 1469. who had two Successors of the same Name Thomas Bullen Father of the Lady Anne Bullen Mother of Queen Elizabeth the sixth Earl in 1529. In 1550. William Paulet afterwards Marquess of Winchester was created Earl of Wiltshire by King Edward VI. whose Posterity in the fifth Descent now enjoy this Honour Wilton a Market Town in Wiltshire to which it gives Name betwixt the Rivers Willy by the North and Adder or Nadder to the South It was anciently the Capital City of the County a Bishops See and the Residence of several Bishops before the Translation of the See to Salisbury The loss whereof was a great occasion of the decay of this place It only retains the honour of being by two Members represented in Parliament The Sheriffs keep their monthly Courts here and the Knights of the Shire are usually elected at it Wimpfen Wimpina Vimpina a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben upon the Necker where it receives the River Jaxt two German Miles from Hailbrune to the North and five from Heidelburg to the East This though small is an Imperial Free City Wincaunton a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Norton Ferris upon the side of a Hill Winchcomb a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Kistgate Winchelsey a Sea-Port Town in the East part of Sussex where it adjoins to Kent in Hastings Rape upon an Inlet of the Sea in the neighbourhood of Rye A Member of the Cinque Ports once a strong and a beautiful Town walled having eighteen Parish Churches but by the recess of the Ocean now much decayed and the Haven choaked up In the year 1250. the greatest part of this Town was destroyed by the Sea It consists now but of one Parish In 1628. Charles I. created Elizabeth Finch Viscount Maidstone Countess of Winchelsey to which Honour Thomas her Son succeeded in 1633. and Henneage her Grandchild in 1639. Winchester Venta Belgarum Vintonia Wintonia a City of Hampshire which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the River Itching fifteen Miles from the British Sea to the North. It stands pleasantly in a Vale betwixt two Hills adorned with five Parish Churches a Noble Cathedral dedicated to the Trinity in which the Bones of divers of the Saxon Kings and Queens with two of the Danish Line of Kings and two of the Norman rest A fine Hall for the Assizes and Sessions where King Arthur's Round Table hangs as a Monument of Antiquity a College for the Education of Youth built and endowed by Will of Wickham the Founder of New College Oxon for a Seminary to the same College a Hospital an Episcopal Palace and a strong Castle upon a Hill The Welsh call this ancient City at this day Caer Cruent that is the White City because it stands upon a Chalk and the Latin Writers Wintonia In the Roman times it was one of the principal Cities of Britain In the Saxons days twice consumed and rebuilt being made the Seat of the West Saxon Kings which Family at last prevailed against all the rest The Bishops See was founded here in 660. by Kingil the first Christian King of the West Saxons It felt the fury of the Danes In the Norman times it kept up its Head but in the Reign of King Stephen it was sacked in the Wars betwixt the Empress Mand and him Edward III. to revive it made it the Mart for VVool and Cloth In our days saith Mr. Camden it is about a Mile and a half in compass reasonably well peopled The ancient Bishops of this See were reputed Earls of Southampton and pass by that Style in the New Statutes of the Garter made by King Henry VIII The present Bishop Dr. Mew is the seventy third Bishop The first Earl of Winchester was Saer de Quinsey in 1207. The second Roger de Quinsey in 1219. who died in 1264. The third Hugh de Spencer created in 1322. and beheaded in 1326. The fourth Lewis de Bruges in 1472. In 1551. VVilliam Pawlet Earl of VViltshire was created Marquess of VVinchester whose Posterity in the sixth Descent now enjoy it In the years 855. 975. 1021. 1070. 1076. 1129. 1142. English Councils were celebrated in this City The second under S. Dunstan The sixth in relation to King Stephen's Usurpation of the Lands of the Church Windaw Vinda Vindavia a City of Curland called by the Poles Kiess and by the Germans Windaw and Winda It has an Harbor at the Mouth of the River VVeta upon the Baltick Sea fifteen Polish Miles from Memel to the North and thirty from Riga to the West Winder or VVimander Meer a Lake dividing a part of Lancashire from the County of VVestmorland and extending about ten Miles in length and three or four in breadth full of Fish with a clear pebbly bottom Windham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Forehoe Windrush a River in Oxfordshire upon which VVitney stands and Burford near it Windsor Vindesorium a Castle upon the South side of the Thames in Berkshire upon an high Hill which rising by gentle degrees affords at the top a pleasant Prospect This Place was granted by Edward the Confessor to the Monks of Westminster and soon after by William the Conqueror recovered back to the Crown by an exchange for Wokendune and Ferings In this pleasant Place was Edw. III. born who afterward built that Noble Castle which has since been the delightful Retreat of the Kings of England from the Cares of Government and the Crowds of Men. In the same place that Victorious Prince instituted the most Noble Order of the GARTER The Ceremony whereof hath been usually since celebrated here upon S. George's Day Out of the Castle sprung the Town and that in Buckinghamshire not in Barkshire it being on the North side of the River and joined to the Castle by a Timber Bridge In the Church of this Castle lie buried two of our Kings of the most distant Fortunes
Founder of the University of Paris borrowed those Lights which have since glittered there About 867 the Danes had so weakened this City the second time that Osbright and Ella Kings of Northumberland brake easily through its VValls and fought the Danes in the City where both these valiant Princes were slain and the Danes remained Masters of it It was recovered again out of the Hands of the Danes by King Athelstane in 928 and was a City of sixteen hundred and twenty eight Mansions in the Reigns of Edward the the Confessor and William the Conqueror In 1069 the fourth year of the Conqueror's Reign Sweno the Dane and Edgar Atheling the lawful Prince of England with the Scots attacking this place the Normans siring the Suburbs the City took fire too and the Enemy entring at the same time Fire and Sword almost destroyed it Those few Citizens which escaped were made a Sacrifice to the Jealousie of William the Conqueror In the Reign of King Stephen Egberts Library the Cathedral and a great part of the City was burnt by a casual Fire Nor was the Cathedral rebuilt before the Reign of Edward I. At which time the Citizens also rebuilt the Walls of the City Richard II. made it a County incorporate by it self Annexing a small Territory to it on the West side in which the Archbishops of York enjoy the Rights of Palatines Richard III. began the Repair of the Castle which ended with his short Reign Henry VIII erected here a Court of Chancery for the North not much unlike the Parliaments of France which lasted till the War in 1640 put a period to it Charles I. retired hither in 1641 when the Tumults of London forced him from thence This City stood firmly to him and had certainly restored him to his rightful Dominion and Authority had not the Scots broke their Faith and entred England the second time in 1644 who joyning with Manchester and Fairfax besieged this City with three Armies Prince Rupert came up and relieved it July 31. But the Kings Forces being defeated at Marstonmoor soon after July 16. this Loyal City was delivered up to the Parliament upon Honorable Terms and ill kept by the prosperous Rebels Long. 22 25. Lat. 54. 10. Cambden Yorkshire Eboracensis Comitatus the far greatest County of England Divided for Civil Affairs into three Ridings or smaller Counties Bounded on the North by the Bishoprick of Durham cut off by the River Tees on the West by Lancashire and Westmoreland on the South by Cheshire Darbyshire Nottingham and Lincolnshire cut off by the Humber On the whole Eastern side it is beaten by the German Sea In length from North to South near seventy Miles in breadth eighty in compass three hundred and eight inclosing five hundred and sixty three Parishes and forty nine Market Towns with many Chappels of Ease as large and populous as Parishes The East-riding is comprehended betwixt the River Derwent and the Sea being the least The North-riding extends as far as Westmorland and the West-riding which is the largest is bounded by the two other Ridings to the North the Counties of Derby and Nottingham with Cheshire to the South Lincolnshire to the East and Lancashire to the West The Air is generally temperate the Earth fruitful Affords besides Corn and Grass excellent Mines of Coal and Lead and Quarries of Stone Beside the Tees and Humber its mentioned boundaries and the Dun which separates a part of it from Lincolnshire Herâ— is the Swale You re Nyd Warfe Are Calder Derwent all falling into the Ouse at or below York and the Hull falling into the Humber at Hull The ancient Inhabitants of it were the Brigantes who were conquered by the Romans with great difficulty about the year 57. in the Reign of Nero. About the year 547. Ina Conquered this County and began the Kingdom of Northumberland of which this was a part After the Conquest the first and only Earl of York which we find upon Record is Otho of Bavaria in 1190. In 1385. Edmund of Langley fifth Son of Edward III. Earl of Cambridge was Created Duke of York In 1401. Edward his Son In 1415. Richard his Grandchild succeeded in this Duchy In 1474. Richard of Shrewsbury second Son of Edward IV. had this Title In 1495. Henry second Son of Henry VII who was after King of England had it In 1604. Charles second Son of King James I. In 1643. James second Son of Charles I. was Created Duke of York So that the three last Dukes of York have been afterwards Kings of England Youre a River in Yorkshire falling into the Ouse at York Rippon and Boroughbridge stand upon it Yperen or Ypres Hyprae a City in the Earldom of Flanders which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mechlin by the Institution of P. Paul IV. It is very strong and has a new Cittadel Taken by the French March 26. in 1678 and still in their Hands This City stands in a fruitful Plain upon a River of the same Name six Leagues from Newport to the South five from Courtray towards Calais and thirteen from Gand or Gaunt Yssel Isala Aliso Isla Fossa Drusiana a River in the Low Countries believed to be a Branch of the Rhine but indeed a Cut made by Drusius a Roman Prince and General under Augustus the Emperor It parts from the North Branch of the Rhine above Arnham and bearing North watereth Doesburg Zutphen Deventer Zwol Campen and parting the Velewe from Over-Yssel falls into the Zuyder Zee It took this Name from a smaller River called Alt-Yssel the Old Yssel which arising near Heyden in Cleve watereth Schermbeeck Ringeberg Weert Ysselburg Aenholt taking in the Aa Burg Dotekom and at Doesburg falls into this Cut or Branch of the Rhine Yvica See Ivica Yvoix a small but strong Town in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh upon the River Chiers four Leagues from Montmedi to the West twelve from Luxemburgh and two from Sedan to the East Taken and dismantled by the French in 1552. Refortified by the Spaniards and retaken by the French recovered by the Spaniards in 1637. And I believe returned under the French again Yupi a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary East of the Kingdom of Niuche Z A. ZAara or Saara a vast Desert in Africa extending from East to West between Biledulgerida to the North Nigritia to the South Nubia to the East and the Atlantick Ocean to the West The Seat of the ancient Getuli and Garamantes Modern Geographers have discovered some Towns Lakes and Riverâ— there which give names to the respective desarts about them Berdoa and Zuenziga are of this number But generally Sands Scorpions and Monsters Lions Tigers and Ostriches take up the Habitations of these Desarts Mar de Zabacche the same with Limen or the Palus Moeotis Zaberen Elsas Zabera Tabernae a City of the Lower Alsatia upon the River Sorr four German Miles from Strasburg to the West Called by the French Saverne The usual Residence of the Bishop of